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Business Combinations
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2022
Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]  
Business Combinations BUSINESS COMBINATIONS
CIT Group Inc.
BancShares completed the CIT Merger on January 3, 2022 (the “Merger Date”). Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, each share of CIT common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“CIT Common Stock”), issued and outstanding, except for certain shares of CIT Common Stock owned by CIT or BancShares, was converted into the right to receive 0.062 shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share, plus, cash in lieu of fractional shares of Class A Common Stock. The Parent Company issued approximately 6.1 million shares of its Class A Common Stock in connection with the consummation of the CIT Merger. The closing share price of Class A Common Stock on the Nasdaq Global Select Market was $859.76 on January 3, 2022. The purchase price consideration related to the issuance of Class A Common Stock was $5.3 billion. There were approximately 8,800 fractional shares for which the Parent Company paid cash of $7 million.

Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, each issued and outstanding share of fixed-to-floating rate non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, series A, par value $0.01 per share, of CIT (“CIT Series A Preferred Stock”) and each issued and outstanding share of 5.625% non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, series B, par value $0.01 per share, of CIT (“CIT Series B Preferred Stock” and together with CIT Series A Preferred Stock, “CIT Preferred Stock”), converted into the right to receive one share of a newly created series of preferred stock, series B, of the Parent Company (“BancShares Series B Preferred Stock”) and one share of a newly created series of preferred stock, series C, of the Parent Company (“BancShares Series C Preferred Stock” and together with the BancShares Series B Preferred Stock, the “New BancShares Preferred Stock”), respectively, having such rights, preferences, privileges and voting powers, and limitations and restrictions, taken as a whole, that are not materially less favorable to the holders thereof than the rights, preferences, privileges and voting powers, and limitations and restrictions, taken as a whole, of the CIT Series A Preferred Stock and the CIT Series B Preferred Stock, respectively. The non-callable period for the New BancShares Preferred Stock is January 4, 2027, which is five years from the original issuance date of the New BancShares Preferred Stock. There are 325,000 shares of BancShares Series B Preferred Stock with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share, resulting in a total liquidation preference of $325 million. There are 8 million shares of BancShares Series C Preferred Stock with a liquidation preference of $25 per share, resulting in a total liquidation preference of $200 million. The New BancShares Preferred Stock qualifies as Tier 1 capital. The purchase price consideration related to the fair value of the New BancShares Preferred Stock was $541 million.

CIT RSUs and PSUs converted to BancShares RSUs and CIT Director Awards and immediately vested upon completion of the CIT Merger as further described in the “Stock-Based Compensation” discussion in Note 1 — Accounting Policies and Basis of Presentation. The aggregate purchase price consideration related to these compensation awards was $81 million.

The CIT Merger has been accounted for as a business combination under the acquisition method of accounting. Accordingly, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair values based on initial valuations as of January 3, 2022. The determination of estimated fair values required management to make certain estimates about discount rates, future expected cash flows, market conditions at the time of the merger and other future events that are highly subjective in nature and may require adjustments.

As of June 30, 2022, the fair value measurements remain preliminary. The purchase price allocation is considered preliminary as estimates related to certain loan and lease portfolios, certain deposits, deferred tax assets and liabilities and certain other assets and liabilities are subject to continuing refinement, as we identify and assess information regarding the nature of these assets and liabilities and review the associated valuation assumptions and methodologies. The amounts recorded for current and deferred tax assets and liabilities are considered provisional as we continue to evaluate the nature and extent of permanent and temporary differences between the book and tax bases of the acquired assets and liabilities assumed.

While BancShares believes that the information available on January 3, 2022 provided a reasonable basis for estimating fair value, as mentioned above, BancShares continues to review information relating to events or circumstances existing at the Merger Date. Purchase accounting could change until management finalizes its analysis of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, up to one year from the Merger Date.
The following table provides a preliminary purchase price allocation to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values as of the Merger Date:

Purchase Price Consideration and Net Assets Acquired
dollars in millions, except shares issued and price per share Purchase Price Allocation
Common share consideration
     Shares of Class A Common Stock issued6,140,010 
     Price per share on January 3, 2022$859.76 
          Consideration for common stock5,279 
Fair value consideration for preferred stock541 
Consideration for stock-based compensation81 
Cash in lieu of fractional shares and other consideration paid51 
Purchase price consideration$5,952 
Assets
Cash and interest-earning deposits at banks3,060 
Investment securities6,561 
Assets held for sale59 
Loans and leases32,714 
Operating lease equipment7,838 
Bank-owned life insurance1,202 
Intangible assets143 
Other assets2,198 
Total assets acquired$53,775 
Liabilities
Deposits39,428 
Borrowings4,536 
Credit balances of factoring clients1,534 
Other liabilities1,894 
Total liabilities assumed$47,392 
Fair value of net assets acquired6,383 
Preliminary gain on acquisition$431 

BancShares recorded a preliminary gain on acquisition of $431 million in noninterest income, representing the excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over the purchase price. The preliminary gain on acquisition is not taxable.

The following is a description of the methods used to determine the estimated fair values of significant assets acquired and liabilities assumed as presented above.

Cash and interest-bearing deposits
For financial instruments with a short-term or no stated maturity, prevailing market rates and limited credit risk, carrying amounts approximate fair value.

Investment securities
Fair values for investment securities were based on quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices were not available, fair value estimates were based on observable inputs including quoted market prices for similar instruments, quoted market prices that are not in an active market or other inputs that are observable in the market. In the absence of observable inputs, fair value was estimated based on pricing models and/or discounted cash flows methodologies.

Loans held for sale and portfolio loans
Fair values for loans were based on a discounted cash flow methodology that considered factors including the type of loan and related collateral, fixed or variable interest rate, remaining term, credit quality ratings or scores, amortization status and current discount rate. Selected larger, impaired loans were specifically reviewed to evaluate credit risk. Loans with similar risk characteristics were pooled together when applying various valuation techniques. The discount rates used for loans were based on an evaluation of current market rates for new originations of comparable loans and required rates of return for market participants to purchase similar assets, including adjustments for liquidity and credit quality when necessary.
Purchased loans and leases which reflect a more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination as of the date of acquisition are classified as PCD loans and leases. PCD loans and leases are recorded at acquisition-date amortized cost, which is the purchase price or fair value in a business combination, plus BancShares' initial ACL which results in a gross up of the loan balance (the “PCD Gross-Up”). The difference between the unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) and the acquisition date amortized cost resulting from the PCD Gross-Up is amortized or accreted to interest income over the contractual life of the loan using the effective interest method.

Non-Purchased Credit Deteriorated (“Non-PCD”) loans and leases consist of loans that do not reflect more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination at acquisition.

The following table presents the UPB and fair value of the loans and leases acquired by BancShares in the CIT Merger. The UPB for PCD loans and leases includes the PCD Gross-Up of $272 million as discussed further in Note 4 — Loans and Leases.

Loans Acquired
Loans and Leases
dollars in millionsUPBFair Value
Non-PCD loans and leases$29,542 $29,481 
PCD loans and leases3,550 3,233 
Total loans and leases$33,092 $32,714 

Operating Lease Equipment
Operating lease equipment were comprised of two sub-groups: rail and non-rail equipment. Fair values for both were based on the cost approach where market values were not available. The sales approach was used to value rail assets where market information was available, or when replacement cost less depreciation was lower than the current market value. An intangible liability was recorded for net below market lease contracts rental rates, for which fair value was estimated using the income approach and market lease rates and other key inputs.

A discount was recorded for operating lease equipment, which includes railcars, locomotives and other equipment, to reduce it to fair value. This adjustment will reduce depreciation expense over the remaining useful lives of the equipment on a straight line basis. The intangible liability (see Note 7 — Goodwill and Other Intangibles) will be amortized, thereby increasing rental income (a component of noninterest income) over the remaining term of the lease agreements on a straight line basis.

Bank Owned Life Insurance
The fair values of BOLI policies were determined by the policy administrator and calculated based on the net present value of investment cash flows. Expected premium payments, death benefits and expected mortality were considered in the net present value calculation. Based upon the administrator’s analysis and management’s review of the analysis, fair value was determined to equate to book value as of the merger date.

Intangible assets
The following table presents the intangible asset recorded in conjunction with the CIT Merger related to the valuation of core deposits:  

Intangible Assets
dollars in millionsFair ValueEstimated Useful LifeAmortization Method
Core deposit intangibles$14310 yearsStraight-line
Certain core deposits were acquired as part of the CIT Merger, which provide an additional source of funds for BancShares. The core deposit intangibles represent the costs saved by BancShares by acquiring the core deposits rather than sourcing the funds elsewhere. This intangible was valued using the income approach, after-tax cost savings method. This method estimates the fair value by discounting to present value the favorable funding spread attributable to the core deposit balances over their estimated average remaining life. The favorable funding spread is calculated as the difference in the alternative cost of funds and the net deposit cost. Refer to Note 7 — Goodwill and Other Intangibles for further discussion.
Other assets
The following table details other assets acquired:

Other Assets
dollars in millions Fair Value
Low-income housing tax credits and other investments$777
Right of use assets327
Premises and equipment230
Fair value of derivative financial instruments209 
Counterparty receivables133
Other522 
Total other assets$2,198
The fair values of the tax credit investments considered the ongoing equity installments that are regularly allocated to each of the underlying tax credit funds comprising the low income housing tax credits investments, along with changes to projected tax benefits and the impact this has on future capital contributions, and an appropriately determined discount rate. The fair value of the investments in unconsolidated entities was valued using the income approach.

The right of use asset associated with real estate operating leases were measured at the same amount as the lease liability as adjusted to reflect favorable or unfavorable terms of the lease when compared with market terms. The lease liability was measured at the present value of the remaining lease payments, as if the acquired lease were a new lease of the acquirer at the acquisition date and using BancShares incremental borrowing rate. The lease term was determined for individual leases based on management’s assessment of the probability of exercising the existing renewal, termination and/or purchase option.

Fair values for property, including leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures, computer software and other digital equipment were determined using the cost approach. Certain tangible assets that are expected to be sold in the short term were reported at net book. Real estate property, such as land and buildings, was valued using the sales comparison approach, where sales of comparable properties are adjusted for differences to estimate the value of each subject property. 

The fair values of the derivative financial instruments, as well as counterparty receivables, were valued using prices of financial instruments with similar characteristics and observable inputs.

Deposits
The fair values for time deposits were estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis whereby the contractual remaining cash flows were discounted using market rates currently being offered for time deposits of similar maturities. For transactional deposits, carrying amounts approximate fair value.

Borrowings
In connection with the CIT Merger, BancShares assumed the outstanding borrowings of CIT. The fair values of borrowing were estimated based on readily observable prices using reliable market sources.

Credit balances of Factoring Clients
Credit balance amounts represent short-term payables that are tied to the factoring receivables. Due to the short-term nature of these payables and given that amounts are settled at book value, it was determined that the carrying value is equivalent to fair value.

Other Liabilities
Other liabilities include items such as accounts payable and accrued liabilities, lease liabilities, current and deferred taxes, commitments to fund tax credit investments and other miscellaneous liabilities. The fair value of lease liabilities was measured using the present value of remaining lease payments, using BancShares’ discount rate at the merger date. The fair value of the remaining liabilities was determined to approximate book value. For all accrued liabilities and accounts payable, it was determined that the carrying value equals book value.
Unaudited Pro Forma Information
The amount of interest income, noninterest income and net income of $728 million, $607 million and $266 million, respectively, attributable to the acquisition of CIT were included in BancShares’ Consolidated Statement of Income for the six months ended June 30, 2022. CIT’s interest income, noninterest income and net income noted above reflect management’s best estimates, based on information available at the reporting date.

The following table presents certain unaudited pro forma financial information for illustrative purposes only, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 as if CIT had been acquired on January 1, 2021. The unaudited estimated pro forma information combines the historical results of CIT with the BancShares’ consolidated historical results and includes certain adjustments for the respective periods. The following key adjustments were made to reflect the pro forma results as if the CIT Merger was completed on January 1, 2021: (i) provision for credit losses of $513 million related to the Non-PCD loans and leases and unfunded commitments; (ii) merger and integration costs of $34 million and $169 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively; (iii) estimated purchase accounting adjustment (“PAA”) accretion and amortization related to fair value adjustments and intangibles associated with the CIT Merger; and (iv) $431 million preliminary gain on acquisition. BancShares expects to achieve operating cost savings and other business synergies as a result of the acquisition that are not reflected in the pro forma amounts that follow. The pro forma information should not be relied upon as being indicative of the historical results of operations that would have occurred had the acquisition taken place on January 1, 2021. Actual results may differ from the unaudited pro forma information presented below and the differences could be significant.

Selected Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information for Consolidated BancShares
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
dollars in millions2022202120222021
Interest income$758 $712 $1,468 $1,438 
Noninterest income425 498 843 1,499 
Net income282 355 617 772