Income Taxes

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019



	Six Months Ended June 30
	2019		2018
Effective tax rate on pre-tax income from continuing operations	24.0	%	21.2	%

The effective tax rate of 24.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 reflects a benefit of $3 million of discrete items associated with PPG's U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the effective tax rate was 21.2% inclusive of a $38 million benefit for discrete items. Income tax expense for the first six months of 2019 is based on an estimated annual effective rate, which requires management to make its best estimate of annual pretax income or loss.

During the year, PPG management regularly updates forecasted annual pretax results for the various countries in which PPG operates based on changes in factors such as prices, shipments, product mix, raw material inflation and manufacturing operations. To the extent that actual 2019 pretax results for U.S. and foreign income or loss vary from estimates, the actual Income tax expense recognized in 2019 could be different from the forecasted amount used to estimate the Income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2019.