Discontinued Operations

In March 2014, the Company completed the sale of its 51% ownership interest in its Transitions Optical joint venture and 100% of its optical sunlens business to Essilor. PPG received cash at closing of $1.735 billion pre-tax (approximately $1.5 billion after-tax). The cash consideration is subject to certain post-closing adjustments and transaction costs. The sale of these businesses, which were previously reported in the former Optical and Specialty Materials segment, resulted in a first quarter of 2014 pre-tax gain of $1,468 million ($946 million after-tax) reported in discontinued operations. During the first quarter of 2014, the Company recognized $522 million of tax expense on the sale, of which $262 million is deferred U.S. income tax on the foreign earnings of the sale, as PPG does not consider these earnings to be reinvested for an indefinite period of time. The pre-tax gain on this sale reflects the excess of the sum of the cash proceeds received over the net book value of the net assets of PPG's former Transitions Optical and sunlens business. The Company also incurred $55 million of pre-tax expense, primarily for professional services related to the sale, post-closing adjustments, costs and other contingencies under the terms of the agreements. The net gain on the sale includes these related losses and expenses.

The results of operations and cash flows of these businesses for the nine months ended September 30, 2014, and the net gain on the sale, are reported as results from discontinued operations for the nine months ending September 30, 2014. In prior periods presented, the results of operations and cash flows of these businesses were reclassified from continuing operations and presented as results from discontinued operations.

Essilor has also entered into multi-year agreements with PPG for the continued supply of photochromic materials and for research and development services for a period of 5 years, subject to renewal. PPG considered the significance of the revenues associated with the agreements compared to total operating revenues of the disposed businesses and determined that they were not significant.

Net sales and earnings from discontinued operations related to the Transitions Optical and sunlens transaction are presented in the table below for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2014 and 2013:



	Three Months Ended September 30						Nine Months Ended September 30
($ in millions)	2014			2013			2014			2013
Net sales	$	—		$	206		$	247		$	649
Income from operations	$	—		$	62		$	104		$	206
Net gain from divestiture of PPG's interest in the Transitions Optical joint venture and sunlens business	—			—			1,468			—
Income tax expense	(6		)	(20		)	(567		)	(60		)
(Loss)/income from discontinued operations, net of tax	(6		)	42			1,005			146
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests, discontinued operations	—			(26		)	(33		)	(79		)
Net (loss) income from discontinued operations (attributable to PPG)	$	(6	)	$	16		$	972		$	67

The major classes of assets and liabilities of the Transitions Optical and sunlens businesses included in the PPG balance sheet at December 31, 2013 were as follows:



	December 31,
($ in millions)	2013
Cash	$	154
Receivables	225
Inventory	68
Other current assets	13
Property, plant, and equipment	158
Goodwill	47
Other non-current assets	3
Total assets	$	668
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	(199		)
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt	(24		)
Accrued pensions	(1		)
Other long-term liabilities	(10		)
Noncontrolling interests	(167		)
Net assets	$	267

In January 2013, the Company completed the previously announced separation of its commodity chemicals business and merger of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Eagle Spinco Inc., with a subsidiary of Georgia Gulf Corporation in a tax efficient Reverse Morris Trust transaction (the “Transaction”). Pursuant to the merger, Eagle Spinco, the entity holding PPG's former commodity chemicals business, became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Georgia Gulf. The closing of the merger followed the expiration of the related exchange offer and the satisfaction of certain other conditions. The combined company formed by uniting Georgia Gulf with PPG's former commodity chemicals business is now named Axiall Corporation (“Axiall”). PPG holds no ownership interest in Axiall. PPG received the necessary ruling from the Internal Revenue Service and as a result this Transaction was generally tax free to PPG and its shareholders.

Under the terms of the exchange offer, 35,249,104 shares of Eagle Spinco common stock were available for distribution in exchange for shares of PPG common stock accepted in the offer. Following the merger, each share of Eagle Spinco common stock automatically converted into the right to receive one share of Axiall Corporation common stock. Accordingly, PPG shareholders who tendered their shares of PPG common stock as part of this offer received 3.2562 shares of Axiall common stock for each share of PPG common stock accepted for exchange. PPG was able to accept the maximum of 10,825,227 shares of PPG common stock for exchange in the offer, and thereby, reduced its outstanding shares by approximately 7%. The completion of this exchange offer was a non-cash financing transaction, which resulted in an increase in "Treasury stock" at a cost of $1.562 billion based on the PPG closing stock price on January 25, 2013.

Under the terms of the Transaction, PPG received $900 million of cash and 35.2 million shares of Axiall common stock (market value of $1.8 billion on January 25, 2013) which was distributed to PPG shareholders by the exchange offer as described above. In addition, PPG received $67 million in cash for a preliminary post-closing working capital adjustment under the terms of the Transaction agreements. The net assets transferred to Axiall included $27 million of cash on the books of the business transferred. In the Transaction, PPG transferred environmental remediation liabilities, defined benefit pension plan assets and liabilities and other post-employment benefit liabilities related to the commodity chemicals business to Axiall.

During the first quarter of 2013, PPG recorded a gain of $2.2 billion on the Transaction reflecting the excess of the sum of the cash proceeds received and the cost (closing stock price on January 25, 2013) of the PPG shares tendered and accepted in the exchange for the 35.2 million shares of Axiall common stock over the net book value of the net assets of PPG's former commodity chemicals business. The Transaction resulted in a net partial settlement loss of $33 million associated with the spin out and termination of defined benefit pension liabilities and the transfer of other post-retirement benefit liabilities under the terms of the Transaction. The Company also incurred $14 million of pre-tax expense, primarily for professional services related to the Transaction during the 2013 as well as approximately $2 million of net expense related to certain retained obligations and post closing adjustments under the terms of the Transaction agreements. The net gain on the Transaction includes these related losses and expenses.

The results of operations and cash flows of PPG's former commodity chemicals business for January 2013 and the net gain on the Transaction are reported as results from discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2013.

PPG will continue to provide Axiall with certain transition services for up to 24 months following the closing date of the Transaction. These services include logistics, purchasing, finance, information technology, human resources, tax and payroll processing.

Net sales and earnings from discontinued operations are presented in the table below for the nine months ended September 30, 2013:



	Nine Months Ended September 30
($ in millions)	2013
Net sales	$	108
Income from operations	—
Net gain from separation and merger of commodity chemicals business	2,192
Income tax expense	5
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax	$	2,197
Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests, discontinued operations	—
Net income from discontinued operations (attributable to PPG)	$	2,197