10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

☑ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2019

or 

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to ____________

Commission File Number 001-35624

INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

	North Dakota				45-0311232
	(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)				(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1400 31st Avenue SW	Suite 60	Post Office Box 1988	Minot	ND	58702-1988
(Address of principal executive offices)					(Zip code)

(701) 837-4738

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to the filing requirements for at least the past 90 days.

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer	☑	Accelerated filer	☐	Non-accelerated filer	☐
Smaller Reporting Company	☐	Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☑

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, no par value	IRET	New York Stock Exchange
Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares	IRET-C	New York Stock Exchange

The number of common shares of beneficial interest outstanding as of July 31, 2019, was 11,624,590.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements - Second Quarter - 2019:	3
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) For the Three and Six Months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) For the Three and Six Months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity (unaudited) For the Three and Six Months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) For the Six Months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018	8
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	9
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	33
Item 4. Controls and Procedures	34
Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings	35
Item 1A. Risk Factors	35
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	35
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	35
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	35
Item 5. Other Information	35
Item 6. Exhibits	36
Signatures	37

2

PART I

Item 1. Financial Statements.

INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)

	(in thousands, except per share data)
	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
ASSETS
Real estate investments
Property owned	$	1,663,539		$	1,627,636
Less accumulated depreciation	(380,321		)	(353,871		)
	1,283,218			1,273,765
Unimproved land	1,746			5,301
Mortgage loans receivable	10,140			10,410
Total real estate investments	1,295,104			1,289,476
Cash and cash equivalents	17,406			13,792
Restricted cash	4,672			5,464
Other assets	30,626			27,265
TOTAL ASSETS	$	1,347,808		$	1,335,997
LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY, AND EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	44,766		$	40,892
Revolving lines of credit	177,939			57,500
Term loans, net of unamortized loan costs of $918 and $1,009, respectively	144,082			143,991
Mortgages payable, net of unamortized loan costs of $1,490 and $1,777, respectively	370,461			444,197
TOTAL LIABILITIES	$	737,248		$	686,580
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 6)
REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS – CONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE ENTITIES	—			$	5,968
SERIES D PREFERRED UNITS (Cumulative convertible preferred units, $100 par value, 166 units issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and no units issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018, aggregate liquidation preference of $16,560)	$	16,560		—
EQUITY
Series C Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest (Cumulative redeemable preferred shares, no par value, $25 per share liquidation preference, 4,118 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, aggregate liquidation preference of $102,971)	99,456			99,456
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest (Unlimited authorization, no par value, 11,656 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and 11,942 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018)	888,541			899,234
Accumulated distributions in excess of net income	(450,433		)	(429,048		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(7,598		)	(856		)
Total shareholders’ equity	$	529,966		$	568,786
Noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership (1,224 units at June 30, 2019 and 1,368 units at December 31, 2018)	57,902			67,916
Noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	6,132			6,747
Total equity	$	594,000		$	643,449
TOTAL LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY, AND EQUITY	$	1,347,808		$	1,335,997

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

3

INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited)

	(in thousands, except per share data)
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
REVENUE	$	46,934		$	46,197		$	92,542		$	89,232
EXPENSES
Property operating expenses, excluding real estate taxes	13,942			13,934			28,746			28,180
Real estate taxes	5,574			5,003			10,806			10,024
Property management expense	1,445			1,444			2,999			2,821
Casualty loss	92			—			733			50
Depreciation and amortization	18,437			19,132			36,548			39,648
Impairment of real estate investments	—			17,809			—			17,809
General and administrative expenses	3,549			4,348			7,355			7,967
TOTAL EXPENSES	$	43,039		$	61,670		$	87,187		$	106,499
Operating income (loss)	3,895			(15,473		)	5,355			(17,267		)
Interest expense	(7,590		)	(8,562		)	(15,486		)	(16,858		)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(407		)	(12		)	(409		)	(133		)
Interest income	402			429			809			1,102
Other income	66			31			83			47
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments, gain (loss) on litigation settlement, and income (loss) from discontinued operations	(3,634		)	(23,587		)	(9,648		)	(33,109		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments	615			—			669			2,304
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement	6,286			—			6,286			—
Income (loss) from continuing operations	3,267			(23,587		)	(2,693		)	(30,805		)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	—			238			—			14,120
NET INCOME (LOSS)	$	3,267		$	(23,349	)	$	(2,693	)	$	(16,685	)
Dividends to preferred unitholders	(160		)	—			(217		)	—
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	(148		)	2,580			595			2,000
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	154			595			730			1,115
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	3,113			(20,174		)	(1,585		)	(13,570		)
Dividends to preferred shareholders	(1,706		)	(1,706		)	(3,411		)	(3,411		)
NET INCOME (LOSS) AVAILABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS	$	1,407		$	(21,880	)	$	(4,996	)	$	(16,981	)
Earnings (loss) per common share from continuing operations – basic and diluted	$	0.11		$	(1.85	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(2.48	)
Earnings (loss) per common share from discontinued operations – basic and diluted	—			0.02			—			1.06
NET EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE – BASIC & DILUTED	$	0.11		$	(1.83	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(1.42	)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

4

INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)

	(in thousands)
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
Net income (loss)	$	3,267		$	(23,349	)	$	(2,693	)	$	(16,685	)
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gain (loss) from derivative instrument	(4,430		)	438			(6,712		)	2,158
(Gain) loss on derivative instrument reclassified into earnings	(29		)	27			(30		)	129
Total comprehensive income (loss)	$	(1,192	)	$	(22,884	)	$	(9,435	)	$	(14,398	)
Net comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	275			2,531			1,255			1,759
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	154			595			730			1,115
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	$	(763	)	$	(19,758	)	$	(7,450	)	$	(11,524	)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

5

INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (unaudited)

	(in thousands, except per share data)
	PREFERRED SHARES		NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES		COMMON SHARES			ACCUMULATED DISTRIBUTIONS IN EXCESS OF NET INCOME			ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME			NONREDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS			TOTAL EQUITY
Balance December 31, 2017	$	99,456	12,004		$	902,305		$	(374,365	)	$	(539	)	$	87,186		$	714,043
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests								(13,570		)				(2,728		)	(16,298		)
Change in fair value of derivatives											2,287						2,287
Distributions - common shares and units ($1.40 per share and unit)								(16,763		)				(1,977		)	(18,740		)
Distributions – Series C preferred shares ($0.8281 per Series C share)								(3,411		)							(3,411		)
Shares issued and share-based compensation			5		611												611
Redemption of units for common shares			3		34									(34		)	—
Redemption of units for cash														(2,747		)	(2,747		)
Shares repurchased			(67	)	(3,415		)										(3,415		)
Cumulative adjustment upon adoption of ASC 606 and ASC 610-20								627									627
Other			(6	)	(55		)							(519		)	(574		)
Balance June 30, 2018	$	99,456	11,939		$	899,480		$	(407,482	)	$	1,748		$	79,181		$	672,383
Balance December 31, 2018	$	99,456	11,942		$	899,234		$	(429,048	)	$	(856	)	$	74,663		$	643,449
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests								(1,585		)				(1,151		)	(2,736		)
Change in fair value of derivatives											(6,742		)				(6,742		)
Distributions – common shares and units ($1.40 per share and unit)								(16,389		)				(1,816		)	(18,205		)
Distributions – Series C preferred shares ($0.8281 per Series C share)								(3,411		)							(3,411		)
Shares issued and share-based compensation			3		981												981
Redemption of units for common shares			8		(521		)							521			—
Redemption of units for cash														(8,124		)	(8,124		)
Shares repurchased			(290	)	(15,677		)										(15,677		)
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interests					4,529												4,529
Other			(7	)	(5		)							(59		)	(64		)
Balance June 30, 2019	$	99,456	11,656		$	888,541		$	(450,433	)	$	(7,598	)	$	64,034		$	594,000

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

6

INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (unaudited)

	(in thousands, except per share data)
	PREFERRED SHARES		NUMBER OF COMMON SHARES		COMMON SHARES			ACCUMULATED DISTRIBUTIONS IN EXCESS OF NET INCOME			ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME			NONREDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS			TOTAL EQUITY
Balance March 31, 2018	$	99,456	11,979		$	901,312		$	(377,871	)	$	1,283		$	84,287		$	708,467
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests								(20,174		)				(3,009		)	(23,183		)
Change in fair value of derivatives											465						465
Distributions - common shares and units ($0.70 per share and unit)								(8,358		)				(987		)	(9,345		)
Distributions – Series C preferred shares ($0.4140625 per Series C share)								(1,706		)							(1,706		)
Shares issued and share-based compensation			3		187												187
Redemption of units for cash														(510		)	(510		)
Shares repurchased			(37	)	(1,973		)										(1,973		)
Cumulative adjustment upon adoption of ASC 606 and ASC 610-20								627									627
Other			(6	)	(46		)							(600		)	(646		)
Balance June 30, 2018	$	99,456	11,939		$	899,480		$	(407,482	)	$	1,748		$	79,181		$	672,383
Balance March 31, 2019	$	99,456	11,768		$	895,381		$	(443,661	)	$	(3,139	)	$	72,355		$	620,392
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests								3,113						(6		)	3,107
Change in fair value of derivatives											(4,459		)				(4,459		)
Distributions – common shares and units ($0.70 per share and unit)								(8,179		)				(859		)	(9,038		)
Distributions – Series C preferred shares ($0.4140625 per Series C share)								(1,706		)							(1,706		)
Shares issued and share-based compensation			3		565												565
Redemption of units for common shares			8		(521		)							521			—
Redemption of units for cash														(7,968		)	(7,968		)
Shares repurchased			(116	)	(6,863		)										(6,863		)
Other			(7	)	(21		)							(9		)	(30		)
Balance June 30, 2019	$	99,456	11,656		$	888,541		$	(450,433	)	$	(7,598	)	$	64,034		$	594,000

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

7

INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

	(in thousands)
	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)	$	(2,693	)	$	(16,685	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization, including amortization of capitalized loan costs	37,136			40,345
(Gain) loss on sale of real estate, other investments, and discontinued operations	(669		)	(16,133		)
(Gain) loss on litigation settlement	(2,286		)	—
Share-based compensation expense	981			611
Impairment of real estate investments	—			17,809
Other, net	1,350			1,255
Changes in other assets and liabilities:
Other assets	(1,745		)	4,741
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(3,468		)	(2,789		)
Net cash provided by (used by) operating activities	$	28,606		$	29,154
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Increase in notes receivable	(159		)	(7,509		)
Proceeds from sale of real estate and other investments	9,882			34,831
Payments for acquisitions of real estate assets	(29,918		)	(129,737		)
Payments for improvements of real estate assets	(6,317		)	(7,747		)
Other investing activities	282			690
Net cash provided by (used by) investing activities	$	(26,230	)	$	(109,472	)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Principal payments on mortgages payable	(74,614		)	(60,757		)
Proceeds from revolving lines of credit	146,439			99,000
Principal payments on revolving lines of credit	(26,000		)	(169,000		)
Principal payments on construction debt	—			(21,689		)
Payments for acquisition of noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	(1,260		)	—
Repurchase of common shares	(15,677		)	(3,415		)
Repurchase of partnership units	(8,124		)	(2,747		)
Distributions paid to common shareholders	(16,583		)	(16,764		)
Distributions paid to preferred shareholders	(1,705		)	(3,410		)
Distributions paid to preferred unitholders	(57		)	—
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests – Unitholders of the Operating Partnership	(1,914		)	(1,977		)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	(59		)	(244		)
Net cash provided by (used by) financing activities	$	446		$	(181,003	)
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH	2,822			(261,321		)
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD	19,256			286,226
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF PERIOD	$	22,078		$	24,905

SUPPLEMENTARY SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Accrued capital expenditures	$	499	$	1,569
Distributions declared but not paid to common shareholders	9,038		8,358
Distributions declared but not paid to preferred shareholders	1,706		1,706
Distributions declared but not paid to preferred unitholders	160		—
Gain on litigation settlement	2,286		—
Property acquired through issuance of Series D preferred units	16,560		—
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid for interest	$	15,044	$	15,367

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

8

INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018

NOTE 1 • ORGANIZATION 

Investors Real Estate Trust, collectively with our consolidated subsidiaries (“IRET,” “we,” “us,” or “our”), is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) focused on the ownership, management, acquisition, redevelopment, and development of apartment communities, primarily in Midwest markets. As of June 30, 2019, we owned interests in 88 apartment communities consisting of 13,975 apartment homes.

NOTE 2 • BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

We conduct a majority of our business activities through our consolidated operating partnership, IRET Properties, A North Dakota Limited Partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), as well as through a number of other consolidated subsidiary entities. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of all our subsidiaries in which we maintain a controlling interest, including the Operating Partnership. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. On September 20, 2018, our Board of Trustees approved a change in our fiscal year-end from April 30 to December 31, beginning on January 1, 2019. We filed a transition report on Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018, in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. Beginning on January 1, 2019, all fiscal years will be from January 1 to December 31.

On December 14, 2018, the Board approved a reverse stock split of our outstanding common shares, no par value per share, and limited partnership units ("Units") at a ratio of 1-for-10. The reverse stock split was effective as of the close of trading on December 27, 2018, with trade commencing on a split-adjusted basis on December 28, 2018. We have adjusted all shares and Units and per share and Unit data for all periods presented.

The condensed consolidated financial statements also reflect the Operating Partnership's ownership of certain joint venture entities in which the Operating Partnership has a general partner or controlling interest. These entities are consolidated into our operations, with noncontrolling interests reflecting the noncontrolling partners’ share of ownership, income, and expenses.

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, certain disclosures accompanying annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP are omitted. The year-end balance sheet data was derived from audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods, have been included.

The current period’s results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results which ultimately may be achieved for the year. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the SEC on February 27, 2019.

USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

The following table provides a brief description of recent accounting standards updates (“ASUs”).

9

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2016-02, Leases; ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; ASU 2018-11, Leases: Targeted Improvements; ASU 2018-20, Leases (Topic 842) - Narrow-Scope Improvements for Leases	These ASUs amend existing accounting standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet and making certain changes to lessor accounting.	These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. We adopted these standards using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2019.	Our residential leases, where we are the lessor, will continue to be accounted for as operating leases under the new standards. As a result of adopting these standards, there were no significant changes in the accounting for lease revenue. For leases where we are the lessee, we recognized a right of use asset and lease liability of $889,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. There are also additional disclosures required under the new standard. Refer to the Leases section below for more information regarding the impact of adopting the standards on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments; ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326; ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Targeted Transition Relief	These ASUs require entities to estimate a lifetime expected credit loss for most financial assets, such as loans and other financial instruments, and to present the net amount expected to be collected. In 2018, another ASU was issued to amend ASU 2016-13, which clarifies that it does not apply to operating lease receivables. In 2019, an additional ASU was issued to provide transition relief in which an entity is allowed to elect the fair value option on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon adoption of Topic 326.	These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standards will have on our mortgage and note receivables.
ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirement for Fair Value Measurements	This ASU eliminates certain disclosure requirements affecting all levels of measurement, and modifies and adds new disclosure requirements for Level 3 measurements.	This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standard may have on our disclosures.
ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Topic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract	This ASU reduces the complexity for the accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement. The standard aligns various requirements for capitalizing implementation costs.	This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842) - Codification Improvements	This ASU provides clarification on various lease related issues and provides for reduced transition disclosure requirements.	This ASU has two effective dates. The various lease issues are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The transition disclosures are effective with the ASU 2016-02, Leases. We adopted this standard using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2019.	The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Refer to the Leases section below for transition disclosures.

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CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH

	(in thousands)
Balance sheet description	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	17,406	$	20,451
Restricted cash	4,672		4,454
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	22,078	$	24,905

As of June 30, 2019, restricted cash consisted primarily of loan application deposits and escrows held by lenders for real estate taxes, insurance, and capital additions.

LEASES

Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASUs 2016-02, 2018-10, 2018-11, 2018-20, and 2019-01 related to leases using the modified retrospective approach. We elected to adopt the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which permits us to not reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, classification, and initial direct costs under the new standard, and the practical expedient related to land easements, which allows us to not evaluate existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for under ASC 840. We made an accounting policy election to exclude leases in which we are a lessee with a term of 12 months or less from the balance sheet.

As a lessor, we primarily lease multifamily apartment homes which qualify as operating leases with terms that are generally one year or less. Rental revenues are recognized in accordance with ASC 842, Leases, using a method that represents a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rental income represents approximately 98.0% of our total revenues and includes gross market rent less adjustments for concessions, vacancy loss, and bad debt. Other property revenues represent the remaining 2.0% of our total revenues and are primarily driven by other fee income, which is typically recognized at a point in time.

Some of our apartment communities have commercial spaces available for lease. Lease terms for these spaces typically range from three to fifteen years. The leases for commercial spaces generally include options to extend the lease for additional terms.

Many of our leases contain non-lease components for utility reimbursement from our residents and common area maintenance from our commercial tenants. We have elected the practical expedient to combine lease and non-lease components for all asset classes. The combined components are included in lease income and are accounted for under ASC 842.

The aggregate amount of future scheduled lease income on our operating leases for commercial spaces, excluding any variable lease income and non-lease components, as of June 30, 2019, was as follows:

	(in thousands)
2019 (remainder)	$	1,672
2020	3,014
2021	3,017
2022	3,021
2023	2,895
Thereafter	7,501
Total scheduled lease income - operating leases	$	21,120

REVENUES

We adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach. We elected to apply the new standard to contracts that were not complete as of May 1, 2018. We also elected to omit disclosing the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. Under the new standard, revenue is recognized in accordance with the transfer of goods and services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled for those goods and services.

Revenue streams that are included in ASU 2014-09 include:

• Other property revenues: We recognize revenue for rental related income not included as a component of a lease, such as application fees, as earned, and have concluded that this is appropriate under the new standard.

• Gains or losses on sales of real estate: Subsequent to the adoption of the new standard, a gain or loss is recognized when the criteria for derecognition of an asset are met, including when (1) a contract exists and (2) the buyer obtained

11

control of the nonfinancial asset that was sold. As a result, we may recognize a gain on real estate disposition transactions that previously did not qualify as a sale or for full profit recognition under the previous accounting standard.

The following table presents the disaggregation of revenue streams for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019:

		(in thousands)
		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenue Stream	Applicable Standard	2019		2018		2019		2018
Fixed lease income - operating leases	Leases	$	44,342	$	43,193	$	88,084	$	83,314
Variable lease income - operating leases	Leases	1,548		—		2,632		—
Non-lease components	Revenue from contracts with customers	—		1,335		—		2,546
Other property revenue	Revenue from contracts with customers	1,044		1,669		1,826		3,372
Total revenue		$	46,934	$	46,197	$	92,542	$	89,232

IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS

We periodically evaluate our long-lived assets, including investments in real estate, for impairment indicators. The impairment evaluation is performed on assets by property such that assets for a property form an asset group. The judgments regarding the existence of impairment indicators are based on factors such as operational performance, market conditions, expected holding period of each asset group, and legal and environmental concerns. If indicators exist, we compare the expected future undiscounted cash flows for the long-lived asset group against the carrying amount of that asset group. If the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset group, an impairment loss is recorded for the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying amount of the asset group. If our anticipated holding period for properties, the estimated fair value of properties, or other factors change based on market conditions or otherwise, our evaluation of impairment charges may be different and such differences could be material to our consolidated financial statements. The evaluation of anticipated cash flows is subjective and is based, in part, on assumptions regarding future occupancy, rental rates, and capital requirements that could differ materially from actual results. Reducing planned property holding periods may increase the likelihood of recording impairment losses.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded no impairment charges. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized $17.8 million of impairment charges on one apartment community, three commercial properties, and three parcels of land. We recognized impairments of $12.2 million on one apartment community in Grand Forks, North Dakota; $1.4 million on an industrial property in Bloomington, Minnesota; $922,000 on an industrial property in Woodbury, Minnesota; and $630,000 on a retail property in Minot, North Dakota. These properties were written-down to estimated fair value based on independent appraisals and market data or, in the case of the retail property, receipt of a market offer to purchase and our intent to dispose of the property. We recognized impairments of $428,000 on a parcel of land in Williston, North Dakota; $1.5 million on a parcel of land in Grand Forks, North Dakota; and $709,000 on a parcel of land in Bismarck, North Dakota. These parcels were written down to estimated fair value based on independent appraisals and market data.

MORTGAGE RECEIVABLE AND NOTES RECEIVABLE

In August 2017, we sold 13 multifamily communities in exchange for cash and an $11.0 million note secured by a mortgage on the assets. As of June 30, 2019, the balance of the note was $10.1 million, with 12 communities remaining in the pool of assets used to secure the mortgage. The note bears an interest rate of 5.5% and matures in August 2020. Monthly payments are interest-only, with the principal balance payable at maturity. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we received and recognized approximately $285,000 and $305,000 of interest income, respectively.

In July 2017, we originated a $16.2 million loan in a multifamily development located in New Hope, MN, a Minneapolis suburb. As of July 31, 2018, we had funded the full initial loan balance, which appears in other assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; however, we may fund additional amounts upon satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the loan agreement. As of June 30, 2019, the balance of the note was $16.6 million. The note bears an interest rate of 6.0%, matures in July 2023, and provides us an option to purchase the development prior to the loan maturity date.

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VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

We have determined that our Operating Partnership and each of our less-than-wholly owned real estate partnerships is a variable interest entity (“VIE”), as the limited partners or the functional equivalent of limited partners lack substantive kick-out rights and substantive participating rights. We are the primary beneficiary of the VIEs, and the VIEs are required to be consolidated on our balance sheet because we have a controlling financial interest in the VIEs and have both the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIEs as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIEs that could potentially be significant to the VIEs. Because our Operating Partnership is a VIE, all of our assets and liabilities are held through a VIE.

GAIN ON LITIGATION SETTLEMENT

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded a gain on litigation settlement of $6.3 million from the settlement on a construction defect claim. The gain consisted of $4.0 million of cash received, $937,000 of cash receivable, and $1.4 million of liabilities waived under the terms of the settlement.

NOTE 3 • EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of our common shares of beneficial interest (“common shares”) outstanding during the period. We have issued restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under our 2015 Incentive Plan and Series D Convertible Preferred Units ("Series D preferred units"), which could have a dilutive effect on our earnings per share upon exercise of the RSUs or upon conversion of the Series D preferred units (refer to Note 4 for further discussion of the Series D preferred units). Other than the issuance of RSUs and Series D preferred units, we have no outstanding options, warrants, convertible stock or other contractual obligations requiring issuance of additional shares that would result in dilution of earnings. Under the terms of the Operating Partnership’s Agreement of Limited Partnership, limited partners have the right to require the Operating Partnership to redeem their limited partnership units (“Units”) any time following the first anniversary of the date they acquired such Units (“Exchange Right”). Upon the exercise of Exchange Rights, and in our sole discretion, we may issue common shares in exchange for Units on a one-for-one basis.

Performance-based restricted stock awards and RSUs of 37,625 and 9,858 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 37,625 and 9,858, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the assumed proceeds per share plus the average unearned compensation were greater than the average market price of the common stock for the periods presented and, therefore, were anti-dilutive.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:  

	(in thousands, except per share data)
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
NUMERATOR
Income (loss) from continuing operations – controlling interests	$	3,113		$	(20,386	)	$	(1,585	)	$	(26,200	)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations – controlling interests	—			212			—			12,630
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	3,113			(20,174		)	(1,585		)	(13,570		)
Dividends to preferred shareholders	(1,706		)	(1,706		)	(3,411		)	(3,411		)
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share – net income available to common shareholders	1,407			(21,880		)	(4,996		)	(16,981		)
Noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	148			(2,580		)	(595		)	(2,000		)
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	1,555		$	(24,460	)	$	(5,591	)	$	(18,981	)
DENOMINATOR
Denominator for basic earnings per share weighted average shares	11,729			11,928			11,746			11,950
Effect of redeemable operating partnership units	1,226			1,407			1,306			1,416
Denominator for diluted earnings per share	12,955			13,335			13,052			13,366
Earnings (loss) per common share from continuing operations – basic and diluted	$	0.11		$	(1.85	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(2.48	)
Earnings (loss) per common share from discontinued operations – basic and diluted	—			0.02			—			1.06
NET EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE – BASIC & DILUTED	$	0.11		$	(1.83	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(1.42	)

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NOTE 4 • EQUITY AND MEZZANINE EQUITY

Operating Partnership Units. The Operating Partnership had 1.2 million and 1.4 million outstanding Units at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Common Shares and Equity Awards. Common shares outstanding on June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, totaled 11.7 million and 11.9 million, respectively. There were 6,511 shares issued upon the vesting of equity awards under our 2015 Incentive Plan during the three months ended June 30, 2019, with a total grant-date fair value of $447,000. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we issued 6,718 shares, with a total grant-date fair value $457,000. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, we issued 5,142 shares, with a total grant-date fair value of $350,000 and 6,226 shares, with a total grant-date fair value of $412,000, respectively, under our 2015 Incentive Plan. These shares vest based on performance and service criteria.

Exchange Rights. Pursuant to the exercise of Exchange Rights, we redeemed Units during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 as detailed in the table below.

	(in thousands, except per Unit amounts)
Three Months Ended June 30,	Number of Units	Aggregate Cost(1)		Average Price Per Unit
2019	133	$	7,968	$	60.01
2018	10	$	510	$	52.72
Six Months Ended June 30,
2019	135	$	8,118	$	60.00
2018	49	$	2,747	$	55.84

(1) The redemption price is determined using the volume weighted average price for the ten trading days prior to the date a unitholder provides notification of their intent to redeem units.

We also redeemed Units in exchange for common shares in connection with Unitholders exercising their Exchange Rights during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 as detailed in the table below.

	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30,	Number of Units	Total Book Value
2019	8	$	521
2018	—	—
Six Months Ended June 30,
2019	8	$	521
2018	3	$	34

Share Repurchase Program. On December 14, 2018, our Board of Trustees reauthorized our $50 million share repurchase program for an additional one-year period. Under this program, we may repurchase common shares in open-market purchases, including pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 plans, as determined by management and in accordance with the requirements of the SEC. The extent to which we repurchase our shares, and the timing of repurchases, will depend on a variety of factors, including market conditions, regulatory requirements, and other corporate considerations, as determined by the executive management team. This program may be suspended or discontinued at any time. As of June 30, 2019, $17.7 million remained available under our $50 million authorized share repurchase program. Common shares repurchased during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are detailed in the table below.

	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months Ended June 30,	Number of Shares	Aggregate Cost(1)		Average Price Per Share(1)
2019	116	$	6,862	$	59.12
2018	38	$	1,972	$	52.23
Six Months Ended June 30,
2019	290	$	15,667	$	54.03
2018	67	$	3,415	$	51.26

(1) Amount includes commissions.

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Series C Preferred Shares. Series C preferred shares outstanding were 4.1 million shares at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The Series C preferred shares are nonvoting and redeemable for cash at $25.00 per share at our option after October 2, 2022. Holders of these shares are entitled to cumulative distributions, payable quarterly (as and if declared by the Board of Trustees). Distributions accrue at an annual rate of $1.65625 per share, which is equal to 6.625% of the $25.00 per share liquidation preference ($103.0 million liquidation preference in the aggregate).

Series D Preferred Units (Mezzanine Equity). On February 26, 2019, we issued 165,600 newly created Series D preferred units at an issuance price of $100 per preferred unit as partial consideration for the acquisition of SouthFork Townhomes. The Series D preferred unit holders receive a preferred distribution at the rate of 3.862% per year. The Series D preferred units have a put option which allows the holder to redeem any or all of the Series D preferred units for cash equal to the issue price. Each Series D preferred unit is convertible, at the holder's option, into 1.37931 Units, representing a conversion exchange rate of $72.50 per unit.  The holders of the Series D preferred units do not have any voting rights.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (Mezzanine Equity). Redeemable noncontrolling interests on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets represent the noncontrolling interest in joint ventures in which our unaffiliated partner, at its election, could require us to buy its interest at a purchase price to be determined by an appraisal conducted in accordance with the terms of the agreement, or at a negotiated price. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we acquired the remaining 34.5% noncontrolling interests in the real estate partnership that owns Commons and Landing at Southgate for $1.3 million. Below is a table reflecting the activity of the redeemable noncontrolling interests for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

	(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	5,968
Net income	(174		)
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interests	(5,794		)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	—

NOTE 5 • SEGMENT REPORTING 

We operate in a single reportable segment which includes the ownership, management, development, redevelopment, and acquisition of apartment communities. Each of our operating properties is considered a separate operating segment because each property earns revenues, incurs expenses, and has discrete financial information. Our chief operating decision-makers evaluate each property's operating results to make decisions about resources to be allocated and to assess performance. We do not group our operations based on geography, size, or type. Our apartment communities have similar long-term economic characteristics and provide similar products and services to our residents. No apartment community comprises more than 10% of consolidated revenues, profits, or assets. Accordingly, our apartment communities are aggregated into a single reportable segment.

Our executive management team comprises our chief operating decision-makers. This team measures the performance of our reportable segment based on net operating income (“NOI”), which we define as total real estate revenues less property operating expenses, including real estate taxes. We believe that NOI is an important supplemental measure of operating performance for real estate because it provides a measure of operations that is unaffected by depreciation, amortization, financing, property management overhead, casualty losses, and general and administrative expense. NOI does not represent cash generated by operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered an alternative to net income, net income available for common shareholders, or cash flow from operating activities as a measure of financial performance.

The following tables present NOI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, along with reconciliations to net income in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Segment assets are also reconciled to total assets as reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

15

	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Revenue	$	45,945	$	989	$	46,934
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes	19,111		405		19,516
Net operating income	$	26,834	$	584	$	27,418
Property management					(1,445		)
Casualty gain (loss)					(92		)
Depreciation and amortization					(18,437		)
General and administrative expenses					(3,549		)
Interest expense					(7,590		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(407		)
Interest and other income					468
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments and gain (loss) on litigation settlement					(3,634		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments					615
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement					6,286
Net income (loss)					$	3,267

	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Revenue	$	43,149	$	3,048	$	46,197
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes	17,826		1,111		18,937
Net operating income	$	25,323	$	1,937	$	27,260
Property management					(1,444		)
Depreciation and amortization					(19,132		)
Loss on impairment					(17,809		)
General and administrative expenses					(4,348		)
Interest expense					(8,562		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(12		)
Interest and other income					460
Income (loss) from continuing operations					(23,587		)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations					238
Net income (loss)					$	(23,349	)

	(in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Real estate revenue	$	90,759	$	1,783	$	92,542
Real estate expenses	38,799		753		39,552
Net operating income	$	51,960	$	1,030	$	52,990
Property management expenses					(2,999		)
Casualty gain (loss)					(733		)
Depreciation and amortization					(36,548		)
General and administrative expenses					(7,355		)
Interest expense					(15,486		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(409		)
Interest and other income					892
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments and gain (loss) on litigation settlement					(9,648		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments					669
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement					6,286
Net income (loss)					$	(2,693	)

16

	(in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Real estate revenue	$	83,203	$	6,029	$	89,232
Real estate expenses	35,954		2,250		38,204
Net operating income	$	47,249	$	3,779	$	51,028
Property management expenses					(2,821		)
Casualty gain (loss)					(50		)
Depreciation and amortization					(39,648		)
Impairment of real estate investments					(17,809		)
General and administrative expenses					(7,967		)
Interest expense					(16,858		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(133		)
Interest and other income					1,149
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments and income (loss) from discontinued operations					(33,109		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments					2,304
Income (loss) from continuing operations					(30,805		)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations					14,120
Net income (loss)					$	(16,685	)

Segment Assets and Accumulated Depreciation

Segment assets are summarized as follows as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, along with reconciliations to the condensed consolidated financial statements:

	(in thousands)
As of June 30, 2019	Multifamily			All Other			Total
Segment assets
Property owned	$	1,628,133		$	35,406		$	1,663,539
Less accumulated depreciation	(371,213		)	(9,108		)	(380,321		)
Total property owned	$	1,256,920		$	26,298		$	1,283,218
Cash and cash equivalents							17,406
Restricted cash							4,672
Other assets							30,626
Unimproved land							1,746
Mortgage loans receivable							10,140
Total Assets							$	1,347,808

	(in thousands)
As of December 31, 2018	Multifamily			All Other			Total
Segment assets
Property owned	$	1,582,917		$	44,719		$	1,627,636
Less accumulated depreciation	(340,081		)	(13,790		)	(353,871		)
Total property owned	$	1,242,836		$	30,929		$	1,273,765
Cash and cash equivalents							13,792
Restricted cash							5,464
Other assets							27,265
Unimproved land							5,301
Mortgage loans receivable							10,410
Total Assets							$	1,335,997

NOTE 6 • COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation.  In the ordinary course of our operations, we become involved in litigation. At this time, we know of no material pending or threatened legal proceedings, or other proceedings contemplated by governmental authorities, that would have a material impact on us.

17

Environmental Matters.  Under various federal, state, and local laws, ordinances, and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real estate may be liable for the costs of removal of, or remediation of, certain hazardous or toxic substances in, on, around, or under the property. While we currently have no knowledge of any material violation of environmental laws, ordinances, or regulations at any of our properties, there can be no assurance that areas of contamination will not be identified at any of our properties or that changes in environmental laws, regulations, or cleanup requirements would not result in material costs to us.

Restrictions on Taxable Dispositions.  Twenty-five of our properties, consisting of 4,372 apartment homes, are subject to restrictions on taxable dispositions under agreements entered into with some of the sellers or contributors of the properties and are effective for varying periods. We do not believe that the agreements materially affect the conduct of our business or our decisions whether to dispose of restricted properties during the restriction period because we generally hold these and our other properties for investment purposes rather than for sale. In addition, where we deem it to be in our shareholders' best interests to dispose of such properties, we generally seek to structure sales of such properties as tax deferred transactions under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"). Otherwise, we may be required to provide tax indemnification payments to the parties to these agreements.

NOTE 7 • DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

We report in discontinued operations the results of operations and the related gains or losses on the sales of properties that have either been disposed of or classified as held for sale and meet the classification of a discontinued operation as described in ASC 205, "Presentation of Financial Statements," and ASC 360, "Property, Plant, and Equipment: Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity." Under this standard, a disposal (or classification as held for sale) of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity is required to be reported in discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results.

We classified no new dispositions or properties held for sale as discontinued operations during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

The following information shows the effect on net income and the gains or losses from the sales of properties classified as discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively:

	(in thousands)
	Three Months Ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019	2018		2019	2018
REVENUE	—	$	157	—	$	353
EXPENSES
Property operating expenses, excluding real estate taxes	—	18		—	25
Real estate taxes	—	—		—	35
Depreciation and amortization	—	—		—	2
General and administrative	—	9		—	14
TOTAL EXPENSES	—	$	27	—	$	76
Operating income (loss)	—	130		—	277
Interest expense	—	—		—	(1		)
Other income	—	10		—	14
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations	—	140		—	290
Gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations	—	98		—	13,830
INCOME (LOSS) FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS	—	$	238	—	$	14,120

NOTE 8 • ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS

ACQUISITIONS

We added $2.1 million of new real estate to our portfolio during the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to no acquisitions in the three months ended June 30, 2018. Our acquisitions during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are detailed below.

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

	Date Acquired	(in thousands)
		Total Acquisition Cost		Form of Consideration				Investment Allocation
Acquisitions				Cash		Units(1)		Land		Building		Intangible Assets
Multifamily
272 homes - SouthFork Townhomes- Lakeville, MN	February 26, 2019	$	44,000	$	27,440	$	16,560	$	3,502	$	39,950	$	548
Other
Minot 3100 10th St SW - Minot, ND(2)	May 23, 2019	2,112		2,112		—		246		1,866		—
Total Acquisitions		$	46,112	$	29,552	$	16,560	$	3,748	$	41,816	$	548

(1) Value of Series D preferred units at the acquisition date.

(2) Acquired for use as our new Minot corporate office building after renovations have been completed.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

	Date Acquired	(in thousands)
		Total Acquisition Cost(1)		Investment Allocation
Acquisitions				Land		Building		Intangible Assets
390 homes - Westend - Denver, CO	March 28, 2018	$	128,700	$	25,525	$	102,101	$	1,074
Total Acquisitions		$	128,700	$	25,525	$	102,101	$	1,074

(1) Acquisition cost was paid in cash.

DISPOSITIONS

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we sold one parcel of land and one commercial property for a sale price of $7.3 million. After deductions for closing costs and other costs associated with the dispositions, we recognized a $614,000 gain on sale. During the three months ended June 30, 2018, we had no dispositions. The following tables detail our dispositions for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

		(in thousands)
Dispositions	Date Disposed	Sales Price		Book Value and Sale Cost		Gain/(Loss)
Other
Minot 1400 31st Ave SW - Minot, ND(1)	May 23, 2019	$	6,530	$	6,048	$	482
Unimproved Land
Creekside Crossing - Bismarck, ND	March 1, 2019	3,049		3,205		(156		)
Minot 1525 24th Ave SW - Minot, ND	April 3, 2019	725		593		132
		$	3,774	$	3,798	$	(24	)
Total Dispositions		$	10,304	$	9,846	$	458

(1) This property currently houses our Minot corporate office. During the second quarter of 2019, we purchased an office building which will become our new Minot corporate office after renovations are completed. We will lease space in the Minot 1400 31st Ave SW building until the new office is placed in service.

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Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

		(in thousands)
Dispositions	Date Disposed	Sale Price		Book Value and Sale Cost		Gain/(Loss)
Other
43,404 sq ft Garden View - St. Paul, MN	January 19, 2018	$	14,000	$	6,191	$	7,809
52,116 sq ft Ritchie Medical - St. Paul, MN	January 19, 2018	16,500		10,419		6,081
22,187 sq ft Bismarck 715 East Broadway - Bismarck, ND	March 7, 2018	5,500		3,215		2,285
Total Dispositions		$	36,000	$	19,825	$	16,175

NOTE 9 • DEBT

As of June 30, 2019, we owned 88 apartment communities, of which 39 served as collateral for mortgage loans. Substantially all of these mortgage loans were non-recourse to us other than for standard carve-out obligations. As of June 30, 2019, we believe that there are no material defaults or instances of noncompliance in regards to any of these mortgages payable.

As of June 30, 2019, we owned 49 apartment communities that were not encumbered by mortgages, with 35 of those properties providing credit support for our unsecured borrowings. Our primary unsecured credit facility is a revolving, multi-bank line of credit, with the Bank of Montreal serving as administrative agent. Our line of credit has total commitments of $250.0 million, with borrowing capacity based on the value of properties contained in the unencumbered asset pool ("UAP"). As of June 30, 2019, the UAP provided for a borrowing capacity of $250.0 million, with additional borrowing availability of $72.1 million beyond the $177.9 million drawn, including the balance on our operating line of credit (discussed below). This credit facility matures on August 31, 2022, with one twelve-month option to extend the maturity date at our election.

We have unsecured term loans of $70.0 million and $75.0 million, which mature on January 15, 2024 and on August 31, 2025, respectively.

The interest rates on the line of credit and term loans are based, at our option, on either the lender's base rate plus a margin, ranging from 35-85 basis points, or the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"), plus a margin that ranges from 135-190 basis points based on our consolidated leverage. Our line of credit and term loans are subject to customary financial covenants and limitations. We believe that we are in compliance with all such financial covenants and limitations as of June 30, 2019.

We also have a $6.0 million operating line of credit. This operating line of credit is designed to enhance treasury management activities and more effectively manage cash balances. This operating line has a one-year term, with pricing based on a market spread plus the one-month LIBOR index rate. As of June 30, 2019, we had $4.6 million outstanding on this operating line compared to no outstanding balance as of December 31, 2018.

The following table summarizes our indebtedness at June 30, 2019:

	(in thousands)
	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			Weighted Average Maturity in Years at June 30, 2019
Unsecured lines of credit(1)	$	162,939		$	57,500		3.1
Term loans	145,000			145,000			5.4
Unsecured debt	307,939			202,500
Secured line of credit(1)	15,000			—			3.2
Mortgages payable - fixed	371,951			445,974			4.2
Total debt	$	694,890		$	648,474		4.2
Weighted average interest rate on primary line of credit (rate with swap)	3.94		%	3.72		%
Weighted average interest rate on operating line of credit	4.39		%	—
Weighted average interest rate on term loans (rate with swap)	4.14		%	4.01		%
Weighted average interest rate on mortgages payable	4.37		%	4.58		%

(1) Our revolving line of credit consists primarily of unsecured borrowings. A portion of the line was secured in connection with our acquisition of SouthFork Townhomes, under an agreement that allowed us to offer the seller tax protection upon purchase.

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The aggregate amount of required future principal payments on mortgages payable and term loans as of June 30, 2019, was as follows:

	(in thousands)
2019 (remainder)	$	10,896
2020	42,093
2021	97,137
2022	40,741
2023	48,359
Thereafter	277,725
Total payments	$	516,951

NOTE 10 • DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Our objective in using interest rate derivatives is to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. To accomplish this objective, we primarily use interest rate swap contracts to fix the variable interest rate on our term loans and a portion of our revolving line of credit. The interest rate swap contracts qualify as cash flow hedges.

Under ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, the ineffective portion of a hedging instrument is not required to be recognized currently in earnings or disclosed. Changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income for our interest rate swap will be reclassified to interest expense as interest expense is incurred on our term loans. During the next twelve months, we estimate an additional $1.0 million will be reclassified as an increase to interest expense.

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we entered into a $50.0 million interest rate swap to fix the interest rate on a portion of our primary line of credit.

At June 30, 2019, we had three interest rate swap contracts in effect with a notional amount of $195.0 million and one additional interest rate swap that becomes effective on January 31, 2023, with a notional amount of $70.0 million.

The table below presents the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

		(in thousands)				(in thousands)
		June 30, 2019	December 31, 2018			June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value	Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Fair Value
Total derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments - interest rate swaps	Other Assets	—	$	818	Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses	$	7,598	$	1,675

The table below presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as of June 30, 2019 and 2018.

	(in thousands)
	Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI					Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income	Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
Three months ended June 30,	2019			2018			2019			2018
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships - Interest rate contracts	$	(4,430	)	$	438	Interest expense	$	(29	)	$	27
Six months ended June 30,
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships - Interest rate contracts	$	(6,712	)	$	2,158	Interest expense	$	(30	)	$	129

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NOTE 11 • FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities are carried at amounts that reasonably approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature. For variable rate line of credit debt that re-prices frequently, fair values are based on carrying values.

In determining the fair value of other financial instruments, we apply FASB ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures." Fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (Levels 1 and 2) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions (Level 3). Fair value estimates may differ from the amounts that may ultimately be realized upon sale or disposition of the assets and liabilities.

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

The fair value of our interest rate swaps is determined using the market standard methodology of netting discounted expected variable cash payments and receipts. The variable cash payments and receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (a forward curve) derived from observable market interest rate curves. We also consider both our own nonperformance risk and the counterparty's nonperformance risk in the fair value measurement (Level 3).

Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis

There were no non-financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at June 30, 2019. Non-financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2018, consisted of real estate investments that were written-down to estimated fair value during the transition period ended December 31, 2018. The aggregate fair value of these assets by their levels in the fair value hierarchy is as follows:

	(in thousands)
	Total		Level 1	Level 2	Level 3
December 31, 2018
Real estate investments valued at fair value	$	3,049	—	—	$	3,049

As of December 31, 2018, we estimated the fair value of our real estate investments using a market offer to purchase.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value

The fair value of mortgages payable and mortgage and notes receivable are estimated based on the discounted cash flows of the loans using market research and management estimates of comparable interest rates (Level 3).

The estimated fair values of our financial instruments as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, are as follows:

	(in thousands)
	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	17,406	$	17,406	$	13,792	$	13,792
Mortgage and note receivable	$	26,697	$	26,697	$	26,809	$	26,809
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Revolving lines of credit(1)	$	177,939	$	177,939	$	57,500	$	57,500
Term loans(1)	$	145,000	$	145,000	$	145,000	$	145,000
Mortgages payable	$	371,951	$	375,698	$	445,974	$	444,241

(1) Excluding the effect of interest rate swap agreements.

NOTE 12 • SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Share-based awards are provided to officers, non-officer employees, and trustees under our 2015 Incentive Plan approved by shareholders on September 15, 2015, which allows for awards in the form of cash, unrestricted and restricted common shares, and restricted stock units ("RSUs") up to an aggregate of 425,000 shares over the ten-year period in which the plan will be in effect. Under our 2015 Incentive Plan, officers and non-officer employees may earn share awards under a long-term incentive plan, which is a forward-looking program that measures long-term performance over the stated performance period. These

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awards are payable to the extent deemed earned in shares. The terms of the long-term incentive awards granted under the revised program may vary from year to year.

2019 LTIP Awards

Awards granted to officers on March 8, 2019, consist of time-based RSU awards for 6,391 shares and performance-based RSU awards based on relative total shareholder return (“TSR”), for 12,781 shares. All of these awards are classified as equity awards. The time-based RSU awards vest as to one-third of the shares on each of March 8, 2020, March 8, 2021, and March 8, 2022.

The performance-based RSU awards are earned based on our TSR as compared to the MSCI U.S. REIT Index over a forward-looking three-year period. The maximum number of RSUs eligible to be earned under this performance-based award is 25,562 RSUs, which is 200% of the RSUs granted. Earned awards (if any) will fully vest as of the last day of the measurement period. These awards have market conditions in addition to service conditions that must be met for the awards to vest. We recognize compensation expense ratably based on the grant date fair value, as determined using the Monte Carlo valuation model, regardless of whether the market conditions are achieved and the awards ultimately vest. Therefore, previously recorded compensation expense is not adjusted in the event that the market conditions are not achieved. We based the expected volatility on the historical volatility of our daily closing share price, the risk-free interest rate on the interest rates on U.S. treasury bonds with a maturity equal to the remaining performance period of the award, and the expected term on the performance period of the award. The assumptions used to value the performance RSU awards were an expected volatility of 25.5%, a risk-free interest rate of 2.43%, and an expected life of 2.82 years. The share price at the grant date, March 8, 2019, was $58.06 per share.

Awards granted to trustees on May 17, 2019, consist of 812 RSUs which vested immediately and awards granted on June 13, 2019 consist of 7,521 time-based RSU awards which vest on June 13, 2020. All of these awards are classified as equity awards.

Total Compensation Expense

Share-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated financial statements for all outstanding share-based awards was $981,000 and $611,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in expense was primarily due to the timing of award grants in connection with the change in our fiscal year end, additional officers included in award grants, and a decrease in forfeitures in the current period compared to the prior period.

NOTE 13 • SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On August 6, 2019, we closed a $59.9 million mortgage loan. This mortgage loan is secured by four multifamily communities and is priced at a fixed rate of 3.88% for the full twelve-year term of the loan. Proceeds from this loan will be used to pay down balances under our line of credit.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report, our audited financial statements for the transition period ended December 31, 2018, which are included in our Form 10-KT filed with the SEC on February 27, 2019, and the risk factors in Item 1A., “Risk Factors,” of our Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018.

We consider this and other sections of this Report to contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), with respect to our expectations for future periods. Forward-looking statements do not discuss historical fact, but instead include statements related to expectations, projections, intentions or other items related to the future. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” and variations of those words and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that may cause the actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from the results of operations, financial conditions, or plans expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Although we believe the expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, we can give no assurance that our expectations will be achieved. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact should be deemed forward-looking statements. As a result, reliance should not be placed on these forward-looking statements, as these statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors beyond our control and could differ materially from our actual results and performance.

The following factors, among others, could cause our future results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements:

• economic conditions in the markets where we own properties or markets in which we may invest in the future;

• rental conditions in our markets, including occupancy levels and rental rates, our potential inability to renew residents or obtain new residents upon expiration of existing leases, changes in tax and housing laws, or other factors;

• adverse changes in real estate markets, including future demand for apartment homes in our significant markets, barriers of entry into new markets, limitations on our ability to increase rental rates, our ability to identify and consummate attractive acquisitions and dispositions on favorable terms, our ability to reinvest sales proceeds successfully, and our inability to accommodate any significant decline in the market value of real estate serving as collateral for our mortgage obligations;

• reliance on a single asset class (multifamily) and certain geographic areas (Midwest and West regions) of the U.S.;

• inability to succeed in any new markets we enter;

• failure of new acquisitions to achieve anticipated results or be efficiently integrated;

• inability to complete lease-up of our projects on schedule and on budget;

• inability to sell our non-core properties on terms that are acceptable;

• failure to reinvest proceeds from sales of properties into tax-deferred exchanges, which could necessitate special dividend and tax protection payments;

• inability to fund capital expenditures out of cash flow;

• inability to pay, or need to reduce, dividends on our common shares;

• inability to raise additional equity capital;

• financing risks, including our potential inability to obtain debt or equity financing on favorable terms, or at all;

• level and volatility of interest or capitalization rates or capital market conditions;

• changes in operating costs, including real estate taxes, utilities, and insurance costs;

• the availability and cost of casualty insurance for losses;

• inability to continue to satisfy complex rules in order to maintain our status as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, inability of the Operating Partnership to satisfy the rules to maintain its status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, and the risk of changes in laws affecting REITs;

• inability to attract and retain qualified personnel;

• cyber liability or potential liability for breaches of our privacy or information security systems;

• inability to address catastrophic weather, natural events, and climate change;

• inability to comply with environmental laws and regulations; and

• other risks identified in this Report, in other SEC reports, or in other documents that we publicly disseminate.

New factors may also arise from time to time that could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Except as otherwise required by law, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events, circumstances, or changes in expectations after the date on which this Report is filed. Readers also should review the risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in our filings with the SEC, including the “Management’s

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Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Risk Factors” contained in our Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018.

Executive Summary

We own, manage, acquire, redevelop, and develop apartment communities. We primarily focus on investing in markets characterized by stable and growing economic conditions, strong employment, and an attractive quality of life that we believe, in combination, lead to higher demand for our apartment homes and retention of our residents. As of June 30, 2019, we owned interests in 88 apartment communities consisting of 13,975 apartment homes. Property owned, as presented in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, was $1.7 billion at June 30, 2019, compared to $1.6 billion at December 31, 2018.

Renting apartment homes is our primary source of revenue, and our business objective is to provide great homes for our residents. We strive to maximize resident satisfaction and retention by investing in high-quality assets in desirable locations and creating vibrant apartment communities through service-oriented operations. We believe that delivering superior resident experiences will enhance resident satisfaction while also driving profitability for our business and our shareholders. We have paid quarterly distributions continuously since our first distribution in 1971.

Overview of the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019

For the three months ended June 30, 2019, revenue increased by $737,000 to $46.9 million, compared to $46.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. Total expenses decreased by $18.6 million to $43.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $61.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018. Funds from Operations ("FFO") applicable to common shares and Units for the three months ended June 30, 2019 increased to $18.8 million compared to $11.6 million for the comparable period ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to a $6.3 million gain on litigation settlement. The drivers of these changes are discussed in more detail in the “Results of Operations” section below.

In our ongoing efforts to improve the quality of our portfolio and balance sheet, we completed the following transactions during the second quarter of 2019:

• We sold one parcel of land in Minot, North Dakota, for a total sale price of $725,000.

• We sold a property in Minot, North Dakota which houses our Minot corporate office for a total sale price of $6.5 million. We also purchased an office building for $2.1 million, which will become our new Minot, North Dakota corporate office building after renovations have been completed. We will lease space in the sold building until the new office is placed in service.

• We repurchased approximately 116,000 common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $6.9 million, including commissions, and approximately 133,000 Units for an aggregate total cost of $8.0 million.

• We recorded a gain on litigation settlement of $6.3 million from the settlement of a construction defect claim. The gain consisted of $4.0 million of cash received, $937,000 of cash receivable, and $1.4 million of liabilities waived under the terms of the settlement.

• We entered into a $50.0 million interest rate swap to fix the rate on a portion of our $250.0 million primary line of credit. This credit facility matures on August 31, 2022, with one twelve-month option to extend the maturity date at our election.

See Note 8 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this Report for a table detailing our acquisitions and dispositions during the three-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

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Results of Operations

The discussion that follows is based on our consolidated results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Consolidated Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018

	(in thousands, except percentages)
	Three Months Ended											Six Months Ended
	June 30,						2019 vs. 2018					June 30,						2019 vs. 2018
	2019			2018			$ Change			% Change		2019			2018			$ Change			% Change
Revenue
Same-store	$	40,024		$	38,804		$	1,220		3.1	%	$	79,637		$	76,852		$	2,785		3.6	%
Non-same-store	5,921			4,345			1,576			36.3	%	11,122			6,351			4,771			75.1	%
Other properties and dispositions	989			3,048			(2,059		)	(67.6	)%	1,783			6,029			(4,246		)	(70.4	)%
Total	46,934			46,197			737			1.6	%	92,542			89,232			3,310			3.7	%
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes
Same-store	16,974			16,345			629			3.8	%	34,781			33,536			1,245			3.7	%
Non-same-store	2,137			1,481			656			44.3	%	4,018			2,418			1,600			66.2	%
Other properties and dispositions	405			1,111			(706		)	(63.5	)%	753			2,250			(1,497		)	(66.5	)%
Total	19,516			18,937			579			3.1	%	39,552			38,204			1,348			3.5	%
Net operating income
Same-store	23,050			22,459			591			2.6	%	44,856			43,316			1,540			3.6	%
Non-same-store	3,784			2,864			920			32.1	%	7,104			3,933			3,171			80.6	%
Other properties and dispositions	584			1,937			(1,353		)	(69.9	)%	1,030			3,779			(2,749		)	(72.7	)%
Total	$	27,418		$	27,260		$	158		0.6	%	$	52,990		$	51,028		$	1,962		3.8	%
Property management expenses	(1,445		)	(1,444		)	1			0.1	%	(2,999		)	(2,821		)	178			6.3	%
Casualty gain (loss)	(92		)	—			92			100.0	%	(733		)	(50		)	683			1,366.0	%
Depreciation and amortization	(18,437		)	(19,132		)	(695		)	(3.6	)%	(36,548		)	(39,648		)	(3,100		)	(7.8	)%
Impairment of real estate investments	—			(17,809		)	(17,809		)	—		—			(17,809		)	(17,809		)	—
General and administrative expenses	(3,549		)	(4,348		)	(799		)	(18.4	)%	(7,355		)	(7,967		)	(612		)	(7.7	)%
Interest expense	(7,590		)	(8,562		)	(972		)	(11.4	)%	(15,486		)	(16,858		)	(1,372		)	(8.1	)%
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(407		)	(12		)	395			3,291.7	%	(409		)	(133		)	276			207.5	%
Interest income	402			429			(27		)	(6.3	)%	809			1,102			(293		)	(26.6	)%
Other income	66			31			35			112.9	%	83			47			36			76.6	%
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments, gain (loss) on litigation settlement, and income (loss) from discontinued operations	(3,634		)	(23,587		)	19,953			84.6	%	(9,648		)	(33,109		)	23,461			70.9	%
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments	615			—			615			100.0	%	669			2,304			(1,635		)	(71.0	)%
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement	6,286			—			6,286			100.0	%	6,286			—			6,286			100.0	%
Income (loss) from continuing operations	3,267			(23,587		)	26,854			(113.9	)%	(2,693		)	(30,805		)	28,112			(91.3	)%
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	—			238			(238		)	(100.0	)%	—			14,120			(14,120		)	(100.0	)%
NET INCOME (LOSS)	$	3,267		$	(23,349	)	$	26,616		(114.0	)%	$	(2,693	)	$	(16,685	)	$	13,992		(83.9	)%
Dividends to preferred unitholders	(160		)	—			160			100.0	%	(217		)	—			217			100.0	%
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	(148		)	2,580			(2,728		)	(105.7	)%	595			2,000			(1,405		)	(70.3	)%
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	154			595			(441		)	(74.1	)%	730			1,115			(385		)	(34.5	)%
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	3,113			(20,174		)	23,287			(115.4	)%	(1,585		)	(13,570		)	11,985			(88.3	)%
Dividends to preferred shareholders	(1,706		)	(1,706		)	—			—		(3,411		)	(3,411		)	—			—
NET INCOME (LOSS) AVAILABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS	$	1,407		$	(21,880	)	$	23,287		(106.4	)%	$	(4,996	)	$	(16,981	)	$	11,985		(70.6	)%

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	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Weighted Average Occupancy(1)	2019		2018		2019		2018
Same-store	94.3	%	94.2	%	94.9	%	94.2	%
Non-same-store	94.8	%	87.3	%	94.8	%	81.0	%
Total	94.4	%	93.5	%	94.9	%	93.2	%

(1) Weighted average occupancy is defined as the percentage resulting from dividing actual rental revenue by scheduled rental revenue. Scheduled rental revenue represents the value of all apartment homes, with occupied homes valued at contractual rental rates pursuant to leases and vacant homes valued at estimated market rents. When calculating actual rents for occupied homes and market rents for vacant homes, delinquencies and concessions are not taken into account. Market rates are determined using the currently offered effective rates on new leases at the community and are used as the starting point in determination of the market rates of vacant apartment homes. We believe that weighted average occupancy is a meaningful measure of occupancy because it considers the value of each vacant unit at its estimated market rate. Weighted average occupancy may not completely reflect short-term trends in physical occupancy, and our calculation of weighted average occupancy may not be comparable to that disclosed by other REITs.

Number of Apartment Homes	June 30, 2019	June 30, 2018
Same-store	12,848	12,848
Non-same-store	1,127	855
Total	13,975	13,703

Net Operating Income, or NOI, is a non-GAAP measure, which we define as total real estate revenues less property operating expenses, including real estate taxes. We believe that NOI is an important supplemental measure of operating performance for real estate because it provides a measure of operations that is unaffected by depreciation, amortization, financing, property management overhead, casualty losses, and general and administrative expenses. NOI does not represent cash generated by operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered an alternative to net income, net income available for common shareholders, or cash flow from operating activities as a measure of financial performance.

We have provided certain information on a same-store and non-same-store basis. Same-store apartment communities are owned or in service for the entirety of the periods being compared, and, in the case of development properties, have achieved a target level of physical occupancy of 90%. On the first day of each calendar year, we determine the composition of our same-store pool for that year as well as adjust the previous year, which allows us to evaluate full period-over-period operating comparisons for existing apartment communities and their contribution to net income. We believe that measuring performance on a same-store basis is useful to investors because it enables evaluation of how a fixed pool of our communities are performing year-over-year. We use this measure to assess whether or not we have been successful in increasing NOI, renewing the leases on existing residents, controlling operating costs, and making prudent capital improvements. The discussion below focuses on the main factors affecting real estate revenue and expenses from same-store apartment communities because changes from one year to another in real estate revenue and expenses from non-same-store apartment communities are generally due to the addition of those properties to our real estate portfolio, and accordingly provide less useful information for evaluating ongoing operational performance of our real estate portfolio.

For the comparison of the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, four apartment communities were non-same-store. Sold communities are included in "Other," which also includes non-multifamily properties and the non-multifamily components of mixed-use properties.

Revenues.  Revenue increased by 1.6% to $46.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $46.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2018. Non-same-store communities contributed $1.6 million to the increase, offset by a $2.1 million decrease from dispositions and other properties. Revenue from same-store communities increased 3.1% or $1.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase was attributable to 3.0% growth in average rental revenue and 0.1% growth in occupancy as weighted average occupancy increased to 94.3% from 94.2% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Revenue increased by 3.7% to $92.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $89.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018. Non-same-store communities contributed $4.8 million to the increase, offset by a $4.2 million decrease from dispositions and other properties. Revenue from same-store communities increased 3.6% or $2.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase was attributable to 2.9% growth in average rental revenue, including approximately $291,000 from an adjustment in our estimation of bad debt allowance in the comparable period of the prior year and 0.7% growth in occupancy as weighted average occupancy increased to 94.9% from 94.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

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Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes.  Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes, increased by 3.1% to $19.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $18.9 million in the same period of the prior year. An increase of $656,000 at non-same-store communities was offset by a decrease of $706,000 from other properties and dispositions. Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes, at same-store communities increased by 3.8% or $629,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period in the prior year. At same-store communities, real estate taxes increased by $211,000 and insurance expense increased by $660,000, of which $324,000 was due to an adjustment in the prior year comparable period from the favorable resolution of insurance claims with remainder due to an increase in premiums. These same-store increases were partially offset by a decrease in controllable operating expenses (which exclude insurance and real estate taxes) of $241,000, primarily due to lower compensation costs as a result of a reduction in employee headcount.

Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes, increased by 3.5% to $39.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $38.2 million in the same period of the prior year. An increase of $1.6 million at non-same-store communities was offset by a decrease of $1.5 million from other properties and dispositions. Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes, at same-store communities increased by 3.7% or $1.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same period in the prior year. At same-store communities, real estate taxes increased by $298,000 and insurance expenses increased by $663,000, of which $324,000 was due to an adjustment in the prior comparable period from the favorable resolution of insurance claims with the remainder due to an increase in premiums. Controllable expenses increased by $283,000 primarily due to higher snow removal costs as a result of historically high levels of snowfall during the winter, landscaping and other maintenance costs, and partially offset by lower compensation costs as a result of a reduction in employee headcount.

Property management expenses. Property management expense, consisting of property management overhead and property management fees paid to third parties, was $1.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Property management expense increased by 6.3% to $3.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $2.8 million in the same period of the prior year. The increase in property management expense is primarily due to technology initiatives and compensation costs, including severance.

Casualty gain (loss). Casualty loss was $92,000 in the three months ended June 30, 2019 and was the result of uninsured losses. The same period of the prior year had no casualty loss.

Casualty loss was $733,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2019, an increase of $683,000 from the same period of the prior year. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, many of our markets were impacted by a series of adverse weather-related events. These events included extreme cold and record-setting snowfall, which caused excess ice and snow accumulation, resulting in water damage to some of our apartment communities. We believe that the damages will be covered by insurance and have recorded casualty losses of $641,000 during the period, representing the aggregate annual stop loss under our insurance coverage. The remaining increase is a result of uninsured water intrusion damage at one apartment community. In the same period of the prior year, we recorded only $50,000 in aggregate annual stop loss under our insurance coverage as a result of favorable claims experience.

Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased by 3.6% to $18.4 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $19.1 million in the same period of the prior year, primarily due to certain intangible assets becoming fully amortized.

Depreciation and amortization decreased by 7.8% to $36.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $39.6 million in the same period of the prior year, primarily attributable to certain intangible assets becoming fully amortized and an adjustment in the prior comparable period from shortening the estimated useful life of a non-multifamily property, which elevated depreciation expense in the six months ended June 30, 2018.

General and administrative expenses.  General and administrative expenses decreased by 18.4% to $3.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $4.3 million in the same period of the prior year, primarily attributable to decreases of $581,000 in legal fees related to our pursuit of recovery on a construction defect claim, $453,000 in severance-related costs, and $136,000 in real estate taxes on vacant land. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in compensation costs as a result of a decrease in open positions and higher incentive compensation related to expanding the participant pool in the long-term incentive plan.

General and administrative expenses decreased by 7.7% to $7.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $8.0 million in the same period of the prior year, primarily attributable to decreases of $558,000 in severance-related costs, $265,000 in legal costs, and $200,000 in real estate tax on sold properties. These decreases were partially offset by increases in

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compensation costs as a result of a decrease in open positions and higher incentive compensation related to expanding the participant pool in the long-term incentive plan.

Interest expense.  Interest expense decreased by 11.4% to $7.6 million in the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $8.6 million in the same period of the prior year, primarily due to a decrease in the average balance of our outstanding indebtedness and the replacement of maturing debt with term loans at lower rates.

Interest expense decreased by 8.1% to $15.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $16.9 million in the same period of the prior year, primarily due to a decrease in the average balance of our outstanding indebtedness and the replacement of maturing debt with term loans at lower rates.

Interest and other income. We recorded interest and other income in the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 of $468,000 and $460,000, respectively.

We recorded interest and other income in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 of $892,000 and $1.1 million, respectively. The decrease for the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period of the prior year was due to a lower cash balance as proceeds received in December 2017 from the disposition of our medical office portfolio were not deployed until the end of March 2018.

Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments. We recorded net gains of $615,000 in continuing operations in the three months ended June 30, 2019, and no gain or loss in the same period of the prior year. We recorded net gains of $669,000 and $2.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Gain (loss) on litigation settlement. We recorded a gain on litigation settlement of $6.3 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 from a construction defect claim.

Income from discontinued operations. We recorded no income from discontinued operations in the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $238,000 in the same period of the prior year. We recorded no income from discontinued operations in the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $14.1 million in the same period of the prior year. See Note 7 of the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this report for further information on discontinued operations.

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders. Net income available to common shareholders was $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to net loss of $21.9 million in the three months ended June 30, 2018. The increase in net income available to common shareholders was driven by a decrease in impairment charges and an increase in gain on litigation settlement.

Net loss available to shareholders was $5.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to net loss of $17.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2018. The decrease in net loss available to shareholders was driven by a decrease in impairment charges and depreciation expense and increases in gain on litigation settlement and revenue, but was partially offset by a decrease in gains on sale of real estate.

Funds from Operations. We use the definition of Funds from Operations ("FFO") adopted by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc. (“Nareit”). Nareit defines FFO as net income or loss calculated in accordance with GAAP, excluding:

• depreciation and amortization related to real estate;

• gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets; and

• impairment write-downs of certain real estate assets and investments in entities when the impairment is directly attributable to decreases in the value of depreciable real estate held by the entity.

Due to limitations of the FFO definition adopted by Nareit, we have made certain interpretations in applying the definition. We believe that all such interpretations not specifically provided for in the Nareit definition are consistent with the definition. Nareit's FFO White Paper 2018 Restatement clarified that impairment write-downs of land related to a REIT's main business are excluded from FFO and a REIT has the option to exclude impairment write-downs of assets that are incidental to the main business.

We believe that FFO, which is a standard supplemental measure for equity real estate investment trusts, is helpful to investors in understanding our operating performance, primarily because its calculation excludes depreciation and amortization expense on real estate assets, thereby providing an additional perspective on our operating results. We believe that GAAP historical cost depreciation of real estate assets is not correlated with changes in the value of those assets, whose value does not diminish predictably over time, as historical cost depreciation implies. The exclusion in Nareit’s definition of FFO of impairment write-

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downs and gains and losses from the sale of real estate assets helps to identify the operating results of the long-term assets that form the base of our investments, and assists management and investors in comparing those operating results between periods.

While FFO is widely used by us as a primary performance metric, not all real estate companies use the same definition of FFO or calculate FFO the same way. Accordingly, FFO presented here is not necessarily comparable to FFO presented by other real estate companies. FFO should not be considered as an alternative to net income or any other GAAP measurement of performance, but rather should be considered as an additional, supplemental measure. FFO also does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with GAAP, and is not necessarily indicative of sufficient cash flow to fund all of our needs or our ability to service indebtedness or make distributions.

FFO applicable to common shares and Units for the three months ended June 30, 2019, increased to $18.8 million compared to $11.6 million for the comparable period ended June 30, 2018, an increase of 62.4%. This increase was primarily due to a $6.3 million gain on litigation settlement, as well as higher NOI at same-store and non-same store communities and reductions in interest expense and general and administrative expenses. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in NOI from sold properties and an increase in loss on debt extinguishment. FFO applicable to common shares and Units for the six months ended June 30, 2019, increased to $29.0 million, compared to $20.7 million for the comparable period ended June 30, 2018, an increase of 39.6%. This increase was primarily due to a $6.3 million gain on litigation settlement, as well as higher NOI at same-store and non-same-store communities and reductions in interest expense and general and administrative expenses. The increase in FFO was partially offset by decreases in NOI from sold properties and interest income and increases in weather-related casualty loss and loss on debt extinguishment.

Reconciliation of Net Income Available to Common Shareholders to Funds from Operations

	(in thousands, except per share and unit amounts)
Three Months Ended June 30,	2019						2018
	Amount			Weighted Avg Shares and Units(1)	Per Share and Unit(2)		Amount			Weighted Avg Shares and Units(1)	Per Share and Unit(2)
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	1,407		11,729	$	0.12	$	(21,880	)	11,928	$	(1.83	)
Adjustments:
Noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	148			1,226			(2,580		)	1,407
Depreciation and amortization	18,437						19,132
Less depreciation – non real estate entities	(79		)				(76		)
Less depreciation – partially owned entities	(474		)				(719		)
Impairment of real estate	—						17,809
Gains on sale of real estate	(615		)				(98		)
Funds from operations applicable to common shares and Units	$	18,824		12,955	$	1.45	$	11,588		13,335	$	0.87

	(in thousands, except per share and unit amounts)
Six Months Ended June 30,	2019							2018
	Amount			Weighted Avg Shares and Units(1)	Per Share and Unit(2)			Amount			Weighted Avg Shares and Units(1)	Per Share and Unit(2)
Net income (loss) available to common shareholders	$	(4,996	)	11,746	$	(0.42	)	$	(16,981	)	11,950	$	(1.42	)
Adjustments:
Noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	(595		)	1,307				(2,000		)	1,416
Depreciation and amortization	36,548							39,650
Less depreciation – non real estate entities	(164		)					(155		)
Less depreciation – partially owned entities	(1,152		)					(1,442		)
Impairment of real estate	—							17,809
Gains on sale of real estate	(669		)					(16,134		)
Funds from operations applicable to common shares and Units	$	28,972		13,053	$	2.22		$	20,747		13,366	$	1.55

(1)    Pursuant to Exchange Rights, Units of the Operating Partnership are redeemable for cash or, at our discretion, for common shares on a one-for-one basis.

(2) Net income (loss) available to common shareholders is calculated on a per common share basis. FFO is calculated on a per common share and Unit basis.

Acquisitions and Dispositions

During the second quarter of 2019, we acquired an office building that will be used as our Minot corporate office for $2.1 million, compared to no acquisitions in the same period of the prior year. During the second quarter of 2019, we sold one parcel of unimproved land and one commercial property for an aggregate sale price of $7.3 million, compared to no dispositions in the

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second quarter of 2018. See Note 8 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this report for a table detailing our acquisitions and dispositions during the six-month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

Distributions Declared

Distributions of $0.70 and $1.40 per common share and Unit were declared during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Distributions of $0.4140625 and $0.8281 per Series C preferred share were declared during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Distributions of $0.9655 and $1.3088 per Series D preferred unit were declared in the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity and Financial Condition

We desire to create and maintain a strong balance sheet that offers financial flexibility and enables us to pursue and acquire apartment communities that enhance our portfolio composition, operating metrics, and cash flow growth prospects. We intend to strengthen our capital and liquidity positions by continuing to focus on improving our core fundamentals, which include generating positive cash flows from operations, maintaining appropriate debt levels and leverage ratios, and controlling overhead costs.

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash and cash equivalents on hand, our unsecured credit facility, and cash flows generated from operations. Other sources include availability under our unsecured lines of credit, proceeds from property dispositions, offerings of preferred and common stock under our shelf registration statement, offerings of preferred and common units under our limited partnership agreement, and unsecured term loans or long-term secured mortgages.

Our primary liquidity demands are normally-recurring operating and overhead expenses, debt service and repayments, capital improvements to our communities, distributions to the holders of our preferred shares, common shares, and Units, value-add redevelopment, common share buybacks and Unit redemptions, and acquisitions of additional communities.

We believe that our financial condition and liquidity are sufficient to meet our reasonably anticipated liquidity demands during 2019 and 2020. Factors that could increase or decrease our future liquidity include, but are not limited to, volatility in capital and credit markets, our ability to access capital and credit markets, the minimum REIT dividend requirements, and our ability to complete asset purchases, sales, or developments.

Capital Resources and Cash Flows

As of June 30, 2019, we had total liquidity of approximately $89.5 million, which included $72.1 million available on our line of credit and $17.4 million of cash and cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2018, we had total liquidity of approximately $188.8 million, which included $175.0 million on our line of credit and $13.8 million of cash and cash equivalents.

We also had restricted cash of $4.7 million and $5.5 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, consisting primarily of loan application deposits and escrows held by lenders for real estate taxes, insurance, and capital additions.

We have an unsecured credit facility for $395.0 million, with the commitment allocated to a revolving line of credit for $250.0 million and the remaining $145.0 million allocated between two term loans: a $70.0 million unsecured term loan that matures on January 15, 2024 and a $75.0 million unsecured term loan that matures on August 31, 2025.

As of June 30, 2019, our line of credit had total commitments of $250.0 million, with borrowing capacity based on the value of properties contained in an unencumbered asset pool ("UAP"). The UAP provided for a borrowing capacity of approximately $250.0 million at quarter-end, offering additional borrowing availability of $72.1 million beyond the $177.9 million drawn, including the balance on our operating line of credit, as of June 30, 2019. At December 31, 2018, the line of credit borrowing capacity was $232.5 million based on the UAP, of which $57.5 million was drawn on the line. This credit facility matures on August 31, 2022, with one twelve-month option to extend the maturity date at our election.

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we entered into a $50.0 million interest rate swap to fix the interest rate on a portion of our primary line of credit.

As of June 30, 2019, we had 49 unencumbered apartment communities representing 56.9% of second quarter 2019 multifamily NOI, of which 14 apartment communities, representing approximately 12.3% of second quarter 2019 multifamily NOI, are not pledged under the UAP.

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We also have a $6.0 million operating line of credit. This operating line of credit is designed to enhance treasury management activities and more effectively manage cash balances. This operating line has a one-year term, with pricing based on a market spread plus the one-month LIBOR index rate.

For information regarding our cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, see the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in Part I, Item 1 above.

In addition to cash flow from operations, during the six months ended June 30, 2019, we generated capital from various activities, including:

• The disposition of two parcels of land and one commercial building, for a total sale price of $10.3 million; and

• The receipt of $4.0 million from the settlement of our pursuit of a recovery on a construction defect claim.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we used capital for various activities, including:

• Acquiring SouthFork Townhomes, a 272-home residential apartment community located in Lakeville, Minnesota, for a total purchase price of $44.0 million, with $27.4 million paid in cash and $16.6 million paid through the issuance of Series D preferred units;

• Repaying $74.0 million of mortgage principal;

• Repurchasing 289,988 common shares for an aggregate total cost of approximately $15.7 million and approximately 135,000 Units for an aggregate total cost of $8.1 million;

• Acquiring an office building for $2.1 million, which will become our new Minot, North Dakota corporate office building after renovations have been completed;

• Acquiring the remaining 34.5% noncontrolling interests in the real estate partnership that owns Commons and Landing at Southgate, located in Minot, North Dakota, for $1.3 million; and

• Funding capital expenditures for apartment communities of approximately $6.3 million.

Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments

Contractual obligations and other commitments were disclosed in our Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018. There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations and other commitments since that report was filed.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of June 30, 2019, we had no significant off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K.

Critical Accounting Policies

In preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements, management has made estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. A summary of our critical accounting policies is included in our Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018, filed with the SEC on February 27, 2019 under the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02, "Leases" which required lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet through right of use assets and lease liabilities. It also made certain changes to lessor accounting. Refer to Note 2 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in this report for additional information. There have been no other significant changes to our critical accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Our exposure to market risk is primarily related to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates on our current and future fixed and variable rate debt obligations. We currently use interest rate swaps to offset the impact of interest rate fluctuations on our variable-rate term loans. We do not enter into derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The interest rate swaps expose us to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties under the terms of the agreements.

See our Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the eight months ended December 31, 2018 under the heading "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" for a more complete discussion of our interest rate sensitivity. As of June 30, 2019, our exposure to market risk has not changed materially since our Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the eight months ended December 31, 2018.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures:  

Management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of June 30, 2019, such disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting:  

In connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d), management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has identified no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during that quarter ended June 30, 2019 and that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

In the ordinary course of our operations, we become involved in litigation. At this time, we know of no material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, to which we or any of our subsidiaries is a party or of which any of our property is the subject.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the Risk Factors previously disclosed in Item 1A in our Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 

Sales of Securities

During the second quarter of 2019, we issued 8,352 unregistered Common Shares to limited partners of the Operating Partnership in exchange for their Units, in reliance on the private offering exemption under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securites Act of 1933, as amended.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

					Maximum Dollar
				Total Number of Shares	Amount of Shares That
	Total Number of	Average Price		Purchased as Part of	May Yet Be Purchased
	Shares and Units	Paid per		Publicly Announced	Under the Plans or
Period	Purchased (1)	Share and Unit(2)		Plans or Programs	Programs(3)
April 1 - 30, 2019	144,020	$	59.86	15,078	$	23,705,362
May 1 - 31, 2019	24,263	59.26		24,263	22,267,567
June 1 - 30, 2019	80,561	59.22		76,731	17,724,778
Total	248,844	$	59.60	116,072

(1) Includes a total of 132,772 Units redeemed for cash pursuant to the exercise of exchange rights.

(2) Amount includes commissions paid.

(3) Represents amounts outstanding under our $50 million share repurchase program, which was reauthorized by our Board of Trustees on December 14, 2018 for an additional one-year period.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities 

None

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable

Item 5. Other Information

None

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Item 6. Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed as part of this Report.

EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit No.	Description
31.1*	Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer
31.2*	Section 302 Certification of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
32.1*	Section 906 Certifications of Chief Executive Officer
32.2*	Section 906 Certifications of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
101 INS**	INSTANCE DOCUMENT
101 SCH**	SCHEMA DOCUMENT
101 CAL**	CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
101 LAB**	LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT
101 PRE**	PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
101 DEF**	DEFINITION LINKBASE DOCUMENT
104**	COVER PAGE

* Filed herewith

** Submitted electronically herewith.  Attached as Exhibit 101 are the following materials from our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, formatted in Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language (“iXBRL”): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations; (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity; (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; (v) notes to these condensed consolidated financial statements; and (vi) the Cover Page to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST

(Registrant)

/s/ Mark O. Decker, Jr.

Mark O. Decker, Jr.

President and Chief Executive Officer

/s/ John A. Kirchmann

John A. Kirchmann

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Date: August 7, 2019

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EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

Certifications

I, Mark O.  Decker, Jr., certify that:

1 I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Investors Real Estate Trust;

2 Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3 Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4 The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5 The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 7, 2019

By:	/s/ Mark O. Decker, Jr.
	Mark O. Decker, Jr.,  President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

Certifications

I, John A. Kirchmann, certify that:

1 I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Investors Real Estate Trust;

2 Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3 Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4 The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5 The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 7, 2019

By:	/s/ John A. Kirchmann
	John A. Kirchmann, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Investors Real Estate Trust (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Mark O.  Decker, Jr., President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ Mark O. Decker, Jr.

Mark O. Decker, Jr.

President and Chief Executive Officer

August 7, 2019

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

This certification is furnished, and shall not be deemed filed, as provided by Rule 13a-14(b) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1934 and Item 601(b) (32) (ii) of Regulation S-K.

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Investors Real Estate Trust (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, John A.  Kirchmann, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ John A. Kirchmann

John A. Kirchmann

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

August 7, 2019

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

This certification is furnished, and shall not be deemed filed, as provided by Rule 13a-14(b) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1934 and Item 601(b) (32) (ii) of Regulation S-K.

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Cover Page - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jul. 31, 2019
Entity Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2019
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-35624
Entity Registrant Name	INVESTORS REAL ESTATE TRUST
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	ND
Entity Tax Identification Number	45-0311232
Entity Address, Address Line One	1400 31st Avenue SW
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 60
Entity Address, Address Line Three	Post Office Box 1988
Entity Address, City or Town	Minot
Entity Address, State or Province	ND
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	58702-1988
City Area Code	701
Local Phone Number	837-4738
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		11,624,590
Entity Central Index Key	0000798359
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2019
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, no par value
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, no par value
Trading Symbol	IRET
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares
Entity Information [Line Items]
Title of 12(b) Security	Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares
Trading Symbol	IRET-C
Security Exchange Name	NYSE

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Real estate investments
Property owned	$ 1,663,539	$ 1,627,636
Less accumulated depreciation	(380,321)	(353,871)
Total property owned	1,283,218	1,273,765
Unimproved land	1,746	5,301
Mortgage loans receivable	10,140	10,410
Total real estate investments	1,295,104	1,289,476
Cash and cash equivalents	17,406	13,792
Restricted cash	4,672	5,464
Other assets	30,626	27,265
TOTAL ASSETS	1,347,808	1,335,997
LIABILITIES
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	44,766	40,892
Revolving lines of credit	177,939	57,500
Term loans, net of unamortized loan costs of $918 and $1,009, respectively	144,082	143,991
Mortgages payable, net of unamortized loan costs of $1,490 and $1,777, respectively	370,461	444,197
TOTAL LIABILITIES	737,248	686,580
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 6)
REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS – CONSOLIDATED REAL ESTATE ENTITIES	0	5,968
EQUITY
Series C Preferred Shares of Beneficial Interest (Cumulative redeemable preferred shares, no par value, $25 per share liquidation preference, 4,118 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, aggregate liquidation preference of $102,971)	99,456	99,456
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest (Unlimited authorization, no par value, 11,656 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and 11,942 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018)	888,541	899,234
Accumulated distributions in excess of net income	(450,433)	(429,048)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	(7,598)	(856)
Total shareholders’ equity	529,966	568,786
Noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership (1,224 units at June 30, 2019 and 1,368 units at December 31, 2018)	57,902	67,916
Noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	6,132	6,747
Total equity	594,000	643,449
TOTAL LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY, AND EQUITY	1,347,808	1,335,997
Series D Preferred Units
LIABILITIES
SERIES D PREFERRED UNITS (Cumulative convertible preferred units, $100 par value, 166 units issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and no units issued and outstanding at December 31, 2018, aggregate liquidation preference of $16,560)	$ 16,560	$ 0

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Stockholders' Equity, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]
Preferred shares of beneficial interest, liquidation preference (in dollars per share)	$ 25	$ 25
Preferred shares of beneficial interest, shares issued (in shares)	4,118,000	4,118,000
Preferred shares of beneficial interest, shares outstanding (in shares)	4,118,000	4,118,000
Preferred shares liquidation preference	$ 102,971	$ 102,971
Common shares of beneficial interest, shares issued (in shares)	11,656,000	11,942,000
Common shares of beneficial interest, shares outstanding (in shares)	11,656,000	11,942,000
Noncontrolling interests - operating partnership (in shares)	1,224,000	1,368,000
Series D Preferred Units
Stockholders' Equity, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]
Preferred units, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 100	$ 100
Preferred units, shares issued (in shares)	166,000	0
Preferred units, shares outstanding (in shares)	166,000	0
Preferred units, liquidation preference	$ 16,560	$ 16,560
Term Loans
LIABILITIES
Unamortized loan costs	918	1,009
Mortgages
LIABILITIES
Unamortized loan costs	$ 1,490	$ 1,777

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
REVENUE	$ 46,934	$ 46,197	$ 92,542	$ 89,232
EXPENSES
Property operating expenses, excluding real estate taxes	13,942	13,934	28,746	28,180
Real estate taxes	5,574	5,003	10,806	10,024
Casualty loss	92	0	733	50
Depreciation and amortization	18,437	19,132	36,548	39,648
Impairment of real estate investments	0	17,809	0	17,809
General and administrative expenses	3,549	4,348	7,355	7,967
TOTAL EXPENSES	43,039	61,670	87,187	106,499
Operating income (loss)	3,895	(15,473)	5,355	(17,267)
Interest expense	(7,590)	(8,562)	(15,486)	(16,858)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	(407)	(12)	(409)	(133)
Interest income	402	429	809	1,102
Other income	66	31	83	47
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments, gain (loss) on litigation settlement, and income (loss) from discontinued operations	(3,634)	(23,587)	(9,648)	(33,109)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments	615	0	669	2,304
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement	6,286	0	6,286	0
Income (loss) from continuing operations	3,267	(23,587)	(2,693)	(30,805)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	0	238	0	14,120
NET INCOME (LOSS)	3,267	(23,349)	(2,693)	(16,685)
Dividends to preferred unitholders	(160)	0	(217)	0
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	(148)	2,580	595	2,000
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	154	595	730	1,115
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	3,113	(20,174)	(1,585)	(13,570)
Dividends to preferred shareholders	(1,706)	(1,706)	(3,411)	(3,411)
NET INCOME (LOSS) AVAILABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS	$ 1,407	$ (21,880)	$ (4,996)	$ (16,981)
Earnings (loss) per common share from continuing operations – basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.11	$ (1.85)	$ (0.43)	$ (2.48)
Earnings (loss) per common share from discontinued operations – basic and diluted (in dollars per share)	0	0.02	0	1.06
NET EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE – BASIC & DILUTED (in dollars per share)	$ 0.11	$ (1.83)	$ (0.43)	$ (1.42)
Management Service
EXPENSES
Property management expense	$ 1,445	$ 1,444	$ 2,999	$ 2,821

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ 3,267	$ (23,349)	$ (2,693)	$ (16,685)
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gain (loss) from derivative instrument	(4,430)		(6,712)
Unrealized gain (loss) from derivative instrument		438		2,158
(Gain) loss on derivative instrument reclassified into earnings	(29)		(30)
(Gain) loss on derivative instrument reclassified into earnings		27		129
Total comprehensive income (loss)	(1,192)	(22,884)	(9,435)	(14,398)
Net comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	275	2,531	1,255	1,759
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	154	595	730	1,115
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	$ (763)	$ (19,758)	$ (7,450)	$ (11,524)

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Total	PREFERRED SHARES	COMMON SHARES	ACCUMULATED DISTRIBUTIONS IN EXCESS OF NET INCOME	ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	NONREDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2017	$ 714,043	$ 99,456	$ 902,305	$ (374,365)	$ (539)	$ 87,186
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017			12,004
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests	(16,298)			(13,570)		(2,728)
Change in fair value of derivatives	2,287				2,287
Distributions – common shares and units	(18,740)			(16,763)		(1,977)
Distributions – Series C preferred shares	(3,411)			(3,411)
Shares issued and share-based compensation (in shares)			5
Shares issued and share-based compensation	611		$ 611
Redemption of units for common shares (in shares)			3
Redemption of units for common shares	0		$ 34			(34)
Redemption of units for cash	(2,747)					(2,747)
Shares repurchased (in shares)			(67)
Shares repurchased	(3,415)		$ (3,415)
Other (in shares)			(6)
Other	(574)		$ (55)			(519)
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2018	672,383	99,456	$ 899,480	(407,482)	1,748	79,181
Ending Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2018			11,939
Beginning Balance at Mar. 31, 2018	708,467	99,456	$ 901,312	(377,871)	1,283	84,287
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2018			11,979
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests	(23,183)			(20,174)		(3,009)
Change in fair value of derivatives	465				465
Distributions – common shares and units	(9,345)			(8,358)		(987)
Distributions – Series C preferred shares	(1,706)			(1,706)
Shares issued and share-based compensation (in shares)			3
Shares issued and share-based compensation	187		$ 187
Redemption of units for cash	(510)					(510)
Shares repurchased (in shares)			(37)
Shares repurchased	(1,973)		$ (1,973)
Other (in shares)			(6)
Other	(646)		$ (46)			(600)
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2018	672,383	99,456	$ 899,480	(407,482)	1,748	79,181
Ending Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2018			11,939
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2018	643,449	99,456	$ 899,234	(429,048)	(856)	74,663
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018			11,942
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests	(2,736)			(1,585)		(1,151)
Change in fair value of derivatives	(6,742)				(6,742)
Distributions – common shares and units	(18,205)			(16,389)		(1,816)
Distributions – Series C preferred shares	(3,411)			(3,411)
Shares issued and share-based compensation (in shares)			3
Shares issued and share-based compensation	981		$ 981
Redemption of units for common shares (in shares)			8
Redemption of units for common shares	0		$ (521)			521
Redemption of units for cash	(8,124)					(8,124)
Shares repurchased (in shares)			(290)
Shares repurchased	(15,677)		$ (15,677)
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interests	4,529		$ 4,529
Other (in shares)			7
Other	(64)		$ (5)			(59)
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2019	594,000	99,456	$ 888,541	(450,433)	(7,598)	64,034
Ending Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019			11,656
Beginning Balance at Mar. 31, 2019	620,392	99,456	$ 895,381	(443,661)	(3,139)	72,355
Beginning Balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2019			11,768
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests and nonredeemable noncontrolling interests	3,107			3,113		(6)
Change in fair value of derivatives	(4,459)				(4,459)
Distributions – common shares and units	(9,038)			(8,179)		(859)
Distributions – Series C preferred shares	(1,706)			(1,706)
Shares issued and share-based compensation (in shares)			3
Shares issued and share-based compensation	565		$ 565
Redemption of units for common shares (in shares)			8
Redemption of units for common shares	0		$ (521)			521
Redemption of units for cash	(7,968)					(7,968)
Shares repurchased (in shares)			(116)
Shares repurchased	(6,863)		$ (6,863)
Other (in shares)			(7)
Other	(30)		$ (21)			(9)
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2019	$ 594,000	$ 99,456	$ 888,541	$ (450,433)	$ (7,598)	$ 64,034
Ending Balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2019			11,656

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Distributions - common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.70	$ 0.70	$ 1.40	$ 1.40
Distributions - preferred shares (in dollars per share)	$ 0.4140625	$ 0.4140625	$ 0.8281	$ 0.8281

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)	$ (2,693)	$ (16,685)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization, including amortization of capitalized loan costs	37,136	40,345
(Gain) loss on sale of real estate, other investments, and discontinued operations	(669)	(16,133)
(Gain) loss on litigation settlement	(2,286)	0
Share-based compensation expense	981	611
Impairment of real estate investments	0	17,809
Other, net	1,350	1,255
Changes in other assets and liabilities:
Other assets	(1,745)	4,741
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(3,468)	(2,789)
Net cash provided by (used by) operating activities	28,606	29,154
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Increase in notes receivable	(159)	(7,509)
Proceeds from sale of real estate and other investments	9,882	34,831
Payments for acquisitions of real estate assets	(29,918)	(129,737)
Payments for improvements of real estate assets	(6,317)	(7,747)
Other investing activities	282	690
Net cash provided by (used by) investing activities	(26,230)	(109,472)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Principal payments on mortgages payable	(74,614)	(60,757)
Proceeds from revolving lines of credit	146,439	99,000
Principal payments on revolving lines of credit	(26,000)	(169,000)
Principal payments on construction debt	0	(21,689)
Payments for acquisition of noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	(1,260)	0
Repurchase of common shares	(15,677)	(3,415)
Repurchase of partnership units	(8,124)	(2,747)
Distributions paid to common shareholders	(16,583)	(16,764)
Distributions paid to preferred shareholders	(1,705)	(3,410)
Distributions paid to preferred unitholders	(57)	0
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests – Unitholders of the Operating Partnership	(1,914)	(1,977)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests – consolidated real estate entities	(59)	(244)
Net cash provided by (used by) financing activities	446	(181,003)
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH	2,822	(261,321)
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD	19,256	286,226
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF PERIOD	22,078	24,905
SUPPLEMENTARY SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Accrued capital expenditures	499	1,569
Property acquired through issuance of Series D preferred units	16,560	0
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid for interest	15,044	15,367
Common Stock
SUPPLEMENTARY SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Distributions declared but not paid	9,038	8,358
Preferred Stock
SUPPLEMENTARY SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Distributions declared but not paid	1,706	1,706
Preferred Units
SUPPLEMENTARY SCHEDULE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Distributions declared but not paid	$ 160	$ 0

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ORGANIZATION	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
ORGANIZATION	ORGANIZATION Investors Real Estate Trust, collectively with our consolidated subsidiaries (“IRET,” “we,” “us,” or “our”), is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) focused on the ownership, management, acquisition, redevelopment, and development of apartment communities, primarily in Midwest markets. As of June 30, 2019, we owned interests in 88 apartment communities consisting of 13,975 apartment homes.

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

We conduct a majority of our business activities through our consolidated operating partnership, IRET Properties, A North Dakota Limited Partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), as well as through a number of other consolidated subsidiary entities. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of all our subsidiaries in which we maintain a controlling interest, including the Operating Partnership. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. On September 20, 2018, our Board of Trustees approved a change in our fiscal year-end from April 30 to December 31, beginning on January 1, 2019. We filed a transition report on Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018, in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. Beginning on January 1, 2019, all fiscal years will be from January 1 to December 31.

On December 14, 2018, the Board approved a reverse stock split of our outstanding common shares, no par value per share, and limited partnership units ("Units") at a ratio of 1-for-10. The reverse stock split was effective as of the close of trading on December 27, 2018, with trade commencing on a split-adjusted basis on December 28, 2018. We have adjusted all shares and Units and per share and Unit data for all periods presented.

The condensed consolidated financial statements also reflect the Operating Partnership's ownership of certain joint venture entities in which the Operating Partnership has a general partner or controlling interest. These entities are consolidated into our operations, with noncontrolling interests reflecting the noncontrolling partners’ share of ownership, income, and expenses.

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, certain disclosures accompanying annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP are omitted. The year-end balance sheet data was derived from audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods, have been included.

The current period’s results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results which ultimately may be achieved for the year. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the SEC on February 27, 2019.

USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

The following table provides a brief description of recent accounting standards updates (“ASUs”).

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2016-02, Leases; ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; ASU 2018-11, Leases: Targeted Improvements; ASU 2018-20, Leases (Topic 842) - Narrow-Scope Improvements for Leases	These ASUs amend existing accounting standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet and making certain changes to lessor accounting.	These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. We adopted these standards using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2019.	Our residential leases, where we are the lessor, will continue to be accounted for as operating leases under the new standards. As a result of adopting these standards, there were no significant changes in the accounting for lease revenue. For leases where we are the lessee, we recognized a right of use asset and lease liability of $889,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. There are also additional disclosures required under the new standard. Refer to the Leases section below for more information regarding the impact of adopting the standards on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments; ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326; ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Targeted Transition Relief	These ASUs require entities to estimate a lifetime expected credit loss for most financial assets, such as loans and other financial instruments, and to present the net amount expected to be collected. In 2018, another ASU was issued to amend ASU 2016-13, which clarifies that it does not apply to operating lease receivables. In 2019, an additional ASU was issued to provide transition relief in which an entity is allowed to elect the fair value option on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon adoption of Topic 326.	These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standards will have on our mortgage and note receivables.
ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirement for Fair Value Measurements	This ASU eliminates certain disclosure requirements affecting all levels of measurement, and modifies and adds new disclosure requirements for Level 3 measurements.	This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standard may have on our disclosures.
ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Topic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract	This ASU reduces the complexity for the accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement. The standard aligns various requirements for capitalizing implementation costs.	This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842) - Codification Improvements	This ASU provides clarification on various lease related issues and provides for reduced transition disclosure requirements.	This ASU has two effective dates. The various lease issues are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The transition disclosures are effective with the ASU 2016-02, Leases. We adopted this standard using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2019.	The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Refer to the Leases section below for transition disclosures.

CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH

	(in thousands)
Balance sheet description	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	17,406	$	20,451
Restricted cash	4,672		4,454
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	22,078	$	24,905

As of June 30, 2019, restricted cash consisted primarily of loan application deposits and escrows held by lenders for real estate taxes, insurance, and capital additions.

LEASES

Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASUs 2016-02, 2018-10, 2018-11, 2018-20, and 2019-01 related to leases using the modified retrospective approach. We elected to adopt the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which permits us to not reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, classification, and initial direct costs under the new standard, and the practical expedient related to land easements, which allows us to not evaluate existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for under ASC 840. We made an accounting policy election to exclude leases in which we are a lessee with a term of 12 months or less from the balance sheet.

As a lessor, we primarily lease multifamily apartment homes which qualify as operating leases with terms that are generally one year or less. Rental revenues are recognized in accordance with ASC 842, Leases, using a method that represents a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rental income represents approximately 98.0% of our total revenues and includes gross market rent less adjustments for concessions, vacancy loss, and bad debt. Other property revenues represent the remaining 2.0% of our total revenues and are primarily driven by other fee income, which is typically recognized at a point in time.

Some of our apartment communities have commercial spaces available for lease. Lease terms for these spaces typically range from three to fifteen years. The leases for commercial spaces generally include options to extend the lease for additional terms.

Many of our leases contain non-lease components for utility reimbursement from our residents and common area maintenance from our commercial tenants. We have elected the practical expedient to combine lease and non-lease components for all asset classes. The combined components are included in lease income and are accounted for under ASC 842.

The aggregate amount of future scheduled lease income on our operating leases for commercial spaces, excluding any variable lease income and non-lease components, as of June 30, 2019, was as follows:

	(in thousands)
2019 (remainder)	$	1,672
2020	3,014
2021	3,017
2022	3,021
2023	2,895
Thereafter	7,501
Total scheduled lease income - operating leases	$	21,120

REVENUES

We adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach. We elected to apply the new standard to contracts that were not complete as of May 1, 2018. We also elected to omit disclosing the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. Under the new standard, revenue is recognized in accordance with the transfer of goods and services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled for those goods and services.

Revenue streams that are included in ASU 2014-09 include:

• Other property revenues: We recognize revenue for rental related income not included as a component of a lease, such as application fees, as earned, and have concluded that this is appropriate under the new standard.

• Gains or losses on sales of real estate: Subsequent to the adoption of the new standard, a gain or loss is recognized when the criteria for derecognition of an asset are met, including when (1) a contract exists and (2) the buyer obtained

control of the nonfinancial asset that was sold. As a result, we may recognize a gain on real estate disposition transactions that previously did not qualify as a sale or for full profit recognition under the previous accounting standard.

The following table presents the disaggregation of revenue streams for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019:

		(in thousands)
		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenue Stream	Applicable Standard	2019		2018		2019		2018
Fixed lease income - operating leases	Leases	$	44,342	$	43,193	$	88,084	$	83,314
Variable lease income - operating leases	Leases	1,548		—		2,632		—
Non-lease components	Revenue from contracts with customers	—		1,335		—		2,546
Other property revenue	Revenue from contracts with customers	1,044		1,669		1,826		3,372
Total revenue		$	46,934	$	46,197	$	92,542	$	89,232

IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS

We periodically evaluate our long-lived assets, including investments in real estate, for impairment indicators. The impairment evaluation is performed on assets by property such that assets for a property form an asset group. The judgments regarding the existence of impairment indicators are based on factors such as operational performance, market conditions, expected holding period of each asset group, and legal and environmental concerns. If indicators exist, we compare the expected future undiscounted cash flows for the long-lived asset group against the carrying amount of that asset group. If the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset group, an impairment loss is recorded for the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying amount of the asset group. If our anticipated holding period for properties, the estimated fair value of properties, or other factors change based on market conditions or otherwise, our evaluation of impairment charges may be different and such differences could be material to our consolidated financial statements. The evaluation of anticipated cash flows is subjective and is based, in part, on assumptions regarding future occupancy, rental rates, and capital requirements that could differ materially from actual results. Reducing planned property holding periods may increase the likelihood of recording impairment losses.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded no impairment charges. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we recognized $17.8 million of impairment charges on one apartment community, three commercial properties, and three parcels of land. We recognized impairments of $12.2 million on one apartment community in Grand Forks, North Dakota; $1.4 million on an industrial property in Bloomington, Minnesota; $922,000 on an industrial property in Woodbury, Minnesota; and $630,000 on a retail property in Minot, North Dakota. These properties were written-down to estimated fair value based on independent appraisals and market data or, in the case of the retail property, receipt of a market offer to purchase and our intent to dispose of the property. We recognized impairments of $428,000 on a parcel of land in Williston, North Dakota; $1.5 million on a parcel of land in Grand Forks, North Dakota; and $709,000 on a parcel of land in Bismarck, North Dakota. These parcels were written down to estimated fair value based on independent appraisals and market data.

MORTGAGE RECEIVABLE AND NOTES RECEIVABLE

In August 2017, we sold 13 multifamily communities in exchange for cash and an $11.0 million note secured by a mortgage on the assets. As of June 30, 2019, the balance of the note was $10.1 million, with 12 communities remaining in the pool of assets used to secure the mortgage. The note bears an interest rate of 5.5% and matures in August 2020. Monthly payments are interest-only, with the principal balance payable at maturity. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we received and recognized approximately $285,000 and $305,000 of interest income, respectively.

In July 2017, we originated a $16.2 million loan in a multifamily development located in New Hope, MN, a Minneapolis suburb. As of July 31, 2018, we had funded the full initial loan balance, which appears in other assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; however, we may fund additional amounts upon satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the loan agreement. As of June 30, 2019, the balance of the note was $16.6 million. The note bears an interest rate of 6.0%, matures in July 2023, and provides us an option to purchase the development prior to the loan maturity date.

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

We have determined that our Operating Partnership and each of our less-than-wholly owned real estate partnerships is a variable interest entity (“VIE”), as the limited partners or the functional equivalent of limited partners lack substantive kick-out rights and substantive participating rights. We are the primary beneficiary of the VIEs, and the VIEs are required to be consolidated on our balance sheet because we have a controlling financial interest in the VIEs and have both the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIEs as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIEs that could potentially be significant to the VIEs. Because our Operating Partnership is a VIE, all of our assets and liabilities are held through a VIE.

GAIN ON LITIGATION SETTLEMENT

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we recorded a gain on litigation settlement of $6.3 million from the settlement on a construction defect claim. The gain consisted of $4.0 million of cash received, $937,000 of cash receivable, and $1.4 million of liabilities waived under the terms of the settlement.

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EARNINGS PER SHARE

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

EARNINGS PER SHARE

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of our common shares of beneficial interest (“common shares”) outstanding during the period. We have issued restricted stock units (“RSUs”) under our 2015 Incentive Plan and Series D Convertible Preferred Units ("Series D preferred units"), which could have a dilutive effect on our earnings per share upon exercise of the RSUs or upon conversion of the Series D preferred units (refer to Note 4 for further discussion of the Series D preferred units). Other than the issuance of RSUs and Series D preferred units, we have no outstanding options, warrants, convertible stock or other contractual obligations requiring issuance of additional shares that would result in dilution of earnings. Under the terms of the Operating Partnership’s Agreement of Limited Partnership, limited partners have the right to require the Operating Partnership to redeem their limited partnership units (“Units”) any time following the first anniversary of the date they acquired such Units (“Exchange Right”). Upon the exercise of Exchange Rights, and in our sole discretion, we may issue common shares in exchange for Units on a one-for-one basis.

Performance-based restricted stock awards and RSUs of 37,625 and 9,858 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 37,625 and 9,858, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the assumed proceeds per share plus the average unearned compensation were greater than the average market price of the common stock for the periods presented and, therefore, were anti-dilutive.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:  

	(in thousands, except per share data)
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
NUMERATOR
Income (loss) from continuing operations – controlling interests	$	3,113		$	(20,386	)	$	(1,585	)	$	(26,200	)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations – controlling interests	—			212			—			12,630
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	3,113			(20,174		)	(1,585		)	(13,570		)
Dividends to preferred shareholders	(1,706		)	(1,706		)	(3,411		)	(3,411		)
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share – net income available to common shareholders	1,407			(21,880		)	(4,996		)	(16,981		)
Noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	148			(2,580		)	(595		)	(2,000		)
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	1,555		$	(24,460	)	$	(5,591	)	$	(18,981	)
DENOMINATOR
Denominator for basic earnings per share weighted average shares	11,729			11,928			11,746			11,950
Effect of redeemable operating partnership units	1,226			1,407			1,306			1,416
Denominator for diluted earnings per share	12,955			13,335			13,052			13,366
Earnings (loss) per common share from continuing operations – basic and diluted	$	0.11		$	(1.85	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(2.48	)
Earnings (loss) per common share from discontinued operations – basic and diluted	—			0.02			—			1.06
NET EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE – BASIC & DILUTED	$	0.11		$	(1.83	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(1.42	)

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EQUITY AND MEZZANINE EQUITY

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

EQUITY AND MEZZANINE EQUITY

EQUITY AND MEZZANINE EQUITY

Operating Partnership Units. The Operating Partnership had 1.2 million and 1.4 million outstanding Units at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

Common Shares and Equity Awards. Common shares outstanding on June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, totaled 11.7 million and 11.9 million, respectively. There were 6,511 shares issued upon the vesting of equity awards under our 2015 Incentive Plan during the three months ended June 30, 2019, with a total grant-date fair value of $447,000. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we issued 6,718 shares, with a total grant-date fair value $457,000. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, we issued 5,142 shares, with a total grant-date fair value of $350,000 and 6,226 shares, with a total grant-date fair value of $412,000, respectively, under our 2015 Incentive Plan. These shares vest based on performance and service criteria.

Exchange Rights. Pursuant to the exercise of Exchange Rights, we redeemed Units during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 as detailed in the table below.

	(in thousands, except per Unit amounts)
Three Months Ended June 30,	Number of Units	Aggregate Cost(1)		Average Price Per Unit
2019	133	$	7,968	$	60.01
2018	10	$	510	$	52.72
Six Months Ended June 30,
2019	135	$	8,118	$	60.00
2018	49	$	2,747	$	55.84

(1) The redemption price is determined using the volume weighted average price for the ten trading days prior to the date a unitholder provides notification of their intent to redeem units.

We also redeemed Units in exchange for common shares in connection with Unitholders exercising their Exchange Rights during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 as detailed in the table below.

	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30,	Number of Units	Total Book Value
2019	8	$	521
2018	—	—
Six Months Ended June 30,
2019	8	$	521
2018	3	$	34

Share Repurchase Program. On December 14, 2018, our Board of Trustees reauthorized our $50 million share repurchase program for an additional one-year period. Under this program, we may repurchase common shares in open-market purchases, including pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 plans, as determined by management and in accordance with the requirements of the SEC. The extent to which we repurchase our shares, and the timing of repurchases, will depend on a variety of factors, including market conditions, regulatory requirements, and other corporate considerations, as determined by the executive management team. This program may be suspended or discontinued at any time. As of June 30, 2019, $17.7 million remained available under our $50 million authorized share repurchase program. Common shares repurchased during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are detailed in the table below.

	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months Ended June 30,	Number of Shares	Aggregate Cost(1)		Average Price Per Share(1)
2019	116	$	6,862	$	59.12
2018	38	$	1,972	$	52.23
Six Months Ended June 30,
2019	290	$	15,667	$	54.03
2018	67	$	3,415	$	51.26

(1) Amount includes commissions.

Series C Preferred Shares. Series C preferred shares outstanding were 4.1 million shares at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018. The Series C preferred shares are nonvoting and redeemable for cash at $25.00 per share at our option after October 2, 2022. Holders of these shares are entitled to cumulative distributions, payable quarterly (as and if declared by the Board of Trustees). Distributions accrue at an annual rate of $1.65625 per share, which is equal to 6.625% of the $25.00 per share liquidation preference ($103.0 million liquidation preference in the aggregate).

Series D Preferred Units (Mezzanine Equity). On February 26, 2019, we issued 165,600 newly created Series D preferred units at an issuance price of $100 per preferred unit as partial consideration for the acquisition of SouthFork Townhomes. The Series D preferred unit holders receive a preferred distribution at the rate of 3.862% per year. The Series D preferred units have a put option which allows the holder to redeem any or all of the Series D preferred units for cash equal to the issue price. Each Series D preferred unit is convertible, at the holder's option, into 1.37931 Units, representing a conversion exchange rate of $72.50 per unit.  The holders of the Series D preferred units do not have any voting rights.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (Mezzanine Equity). Redeemable noncontrolling interests on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets represent the noncontrolling interest in joint ventures in which our unaffiliated partner, at its election, could require us to buy its interest at a purchase price to be determined by an appraisal conducted in accordance with the terms of the agreement, or at a negotiated price. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we acquired the remaining 34.5% noncontrolling interests in the real estate partnership that owns Commons and Landing at Southgate for $1.3 million. Below is a table reflecting the activity of the redeemable noncontrolling interests for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

	(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	5,968
Net income	(174		)
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interests	(5,794		)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	—

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation.  In the ordinary course of our operations, we become involved in litigation. At this time, we know of no material pending or threatened legal proceedings, or other proceedings contemplated by governmental authorities, that would have a material impact on us.

Environmental Matters.  Under various federal, state, and local laws, ordinances, and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real estate may be liable for the costs of removal of, or remediation of, certain hazardous or toxic substances in, on, around, or under the property. While we currently have no knowledge of any material violation of environmental laws, ordinances, or regulations at any of our properties, there can be no assurance that areas of contamination will not be identified at any of our properties or that changes in environmental laws, regulations, or cleanup requirements would not result in material costs to us.

Restrictions on Taxable Dispositions.  Twenty-five of our properties, consisting of 4,372 apartment homes, are subject to restrictions on taxable dispositions under agreements entered into with some of the sellers or contributors of the properties and are effective for varying periods. We do not believe that the agreements materially affect the conduct of our business or our decisions whether to dispose of restricted properties during the restriction period because we generally hold these and our other properties for investment purposes rather than for sale. In addition, where we deem it to be in our shareholders' best interests to dispose of such properties, we generally seek to structure sales of such properties as tax deferred transactions under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code (the "Code"). Otherwise, we may be required to provide tax indemnification payments to the parties to these agreements.

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SEGMENT REPORTING

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

SEGMENT REPORTING

SEGMENT REPORTING 

We operate in a single reportable segment which includes the ownership, management, development, redevelopment, and acquisition of apartment communities. Each of our operating properties is considered a separate operating segment because each property earns revenues, incurs expenses, and has discrete financial information. Our chief operating decision-makers evaluate each property's operating results to make decisions about resources to be allocated and to assess performance. We do not group our operations based on geography, size, or type. Our apartment communities have similar long-term economic characteristics and provide similar products and services to our residents. No apartment community comprises more than 10% of consolidated revenues, profits, or assets. Accordingly, our apartment communities are aggregated into a single reportable segment.

Our executive management team comprises our chief operating decision-makers. This team measures the performance of our reportable segment based on net operating income (“NOI”), which we define as total real estate revenues less property operating expenses, including real estate taxes. We believe that NOI is an important supplemental measure of operating performance for real estate because it provides a measure of operations that is unaffected by depreciation, amortization, financing, property management overhead, casualty losses, and general and administrative expense. NOI does not represent cash generated by operating activities in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered an alternative to net income, net income available for common shareholders, or cash flow from operating activities as a measure of financial performance.

The following tables present NOI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, along with reconciliations to net income in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Segment assets are also reconciled to total assets as reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Revenue	$	45,945	$	989	$	46,934
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes	19,111		405		19,516
Net operating income	$	26,834	$	584	$	27,418
Property management					(1,445		)
Casualty gain (loss)					(92		)
Depreciation and amortization					(18,437		)
General and administrative expenses					(3,549		)
Interest expense					(7,590		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(407		)
Interest and other income					468
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments and gain (loss) on litigation settlement					(3,634		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments					615
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement					6,286
Net income (loss)					$	3,267

	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Revenue	$	43,149	$	3,048	$	46,197
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes	17,826		1,111		18,937
Net operating income	$	25,323	$	1,937	$	27,260
Property management					(1,444		)
Depreciation and amortization					(19,132		)
Loss on impairment					(17,809		)
General and administrative expenses					(4,348		)
Interest expense					(8,562		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(12		)
Interest and other income					460
Income (loss) from continuing operations					(23,587		)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations					238
Net income (loss)					$	(23,349	)

	(in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Real estate revenue	$	90,759	$	1,783	$	92,542
Real estate expenses	38,799		753		39,552
Net operating income	$	51,960	$	1,030	$	52,990
Property management expenses					(2,999		)
Casualty gain (loss)					(733		)
Depreciation and amortization					(36,548		)
General and administrative expenses					(7,355		)
Interest expense					(15,486		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(409		)
Interest and other income					892
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments and gain (loss) on litigation settlement					(9,648		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments					669
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement					6,286
Net income (loss)					$	(2,693	)

	(in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Real estate revenue	$	83,203	$	6,029	$	89,232
Real estate expenses	35,954		2,250		38,204
Net operating income	$	47,249	$	3,779	$	51,028
Property management expenses					(2,821		)
Casualty gain (loss)					(50		)
Depreciation and amortization					(39,648		)
Impairment of real estate investments					(17,809		)
General and administrative expenses					(7,967		)
Interest expense					(16,858		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(133		)
Interest and other income					1,149
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments and income (loss) from discontinued operations					(33,109		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments					2,304
Income (loss) from continuing operations					(30,805		)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations					14,120
Net income (loss)					$	(16,685	)

Segment Assets and Accumulated Depreciation

Segment assets are summarized as follows as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, along with reconciliations to the condensed consolidated financial statements:

	(in thousands)
As of June 30, 2019	Multifamily			All Other			Total
Segment assets
Property owned	$	1,628,133		$	35,406		$	1,663,539
Less accumulated depreciation	(371,213		)	(9,108		)	(380,321		)
Total property owned	$	1,256,920		$	26,298		$	1,283,218
Cash and cash equivalents							17,406
Restricted cash							4,672
Other assets							30,626
Unimproved land							1,746
Mortgage loans receivable							10,140
Total Assets							$	1,347,808

	(in thousands)
As of December 31, 2018	Multifamily			All Other			Total
Segment assets
Property owned	$	1,582,917		$	44,719		$	1,627,636
Less accumulated depreciation	(340,081		)	(13,790		)	(353,871		)
Total property owned	$	1,242,836		$	30,929		$	1,273,765
Cash and cash equivalents							13,792
Restricted cash							5,464
Other assets							27,265
Unimproved land							5,301
Mortgage loans receivable							10,410
Total Assets							$	1,335,997

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

We report in discontinued operations the results of operations and the related gains or losses on the sales of properties that have either been disposed of or classified as held for sale and meet the classification of a discontinued operation as described in ASC 205, "Presentation of Financial Statements," and ASC 360, "Property, Plant, and Equipment: Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity." Under this standard, a disposal (or classification as held for sale) of a component of an entity or a group of components of an entity is required to be reported in discontinued operations if the disposal represents a strategic shift that has (or will have) a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results.

We classified no new dispositions or properties held for sale as discontinued operations during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

The following information shows the effect on net income and the gains or losses from the sales of properties classified as discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively:

	(in thousands)
	Three Months Ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019	2018		2019	2018
REVENUE	—	$	157	—	$	353
EXPENSES
Property operating expenses, excluding real estate taxes	—	18		—	25
Real estate taxes	—	—		—	35
Depreciation and amortization	—	—		—	2
General and administrative	—	9		—	14
TOTAL EXPENSES	—	$	27	—	$	76
Operating income (loss)	—	130		—	277
Interest expense	—	—		—	(1		)
Other income	—	10		—	14
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations	—	140		—	290
Gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations	—	98		—	13,830
INCOME (LOSS) FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS	—	$	238	—	$	14,120

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ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Business Combinations [Abstract]

ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS

ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS

ACQUISITIONS

We added $2.1 million of new real estate to our portfolio during the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to no acquisitions in the three months ended June 30, 2018. Our acquisitions during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are detailed below.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

	Date Acquired	(in thousands)
		Total Acquisition Cost		Form of Consideration				Investment Allocation
Acquisitions				Cash		Units(1)		Land		Building		Intangible Assets
Multifamily
272 homes - SouthFork Townhomes- Lakeville, MN	February 26, 2019	$	44,000	$	27,440	$	16,560	$	3,502	$	39,950	$	548
Other
Minot 3100 10th St SW - Minot, ND(2)	May 23, 2019	2,112		2,112		—		246		1,866		—
Total Acquisitions		$	46,112	$	29,552	$	16,560	$	3,748	$	41,816	$	548

(1) Value of Series D preferred units at the acquisition date.

(2) Acquired for use as our new Minot corporate office building after renovations have been completed.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

	Date Acquired	(in thousands)
		Total Acquisition Cost(1)		Investment Allocation
Acquisitions				Land		Building		Intangible Assets
390 homes - Westend - Denver, CO	March 28, 2018	$	128,700	$	25,525	$	102,101	$	1,074
Total Acquisitions		$	128,700	$	25,525	$	102,101	$	1,074

(1) Acquisition cost was paid in cash.

DISPOSITIONS

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we sold one parcel of land and one commercial property for a sale price of $7.3 million. After deductions for closing costs and other costs associated with the dispositions, we recognized a $614,000 gain on sale. During the three months ended June 30, 2018, we had no dispositions. The following tables detail our dispositions for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

		(in thousands)
Dispositions	Date Disposed	Sales Price		Book Value and Sale Cost		Gain/(Loss)
Other
Minot 1400 31st Ave SW - Minot, ND(1)	May 23, 2019	$	6,530	$	6,048	$	482
Unimproved Land
Creekside Crossing - Bismarck, ND	March 1, 2019	3,049		3,205		(156		)
Minot 1525 24th Ave SW - Minot, ND	April 3, 2019	725		593		132
		$	3,774	$	3,798	$	(24	)
Total Dispositions		$	10,304	$	9,846	$	458

(1) This property currently houses our Minot corporate office. During the second quarter of 2019, we purchased an office building which will become our new Minot corporate office after renovations are completed. We will lease space in the Minot 1400 31st Ave SW building until the new office is placed in service.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

		(in thousands)
Dispositions	Date Disposed	Sale Price		Book Value and Sale Cost		Gain/(Loss)
Other
43,404 sq ft Garden View - St. Paul, MN	January 19, 2018	$	14,000	$	6,191	$	7,809
52,116 sq ft Ritchie Medical - St. Paul, MN	January 19, 2018	16,500		10,419		6,081
22,187 sq ft Bismarck 715 East Broadway - Bismarck, ND	March 7, 2018	5,500		3,215		2,285
Total Dispositions		$	36,000	$	19,825	$	16,175

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DEBT

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

DEBT

DEBT

As of June 30, 2019, we owned 88 apartment communities, of which 39 served as collateral for mortgage loans. Substantially all of these mortgage loans were non-recourse to us other than for standard carve-out obligations. As of June 30, 2019, we believe that there are no material defaults or instances of noncompliance in regards to any of these mortgages payable.

As of June 30, 2019, we owned 49 apartment communities that were not encumbered by mortgages, with 35 of those properties providing credit support for our unsecured borrowings. Our primary unsecured credit facility is a revolving, multi-bank line of credit, with the Bank of Montreal serving as administrative agent. Our line of credit has total commitments of $250.0 million, with borrowing capacity based on the value of properties contained in the unencumbered asset pool ("UAP"). As of June 30, 2019, the UAP provided for a borrowing capacity of $250.0 million, with additional borrowing availability of $72.1 million beyond the $177.9 million drawn, including the balance on our operating line of credit (discussed below). This credit facility matures on August 31, 2022, with one twelve-month option to extend the maturity date at our election.

We have unsecured term loans of $70.0 million and $75.0 million, which mature on January 15, 2024 and on August 31, 2025, respectively.

The interest rates on the line of credit and term loans are based, at our option, on either the lender's base rate plus a margin, ranging from 35-85 basis points, or the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"), plus a margin that ranges from 135-190 basis points based on our consolidated leverage. Our line of credit and term loans are subject to customary financial covenants and limitations. We believe that we are in compliance with all such financial covenants and limitations as of June 30, 2019.

We also have a $6.0 million operating line of credit. This operating line of credit is designed to enhance treasury management activities and more effectively manage cash balances. This operating line has a one-year term, with pricing based on a market spread plus the one-month LIBOR index rate. As of June 30, 2019, we had $4.6 million outstanding on this operating line compared to no outstanding balance as of December 31, 2018.

The following table summarizes our indebtedness at June 30, 2019:

	(in thousands)
	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			Weighted Average Maturity in Years at June 30, 2019
Unsecured lines of credit(1)	$	162,939		$	57,500		3.1
Term loans	145,000			145,000			5.4
Unsecured debt	307,939			202,500
Secured line of credit(1)	15,000			—			3.2
Mortgages payable - fixed	371,951			445,974			4.2
Total debt	$	694,890		$	648,474		4.2
Weighted average interest rate on primary line of credit (rate with swap)	3.94		%	3.72		%
Weighted average interest rate on operating line of credit	4.39		%	—
Weighted average interest rate on term loans (rate with swap)	4.14		%	4.01		%
Weighted average interest rate on mortgages payable	4.37		%	4.58		%

(1) Our revolving line of credit consists primarily of unsecured borrowings. A portion of the line was secured in connection with our acquisition of SouthFork Townhomes, under an agreement that allowed us to offer the seller tax protection upon purchase.

The aggregate amount of required future principal payments on mortgages payable and term loans as of June 30, 2019, was as follows:

	(in thousands)
2019 (remainder)	$	10,896
2020	42,093
2021	97,137
2022	40,741
2023	48,359
Thereafter	277,725
Total payments	$	516,951

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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Our objective in using interest rate derivatives is to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. To accomplish this objective, we primarily use interest rate swap contracts to fix the variable interest rate on our term loans and a portion of our revolving line of credit. The interest rate swap contracts qualify as cash flow hedges.

Under ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, the ineffective portion of a hedging instrument is not required to be recognized currently in earnings or disclosed. Changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive income for our interest rate swap will be reclassified to interest expense as interest expense is incurred on our term loans. During the next twelve months, we estimate an additional $1.0 million will be reclassified as an increase to interest expense.

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, we entered into a $50.0 million interest rate swap to fix the interest rate on a portion of our primary line of credit.

At June 30, 2019, we had three interest rate swap contracts in effect with a notional amount of $195.0 million and one additional interest rate swap that becomes effective on January 31, 2023, with a notional amount of $70.0 million.

The table below presents the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

		(in thousands)				(in thousands)
		June 30, 2019	December 31, 2018			June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value	Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Fair Value
Total derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments - interest rate swaps	Other Assets	—	$	818	Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses	$	7,598	$	1,675

The table below presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as of June 30, 2019 and 2018.

	(in thousands)
	Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI					Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income	Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
Three months ended June 30,	2019			2018			2019			2018
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships - Interest rate contracts	$	(4,430	)	$	438	Interest expense	$	(29	)	$	27
Six months ended June 30,
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships - Interest rate contracts	$	(6,712	)	$	2,158	Interest expense	$	(30	)	$	129

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities are carried at amounts that reasonably approximate their fair value due to their short-term nature. For variable rate line of credit debt that re-prices frequently, fair values are based on carrying values.

In determining the fair value of other financial instruments, we apply FASB ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures." Fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (Levels 1 and 2) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions (Level 3). Fair value estimates may differ from the amounts that may ultimately be realized upon sale or disposition of the assets and liabilities.

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

The fair value of our interest rate swaps is determined using the market standard methodology of netting discounted expected variable cash payments and receipts. The variable cash payments and receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates (a forward curve) derived from observable market interest rate curves. We also consider both our own nonperformance risk and the counterparty's nonperformance risk in the fair value measurement (Level 3).

Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis

There were no non-financial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at June 30, 2019. Non-financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2018, consisted of real estate investments that were written-down to estimated fair value during the transition period ended December 31, 2018. The aggregate fair value of these assets by their levels in the fair value hierarchy is as follows:

	(in thousands)
	Total		Level 1	Level 2	Level 3
December 31, 2018
Real estate investments valued at fair value	$	3,049	—	—	$	3,049

As of December 31, 2018, we estimated the fair value of our real estate investments using a market offer to purchase.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value

The fair value of mortgages payable and mortgage and notes receivable are estimated based on the discounted cash flows of the loans using market research and management estimates of comparable interest rates (Level 3).

The estimated fair values of our financial instruments as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, are as follows:

	(in thousands)
	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	17,406	$	17,406	$	13,792	$	13,792
Mortgage and note receivable	$	26,697	$	26,697	$	26,809	$	26,809
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Revolving lines of credit(1)	$	177,939	$	177,939	$	57,500	$	57,500
Term loans(1)	$	145,000	$	145,000	$	145,000	$	145,000
Mortgages payable	$	371,951	$	375,698	$	445,974	$	444,241

(1)

Excluding the effect of interest rate swap agreements.

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SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Share-based awards are provided to officers, non-officer employees, and trustees under our 2015 Incentive Plan approved by shareholders on September 15, 2015, which allows for awards in the form of cash, unrestricted and restricted common shares, and restricted stock units ("RSUs") up to an aggregate of 425,000 shares over the ten-year period in which the plan will be in effect. Under our 2015 Incentive Plan, officers and non-officer employees may earn share awards under a long-term incentive plan, which is a forward-looking program that measures long-term performance over the stated performance period. These

awards are payable to the extent deemed earned in shares. The terms of the long-term incentive awards granted under the revised program may vary from year to year.

2019 LTIP Awards

Awards granted to officers on March 8, 2019, consist of time-based RSU awards for 6,391 shares and performance-based RSU awards based on relative total shareholder return (“TSR”), for 12,781 shares. All of these awards are classified as equity awards. The time-based RSU awards vest as to one-third of the shares on each of March 8, 2020, March 8, 2021, and March 8, 2022.

The performance-based RSU awards are earned based on our TSR as compared to the MSCI U.S. REIT Index over a forward-looking three-year period. The maximum number of RSUs eligible to be earned under this performance-based award is 25,562 RSUs, which is 200% of the RSUs granted. Earned awards (if any) will fully vest as of the last day of the measurement period. These awards have market conditions in addition to service conditions that must be met for the awards to vest. We recognize compensation expense ratably based on the grant date fair value, as determined using the Monte Carlo valuation model, regardless of whether the market conditions are achieved and the awards ultimately vest. Therefore, previously recorded compensation expense is not adjusted in the event that the market conditions are not achieved. We based the expected volatility on the historical volatility of our daily closing share price, the risk-free interest rate on the interest rates on U.S. treasury bonds with a maturity equal to the remaining performance period of the award, and the expected term on the performance period of the award. The assumptions used to value the performance RSU awards were an expected volatility of 25.5%, a risk-free interest rate of 2.43%, and an expected life of 2.82 years. The share price at the grant date, March 8, 2019, was $58.06 per share.

Awards granted to trustees on May 17, 2019, consist of 812 RSUs which vested immediately and awards granted on June 13, 2019 consist of 7,521 time-based RSU awards which vest on June 13, 2020. All of these awards are classified as equity awards.

Total Compensation Expense

Share-based compensation expense recognized in the consolidated financial statements for all outstanding share-based awards was $981,000 and $611,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The increase in expense was primarily due to the timing of award grants in connection with the change in our fiscal year end, additional officers included in award grants, and a decrease in forfeitures in the current period compared to the prior period.

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SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On August 6, 2019, we closed a $59.9 million mortgage loan. This mortgage loan is secured by four multifamily communities and is priced at a fixed rate of 3.88% for the full twelve-year term of the loan. Proceeds from this loan will be used to pay down balances under our line of credit.

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

We conduct a majority of our business activities through our consolidated operating partnership, IRET Properties, A North Dakota Limited Partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), as well as through a number of other consolidated subsidiary entities. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of all our subsidiaries in which we maintain a controlling interest, including the Operating Partnership. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. On September 20, 2018, our Board of Trustees approved a change in our fiscal year-end from April 30 to December 31, beginning on January 1, 2019. We filed a transition report on Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018, in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. Beginning on January 1, 2019, all fiscal years will be from January 1 to December 31.

On December 14, 2018, the Board approved a reverse stock split of our outstanding common shares, no par value per share, and limited partnership units ("Units") at a ratio of 1-for-10. The reverse stock split was effective as of the close of trading on December 27, 2018, with trade commencing on a split-adjusted basis on December 28, 2018. We have adjusted all shares and Units and per share and Unit data for all periods presented.

The condensed consolidated financial statements also reflect the Operating Partnership's ownership of certain joint venture entities in which the Operating Partnership has a general partner or controlling interest. These entities are consolidated into our operations, with noncontrolling interests reflecting the noncontrolling partners’ share of ownership, income, and expenses.

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, certain disclosures accompanying annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP are omitted. The year-end balance sheet data was derived from audited consolidated financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments necessary for the fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods, have been included.

The current period’s results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results which ultimately may be achieved for the year. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Transition Report on Form 10-KT for the transition period ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the SEC on February 27, 2019.

USE OF ESTIMATES

USE OF ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

The following table provides a brief description of recent accounting standards updates (“ASUs”).

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2016-02, Leases; ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; ASU 2018-11, Leases: Targeted Improvements; ASU 2018-20, Leases (Topic 842) - Narrow-Scope Improvements for Leases	These ASUs amend existing accounting standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet and making certain changes to lessor accounting.	These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. We adopted these standards using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2019.	Our residential leases, where we are the lessor, will continue to be accounted for as operating leases under the new standards. As a result of adopting these standards, there were no significant changes in the accounting for lease revenue. For leases where we are the lessee, we recognized a right of use asset and lease liability of $889,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. There are also additional disclosures required under the new standard. Refer to the Leases section below for more information regarding the impact of adopting the standards on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments; ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326; ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Targeted Transition Relief	These ASUs require entities to estimate a lifetime expected credit loss for most financial assets, such as loans and other financial instruments, and to present the net amount expected to be collected. In 2018, another ASU was issued to amend ASU 2016-13, which clarifies that it does not apply to operating lease receivables. In 2019, an additional ASU was issued to provide transition relief in which an entity is allowed to elect the fair value option on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon adoption of Topic 326.	These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standards will have on our mortgage and note receivables.
ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirement for Fair Value Measurements	This ASU eliminates certain disclosure requirements affecting all levels of measurement, and modifies and adds new disclosure requirements for Level 3 measurements.	This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standard may have on our disclosures.
ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Topic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract	This ASU reduces the complexity for the accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement. The standard aligns various requirements for capitalizing implementation costs.	This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842) - Codification Improvements	This ASU provides clarification on various lease related issues and provides for reduced transition disclosure requirements.	This ASU has two effective dates. The various lease issues are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The transition disclosures are effective with the ASU 2016-02, Leases. We adopted this standard using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2019.	The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Refer to the Leases section below for transition disclosures.

LEASES

LEASES

Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASUs 2016-02, 2018-10, 2018-11, 2018-20, and 2019-01 related to leases using the modified retrospective approach. We elected to adopt the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which permits us to not reassess prior conclusions about lease identification, classification, and initial direct costs under the new standard, and the practical expedient related to land easements, which allows us to not evaluate existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for under ASC 840. We made an accounting policy election to exclude leases in which we are a lessee with a term of 12 months or less from the balance sheet.

As a lessor, we primarily lease multifamily apartment homes which qualify as operating leases with terms that are generally one year or less. Rental revenues are recognized in accordance with ASC 842, Leases, using a method that represents a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rental income represents approximately 98.0% of our total revenues and includes gross market rent less adjustments for concessions, vacancy loss, and bad debt. Other property revenues represent the remaining 2.0% of our total revenues and are primarily driven by other fee income, which is typically recognized at a point in time.

Some of our apartment communities have commercial spaces available for lease. Lease terms for these spaces typically range from three to fifteen years. The leases for commercial spaces generally include options to extend the lease for additional terms.

Many of our leases contain non-lease components for utility reimbursement from our residents and common area maintenance from our commercial tenants. We have elected the practical expedient to combine lease and non-lease components for all asset classes. The combined components are included in lease income and are accounted for under ASC 842.

REVENUES

REVENUES

We adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as of May 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach. We elected to apply the new standard to contracts that were not complete as of May 1, 2018. We also elected to omit disclosing the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less. Under the new standard, revenue is recognized in accordance with the transfer of goods and services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled for those goods and services.

Revenue streams that are included in ASU 2014-09 include:

• Other property revenues: We recognize revenue for rental related income not included as a component of a lease, such as application fees, as earned, and have concluded that this is appropriate under the new standard.

• Gains or losses on sales of real estate: Subsequent to the adoption of the new standard, a gain or loss is recognized when the criteria for derecognition of an asset are met, including when (1) a contract exists and (2) the buyer obtained

control of the nonfinancial asset that was sold. As a result, we may recognize a gain on real estate disposition transactions that previously did not qualify as a sale or for full profit recognition under the previous accounting standard.

IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS

IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS

We periodically evaluate our long-lived assets, including investments in real estate, for impairment indicators. The impairment evaluation is performed on assets by property such that assets for a property form an asset group. The judgments regarding the existence of impairment indicators are based on factors such as operational performance, market conditions, expected holding period of each asset group, and legal and environmental concerns. If indicators exist, we compare the expected future undiscounted cash flows for the long-lived asset group against the carrying amount of that asset group. If the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset group, an impairment loss is recorded for the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying amount of the asset group. If our anticipated holding period for properties, the estimated fair value of properties, or other factors change based on market conditions or otherwise, our evaluation of impairment charges may be different and such differences could be material to our consolidated financial statements. The evaluation of anticipated cash flows is subjective and is based, in part, on assumptions regarding future occupancy, rental rates, and capital requirements that could differ materially from actual results. Reducing planned property holding periods may increase the likelihood of recording impairment losses.

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

We have determined that our Operating Partnership and each of our less-than-wholly owned real estate partnerships is a variable interest entity (“VIE”), as the limited partners or the functional equivalent of limited partners lack substantive kick-out rights and substantive participating rights. We are the primary beneficiary of the VIEs, and the VIEs are required to be consolidated on our balance sheet because we have a controlling financial interest in the VIEs and have both the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIEs as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIEs that could potentially be significant to the VIEs. Because our Operating Partnership is a VIE, all of our assets and liabilities are held through a VIE.

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of New Accounting Pronouncements

The following table provides a brief description of recent accounting standards updates (“ASUs”).

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on the Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
ASU 2016-02, Leases; ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; ASU 2018-11, Leases: Targeted Improvements; ASU 2018-20, Leases (Topic 842) - Narrow-Scope Improvements for Leases	These ASUs amend existing accounting standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet and making certain changes to lessor accounting.	These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. We adopted these standards using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2019.	Our residential leases, where we are the lessor, will continue to be accounted for as operating leases under the new standards. As a result of adopting these standards, there were no significant changes in the accounting for lease revenue. For leases where we are the lessee, we recognized a right of use asset and lease liability of $889,000 and $1.0 million, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. There are also additional disclosures required under the new standard. Refer to the Leases section below for more information regarding the impact of adopting the standards on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments; ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326; ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses - Targeted Transition Relief	These ASUs require entities to estimate a lifetime expected credit loss for most financial assets, such as loans and other financial instruments, and to present the net amount expected to be collected. In 2018, another ASU was issued to amend ASU 2016-13, which clarifies that it does not apply to operating lease receivables. In 2019, an additional ASU was issued to provide transition relief in which an entity is allowed to elect the fair value option on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon adoption of Topic 326.	These ASUs are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standards will have on our mortgage and note receivables.
ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirement for Fair Value Measurements	This ASU eliminates certain disclosure requirements affecting all levels of measurement, and modifies and adds new disclosure requirements for Level 3 measurements.	This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standard may have on our disclosures.
ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Topic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract	This ASU reduces the complexity for the accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement. The standard aligns various requirements for capitalizing implementation costs.	This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted.	We are currently evaluating the impact the new standard may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842) - Codification Improvements	This ASU provides clarification on various lease related issues and provides for reduced transition disclosure requirements.	This ASU has two effective dates. The various lease issues are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019. The transition disclosures are effective with the ASU 2016-02, Leases. We adopted this standard using the modified retrospective approach effective January 1, 2019.	The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. Refer to the Leases section below for transition disclosures.

Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

	(in thousands)
Balance sheet description	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents	$	17,406	$	20,451
Restricted cash	4,672		4,454
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	22,078	$	24,905

Future Scheduled Lease Income for Operating Leases

The aggregate amount of future scheduled lease income on our operating leases for commercial spaces, excluding any variable lease income and non-lease components, as of June 30, 2019, was as follows:

	(in thousands)
2019 (remainder)	$	1,672
2020	3,014
2021	3,017
2022	3,021
2023	2,895
Thereafter	7,501
Total scheduled lease income - operating leases	$	21,120

Schedule of Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table presents the disaggregation of revenue streams for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019:

		(in thousands)
		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenue Stream	Applicable Standard	2019		2018		2019		2018
Fixed lease income - operating leases	Leases	$	44,342	$	43,193	$	88,084	$	83,314
Variable lease income - operating leases	Leases	1,548		—		2,632		—
Non-lease components	Revenue from contracts with customers	—		1,335		—		2,546
Other property revenue	Revenue from contracts with customers	1,044		1,669		1,826		3,372
Total revenue		$	46,934	$	46,197	$	92,542	$	89,232

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EARNINGS PER SHARE (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Numerator and Denominator Used To Calculate Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share

The following table presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:  

	(in thousands, except per share data)
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018
NUMERATOR
Income (loss) from continuing operations – controlling interests	$	3,113		$	(20,386	)	$	(1,585	)	$	(26,200	)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations – controlling interests	—			212			—			12,630
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	3,113			(20,174		)	(1,585		)	(13,570		)
Dividends to preferred shareholders	(1,706		)	(1,706		)	(3,411		)	(3,411		)
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share – net income available to common shareholders	1,407			(21,880		)	(4,996		)	(16,981		)
Noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	148			(2,580		)	(595		)	(2,000		)
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share	$	1,555		$	(24,460	)	$	(5,591	)	$	(18,981	)
DENOMINATOR
Denominator for basic earnings per share weighted average shares	11,729			11,928			11,746			11,950
Effect of redeemable operating partnership units	1,226			1,407			1,306			1,416
Denominator for diluted earnings per share	12,955			13,335			13,052			13,366
Earnings (loss) per common share from continuing operations – basic and diluted	$	0.11		$	(1.85	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(2.48	)
Earnings (loss) per common share from discontinued operations – basic and diluted	—			0.02			—			1.06
NET EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE – BASIC & DILUTED	$	0.11		$	(1.83	)	$	(0.43	)	$	(1.42	)

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EQUITY AND MEZZANINE EQUITY (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of Conversions of Stock

Pursuant to the exercise of Exchange Rights, we redeemed Units during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 as detailed in the table below.

	(in thousands, except per Unit amounts)
Three Months Ended June 30,	Number of Units	Aggregate Cost(1)		Average Price Per Unit
2019	133	$	7,968	$	60.01
2018	10	$	510	$	52.72
Six Months Ended June 30,
2019	135	$	8,118	$	60.00
2018	49	$	2,747	$	55.84

(1) The redemption price is determined using the volume weighted average price for the ten trading days prior to the date a unitholder provides notification of their intent to redeem units.

We also redeemed Units in exchange for common shares in connection with Unitholders exercising their Exchange Rights during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 as detailed in the table below.

	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30,	Number of Units	Total Book Value
2019	8	$	521
2018	—	—
Six Months Ended June 30,
2019	8	$	521
2018	3	$	34

Schedule of Repurchase Program

Common shares repurchased during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are detailed in the table below.

	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months Ended June 30,	Number of Shares	Aggregate Cost(1)		Average Price Per Share(1)
2019	116	$	6,862	$	59.12
2018	38	$	1,972	$	52.23
Six Months Ended June 30,
2019	290	$	15,667	$	54.03
2018	67	$	3,415	$	51.26

(1) Amount includes commissions.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest

Below is a table reflecting the activity of the redeemable noncontrolling interests for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

	(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	5,968
Net income	(174		)
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interests	(5,794		)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	—

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SEGMENT REPORTING (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Revenues and Net Operating Income for Reportable Segments

The following tables present NOI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, along with reconciliations to net income in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Segment assets are also reconciled to total assets as reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Revenue	$	45,945	$	989	$	46,934
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes	19,111		405		19,516
Net operating income	$	26,834	$	584	$	27,418
Property management					(1,445		)
Casualty gain (loss)					(92		)
Depreciation and amortization					(18,437		)
General and administrative expenses					(3,549		)
Interest expense					(7,590		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(407		)
Interest and other income					468
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments and gain (loss) on litigation settlement					(3,634		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments					615
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement					6,286
Net income (loss)					$	3,267

	(in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Revenue	$	43,149	$	3,048	$	46,197
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes	17,826		1,111		18,937
Net operating income	$	25,323	$	1,937	$	27,260
Property management					(1,444		)
Depreciation and amortization					(19,132		)
Loss on impairment					(17,809		)
General and administrative expenses					(4,348		)
Interest expense					(8,562		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(12		)
Interest and other income					460
Income (loss) from continuing operations					(23,587		)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations					238
Net income (loss)					$	(23,349	)

	(in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Real estate revenue	$	90,759	$	1,783	$	92,542
Real estate expenses	38,799		753		39,552
Net operating income	$	51,960	$	1,030	$	52,990
Property management expenses					(2,999		)
Casualty gain (loss)					(733		)
Depreciation and amortization					(36,548		)
General and administrative expenses					(7,355		)
Interest expense					(15,486		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(409		)
Interest and other income					892
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments and gain (loss) on litigation settlement					(9,648		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments					669
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement					6,286
Net income (loss)					$	(2,693	)

	(in thousands)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018	Multifamily		All Other		Total
Real estate revenue	$	83,203	$	6,029	$	89,232
Real estate expenses	35,954		2,250		38,204
Net operating income	$	47,249	$	3,779	$	51,028
Property management expenses					(2,821		)
Casualty gain (loss)					(50		)
Depreciation and amortization					(39,648		)
Impairment of real estate investments					(17,809		)
General and administrative expenses					(7,967		)
Interest expense					(16,858		)
Loss on debt extinguishment					(133		)
Interest and other income					1,149
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments and income (loss) from discontinued operations					(33,109		)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments					2,304
Income (loss) from continuing operations					(30,805		)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations					14,120
Net income (loss)					$	(16,685	)

Segment Assets and Accumulated Depreciation

Segment assets are summarized as follows as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, along with reconciliations to the condensed consolidated financial statements:

	(in thousands)
As of June 30, 2019	Multifamily			All Other			Total
Segment assets
Property owned	$	1,628,133		$	35,406		$	1,663,539
Less accumulated depreciation	(371,213		)	(9,108		)	(380,321		)
Total property owned	$	1,256,920		$	26,298		$	1,283,218
Cash and cash equivalents							17,406
Restricted cash							4,672
Other assets							30,626
Unimproved land							1,746
Mortgage loans receivable							10,140
Total Assets							$	1,347,808

	(in thousands)
As of December 31, 2018	Multifamily			All Other			Total
Segment assets
Property owned	$	1,582,917		$	44,719		$	1,627,636
Less accumulated depreciation	(340,081		)	(13,790		)	(353,871		)
Total property owned	$	1,242,836		$	30,929		$	1,273,765
Cash and cash equivalents							13,792
Restricted cash							5,464
Other assets							27,265
Unimproved land							5,301
Mortgage loans receivable							10,410
Total Assets							$	1,335,997

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]

Effect on Net Income and Gains or Losses From Sale Of Properties Classified as Discontinued Operations

The following information shows the effect on net income and the gains or losses from the sales of properties classified as discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively:

	(in thousands)
	Three Months Ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019	2018		2019	2018
REVENUE	—	$	157	—	$	353
EXPENSES
Property operating expenses, excluding real estate taxes	—	18		—	25
Real estate taxes	—	—		—	35
Depreciation and amortization	—	—		—	2
General and administrative	—	9		—	14
TOTAL EXPENSES	—	$	27	—	$	76
Operating income (loss)	—	130		—	277
Interest expense	—	—		—	(1		)
Other income	—	10		—	14
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations	—	140		—	290
Gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations	—	98		—	13,830
INCOME (LOSS) FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS	—	$	238	—	$	14,120

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ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Schedule of Acquisitions

Our acquisitions during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are detailed below.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

	Date Acquired	(in thousands)
		Total Acquisition Cost		Form of Consideration				Investment Allocation
Acquisitions				Cash		Units(1)		Land		Building		Intangible Assets
Multifamily
272 homes - SouthFork Townhomes- Lakeville, MN	February 26, 2019	$	44,000	$	27,440	$	16,560	$	3,502	$	39,950	$	548
Other
Minot 3100 10th St SW - Minot, ND(2)	May 23, 2019	2,112		2,112		—		246		1,866		—
Total Acquisitions		$	46,112	$	29,552	$	16,560	$	3,748	$	41,816	$	548

(1) Value of Series D preferred units at the acquisition date.

(2) Acquired for use as our new Minot corporate office building after renovations have been completed.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

	Date Acquired	(in thousands)
		Total Acquisition Cost(1)		Investment Allocation
Acquisitions				Land		Building		Intangible Assets
390 homes - Westend - Denver, CO	March 28, 2018	$	128,700	$	25,525	$	102,101	$	1,074
Total Acquisitions		$	128,700	$	25,525	$	102,101	$	1,074

(1)

Acquisition cost was paid in cash.

Schedule of Dispositions

The following tables detail our dispositions for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018:

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019

		(in thousands)
Dispositions	Date Disposed	Sales Price		Book Value and Sale Cost		Gain/(Loss)
Other
Minot 1400 31st Ave SW - Minot, ND(1)	May 23, 2019	$	6,530	$	6,048	$	482
Unimproved Land
Creekside Crossing - Bismarck, ND	March 1, 2019	3,049		3,205		(156		)
Minot 1525 24th Ave SW - Minot, ND	April 3, 2019	725		593		132
		$	3,774	$	3,798	$	(24	)
Total Dispositions		$	10,304	$	9,846	$	458

(1) This property currently houses our Minot corporate office. During the second quarter of 2019, we purchased an office building which will become our new Minot corporate office after renovations are completed. We will lease space in the Minot 1400 31st Ave SW building until the new office is placed in service.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

		(in thousands)
Dispositions	Date Disposed	Sale Price		Book Value and Sale Cost		Gain/(Loss)
Other
43,404 sq ft Garden View - St. Paul, MN	January 19, 2018	$	14,000	$	6,191	$	7,809
52,116 sq ft Ritchie Medical - St. Paul, MN	January 19, 2018	16,500		10,419		6,081
22,187 sq ft Bismarck 715 East Broadway - Bismarck, ND	March 7, 2018	5,500		3,215		2,285
Total Dispositions		$	36,000	$	19,825	$	16,175

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DEBT (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Debt

The following table summarizes our indebtedness at June 30, 2019:

	(in thousands)
	June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			Weighted Average Maturity in Years at June 30, 2019
Unsecured lines of credit(1)	$	162,939		$	57,500		3.1
Term loans	145,000			145,000			5.4
Unsecured debt	307,939			202,500
Secured line of credit(1)	15,000			—			3.2
Mortgages payable - fixed	371,951			445,974			4.2
Total debt	$	694,890		$	648,474		4.2
Weighted average interest rate on primary line of credit (rate with swap)	3.94		%	3.72		%
Weighted average interest rate on operating line of credit	4.39		%	—
Weighted average interest rate on term loans (rate with swap)	4.14		%	4.01		%
Weighted average interest rate on mortgages payable	4.37		%	4.58		%

(1)

Our revolving line of credit consists primarily of unsecured borrowings. A portion of the line was secured in connection with our acquisition of SouthFork Townhomes, under an agreement that allowed us to offer the seller tax protection upon purchase.

Aggregate Amount of Required Future Principal Payments on Mortgages Payable

The aggregate amount of required future principal payments on mortgages payable and term loans as of June 30, 2019, was as follows:

	(in thousands)
2019 (remainder)	$	10,896
2020	42,093
2021	97,137
2022	40,741
2023	48,359
Thereafter	277,725
Total payments	$	516,951

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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Instruments

The table below presents the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

		(in thousands)				(in thousands)
		June 30, 2019	December 31, 2018			June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value	Fair Value		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value		Fair Value
Total derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments - interest rate swaps	Other Assets	—	$	818	Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses	$	7,598	$	1,675

Schedule of Derivative Instruments

The table below presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as of June 30, 2019 and 2018.

	(in thousands)
	Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI					Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income	Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
Three months ended June 30,	2019			2018			2019			2018
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships - Interest rate contracts	$	(4,430	)	$	438	Interest expense	$	(29	)	$	27
Six months ended June 30,
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships - Interest rate contracts	$	(6,712	)	$	2,158	Interest expense	$	(30	)	$	129

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis

The aggregate fair value of these assets by their levels in the fair value hierarchy is as follows:

	(in thousands)
	Total		Level 1	Level 2	Level 3
December 31, 2018
Real estate investments valued at fair value	$	3,049	—	—	$	3,049

Estimated Fair Values of Financial Instruments

The estimated fair values of our financial instruments as of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, are as follows:

	(in thousands)
	June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	17,406	$	17,406	$	13,792	$	13,792
Mortgage and note receivable	$	26,697	$	26,697	$	26,809	$	26,809
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Revolving lines of credit(1)	$	177,939	$	177,939	$	57,500	$	57,500
Term loans(1)	$	145,000	$	145,000	$	145,000	$	145,000
Mortgages payable	$	371,951	$	375,698	$	445,974	$	444,241

(1) Excluding the effect of interest rate swap agreements.

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ORGANIZATION (Details)	Jun. 30, 2019 property unit
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of real estate properties	88
Apartment Properties
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of real estate properties	88
Number of apartment units | unit	13,975

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Basis Of Presentation (Details)	Dec. 27, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Reverse stock split	0.10

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Recent Accounting Pronouncements (Details) - Accounting Standards Update 2016-02 $ in Thousands	Jan. 01, 2019 USD ($)
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Right of use asset	$ 889
Lease liability	$ 1,000

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 17,406	$ 13,792	$ 20,451
Restricted cash	4,672	5,464	4,454
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$ 22,078	$ 19,256	$ 24,905	$ 286,226

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Leases (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Lessor, Operating Lease, Payments, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
2019 (remainder)	$ 1,672
2020	3,014
2021	3,017
2022	3,021
2023	2,895
Thereafter	7,501
Total	$ 21,120
Minimum
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Term of contract	3 years
Maximum
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Term of contract	15 years
Rental Income | Revenue | Product Concentration Risk
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Concentration risk	98.00%
Fee Income | Revenue | Product Concentration Risk
Lessor, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Concentration risk	2.00%

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Fixed lease income	$ 44,342	$ 43,193	$ 88,084	$ 83,314
Variable lease income	1,548	0	2,632	0
Revenues	46,934	46,197	92,542	89,232
Non-Lease Components
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	0	1,335	0	2,546
Other Property Revenue
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue from contracts with customers	$ 1,044	$ 1,669	$ 1,826	$ 3,372

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Impairment of Long-Lived Assets (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Long Lived Assets Held-for-sale [Line Items]
Impairment of real estate investments	$ 0	$ 17,809,000	$ 0	$ 17,809,000
Grand Forks, North Dakota | Apartment Building
Long Lived Assets Held-for-sale [Line Items]
Impairment of real estate investments				12,200,000
Grand Forks, North Dakota | Land
Long Lived Assets Held-for-sale [Line Items]
Impairment of real estate investments				1,500,000
Bloomington, Minnesota | Industrial Property
Long Lived Assets Held-for-sale [Line Items]
Impairment of real estate investments				1,400,000
Woodbury, Minnesota | Industrial Property
Long Lived Assets Held-for-sale [Line Items]
Impairment of real estate investments				922,000
Property In Minot ND | Retail Property
Long Lived Assets Held-for-sale [Line Items]
Impairment of real estate investments				630,000
Williston, North Dakota | Land
Long Lived Assets Held-for-sale [Line Items]
Impairment of real estate investments				428,000
Bismarck, North Dakota | Land
Long Lived Assets Held-for-sale [Line Items]
Impairment of real estate investments				$ 709,000

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Mortgage Receivable and Notes Receivable (Details) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Aug. 31, 2017 USD ($) property	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) community	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2017 USD ($)
MORTGAGE RECEIVABLE AND NOTES RECEIVABLE
Mortgage loans receivable	$ 11,000	$ 10,100		$ 10,100
Loans receivable, communities remaining in the pool of assets used to secure the mortgage | community		12
Interest income		$ 402	$ 429	809	$ 1,102
Multi-Family Residential
MORTGAGE RECEIVABLE AND NOTES RECEIVABLE
Interest rate		6.00%
Loan commitment						$ 16,200
Loans receivable		$ 16,600		16,600
Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale | Multi-Family Residential
MORTGAGE RECEIVABLE AND NOTES RECEIVABLE
Number of real estate properties sold | property	13
Interest rate		5.50%
Interest income				$ 285	$ 305

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - Gain on Litigation Settlement (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement	$ 6,286,000	$ 0	$ 6,286,000	$ 0
Cash received from gain on litigation settlement	4,000,000.0
Cash receivable from gain on litigation settlement	937,000
Liabilities waived due to litigation settlement	$ 1,400,000

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EARNINGS PER SHARE (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Ratio of unites exchanged for shares	1
NUMERATOR
Income (loss) from continuing operations – controlling interests	$ 3,113	$ (20,386)	$ (1,585)	$ (26,200)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations – controlling interests	0	212	0	12,630
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests	3,113	(20,174)	(1,585)	(13,570)
Dividends to preferred shareholders	(1,706)	(1,706)	(3,411)	(3,411)
NET INCOME (LOSS) AVAILABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS	1,407	(21,880)	(4,996)	(16,981)
Noncontrolling interests – Operating Partnership	148	(2,580)	(595)	(2,000)
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share	$ 1,555	$ (24,460)	$ (5,591)	$ (18,981)
DENOMINATOR
Denominator for basic earnings per share weighted average shares (in shares) | shares	11,729,000	11,928,000	11,746,000	11,950,000
Effect of redeemable operating partnership units (in shares) | shares	1,226,000	1,407,000	1,306,000	1,416,000
Denominator for diluted earnings per share (in shares) | shares	12,955,000	13,335,000	13,052,000	13,366,000
Earnings (loss) per common share from continuing operations – basic and diluted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.11	$ (1.85)	$ (0.43)	$ (2.48)
Earnings (loss) per common share from discontinued operations – basic and diluted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	0	0.02	0	1.06
NET EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE – BASIC & DILUTED (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 0.11	$ (1.83)	$ (0.43)	$ (1.42)
Performance Shares and Restricted Stock Units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive securities excluded (in shares) | shares	37,625	9,858	37,625	9,858

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EQUITY AND MEZZANINE EQUITY - Additional Information (Details) - USD ($)			3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Feb. 26, 2019	Dec. 14, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018
Equity
Noncontrolling interests - operating partnership (in shares)			1,224,000		1,224,000		1,368,000
Common stock outstanding (in shares)			11,656,000		11,656,000		11,942,000
Repurchase period		1 year
Remaining authorized repurchase amount			$ 17,700,000		$ 17,700,000
Preferred shares of beneficial interest, shares outstanding (in shares)			4,118,000		4,118,000		4,118,000
Preferred shares, liquidation preference (in dollars per share)			$ 25		$ 25		$ 25
Preferred shares, annual distribution accrual rate (in dollars per share)					$ 1.65625
Preferred shares, dividend rate					6.625%
Preferred shares liquidation preference			$ 102,971,000		$ 102,971,000		$ 102,971,000
Partnership units, converted (in shares)	1.37931
Conversion price (in dollars per share)	$ 72.50
Payments for acquisition of noncontrolling interests					$ 1,260,000	$ 0
Commons and Landing at Southgate Partnership
Equity
Noncontrolling interest acquired			34.50%		34.50%
Series D Preferred Units
Equity
Preferred units, shares issued (in shares)	165,600		166,000		166,000		0
Preferred units, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 100		$ 100		$ 100		$ 100
Distribution rate	3.862%
2015 Incentive Plan
Equity
Equity awards issued (in shares)			6,511	5,142	6,718	6,226
Total grant-date value shares issued			$ 447,000	$ 350,000	$ 457,000	$ 412,000
Share Repurchase Program
Equity
Aggregate gross sales price of common share of beneficial interest allowed to be repurchased		$ 50,000,000	$ 50,000,000		$ 50,000,000

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EQUITY AND MEZZANINE EQUITY - Schedule of Conversions of Common Stock (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Conversion of Stock [Line Items]
Number of units converted (in shares)	133	10	135	49
Units converted, aggregate cost	$ 7,968	$ 510	$ 8,118	$ 2,747
Average price of shares issued (in dollars per share)	$ 60.01	$ 52.72	$ 60.00	$ 55.84
Redemption of units for common shares	$ 0		$ 0	$ 0
Exercise of Exchange Rights
Conversion of Stock [Line Items]
Redemption of units for common shares (in shares)	8	0	8	3
Redemption of units for common shares	$ 521	$ 0	$ 521	$ 34

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EQUITY AND MEZZANINE EQUITY - Share Repurchase Program (Details) - Share Repurchase Program - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Share Repurchase Program
Shares repurchased (in shares)	116	38	290	67
Aggregate cost of common shares repurchased	$ 6,862	$ 1,972	$ 15,667	$ 3,415
Average price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 59.12	$ 52.23	$ 54.03	$ 51.26

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EQUITY AND MEZZANINE EQUITY - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)
Increase (Decrease) in Temporary Equity [Roll Forward]
December 31, 2018	$ 5,968
Net income	(174)
Acquisition of redeemable noncontrolling interests	(5,794)
March 31, 2019	$ 0

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Details)	Jun. 30, 2019 property unit
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of properties	88
Subject to Restrictions on Taxable Dispositions
Real Estate Properties [Line Items]
Number of properties	25
Number of apartment units | unit	4,372

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SEGMENT REPORTING (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) segment	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of reportable segments | segment			1
Segment revenues and net operating income [Abstract]
Revenue	$ 46,934	$ 46,197	$ 92,542	$ 89,232
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes	19,516	18,937	39,552	38,204
Net operating income	27,418	27,260	52,990	51,028
Casualty gain (loss)	(92)	0	(733)	(50)
Depreciation and amortization	(18,437)	(19,132)	(36,548)	(39,648)
Impairment of real estate investments	0	(17,809)	0	(17,809)
Loss on impairment		(17,809)
General and administrative expenses	(3,549)	(4,348)	(7,355)	(7,967)
Interest expense	(7,590)	(8,562)	(15,486)	(16,858)
Loss on debt extinguishment	(407)	(12)	(409)	(133)
Interest and other income	468	460	892	1,149
Income (loss) before gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments, gain (loss) on litigation settlement, and income (loss) from discontinued operations	(3,634)	(23,587)	(9,648)	(33,109)
Gain (loss) on sale of real estate and other investments	615	0	669	2,304
Gain (loss) on litigation settlement	6,286	0	6,286	0
Income (loss) from continuing operations	3,267	(23,587)	(2,693)	(30,805)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	0	238	0	14,120
NET INCOME (LOSS)	3,267	(23,349)	(2,693)	(16,685)
Segment assets
Property owned	1,663,539		1,663,539		$ 1,627,636
Less accumulated depreciation	(380,321)		(380,321)		(353,871)
Total property owned	1,283,218		1,283,218		1,273,765
Cash and cash equivalents	17,406	20,451	17,406	20,451	13,792
Restricted cash	4,672	4,454	4,672	4,454	5,464
Other assets	30,626		30,626		27,265
Unimproved land	1,746		1,746		5,301
Mortgage loans receivable	10,140		10,140		10,410
TOTAL ASSETS	1,347,808		1,347,808		1,335,997
Management Service
Segment revenues and net operating income [Abstract]
Property management	(1,445)	(1,444)	(2,999)	(2,821)
Operating Segments | Multifamily
Segment revenues and net operating income [Abstract]
Revenue	45,945	43,149	90,759	83,203
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes	19,111	17,826	38,799	35,954
Net operating income	26,834	25,323	51,960	47,249
Segment assets
Property owned	1,628,133		1,628,133		1,582,917
Less accumulated depreciation	(371,213)		(371,213)		(340,081)
Total property owned	1,256,920		1,256,920		1,242,836
Operating Segments | All Other
Segment revenues and net operating income [Abstract]
Revenue	989	3,048	1,783	6,029
Property operating expenses, including real estate taxes	405	1,111	753	2,250
Net operating income	584	$ 1,937	1,030	$ 3,779
Segment assets
Property owned	35,406		35,406		44,719
Less accumulated depreciation	(9,108)		(9,108)		(13,790)
Total property owned	$ 26,298		$ 26,298		$ 30,929

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS - Additional Information (Details) - property	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Discontinued Operations, Held-for-sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Number of real estate properties classified as held for sale in discontinued operations	0	0	0	0

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DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS - Effect on Net Income from Properties Classified as Discontinued Operations (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
REVENUE	$ 46,934	$ 46,197	$ 92,542	$ 89,232
EXPENSES
Property operating expenses, excluding real estate taxes	13,942	13,934	28,746	28,180
Real estate taxes	5,574	5,003	10,806	10,024
Depreciation and amortization	18,437	19,132	36,548	39,648
General and administrative expenses	3,549	4,348	7,355	7,967
TOTAL EXPENSES	43,039	61,670	87,187	106,499
Interest expense	(7,590)	(8,562)	(15,486)	(16,858)
Other income	66	31	83	47
Gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations			669	16,133
INCOME (LOSS) FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS	0	238	0	14,120
Discontinued Operations, Disposed of by Sale
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
REVENUE	0	157	0	353
EXPENSES
Property operating expenses, excluding real estate taxes	0	18	0	25
Real estate taxes	0	0	0	35
Depreciation and amortization	0	0	0	2
General and administrative expenses	0	9	0	14
TOTAL EXPENSES	0	27	0	76
Operating income (loss)	0	130	0	277
Interest expense	0	0	0	(1)
Other income	0	10	0	14
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations	0	140	0	290
Gain (loss) on sale of discontinued operations	0	98	0	13,830
INCOME (LOSS) FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS	$ 0	$ 238	$ 0	$ 14,120

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ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS - Acquisitions (Details) - Acquisitions $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) unit	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) unit	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) unit	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) unit
Acquisitions and development projects placed in service [Abstract]
Acquisition costs	$ 2,100	$ 0	$ 46,112	$ 128,700
Form of consideration, cash			29,552
Form of consideration, units			16,560
Investment allocation, land	3,748	25,525	3,748	25,525
Investment allocation, building	41,816	102,101	41,816	102,101
Investment allocation, intangible assets	$ 548	$ 1,074	$ 548	$ 1,074
Multi-Family Residential | 272 homes - SouthFork Townhomes- Lakeville, MN
Acquisitions and development projects placed in service [Abstract]
Number of homes | unit	272		272
Acquisition costs			$ 44,000
Form of consideration, cash			27,440
Form of consideration, units			16,560
Investment allocation, land	$ 3,502		3,502
Investment allocation, building	39,950		39,950
Investment allocation, intangible assets	548		548
Multi-Family Residential | 390 homes - Westend - Denver, CO
Acquisitions and development projects placed in service [Abstract]
Number of homes | unit		390		390
Acquisition costs				$ 128,700
Investment allocation, land		$ 25,525		25,525
Investment allocation, building		102,101		102,101
Investment allocation, intangible assets		$ 1,074		$ 1,074
Commercial Property | Minot 3100 10th St SW - Minot, ND
Acquisitions and development projects placed in service [Abstract]
Acquisition costs			2,112
Form of consideration, cash			2,112
Form of consideration, units			0
Investment allocation, land	246		246
Investment allocation, building	1,866		1,866
Investment allocation, intangible assets	$ 0		$ 0

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ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS - Dispositions (Details) - Disposed of by Sale	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) property	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) ft² property	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($) ft²
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Number of properties sold | property		0
Sale price of land and property	$ 7,300,000
Sales Price	10,304,000	$ 36,000,000	$ 10,304,000	$ 36,000,000
Book Value and Sale Cost	9,846,000	19,825,000	9,846,000	19,825,000
Gain/(Loss)	$ 614,000		458,000	16,175,000
Land
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Number of properties sold | property	1
Commercial Properties
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Number of properties sold | property	1
Other | Minot 1400 31st Ave SW - Minot, ND
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Sales Price	$ 6,530,000		6,530,000
Book Value and Sale Cost	6,048,000		6,048,000
Gain/(Loss)			482,000
Other | 43,404 sq ft Garden View - St. Paul, MN
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Sales Price		14,000,000		14,000,000
Book Value and Sale Cost		$ 6,191,000		6,191,000
Gain/(Loss)				$ 7,809,000
Area of real estate property | ft²		43,404		43,404
Other | 52,116 sq ft Ritchie Medical - St. Paul, MN
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Sales Price		$ 16,500,000		$ 16,500,000
Book Value and Sale Cost		$ 10,419,000		10,419,000
Gain/(Loss)				$ 6,081,000
Area of real estate property | ft²		52,116		52,116
Other | 22,187 sq ft Bismarck 715 East Broadway - Bismarck, ND
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Sales Price		$ 5,500,000		$ 5,500,000
Book Value and Sale Cost		$ 3,215,000		3,215,000
Gain/(Loss)				$ 2,285,000
Area of real estate property | ft²		22,187		22,187
Unimproved Land
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Sales Price	3,774,000		3,774,000
Book Value and Sale Cost	3,798,000		3,798,000
Gain/(Loss)			(24,000)
Unimproved Land | Creekside Crossing - Bismarck, ND
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Sales Price	3,049,000		3,049,000
Book Value and Sale Cost	3,205,000		3,205,000
Gain/(Loss)			(156,000)
Unimproved Land | Minot 1525 24th Ave SW - Minot, ND
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Sales Price	725,000		725,000
Book Value and Sale Cost	$ 593,000		593,000
Gain/(Loss)			$ 132,000

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DEBT - Additional Information (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) property extension loan	Dec. 31, 2018 USD ($)
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Number of real estate properties | property	88
Number of real estate properties, unencumbered by mortgages | property	49
Number of real estate properties, unencumbered used to provide credit support | property	35
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 6,000,000.0
Revolving lines of credit	$ 177,939,000	$ 57,500,000
Term	12 months
Line of Credit | BMO Line of Credit
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 250,000,000.0
Number of extensions | extension	1
Line of Credit
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Revolving lines of credit	$ 4,600,000	$ 0
Line of Credit | Base Rate | Minimum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.35%
Line of Credit | Base Rate | Maximum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	0.85%
Line of Credit | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) | Minimum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	1.35%
Line of Credit | London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) | Maximum
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Basis spread on variable rate	1.90%
Line of Credit | BMO Line of Credit
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Current borrowing capacity	$ 250,000,000.0
Remaining borrowing capacity	72,100,000
Revolving lines of credit	$ 177,900,000
Mortgages
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Number of real estate properties, serving as collateral for mortgage loans | property	39
Number of material defaults or instances of noncompliance | loan	0
Line of Credit
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Term	1 year
Unsecured Debt | Term Loan Maturing 2024
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt instrument face amount	$ 70,000,000.0
Unsecured Debt | Term Loan Maturing 2025
Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]
Debt instrument face amount	$ 75,000,000.0

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DEBT - Schedule of Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Carrying principal balance	$ 694,890	$ 648,474
Weighted Average Maturity in Years at June 30, 2019	4 years 2 months 12 days
Mortgages payable - fixed
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Carrying principal balance	$ 371,951	$ 445,974
Weighted Average Maturity in Years at June 30, 2019	4 years 2 months 12 days
Mortgages
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate	4.37%	4.58%
Unsecured Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Carrying principal balance	$ 307,939	$ 202,500
Unsecured Debt | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Carrying principal balance	$ 162,939	57,500
Weighted Average Maturity in Years at June 30, 2019	3 years 1 month 6 days
Unsecured Debt | Term Loans
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Carrying principal balance	$ 145,000	$ 145,000
Weighted Average Maturity in Years at June 30, 2019	5 years 4 months 24 days
Weighted average interest rate	4.14%	4.01%
Unsecured Debt | Primary Line Of Credit | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate	3.94%	3.72%
Unsecured Debt | Operating Line Of Credit | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate	4.39%	0.00%
Secured Debt | Line of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Carrying principal balance	$ 15,000	$ 0
Weighted Average Maturity in Years at June 30, 2019	3 years 2 months 12 days

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DEBT - Schedule of future payments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total payments	$ 370,461	$ 444,197
Mortgages
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2019 (remainder)	10,896
2020	42,093
2021	97,137
2022	40,741
2023	48,359
Thereafter	277,725
Total payments	$ 516,951

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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Additional Information (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019 USD ($) derivative_instrument	Jan. 31, 2023 USD ($) derivative_instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Cash flow hedge gain (loss) to be reclassified within twelve months	$ 1,000,000.0
Interest Rate Swap | Designated as Hedging Instrument
Derivative [Line Items]
Interest rate swap entered into	$ 50,000,000.0
Number of instruments held | derivative_instrument	3
Notional amount	$ 195,000,000.0
Interest Rate Swap | Designated as Hedging Instrument | Scenario, Forecast
Derivative [Line Items]
Number of instruments held | derivative_instrument		1
Notional amount		$ 70,000,000.0

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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS - Schedule of Derivatives (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2018
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI	$ (4,430)		$ (6,712)
Interest expense	7,590	$ 8,562	15,486	$ 16,858
Accumulated Gain (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Including Noncontrolling Interest | Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income | Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships - Interest rate contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Interest expense	(29)	27	(30)	129
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships - Interest rate contracts
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI	(4,430)	$ 438	(6,712)	$ 2,158
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Other Assets | Interest Rate Swap
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair value	0		0		$ 818
Designated as Hedging Instrument | Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses | Interest Rate Swap
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative liability	$ 7,598		$ 7,598		$ 1,675

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Mortgages payable	$ 370,461	$ 444,197
Carrying Amount
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	17,406	13,792
Mortgage and note receivable	26,697	26,809
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Revolving lines of credit	177,939	57,500
Term loans	145,000	145,000
Mortgages payable	371,951	445,974
Fair Value
FINANCIAL ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	17,406	13,792
Mortgage and note receivable	26,697	26,809
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES
Revolving lines of credit	177,939	57,500
Term loans	145,000	145,000
Mortgages payable	$ 375,698	444,241
Nonrecurring
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis [Abstract]
Real estate investments		3,049
Nonrecurring | Level 1
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis [Abstract]
Real estate investments		0
Nonrecurring | Level 2
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis [Abstract]
Real estate investments		0
Nonrecurring | Level 3
Fair Value Measurements on a Nonrecurring Basis [Abstract]
Real estate investments		$ 3,049

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SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands				6 Months Ended
	Jun. 13, 2019	May 17, 2019	Mar. 08, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2018
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions and Methodology [Abstract]
Stock-based compensation expense				$ 981	$ 611
2015 Incentive Plan
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Number of shares (in shares)				425,000
Term of award				10 years
2015 Incentive Plan | Award In 2019 | Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Awards granted (in shares)	7,521	812
2015 Incentive Plan | Award In 2019 | Relative TSR Performance Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Awards granted (in shares)			12,781
2015 Incentive Plan | Award In 2019 | Performance Shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Award vesting period				3 years
Total unvested restricted share awards (in shares)				25,562
Percentage of the RSUs awarded				200.00%
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions and Methodology [Abstract]
Volatility rate				25.50%
Risk-free interest rate				2.43%
Expected life				2 years 9 months 25 days
Share price (in dollars per share)			$ 58.06
Management | 2015 Incentive Plan | Award In 2019 | Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Awards granted (in shares)			6,391
Tranche One | 2015 Incentive Plan | Award In 2019 | Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted shares vesting percentage			33.33%
Tranche Two | 2015 Incentive Plan | Award In 2019 | Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted shares vesting percentage			33.33%
Tranche Three | 2015 Incentive Plan | Award In 2019 | Restricted Stock
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted shares vesting percentage			33.33%

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SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 06, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Mortgage loan amount		$ 694,890	$ 648,474
Mortgages payable - fixed
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Mortgage loan amount		$ 371,951	$ 445,974
Mortgages payable - fixed | Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Mortgage loan amount	$ 59,900
Mortgage loan, fixed rate	3.88%

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Label	Element	Value
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption	$ (627,000)
Retained Earnings [Member]
Cumulative Effect of New Accounting Principle in Period of Adoption	us-gaap_CumulativeEffectOfNewAccountingPrincipleInPeriodOfAdoption	$ (627,000)