Income Taxes	9 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2020
Income Taxes
11. Income Taxes	*11. Income Taxes* Deferred Taxes and Valuation Allowance The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent the Company believes these assets will more likely than not be realized. The valuation allowance was $1.5 million and $1.3million at October 31, 2020 and January 31, 2020, respectively. The federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards as of October 31, 2020 were approximately $2.0 million before tax effects. If not utilized, then NOL generated from the January 31, 2015 tax year will expire after January 31, 2035, and the NOL generated after January 31, 2018 will be carried forward indefinitely. The state net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards as of October 31, 2020 were approximately $20.5 million before tax effects.The state NOLs with carry forward limitations will begin to expire after January 31, 2025 and will continue to expire at various periods up until January 31, 2039 when they will be fully expired.The states have a larger spread because some only carryforward for 10 years and some allow 20 years. The Georgia NOLs generated after January 31, 2018 can be carried forward indefinitely. Tax Reform On December 22, 2017, new federal tax reform legislation was enacted in the United States, resulting in significant changes from previous tax law. The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) reduced the federal corporate income tax rate to 21% from 35% effective January 1, 2018. The Tax Act requires us to recognize the effect of the tax law changes in the period of enactment, such as determining the transition tax, re-measuring our US deferred tax assets as well as reassessing the net realizability of our deferred tax assets. The Company completed this re-measurement and reassessment in FY18. While the Tax Act provides for a modified territorial tax system, beginning in 2018, it includes two new U.S. tax base erosion provisions, the global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions and the base-erosion and anti-abuse tax (“BEAT”) provisions. The GILTI provisions require the Company to include in its U.S. income tax return foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on the foreign subsidiary’s tangible assets. The assessment of the GILTI tax resulted in an increase to the annual effective tax rate of 8.3%. On July 23, 2020, the GILTI regulations were modified with respect to the treatment of income subject to a high foreign tax rate and provided guidance on the treatment of these available exclusions. As a result of these modifications, the Company will be able to amend the FY19 tax returns and recapture NOL previously utilized. The Company applied this modification to the GILTI tax reported in their FY20 tax return which allowed recapture of federal NOL previously utilized. As a result of the recapture of these NOLs, the Company recorded a tax benefit of $1.7 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2020. The Company intends to account for the GILTI tax impact in the period in which it is incurred. Though this non-cash expense (due to use of existing NOLs) has a materially negative impact on earnings, the Tax Act also changes the taxation of foreign earnings, and companies generally will not be subject to United States federal income taxes upon the receipt of dividends from foreign subsidiaries. We previously considered substantially all of the earnings in our non-U.S. subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S. and, accordingly, recorded no deferred income taxes on such earnings. At this time, the applicable provisions of the Tax Act have been fully analyzed and our intention with respect to unremitted foreign earnings is to continue to indefinitely reinvest outside the U.S. those earnings needed for working capital or additional foreign investment. If all of these earnings were repatriated to the U.S. or used for U.S. operations, certain amounts could be subject to tax. Due to the timing and circumstances of the repatriation of such earnings, if any, it is not practical to determine the amount of funds subject to unrecognized deferred tax liability. Income Tax Expense Income tax expenses consists of federal, state and foreign income taxes. Items impacting the effective rate are state taxes, an adjustment for foreign tax rates lower than the US statutory tax rate, GILTI, and an adjustment to reflect the recapture of U.S. NOLs as a result of applying the GILTI high tax exclusion in tax years FY19 and FY20.

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2020

11. Income Taxes

Deferred Taxes and Valuation Allowance

The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent the Company believes these assets will more likely than not be realized. The valuation allowance was $1.5 million and $1.3million at October 31, 2020 and January 31, 2020, respectively.

The federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards as of October 31, 2020 were approximately $2.0 million before tax effects. If not utilized, then NOL generated from the January 31, 2015 tax year will expire after January 31, 2035, and the NOL generated after January 31, 2018 will be carried forward indefinitely.

The state net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards as of October 31, 2020 were approximately $20.5 million before tax effects.The state NOLs with carry forward limitations will begin to expire after January 31, 2025 and will continue to expire at various periods up until January 31, 2039 when they will be fully expired.The states have a larger spread because some only carryforward for 10 years and some allow 20 years. The Georgia NOLs generated after January 31, 2018 can be carried forward indefinitely.

Tax Reform

On December 22, 2017, new federal tax reform legislation was enacted in the United States, resulting in significant changes from previous tax law. The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the Tax Act) reduced the federal corporate income tax rate to 21% from 35% effective January 1, 2018. The Tax Act requires us to recognize the effect of the tax law changes in the period of enactment, such as determining the transition tax, re-measuring our US deferred tax assets as well as reassessing the net realizability of our deferred tax assets. The Company completed this re-measurement and reassessment in FY18. While the Tax Act provides for a modified territorial tax system, beginning in 2018, it includes two new U.S. tax base erosion provisions, the global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) provisions and the base-erosion and anti-abuse tax (“BEAT”) provisions. The GILTI provisions require the Company to include in its U.S. income tax return foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on the foreign subsidiary’s tangible assets. The assessment of the GILTI tax resulted in an increase to the annual effective tax rate of 8.3%. On July 23, 2020, the GILTI regulations were modified with respect to the treatment of income subject to a high foreign tax rate and provided guidance on the treatment of these available exclusions. As a result of these modifications, the Company will be able to amend the FY19 tax returns and recapture NOL previously utilized. The Company applied this modification to the GILTI tax reported in their FY20 tax return which allowed recapture of federal NOL previously utilized. As a result of the recapture of these NOLs, the Company recorded a tax benefit of $1.7 million for the nine months ended October 31, 2020. The Company intends to account for the GILTI tax impact in the period in which it is incurred. Though this non-cash expense (due to use of existing NOLs) has a materially negative impact on earnings, the Tax Act also changes the taxation of foreign earnings, and companies generally will not be subject to United States federal income taxes upon the receipt of dividends from foreign subsidiaries.

We previously considered substantially all of the earnings in our non-U.S. subsidiaries to be indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S. and, accordingly, recorded no deferred income taxes on such earnings. At this time, the applicable provisions of the Tax Act have been fully analyzed and our intention with respect to unremitted foreign earnings is to continue to indefinitely reinvest outside the U.S. those earnings needed for working capital or additional foreign investment. If all of these earnings were repatriated to the U.S. or used for U.S. operations, certain amounts could be subject to tax. Due to the timing and circumstances of the repatriation of such earnings, if any, it is not practical to determine the amount of funds subject to unrecognized deferred tax liability.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expenses consists of federal, state and foreign income taxes. Items impacting the effective rate are state taxes, an adjustment for foreign tax rates lower than the US statutory tax rate, GILTI, and an adjustment to reflect the recapture of U.S. NOLs as a result of applying the GILTI high tax exclusion in tax years FY19 and FY20.