-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Vi36djPzpuumag/TbMfW7usBe/tyOVq19ZZ2PAr2LhrKegB+20Ig270NEAp9NJcY TJqRSlV0ZSg5Y8O1dcsAVA== 0001021771-97-000027.txt : 19970416 0001021771-97-000027.hdr.sgml : 19970416 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001021771-97-000027 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 26 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 19961231 FILED AS OF DATE: 19970415 SROS: NASD FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: AMNEX INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000793526 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: COMMUNICATION SERVICES, NEC [4899] IRS NUMBER: 112790221 STATE OF INCORPORATION: NY FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-17158 FILM NUMBER: 97581054 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 100 W LUCRNE CIRCLE CITY: ORLANDO STATE: FL ZIP: 32801 BUSINESS PHONE: 2128670166 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 100 W. LUCERNE CIRCLE CITY: ORLANDO STATE: FL ZIP: 32801 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: NYCOM INFORMATION SERVICES INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19920703 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: NY COM INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19890410 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: NY TEL COMMUNICATIONS INC DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19860709 10-K 1 AMNEX, INC. FORM 10-K SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (Mark One) (x) ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996 ------------------------------- ( ) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission file number 0-17158 AMNEX, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) New York 11-2790221 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) 101 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10178 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) Registrant's telephone number (212) 867-0166 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registered None Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $.001 par value (Title of class) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No . Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [X] State the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the stock was sold, or the average bid and asked prices of such stock, as of a specified date within the past 60 days: $109,103,230 as of February 14, 1997 (APPLICABLE ONLY TO REGISTRANTS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE YEARS) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes No . (APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE REGISTRANTS) Indicate the number of shares outstanding of the registrant's common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 28,121,328 shares outstanding as of February 28, 1997 DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE None PART I Item 1. BUSINESS (a) General Development of Business. AMNEX, Inc. ("AMNEX"), through its operating subsidiaries (AMNEX and its consolidated subsidiaries collectively, the "Company"), provides a variety of telecommunications services for operator-assisted ("0+") and direct-dialed long distance ("1+") telephone calls transmitted throughout the Unites States on the Company's network and to and from international points, as well as related billing services. The Company focuses on selected niche telecommunications markets where it believes it can enter and operate profitably. In June 1996, AMNEX acquired all of the outstanding stock of Capital Network System, Inc. ("CNSI"), a telecommunications company engaged in the provision of 0+ calling services primarily to American and Canadian tourists traveling in Mexico. CNSI is also engaged in the provision of 1+ and 0+ services in the United States where, prior to its acquisition, it competed with AMNEX's domestic telecommunications subsidiary, American Network Exchange, Inc. ("ANEI") (see Item 1(c) hereof). In September 1996, AMNEX acquired 80% of the outstanding stock of National Business Exchange, Inc., now known as National Billing Exchange ("NBE"), which provides various billing services to telecommunications companies, including the ability to place billing transactions on the local telephone company bill page (see Item 1(c) hereof). In November 1996, AMNEX's wholly-owned subsidiary, Crescent Public Communications Inc. ("Crescent"), acquired certain assets of Coastal Telecom Payphone Company, Inc. ("Coastal Telecom"), Garden State Telephone Installation & Service Co., Inc. ("Garden State") and BEK Tel, Inc. ("BEK Tel"), all of which were New Jersey-based private pay telephone route operators and customers of ANEI. From September 1996 to March 1997, Crescent also acquired certain assets of several smaller pay telephone route operators in the New York area. Further, in March 1997, Crescent, through an 80%-owned subsidiary, Sun Tel North America, Inc. ("Sun Tel"), acquired certain assets of Sun Tel Inc., a Florida-based private pay telephone route operator. All such companies provided services of the same nature as Crescent (see Items 1(c) and 7 hereof). In October 1996, the Company realigned its management structure to reflect its different lines of business. Three operating divisions were established at the subsidiary level: TelCom, PubCom and Billing. Common corporate functions were assigned to the holding company level. Each of the three divisions has responsibility for specific lines of business and its own profit and loss. The TelCom Division provides international and domestic 1+ and 0+ telecommunications services; the PubCom Division owns and operates private pay telephones and provides telecommunications network management services to the hospitality industry; and the Billing Division provides billing services for telecommunications-related products. Common corporate functions at the parent level include human resources, information services, network and operations, legal and regulatory, corporate finance and accounting, and business development. This organizational structure is also intended to enable the Company to exploit certain market niches created by the passage of telecommunications reform legislation in early 1996 (see Item 1(c) hereof). The Company's strategy is (i) to develop telecommunications products and services which will enable it to provide the consumer with "end-to-end" services, while controlling the flow of traffic to its network through the ownership of customer access equipment, (ii) to continue to pursue vertical integration of new and/or additional services with the Company's existing markets to reduce its infrastructure costs and secure its customer base and (iii) to expand through the acquisition of businesses that are either providers of traffic to its network or providers of the underlying services utilized by the Company. Additional consideration is given to those enterprises operating in markets where regulatory changes are taking place or are anticipated. Reference is made to Item 7 hereof for a discussion of a Preferred Share financing consummated by the Company during 1996. AMNEX is a New York corporation which was organized on March 15, 1985. Its principal executive offices are located at 101 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10178 (telephone number (212) 867-0166) (see Item 2 hereof). (b) Financial Information About Industry Segments. Not applicable. (c) Narrative Description of Business. Industry Background The long distance transmission and operator service provider industries evolved principally as a result of the new competitive opportunities created by the court-ordered divestiture by American Telephone and Telegraph ("AT&T") of its local operating companies (the "BOCs"). As discussed under "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation," the Telecommunications Act of 1996 (the "1996 Act") has further accelerated the development of local and long distance competition. In 1981, AT&T removed tariff restrictions that prohibited resale and sharing of Message Telecommunications Service ("MTS") and Wide Area Telephone Service ("WATS"). This led to an explosion of new entrants into the long distance telecommunications business, primarily as resellers. In 1982, the Department of Justice ("DOJ") and AT&T agreed to the terms of the Modification of Final Judgment ("MFJ") under which AT&T divested itself of all its BOCs. As part of the divestiture, the BOCs were organized into seven separate regions and seven Regional Holding Companies ("RBOCs") were created. The BOCs, and other independent companies which provide local telephone service, are generally referred to as local exchange carriers ("LECs"). 2 At divestiture, the United States was divided into 197 Local Access Transport Areas ("LATAs"). AT&T was given the right to handle interLATA long distance service and was permitted to handle intraLATA long distance service where allowed by the applicable state regulatory authority. Conversely, the BOCs were given the right to handle intraLATA service, but were prohibited from the interLATA market. Such differentiation was substantially modified by the 1996 Act (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation"). The MFJ also required the BOCs to provide all interexchange or long distance carriers ("IXCs") with access to their local telephone exchange facilities which is "equal in type, quality and price" to that provided to AT&T. This was accomplished through the filing of access tariffs at the Federal Communications Commission (the "FCC") and at state public utilities commissions. Under these access tariffs, all IXCs, including AT&T, pay charges to the LECs for access to local telephone lines at both the originating and terminating ends of all long distance calls. Access charges represent the single largest component of most IXCs' cost of service. The BOCs, and subsequently all other LECs, also were required to conduct a presubscription process allowing business and residential consumers to select their long distance carriers. The 1996 Act continues these equal access obligations. A June 1984 decision of the FCC permitted the sale and installation of privately owned and operated pay telephones, known as COCOTs. Such decision ended the 100 year monopoly of the LECs in this area, and paved the way for the development of the independent payphone industry. LECs were required to provide dial tone connections for COCOTs and, subsequently, blocking and screening services intended to deter fraudulent usage of such phones. As a result of the passage of the 1996 Act and its nondiscrimination provisions, the independent payphone industry is expected to achieve parity in cost structure with LEC-owned payphones (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation-Domestic Operations-1996 Act"). An October 1988 federal district court (the "Court") ruling required the BOCs, and subsequently the LECs owned by GTE Corporation ("GTOCs"), to conduct another presubscription process for the public pay telephones they owned. Since such phones are owned by BOCs and GTOCs, the Court determined that the owner of the premises on which the public pay telephone was located (the "Site Owner") rather than the owner of the phones should select the long distance service provider. Several other LECs have introduced similar programs, including Site Owner selection of the long distance service provider. The 1996 Act provides for the continued participation of the Site Owner in the long distance service provider selection process and allows for the Company to continue its efforts in this current core business. In May 1990, the Court required the BOCs to provide equal access for long distance calls which are paid for by coins deposited in their public pay telephones ("1+ Coin"). To this end, the BOCs were directed to file equal access plans with the DOJ and the 1984 waiver under which such calls were being routed automatically to AT&T was to be terminated within one year. Under the terms of the equal access plans, AT&T was permitted to continue to accept 1+ Coin service 3 directly from the public pay telephones presubscribed to other IXCs, but only until such time as the presubscribed carrier designated either itself or another carrier to handle the traffic. Based on this ruling, ANEI and CNSI are entitled to receive the 1+ Coin traffic from all public pay telephones for which they have been selected to provide 0+ services and any other IXC may designate ANEI (instead of AT&T) to carry the 1+ Coin traffic originating at public telephones for which it is the presubscribed long distance carrier. This market niche, which is currently being exploited by ANEI as it deploys its 1+ Coin service nationally, will continue to be available under the 1996 Act. Equally significant, the 1996 Act, as well as recent actions on both the federal and state levels, will eventually open up the local exchange, and to the extent not already mandated, the intraLATA market, to full competition. As a result of the 1996 Act, all states are required to adopt rules establishing local competition and defining how the LECs are to open up their networks to their competitors (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation-Domestic Operations-1996 Act"). Organization and Structure; Business Direction The Company, through its operating subsidiaries, is a provider of telecommunications and related billing services for telephone calls transmitted throughout the United States and to and from international points. Approximately 70% of the Company's revenues for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996 were derived from its provision of operator services at public and private pay telephones; approximately 10% from the provision of telecommunications services to hotels and other hospitality locations in Mexico; and approximately 20% from the ownership and operation of private pay telephones, the provision of telecommunications network management services to the hospitality industry, and the provision of telecommunications services with regard to 1+ Coin, travel card and residential and commercial 1+ calls and other revenues (see "Business Units"). During 1996, the Company completed certain steps to shift the focus of its future direction away from its core operator services business, which represented virtually all of the Company's revenues in 1994, 90% of the total revenues in 1995, and, as previously noted, 70% in 1996, and towards other telecommunications business which generate lower revenue per call than operator services, but have higher profit margins. Prior to the adoption of the 1996 Act (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation-Domestic Operations-1996 Act"), management of the Company believed that the then pending legislation would improve margins and create opportunities as barriers to market entry and regulatory obstacles were removed. Based on such belief, in October 1995 and in advance of these legislative changes, the Company acquired Crescent. This acquisition represented the Company's entry into the ownership of private payphones, a business which the Company anticipated was ripe to undergo radical positive regulatory change. As a direct result of the the 1996 Act, the FCC adopted new rules expanding both the eligible class of calls and the level of compensation paid by IXCs to independent payphone providers ("IPPs") such as Crescent. Such new rules positively affect the revenues from this part of the Company's business (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation-Domestic Operations-1996 Act"). 4 In order to expand its ownership of private payphones, in November 1996, Crescent acquired certain assets of Coastal Telecom, Garden State and BEK Tel. Through this transaction, approximately 4,300 telephone stations with locations primarily in the state of New Jersey were acquired, bringing the Company's domestic phone count to 6,300. A series of subsequent acquisitions increased this total to 7,500 at March 31, 1997. By the end of 1997, the Company expects to own and operate approximately 12,000 telephone stations throughout the United States. Similarly, in late 1995, management identified the 1+ Coin business as a viable one for it to enter. This service allows the consumer to make long distance coin calls from LEC-owned and operated pay telephones using the long distance provider selected by the Site Owner. Prior to the Company's entry into this business, only AT&T provided this service. To date, the Company has signed up approximately 600,000 phones for this service. In an effort to take advantage of emerging opportunities in the international telecommunications market, as well as improve operating efficiencies, in June 1996, AMNEX acquired CNSI. CNSI's primary business is the provision of 0+ calling services to, among others, American and Canadian tourists traveling in Mexico. The market penetration of CNSI has made its hospitality customer base second only in size to that of Telmex, the Mexican stated-owned telecommunications company. This business was a logical extension of the Company's domestic operator service and will utilize a common infrastructure. As part of the Company's international expansion, CNSI's business gives the Company a customer base in a deregulating international telecommunications market, where newly-deregulated services can be sold (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation-International"). In addition, the Company was able to utilize a common platform for CNSI's domestic operations and those of ANEI, providing further opportunity for cost reduction and improved efficiency. In January 1997, AMNEX acquired a minority equity position in Galesi Telecom International, Inc. ("GTI") (see Item 13 (a) hereof), a privately-owned telecommunications holding company with operations in Sweden and Germany. The transaction also contemplates the development of operating agreements and joint marketing efforts in the deregulating European market. In addition, between December 1996 and February 1997, CNSI, through its subsidiary, Capital Network Mexico ("CNM"), entered into a series of agreements with InvestCom S. A. de C.V. ("InvestCom"), a licensed Mexican telecommunications carrier, which allows CNM to resell intraMexico 1+ service to its customers in Mexico. Additional agreements are under negotiation which, if entered into, will further expand the Company's relationship with InvestCom. By virtue of these international relationships, the Company believes that it is well positioned to participate in the flow of traffic between Mexico, the United States and Europe. The Company intends to expand these relationships in 1997. Further, the Company has identified several underlying services, including billing services, which many competitors in the newly-deregulated marketplace will require to support new product deployment. Accordingly, in September 1996, to better position itself to supply these billing services needs, AMNEX acquired 80% of the outstanding stock of NBE, which currently provides its telecommunications company customers with the ability to place their billing transactions on the local telephone company bill. This service unit is expected to grow as more competitors begin to provide the new telecommunications services authorized by the 1996 Act. 5 The Company is also planning to enter the local exchange market by providing dial tone and local calling services ("Local Service") for public access lines (initially, in the New York City area). The Company intends to enter the Local Service market by either reselling the LEC's services or by purchasing unbundled network elements and constructing its own service offerings. This provides the Company with another opportunity to further vertically integrate its service offerings and control the flow of traffic to its network (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation-Domestic Operations-1996 Act"). Business Units To better manage its businesses, in October 1996, the Company realigned its management structure. Three operating divisions were established, and common corporate functions were assigned to the holding company level. Each of the three divisions, TelCom, PubCom and Billing, has profit and loss responsibility for specific business operations of the Company. The TelCom Division, through ANEI and CNSI, provides domestic operator services, long distance transmission services and travel card services to telephone users and also provides domestic support to the Company's international operations. Through CNSI, CNM and AMNEX International, Inc. ("AII"), the TelCom Division also provides international operator services, provides long distance transmission services in Mexico (currently as a sales representative for InvestCom) and acts as a carriers' carrier or international gateway providing bulk transport of traffic between the United States and international points. The PubCom Division, through Crescent, Sun Tel and American Hotel Exchange, Inc. ("AHE"), owns and operates private pay telephones and provides telecommunications products and network management services to the hospitality industry. The Billing Division, through NBE, provides billing and collection services to telecommunications companies for telecommunications-related transactions. TelCom Division Domestic The TelCom Division is responsible for developing and maintaining the Company's domestic telecommunications services businesses described under "Business Units" above. In 1996, this division had revenues of approximately $91,200,000 derived from operator services provided at payphone and hospitality locations and from its 1+ direct-dial long distance products. The following is the approximate breakdown of 1996 revenue from the provision of such telecommunciations services: Payphones $71,000,000 Hospitality 11,000,000 1+ Direct Dial 9,200,000 ---------- TOTAL $91,200,000 ========== 6 Marketing and Customers Domestic operations have experienced a decrease in revenue since 1995 from the IPP and LEC base primarily due to slow sales growth throughout the industry. This industry-wide slowdown is due to market uncertainties and an increase in "dial around" calling (as discussed below). Sales efforts and promotional advances which have traditionally driven new sales growth were substantially reduced by the industry in 1996, due in large part to the uncertainty created by the threat of FCC rate caps being implemented (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation- Domestic Operations-Other Applicable Regulations"). This had the effect of flattening domestic operations growth. However, hospitality operations continued to reflect improved results in 1996, even though "dial around" and other competitive pressures have slowed growth. Given the current market conditions and the more stable state of the regulatory environment (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation"), the Company is planning to implement a targeted IPP sales program which includes advances and faster commission payments to the IPPs than its competitors. The Company believes this will enable it to capture new market share in this area, but no assurances can be given in regard thereto. "Dial around" calling programs such as 1-800-CALL-ATT and 1-800-COLLECT continued to take calls away from the Company's existing phone base (see "Competition-TelCom Division-Domestic"). In 1994, calls per phone per month averaged 13; by 1995 calls per phone per month were 12; in 1996, calls per phone per month had dropped to 10. Alternative dialing plans such as carrier proprietary calling cards and prepaid cards are expected to continue to apply pressure on the calls generated per phone. ANEI has itself begun providing "dial around" services in markets in which "dial around" calling has had negative effects. The Company anticipates these new services will result in a shift of revenues in future periods, although no assurances can be given that such efforts will be successful. The TelCom Division's operator services are being marketed to private payphone owners, Site Owners and RBOCs, as well as to hotels, motels, condominium developments, health care institutions, educational institutions and correctional facilities, primarily in areas where it has established network facilities. ANEI currently has originating access available in part or all of 31 of the 48 contiguous states plus the District of Columbia. ANEI has arrangements in place to provide its services on a nationwide basis, by using other carriers, such as MCI, to originate calls in areas where ANEI does not have its own network facilities. Such standard practice in the 1+ industry allows ANEI to provide its own services where technologically and economically feasible and to otherwise resell the facilities of other IXCs (see "Switching Equipment and Network"). ANEI and CNSI market their services through a nationwide network of independent sales agents and dealers with whom they have entered into contractual arrangements as well as through their own direct combined sales force. Such arrangements with agents and dealers afford them the opportunity to receive commissions based on a percentage of revenues generated by the calls routed over the Company's network by the agent's or dealer's subscribers. 7 ANEI's and CNSI's revenues are subject to seasonal variations. Many of the payphones located in the Southeast produce substantially higher call volumes in winter months than at other times during the year, while the payphones located in the Northeast and Midwest produce their highest call volumes during the summer months. In an effort to reduce the effects of seasonality and properly utilize network capacity, the TelCom Division has focused its marketing efforts on obtaining a better geographic balance for its payphone business, and increasing its hospitality and condominium customer bases, which tend to have calling volumes that are less subject to seasonal variation. The TelCom Division also markets its services through participation in trade shows and advertisements in trade publications. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, ANEI's customer, National Telecom USA, Inc. ("National"), and its affiliate, The Keystone Corporation, collectively accounted for approximately 21% of the Company's revenues. Reference is made to Item 13(a) hereof for a discussion of an agreement entered into in February 1997 between ANEI and National pursuant to which, among other matters, ANEI was selected as the exclusive provider of telecommunications services to phones owned, leased or otherwise controlled by National during the ten year term of the agreement. Operator Services ANEI provides 24 hour, seven-day-a-week live and automated operator services for telephone calls placed over its network. These services allow transient users at pay telephones and at locations such as hotels, motels, condominium developments, health care institutions, educational institutions and correctional facilities to complete calls on a collect, third party or person-to-person basis, or to charge such calls to a commercial credit card or telephone company calling card. ANEI's switching system receives all "0" dialed calls from phones subscribed to its network and completes the calls over a state-of-the-art leased communications network (see "Switching Equipment and Network"). ANEI's equipment and personnel at its switch and operator center sites furnish all operator functions, both live and automated, necessary to complete and bill a particular call. In providing such services, ANEI utilizes Signaling System Seven ("SS7") which speeds call processing for its customers. ANEI's ability to offer customized greetings, such as through its bilingual operator staff, further enhances its service offerings. ANEI has retained an unaffiliated third-party to validate billing numbers prior to call completion to reduce the risk of fraud (see "Revenues; Billing Arrangements"). ANEI also provides live and automated operator services for CNSI's domestic and international operator-assisted traffic. 8 Direct Dial As a long distance provider, ANEI solicits small to medium-sized businesses, pay phone owners, hotels and hospitals and competes with providers such as AT&T, MCI, Sprint and a number of regional carriers. ANEI's product offerings are competitively priced, with higher volume and long-term contract customers receiving greater discounts. In 1996, ANEI expanded sales to other IXCs. It is contemplated that this wholesale market segment will continue to be expanded in 1997 with targeted carriers, debit card providers and international calling companies. The infrastructure of network, customer service, billing and collection is in place to support new growth. The wholesale market segment generates lower gross margins than ANEI's traditional service offerings; however, since selling, general and administrative expenses with regard to the wholesale market are substantially lower, operating profits are generally comparable. ANEI's message telecommunications services ("MTS") include both flat rated and mileage sensitive rate plans and can be accessed on a 1+ basis, or by dialing 10XXX, 950 or 800 numbers. In lieu of call by call dialing, 950 and 800 access can also be achieved through either the installation of a high speed dialer or the programming of other customer premise equipment. Such process allows calls to access the ANEI network via its 10XXX, 950 or 800 numbers. The customer's multi-digit security code is then passed on to a local ANEI switch for call clearance. ANEI's 800 service allows its customers to offer inbound toll free calling to their own customers. Telephone Travel Card ANEI offers an enhanced travel card service marketed as the AMNEX Edge(R), which has been designed to meet the needs of the business and non-business traveler. The card allows the customer to access the ANEI network from any touch tone phone in the United States and Canada by dialing an 800 number. Once the authorization code associated with the travel card has passed validation, the customer can select from a menu of basic and enhanced calling features, including direct-dialed calling, conference calling, message delivery service and an array of informational services. Live operator assistance is also available, if required by the caller. Various levels of fraud protection and management summary reports are also offered to enable the user to maintain cost control of calling card expenses. In 1996, ANEI expanded its travel card program through affinity marketing programs and was successful in obtaining contracts with American Automobile Association of America franchisees throughout the country for a custom travel card to be marketed to its members. ANEI will seek to expand this segment in 1997. 9 Switching Equipment and Network ANEI is a switched reseller, whose network includes Stromberg-Carlson Digital Central Office switches located in Orlando, Florida and New York, New York. The interconnectivity of the network's switches, coupled with ANEI's advanced SS7 operating technology, ensure uniformity and a high grade of service. ANEI has back-up systems which, in the event of a power outage or equipment malfunction, provide several layers of redundancy and route diversity to continue call processing. These systems include back-up battery power at both switch locations and a back-up generator system at the operator center. The maintenance and repair of the network is handled by highly trained and experienced technicians at each switch site. The technicians on site are coordinated and supported by Network Control Center ("NCC") personnel in Orlando, six days a week between 6:00 A.M. and midnight, and are on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week, to handle transmission, equipment, and switching problems. The NCC is also capable of contacting ANEI's underlying carriers for trouble resolution at any time. The ANEI network also provides domestic origination and termination to the Company's other subsidiaries. ANEI believes that its network flexibility, and the low incremental cost to expand capacity, allow it to adequately service its customers throughout the country. However, in connection with the Company's ongoing business plans and decentralization efforts, the TelCom Division is examining the feasibility of outsourcing all or a significant portion of its switching and network requirements to one or more unrelated third parties (see Item 7 hereof). Revenues; Billing Arrangements Revenues of both ANEI and CNSI consist of flat fees for the use of their operator services and per minute of usage charges for the use of their network services. Their operating expenses include the commissions payable to agents, IPPs and Site Owners, the transmission charges of the LECs and IXCs, validation, billing and collection charges and operator costs. Both ANEI and CNSI contract with an unaffiliated third party billing agent, OAN Services, Inc. ("OAN") to perform billing on their behalf. ANEI also contracts with a second unaffiliated third party billing agent, Zero Plus Dialing, Inc. ("ZPDI"). ANEI and CNSI calculate the charges for calls carried over their shared network and forward the call records to the billing agents. The records are then processed and forwarded to the appropriate billing LEC. The billing LECs collect the amount due from the end user and remit payment to the billing agents, which, in turn, remit payment to ANEI or CNSI. Such payments to ANEI or CNSI are net of billing and collection fees charged by the LECs, as well as a provision for uncollectible accounts and a per transaction fee for the billing agent's services. During 1997, the Company intends to consolidate all billing services through NBE's billing agreements. Such action would result in reduced costs in 1998 and better control and management of the billing process. 10 ANEI utilizes a combination of in-house and outsourced billing systems to bill and collect calls made by its 800, travel card and direct dial customers. This direct billing process was designed to bill known customers with recurring monthly direct dial and travel card services. International The TelCom Division's international operations are conducted through CNSI, its subsidiaries and AII. CNSI is currently deriving revenues from hospitality services in Mexico and, to a substantially lesser degree, the Caribbean and Europe. AII is a newly-formed international carrier operation which seeks to enter into direct agreements with other carriers for the transport of international voice and data traffic. Mexico is one of the largest telecommunications partners with the United States. It is also a critical arena for the Company. Through CNSI, the Company services over 1,500 locations in Mexico by providing hospitality-based telecommunications services primarily to American and Canadian customers traveling abroad. CNSI's subsidiary, CNM, intends to market 1+ domestic and international long distance service in Mexico to CNSI's existing customer base. The Company believes that it can effectively sell newly-deregulated long distance services to its existing customer base and also to new customers throughout Mexico. AII, a licensed international carrier, has reached an agreement with InvestCom, one of eight authorized carriers in Mexico, for the carriage and transportation of international traffic in and out of Mexico. This will allow CNSI to sell, and AII to carry, Mexican-originated long distance domestic and international traffic. As with the TelCom Division's domestic revenues, the division's international revenues consist of flat fees for the use of its operator services and per minute of usage charges for the use of its network services. Operating expenses include the commissions payable to its agents, IPPs and Site Owners, the transmission charges of the local Mexican and United States carriers, validation, billing and collection charges and operator costs. CNSI also contracts with OAN to perform billing on its behalf for calls originated overseas but billed in the United States and Canada. Marketing and Customers CNSI markets its international services through a network of independent sales agents with whom it has entered into contractual arrangements as well as through its own direct sales force. Such arrangements with agents afford them the opportunity to receive commissions based on a percentage of revenues generated by the calls routed over CNSI's network by the agent's subscribers. Since a majority of CNSI's subscribers are hotels in tourist areas, revenues are affected by seasonal variations. Many of the hotels serviced by CNSI produce substantially higher call volumes in winter months (when tourism in Mexico is at its peak) than at other times during the year. 11 Several countries are experiencing telecommunication reform similar to that which has transpired in the United States. Many of these new foreign telecommunication competitors will, in all likelihood, be looking to secure a United States partner that can provide expertise to enhance entry in their domestic markets. Mexico and Europe, in the early stages of telecommunications reform, have large markets and provide the Company the ability to become a true international carrier. The Company intends to find ways to leverage domestic capabilities to provide similar services in foreign countries. Additionally, the Company expects to sell international voice service to both second tier carriers and direct customers. PubCom Division The PubCom Division is developing the Company's premise equipment and services business. The unit seeks to integrate the delivery of the hardware, local dial tone, telecommunications network management and calling services required to service the needs of specific vertical markets. Currently, the division is pursuing two markets: the hospitality business (through AHE) and private pay telephones (through Crescent and Sun Tel). The PubCom Division has recently been expanded to include ANEI's 1+ Coin business. Typically, IPPs deploy payphones and sell calling services to the public at a profit. By owning both the instrument and the network, the Company derives the benefits of being both an IPP and a network provider. Revenue and earnings are derived from both the ownership of the payphones and the network. Controlling the customer location helps eliminate customer turnover and the high expenses usually associated with sales, marketing and responding to competitive pressures. The same is true for the hospitality market. Recent regulatory decisions opening up the local exchange market complement the Company's plans for this area of its operations and provide opportunities to further reduce costs and add local service minutes to the network (see "Government Regulation - Federal Regulation- Domestic Operations-1996 Act"). These changes were anticipated and played an early role in formulating the Company's PubCom Division strategy. PBX/Program Started in 1994, the Company's PBX program, provided through the Company's AHE subsidiary, has shown steady growth. The PBX program was the first attempt by the Company to secure long-term control of telecommunications services at hotel and other hospitality properties. AHE supplies the equipment, telecommunications network management and calling services for all of the hotel property's needs on an exclusive basis. By controlling the dial tone, AHE can secure the telecommunications revenue from its customer's locations for various business units of the Company. Additional services, including payphones and debit cards, also can be deployed at these hotels, if desirable. 12 AHE has primarily marketed its services to small to medium-sized hotels (20 to 150 rooms). The PBX program is now in place in over 600 hotel and motel properties in New York, New Jersey, Florida, Colorado and California. By utilizing refurbished telephone systems and purchasing in large quantities, the Company is able to enjoy low capital costs when equipping a location with a relatively fast pay back. ANEI is currently providing 0+ service to these properties, but expects to provide all telecommunications services to these properties (including local service) beginning in 1997. Since hospitality room occupancy levels are at a historic high, AHE's revenues should benefit. Private Payphones In 1995, the Company acquired Crescent, an owner and operator of private payphones, in order to obtain private pay telephone locations and thus gain control of such locations' telecommunications services and reduce the costs associated with paying commissions to private payphone owners. The acquisition included approximately 1,850 telephones. In November 1996, Crescent acquired certain assets of Coastal Telecom, Garden State, and BEK Tel, including approximately 4,300 phones. Additionally, certain assets of several other companies were subsequently acquired which contributed an additional 1,300 phones. As a result of these acquisitions, at March 31, 1997, the Company owned and operated a total of approximately 7,500 phones in the New York, New Jersey and Philadelphia corridor as well as in Florida. Most PubCom Division management functions are centrally located in the Company's Lake Success, New York facility (see Item 2 hereof). Technicians at the data center continually monitor payphone functionality, alarms, operating statistics, revenue production and other diagnostic data. Expansion within existing service areas results in significant reductions in selling, general and administrative expenses as a result of consolidating newly-acquired operations. The centralized facility also allows for the efficient and economical provision of back office functions such as the analysis of telephone bills, inventory control, equipment refurbishing and ordering, accounts payable/accounts receivable, sales, acquisition analysis, training, field dispatch and customer service. Field technical and coin handling functions are performed at regional dispatch centers located strategically in close proximity to the concentration of phones they support. The Company intends to continue to expand its payphone base, with growth expected to be focused on the Northeast, Southeast and Mid-Atlantic areas. Regional concentrations of traffic allow the Company to use its network efficiently and provide a strong competitive advantage for Crescent over other IPPs. In addition to growth through acquisitions, Crescent regularly identifies and evaluates new sites for private payphones, or COCOTs. Typical locations for COCOTs include hotels, motels, health care institutions, airports, educational institutions, dining establishments, office and government buildings, and retail stores and shopping malls. Crescent seeks to enter into a long-term location agreement (generally five to ten years) with the business owner or site manager pursuant to which the Location Owner would supply the space and electricity for the COCOT and would be entitled to receive a commission based upon phone utilization. Crescent installs, maintains and repairs the equipment, collects the coins from the phone coin vaults and pays phone line charges. Crescent's services are marketed through an internal sales force as well as through independent representatives. 13 As an IPP, Crescent derives commission revenues and "dial around" compensation (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation-PubCom Division") from the long distance and operator-assisted, non-coin calls made from its phones. ANEI provides its operator-assisted and interexchange services at Crescent's phones. 1+ Coin Service ANEI has entered into agreements with most RBOCs which allow it to process interexchange coin calls placed from any LEC payphone at which ANEI is the presubscribed interLATA carrier. The agreements allow ANEI to provide these same services at phones served by other IXCs that designate ANEI as their 1+ Coin carrier. At present, the service encompasses six RBOC regions covering 31 states. ANEI expects full deployment of the 1+ Coin service by the end of 1997. ANEI began to deploy its 1+ Coin service for interLATA calls in the third quarter of 1995, a service which previously only AT&T provided. The Company's strategy in this market niche has been to offer 1+ Coin service to those IXCs that currently provide long distance services to the site where LEC pay telephones are located. ANEI has already signed definitive agreements with the two largest operator service providers ("OSPs") in the LEC pay phone market as well as with substantially all other IXCs operating in that marketplace. ANEI currently has 600,000 LEC payphones under contract for 1+ Coin service with approximately one-half of such payphones located in areas where ANEI currently provides such service. Billing Division NBE is currently a value-added reseller of OAN billing and collection services (see "Revenues; Billing Arrangements"). NBE has been positioned to become a direct provider of billing and collection services in the LEC, direct and credit card billing environments. In order to accomplish this goal, NBE has re-engineered its out-clearing and remittance accounting software to meet the increased requirements of providing direct services. Additional software programming with regard to the systems is being undertaken. NBE has grown fairly rapidly over the past six months, particularly in the 1+ area. This is due in part to the implementation of special service messaging ("SSM") in the areas serviced by the GTOCs and Pacific Bell. SSM service allows enhanced telecommunications services ( e.g., paging charges, Internet usage charges or monthly service fees) to be billed on the local telephone bill. This service is provided through direct LEC contracts and not through OAN. As part of its marketing plan, NBE intends to market the service, as well as the provision of billing for Internet, paging, cellular and other similar services. NBE has also developed and deployed the systems necessary to support a new billing technology called invoice ready billing ("IRB") that greatly enhances the presentation of the billing information for its clients. NBE intends to market its IRB product to paging, Internet, cellular and personal communications services companies. The Company intends to use NBE to provide billing services to its other operating divisions in order to reduce its own billing costs and enhance NBE's profitability through economies of scale. 14 NBE is positioned well for growth in the next few years (as billing becomes more complex) due to the changing number and nature of telecommunications services providers. The long-term strategy of the Company is for NBE to become a universal billing provider, providing direct billing to the end user for new full service providers, utilities and cable companies, as well as providing LEC and credit card billing. Competition TelCom Division Domestic The Company experiences formidable competition from AT&T, which dominates the long distance and operator service businesses, as well as from MCI, Sprint, LDDS WorldCom and various other third tier carriers providing both 1+ and 0+ services. AT&T and others currently provide long distance operator services on calls from BOC and GTOC-owned pay phones and have, and can be expected to retain, a significant share of this market. Further, the Company is aware of numerous other companies engaged in the operator services business, either directly or through other entities, some of which have significantly greater resources than the Company. Carriers other than ANEI and AT&T are also free to enter the 1+ Coin market, although the Company does not anticipate that they will expend the capital and strategic resources necessary to enter this market niche. In addition to AT&T, the LECs have significantly greater resources and experience than the Company and may find opportunities in the operator services business that would adversely affect the Company. For instance, several RBOCs offer their operator services on a wholesale basis to other operator service providers. In addition, the 1996 Act allows them to enter the interLATA marketplace over time (see "Government Regulation- Federal Regulation-Domestic Operations-1996 Act") and, subject to FCC review, to participate in the selection of the interLATA and intraLATA carrier at their own payphones. The BOCs can be expected to aggressively market their operator services in competition with ANEI, CNSI and other providers as early as the second quarter of 1997. Finally, some IXCs, notably MCI and AT&T, have introduced specialized operator service products such as 1-800-COLLECT and 1-800-CALL ATT which compete with a portion of ANEI's and CNSI's domestic operator services offerings. The Company believes that these "dial around" services have had an adverse impact on its revenues; however, since the payphone operator is entitled to receive "dial around" compensation from the long distance service provider on certain types of calls, the Company's payphone operations receive a revenue stream from these types of calls (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation-Domestic Operations-1996 Act"). 15 The Company believes that the primary area of competition with AT&T and others relates to the commissions and surcharges paid to Site Owners or lessors of telephone locations for interstate calls, the enhanced services available to users at such locations, the quality of service provided and the rates charged to end users (see "Government Regulation"). International There are currently hundreds of United States carriers terminating international traffic on a resale basis. Previously, most of this traffic was carried over the networks of the larger facilities-based carriers, AT&T, MCI, Sprint, and LDDS WorldCom. However, the international switched voice and data environment is changing rapidly. Operating agreements between facilities- based United States carriers and their international counterparts historically have controlled both the flow of traffic and rates for the IMTS market. Parallel accounting rates and settlements were set by the FCC and international treaties in a monopoly environment and prevented both foreign and United States carriers from negotiating cost-based agreements. With the advent of competition in foreign countries, however, new carriers have emerged. These carriers are seeking United States partners capable of terminating United States-bound traffic in a cost effective manner. Since the existing dominant carriers are reluctant to deal with these new carriers and sacrifice the high revenues they enjoy from the current arrangement, opportunities exist for new entrants. Numerous companies currently compete with CNSI in the Mexican hospitality industry, and major carriers such as MCI, AT&T and several RBOCs have received, or are partners in companies which have received, licenses to carry intra-Mexico traffic. As in the domestic market, these carriers have significantly greater resources than the Company and may find opportunities that would adversely affect operating results. Nevertheless, the Company believes that the opportunities are large enough that it will be able to sell the newly-deregulated services to its existing base and build on its strategic relationship with InvestCom. PubCom Division Crescent competes primarily with the LECs in its service territories in the identification of new sites for private payphones. However, a number of other IPPs also market competitive services in Crescent's current market areas. Crescent believes that the primary area of competition relates to the commissions paid to the Site Owners and the quality of service provided. Billing Division The market is currently dominated by three major clearinghouses: OAN, ZPDI, and Integretel. These companies provide billing of 1+, 0+, and 900 services, and limited billing for enhanced services. The investment in infrastructure, LEC contracts and systems to provide these services has been high and has generally been a barrier to entry. Moreover, the approach taken by the major clearinghouses has limited their processing capabilities to message-based billing. Thus, the contracts currently held by the clearinghouses are inadequate to function in the emerging marketplace of IRB/SMS billing. By contrast, with its multi-product platform, NBE is positioned to process current and future marketplace transactions in addition to addressing the needs of the IRB/SMS marketplace. 16 While the major companies such as AT&T, MCI and the RBOCs are expected to provide their own billing services, the emerging competitive marketplace should provide opportunities for clearinghouses, such as NBE, that can offer state-of-the-art, customized billing services to new entrants and others, such as cable and electric companies, that lack experience in telecommunications billing forms and inquiry operations. Government Regulation Federal Regulation Domestic Operations Long distance and operator service companies such as ANEI and CNSI are considered interstate common carriers by the FCC and are, therefore, subject to the jurisdiction of the FCC under the Communications Act of 1934 (the "1934 Act") and 1996 Act. Under the 1934 Act, long distance and operator service companies must charge just and reasonable rates and cannot engage in unreasonable practices or unreasonable discrimination. Commencing in 1983, the FCC substantially deregulated the interstate activities of non-dominant interexchange resellers such as ANEI and CNSI. As discussed below, the 1996 Act continues this trend, giving the FCC new powers to deregulate the industry and open new markets. 1996 Act The 1996 Act, signed into law on February 8, 1996, represents the most significant reform of the 1934 Act undertaken by Congress since the original law was adopted. First and foremost to the Company, the 1996 Act gives the private payphone industry the parity it has long sought with the payphones provided by the BOCs. In response to IPP concerns, the statute prohibits a BOC from (1) subsidizing its own payphone services with revenues from its local exchange services, and (2) discriminating between BOC-provided and independently-provided payphones. Furthermore, the 1996 Act required the FCC to complete a rulemaking proceeding addressing payphone issues within nine months from the date of enactment. The legislation broadened the scope of previous compensation proceedings in two respects: first, compensation must apply to all payphone providers, including LECs, not just to private payphone providers as before; second, the FCC must adopt compensation rules including all types of calls (except emergency and telecommunications relay service calls) to ensure payphone providers are "fairly compensated for each and every completed intrastate and interstate call." Previously, the FCC had ordered compensation only for "access code" calls (e.g., 1-800, 10XXX, etc.). 17 Another significant issue the FCC was required to address was the right of the BOCs to solicit Site Owners to select the carrier that will provide interLATA services from the payphone. Prior to the 1996 Act, this issue was irrelevant because the BOCs were prohibited from offering interLATA services. Now, with the possibility of BOC entry into the interLATA market, whether and how a BOC may provide service at its own payphones is an issue. The 1996 Act grants the BOCs "the same right that independent payphone providers have" to negotiate with the Site Owner, but enables the FCC to eliminate this right if it is not in the public interest. The statute makes it clear, however, that the Site Owner is the ultimate decision-maker with respect to the interLATA carrier. Nothing in the 1996 Act, however, impairs existing contracts relating to payphone services. As a result of the above statutory requirements, and in a series of orders released in the fourth quarter of 1996, the FCC established a new rate and mechanism for "dial around" compensation. During the one year period commencing November 6, 1996, IPPs are entitled to receive $45.85 per phone per month. During the following one year period, they will be entitled to receive $.35 per call on all originating access code calls as well as all toll-free calls originating at their payphones. Thereafter, IPPs will be entitled to receive the market-based rate established at the time for local calls. The foregoing will positively impact Crescent's operations. In order to fund these payments, however, the FCC has ordered IXCs, including ANEI, to contribute the additional "dial around" compensation for the IPPs. During the first year, only carriers with 1995 revenues in excess of $100 million (including ANEI) are required to contribute to the compensation pool. Since the obligation is based on relative revenues, ANEI's share is $0.0689597 per phone per month. After the first year, each IXC, regardless of revenue, will be obligated to pay on a per-call basis. LECs will also be eligible for compensation once they have terminated the subsidies for their payphones and had their comparably efficient interconnection ("CEI") plans approved by the FCC. In spite of the payments required to be made by ANEI, and viewed in terms of the current base of approximately 7,500 phones, "dial around" compensation is anticipated to have a substantial positive impact on the Company's earnings. However, if a substantial number of LECs are eligible for payphone compensation during the year while per phone compensation is in place, the difference between the amount received by Crescent and paid by ANEI will decrease, although the Company believes the net result will still be materially positive. Once per call compensation is in place, carriers to whom payphone calls are routed will be responsible for tracking each compensable call and remitting per-call compensation to the IPP. The carrier has the option of performing the function itself or contracting out these functions to another party, such as a LEC or clearinghouse. The FCC placed certain reporting and verification requirements on the carrier for the first two years. 18 In addition, the FCC ordered states to ensure that payphone competition is promoted. To this end, each state was required to examine and modify its regulations applicable to payphones and IPPs, removing, in particular, those rules that impose market entry or exit requirements. In the one year period before per-call compensation is effective, states may continue to set the local coin rate. After this interim period, however, local coin rates will be deregulated and IPPs may charge market-based prices. Since subsidies from basic exchange and exchange access revenues will be discontinued, incumbent LEC payphones will be treated as deregulated and detariffed equipment. The FCC concluded that such equipment should be unbundled from LEC underlying transmission service in order to prevent improper cross-subsidization, but LECs do not have to provide their payphones through a structurally separate affiliate. AT&T must similarly detariff its payphones. Once the BOCs reclassify their phones and terminate all subsidies, so long as they do not otherwise receive compensation for 0+ calls made from their payphones, they may receive per call compensation; thus, ANEI will be required to pay per-call compensation on all 0+ calls originating from LEC phones. In an order released in September 1996 and affirmed in November, 1996, the FCC also granted the BOCs the right to negotiate with the Site Owner for the selection of the interLATA carriers for their payphones effective when their CEI plans have been submitted to and approved by the FCC. In so ruling, the FCC denied the petitions for reconsideration filed by IXCs urging that the FCC exercise its right under the 1996 Act to find that BOC participation in the selection of an interLATA carrier was not in the public interest. Instead, the FCC affirmed its earlier decision that, since the payphone industry is competitive and characterized by low barriers to entry, the BOCs were effectively prevented from exercising market power in the provision of payphone services. The FCC found that allowing BOCs to participate in the selection would not be equivalent to providing long distance service, as its order granted them no more than the right to participate as a contractual intermediary between a Site Owner and a third party interLATA carrier. The FCC also indicated that many long-term agreements currently exist between the Site Owner and the OSP, like ANEI, and that the existence of these enforceable agreements will ensure continued availability of choice. Finally, the FCC affirmed that the 1996 Act grandfathers all contracts in effect as of February 8, 1996, and emphasized that the Site Owner's right to choose the carrier should be protected from unjust and unreasonable practices, including interference with pre-existing arrangements between Site Owners and OSPs, as well as conduct which is unduly coercive of the Site Owner's right to choose the carrier for the payphones on its premises. As a result of the FCC's order, the BOCs, and in particular Bell South, are expected to begin to negotiate with Site Owners for the selection of a long distance carrier beginning in the third quarter of 1997. Based upon the FCC's ruling, local call rates in most jurisdictions are expected to rise in October 1997. Moreover, the required removal of local exchange subsidiaries from the LEC payphone operations, including the monthly line charges paid by Crescent, are expected to result in lower monthly line costs and usage charges by the end of 1997. This is expected to have a materially positive impact on the PubCom Division's earnings. However, several IXCs, as well as some state public utility commissions, have challenged the FCC's decision in court, arguing both that the "dial around" compensation rate level is too high, and that the FCC exceeded its authority by preempting state regulation of the local coin rate. There can be no assurance that the court will affirm the FCC's decision in all respects and that the "dial around" compensation rate levels and regulatory structure put in place by the FCC will be the final rate structure applicable to the Company's operations. 19 Equally important are the 1996 Act's provisions for the opening of the intraLATA market to full competition. The new law prohibits state or local requirements that may have the effect of prohibiting or precluding competitive entry of a telecommunications service provider into the local market. The 1996 Act also enables RBOCs to enter interLATA markets, within and outside of their existing service regions. The RBOCs were authorized to begin providing interLATA services in markets outside of their current regions upon enactment of the law. The RBOCs must still obtain state authority, as discussed below, to provide intrastate, interLATA services in the same way as any other prospective competitors, including ANEI. Before providing in-region services, the RBOCs must first overcome a number of legal and regulatory hurdles. At a minimum, an RBOC must fulfill the requirements of a competitive checklist for interconnection. Additionally, the RBOC must demonstrate to the FCC that, in each state where it seeks to provide interLATA service, it has entered into one or more binding agreements, approved by the state, to provide interconnection to a competing facilities-based service provider serving both commercial and residential subscribers. The FCC is required to make a determination that RBOC interLATA market entry is in the public interest. In reaching its determination, the FCC must consult with the DOJ whose input will have "substantial" though not "preclusive" effect, and with the relevant state. Upon receipt of interLATA authority, the RBOC must provide interLATA services through a structurally separate affiliate for a period of at least three years from the time authority is granted. The 1996 Act also allows the FCC to forebear from applying certain regulations to some classes of telecommunications carriers. Prior to the enactment of the 1996 Act, the FCC's forbearance policies suffered a series of setbacks as the Federal courts concluded on several occasions that the FCC's policy exceeded its 1934 Act authority. Therefore, the 1996 Act is a significant step forward for the FCC because it not only permits the FCC to forbear, but mandates forbearance under certain circumstances. Since passage of the 1996 Act, the FCC has already begun to exercise this authority, adopting rules eliminating tariffs for many domestic services and proposing changes to expedite and streamline the complaint process. Although the FCC's detariffing order was appealed and a stay issued, this will have little practical impact on the Company since all tariffs are still in place and effective. The 1996 Act also gave the FCC six months from enactment to promulgate the interconnection and access rules necessary to open the local market to competition. Each state may continue to adopt and enforce its own local interconnection and access rules, so long as the rules are not inconsistent with the 1996 Act. The statute relies on negotiated interconnection and access agreements between incumbent LECs and new entrants, but maintains a role for the states to approve interconnection agreements and arbitrate settlements if so requested. In August 1996, the FCC completed the required rule making under the 1996 Act which established the standards for interconnection of the incumbent LEC networks with those of the new competitors. Among other things, the FCC adopted uniform, nationwide pricing rules and required that competitors be allowed to purchase unbundled network service elements and combine them in any manner they choose in order to provide local exchange service. The FCC ruled that such interconnection rates should be based on total element long run incremental cost ("TELRIC"), a forward looking cost methodology that does not generally include the embedded costs associated with monopoly service. In addition, the FCC adopted certain proxy rates, including resale discount rates, that states were required to apply in arbitration and interconnection proceedings in the event they were unable to, or chose not to, engage in the cost studies required by the TELRIC methodology. 20 The FCC's order was appealed by various state public utility commissions as well as LECs, and the associated request for stay of the FCC's rules was granted by the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As a result, the FCC's pricing rules and the so-called "pick and choose" provisions have been stayed pending final decision of such court. A decision is expected in 1997. Despite the stay, most states and state arbitrators have followed the FCC's preferred pricing methodology and adopted resale discounts comparable to the proxy rates announced by the FCC. Thus, the stay has had little practical negative effect on the economics of the local service market for new entrants. However, there can be no assurance given as to the final decision of the appeals court and any reversal by such court of the FCC's pro-competitive policy could have a material adverse effect on the Company's ability to effectively enter the local exchange market. Other Applicable Regulations In 1990, the Telephone Operator Consumer Services Improvement Act of 1990 ("TOCSIA") was signed into law. TOCSIA amended the 1934 Act by imposing a number of requirements on all carriers providing interstate operator services, including ANEI, CNSI, AT&T and the LECs. These requirements include, among other matters, the identification of the OSP and the end user's right to access other carriers. In 1992, the FCC advised Congress of its determination that no further regulation of the operator service industry, including rate regulation, was necessary at that time. As discussed under "Industry Background", in 1988, the Court held that Site Owners should be permitted to select the presubscribed IXCs for all calls originated by dialing "0" from such telephones. However, some industry members are supporting adoption of billed party preference whereby all calls of the type handled by ANEI and CNSI would be routed directly to the IXC of the billed party, and not through OSPs. Since 1992, the FCC has been considering whether or not to adopt such a system for all payphones and has sought public comments on a variety of issues related to its implementation and costs. The majority of parties filing comments opposed the implementation of billed party preference, citing its high costs, long (two to three year) implementation time, technical drawbacks, consumer inconvenience and potential network disruptions as factors which outweighed any perceived benefits. Although the FCC is not expected to adopt this proposal, if adopted, it would have a material adverse effect on the Company's operator service business. 21 In February 1995, the National Association of Attorney Generals filed a Petition for Rulemaking with the FCC, proposing additional branding disclosures by some OSPs. Comments on this petition were consolidated with comments on an ex parte filing made by a broad industry coalition proposing that the FCC adopt a rate ceiling on 0+ calls. The proposal would adopt a benchmark rate on a simple per minute basis, without regard to time of day, distance or whether the call was handled on an automated or live basis, or made with a calling card or collect. This ceiling was proposed as an alternative to billed party preference, contending that it could be implemented more quickly and much less expensively. In October 1996, the FCC requested additional comment in this proceeding, this time seeking comment on still a different proposal which would require all providers of operator services at aggregator locations to disclose orally, to the party to be billed, the rate for the call before connecting the call. Most industry commentors agreed that it was not technically feasible to disclose the specific rate for the call, but it was feasible to disclose the availability of a rate quote and how to obtain one. This proposal is still pending, although FCC action is expected in April or May 1997. The Company believes the adoption of a disclosure mechanism along the lines proposed by the industry would not have an adverse impact on the overall profitability of its operator services product. However, there can be no assurances the FCC will not adopt specific disclosure requirements or rate cap levels which would adversely affect the volume and/or profitability of the Company's interstate operator services. In December, 1996, the FCC instituted a rulemaking proceeding designed to comprehensively revise the rate structure for, and pricing of, interstate access services. The proceeding looks at both the access charge and price cap rules. The rulemaking offers two possible approaches for reducing access charges, establishing a transition to more cost-based charges and deregulating incumbent LEC services as competition develops. The first approach would rely on potential and actual competition to drive down access prices; the FCC would not prescribe any particular reductions and would relax the existing access pricing and price cap rules in response to the development of competition. The second approach is a prescriptive one under which the FCC would specify the nature and timing of changes to the existing rate levels. Specific proposals are requested, as is comment on whether the two approaches should be combined. The notice also includes proposals for a series of reforms to the access charge rate structure rules, including changes to the common line, local switching and transport elements. Finally, while refusing to take any action at this time to impose access charges on information service providers or the Internet, the FCC did issue a notice of inquiry on whether it should, in addition to access charge reform, also consider actions related to these users. In particular, it requested comment on how to effectively create incentive for the deployment of services and facilities to allow efficient transport of data traffic. While the industry attempts to influence the final design and implementation of access charges, it is anticipated the Company will enjoy lower access costs in the future. However, there can be no assurances that the FCC will not adopt access charge rules which might have an adverse impact on the Company. The FCC plans to adopt final rules in this area in April 1997. 22 International Operations Despite its deregulation of a substantial portion of the domestic long distance market, the FCC has continued to assert more rigorous regulation over international telecommunications services, requiring that carriers obtain certificates of public convenience and necessity and file tariffs. In addition, United States carriers were required to comply with the FCC's International Settlements Policy ("ISP") which specified certain bilateral accounting rates to which carriers must adhere. The ISP prevents foreign carriers from discriminating among United States carriers and requires the equal division of accounting rates, non-discriminatory treatment of United States carriers and proportionate return of inbound traffic. The fundamentals of this regulatory structure had not changed even after the entry of United States carriers into the IMTS market. In December 1996, the FCC adopted rules intended to introduce a more flexible framework for regulating accounting rules, relying on competitive forces to determine termination costs and efficient resource allocation, when appropriate. Specifically, the FCC authorized United States carriers to propose methods to pay for terminating international calls other than by the traditional prescribed method of bilateral accounting rates. Subject to certain competitive safeguards, the FCC will now permit carriers to enter into alternative pay arrangements with foreign carriers in countries (currently, only Canada, Sweden, New Zealand and the United Kingdom) that satisfy the FCC's so-called equivalent competitive opportunities ("ECO") test. Alternative arrangements will also be considered in non-ECO countries where the United States carrier can demonstrate that the deviation will promote market-oriented pricing and competition while precluding abuse of market power by the foreign carrier. The FCC's approach is intended to stimulate competition, allow United States carriers to respond more rapidly to changing conditions in the global telecommunications market, and reduce call termination costs. The Company's associations with carriers in ECO countries or ECO-candidate countries are intended to position it to take maximum advantage of these new regulatory initiatives and enable it to enjoy those benefits on an immediate basis. In another late 1996 order, the FCC proposed revisions to its existing accounting rate benchmark ranges. Such revisions were intended to update the benchmarks to reflect recent technological improvements and their associated cost reductions, as well as recognize market structure changes. The FCC believes that, as long as accounting rates remain above costs, foreign countries will be reluctant to introduce competition. Thus, the proposed revisions to and updating of the published accounting rate benchmarks are intended to achieve rates which more closely reflect costs and reinforce the FCC's commitment to the development of global IMTS competition. PubCom Division Current federal regulations require that IPPs offer unrestricted access from their phones by unblocking all major forms of access to other OSPs (10XXX, 950-XXXX and 1-800- NXX-XXXX). Additional regulatory requirements include provisions which require the posting of certain consumer information and the prompt routing of emergency calls, and prohibit the payment of commissions by OSPs at locations which block unrestricted access. 23 The FCC has also adopted rules pursuant to which IPPs are entitled to receive compensation for some "dial around" calls that are made to other operator or long distance service providers through the dialing of an access code. The 1996 Act reinforced these rules, and required the FCC to expand the scope of such rules and take certain actions to ensure the termination of subsidies to LEC-owned payphone operations (see "Government Regulation-Federal Regulation- Domestic Operations-1996 Act"). State Regulation TelCom Division ANEI and CNSI are currently authorized to provide intrastate interexchange telecommunications services on a resale basis in 45 states pursuant to certificates of public convenience and necessity obtained from various state public utility commissions, or commerce departments, or because no such certificate is required. Rate caps are in effect in most states in which they provide services. Rate caps are expected to be introduced in New Jersey during the second quarter of 1997. In addition, virtually all the states which regulate the provision of operator services have their own set of guidelines, similar to those required on the federal level, with which providers must comply. The passage of the 1996 Act should open up new intrastate opportunities for ANEI and CNSI in that it will force those states that currently prohibit the provision of intraLATA services and/or which have found the provision of competitive operator services not to be in the public interest to open up these markets. In fact, the FCC has already preempted the State of Connecticut's prohibition on private payphones and similar petitions are expected to be favorably viewed. All states will now have to consider the introduction of competition for the provision of local exchange services. Many states are moving to order the implementation of intraLATA presubscription (1+ intraLATA equal access). Most states have already ordered the implementation of this technology, and more are expected to follow suit in the next year. Further, from time to time, various state legislatures may consider a variety of regulatory measures which could affect the manner, terms and conditions under which ANEI or CNSI could provide service in such states. While no major initiatives are known to be currently underway, there can be no assurances that such proposals will not be considered or adopted in the future. If implemented in particular states, such proposals could have a materially adverse impact on the profitability of the Company's service in such states. 24 PubCom Division New York, New Jersey, Florida and Pennsylvania, the states in which Crescent operates, currently regulate the provision of telephone service from COCOTs. Such regulation includes quality of service standards, reporting requirements and caps on rates for local and long distance calls made by depositing coins. COCOT owners are also subject to certain posting requirements relating to the provision of consumer information, including a number which can be called to obtain a refund for lost coins and to report an out of service condition. While Crescent believes that it is in compliance with all such rules and that compliance with any requirements adopted by the state commission will have no material adverse impact on its operations, there can be no assurances that the regulatory agencies will not adopt additional regulations which will adversely affect the profitability of its services. In particular, the New Jersey Board of Regulatory Commissioners is expected to implement new rules in May 1997 which will, among other things, limit the rates to be charged from payphones. However, given the Company's vertical structure, the availability of a hardship waiver and the Board's stated intention to address concurrently the issues surrounding removal of subsidies from the line charges and usage rates paid by IPPs to the LECs, the limitations are not expected to have a materially adverse impact, although no assurances can be given in this regard. In late 1995, the City of New York adopted legislation relating to the registry, permitting and franchising of all pay telephones installed on the city streets. Implementing regulations were adopted by the New York Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications in March 1996. The rules require that all payphones installed on the city streets, including payphones owned by NYNEX, comply with certain siting, maintenance and operational requirements. These include provisions requiring that "0-" calls, i.e. calls dialed with only the digit "0", be directed to an OSP certified to handle emergency calls (such as ANEI). The rules contain monetary penalties in the event of certain classes of violations and provide for removal of the phone under certain circumstances. Most significantly, however, the rules contain a grandfather provision relating to the siting requirements for already installed phones. Crescent has already made the requisite interim permit and registry filings and paid all applicable fees for the approximately 1,680 phones it has on the city streets. The majority of Crescent's phones qualified for the grandfather provisions and no additional work is expected to be needed to bring them into compliance with the new rules. Crescent believes that any deficiencies relating to phones whose installations were not grandfathered have been cured by rerunning wires or obtaining requisite approval. Crescent has also applied for the necessary city franchise and permanent permit authority. While Crescent believes that all its phones are in compliance with the new regulations and that it will be issued a franchise, there can be no assurances given in this regard and failure to obtain the necessary franchise and permits for a large number of Crescent's phones would have a material adverse effect on its operations. In addition, several municipalities in New Jersey currently require that IPPs obtain a franchise for certain of their phone locations. Crescent believes that it is currently in compliance with any applicable rules. 25 Employees As of March 22, 1997, the Company had 397 full-time employees and 25 part-time employees, including 146 telephone operators. In addition, the Company hires certain support staff through temporary employment agencies and currently employees 25 such workers at its operator center in Orlando and 38 in Mexico. None of the Company's employees is subject to a collective bargaining agreement. Reference is made to Item 7 hereof for a discussion of a certain restructuring plan pursuant to which certain of the Company's core operating functions would be realigned or outsourced. (d) Financial Information About Foreign and Domestic Operations and Export Sales. Not applicable. Item 2. PROPERTIES The executive offices of the Company are located at 101 Park Avenue, New York, New York where approximately 4,200 square feet of space are rented under a sublease expiring in October 1997. The approximate base annual rental for such premises is $128,000. The Company anticipates seeking other space in New York City upon the expiration of the sublease. ANEI's corporate office, data processing operations and Florida switch site are located at 100 West Lucerne Circle, Orlando, Florida, where it occupies approximately 28,000 square feet of space pursuant to various leases. Certain of such leases expire between 1998 and 1999; others have expired and are being renegotiated. The approximate aggregate base annual rental for such premises is currently $540,000. The Florida operator center is located at 1516 Colonial Drive, Orlando, Florida where ANEI occupies approximately 13,400 square feet of space pursuant to a lease which expires in 1998. The lease provides for a current base annual rental of approximately $185,000. ANEI's New York switch site is located at 60 Hudson Street, New York, New York where the Company occupies approximately 5,700 square feet of space pursuant to a lease that expires in 2001 and provides for a current base annual rental of $171,000. The Company is renting an additional 5,000 square feet of space at the same location, pursuant to leases that expire in 2001. The current annual rental for the additional space is approximately $107,000. Such rent increases periodically to a yearly maximum of approximately $116,000. A substantial portion of the above space is currently being subleased by the Company at market rates. Crescent's corporate office and operations are located at 6 Nevada Drive, Lake Success, New York where it rents approximately 23,300 feet of space under a lease expiring in 2007 and providing for a current base annual rental of approximately $128,000 (with a fixed increase of approximately $5,800 per year for the term of the lease). 26 CNSI's and NBE's operations are currently located at 600 Congress Avenue, Austin, Texas, where CNSI has rented approximately 40,400 square feet of space under a lease which expires in 2000 and provides for a current base annual rental of $153,300. CNSI and NBE occupy approximately 21,500 square feet of the total leased premises. The remaining space has been or is intended to be subleased at market rates. The lease contains an option to renew for a five year term with certain specified increases in the base annual rental. The Company is currently considering whether certain CNSI functions can be performed at ANEI's Orlando, Florida facility (see Item 7 hereof). The Company believes that its premises are adequate to meet its needs. Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Not applicable. Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS Not applicable. PART II Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS (a) Market Information. AMNEX's Common Shares are traded in the Nasdaq SmallCap Market (Nasdaq Symbol: AMXI). The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low bid prices for AMNEX's Common Shares, as reported by Nasdaq: High Low 1995 Calendar Year First Quarter $3.75 $2.50 Second Quarter 3.06 2.38 Third Quarter 5.63 2.56 Fourth Quarter 4.94 3.25 1996 Calendar Year First Quarter $4.31 $2.88 Second Quarter 4.12 3.25 Third Quarter 3.88 2.81 Fourth Quarter 3.63 2.56 27 The above quotations represent interdealer prices without retail markups, markdowns or commissions and may not necessarily represent actual transactions. (b) Holders. As of December 31, 1996, there were 1,075 holders of record of Common Shares of AMNEX. (c) Dividends. AMNEX has neither declared nor paid any dividends on its Common Shares since inception and the Board of Directors does not contemplate the payment of dividends in the foreseeable future. Any decision as to the future payment of dividends will depend on the earnings and financial position of the Company and such other factors as the Board of Directors deems relevant. In February 1993, AMNEX issued 356,000 Series B Preferred Shares. The holders of the Series B Preferred Shares, in preference to the holders of the Common Shares, are entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, cumulative dividends at the rate of $.40 per share per annum, and no more. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, dividends on the Series B Preferred Shares are payable annually in cash or, at the option of the Board of Directors, but subject to the requirements of applicable law, in Common Shares. AMNEX has paid dividends to the holders of the Series B Preferred Shares through the period ended April 30, 1995. There are currently 72,450 Series B Preferred Shares issued and outstanding, the remainder having been converted into Common Shares. In August 1994, AMNEX issued 1,413,337 Series D Preferred Shares. The holders of the Series D Preferred Shares, in preference to the holders of the Common Shares, are entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, cumulative dividends at the rate of $.25 per share per annum, and no more. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, dividends on the Series D Preferred Shares are payable annually in cash or, at the option of the Board of Directors, but subject to the requirements of applicable law, in Common Shares of AMNEX. To date, no dividends have been paid to the holders of the Series D Preferred Shares and no such holders have converted such shares into Common Shares. Between April 1995 and June 1995, AMNEX issued an aggregate of 1,085,000 Series E Preferred Shares. The holders of the Series E Preferred Shares, in preference to the holders of the Common Shares, are entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, cumulative dividends at the rate of $.225 per share per annum, and no more. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, dividends on the Series E Preferred Shares are payable annually in cash or, at the option of the Board of Directors, but subject to the requirements of applicable law, in Common Shares of AMNEX. To date, no dividends have been paid to the holders of the Series E Preferred Shares. There are currently 1,035,000 Series E Preferred Shares issued and outstanding, the remainder having been converted into Common Shares. 28 In September 1996, AMNEX issued 100,000 Series G Preferred Shares. The holders of the Series G Preferred Shares, in preference to the holders of the Common Shares, are entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, cumulative dividends at the rate of $1.00 per share per annum, and no more. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, dividends on the Series G Preferred Shares are payable at the time of conversion of the Series G Preferred Shares, in cash or, at the option of AMNEX, but subject to the requirements of applicable law, in Common Shares or additional Series G Preferred Shares (which AMNEX is required to immediately convert into Common Shares). There are currently 16,250 Series G Preferred Shares issued and outstanding, the remainder having been converted into Common Shares. (d) Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, AMNEX issued or sold the following equity securities other than in transactions registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"): (i) Effective January 1996, AMNEX issued 50,000 Common Shares to Trinkaus & Burkhardt (Schweiz) AG upon conversion of an equal number of Series E Preferred Shares. Such Common Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act as the Common Shares were a security exchanged by AMNEX with its existing preferred shareholder and no commission or other remuneration was paid or given, directly or indirectly, for soliciting such exchange. (ii) Effective May 1996, AMNEX issued 245,000 Common Shares to certain executive officers (see Item 11(a) hereof) and a consultant pursuant to its 1996 Restricted Stock Grant Plan. Such Common Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. (iii) Effective June 1996, in connection with the acquisition of all the issued and outstanding capital stock of CNSI, AMNEX issued to various individuals 4,099,086 Common Shares and two-year warrants for the purchase of an aggregate of 400,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $4.51 per share. Such Common Shares and warrants were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. (iv) Effective July 1996, AMNEX issued 44,643 Common Shares to Spring Technology Corp. upon conversion of a certain promissory note in the principal amount of $150,000, together with accrued interest thereon. Such Common Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act as the Common Shares were a security exchanged by AMNEX with its existing promissory noteholder and no commission or other remuneration was paid or given, directly or indirectly, for soliciting such exchange. 29 (v) Effective August 1996, in consideration of certain consulting and advisory services rendered, AMNEX granted to Robb, Peck McCooey Clearing Corporation a three-year warrant for the purchase of 50,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $3.0625 per share. Such warrant was issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. (vi) Effective September 1996, AMNEX sold 100,000 Series G Preferred Shares to Southbrook International Investments, Ltd. ("Southbrook") at a purchase price of $20.00 per share. The Series G Preferred Shares are convertible into Common Shares at a conversion price generally equal to the lesser of $3.5125 per share or 80% of the average per share market value for the five trading days immediately preceding conversion. In consideration of the purchase of the Series G Preferred Shares, concurrently therewith, AMNEX issued to Southbrook and its designee five-year warrants for the purchase of 225,000 and 50,000 Common Shares at exercise prices of $5.29 and $3.53 per share, respectively. Such Series G Preferred Shares and warrants were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. (vii) Effective September 1996, AMNEX issued an aggregate of 550,725 Common Shares to James E. Everingham and Daryl A. Frame in connection with its acquisition of 80% of the outstanding capital stock of NBE. Such Common Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. (viii) Between September 1996 and December 1996, AMNEX issued an aggregate of 245,742 Common Shares to designees of Coastal Communications of America, Inc. ("CCOA") in connection with Crescent's acquisition of certain assets of CCOA. Such Common Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. (ix) Effective October 1996, AMNEX sold an aggregate of 75,000 Common Shares to certain individuals, including Kenneth G. Baritz, Chairman of the Board of the Company (25,000 Common Shares), and other employees, at a purchase price of $3.00 per share, such price being equal to the market value of the Common Shares at the time of the purchase agreement. Such Common Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. (x) Effective November 1996, AMNEX issued an aggregate of 2,098,373 shares to designees of Coastal Telecom, Garden State and BEK Tel in connection with the acquisition of certain assets of such companies. Such Common Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act as a transaction by an issuer not involving any public offering. 30 (xi) Effective December 1996, AMNEX issued 195,808 Common Shares to Southbrook upon the conversion of 21,250 Series G Preferred Shares. Such Common Shares were issued pursuant to the exemption from registration provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act as such Common Shares were a security exchanged by AMNEX with its existing preferred shareholder and no commission or other remuneration was paid or given, directly or indirectly, for soliciting such exchange. Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following financial information with respect to the Company as of December 31, 1996, 1995, 1994, 1993 and 1992 and for the years then ended has been derived from the Company's audited consolidated financial statements for such years. The consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 1996 and 1995, the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 and auditor's report with regard thereto are included in Item 14(a) hereof. Effective August 1992, the business of Eastern Pay Phones, Inc. ("Eastern") was sold. In addition, in October 1992, the operations of AMNEX Interactive, which had previously taken over the operations of Communications Technologies, Inc. ("COMTEC"), were discontinued. Accordingly, the operations of Eastern and COMTEC are reflected in the Statement of Operations Data as discontinued operations. Effective October 4, 1995, the Company purchased all of the issued and outstanding common shares of Crescent Communications, Inc ("CCI"), which subsequently merged with Crescent. The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, the results of operations for Crescent have been included in the Statement of Operations Data from the date of acquisition. Effective June 30, 1996, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common shares of CNSI. The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, the results of operations of CNSI have been included in the Statement of Operations Data from the date of acquisition. Effective September 30, 1996, the Company acquired 80% of the outstanding common shares of NBE. The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, the results of operations for NBE have been included in the Statement of Operations Data from the date of acquisition. 31 Effective November 20, 1996, Crescent acquired certain assets, including approximately 4,300 pay telephones, from Coastal Telecom, Garden State and BEK Tel. The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, the Statement of Operations Data includes operating results from the date of acquisition. The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company and related notes thereto and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included as Item 7 hereof. Statement of Operations Data (in thousands, except share data) Year Ended December 31,
1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- Revenues $117,142 $105,890 $108,737 $55,519 $38,799 Income (loss) from continuing operations (4,248) 1,431 541 98 (3,814) Income from discontinued operations -- --- --- --- 190(1) Net income (loss) (4,248) 1,431 541 98 (3,623) Net income (loss) available for Common Shares (2) (5,264) 888 250 (36) (3,623) Net income (loss) per Common Share from continuing operations available for Common Shares: Primary (2) (.23) .05 .02 (.01) (1.79) Fully Diluted (.23) .05 .02 (.01) (.69) Net income per Common Share from discontinued operations: Primary --- --- --- --- .09(1) Fully Diluted --- --- --- --- .03(1) Net income (loss) available for Common Shares per Common Share: Primary (2) (.23) .05 .02 (.01) (1.70) Fully Diluted (.23) .05 .02 (.01) (0.66) Weighted average number of shares outstanding: Primary 23,274,219 19,416,497 13,522,815 6,915,449 2,136,668 Fully Diluted 23,274,219 19,416,497 13,522,815 6,915,449 5,528,913
32 Balance Sheet Data (in thousands)
December 31, 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- Total assets $90,515 $49,580 $39,773 $27,815 $19,182 Working capital (deficiency) (4,994) 531 (3,114) (6,420) (12,034) Long-term obligations 22,972 6,302 767 642 1,558 Shareholders' equity (deficit) 33,320 20,392 12,870 6,477 (935)
(1) Includes $1,307 net gain on disposal of discontinued operations. (2) Gives effect in 1996, 1995, 1994 and 1993 to $616, $543, $291 and $134, respectively, in Preferred Share dividend accruals. Also gives effect in 1996 to $400 in deemed dividends with respect to the Series G Preferred Shares. 33 Item 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following discussion and analysis provides information which management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of the Company's consolidated operations and financial condition. The discussion should be read in conjunction with the Company's consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. The consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 1996 and 1995 and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 are included in Item 14(a) hereof. Results of Operations Year Ended December 31, 1996 compared with Year Ended December 31, 1995 Future Realizable Value of Certain Assets; Contemplated Plan of Restructuring During the fourth quarter of 1996, the Company began to analyze the future realizable value of certain assets, including (i) certain receivables, (ii) certain intangible assets relating to certain customer agreements and (iii) certain investments. The Company has determined that the value of these assets has been permanently impaired substantially due to changes in the Company's industry resulting from the enactment of the 1996 Act and other regulatory action. The charges resulting from such determination, which totaled $7,248,000 before income taxes, give effect to the implementation of SFAS No. 121 "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of" ($3,716,000) and a write down to estimated future realizable value of customer advances and other receivables ($3,532,000). In addition and as part of an overall Company reorganization, the Company embarked in the first quarter of 1997 on a plan of restructuring. This restructuring plan, which resulted from an extensive strategic review of the Company's assets, product offerings and competitive position in light of the 1996 Act and related regulatory action, is designed to streamline the Company's provision of telecommunication services, improve efficiencies and increase competitiveness. Such plan contemplates the closure of certain of the Company's facilities and the payment of employee termination benefits. The implementation of the Company's restructuring plan will in all likelihood result in a significant reduction in selling, general and administrative expenses, but also the incurrence of a significant restructuring charge. The Company is also examining the feasibility of outsourcing all or a significant portion of its switching and network requirements to one or more unrelated third parties. Operational Results Total Company revenues increased from approximately $105,890,000 in 1995 to approximately $117,142,000 in 1996, an increase of 10.6%. Current trends in the domestic operator services industry continue to show weakness as discussed more fully in the prior year's analysis below and as reflected in a decrease in such revenues from approximately $96,700,000 (91.5% of revenues) in 1995 to approximately $82,000,000 (70.0% of revenues) in 1996. Because of this historical and anticipated future trend, the Company continued its planned revenue shift by developing and acquiring revenue sources from product lines other than domestic operator services. During 1996, development of the 1+ Coin operations continued and this service produced revenues of $4,200,000 in contrast with insignificant revenues during 1995. In addition, revenues from acquisitions, described under "Acquisitions" below, offset declines in revenues from domestic operator services as follows: (i) revenues for the six months of CNSI's operations were approximately $11,200,000; (ii) NBE revenues for the three months of operations in 1996 were approximately $534,000; and (iii) revenues from the 4,300 pay phones purchased in the November 1996 Coastal Telecom/Garden State/BEK Tel acquisition were approximately $1,000,000. In addition, revenues from other business lines increased as follows: (i) Crescent had revenues of $5,600,000 in 1996 compared to $1,400,000 during the three months of operations included in 1995; (ii) AHE had revenues of $1,600,000 in 1996 compared with $1,500,000 in 1995; and (iii) 1+ long distance revenues were $9,200,000 in 1996 compared to $5,500,000 in 1995. 34 Cost of sales, as a percentage of revenues, was 80.1% and 81.9% for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively. This decrease is attributable for the most part to reduced bad debts, collection costs and operator center costs. For 1996, there was 29.8% decrease in the cost of bad debts and collections due to a shift to the customer of the burden of bad debt risk and a 16.7% decrease in operator center costs primarily due to synergies of combining the operations of the two operator centers of CNSI and ANEI. In addition, the decrease reflects the Company's reduced dependence on domestic operator service revenues and relatively high costs associated therewith. Commission expense increased by 14.8% in 1996 as compared to a revenue increase of 10.6%. This was due to the payment of relatively high commissions on domestic operator services which the Company determined was required to maintain its domestic operator services base of customers. Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of revenues, were 14.1% and 11.5%, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1995. The increase in 1996 over 1995 related directly to the acquisition of CNSI which had significant redundant selling, general and administrative expenses. As part of the CNSI consolidation and integration plan, a significant portion of these costs, which approximated $1,500,000 per annum, were specifically targeted for reduction or elimination. In addition, professional fees increased by $600,000 between 1995 and 1996 and are attributable to the 1996 acquisitions and the significant growth of the Company. These costs are expected to be reduced in 1997. Interest expense was $2,730,000 and $2,044,000 for the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The increase in 1996 over 1995 was due to additional capital lease obligations of the integrated services product lines and loans obtained in connection with the Crescent acquisition in October 1995. Furthermore, it reflects approximately $462,000 of interest for CNSI, represented by short-term and long-term borrowing assumed as part of that acquisition. 35 Year Ended December 31, 1995 compared with Year Ended December 31, 1994 Revenues declined by 3% from 1994 to 1995 primarily due to the current trends impacting the operator services industry, including (i) increases in the number of consumers who use "dial around" services, i.e., the use of access numbers to reach their carrier of choice, rather than dialing "0+" and utilizing the services of the operator services company who services the telephone and (ii) the continued efforts by governmental regulatory agencies to establish maximum rates which may be charged for 0+ calls. During 1995, the Company also implemented stricter fraud control measures which resulted in reduced revenues. Such measures, however, resulted in increased profits through the reduction of bad debt and related costs. The total number of calls processed increased by 11% in 1995 to 26,300,000 while the minutes billed increased by 1.5% to 125,000,000 in 1995. Revenues did not increase correspondingly since the increase in calls and minutes related to 1+ calls which have lower rates than 0+ calls. In order to combat the effects of "dial around" and rate caps, as well as the high commission expenses associated with operator services, during 1995, the Company's management established goals to strategically position the Company in new businesses which will lower its cost of sales, improve profit margins and secure its customer base. As a result, the Company began to shift its selling focus to new higher profit margin services while it converts its current operator services offering to the provision of transaction-based, wholesale services in the COCOT business and presubscription business (in which the Site Owner preselects the long-distance service provider). These new services, which were offered initially during 1995, include hospital services, network management services, and 1+ Coin services. Although growth in the number of COCOT and presubscription phones providing operator services leveled out during 1995 as a result of this process, the Company's income before taxes increased to approximately $1,760,000 for 1995, a 44% increase over 1994. In addition, the Company's return on revenues (income before taxes divided by revenues) increased to 1.7% in 1995 from 1.1% in 1994. Cost of sales, as a percentage of revenues, decreased by approximately 1.6% (from 83.5% to 81.9%) between 1994 and 1995. Such decrease was due primarily to a reduction in commission expense which, as a percentage of revenues, decreased from 50.2% to 47.5%. Network costs increased, as a percentage of revenues, from 13.0% to 14.5% between 1994 and 1995. Commission expenses decreased as a result of the Company's shifting into new higher profit margin services for which commissions, as a percentage of revenue, are lower, as well as due to the renegotiation of unprofitable customer commission agreements. Network expense increased due to an increase in fixed network costs resulting from a slight increase in fixed network cost rates and the expansion of the 1+ Coin fixed network. Selling, general and administrative costs decreased approximately $490,000 between 1994 and 1995 due to the change in mix of business activities and management's cost reduction initiatives, and remained fairly consistent as a percentage of revenues at 11.6% and 11.5%, respectively. 36 Interest expense for 1995 was approximately $2,044,000 as compared to approximately $1,793,000 for 1994. This increase was due primarily to the cost of financing for equipment procured for AHE and for the acquisition of Crescent in the fourth quarter. Liquidity and Capital Resources The Company had a net working capital deficiency of approximately $4,994,000 as of December 31, 1996 as compared to a working capital surplus of approximately $531,000 as of December 31, 1995. This change was primarily the result of increases in the short-term portion of long-term debt and capital leases associated with the CNSI and Coastal Telecom/Garden State/BEK Tel acquisitions. In addition, costs related to acquisitions, both paid and accrued during 1996, negatively impacted working capital during the second half of 1996. These net working capital deficiencies were offset by certain financings, including the sale and issuance of Preferred Shares during 1996 and long-term debt financing (each as discussed below). Trade receivables at December 31, 1996 were approximately $19,311,000 as compared to approximately $17,080,000 at December 31, 1995. Receivables consist of uncollected revenues and surcharges which the Company bills and collects on behalf of itself and its customers and uncollected revenues for services provided to other IXCs. Trade receivables decreased by approximately $8,726,000 between December 31, 1995 and 1996 (without giving effect to the acquisitions that occurred during 1996). The Company currently has in place lending agreements with its billing and collection agents pursuant to which it is currently provided advances of up to $27,600,000 at any one time based upon eligible receivables. Such eligible receivables are purchased by the lenders, with recourse, at the approximate rate of 76% of the gross amount thereof. The Company generally pays interest for such advances at an effective rate equal to the prime rate plus 2%. At December 31, 1996, the approximate amount due to the lenders was $10,898,000. The lending agreements expire in February 2000. In September 1996, the Company obtained proceeds of $2,000,000 through the sale of an aggregate of 100,000 Series G Preferred Shares at a price of $20 per share. The Series G Preferred Shares have the following rights and preferences, among others: (i) 5% cumulative dividend payable, at the time of conversion, in cash or, at the option of the Company and subject to the requirements of applicable law, in Common Shares or Series G Preferred Shares of the Company; (ii) voting rights, with the number of votes equaling the number of Common Shares issuable at the original issue date of the Series G Preferred Shares upon conversion of such shares; (iii) the right to convert each share into Common Shares of the Company at a conversion price equal to the lesser of (a) $3.5125 per share and (b) 80% of the average per share market value for the five trading days immediately preceding the conversion date, subject to reduction under certain circumstances; and (iv) a liquidation preference of $20 per share plus an amount equal to accrued but unpaid dividends. 37 As part of the Series G Preferred Share purchase agreement, up to an additional $8,000,000 of Preferred Share financing is available to the Company during the period ending September 30, 1997, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. Such conditions include, without limitation, the requirement that between June 30, 1996 and the date of funding no event shall have occurred which in the judgment of the purchaser of the Series G Preferred Shares had a material adverse effect on the Company (see "Results of Operations") and that Messrs. Baritz and Izzo shall have remained substantially in their then current function under their then current managerial positions with AMNEX without a material diminution of managerial responsibilities. As discussed in Item 10 hereof, in March 1997, Mr. Baritz replaced Mr. Izzo as Chief Executive Officer of AMNEX and Mr. Izzo assumed the position of President of the Company's PubCom Division. During 1996, the Company obtained debt financing in the aggregate amount of approximately $9,500,000, including approximately $4,000,000 required to consummate the acquisition of Coastal Telecom/Garden State/BEK Tel assets described below under "Acquisitions". The Company's obligation to repay such approximate $9,500,000 in debt financing, plus an additional $2,500,000 refinanced during 1996, is secured by the grant of a security interest in, among other assets, approximately 6,000 private payphones. As of December 31, 1996, substantially all of such aggregate $12,000,000 of indebtedness was outstanding and was payable over a five year period, together with interest at the approximate rate of between 10.5% and 11.9% per annum. As of March 31, 1997, the Company had approximately 1,500 payphones not subject to such security interest. The Company is currently seeking additional debt financing with regard to such presently unencumbered phones. No assurances can be given that any such financing will be obtained. In addition, the Company is contemplating an offering of convertible debt securities in order to raise a significant amount of additional funds. The proceeds of any such financing are intended to be used to repurchase certain outstanding convertible securities, and provide funds for acquisitions and any short-term working capital needs. There can be no assurances given that the Company will undertake such offering or, if undertaken, that it will be able to successfully conclude such financing. It is contemplated that, if the financing is undertaken, the securities offered will not be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and neither such securities nor the underlying Common Shares may be offered or sold in the United States absent registration under the Securities Act or an exemption from the registration requirements thereof. The Company maintains various office, operations and computer facilities under operating and capital leases. As of December 31, 1996, the Company's minimum commitments for the following 12 months under noncancelable operating leases was approximately $977,000. The Company anticipates that such commitments will be met through operating profits. The Company expects that normal recurring capital expenditures will be approximately $1,000,000 for 1997 and anticipates that cash flow from operations and asset-based financing will provide the funding required. No assurances can be given that these sources will provide adequate funding for such capital expenditures or that such capital expenditures will actually be made. 38 Acquisitions CNSI Effective June 30, 1996, AMNEX acquired all of the outstanding common shares of CNSI. Pursuant to the acquisition agreement, as amended (the "CNSI Acquisition Agreement"), AMNEX issued to the former shareholders of CNSI an aggregate of 4,099,086 Common Shares (the "CNSI Acquisition Shares") and two-year warrants for the purchase of an aggregate of 400,000 Common Shares of the Company at an exercise price of $4.51 per share. Of the CNSI Acquisition Shares, 1,861,802 are being held in escrow and will be available (i) to effect a reduction of the purchase price in the event that the negative working capital of CNSI as of the closing date and certain other amounts payable as of such date exceeded a certain threshold amount as provided for in the CNSI Acquisition Agreement and (ii) to indemnify AMNEX against certain breaches of the CNSI Acquisition Agreement as set forth therein. In March 1997, AMNEX sent a notice seeking indemnification under the CNSI Acquisition Agreement. Concurrently with the closing, AMNEX advanced to CNSI cash in the approximate amount of $1,000,000. Such proceeds were used by CNSI to pay certain employee separation costs. The CNSI acquisition enabled the Company to enter the international telecommunications market. See Item 1 hereof. The acquisition was accounted for as a purchase. Accordingly, the results of operations of CNSI have been included in the financial statements, included herein as Item 14(a), from the date of acquisition. Teleplus On August 31, 1996, Teleplus assigned to AMNEX all of its rights under its Dealer Agreement with CNSI in exchange for 1,052,336 Common Shares. Of such shares, 526,168 were issued effective as of January 30, 1997 and 526,168 are issuable on January 30, 1998. The Teleplus transaction was done in furtherance of the Company's goal to reduce commission expenses payable to independent sales agents. NBE Effective September 30, 1996, AMNEX acquired 80% of the outstanding common shares of NBE for 550,725 Common Shares. The Company believes that NBE should provide significant synergies to the existing cost structure of ANEI, while providing a new and expanding business in the billing and collection niche markets. See Item 1 hereof. The acquisition was accounted for as a purchase. Accordingly, the results of operations of NBE have been included in the financial statements, included herein as Item 14(a), from the date of acquisition. 39 Coastal Telecom et al. Effective November 20, 1996, pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement (the "Coastal Acquisition Agreement"), Crescent acquired certain assets owned by Coastal Telecom, Garden State and BEK Tel (collectively, the "Coastal Assets"), including 4,300 pay telephones located primarily in the State of New Jersey. The aggregate consideration payable in connection with the acquisition of the Coastal Assets was $10,410,000, payable to the extent of $3,010,000 in cash, 2,098,373 Common Shares and the assumption of approximately $2,200,000 in liabilities. Pursuant to the Coastal Acquisition Agreement, the holders of the common shares acquired (the "Coastal Acquisition Shares") have been granted certain piggyback registration rights as well as certain rights to require that AMNEX repurchase up to $3,250,000 in market value of the Coastal Acquisition Shares in the event AMNEX does not file a registration statement within certain time periods as set forth in the Coastal Acquisition Agreement and the Coastal Acquisition Shares are not otherwise sold. The Coastal Assets were acquired in furtherance of the Company's goal of significantly increasing its ownership of payphone assets. Recent Federal Legislation As discussed in Item 1(c) hereof, in February 1996, the 1996 Act was signed into law. The new statute is intended to promote competition in both the local and long distance markets. Prior to enactment, the RBOCs could not sell long distance service or manufacture equipment. Although such activities are now permitted, before RBOCs may enter the long distance market, they must comply with a number of requirements that are designed to prevent them from unfairly using their market power to compete against the smaller industry participants. The law also calls for the FCC to further define, implement and oversee the new rules. The Company believes that its current activities are no more or less at risk, as a result of the new law, than they were before the law was passed. The Company additionally believes that it is well positioned to take advantage of some of the provisions in the new law. Subsequent Events On January 7, 1997, the Company entered into a Stock Exchange Agreement with Francesco Galesi pursuant to which the Company acquired 10% of the outstanding capital stock of GTI in exchange for Series L Preferred Shares of the Company and warrants for the purchase of Series L Preferred Shares. See Item 13(a) hereof. 40 On February 25, 1997, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Community Network Services Inc., MicroTel Communications Corporation and other entities related to them for the purpose of conducting telecommunications operations with regard to international 1+ calls. In connection with the transaction, the Company converted approximately $2,250,000 of indebtedness into preferred shares of the joint venture entity and agreed to make working capital loans to the joint venture entity in an aggregate amount of up to $1,200,000 during the initial six month term of the agreement. On February 28, 1997, the Company entered into a Renewal and Modification Agreement with National with regard to the redefinition of the customer relationship between the parties. Under the terms of the Renewal and Modification Agreement, the Company has been appointed the exclusive provider of various services to private payphones owned, leased or otherwise controlled by National. See Items 1 and 13(a) hereof. On March 1, 1997, Crescent acquired certain assets from Sun Tel Inc. (the "Sun Tel Assets") including approximately 600 pay telephones located in Florida, for an aggregate purchase price of $1,068,000 and the grant to a designee of Sun Tel Inc. of a 20% equity interest in the Crescent subsidiary that purchased the Sun Tel Assets. Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA See Item 14 hereof. Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE There were no changes in accountants due to disagreements on accounting and financial disclosure during the twenty-four month period ended December 31, 1996. 41 PART III Item 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF REGISTRANT Directors and Executive Officers The following persons are the Directors and executive officers of the Company: Name Age Position ---- --- -------- Kenneth G. Baritz 40 Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director Peter M. Izzo, Jr. 45 President of PubCom Division and Director Michael V. Dettmers 51 Chief Operating Officer and Director Kevin D. Griffo 36 President of TelCom Division John Kane 44 Executive Vice President for Business Development Amy S. Gross 41 Vice President - General Counsel and Secretary Richard L. Stoun 40 Vice President - Finance, Treasurer and Chief Accounting Officer Francesco Galesi 66 Director Kenneth G. Baritz was elected Chief Executive Officer of the Company in March 1997. Mr. Baritz has also served as the Company's Chairman since January 1994 and as a Director of the Company since October 1992. Mr. Baritz served from October 1989 through December 1993 as a Vice President of Bear, Stearns & Co., Inc., an investment banking firm. From April 1987 to October 1989, he was a Vice President of Shearson Lehman Brothers, also an investment banking firm. In 1994, without admitting or denying that he had committed any violations, Mr. Baritz consented to a censure and a 90 day suspension from employment with a New York Stock Exchange member firm for conduct inconsistent with just and equitable principles of trading involving certain brokerage transactions completed in 1989 and 1991. Mr. Baritz is on the Board of Directors of a number of privately-held companies. Peter M. Izzo, Jr. has served as President of the Company's PubCom Division since March 1997 and as a Director of the Company since October 1992. Mr. Izzo previously served as the Company's President from October 1992 to March 1997 and as its Chief Executive Officer from August 1993 to March 1997. From May 1991 to October 1992, Mr. Izzo served as President of Peconic Communications, a provider of pay phones and interconnect equipment. He served as Vice President of New Product Development for the Company during 1991. Prior thereto and from 1989, 42 Mr. Izzo was associated with ANEI, the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, last serving as Executive Vice President - Operations. During 1987 and 1988, Mr. Izzo was Vice President of Network Operations at Elcotel, a manufacturer of private pay phones. He previously served as Director of Operations for TFN, Inc., an interexchange carrier, and was employed for 15 years with New York Telephone Company. Michael V. Dettmers was elected Chief Operating Officer of the Company in March 1997 and has served as a Director of the Company since May 1994. From March 1995 to March 1997, Mr. Dettmers provided consulting services to a number of clients, including the Company, in the area of organizational design and development. Prior thereto and from January 1988, he served as President of Dettmers Industries Inc., a manufacturer of interior products for business aircraft. From 1980 to 1991, he also served as President of Execucorp Inc., a management consulting firm. Kevin D. Griffo has served as President of ANEI since June 1996 and President of the Company's TelCom Division since March 1997. Mr. Griffo previously served ANEI as its Chief Operating Officer from December 1995 and General Manager from January 1995. From February 1996 to September 1996, Mr. Griffo also served as Chief Operating Officer of the Company. Prior to joining ANEI and from August 1992, Mr. Griffo served as Regional Vice President for LDDS, an interexchange carrier. From September 1983 to August 1992, Mr. Griffo was Chief Operating Officer of Tele-Fibernet, an interexchange carrier. John Kane has served as the Company's Executive Vice President for Business Development since March 1997, having previously served in such position from February 1996 to September 1996 and in the same position for ANEI from June 1995 to February 1996. Mr. Kane served as Chief Operating Officer of the Company from October 1996 to March 1997. From September 1992 to May 1995, Mr. Kane served as Senior Vice President - Operations for WCT Communications, Inc., an interexchange carrier. He served from May 1992 to March 1993 as President of Computer Calling Technology, Inc., an interexchange carrier. Prior thereto and from April 1987, Mr. Kane served as Vice President and General Manager of First Phone of New England, Inc., an interexchange carrier. Amy S. Gross has served as Vice President - General Counsel and Secretary of the Company since June 1992. Prior thereto and from June 1989, she served as General Counsel - Regulatory for the Company. From 1985 until June 1989, Ms. Gross was affiliated with NYNEX Service Company, serving as a member of its legal department and later as a staff director responsible for product development and regulatory planning. Richard L. Stoun joined ANEI in January 1996 as Senior Vice President - Finance. He was elected Vice President - Finance, Treasurer and Chief Accounting Officer of the Company in February 1996. From November 1992 to January 1996, Mr. Stoun served as Senior Vice President - Finance and Treasurer of Signature Flight Support Corporation ("Signature"), a provider of aviation services for commercial and general aviation markets. Prior thereto and from August 1985, he was Vice President - Finance and Treasurer of Page Avjet Corp., a company engaged in a business similar to Signature. Mr. Stoun is a certified public accountant who previously served with the independent accounting firm of Deloitte Haskins and Sells. 43 Francesco Galesi has served as a Director of the Company since January 1997. Since 1969, Mr. Galesi has served as Chairman of the Galesi Group, which includes companies engaged in telecommunications, manufacturing, real estate and logistic management. Mr. Galesi is also currently a Director of Walden Residential Properties, Inc., a real estate company, and WorldCom, Inc., a telecommunications company, each of whose shares are publicly traded. Mr. Galesi also serves on the Board of Directors of a number of privately-held companies. See Item 13(a) hereof. Each Director will hold office until the next Annual Meeting of Shareholders and until his successor is elected and qualified or his earlier resignation or removal. Each executive officer will hold office until the meeting of the Board of Directors following the next Annual Meeting of Shareholders and until his or her successor is elected or appointed and qualified or his or her earlier resignation or removal. There is no family relationship among any of the Company's executive officers and Directors. Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance To the Company's knowledge, based solely on a review of copies of Forms 3, 4 and 5 furnished to the Company and written representations that no other reports were required, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to the Company's officers, Directors and 10% shareholders were complied with. Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION (a) Summary Compensation Table. The following table sets forth certain information for the fiscal years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 concerning the compensation of Peter M. Izzo, Jr., then Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and the Company's four most highly compensated executive officers (other than Mr. Izzo) during the 1996 fiscal year: 44
Annual Compensation Long-Term Compensation ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------- Awards Payouts ------------------------- ------- Common Restricted Shares Name and Principal Other Annual Stock Underlying LTIP All Other Position Year Salary Bonus Compensation Award(s) Options Payouts Compensation - ------------------ ---- -------- ------- ------------ -------- ------- ------- ------------ Peter M. Izzo, Jr. 1996 $223,424 -- -- $320,625(2) 325,000(3) -- $2,178(4) President and Chief 1995 $200,000 $52,083 -- -- 300,000 -- $2,000(4) Executive Officer(1) 1994 $200,204 $36,204 -- -- -- -- -- Kenneth G. Baritz 1996 $166,935 -- -- $168,750(2) 300,000(3) -- $1,187(4) Chairman of the 1995 $132,687 $17,601 -- -- -- -- -- Board(5) 1994 $120,061 -- -- -- -- -- -- John Kane 1996 $154,403 $23,000(8) -- $84,375(2) 275,000(3) -- -- Chief Operating 1995 $80,384(7) $32,000(8) -- -- 75,000 -- -- Officer(6) 1994 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Kevin D. Griffo 1996 $116,592 -- -- $84,375(2) 200,000(3) -- $690(4) President of American 1995 $110,415 -- -- -- 50,000 -- -- Network Exchange, Inc. 1994 -- (9) -- -- -- -- -- -- Richard L. Stoun 1996 $110,146 -- -- -- 100,000 -- $22,500(10) Vice President - 1995 -- (10 -- -- -- -- -- -- Finance, Treasurer 1994 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- and Chief Accounting Officer
- ---------- (1) Effective March 1997, Mr. Izzo assumed the position of President of the Company's PubCom Division. (2) In May 1996, the following persons received awards of the following number of restricted Common Shares: Mr. Izzo - 95,000; Mr. Baritz - 50,000; Mr. Kane - 25,000; and Mr. Griffo - 25,000. Such shares vest to the extent of one-tenth thereof each year, subject to continued employment and subject to acceleration under certain circumstances. Dividends are payable with respect to such shares. As of December 31, 1996, no restricted shares had vested and such shares had the following respective values: Mr. Izzo - $290,938; Mr. Baritz - $153,125; Mr. Kane - $76,563; and Mr. Griffo - $76,563. (3) Of such number of shares underlying options, the following number are subject to shareholder approval of both an increase in the number of authorized Common Shares generally and an increase in the number of Common Shares authorized for issuance under AMNEX's 1992 Stock Option Plan (the "1992 Plan"): Mr. Izzo - 250,000; Mr. Baritz - 250,000; Mr. Kane - 50,000; and Mr. Griffo - 100,000. 45 (4) Represents Company matching contributions for its 401(k) plan. (5) Effective March 1997, Mr. Baritz was elected Chief Executive Officer of the Company. (6) Effective March 1997, Mr. Kane assumed the position of Executive Vice President for Business Development. (7) Mr. Kane joined the Company in June 1995. (8) The bonus paid to Mr. Kane for 1995 and 1996 was based on the development of the Company's 1+ Coin business. See Item 1(c) hereof. (9) Mr. Griffo joined the Company in January 1995. (10) Mr. Stoun joined the Company in January 1996. The amount under "All Other Compensation" for 1996 represents a "signing bonus" paid in 1997 to Mr. Stoun following his completion of one year of continuous employment with the Company. (b) Option Grants Table. The following table sets forth certain information concerning individual grants of stock options during the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996: Potential Realizable Value at Assumed Annual Rates of Stock Price Appreciation for Option Individual Grants Term (1) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------
Number of Common Shares Percent of Total Underlying Options Granted Options to Employees in Exercise Expiration Name Granted Fiscal Year Price Date 5% 10% ---- ------- ----------- ----- ---- -- --- Peter M. Izzo, Jr. 75,000(2) 3.2% $3.375 05/23/01 $69,934 $154,535 Peter M. Izzo, Jr. 250,000(3) 10.5% $2.75 12/20/01 $189,944 $419,726 Kenneth G. Baritz 50,000(2) 2.1% $3.375 05/23/01 $46,623 $103,024 Kenneth G. Baritz 250,000(3) 10.5% $2.75 12/20/01 $189,944 $419,726 John Kane 100,000(4) 4.2% $3.25 02/12/01 $89,792 $198,416 John Kane 25,000(5) 1.1% $3.375 05/23/01 $23,311 $51,512 John Kane 100,000(6) 4.2% $2.875 11/08/01 $79,431 $175,522 John Kane 50,000(3) 2.1% $2.75 12/20/01 $37,989 $83,945 Kevin D. Griffo 100,000(7) 4.2% $3.25 02/12/01 $89,792 $198,416 Kevin D. Griffo 100,000(3) 4.2% $2.75 12/20/01 $75,977 $167,890 Richard L. Stoun 100,000(7) 4.2% $3.25 02/12/01 $89,792 $198,416
46 - ---------- (1) The potential realizable value is calculated based on the term of the option at the time of grant (five years). Stock price appreciation of 5% and 10% is assumed pursuant to rules promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and does not represent the Company's prediction of its stock price performance. (2) The options are exercisable to the extent of one-third thereof effective as of May 23, 1997, 1998 and 1999. See Item 11(e) hereof. (3) The options are exercisable to the extent of one-third thereof effective as of December 20, 1997, 1998 and 1998 and are subject to shareholder approval of an increase in the number of authorized Common Shares generally and an increase in the number of Common Shares authorized for issuance under the 1992 Plan. See Item 11(e) hereof. (4) The options are exercisable to the extent of one-eighth thereof effective June 1, 1996, one-sixth thereof effective February 12, 1997, one-eighth thereof effective June 1, 1997, one-twelfth thereof effective February 12, 1998 and one-half thereof effective June 1, 1998. See Item 11(e) hereof. (5) The options are exercisable to the extent of one-third thereof effective February 12, 1998 and two-thirds thereof effective February 12, 1999. See Item 11(e) hereof. (6) The options are exercisable to the extent of one-third thereof effective as of November 8, 1997, 1998 and 1999. See Item 11(e) hereof. (7) The options are exercisable to the extent of one-third effective as of February 12, 1997, 1998 and 1999. See Item 11(e) hereof. (c) Aggregated Option Exercises in Last Fiscal Year and Fiscal Year-End Option Value Table. The following table sets forth certain information concerning the value of unexercised options as of December 31, 1996:
Number of Common Shares Underlying Unexercised Options at Value of Unexercised in-the-Money December 31, 1996 Options at December 31, 1996 Name Exercisable/Unexercisable Exercisable/Unexercisable ---- ------------------------- ------------------------- Peter M. Izzo, Jr. 415,000 / 325,000 (1) $60,938 / $78,125 Kenneth G. Baritz 100,000 / 300,000 (1) $6,250 / $78,125 John Kane 50,000 / 300,000 (1) $16,406 / $50,781 Kevin D. Griffo 25,000 / 225,000 (1) -0- / $31,250 Richard L. Stoun -0- / 100,000 -0- / -0-
- ---------- (1) The number of Common Shares underlying unexercisable options as of December 31, 1996 include the following number that are subject to shareholder approval of an increase in the number of authorized Common Shares generally and an increase in the number of Common Shares authorized for issuance under the 1992 Plan: Mr. Izzo - 250,000; Mr. Baritz - 250,000; Mr. Kane - 50,000; and Mr. Griffo - 100,000. 47 No options were exercised by any of the foregoing persons during the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996. (d) Compensation of Directors. Directors are not entitled to receive a fee for their services in such capacity. However, see Item 11(f) hereof for a discussion of certain consulting services performed by Mr. Dettmers during 1996. (e) Employment Contracts; Termination of Employment and Change-in-Control Arrangements. AMNEX is a party to employment agreements with Messrs. Izzo, Baritz, Kane and Griffo that provide for, among other matters, the following: (i) an initial term ending on June 25, 1997 (except that for Mr. Izzo the initial term ends on June 25, 1998 and for Mr. Kane the initial term ends on October 1, 1998); (ii) minimum annual compensation as follows: Mr. Izzo - $240,000; Mr. Baritz - $190,000; Mr. Kane - $180,000; and Mr. Griffo - $150,000; (iii) the entitlement by such persons to an annual bonus as follows: Mr. Izzo - 3% of the Company's consolidated pre-tax profits; Mr. Baritz - 1% of the Company's consolidated pre-tax profits; and Messrs. Kane and Griffo participation in a bonus pool equal to an aggregate of 3% of the Company's consolidated pre-tax profits (but for Mr. Kane in no event less than 1% of such profits); and (iv) the entitlement by such persons to a severance payment equal to generally the greater of one year's minimum annual salary and the employee's total compensation for the previous 12 months (except that, for Mr. Izzo, the figures are two years and 24 months, respectively) in the event the executive officer's employment is terminated without cause, he resigns for good reason or his employment is terminated following a change in control of AMNEX (as defined in the respective employment agreements). All stock options held by Messrs. Izzo, Baritz, Kane, Griffo and Stoun will vest upon a change in control of AMNEX (as defined in their respective stock option agreements). Once and to the extent the options vest, whether by passage of time or upon a change in control, they will not terminate notwithstanding termination of employment for any reason. See Item 12 hereof. The restricted Common Shares granted to Messrs. Izzo, Baritz, Kane and Griffo in 1996 (see Item 11(a) hereof) will vest in the event the executive officer's employment is terminated without cause, he resigns for good reason or his employment is terminated following a change in control of AMNEX (as defined in AMNEX's 1996 Restricted Stock Grant Plan). (f) Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996, Mr. Dettmers provided management consulting services to the Company and received the following compensation: (i) $130,000; and (ii) a stock option under the 1992 Plan (subject to shareholder approval of an increase in the number of authorized Common Shares generally and an increase in the number of Common Shares authorized for issuance under the 1992 Plan) for the purchase of 50,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $2.75 per share. 48 Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT (a) and (b) Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners; Security Ownership of Management. Common Shares The following table sets forth, to the knowledge of AMNEX based solely upon records available to it, certain information as of February 28, 1997 regarding the beneficial ownership of AMNEX's Common Shares (i) by each person who AMNEX believes may be considered under the rules and regulations of the SEC to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of its outstanding Common Shares, (ii) by each present Director, (iii) by each person listed in Item 11(a) hereof and (iv) by all present executive officers and Directors as a group: Name of Management Person and Name and Address of Number of Shares Approximate Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned(1) Percentage of Class ---------------- --------------------- ------------------- Spring Technology Corp. (2) 3,835,356 (3)(4) 12.2% Robert A. Rowland 1122 Colorado Street Austin, Texas 2,474,891 (5) 8.8% Mellon Bank Corporation Mellon Bank, N.A. The Dreyfus Corporation One Mellon Bank Center 500 Grant Street Pittsburgh, PA 1,742,000(6) 6.2% Cofinvest 97 Ltd. (2) 1,723,617(3)(7) 6.1% Brian E. King 675 Morris Avenue Springfield, New Jersey 1,682,989 6.0% Peter M. Izzo, Jr. 512,040(8) 1.8% Kenneth G. Baritz 359,000(9) 1.3% Kevin D. Griffo 108,334(10) * John Kane 98,166(11) * Richard L. Stoun 33,334(12) * Michael V. Dettmers 15,000(12) * Francesco Galesi -0-(13) - All executive officers and Directors as a group (8 persons) 1,188,905(8)(9)(10) 4.1% (11)(12)(13) (14) ---------- * Less than 1%. (1) Except as they relate to a particular shareholder, does not give effect to the possible issuance of up to approximately 17,000,000 Common Shares pursuant to the exercise of outstanding options and warrants or the conversion of certain outstanding promissory notes and Preferred Shares (certain of which are exercisable or convertible only in the event of, among other matters, an increase in the number of authorized Common Shares generally and an increase in the number of Common Shares authorized for issuance under the 1992 Plan) or pursuant to contractual commitments. 49 (2) Address is c/o Friedli Corporate Finance AG ("Friedli AG"), Freigutstrausse 5, Zurich, Switzerland. (3) AMNEX has been advised by Friedli AG that, to its knowledge, the Common Shares reflected above as being beneficially owned by Spring Technology Corp. ("Spring") and Cofinvest 97 Ltd. ("Cofinvest") are held by such entities as nominees for certain overseas banking institutions which, in turn, hold such securities as nominees for the benefit of others (the "Ultimate Common Beneficial Owners"). AMNEX has been advised further by Friedli AG that, to its knowledge, none of the Ultimate Common Beneficial Owners is the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding Common Shares. See Item 13(a) hereof. (4) Includes 632,500 and 152,500 Common Shares issuable pursuant to the conversion of Series B Preferred Shares and Series F Preferred Shares, respectively, and 2,849,480 Common Shares issuable pursuant to the conversion of outstanding indebtedness (including accrued interest). AMNEX believes that Friedli AG may have the right to cause the conversion of such Series B Preferred Shares and indebtedness into Common Shares. (5) Includes 222,205 Common Shares issuable pursuant to currently exercisable warrants. Of the 2,252,686 other Common Shares beneficially owned by Mr. Rowland, 1,035,250 are currently held in escrow as security for indemnification claims that may be brought in connection with AMNEX's acquisition of CNSI and other related entities. See Item 7 hereof. (6) Based upon Schedule 13G filed with the SEC. Pursuant to the Schedule 13G, (i) of the reported shares, each of Mellon Bank Corporation and Mellon Bank, N.A. has sole voting power over 1,742,000 shares, sole dispositive power over 42,000 shares and shared dispositive power over 1,700,000 shares, and The Dreyfus Corporation has sole voting power and shared dispositive power over 1,700,000 shares; (ii) all of the reported shares are beneficially owned by Mellon Bank Corporation and its direct or indirect subsidiaries in their various fiduciary capacities; (iii) no one individual account holds an interest of 5% or more; and (iv) the filing of the Schedule 13G should not be construed as an admission that Mellon Bank Corporation or its direct or indirect subsidiaries are, for purposes of Section 13(d) or 13(g) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the beneficial owners of any of the reported shares. (7) Includes 127,402 Common Shares issuable pursuant to the conversion of Series D Preferred Shares and 356,415 Common Shares issuable pursuant to the conversion of certain outstanding indebtedness (including accrued interest). AMNEX believes that Friedli AG may have the right to cause the conversion of such Preferred Shares and indebtedness into Common Shares. (8) Includes (i) 95,000 Common Shares held pursuant to a restricted Common Share grant which vests to the extent of one-tenth each year, commencing May 23, 1997, subject to continued employment and subject to acceleration under certain circumstances, and (ii) 415,000 Common Shares issuable pursuant to currently exercisable options. (9) Includes (i) 50,000 shares held pursuant to a restricted Common Share grant which vests to the extent of one-tenth each year, commencing May 23, 1997, subject to continued employment and subject to acceleration under certain circumstances, and (ii) 125,000 Common Shares issuable pursuant to currently exercisable options and warrants. 50 (10) Represents (i) 25,000 shares held pursuant to a restricted Common Share grant which vests to the extent of one-tenth each year, commencing May 23, 1997, subject to continued employment and subject to acceleration under certain circumstances, and (ii) 83,334 Common Shares issuable pursuant to currently exercisable options. (11) Includes (i) 25,000 shares held pursuant to a restricted Common Share grant which vests to the extent of one-tenth each year, commencing May 23, 1997, subject to continued employment and subject to acceleration under certain circumstances, and (ii) 66,666 Common Shares issuable pursuant to currently exercisable options. (12) Represents Common Shares issuable pursuant to currently exercisable options. (13) Excludes 1,500,000 Common Shares issuable upon the conversion of 100,000 outstanding Series L Preferred Shares of AMNEX held by Mr. Galesi, which Series L Preferred Shares are mandatorily convertible into such Common Shares in the event AMNEX shall increase its number of authorized Common Shares to permit such conversion, as well as to satisfy other outstanding rights to acquire Common Shares. Also excludes 1,500,000 Common Shares issuable upon the exercise of a certain warrant held by Mr. Galesi for the purchase of 100,000 Series L Preferred Shares of AMNEX, which warrant is exercisable for the purchase of 1,500,000 Common Shares in the event the aforementioned increase in authorized Common Shares is theretofore accomplished. See Item 13(a) hereof. (14) Includes (i) 25,000 shares held pursuant to a restricted Common Share grant which vests to the extent of one-tenth each year, commencing May 23, 1997, subject to continued employment and subject to acceleration under certain circumstances, and (ii) 38,000 Common Shares issuable pursuant to currently exercisable options. Series B Preferred Shares The following table sets forth, to the knowledge of AMNEX based solely upon records available to it, certain information as of February 28, 1997 regarding the beneficial ownership of AMNEX's Series B Preferred Shares (i) by each person who AMNEX believes may be considered under the rules and regulations of the SEC to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of its outstanding Series B Preferred Shares, (ii) by each present Director, (iii) by each person listed in Item 11(a) hereof and (iv) by all present executive officers and Directors as a group: 51 Name of Management Person and Name and Address of Number of Shares Approximate Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned(1) Percentage of Class ---------------- --------------------- ------------------- Friedli Corporate Finance AG Freigutstrausse 5 Zurich, Switzerland 724,500(2) 100% Spring Technology Corp. c/o Friedli Corporate Finance AG Freigutstrausse 5 Zurich, Switzerland 632,500(3) 87.3% Banca Novara Usteristrasse 9 Postfach Zurich, Switzerland 92,000(3) 12.7% Peter M. Izzo, Jr. -0- -- Kenneth G. Baritz -0- -- Kevin D. Griffo -0- -- John Kane -0- -- Richard L. Stoun -0- -- Michael V. Dettmers -0- -- Francesco Galesi -0- -- All executive officers and Directors as a group (8 persons) -0- -- - ---------- (1) Holders of Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to ten votes for each Series B Preferred Share held. (2) AMNEX believes that Friedli AG or an affiliate thereof may have the right to vote and dispose of, or otherwise control, all of the outstanding Series B Preferred Shares. Friedli AG does not own any Series B Preferred Shares of record and AMNEX has been advised by Friedli AG that it disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. (3) AMNEX has been advised by Friedli AG that, to its knowledge, the Series B Preferred Shares reflected above as being beneficially owned by Spring and Banca Novara are held by such entities either as nominees for certain overseas banking institutions which, in turn, hold such securities as nominees for the benefit of others, or as nominees for the benefit of others. See Item 13(a) hereof. 52 Series D Preferred Shares The following table sets forth, to the knowledge of AMNEX based solely upon records available to it, certain information as of February 28, 1997 regarding the beneficial ownership of AMNEX's Series D Preferred Shares (i) by each person who AMNEX believes may be considered under the rules and regulations of the SEC to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of its outstanding Series D Preferred Shares, (ii) by each present Director, (iii) by each person listed in Item 11(a) hereof and (iv) by all present executive officers and Directors as a group: Name of Management Person and Name and Address of Number of Shares Approximate Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned(1) Percentage of Class ---------------- --------------------- ------------------- Friedli Corporate Finance AG Freigutstrausse 5 Zurich, Switzerland 1,413,337(2) 100% Experta Treuhand AG Posttach 970 Zurich, Switzerland 365,000(3) 25.8% Logitech Corp. (4) 343,334(3) 24.3% Barclays Bank (Schweiz) AG Schutzengasse 21 Zurich, Switzerland 203,500(3) 14.4% Eagle Growth Ltd. (4) 199,100(3) 14.1% Cofinvest 97 Ltd. (4) 127,402(3) 9.0% Bordier & Cie (4) 110,000(3) 7.8% Peter M. Izzo, Jr. -0- -- Kenneth G. Baritz -0- -- Kevin D. Griffo -0- -- John Kane -0- -- Richard L. Stoun -0- -- Michael V. Dettmers -0- -- Francesco Galesi -0- -- All executive officers and Directors as a group (8 persons) -0- -- - ---------- (1) Holders of Series D Preferred Shares are entitled to six votes for each Series D Preferred Share held. (2) AMNEX believes that Friedli AG or an affiliate thereof may have the right to vote and dispose of, or otherwise control, all of the outstanding Series D Preferred Shares. Friedli AG does not own any Series D Preferred Shares of record and AMNEX has been advised by Friedli AG that it disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. (3) AMNEX has been advised by Friedli AG that, to its knowledge, the Series D Preferred Shares reflected above as being beneficially owned by Experta Treuhand AG, Logitech Corp. ("Logitech"), Barclays Bank (Schweiz) AG, Eagle Growth Ltd., Cofinvest and Bordier & Cie are held by such entities either as nominees for certain overseas banking institutions which, in turn, hold such securities as nominees for the benefit of others, or as nominees for the benefit of others. See Item 13(a) hereof. (4) Address is c/o Friedli Corporate Finance AG, Freigutstrausse 5, Zurich, Switzerland. 53 Series E Preferred Shares The following table sets forth, to the knowledge of AMNEX based solely upon records available to it, certain information as of February 28, 1997 regarding the beneficial ownership of AMNEX's Series E Preferred Shares (i) by each person who AMNEX believes may be considered under the rules and regulations of the SEC to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of its outstanding Series E Preferred Shares, (ii) by each present Director, (iii) by each person listed in Item 11(a) hereof and (iv) by all present executive officers and Directors as a group: Name of Management Person and Name and Address of Number of Shares Approximate Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned(1) Percentage of Class ---------------- -------------------- ------------------- Friedli Corporate Finance AG (2) Freigutstrausse 5 Zurich, Switzerland 1,035,000(2) 100% I.A.A.C. International Automotive Advisors Corp., Panama(3) 360,000(4) 34.8% Hans-Juergen Benze 100 Jericho Quad Jericho, New York 215,000 20.8% Finanzverwaltung Des Kantons Zurich Vermogensverwaltung Walcheplatz 1 Zurich, Switzerland 200,000(4) 19.3% Infidar AG (3) 75,000(4) 7.2% Experta Trustee Co., Ltd.(3) 60,000(4) 5.8% Stephan Wullinger c/o Reich, a division of Fahnenstock and Company Inc. 780 Third Avenue New York, New York 55,000 5.3% Peter M. Izzo, Jr. -0- -- Kenneth G. Baritz -0- -- Kevin D. Griffo -0- -- John Kane -0- -- Richard L. Stoun -0- -- Michael V. Dettmers -0- -- Francesco Galesi -0- -- All executive officers and Directors as a group (8 persons) -0- -- - --------- (1) Holders of Series E Preferred Shares are entitled to one vote for each Series E Preferred Share held. (2) AMNEX believes that Friedli AG or an affiliate thereof may have the right to vote and dispose of, or otherwise control, all of the outstanding Series E Preferred Shares. Friedli AG does not own any Series E Preferred Shares of record and AMNEX has been advised by Friedli AG that it disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. (3) Address is c/o Friedli Corporate Finance AG, Freigutstrausse 5, Zurich, Switzerland. (4) AMNEX has been advised by Friedli AG that, to its knowledge, the Series E Preferred Shares reflected above as being beneficially owned by I.A.A.C. International Automotive Advisors Corp., Panama, Finanzverwaltung Des Kantons Zurich, Infidar AG, and Experta Trustee Co., Ltd. are held by such entities either as nominees for certain overseas banking institutions which, in turn, hold such securities as nominees for the benefit of others, or as nominees for the benefit of others. See Item 13(a) hereof. 54 Series F Preferred Shares The following table sets forth, to the knowledge of AMNEX based solely upon records available to it, certain information as of February 28, 1997 regarding the beneficial ownership of AMNEX's Series F Preferred Shares (i) by each person who AMNEX believes may be considered under the rules and regulations of the SEC to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of its outstanding Series F Preferred Shares, (ii) by each present Director, (iii) by each person listed in Item 11(a) hereof and (iv) by all present executive officers and Directors as a group: Name of Management Person and Name and Address of Number of Shares Approximate Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned(1) Percentage of Class ---------------- ------------------ ------------------- Spring Technology Corp.(2) 152,500(3) 36.7% Joyce Ltd.(2) 150,000(3) 36.1% Logitech Corp. (2) 105,250(3) 25.3% Peter M. Izzo, Jr. -0- -- Kenneth G. Baritz -0- -- Kevin D. Griffo -0- -- John Kane -0- -- Richard L. Stoun -0- -- Michael V. Dettmers -0- -- Francesco Galesi -0- -- All executive officers and Directors as a group (8 persons) -0- -- - ---------- (1) Holders of Series F Preferred Shares are entitled to one vote for each Series F Preferred Share held. (2) Address is c/o Friedli Corporate Finance AG, Freigutstrausse 5, Zurich, Switzerland. (3) AMNEX has been advised by Friedli AG that, to its knowledge, the Series F Preferred Shares reflected above as being beneficially owned by Spring, Joyce Ltd. and Logitech are held by such entities as nominees for certain overseas banking institutions which, in turn, hold such securities as nominees for the benefit of others. See Item 13(a) hereof. 55 Series G Preferred Shares The following table sets forth, to the knowledge of AMNEX based solely upon records available to it, certain information as of February 28, 1997 regarding the beneficial ownership of AMNEX's Series G Preferred Shares (i) by each person who AMNEX believes may be considered under the rules and regulations of the SEC to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of its outstanding Series G Preferred Shares, (ii) by each present Director, (iii) by each person listed in Item 11(a) hereof and (iv) by all present executive officers and Directors as a group: Name of Management Person and Name and Address of Number of Shares Approximate Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned(1) Percentage of Class ---------------- -------------------- ------------------- Southbrook International Investments Ltd. c/o Trippoak Advisors, Inc. 630 Fifth Avenue New York, New York 27,500 100% Peter M. Izzo, Jr. -0- -- Kenneth G. Baritz -0- -- Kevin D. Griffo -0- -- John Kane -0- -- Richard L. Stoun -0- -- Michael V. Dettmers -0- -- Francesco Galesi -0- -- All executive officers and Directors as a group (8 persons) -0- -- - ---------- (1) Holders of Series G Preferred Shares are entitled to approximately 5.69 votes for each Series G Preferred Share held. Series L Preferred Shares The following table sets forth, to the knowledge of AMNEX based solely upon records available to it, certain information as of February 28, 1997 regarding the beneficial ownership of AMNEX's Series L Preferred Shares (i) by each person who AMNEX believes may be considered under the rules and regulations of the SEC to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of its outstanding Series L Preferred Shares, (ii) by each present Director, (iii) by each person listed in Item 11(a) hereof and (iv) by all present executive officers and Directors as a group: 56 Name of Management Person and Name and Address of Number of Shares Approximate Beneficial Owner Beneficially Owned(1) Percentage of Class ---------------- --------------------- ------------------- Francesco Galesi c/o Galesi Group Rotterdam Industrial Park Wescott Road, Building 6 Schenectady, New York 200,000(2) 100% Peter M. Izzo, Jr. -0- -- Kenneth G. Baritz -0- -- Kevin D. Griffo -0- -- John Kane -0- -- Richard L. Stoun -0- -- Michael V. Dettmers -0- -- All executive officers and Directors as a group (8 persons) 200,000(2) 100% - ---------- (1) Holders of Series L Preferred Shares are entitled to 15 votes for each Series L Preferred Share held. (2) Includes 100,000 Series L Preferred Shares issuable pursuant to currently exercisable warrants. See Item 13(a) hereof. (c) Changes in Control. Reference is made to Item 13 hereof. Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS (a) Transactions with Management and Others. Galesi 57 Pursuant to a Stock Exchange Agreement, dated as of January 7, 1997, between AMNEX and Francesco Galesi, AMNEX acquired from Mr. Galesi 10% of the outstanding capital stock of GTI, a telecommunications company controlled by him. Pursuant to the terms of the Stock Exchange Agreement, (i) Mr. Galesi was issued 100,000 Series L Preferred Shares of AMNEX which have the following rights and preferences: (a) the right to receive dividends on an equal basis with the holders of AMNEX's Common Shares; (b) voting rights based on the number of Common Shares into which the Series L Preferred Shares are convertible; (c) the mandatory conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares into an aggregate of 1,500,000 Common Shares (the "Conversion Shares") upon the filing of a Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of AMNEX pursuant to which there shall be authorized a sufficient number of Common Shares for issuance upon the conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares as well as upon the exercise of all outstanding purchase, exchange or conversion rights for the acquisition of Common Shares; and (d) a liquidation preference, on an equal basis with the holders of the other series of Preferred Shares, of an aggregate of $4,545,000; (ii) Mr. Galesi was issued a warrant for the purchase of 100,000 Series L Preferred Shares of AMNEX (the "Warrant Preferred Shares") (or, if the above Certificate of Amendment is filed, 1,500,000 Common Shares (the "Warrant Common Shares")) for an aggregate exercise price of $4,545,000 (subject to reduction to zero in the event, during any continuous six month period commencing with January 1, 1997 and ending on December 31, 1999, the consolidated revenues from operations of GTI are at least $12,500,000); (iii) Mr. Galesi was granted certain registration rights with regard to the Conversion Shares and Warrant Common Shares (or, if the Certificate of Amendment shall not have theretofore been filed, the Series L Preferred Shares and Warrant Preferred Shares); (iv) Mr. Izzo was elected a Director of GTI; (v) Mr. Galesi was elected a Director of AMNEX; (vi) Mr. Galesi agreed that he would utilize GTI as his sole vehicle with regard to the conduct of international telecommunications business; (vii) Mr. Galesi agreed to a two year lock-up with regard to any securities acquired from AMNEX pursuant to the transaction; and (viii) Mr. Galesi granted AMNEX certain "tag along" rights with regard to the sale of GTI capital stock acquired. Friedli Pursuant to an Agreement, dated as of January 13, 1997, among AMNEX, Friedli AG, Friedli Corporate Finance Inc. and Peter Friedli (collectively, the "Friedli Group") (the "Friedli Agreement"), the Friedli Group has agreed to use its best efforts to cause certain securityholders of AMNEX (the "Holders") to sell, under certain circumstances and upon certain terms as set forth therein, up to 9,000,000 Common Shares of AMNEX (either through the sale of Common Shares held by such securityholders or following the conversion into Common Shares of certain promissory notes and Preferred Shares of AMNEX held by them) (see Item 12 hereof). Pursuant to the Friedli Agreement, AMNEX has agreed, under certain circumstances and subject to the conditions set forth therein, that it will (i) repurchase any convertible securities that were subject to the provisions of the Friedli Agreement, at an effective as converted purchase price of $3.50 per share, to the extent the underlying Common Shares are not sold pursuant to the Friedli Agreement; (ii) pay to the holders of the Preferred Shares of AMNEX that are subject to the provisions of the Agreement a cash payment in lieu of accrued dividends; (iii) pay to Friedli AG, in settlement of any and all claims of the Friedli Group for consulting, advisory, investment banking or similar or related fees and expenses, the sum of $375,000; (iv) agree to offer to the holders of AMNEX's Series F Preferred Shares the right to exchange such shares for an equal number of Series K Preferred Shares of AMNEX, the only difference between such series being that the Series K Preferred Shares would have a conversion price of $3.50 per share in contrast with the $5.00 per share conversion price for the Series F Preferred Shares; and (v) agree to redeem certain outstanding promissory notes of AMNEX in the aggregate principal amount of $1,400,000 that are due in October 1999 and are payable to certain clients of the Friedli Group in connection with AMNEX's acquisition of Crescent. In addition, pursuant and subject to the terms of the Friedli Agreement, the parties agreed to exchange mutual general releases under certain circumstances (the AMNEX release to include, among others, the Holders). The Friedli Agreement is subject to termination under certain circumstances. 58 National Effective February 28, 1997, ANEI entered into a Renewal and Modification Agreement (the "Renewal Agreement") with National with regard to a certain Prime COCOT Aggregator Agreement (the "Aggregator Agreement") and a certain Settlement Agreement previously entered into between the parties. AMNEX has been advised that Brian E. King ("King"), a principal shareholder of AMNEX (see Item 12 hereof), is the President and sole shareholder of National. Pursuant to the Aggregator Agreement, National, which owns, leases or otherwise controls private payphones (the "National Phones") and is an aggregator of long distance and operator-assisted traffic generated by the National Phones, engaged ANEI as the principal provider of direct dial long distance and operator-assisted services (collectively, "Services") to the National Phones. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, the parties settled certain claims made against each other with respect to the Aggregator Agreement. Pursuant to the Renewal Agreement, as amended, among other matters, (i) the term of the Aggregator Agreement was extended through February 28, 2007, subject to earlier termination under certain circumstances, (ii) ANEI was engaged as the exclusive provider of Services to the National Phones; (iii) ANEI assumed National's obligation to provide certain services and administrative support, and pay commissions and other compensation, to National's customers; (iv) ANEI was given the exclusive right to manage the business and operations of National; (v) ANEI agreed to pay to National a minimum amount of $2,250,000; (vi) ANEI agreed to pay to National a reduced monthly payment equal to the greater of $7,500 or .5% of Billed Revenues (as defined in the Renewal Agreement) during the initial three years of the Renewal Agreement term, subject to adjustment at the end of such period; (vii) ANEI was granted a right of first refusal by King with regard to business opportunities for the reselling of long distance and operator-assisted traffic generated by private pay phones; and (viii) the parties settled all outstanding liabilities and obligations under the Settlement Agreement. Contemporaneously with the execution of the Renewal Agreement, the Company purchased certain furniture and equipment from National for a purchase price of $160,000 and entered into a five-year lease with an entity affiliated with King that provides for a rental of $72,000 per year. 59 The Company believes that the terms of the Renewal Agreement and related transactions were no more favorable to National and King than those that the Company would have offered to other parties. (b) Certain Business Relationships. Reference is made to Item 11(f) hereof for a discussion of a consulting arrangement between the Company and Mr. Dettmers. (c) Indebtedness of Management. In January 1997, the Company loaned $150,000 to Kevin D. Griffo, President of the Company's TelCom Division. The loan is repayable, together with interest at the rate of 5.77% per annum, to the extent of one-half of any and all bonuses, and all amounts due upon termination of employment, that are payable to him, but, in any event, within five years from the date of the loan. As security for the repayment of the loan, Mr. Griffo has pledged to the Company all of his right, title and interest in and to the 25,000 restricted Common Shares previously granted to him (see Item 11(a) hereof) as well as any and all Common Shares that may be issued to him upon his exercise of options to purchase such shares. (d) Transactions with Promoters. Not applicable. PART IV Item 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K (a) 1. Financial Statements The following consolidated financial statements of the Company are included herein: Independent Auditor's Report F1 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 1996 and 1995 F2 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended F4 December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the years F5 - F6 ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 60 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended F7 - F9 December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F10 - F27 2. Financial Statement Schedules Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts 3. Exhibits Exhibit Number Description of Exhibit 2.1 Amended and Restated Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of October 4, 1995, among Crescent, CCI, AMNEX and Friedli AG (the "Crescent Asset Purchase Agreement")1 2.2 Letter agreement, dated as of October 4, 1995, among AMNEX, Crescent, CCI and Friedli AG pursuant to which, among other matters, the Crescent Asset Purchase Agreement was declared null and void1 2.3 Letter agreement, dated as of October 4, 1995, among AMNEX, Crescent, the stockholders of CCI and Friedli AG, among others1 2.4 Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 26, 1996, among AMNEX, Robert A. Rowland, Delajane Rowland, Donald D. Simmons, C. Michael Moehle, Barbara Ann Cromwell, Ellen E. Wood, Daniel N. Matheson, Capital Network System, Inc., Capital Network International, Inc., Capital Network Mexico, S.A. de C.V., and Point to Point Communications Company (the "CNSI Stock Purchase Agreement")2 2.5 First Amendment to the CNSI Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 28, 1996, by and among the parties thereto as well as Sirrom Capital Corporation and Spectrum Global Telecommunications Pty Limited2 -------- 1Denotes document filed as an exhibit to AMNEX's Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated October 4, 1995, as amended (File No. 0-17158), and incorporated herein by reference. 2Denotes document filed as an exhibit to AMNEX's Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated June 28, 1996, as amended (File No. 0-17158), and incorporated herein by reference. 61 2.6 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 31, 1996, by and among Teleplus, Inc. and AMNEX3 2.7 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 8, 1996, among AMNEX, Crescent, Coastal Telecom, BEK Tel, Garden State and King (the "Coastal Asset Purchase Agreement")4 2.8 Supplement and modification letter, dated as of November 20, 1996, to the Coastal Asset Purchase Agreement among the parties thereto4 2.9 Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996, by and among AMNEX, National Business Exchange, Inc., James E. Everingham and Daryl A. Frame 3.1 Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of AMNEX filed December 30, 1996 3.2 Restated Certificate of Incorporation of AMNEX, as amended 3.3 Amendment to By-Laws of AMNEX 3.4 By-Laws of AMNEX, as amended 4.1 Specimen of certificate evidencing Common Shares of AMNEX5 10.1 Agreements of Lease between AMNEX and Hudson Telegraph Associates6 10.2 Agreement of Sublease, dated as of December 7, 1993, between International Paper Company and AMNEX6 - -------- 3Denotes documents filed as a exhibit to AMNEX's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 1996 (File No. 0-17158) and incorporated herein by reference. 4Denotes documents filed as an exhibit to AMNEX's Current Report on Form 8-K for an event dated November 20, 1996 (File No. 0-17158) and incorporated herein by reference. 5Denotes document filed as an exhibit to AMNEX's Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 33-32693) and incorporated herein by reference. 6Denotes document filed as an exhibit to AMNEX's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1993 (File No. 0-17158) and incorporated herein by reference. 62 10.3 Lease, dated August 24, 1990, between Global Motor Inns, Inc., d/b/a Lucerne Plaza and ANEI7 10.4 Agreement of Lease, dated December 18, 1996, between We're Associates Company and Crescent 10.5 1992 Stock Option Plan, as amended 10.6 Amended and Restated 1996 Restricted Stock Grant Plan 10.7 Employment Agreement, dated as of June 25, 1996, between AMNEX and Peter M. Izzo, Jr.8 10.8 Employment Agreement, dated as of June 25, 1996, between AMNEX and Kenneth G. Baritz8 10.9 Employment Agreement, dated as of June 25, 1996, between AMNEX and Kevin D. Griffo 10.10 Employment Agreement, dated as of October 1, 1996, between AMNEX and John Kane 10.11 Provision in Stock Option Agreements between AMNEX and each of Peter M. Izzo, Jr., Kenneth G. Baritz, John Kane, Kevin D. Griffo, Richard L. Stoun and Michael V. Dettmers8 10.12 Security Agreement, dated as of October 4, 1995, by and among Lyon Credit Corporation ("Lyon"), ANEI and Crescent 10.13 Amendment to Security Agreement, dated as of December 28, 1995, by and among Lyon, ANEI and Crescent 10.14 Second Amendment to Security Agreement, dated as of November 15, 1996, by and among Lyon, ANEI and Crescent 10.15 Consolidated, Renewed, and Restated Promissory Note, dated as of November 15, 1996, from Crescent and ANEI to Lyon in the principal amount of $7,000,000 - -------- 7Denotes document filed as an exhibit to AMNEX's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-24141) and incorporated herein by reference. 8Denotes document filed as an exhibit to AMNEX's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 1996 (File No. 0-17158) and incorporated herein by reference. 63 10.16 Master Lease, dated as of October 10, 1995, between Southbridge Financial Corp ("Southbridge") and AHE 10.17 Convertible Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 19, 1996, between AMNEX and Southbrook3 10.18 Loan and Security Agreement, dated December 18, 1996, by and between Crescent and Southbridge 10.19 Stock Exchange Agreement, dated as of January 7, 1997, between AMNEX and Francesco Galesi 10.20 Warrant, dated January 7, 1997, issued to Francesco Galesi 10.21 Agreement, dated as of January 13, 1997, by and among AMNEX, Friedli AG, Friedli Corporate Finance Inc. and Peter Friedli 10.22 Renewal and Modification Agreement, dated as of February 28, 1997, between ANEI and National 10.23 Letter Agreement, dated as of March 1, 1997, among AMNEX, National and King with regard to the Renewal and Modification Agreement 11 Statement of Computation of Per Share Earnings 21 Subsidiaries 23 Consent of Ernst & Young LLP 27 Financial Data Schedule (b) Reports on Form 8-K One report on Form 8-K was filed by AMNEX during the three months ended December 31, 1996 as follows: Date of Report: November 20, 1996 Items Reported: 2 and 7 64 Report of Independent Auditors The Board of Directors and Shareholders AMNEX, INC. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of AMNEX, INC. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996. Our audit also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 14(a). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of AMNEX, INC. and Subsidiaries at December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1996 in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein. ERNST & YOUNG LLP New York, New York April 4, 1997 F-1 AMNEX, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets (In thousands, except share data) December 31 ------------------------------------ 1996 1995 ------------------------------------ Assets Current assets: Cash 4,947 $ 94 ------------------------------------ Trade receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,757 in 1996 and $2,954 in 1995 19,311 17,080 ------------------------------------ Parts inventory 739 289 ------------------------------------ Deferred income taxes 1,791 121 ------------------------------------ Note receivable -- 1,291 ------------------------------------ Customer advances 2,414 3,940 ------------------------------------ Deposits and other current assets 861 602 ------------------------------------ Total current assets 30,063 23,417 Property and equipment, net 23,851 11,595 ------------------------------------ Deposits and other 1,543 3,952 ------------------------------------ Intangible assets, net 5,947 1,361 ------------------------------------ Goodwill, net 29,955 9,255 ------------------------------------ Total assets $ 91,359 $ 49,580 ==================================== F-2
December 31 1996 1995 ------------------------------------- Liabilities and shareholders' equity Current liabilities: Short-term debt $ 11,498 $11,865 ------------------------------------- Accounts payable 3,651 4,266 ------------------------------------- Accrued expenses 7,733 1,488 ------------------------------------- Accrued network expenses 1,975 904 ------------------------------------- Accrued commissions 3,169 2,062 ------------------------------------- Accrued taxes payable 1,406 808 ------------------------------------- Due to related party 1,198 -- ------------------------------------- Current portion of capital lease obligations 2,179 756 ------------------------------------- Current portion of long-term debt 2,248 737 ------------------------------------- Total current liabilities 35,057 22,886 Capital lease obligations 2,668 2,170 ------------------------------------- Long-term debt 13,530 4,132 ------------------------------------- Minority interest 10 -- ------------------------------------- Compensation payable 894 _- ------------------------------------- Obligations under non-compete agreement 2,630 - ------------------------------------- Common stock subject to redemption 3,250 - Commitments and contingencies Shareholders' equity: Voting Preferred Stock, $.001 par; authorized 5,000,000 shares: Series B Preferred Stock, authorized 356,000 shares, issued and outstanding 72,450 shares in 1996 and 1995 (liquidation preference $362) 362 362 ------------------------------------- Series D Preferred Stock, authorized 1,413,337 shares, issued and outstanding 1,413,337 shares in 1996 and 1995 (liquidation preference $3,533) 3,533 3,533 ------------------------------------- Series E Preferred Stock, authorized 1,085,000 shares, issued and outstanding 1,035,000 shares in 1996 and 1,085,000 shares in 1995 (liquidation preference $2,911 in 1996 and $3,052 in 1995) 2,911 3,052 ------------------------------------- Series F Preferred Stock, authorized 415,250 shares, issued and outstanding 415,250 shares in 1996 and 1995 (liquidation preference $2,076) 2,076 2,076 ------------------------------------- Series G Preferred Stock, authorized 145,000 shares, issued and outstanding 78,750 shares in 1996 (liquidation preference $1,575) 1,179 -- ------------------------------------- Common stock, $.001 par; authorized 40,000,000, issued 26,897,892 in 1996 and 19,484,030 shares in 1995 27 19 ------------------------------------- Capital in excess of par value 56,093 39,963 ------------------------------------- Accumulated deficit (32,385) (28,137) ------------------------------------- 33,796 20,868 ------------------------------------- Less 18,250 common shares held in treasury, at cost (476) (476) ------------------------------------- Total shareholders' equity 33,320 20,392 ------------------------------------- Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 91,359 $49,580 =====================================
F-3 See accompanying notes. AMNEX, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Operations (In thousands, except share data) Year ended December 31 1996 1995 1994 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Revenues $ 117,142 $ 105,890 $ 108,737 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Costs and expenses: Cost of sales 93,863 86,766 90,831 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Selling, general and administrative 16,473 12,145 12,635 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Depreciation and amortization 6,054 3,175 2,252 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Impairment of long-lived assets 3,716 -- -- -------------------------------------------------------------------- Interest expense 2,730 2,044 1,793 -------------------------------------------------------------------- 122,836 104,130 107,511 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Income (loss) before income taxes and minority interest (5,694) 1,760 1,226 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Minority interest 1 -- -- -------------------------------------------------------------------- Income (loss) before income taxes (5,693) 1,760 1,226 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Provision (benefit) for income taxes (1,445) 329 685 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income (loss) $ (4,248) $ 1,431 $ 541 ==================================================================== Deemed dividend on Series G Preferred 400 -- -- Stock Preferred share dividends 616 543 291 -------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income (loss) available for common $ (5,264) $ 888 $ 250 shares ==================================================================== Net income (loss) per common share $ (0.23) $ 0.05 $ 0.02 ==================================================================== Weighted average number of shares outstanding used in computing net income (loss) per common share 23,274,219 19,416,497 13,522,815
See accompanying notes. F-4 AMNEX, INC. Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 (In thousands, except share data) Common Stock Preferred Preferred Preferred Preferred Preferred $.001 Par Value Stock Stock Stock Stock Stock ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Shares Amount Series B Series C Series D Series E Series F ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balance, December 31, 1993 10,186,523 $10.0 $1,666 Issuance of common shares 150,000 Issuance of preferred share 60,099 dividend Issuance of common shares 100,000 Exercise of stock options 28,833 Sale of preferred shares $3,000 Issuance of preferred share dividend Exchange of preferred shares (3,000) $3,000 Conversion of debentures 5,629,222 6.0 Conversion of preferred shares 2,000,000 2.0 (1,000) Conversion of debentures 533 Shares issuable to customer ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net income ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balance, December 31, 1994 18,154,677 18.0 666 3,533 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Issuance of common shares 125,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Issuance of common shares 100,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exercise of stock options 471,853 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Conversion of preferred shares 607,500 1.0 (304) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sale of preferred shares $3,052 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exercise of warrants 25,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Issuance of preferred share dividend ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Issuance of preferred shares for acquisition $2,076 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net income ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balance, December 31, 1995 19,484,030 19.0 362 3,533 3,052 2,076 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Issuance of common shares and warrants for acquisitions 6,993,926 7.5 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Issuance of common shares 75,000 0.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exercise of stock options 54,485 0.1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Conversion of preferred shares 50,000 0.1 (141) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Conversion of debt 44,643 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Issuance of preferred stock ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Conversion of preferred shares 195,808 0.2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net loss ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balance, December 31, 1996 26,897,892 $27.0 $362 $ - $3,533 $2,911$ $2,076 ================================================================================================
F-5 AMNEX, INC. Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (continued)
Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 (In thousands, except share data) Preferred Capital in Common Total Stock Excess of Stock Accumulated Treasury Shareholders Series G Par Value Issuable Deficit Stock Equity ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 1993 $ 34,723 $ 544 $ (29,990) $(476) $ 6,477 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issuance of common shares 507 507 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issuance of preferred share 225 (225) dividend Issuance of common shares 319 (319) Exercise of stock options 43 43 Sale of preferred shares (344) 2,656 Issuance of preferred share (75) (75) dividend Exchange of preferred shares Conversion of debentures 1,807 1,813 Conversion of preferred shares 998 Conversion of debentures 533 Shares issuable to customer 375 375 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income 541 541 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 1994 38,278 375 (29,524) (476) 12,870 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issuance of common shares 375 (375) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issuance of common shares 419 419 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Exercise of stock options 978 978 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Conversion of preferred shares 303 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sale of preferred shares (428) 2,624 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Exercise of warrants 38 38 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issuance of preferred share (44) (44) dividend ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issuance of preferred shares for acquisition 2,076 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income 1,431 1,431 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 1995 39,963 (28,137) (476) 20,392 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issuance of common shares and warrants for acquisitions 14,650 14,658 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issuance of common shares 225 225 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Exercise of stock options 137 137 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Conversion of preferred shares 141 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Conversion of debt 156 156 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Issuance of preferred stock $1,604 396 2,000 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Conversion of preferred shares (425) 425 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net loss (4,248) (4,248) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 1996 $1,179 $56,093 $ - $(32,385) $(476) $33,320 ===============================================================================================
See accompanying notes. F-6 AMNEX, INC. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 (In thousands, except share data) 1996 1995 1994 ---------------------------------------------------------- Cash flows from operating activities Net income (loss) $ (4,248) $ 1,431 $ 541 Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 6,054 3,175 2,252 Compensation expense 50 -- -- Provision for losses on receivables (1,539) (259) 1,656 Deferred income taxes (1,670) 179 (97) Gain on sale of assets (1,675) - - Impairment of long-lived assets 3,716 -- -- Changes in assets and liabilities: Trade receivables 8,726 4,019 (9,270) Parts inventory (109) 9 -- Note receivable 1,291 (1,291) -- Customer advances, deposits and other current assets 1,587 (3,048) (595) Deposits and other assets 379 (737) (100) Accounts payable and accrued expenses (6,570) (1,817) 3,162 ---------------------------------------------------------- Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities 5,992 1,661 (2,451) ---------------------------------------------------------- Cash flows from investing activities Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired (4,365) (1,996) -- ---------------------------------------------------------- Purchase of contracts (759) (923) -- ---------------------------------------------------------- Proceeds on sale of assets 2,542 -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------- Expenditures for property and equipment (2,770) (1,743) (3,644) ---------------------------------------------------------- Net cash used in investing activities (5,352) (4,662) (3,644) ---------------------------------------------------------- Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from sale of Preferred Shares 2,000 2,624 2,656 ---------------------------------------------------------- Payments on related party debt (146) -- -- ---------------------------------------------------------- Proceeds from the exercise of warrants -- 38 -- ---------------------------------------------------------- Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes and debentures -- 325 -- ---------------------------------------------------------- Proceeds from the sale of common stock 362 978 43 ---------------------------------------------------------- Borrowings (repayments) under revolving credit, net (5,543) (3,655) 5,234 ---------------------------------------------------------- Payments on long-term debt (3,018) (217) (524) -------------------------------------------------------- Proceeds from long-term debt 12,000 2,757 -- ---------------------------------------------------------- Principal payments under capital lease obligations (1,442) (304) (693) ---------------------------------------------------------- Dividends paid -- (44) (75) ---------------------------------------------------------- Net cash provided by financing activities 4,213 2,502 6,641 ---------------------------------------------------------- Net increase (decrease) in cash 4,853 (499) 546 ---------------------------------------------------------- Cash at beginning of year 94 593 47 ---------------------------------------------------------- Cash at end of year $4,947 $ 94 $ 593 ========================================================== See accompanying notes.
F-7 AMNEX, INC. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued) Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: (In thousands, except share data) Year ended December 31, 1996 1. The holder of an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company's Series E Preferred Stock elected to convert such shares into 50,000 shares of the Company's Common Stock. 2. The Company issued 6,993,926 Common Shares and warrants to purchase 400,000 Common Shares upon acquisitions. 3. The Company issued 44,643 Common Shares pursuant to the conversion of $150 of debt plus accrued interest thereon. 4. The Company issued 195,808 Common Shares pursuant to the conversion of 21,250 Series G Preferred Shares. 5. Interest of approximately $2,646 was paid. 6. Income taxes of approximately $465 were paid. 7. Capital lease obligations incurred to acquire property and equipment were approximately $1,978. Year ended December 31, 1995 1. The Company issued 607,500 Common Shares pursuant to the conversion of 60,750 Series B Preferred Shares. 2. The Company issued 415,250 Series F Preferred Shares as partial consideration for the acquisition of CCI. 3. Convertible Promissory Notes for $1,550 were issued as partial consideration for the acquisition of CCI. 4. The Company issued 225,000 Common Shares under equity participation agreements of which 125,000 Common Shares were issuable at December 31, 1994. 5. Interest of $2,076 was paid. 6. Income taxes of approximately $302 were paid. 7. Capital lease obligations incurred to acquire property and equipment were $2,334. F-8 AMNEX, INC. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued) Year ended December 31, 1994 (In thousands, except share data) 1. $700 of principal of the Company's debentures was converted into 280,000 Common Shares. 2. The Company issued 2,000,000 Common Shares pursuant to the conversion of 200,000 Series B Preferred Shares. 3. $900 of principal and $166 of interest of notes payable were converted into 5,330,555 Common Shares. 4. $700 of principal and $47 of interest of notes payable were converted into 298,667 Common Shares. 5. $500 of principal and $33 of interest of notes payable were converted into 213,314 Series D Preferred Shares. 6. 125,000 Common Shares were issuable under equity participation agreements. 7. Interest of approximately $1,836 was paid. 8. Income taxes of approximately $0 were paid. 9. Capital lease obligations incurred to acquire property and equipment were $732. See accompanying notes. F-9 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 (In Thousands, except share data) 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Organization and Business AMNEX, INC., through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, American Network Exchange, Inc. (ANEI), American Hotel Exchange, Inc. (AHE), Crescent Public Communications Inc. (Crescent) including the operations of Coastal, Capital Network Systems, Inc. (CNSI), and Hospital TeleServices, Inc., and its majority-owned subsidiary, National Billing Exchange, Inc. (NBE), (collectively, the Company), provides a variety of telecommunications services including operator-assisted (0+), long distance (1+) and local pay phone services, primarily in the northeastern part of the U.S. and in Mexico. ANEI and CNSI are subject to regulation by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the various State Public Utility Commissions (PUCS) for a majority of the services it provides. Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and its majority-owned subsidiary. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Revenue Recognition The Company records revenues as calls are placed. It submits billing information related to operator assisted calls to its billing and collection agents which in turn submit the records to the telephone companies with which they have billing arrangements. Parts Inventory Inventory, which consists primarily of pay phone equipment replacement parts, is stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided for using the straight-line method. Leased equipment and leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the lease or the service lives of the equipment and improvements. Estimated useful lives are as follows: equipment, furniture and fixtures--5 years, installed telephone and related equipment--10 years, leasehold improvements--5 years, and leased equipment--5 or 7 years. F-10 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) Intangibles and Goodwill In connection with the acquisitions of pay telephone businesses and through various other agreements entered into, certain contracts to provide telecommunications services to pay phones, covenants not to compete and dealer agreements were obtained. The contracts and the covenants are amortized over their estimated remaining lives. Accumulated amortization at December 31, 1996 and 1995 was approximately $907 and $117, respectively. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired and is being amortized on a straight line basis over 15 years. Amortization expense for 1996, 1995 and 1994 was approximately $1,500, $758 and $720, respectively. Accumulated amortization at December 31, 1996 and 1995 was approximately $5,700 and $4,200, respectively. Impairment Loss on Long-Lived Assets In accordance with FASB Statement No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long- Lived Assets and Assets to be Disposed of", the Company records impairment losses on long-lived assets used in operations when events and circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than the carrying amount of those assets. In connection with the enactment of the Telecommunications Act of 1996 and other regulatory actions, the Company evaluated the ongoing value of certain existing contracts and agreements to provide telecommunications services, and other investments. Based on this evaluation, the Company determined that certain assets, substantially related to rights acquired to provide long distance services to certain pay phones, with a carrying amount if $3,176 were impaired and, accordingly, were written off in the fourth quarter of 1996. Fair value was based on estimated future cash flows to be generated, discounted at a market rate of interest. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company's management believes the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and short-term and long-term debt approximate their fair values. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk are primarily cash and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash in accounts with several major financial institutions. Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable are generally diversified due to a large number of customers comprising the Company's F-11 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued) customer base. Accordingly, the Company believes that their accounts receivable credit risk exposure is limited and appropriately provided for. Stock Options The Company accounts for its stock compensation arrangements under the provisions of APB 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees". However, as more fully described in Note 10, pro forma information as required under FASB Statement No. 123, "Accounting for Stock Based Compensation", has been determined as if the Company had accounted for its employee stock options under the fair value method of that Statement. Net Income (Loss) per Common Share Net income (loss) per Common Share is computed on the basis of the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding, including Common Share equivalents. In connection with the Company's sale of Series G Preferred Shares, in 1996, the Company has recorded a deemed preferred dividend as a reduction in earnings available to common shareholders (see Note 9). The effect of the conversion of Preferred Shares and conversion of notes on the calculation of net income (loss) per share is anti-dilutive and therefore excluded from the computation of net income (loss) per share. Statements of Cash Flows For purposes of the Statements of Cash Flows, the Company considers all short-term investments with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Prior Year Amounts Certain prior year amounts were reclassified to conform with the current year presentation. F-12 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 2. Acquisitions Effective October 4, 1995, Crescent purchased 100% of the issued and outstanding common stock of CCI, a company which owned, operated and maintained pay phones, for total consideration of $5,884, as follows: (i) a 10% promissory note in the amount of $1,550 (the "Note") with interest payable semi-annually, commencing December 31, 1995, and the balance due on October 4, 1999 (subject to acceleration in the event of a change in control of the Company, as defined in the Note); (ii) 415,250 Series F Preferred Shares of the Company; and (iii) $2,258 in cash. The purchase price exceeded the fair value of the assets acquired by approximately $2,295, which was recorded as goodwill. Effective June 30, 1996, the Company acquired 100% of the common stock of CNSI, a telecommunications company engaged in the business of providing 0+ calling services primarily in Mexico. The purchase price aggregated $18,034, including cash of $1,094, 4,099,086 shares of unregistered common stock valued at $10,401, and warrants valued at $380, and liabilities assumed of $6,159. The purchase price exceeded the book value of net assets acquired by $20,439, which has been recorded as goodwill. Effective September 30, 1996, the Company acquired 80% of the common stock of NBE, a provider of billing and collection services to telecommunications companies, for 550,725 shares of unregistered Common Stock having a value of $1,330. The purchase price exceeded net assets acquired by $1,641, which has been recorded as goodwill. Effective November 20, 1996, pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement with, among others, Coastal Telecom Payphone Company, Inc. (collectively "Coastal"), the Company acquired, among other assets, approximately 4,300 pay telephones located primarily in New Jersey. The Asset Purchase Agreement provides for an aggregate consideration of $10,410, including cash of $3,010 and 2,098,373 shares of unregistered common stock valued at $5,200, and liabilities assumed of $2,200. The total purchase price was allocated to net assets acquired. The Company also granted certain piggyback registration rights for the shares issued as well as certain rights to require that the Company repurchase up to $3,250 in market value of the shares in the event the Company does not file a registration statement within a certain period of time. Such amount has been recorded as common stock subject to redemption. The aforementioned acquisitions have been included in the Statement of Operations from their respective dates of acquisition. The acquisitions were accounted for under the purchase method. The pro forma unaudited results of operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 assuming the consummation of the aforementioned 1996 acquisitions as of the beginning of 1996 and 1995 and the 1995 acquisition as of the beginning of 1994 are as follows: F-13 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 2. Acquisitions (continued) 1996 1995 1994 -------------------------------- Revenues $151,245 $148,592 $113,373 Net income (loss) (5,433) (561) 657 Net income (loss) per common share $(0.23) $(0.03) $0.03 During 1996, the Company acquired other unrelated pay telephones in a series of acquisitions and issued 245,742 of its unregistered Common Stock valued at $597. The effect of these acquisitions was not deemed material to the unaudited proforma results of operations presented above. In addition to the acquisitions above, on August 31, 1996, Teleplus assigned to the Company its Dealer Agreement with CNSI in exchange for cash and unregistered, issuable common stock aggregating $4,130, including cash of $1,500 and 1,052,336 shares valued at $2,630. The unregistered common stock is issuable to Teleplus as follows: 526,168 issuable on January 30, 1997 and 526,168 issuable on January 30, 1998. The total purchase price has been included in intangibles and recorded as an obligation under non-compete agreement, representing the sellers obligation to the Company prior to issuance of the common shares. 3. Note Receivable and Customer Advances The Company has advances due from customers for amounts advanced to customers for usage of the Company's services prior to delivery of service. The advances are recouped as deductions from commissions otherwise payable to customers over the life of the applicable customer agreement. Included in "Deposits and other assets" at December 31, 1995 are the long-term portion of advances to customers of approximately $492. 4. Property and Equipment, Net Property and equipment, at cost, consists of the following at December 31: 1996 1995 ---------------------------------- Equipment, furniture and fixtures $10,341 $ 9,684 ---------------------------------- Installed telephone and related equipment 18,704 3,414 ---------------------------------- Leasehold improvements 933 750 ---------------------------------- Leased equipment 6,354 7,049 ---------------------------------- 36,332 20,897 ---------------------------------- Accumulated depreciation and amortization 12,481 9,302 ---------------------------------- Property and equipment, net $23,851 $ 11,595 ================================== F-14 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 5. Short-Term Debt Short-term debt consists of the following at December 31: ================================== 1996 1995 ---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- Asset based lending agreements (a) $10,898 $11,365 ---------------------------------- 10% Notes payable (b) 500 500 ---------------------------------- 11% Note payable (c) 100 -- ---------------------------------- $11,498 $11,865 ================================== (a) The Company has credit facilities in the form of asset based lending agreements with its billing and collection agents, which provide for advances up to $27,600 (with recourse) based upon eligible operator service and direct dial receivables. Interest is at prime (8.25% and 8.5% at December 31, 1996 and 1995, respectively) plus 2%. The agreements expire in February 2000. (b) During 1992 and 1993, the Company borrowed $1,500 from certain overseas investors. The notes payable are due on demand, bear interest at 10% per annum and are convertible including accrued interest, at $.20 per share. The Company may repay the loans, subject to the payment of a 10% premium of the principal amount repaid and subject to the right of the holders to exercise their conversion right. In May 1993, an aggregate of $100 of the loan was converted into 500,000 shares of Common Stock. In September 1994, $900 principal amount and $166 of accrued interest thereon was converted into 5,330,555 Common Shares. These notes are collateralized by all of the outstanding shares of ANEI. (c) In connection with the acquisition of CNSI, the Company assumed a note. Interest at 11% is payable monthly. The outstanding principal balance, together with any unpaid or accrued interest is due January 1997. Substantially all of the Company's assets serve as collateral under the terms of the short and long-term debt agreements and capital lease obligations. F-15 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 6. Long-Term Debt
Long-term debt consists of the following at December 31: ======================================= 1996 1995 --------------------------------------- 10.52% Secured Promissory Note, with interest and principal payments of $151 payable in 60 monthly installments commencing January 1, 1997 (b) $ 6,910 $ -- --------------------------------------- 11.91% Secured Promissory Note, with interest and principal payments of $111 in 60 monthly installments commencing February 1, 1997 5,000 -- --------------------------------------- 10% Convertible Promissory Notes, due October 1999 with interest payable semi-annually on June 30 and December 31, convertible at $3.50 per common share 1,400 1,550 (a) --------------------------------------- 12.5% Secured Promissory Note, with interest only payable monthly; principal due November 30, 1998 1,000 -- --------------------------------------- 12.5% Secured Promissory Note, with interest only payable monthly; principal due January 31, 1999 1,000 -- --------------------------------------- 8% Convertible Promissory Note, due May 1997 with interest payable semi-annuallyon June 30 and December 31, convertible at $2.8125 per Common Share 325 325 --------------------------------------- Auto loans with interest rate ranging from 7.47% to 10.25%; maturing March 1997 through October 1997 72 -- --------------------------------------- 13% Note Payable, with interest and principal payments of $2 payable in 50 monthly installments commencing March 1, 1996 71 -- --------------------------------------- 9.97% Senior Secured Note Payable, with interest and principal payments of $63 payable in 48 monthly installments commencing November 1995 (b) -- 2,371 --------------------------------------- 9.97% Senior Secured Note Payable, with interest and principal payments of $13 payable in 48 monthly installments commencing February 1996 (b) -- 500 --------------------------------------- 12% Note Payable to stockholder; consists of an unsecured note with interest and principal of $21 due -- 123 quarterly --------------------------------------- 15,778 4,869 --------------------------------------- Less current maturities 2,248 737 --------------------------------------- $ 13,530 $ 4,132 =======================================
F-16 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 6. Long-Term Debt (continued) (a) During 1996, $150 of the Promissory Note, plus accrued interest thereon, was converted to 44,643 Common Shares at $3.50 per share. (b) During 1996, contemporaneously with the Coastal acquisition, certain notes payable were refinanced with the 10.52% secured promissory note. The aggregate principal maturities of long-term debt at December 31, 1996 are as follows: ======================= Principal Amount Due ----------------------- Year: 1997 $ 2,248 ----------------------- 1998 3,135 ----------------------- 1999 4,784 ----------------------- 2000 2,646 ----------------------- 2001 (and thereafter) 2,965 ----------------------- $ 15,778 ======================= 7. Obligations Under Capital Leases The Company has entered into various capital leases for the acquisition of telecommunication and office equipment at interest rates varying from 12% to 13% with terms ranging from three to five years. The leases are collateralized by the respective equipment with a cost of $5,467 and accumulated depreciation of $2,567 at December 31, 1996. Depreciation of assets under capitalized leases is included in depreciation expense. The following is a schedule of future minimum lease payments under capital leases together with the present value of the net minimum lease payments as of December 31, 1996: Year Amount ----------- 1997 $2,569 ----------- 1998 1,736 ----------- 1999 1,090 ----------- 2000 93 ----------- Total future minimum lease payments 5,488 ----------- Less amounts representing interest 641 ----------- Present value of net future minimum payments 4,847 ----------- Less current portion 2,179 ----------- Noncurrent portion $2,668 =========== F-17 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 8. Income Taxes At December 31, 1996, the Company has available net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $11,987 that expire through the year 2008. Approximately $10,500 of the net operating loss carryforwards may be subject to limitations under the change in ownership and consolidated return provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. The Company has not recorded any future benefit related to the utilization of this net operating loss carryforward. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company's deferred tax liabilities and assets as of December 31 are as follows: 1996 1995 ----------------------------------- Deferred tax liabilities: ----------------------------------- Tax over book depreciation $ (1,124) $ (687) ----------------------------------- Deferred tax assets: ----------------------------------- Net operating loss carryforwards 4,555 4,660 ----------------------------------- Tax over book basis in impaired assets 2,248 -- ----------------------------------- Amortization of intangibles 148 106 ----------------------------------- AMT credit carryforward 137 - ----------------------------------- Valuation allowance (4,173) (3,958) ----------------------------------- Net deferred tax assets $ 1,791 $ 121 =================================== The provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 consist of the following: 1996 1995 1994 ------------------------------------------------------ Current: ------------------------------------------------------ Federal $ 45 $ 50 $ 582 ------------------------------------------------------ State 180 100 200 ------------------------------------------------------ 225 150 782 ------------------------------------------------------ Deferred: ------------------------------------------------------ Federal (1,406) 160 (97) ------------------------------------------------------ State (264) 19 -- ------------------------------------------------------ (1,670) 179 (97) ------------------------------------------------------ $ (1,445) $ 329 $ 685 ====================================================== F-18 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 8. Income Taxes (continued) The reconciliation of income taxes computed at U.S. federal statutory rates to income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 are as follows: 1996 1995 1994 --------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- Provision at federal statutory rate of 34% $ (1,935) $ 598 $ 417 --------------------------------------- Non deductible goodwill amortization 475 278 245 --------------------------------------- State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit (55) 79 132 --------------------------------------- Other 3 47 (109) --------------------------------------- Net change in valuation allowance 67 - - --------------------------------------- Utilization of net operating loss - (673) -- --------------------------------------- $ (1,445) $ 329 $685 ======================================= 9. Shareholders' Equity Common Stock During 1993 and 1994, the Company entered into equity participation agreements with certain customers under which Common Shares and/or warrants for the purchase of Common Shares are issued for achieving and maintaining certain revenue levels. In 1994, 250,000 Common Shares were issued (valued at $3.19 to $3.38 per share). In 1995, Common Shares of 125,000 and 100,000 were issued (valued at $3.00 and $4.1875 per share, respectively). The value ascribed to the Common Shares issued under the equity participation agreements were recorded as deferred assets and amortized over the remaining life of the particular customers' agreement. For the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994, the Company charged approximately $442, $249 and $165, respectively, to operations representing a pro rata portion of the estimated cost of the shares issued. In addition, included in the 1996 impairment of long-lived assets expense is $679 related to these equity participation agreements that the Company no longer considers realizable. In 1996, 75,000 Common Shares were issued, at the then current market price of $3.00 per share, to certain employees of the Company, including the Chairman. In May 1996 the Company committed to issue 245,000 Common Shares to certain officers, directors and a consultant to the Company. The shares are to be held by the Company and released annually on a pro rata basis over ten years. The recipients forfeit future releases if they are terminated with cause, as defined, among other matters. Any shares still held by the F-19 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 9. Shareholders' Equity (continued) Company are released upon a change of control, as defined. The value ascribed to the 245,000 Common Shares was $894,000, the market value at the date of commitment, which has been recorded as unearned compensation, and is being amortized on a straight-line basis over ten years. At December 31, 1996, approximately 15,000,000 of the Company's Common Shares were reserved for issuance under stock option plans, warrant agreements, Common Stock issuable (see below), for conversions of preferred stock and convertible debt and in connection with acquisitions. At December 31, 1996, the Company had 1,052,336 shares of Common Stock issuable (526,168 shares in 1997 and 526,168 shares in 1998). Preferred Shares The holders of the Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to ten votes for each Series B Preferred Share held. The shares are redeemable at the Company's option at $6.50 per share plus cumulative dividends in arrears (subject to the prior exercise of the conversion right by the holder). Series B Preferred Shares are convertible into Common Shares at a conversion rate of 10:1. The holders of the Series B Preferred Shares are entitled to receive cumulative dividends at the rate of $.40 per share per annum. The Company has the option of paying such dividend in cash or in Common Shares having a value equal to the closing selling price of the Common Shares on the day immediately preceding the date on which such dividend is declared. In January 1994, 60,099 Common Shares of the Company were distributed to the holders of the 333,200 Series B Preferred Shares. In June 1994, the Company paid a cash dividend of $75 to the holders of Series B Preferred Shares for the period December 1, 1993 through June 30, 1994. In July 1994, 200,000 of Series B Preferred Shares converted into 2,000,000 Common Shares. In May and November 1995, an aggregate of 60,750 of the Company's Series B Preferred Shares were converted into 607,500 shares of the Company's Common Stock. In June 1995, the Company paid a cash dividend of $44 to the holders of record of the Series B Preferred Shares for the period July 1, 1994 through April 30, 1995. In April and May 1994, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $2,656 through the sale of an aggregate of 1,090,910 Series C Preferred Shares at a purchase price of $2.75 per share. The Series C Preferred Shares were convertible into Common Shares in the absolute and sole discretion of the holders at a conversion price of $2.75 per share. F-20 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 9. Shareholders' Equity (continued) In August 1994, the holders of the Series C Preferred Shares of the Company exchanged such shares, on a 1.1-for-1 basis, for an aggregate of 1,200,003 Series D Preferred Shares of the Company. Neither the Company nor the holders of the Series D Preferred Shares have any right of redemption with regard thereto. The holders of the Series D Preferred Shares are entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors of the Company, cumulative dividends at the rate of 10% per annum payable in cash or Common Shares of the Company. The Series D Preferred Shares have a fixed liquidation preference of $2.50 per share and are convertible into Common Shares on a one-for-one basis at $2.50 per share. The holders of the Series D Preferred Shares are entitled to six votes for each Series D Preferred Share held. Contemporaneously with such exchange, the Company issued an additional 213,334 Series D Preferred Shares upon conversion of $500 principal amount of Notes and $33 of interest thereon at a conversion price of $2.50 per share. In April and May 1995, the Company received gross proceeds of approximately $3,052 through the sale of an aggregate of 1,085,000 Series E Preferred Shares at a purchase price of $2.8125 per share. The Series E Preferred Shares have the following rights and preferences, among others: (i) 8% dividend payable in cash or in Common Shares of the Company; (ii) voting rights of one vote per share and (iii) the right to convert each share into one Common Share of the Company at a conversion price of $2.8125 per share, subject to certain antidilution adjustments. In January 1996, the holder of an aggregate of 50,000 shares of the Company's Series E Preferred Stock elected to convert such shares into 50,000 of the Company's Common Shares. In October 1995, the Company issued 415,250 Series F Preferred Shares (valued at $5.00 per share) as partial consideration for the acquisition of CCI. The Series F Preferred Shares have the following rights and preferences, among others: (i) dividends on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Common Shares; (ii) voting rights of one vote per share; (iii) the right to convert each share into one Common Share of the Company at a conversion price of $5.00 per share, subject to certain antidilution adjustments; (iv) an adjustment of the conversion price on October 10, 1997 to the average market price of Common Shares, as defined, during the ten trading days prior to such time (but to not less than $3.50 per share) if such average market price is then below $5.00 per share; and (v) a liquidation preference of $5.00 per share. At any time, the Company has the right to redeem the outstanding Series F Preferred Shares on thirty days notice at a redemption price of $5.00 per share (subject to the conversion rights of the holders of the Series F Preferred Shares). F-21 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 9. Shareholders' Equity (continued) In September 1996, the Company received net proceeds of $2,000 through the sale of an aggregate of 100,000 Series G Preferred Shares at $20 per share. In connection with the issuance of the Series G Preferred Shares, the Company incurred costs in the form of warrants valued at $396 to purchase 275,000 Common Shares of the Company. The Series G Preferred Shares have the following rights and preferences, among others; (i) 5% cumulative dividend payable in cash or, at the option of the Board of Directors of the Company, in Common Shares or additional Series G Preferred Shares of the Company, only upon conversion of the Series G Preferred Shares; (ii) voting rights, with the number of votes equaling approximately 5.7:1 relative to Common Shares for each Series G Preferred Share held; (iii) the right to convert each share into Common Shares of the Company at a conversion price generally equal to the lesser of (a) $3.5125 or (b) 80% of the average per share market value for the five trading days immediately preceding the conversion; and (iv) a liquidation preference of $20 per share plus an amount equal to accrued but unpaid dividends per share. The guaranteed discount at the date of issuance on conversion of $400 was deemed to be a dividend for purposes of calculating net loss available to common stockholders. The dividend is being recognized on a pro rata basis over the period beginning with the issuance of the shares to the first date that conversion can occur. Conversion was permissible effective December 13, 1996. This one time, non-cash charge only impacts the calculation of earnings per share related to the Common Shares. In December 1996, the holder of an aggregate of 21,250 of the Company's Series G Preferred Shares elected to convert such shares into 195,808 of the Company's Common Shares. Cumulative dividends in arrears at December 31, 1996 and 1995 were approximately $1,340 and $726, respectively. Stock Options The Company's 1987 Stock Option Plan (the 1987 Plan) provides for the granting of options to employees (including officers and directors) and non-employee Directors of, and certain consultants and advisors to, the Company. Such options are intended to be either incentive stock options or nonstatutory stock options. Incentive stock options may be granted to employees of the Company. Nonstatutory stock options may be granted to employees or non-employee Directors of, and certain consultants and advisors to, the Company. The total number of Common Shares reserved for issuance under the 1987 Plan is 93,750. F-22 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 9. Shareholders' Equity (continued) In 1992, the Company adopted and the shareholders approved the 1992 Stock Option Plan (the "1992 Plan" and collectively with the 1987 Plan, the "Plans"). In 1995, the shareholders approved an increase in the number of shares authorized to be issued under the 1992 Plan from 1,500,000 to 2,250,000 Common Shares. Subject to shareholder approval, in 1996 the number of shares authorized to be issued under the 1992 Plan was increased to 4,250,000 Common Shares. The 1992 Plan provides for the granting of options to employees (including officers and directors) and non-employee Directors of, and certain consultants and advisors to, the Company. Such options are intended to be either incentive stock options or nonstatutory stock options. Incentive stock options may be granted to employees of the Company. Nonstatutory stock options may be granted to employees or non-employee Directors of, and certain consultants and advisors to, the Company. As of December 31, 1996, the total number of Common Shares reserved for issuance under the 1992 Plan is 3,697,130. Approximately 1,695,000 of these shares are subject to shareholder approval. The exercise price of all incentive stock options granted under the Plans, and all nonstatutory stock options granted under the Plans to officers, directors and 10% shareholders of the Company (Insiders), must be at least equal to the fair market value of such shares on the date of the grant or in the case of incentive stock options granted to the holder of 10% or more of the Company's Common Shares, at least 110% of the fair market value of such shares on the date of the grant. The maximum exercise period for which incentive stock options may be granted, and nonstatutory options may be granted to Insiders, is ten years (five years in the case of incentive stock options granted to a 10% shareholder). The option price and exercise period for nonstatutory stock options to persons other than Insiders shall be determined by the Board or Stock Option Committee in its sole discretion. The following table represents the changes in outstanding stock options under the Plans (of which approximately 618,000, 260,000 and 743,000 were exercisable at December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively). 1996 1995 1994 -------------------------------------------------------------- Outstanding at beginning of year ($1.50 to $4.25 per share) 1,109,371 1,224,044 845,187 -------------------------------------------------------------- Granted ($2.25 to $4.25 per share) 2,370,000 480,000 417,900 -------------------------------------------------------------- Exercised ($1.50 to $3.00 per share) (54,485) (471,853) (28,833) -------------------------------------------------------------- Cancelled ($1.50 to $4.25 per share) (156,498) (122,820) (10,210) -------------------------------------------------------------- Outstanding at end of year ($1.50 to $4.25 per share) 3,268,388 1,109,371 1,224,044 ==============================================================
F-23 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 9. Shareholders' Equity (continued) Stock Based Compensation Pro forma information regarding net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share is required by SFAS 123, and has been determined as if the Company had accounted for its employee stock options under the fair value method of SFAS 123. The fair value for these options was estimated at the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for 1995 and 1996: Assumption 1996 1995 - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Risk-free rate 6% 6% - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dividend yield 0% 0% - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Volatility factor of the expected market price of the Company's common stock .50 .50 Average life 3 3 The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options which have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. Because the Company's employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its employee stock options. For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated fair value of the options is amortized to expense over the vesting period of the options. The Company's pro forma information is as follows: 1996 1995 --------------------------- Pro forma net income (loss) $(4,446) $1,426 Pro forma net income (loss) per share (0.24) 0.05 The weighted average fair value of options granted during the year ended December 31, 1996 and 1995 were $1.27 and $1.67, respectively. The weighted-average exercise price of options exercisable as of December 31, 1996 was $2.75 per share. The weighted-average remaining contractual life of those options is 3.8 years. F-24 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 9. Shareholders' Equity (continued) Warrants In 1993, the Company entered into an agreement with National Telecom USA, Inc. (NTI) which provided for, based upon the achievement of certain revenue levels, the issuance of a maximum of 450,000 Common Shares and warrants to purchase up to 725,000 Common Shares at the market price at the date of issuance. During 1995, 1994 and 1993, the Company issued warrants to NTI for the purchase of 175,000, 250,000 and 300,000 Common Shares, respectively. In November 1995, the Company entered into an agreement with NTI, whereby NTI agreed to place in escrow the aforementioned warrants and granted the Company the right to cause the sale of such warrants whereby the first $800 of the proceeds are applied to reduce advances due. As further disclosed in Note 15, the Company in February 1997 entered into a substantially new contract with NTI, whereby the warrants were tendered to the Company in settlement of $800 of advances outstanding from NTI. In June 1996, in connection with the CNSI acquisition (see Note 2), the Company issued warrants to purchase 400,000 Common Shares at $4.51 per share. The warrants are exercisable through June 1998. In August 1996, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 50,000 Common Shares at $3.06 per share in exchange for consulting services. The warrant is exercisable through August 1999. In September 1996, in connection with the sale of the Series G Preferred Shares, the Company issued warrants to purchase 225,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $5.29 and 50,000 Common Shares at an exercise price of $3.53. The warrants are exercisable through September 2001. The following table represents the changes in outstanding warrants all of which are exercisable: 1996 1995 1994 -------------------------------------------------------------- Outstanding at beginning of period ($0.50 to $120.00 per warrant) 1,922,569 1,737,569 743,319 -------------------------------------------------------------- Issued ($0.50 to $5.29 per warrant) 725,000 210,000 1,000,000 -------------------------------------------------------------- Exercised ($1.50 per warrant) -- (25,000) -- -------------------------------------------------------------- Expired/Canceled ($20.00 to $120.00 per warrant) (7,569) -- (5,750) -------------------------------------------------------------- Outstanding at end of period ($0.50 to $120.00 per warrant) 2,640,000 1,922,569 1,737,569 ==============================================================
F-25 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 10. Related Party Transactions During 1994, the Company entered into a management agreement with CCI pursuant to which ANEI provided certain management and administrative services on behalf of CCI, for a fee equal to ANEI's cost. CCI agreed to use the services of ANEI and was paid commissions of approximately $63 per month, beginning in June 1994 through the date the Company acquired CCI. The Company believes that the commission amounts paid to CCI were no more favorable to it than those payable to other customers. The Company had been advised that the shareholders of CCI may be shareholders of the Company. As part of the CNSI acquisition, the Company assumed note agreements with a former majority shareholder of CNSI who became a principal shareholder of the Company, in the amounts of $1,049 and $149. The interest on the notes are paid monthly at a rate of 10.5%. The notes mature on July 15, 1997 with a balloon payment. 11. Major Customers Two customers, controlled by the same group, accounted for 21%, 41% and 38% of the Company's revenues for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994, respectively. 12. Leases The Company maintains office, operations, and computer facilities under various operating leases. The minimum annual lease payments are as follows: 1997 $ 977 1998 964 1999 926 2000 926 2001 921 Thereafter 893 -------------------- $5,607 ==================== The leases also provide for payment of real estate taxes and operating expenses. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 was approximately $1,673, $1,251 and $1,165, respectively. F-26 AMNEX, INC. Notes To Consolidated Financial Statements (continued) 13. Retirement Plan The Company has a retirement plan 401(k) covering all eligible employees. The annual provisions for the years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 were approximately $62, $68 and $47, respectively. 14. Commitments and Contingencies The Company is a party to litigation in the normal course of business which management does not believe will have a material impact on the financial statements of the Company. 15. Subsequent Events On January 7, 1997, the Company entered into a Stock Exchange Agreement with Francesco Galesi, which involves the transfer to the Company of shares of Common Stock of Galesi Telecom International, Inc. ("GTI") representing ten percent of the issued and outstanding capital stock of GTI, in exchange for shares of Series L Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase Common Shares of the Company. On February 25, 1997, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Community Network Services, Microtel Communications Corporation and other entities affiliated with them (collectively "Manghir Group"), whereby certain telecommunications contracts and licenses of Manghir Group were contributed to the joint venture and the Company has committed financial, operational and managerial assistance. On February 28, 1997, the Company entered into a Renewal and Modification Agreement with NTI with regard to redefinition of the customer relationship between the parties. Under the terms of the Renewal and Modification Agreement, the Company accepts and assumes, among others, the right and obligation to become the exclusive provider of various services. The Company committed to pay NTI consideration totaling $3,050. On March 1, 1997, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with Sun Tel, Inc. with regard to the acquisition of, among other assets, approximately 600 pay telephones located in Florida. The Asset Purchase Agreement provides for an aggregate purchase price for the assets acquired of $1,680 and the grant to the seller of a 20% interest in Sun Tel North America, Inc., the purchaser of the acquired assets. F-27 AMNEX, INC.Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Years ended December 31, 1996, 1995 and 1994 (In thousands) Column A Column B Column C Column D Column E Additions --------------------------------- - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) Balance at (1) Charged to Balance at beginning Charged to other Deductions end of Description of period costs and accounts described (a) period expenses described - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Allowance for doubtful accounts: Year ended December 31, 1996 $2,954 $7,432 $(7,629) $2,757 Year ended December 31, 1995 3,213 7,328 (7,587) 2,954 Year ended December 31, 1994 1,557 7,854 (6,198) 3,213 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(a) Amounts charged off. SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. AMNEX, INC. April 15, 1997 By: /s/ Kenneth G. Baritz --------------------- Kenneth G. Baritz, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive and /s/Kenneth G. Baritz Financial Officer) April 15, 1997 - ---------------------- Kenneth G. Baritz President, PubCom Division /s/Peter M. Izzo, Jr. and Director April 15, 1997 - ---------------------- Peter M. Izzo, Jr. Chief Operating Officer /s/Michael V. Dettmers and Director April 15, 1997 - ---------------------- Michael V. Dettmers Vice President - Finance, Treasurer and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting /s/Richard L. Stoun Officer) April 15, 1997 - ---------------------- Richard L. Stoun /s/Francesco Galesi Director April 15, 1997 - ---------------------- Francesco Galesi
EX-2.9 2 STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT EXECUTION COPY STOCK PURCHASE AGREEMENT Dated as of September 30, 1996 by and among AMNEX, INC. and NATIONAL BUSINESS EXCHANGE, INC. and James E. Everingham, a selling shareholder and Daryl A. Frame, a selling shareholder TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SECTION 1. Certain Definitions............................................. 1 SECTION 2. Purchase of Shares.............................................. 6 2.1. Purchase of Shares............................... 6 SECTION 3. Consideration for the Shares.................................... 6 3.1. Amount of Purchase Price......................... 6 3.2. Payment of Purchase Price........................ 6 SECTION 4. Representations and Warranties of NBE and the Selling Shareholders............................. 7 4.1. Good Standing.................................... 7 4.2. Articles of Incorporation; By-Laws; Minute Books............................................ 7 4.3. Authorization.................................... 8 4.4. Authorized Capitalization........................ 8 4.5. Financial Statements............................. 9 4.6. Records and Books of Account..................... 10 4.7. Liabilities...................................... 10 4.8. Tax Returns...................................... 10 4.9. Provision for Taxes.............................. 11 4.10. Title to Assets; Liens and Encumbrances............... 12 4.11. Trademarks, Service Marks, Trade Names, Patents and Copyrights........................... 13 4.12. Insurance Policies.................................... 14 4.13. Contracts............................................. 14 4.14. Labor Relations....................................... 16 4.15. Legal Proceedings..................................... 17 4.16. Court Orders.......................................... 17 4.17. Compliance With Law; Permits and Licenses............. 17 4.18. Actions Not in Ordinary Course........................ 18 4.19. No Change............................................. 19 4.20. Accounts Receivable................................... 19 4.21. Certain Transactions.................................. 19 4.22. Employee Benefits..................................... 20 4.23. Governmental Approvals................................ 22 40860174 4.24. Investment Intent..................................... 22 4.25. Restricted Securities............................ 23 4.26. Secrecy and Noncompetition Agreements................. 24 4.27. No Omissions.......................................... 24 4.28. Shareholder and Voting Agreements..................... 25 4.29. Employees............................................. 25 SECTION 5. Representations and Warranties of Buyer......................... 25 5.1. Good Standing.................................... 25 5.2. Authorization.................................... 25 5.3. AMNEX Shares..................................... 26 5.4. Purchase for Investment.......................... 26 5.5. No Omissions..................................... 28 SECTION 6. Employment Agreements........................................... 28 SECTION 7. Consents........................................................ 28 SECTION 8. Deliveries of NBE and Selling Shareholders...................... 28 8.1. Stock Certificates..................................... 29 8.2. Opinion of Counsel..................................... 29 8.3. Closing Date Balance Sheet............................. 29 8.4. Other Deliveries....................................... 29 SECTION 9. Deliveries of Buyer on the Closing Date......................... 29 9.1. Opinion of Counsel..................................... 29 9.2. Stock Certificates..................................... 29 9.3. Other Deliveries....................................... 29 SECTION 10. Registration Rights.......................................... 29 10.1. Required Registration................................. 29 10.2. Procedure for Registration............................ 32 10.3. Piggyback Registration................................ 32 10.4. Indemnification by Buyer.............................. 34 10.5. Indemnification by the Selling Shareholders ................................................ 36 10.6. Holdback Agreement.................................... 38 SECTION 11. Moving Expenses; Billing Agreements with LECs................................................... 38 11.1. Moving Expenses.................................. 39 11.2. Billing Agreements with LECs..................... 39 SECTION 12. Board of Directors; Voting and Lock-Up Agreement.............................................. 39 12.1. Board of Directors.................................... 39 12.2. Voting and Lock-up Agreement.......................... 40 Page SECTION 13. Buyer's Call Right............................................. 42 13.1. Buyer's Call Right; Valuation of Remaining Shares............................................42 13.2. Exercise of Buyer's Call Right.........................43 13.3. Sale Event Differential................................43 SECTION 14. Indemnification................................................ 44 14.1. Indemnification by NBE and the Selling Shareholders..................................... 44 14.2. Indemnification by Buyer.............................. 45 14.3. Procedures for Indemnification........................ 45 14.4. Escrow Agreement...................................... 46 SECTION 15. Survival of Representations; Effect of Certificates................................................. 46 SECTION 16. No Broker; Expenses............................................ 46 SECTION 17. Notices........................................................ 47 SECTION 18. Miscellaneous.................................................. 48 18.1. Entire Agreement...................................... 48 18.2. Governing Law; Arbitration............................ 49 18.3. Benefit of Parties; Assignment........................ 50 18.4. Pronouns.............................................. 51 18.5. Headings.............................................. 51 18.6. Counterparts 51 18.7. Further Assurances.................................... 51 18.8. Good Faith and Fair Dealing............................51 AGREEMENT dated as of September 30, 1996, by and among AMNEX, Inc., a New York corporation ("Buyer"), National Business Exchange, Inc., a California corporation ("NBE"), James Everingham ("Everingham") and Daryl A. Frame ("Frame") and both Everingham and Frame, each a "Selling Shareholder" and together "Selling Shareholders"). W I T N E S E T H: WHEREAS, the Selling Shareholders are the owners of all the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of NBE ("NBE Stock"); and WHEREAS, Buyer desires to purchase from Everingham 408 shares of NBE Stock and from Frame 220 shares of NBE Stock representing in the aggregate 80% (the "Shares") of all of the issued and outstanding shares of NBE Stock; and the Selling Shareholders desire to sell to Buyer, the Shares, upon the terms and conditions and for the purchase price hereinafter set forth; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration set forth herein, the parties hereto agree as follows: SECTION 1. Certain Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement, the following terms shall have the respective meanings set forth below: "Actions" mean any claims, actions, suits, proceedings and investigations, whether at law, in equity or in admiralty or before any court, arbitrator, arbitration panel or Governmental Authority. "Affiliate" of a party means any Person which, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such party. "Assets" means all the assets, properties, rights and business of NBE of every kind and description, wherever located, including, without limitation, all property, tangible or intangible, real, personal or mixed, and whether or not reflected on the Balance Sheet. "Balance Sheet" means the balance sheet of NBE at July 31, 1996 referred to in paragraph 4.5 hereof. "Business" means the existing and prospective business, operations, facilities and other Assets, financial condition, results of operations, finances, markets, products, competitive position, and customers and customer relations of NBE. "Balance Sheet Date" means July 31, 1996. "Closing" means the closing of the transactions contemplated hereby, which shall take place simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement on the first above written. "Closing Date" means the date first above written. "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. "Contracts" mean all contracts, agreements, indentures, licenses, leases, commitments, plans, arrangements, sales orders and purchase orders of every kind, whether written or oral. "Court Order" means any judgment, decree, injunction, order, decision, directive, regulation or ruling of any Governmental Authority that is binding on any Person or its property under Law. "Damages" mean losses, liabilities, costs, damages, claims, taxes and expenses (including reasonable attorneys fees and disbursements). "Default" means (i) a material breach of or material default under any Contract, (ii) the occurrence of an event that with the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would constitute a material breach of or material default under any Contract, or (iii) the occurrence of an event that with or without the passage of time or the giving of notice or both would give rise to a right of termination, renegotiation or acceleration under any Contract. "ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. "GAAP" means generally accepted United States accounting principles. "Governmental Authority" means any agency, instrumentality, department, commission, court, tribunal or board of any government, whether foreign or domestic and whether national, federal, state, provincial or local. "Laws" mean laws, statutes, rules, regulations, codes, orders, ordinances, judgments, injunctions, decrees and policies. "Liabilities" mean debts, liabilities, obligations, guarantees, indemnities, duties and responsibilities of any kind and description, whether absolute or contingent, monetary or non-monetary, direct or indirect, known or unknown or matured or unmatured, or of any other nature. "Licenses" means licenses, franchises, permits, easements, rights and other authorizations. "Lien" means any security interest, lien, mortgage, claim, charge, pledge, restriction, equitable interest or encumbrance of any nature. "Person" means any natural person, corporation, business trust, joint venture, association, company, firm, partnership, or other entity or government or Governmental Authority. "Proprietary Right" means any trade name, trademark, service mark, patent or copyright and any application for any of the foregoing. "Registration Statement" means an appropriate shelf registration statement pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. "Returns" mean all returns, declarations, reports, estimates, information returns and statements required to be filed with or supplied to any taxing authority in connection with any Taxes. "Sale Event" means any one of the following events: (i) any sale or exchange of fifty percent (50%) or more of the issued and outstanding common stock of Buyer to any Person that is not an Affiliate of Buyer, (ii) any sale by NBE of all or substantially all of the assets of NBE to any Person that is not an Affiliate of Buyer, (iii) any sale or exchange of fifty percent (50%) or more of the issued and outstanding stock of NBE on a fully diluted basis to any Person that is not an Affiliate of Buyer, (iv) any sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Buyer to any Person that is not an Affiliate of Buyer or, (v) with respect to either of the Selling Shareholders, the termination of Selling Shareholder's employment by NBE pursuant to the Employment Agreement entered into the date hereof with such Selling Shareholder. "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. "Taxes" mean all taxes, charges, fees, levies or other assessments, including, without limitation, income, gross receipts, excise, real and personal property, sales, transfer, license, payroll and franchise taxes, imposed by any Governmental Authority and shall include any interest, penalties or additions to tax attributable to any of the foregoing. SECTION 2. Purchase of Shares. 2.1. Purchase of Shares. Based upon and subject to the terms, agreements, warranties, representations and conditions of this Agreement, the Selling Shareholders hereby agree to sell, convey, transfer, assign and deliver to Buyer on the Closing Date, and Buyer hereby agrees to buy and accept on the Closing Date, the Shares. SECTION 3. Consideration for the Shares. 3.1. Amount of Purchase Price. The total consideration (the "Purchase Price") to be paid by Buyer for the Shares shall be $1,900,000. 3.2. Payment of Purchase Price. (a) Concurrently with the execution hereof, Buyer is paying to each of the Selling Shareholders their pro rata portion of the Purchase Price, by the issuance and delivery by Buyer to Everingham of 357,796 shares of Common Stock of Buyer, $.001 par value per share, and to Frame of 192,929 shares of Common Stock of Buyer, $.001 par value per share (collectively, the "AMNEX Shares") . Such numbers of shares have been determined by averaging the closing share price as reflected in the "Close" column in the NASDAQ/Wall Street Journal Quotation of Buyer's Common Stock for the 90 trading days preceding the date of this Agreement, as reported by the Nasdaq Stock Market. (b) Until such time as the AMNEX Shares are registered under the Securities Act pursuant to Section 10 hereof, the AMNEX Shares shall be unregistered and subject to certain trading restrictions which shall be as set forth in Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act. SECTION 4. Representations and Warranties of NBE and the Selling Shareholders. NBE and the Selling Shareholders, jointly and severally, hereby warrant and represent to and agree with Buyer as follows: 4.1. Good Standing. NBE is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of California, has full power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and assets and to conduct the Business as now being conducted. NBE is duly qualified or licensed to do business as a foreign corporation, and is in good standing, in all jurisdictions where the character of the properties it owns, leases or operates, or the conduct of the Business, requires such qualification or licensing, except where the failure to be so qualified would not have a material adverse effect on the Business. NBE does not have any subsidiaries and has not made any investments in or own any securities of any other Person. 4.2. Articles of Incorporation; By-Laws; Minute Books. NBE has heretofore delivered to Buyer true and complete copies of NBE's Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws, as in effect on the date hereof. The minute books, stock books and stock transfer records of NBE, true and complete copies of which have been made available to Buyer, contain true and complete minutes and records of all issuances and transfers of capital stock of NBE and of all minutes and records of all meetings, proceedings and other actions of the shareholders, Board of Directors and/or committees of the Board of Directors of NBE from its date of incorporation and all such meetings, proceedings and actions have been duly, legally and properly held or taken. 4.3. Authorization. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by the Board of Directors of NBE, and all other corporate action of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, including all shareholder approvals, authorizations and ratifications, necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been taken. This Agreement constitutes the valid and binding obligation of NBE enforceable against it in accordance with its terms. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by NBE and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not (a) require the consent of any lender, trustee or security holder of NBE, or of any other Person, (b) result in a Default under any Contract, (c) violate any Law or Court Order or (d) require the obtaining by NBE of any License. The Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws of NBE do not conflict with or restrict the execution and delivery of this Agreement by NBE or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. 4.4. Authorized Capitalization. The authorized capital stock of NBE consists solely of 10,000 shares of Common Stock, no par value, of which 785 shares of Common Stock (constituting all of the issued and outstanding shares of such capital stock) are validly issued and outstanding, fully paid and nonassessable, and owned beneficially and of record by the Selling Shareholders. The Shares are owned beneficially and of record by the Selling Shareholders, free and clear of all Liens and Buyer will receive good and marketable title to the Shares, free and clear of all Liens. There are not outstanding any Contracts, warrants, options or rights (pre-emptive or otherwise) or other securities, plans or agreements which give the holder or any other Person the right to purchase or otherwise acquire (whether from NBE, any Selling Shareholder or Affiliate of any of them) any NBE Shares or any securities convertible into, exchangeable or exercisable for any NBE Shares or under which any such warrant, option, right or security may be issued in the future. No shares of NBE Stock have been issued in violation of any Contracts or Laws, including the Securities Act, or the securities or blue sky laws of any country, state, territory or other jurisdiction (whether foreign or domestic). 4.5. Financial Statements. NBE has delivered to the Buyer the unaudited balance sheets of NBE as at July 31, 1996, together with the related statements of income, retained earnings and cash flows for the period ended July 31, 1996, together with the notes thereto (collectively, the "Historical Financial Statements"). The Historical Financial Statements in each case are true and complete with respect to each item therein and have been prepared in conformity with GAAP heretofore adopted by, and applied consistently with the past practices of, NBE and fairly present the financial position, results of operations and changes in financial position of NBE as at, or for the periods ended on, such dates. Since the Balance Sheet Date, NBE has conducted its business in a consistent manner without change of policy or procedure, including, without limitation, its practices in connection with the treatment of expenses, burdens, valuations of inventory and selling and purchasing policies. 4.6. Records and Books of Account. Since the Balance Sheet Date, the records and books of account of NBE have been regularly kept and maintained in conformity with GAAP consistently applied. 4.7. Liabilities. On the Balance Sheet Date, except as set forth on Schedule 4.7 there were no Liabilities of NBE (including, but not limited to, Liabilities for Taxes relating to any period prior to the Balance Sheet Date) other than those Liabilities disclosed or provided for on the Balance Sheet. On the date hereof, there are no other Liabilities of NBE except (i) those incurred since the Balance Sheet Date, in the ordinary course of the business of NBE, and not in violation of or in conflict with any of the terms, agreements, warranties, representations and conditions of NBE contained in this Agreement which do not in the aggregate exceed the liabilities set forth on the Balance Sheet by more than $5,000, and (ii) those set forth in Schedule 4.7 hereto. 4.8. Tax Returns. NBE has timely filed (subject to permitted extensions), or caused to be timely filed, all Returns required to be filed by NBE, and all such Returns are complete and accurate and comply in all respects with all applicable Laws. NBE has delivered to Buyer true and complete copies of all Returns filed by NBE for each of its past five fiscal years ended December 31, 1995. NBE's Returns have not been audited by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service or any other Governmental Authority, nor is any such audit scheduled or pending. NBE has not requested any, and there are no outstanding, waivers or extensions of time relating to the filing of any Return. Any deficiency assessments with respect to NBE's Returns have been paid by NBE. NBE has not given any waivers or comparable consents to the application of the statute of limitations to any Taxes or Returns, nor is any such waiver or consent outstanding. There are no tax sharing or similar agreements or any other agreements with respect to any Taxes paid or payable by NBE. NBE has not been a member of any affiliated group as defined in Section 1504(a) of the Code (determined without regard to the exceptions contained in Section 1504(b) of the Code) at any time during the consistency period as defined in Section 338(h)(4) of the Code ending immediately prior to the Closing. NBE has not, at any time, consented under Section 341(f)(1) of the Code to have the provisions of Section 341(f)(2) of the Code apply to any sale of its stock. NBE has not been a United States real property holding corporation within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Code during the applicable period specified in Section 897(c)(1)(A) of the Code. 4.9. Provision for Taxes. NBE has timely paid and through the Closing Date will have timely paid, all Taxes due and payable on or before such date. NBE has, and through the Closing Date will have, established on its books and records reserves that are adequate for the payment of all Taxes attributable to any period (or portion of a period) or event occurring on or before the Closing Date, but which are not due and payable on or before the Closing Date. The provisions for Taxes of NBE shown on the Balance Sheet are sufficient for the payment of all such Taxes not theretofore paid, whether or not disputed, for the period then ended and for all periods prior thereto. The provision for employment withholding and payroll taxes made by NBE through the Closing Date will be adequate to pay all unpaid liabilities for such taxes through the Closing Date and NBE has, and through the Closing Date will have, within the time and in the manner prescribed, withheld from employees' wages and paid over to the proper Governmental Authority all amounts required to be so withheld and paid over under all applicable Laws. 4.10. Title to Assets; Liens and Encumbrances. NBE is the owner of, and has good and marketable title to, all of the Assets reflected on the Balance Sheet in the categories set forth therein and to all of the assets acquired by NBE since the Balance Sheet Date, free and clear of all Liens except for (a) receivables collected in the ordinary course of business of NBE since the Balance Sheet Date, and (b) the Liens, if any, set forth on the Balance Sheet or on Schedule 4.10 hereto (the "Permitted Liens"). NBE does not own any real property. NBE has one lease for real property consisting of approximately 1,500 square feet of office space in Pasadena, California. 4.11. Trademarks, Service Marks, Trade Names, Patents and Copyrights. Schedule 4.11 hereto sets forth a true and complete list of all Proprietary Rights used by NBE in the conduct of the Business. Each such Proprietary Right is owned by NBE and is not subject to any license, royalty arrangement or dispute. No other Proprietary Rights are used in or are necessary for the conduct of the Business. To the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, none of such Proprietary Rights nor any trade secret, customer list or know-how used by NBE infringes any Proprietary Right or other such right of any other Person. To the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, no Proprietary Right or trade secret, customer list or know-how used by any other Person infringes or conflicts with any Proprietary Right heretofore or presently used by NBE. No claim has been asserted or, to NBE and the Selling Shareholders' knowledge, threatened, by any Person with respect to the ownership, validity, license or use of, or any infringement resulting from, any of the Proprietary Rights used by NBE or the provision or sale of any services by NBE and, to NBE and the Selling Shareholders' knowledge, there is no basis for any such claim. To the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, no trademark, service mark or trade name used by NBE, infringes any trademark, service mark or trade name of others in the United States of America or any other country in which such trademark, service mark or trade name is used by NBE. To the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, no shareholder, officer, director or employee of NBE or any Affiliate owns or has any interest in any Proprietary Rights or any trade secret, invention or process, if any, used by NBE in connection with the Business. 4.12. Insurance Policies. Schedule 4.12 hereto sets forth a true and complete list and description (including face amount of policy, name of insured, carrier, premium, expiration date and whether it is a "claims made" or an "occurrence" policy) of all insurance policies held by NBE. True and complete copies of all such policies have heretofore been provided by NBE to Buyer. All such policies are in amounts customarily deemed to be adequate, and cover all risks customarily insured against, in the type of business conducted by NBE and all premiums due to the date hereof on such policies have been paid in full. All pending claims, if any, made against NBE which are covered by insurance are being defended by the appropriate insurance companies and are described on Schedule 4.12 hereto. To the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, NBE has not failed to give any notice or present any claim under any such policy in a timely fashion. Such insurance to the date hereof has, and to the Closing Date will have, (a) been maintained in full force and effect and (b) not been canceled or changed except to extend the maturity dates thereof. No policy of NBE has been canceled by the issuer thereof, nor have the premiums on any such policy been increased over the prior period. 4.13. Contracts. Schedule 4.13 hereto sets forth each of the following Contracts to which NBE is a party or subject to or bound by: (i) lease; (ii) royalty, distribution, agency, territorial or license agreement; (iii) Contract (for employment or otherwise) with any present or former officer, employee, director or shareholder (or any Affiliate of any such officer, employee, director or shareholder) or any professional person or firm, consultant, independent contractor or advertising firm or agency; (iv) Contract or collective bargaining agreement with any labor union or representative of employees; (v) Contract guaranteeing the payment or performance of the obligations of others; (vi) Contract pursuant to which indebtedness may be incurred; (vii) group health or life insurance, pension, profit sharing, retirement, medical, bonus, incentive, severance, stock option or purchase plan or other similar benefit plan in effect with respect to its employees or others; (viii) Contract limiting the freedom of NBE to engage in any line of business or to compete with any Person; (ix) Contract not entered into in the ordinary course of business which involves $5,000 or more and is not cancelable without penalty within 30 days; (x) any Contract which may have a potential adverse impact on the Business of NBE; (xi) any shareholders' agreement, joint venture agreement or other Contract with respect to the operation or management of any entity; (xii) Contracts involving $5,000 or more for the purchase of, or payment for, supplies or products or services; (xiii) Contracts involving $5,000 or more to sell or supply products or to perform services; or (xiv) any other Contract that involves payments by or to NBE at a rate of $5,000 or more per annum. Schedule 4.13 hereto contains a true and complete description of the terms and conditions of each Contract to which NBE is a party or to which it is subject or by which it is bound that involves an annualized rate of $5,000 or more and which is not in writing. True and complete copies of all Contracts listed on Schedule 4.13 have heretofore been made available by NBE to Buyer. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.13, no Contract to which NBE is a party or to which it is subject or by which it is bound will result in the realization of less than normal profits of NBE. To the knowledge of NBE or the Selling Shareholders, each of the Contracts to which NBE is a party or to which it is subject or by which it is bound is a valid and subsisting Contract of all of the parties thereto in full force and effect without modification. To the knowledge of NBE or the Selling Shareholders, NBE has performed all obligations required to be performed by it and is not in Default under any Contract to which it is a party or to which it is subject or by which it is bound. To the knowledge of NBE or the Selling Shareholders, no other party is in Default under any such Contract. 4.14. Labor Relations. There are no labor strikes, disputes, slow downs, work stoppages or other labor troubles or grievances pending or, to the knowledge of NBE or the Selling Shareholders, threatened against or involving NBE. No unfair labor practice complaint before the National Labor Relations Board, no discharge or grievance before the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission and no complaint, charge or grievance of any nature before any similar or comparable state, local or foreign agency, in any case relating to NBE or the conduct of its business is pending or, to NBE's knowledge, threatened. NBE has not received notice, and has no knowledge, of the intent of any Governmental Authority responsible for the enforcement of labor or employment laws to conduct any investigation of or relating to NBE or the conduct of its business. To the knowledge of NBE or the Selling Shareholders, no officer or key employee of NBE has any plans to terminate his or her employment with NBE. 4.15. Legal Proceedings. There are no Actions (whether or not purportedly on behalf of NBE) pending or, to the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, threatened against or affecting NBE or any of its properties, rights or the Business. NBE is not in default with respect to any Court Order. 4.16. Court Orders. There are no Court Orders issued against, or binding on, NBE which do or may affect, limit or control the Assets or NBE's method or manner of doing Business. 4.17. Compliance With Law; Permits and Licenses. (a) To the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, NBE has complied and is in compliance with all Court Orders and Laws of any Governmental Authority applicable to NBE, its assets or property or its Business, including, without limitation, Laws relating to zoning, building codes, antitrust, occupational safety and health, environmental protection and conservation, water or air pollution, toxic and hazardous waste and substances control, consumer product safety, product liability, hiring, wages, hours, employee benefit plans and programs, collective bargaining and withholding and social security taxes. (b) NBE holds all the Licenses which are necessary for or material to its use, occupancy or operation of the Assets or the conduct of the Business; and no notice of violation of any applicable zoning regulation, ordinance or other similar Law binding on NBE with respect to the Assets or the Business has been received. 4.18. Actions Not in Ordinary Course. Except as set forth on Schedule 4.18 hereto, since the Balance Sheet Date NBE has not, and prior to the Closing Date NBE will not have, (i) incurred any Liability, except current liabilities in the ordinary course of business and Liabilities incurred under Contracts entered into in the ordinary course of business; (ii) discharged or satisfied any Lien or paid any Liability, other than current liabilities shown on the Balance Sheet and current liabilities incurred since the Balance Sheet Date in the ordinary course of business; (iii) sold or transferred any assets or written off any receivables, except for the collection of receivables in the ordinary course of business; (iv) mortgaged, pledged or subjected to any other Lien any of its assets or properties, other than Permitted Liens; (v) suffered any losses or waived any rights of substantial value; (vi) except in the ordinary course of business, granted any bonuses or commissions or increased the compensation payable to any of its employees, directors or officers or increased the aggregate payment of any fees; (vii) made any loans to any Persons; (viii) declared, made, set aside or paid any dividend, distribution, or payment on, or any purchase or redemption of, any shares of any class of its capital stock, or any commitment therefor; (ix) made any change in any method of accounting or auditing practice; or (x) entered into any transaction not in the ordinary course of business or agreed (whether or not in writing) to do any of the foregoing. From the Balance Sheet Date to the Closing Date, the business of NBE has been and will have been operated only in the regular and ordinary course. 4.19. No Change. Since the Balance Sheet Date, there has not been (i) any material adverse change (whether or not in the ordinary course of business) in the Business, Assets or Liabilities of NBE as reflected on the Balance Sheet or (ii) any damage, destruction or loss affecting the Business, Assets, properties or rights of NBE. 4.20. Accounts Receivable. All of the accounts receivable of NBE are actual and bona fide receivables representing obligations for the total dollar amount thereof shown on the books of NBE which resulted from the ordinary course of the business of NBE. To the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, such receivables (net of the reserve for doubtful accounts shown on the Balance Sheet) will be collected in full in accordance with their terms without being subject to any recoupments, set-offs or counterclaims. No accounts receivable have been written off since the Balance Sheet Date. 4.21. Certain Transactions. There are no sums owed to NBE, however evidenced or denominated, by any of its present or former directors, officers, shareholders or Affiliates. No director or officer of NBE, nor any member of his or her immediate family or any other of his or her Affiliates, owns or has a 10% or more ownership interest in any Person that is or was during the last three years a party to, or in any property which is or was during the last three years the subject of, any material Contract, business arrangement or relationship with NBE. 4.22. Employee Benefits. (a) Except for those plans set forth on Schedule 4.22A hereto (the "Plans"), NBE does not maintain or contribute to any "employee benefit plan," as that term is defined in Section 3(3) of ERISA, whether or not such plan has been terminated. (b) True and complete copies of all the documents embodying the Plans, including, without limitation, the plan and trust instruments and insurance, group annuity and other Contracts pertaining thereto and any actuarial reports obtained with respect to any Plan, as well as the books and records of the Plans, have been furnished to Buyer. Each Plan which is intended to comply with Section 401(a) of the Code and each trust related thereto is, to the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, qualified and exempt within the meaning of Sections 401 and 501 of the Code, respectively, and a determination letter has been received from the Internal Revenue Service with respect to each such Plan stating that such Plan and its related trust are qualified and exempt within the meaning of Sections 401 and 501 of the Code, respectively, and a copy of each such determination letter has been furnished to Buyer. There has been (i) no change in any of the documents delivered to Buyer under which each Plan is maintained and (ii) no change, since each Plan's most recent valuation date, in the operation of the Plan which could be expected to materially adversely affect or alter the tax status of, or materially increase the cost of maintaining, any such Plan. (c) With respect to the Plans, the reporting and disclosure requirements of ERISA and the Code, as applicable, and the group health plan continuation coverage requirements of Section 4980B of the Code and Part 6 of Title I of ERISA, have been fulfilled in all material respects and NBE has furnished to Buyer copies of all filings with the Internal Revenue Service and the Department of Labor or other applicable Governmental Authority for each Plan's most recent plan year. NBE has never sponsored a Plan which is subject to Section 412 of the Code or Part 3 of Title I of ERISA. (d) Neither NBE, the Plans, any of the trusts created thereunder, nor any trustee, administrator or other fiduciary thereof, has engaged in a "prohibited transaction" as such term is defined in Section 4975 of the Code or Section 406 of ERISA or otherwise taken or omitted any action which could subject the Plans, NBE, any of the trusts created thereunder or any trustee or administrator thereof, or any party dealing with such Plans or trusts, to a material Tax, penalty or other Liability resulting from any prohibited transactions under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or otherwise, and neither NBE, any Plan, any trust created thereunder nor any other fiduciary (within the meaning of Section 3(21) of ERISA) of any Plan or its attendant trust has breached its fiduciary duties under Title I of ERISA in a manner which could result in a material direct or indirect liability to NBE or the trustee or administrator of any Plan. (e) Neither NBE nor any other "trade or business (whether or not incorporated) which is under common control" (as such term is defined in Section 4001 of ERISA and the regulations promulgated thereunder) with NBE has ever (i) terminated a Plan subject to Title IV of ERISA or (ii) contributed to any "multiemployer plan," as such term is defined in Section 3(37) of ERISA, and neither NBE nor any such "trade or business" has effected either a "complete withdrawal" or a "partial withdrawal," as those terms are defined in Sections 4203 and 4205, respectively, of ERISA, from any such multiemployer plan. (f) NBE does not maintain or contribute to any "employee welfare benefit plan" (as such term is defined in Section 3(1) of ERISA), or other employee benefit plan or arrangement, relating to post-employment or retirement benefits (other than an "employee pension benefit plan," as such term is defined in Section 3(2) of ERISA). 4.23. Governmental Approvals. No governmental authorization, approval, order, license, permit, franchise, or consent and no registration, declaration or filing by NBE with any Governmental Authority (including, without limitation, any filing or registration pursuant to the Securities Act or the securities or blue sky laws of any state or territory) is required in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. 4.24. Investment Intent. The Selling Stockholders are acquiring the AMNEX Shares for their own account and not with a present view to, or for sale in connection with, any distribution thereof in violation of the Securities Act. Seller consents to the placement of the following legend on each certificate representing the AMNEX Shares and acknowledges that stop transfer instructions will be placed with respect thereto: "THE SHARES EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OR SOLD UNLESS (i) A REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER SUCH ACT IS THEN IN EFFECT WITH RESPECT THERETO, (ii) A WRITTEN OPINION FROM COUNSEL FOR THE ISSUER OR OTHER COUNSEL FOR THE HOLDER REASONABLY ACCEPTABLE TO THE ISSUER HAS BEEN OBTAINED TO THE EFFECT THAT NO SUCH REGISTRATION IS REQUIRED OR (iii) A 'NO ACTION' LETTER OR ITS THEN EQUIVALENT HAS BEEN ISSUED BY THE STAFF OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WITH RESPECT TO SUCH TRANSFER OR SALE." 4.25. Restricted Securities. The Selling Shareholders understand that the AMNEX Shares will not be registered when issued and delivered to the Selling Shareholders under the Securities Act for the reason that the sale provided for in this Agreement is exempt pursuant to Section 4 of the Securities Act and that the reliance of Buyer on such exemption is predicated in part on the Selling Shareholders' representations set forth herein. Each of the Selling Shareholders represents that he is experienced in evaluating companies such as Buyer, is able to fend for himself, has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of his investment, and has the ability to suffer the total loss of his investment. Each of the Selling Shareholders further represents that Buyer has furnished him with Buyer's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995 and subsequent reports on Form 10-Q and 8-K and that each such Selling Shareholder has reviewed the same and has been afforded the opportunity to obtain such other information as he has deemed necessary to evaluate his investment in AMNEX Shares, ask questions of and receive answers from Buyer and to obtain additional information (to the extent Buyer possessed such information or could acquire it without unreasonable effort or expense) necessary to verify the accuracy of any information furnished to him or to which he had access. The Selling Shareholders understand that the AMNEX Shares may not be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of without registration under the Securities Act or an exemption therefrom and that in the absence of an effective registration statement covering the Shares or an available exemption from registration under the Securities Act, the AMNEX Shares must be held indefinitely. 4.26. Secrecy and Noncompetition Agreements. NBE has entered into secrecy and noncompetition agreements in a form satisfactory to AMNEX with the employees listed on Schedule 4.26, which persons are all of the persons with whom NBE has entered into such agreements. To the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, no employee is subject to any secrecy or noncompetition agreement with anyone other than NBE. 4.27. No Omissions. NBE and the Selling Shareholders do not know of any facts or circumstances not disclosed to Buyer which indicate that the Assets may be materially adversely affected or which otherwise should be disclosed to Buyer in order to make any of the representations or warranties made herein on the part of NBE and the Selling Shareholders not misleading in any material respect. To the knowledge of NBE and the Selling Shareholders, no representation or warranty by NBE and the Selling Shareholders contained in this Agreement, and no statement contained in any Schedule, Exhibit, certificate or other instrument furnished to Buyer under or in connection with this Agreement, contains any untrue statement of any material fact, or omits to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained herein or therein not misleading in any material respect. 4.28. Shareholder and Voting Agreements. There are no shareholder or voting agreements with respect to any shares of NBE Stock to which either of the Selling Shareholders is a party. 4.29. Employees. NBE has six full-time employees and one part-time employee as of the date hereof. SECTION 5. Representations and Warranties of Buyer. Buyer warrants and represents to and agrees with NBE and the Selling Shareholders as follows: 5.1. Good Standing. Buyer is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of New York. 5.2. Authorization. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the Note and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by the Board of Directors of Buyer, and all other corporate action of Buyer, including all shareholder approvals, authorizations and ratifications, necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been taken. This Agreement constitutes a binding obligation of Buyer, enforceable against Buyer in accordance with its terms. The execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Buyer and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will not (a) require the consent of any lender, trustee or security holder of Buyer or of any other Person, (b) result in a Default under any Contract, (c) violate any Law or Court Order or (d) require the obtaining by the Buyer of any License. The Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws of Buyer do not conflict with or restrict the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Buyer or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. 5.3. AMNEX Shares. The AMNEX Shares to be issued pursuant to this Agreement, when so issued, will be duly and validly authorized and issued, fully paid and nonassessable and will be free and clear of any Liens created by the Buyer (other than restrictions arising under the Securities Act and state securities laws). 5.4. Purchase for Investment. Buyer is acquiring the Shares solely for its own account for investment and not with a view to or for the distribution thereof in violation of the Securities Act. Buyer acknowledges that the Shares are not registered under the Securities Act, and that such Shares may not be transferred or sold except pursuant to the registration provisions of the Securities Act or pursuant to an applicable exemption therefrom. Buyer understands that the Shares will not be registered at the Closing Date under the Securities Act for the reason that the sale provided for in this Agreement is exempt pursuant to Section 4 of the Securities Act and that the reliance of NBE and the Selling Shareholders on such exemption is predicated in part on Buyer's representations set forth herein. Buyer represents that it is experienced in evaluating companies such as NBE, is able to fend for itself, has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters as to be capable of evaluating the merits and risks of its investment, and has the ability to suffer the total loss of its investment. Buyer further represents that it has had access during the course of the transaction and prior to its acquisition of the Shares to such information relating to NBE as it has desired and that it has had the opportunity to ask questions of and receive answers from NBE concerning the transaction and to obtain additional information (to the extent NBE possessed such information or could acquire it without unreasonable effort or expense) necessary to verify the accuracy of any information furnished to it or to which it had access. Buyer understands that the Shares may not be sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of without registration under the Securities Act or an exemption therefrom and that in the absence of an effective registration statement covering the Shares or an available exemption from registration under the Securities Act, the Shares must be held indefinitely. 5.5. No Omissions. Buyer does not know of any facts or circumstances not disclosed to NBE and the Selling Shareholders which should be disclosed to NBE and the Selling Shareholders in order to make any of the representations or warranties made herein on the part of the Buyer not misleading in any material respect. To the knowledge of the Buyer, no representation or warranty by Buyer contained in this Agreement, and no statement contained in any Schedule, Exhibit, certificate or other instrument furnished to NBE and the Selling Shareholders under or in connection with this Agreement, contains any untrue statement of any material fact, or omits to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements contained herein or therein not misleading in any material respect. SECTION 6. Employment Agreements. Everingham and Frame have entered into an employment agreement with NBE, such agreements to be in the form of Exhibits 6.1 and 6.2 hereto containing non-competition and non-solicitation agreements. SECTION 7. Consents. Simultaneously with execution and delivery of this Agreement, any and all consents required to be obtained by NBE in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement have been obtained and are set forth on Schedule 7 hereto. SECTION 8. Deliveries of NBE and Selling Shareholders. NBE and the Selling Shareholders agree on the Closing Date to deliver to Buyer the following: 8.1. Stock Certificates. Stock certificates registered in the name of Buyer representing the Shares purchased by Buyer hereunder. 8.2. Opinion of Counsel. An opinion of R. Rosser Cole, Esq., counsel for NBE and the Selling Shareholders, dated as of the Closing Date, substantially in the form set forth as Exhibit 8.2 hereto. 8.3. Closing Date Balance Sheet. An unaudited balance sheet dated as of the Closing Date. 8.4. Other Deliveries. Such other documents or instruments as Buyer or its counsel may reasonably request. SECTION 9. Deliveries of Buyer on the Closing Date. Buyer agrees on the Closing Date to deliver to NBE and the Selling Shareholders, as applicable, the following: 9.1. Opinion of Counsel. An opinion of Stroock & Stroock & Lavan, counsel for Buyer, dated as of the Closing Date, substantially in the form of Exhibit 9.1 hereto. 9.2. Stock Certificates. Certificates representing the AMNEX Shares acquired by the Selling Shareholders pursuant to paragraph 3.1 hereof. 9.3. Other Deliveries. Such other documents or instruments as NBE or the Selling Shareholders and their counsel may reasonably request. SECTION 10. Registration Rights. 10.1. Required Registration. For purposes of this Section 10.1 only, the term "Registrable Shares" shall mean the AMNEX Shares acquired pursuant to this Agreement, provided, however, that if such shares of AMNEX Shares owned by the Selling Shareholders may be sold, in the opinion of counsel to Buyer, pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, including, without limitation, pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act, such shares shall not be deemed to be Registrable Shares. Subject to clause (b) below (i) Buyer shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause a Registration Statement covering 115,943 Registrable Shares (the "First Shares") to be filed with the Commission on or prior to March 31, 1997 (the "First Date") and to become effective as soon as reasonably practicable and to remain effective until the completion of the distribution of the Registrable Shares to be offered or sold, but in any case not longer than such period as is required for the intended method of distribution, or such shorter period which will terminate when all Registrable Shares covered by such Registration Statement have been sold or withdrawn, (ii) Buyer shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause a Registration Statement covering 217,391 Shares (the "Second Shares") plus, to the extent not already sold or currently registered under a Registration Statement, the First Shares, to be filed with the Commission on or prior to September 30, 1997 (the "Second Date") and to become effective as soon as reasonably practicable and to remain effective until the completion of the distribution of the Registrable Shares to be offered or sold, but in any case not longer than such period as is required for the intended method of distribution, or such shorter period which will terminate when all AMNEX Shares covered by such Registration Statement have been sold or withdrawn, and (iii) Buyer shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause a Registration Statement covering 217,391 Registrable Shares plus, to the extent not already sold or currently registered under a Registration Statement, the First Shares and Second Shares, to be filed with the Commission on or prior to September 30, 1998 and to become effective as soon as reasonably practicable and to remain effective until the completion of the distribution of the Registrable Shares to be offered or sold, but in any case not longer than such period as is required for the intended method of distribution, or such shorter period which will terminate when all AMNEX Shares covered by such Registration Statement have been sold or withdrawn. (b) If Milestone 1 as set forth on schedule 10.1 hereto has not been achieved by the First Date, the First Shares shall not be registered until the Second Date and, provided, further, that if Milestone 1 and Milestone 2 have been completed by June 30, 1997 (the "Early Milestone Date"), Buyer shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause a Registration Statement covering the First Shares and Second Shares to be filed with the Commission on or prior to 30 days following the Early Milestone Date. (c) Buyer shall bear all of the Costs and Expenses of such Registration Statements. Buyer shall not be required to file any of the foregoing Registration Statements during any period in which another registration statement (other than on Form S-4 or Form S-8 or any successor forms thereto) shall have been filed by Buyer and not withdrawn or has been declared effective within the prior 90 days. 10.2. Procedure for Registration. In connection with the filing of a Registration Statement pursuant to Section 10.1 hereof, Buyer shall use its reasonable best efforts to qualify, as soon as reasonably practicable, the Registrable Shares being registered for sale under the securities or blue-sky laws of such states and jurisdictions within the United States as shall be reasonably requested by the Selling Shareholders; provided, however, that Buyer shall not be required in connection therewith or as a condition thereto to qualify to do business, to become subject to taxation or to file a consent to service of process generally in any of the aforesaid states or jurisdictions. 10.3. Piggyback Registration. If at any time Buyer shall propose the filing of a registration statement on an appropriate form under the Securities Act of any securities of Buyer, otherwise than pursuant to Section 10.1 hereof and other than a registration statement on Forms S-8 or S-4 or any equivalent form then in effect, and, provided, further, that the Selling Shareholders have Registrable Shares which are required to be registered pursuant to Section 10.1 hereof, then Buyer shall give each of the Selling Shareholders notice of such proposed registration and shall include in any registration statement relating to such securities all or a portion of the Registrable Shares then owned by such Selling Shareholders, which such Selling Shareholders shall request, by notice given by such Selling Shareholders to Buyer within 15 days after the giving of such notice by Buyer, to be so included; provided, however, the number of Registrable shares owned by a Selling Shareholder to be included shall not exceed that percentage of the Registrable Shares as would equal the percentage obtained by dividing the number of Registrable Shares actually issued to such Selling Shareholder by the number of shares of AMNEX Common Stock then outstanding, calculated on a fully diluted basis to be registered as part of such offering. For example, if Buyer has 30,000,000 shares of AMNEX Common Stock outstanding, calculated on a fully diluted basis, and a Selling Shareholder has 3,000,000 Registrable Shares (10%) and Buyer intends to register 3,000,000 shares of AMNEX Common Stock (10%), then such Selling Shareholder shall have the right to piggyback 300,000 Registrable Shares (10% of the newly registered shares of common stock). In the event of the inclusion of Registrable Shares pursuant to this Section 10.3, Buyer shall bear all of the Costs and Expenses of such registration. In the event the distribution of securities of Buyer covered by a Registration Statement referred to in this Section 10.3 is to be underwritten, then Buyer's obligation to include Registrable Shares in such Registration Statement shall be subject, at the option of Buyer, to the following further conditions: (a) The distribution for the account of the Selling Shareholders shall be underwritten by the same underwriters who are underwriting the distribution of the securities for the account of Buyer and/or any other persons whose securities are covered by such Registration Statement, and the Selling Shareholders will enter into an agreement with such underwriters containing customary provisions; (b) If the underwriting agreement entered into with the aforesaid underwriters contains restrictions upon the sale of securities of Buyer, other than the securities which are to be included in the proposed distribution, for a period not exceeding 180 days from the effective date of the Registration Statement, then such restrictions will be binding upon the Selling Shareholders and, if requested by Buyer, the Selling Shareholders will enter into a written agreement to that effect; and (c) If the underwriters advise Buyer that they are unwilling to include any or all of the Selling Shareholders' securities in the proposed underwriting because such inclusion will interfere with the orderly sale and distribution of the securities being offered by Buyer, then the number of the Selling Shareholders' securities to be included will be reduced pro rata on the basis of the number of shares owned by each of the Selling Shareholders, or there will be no inclusion of the Selling Shareholders' securities in the registration statement and proposed distribution, in accordance with such statement by the underwriters. 10.4. Indemnification by Buyer. Buyer will indemnify and hold harmless the Selling Shareholders and any underwriter (as defined in the Securities Act) (but, in the case of an underwriter, only if such underwriter indemnifies the persons mentioned in subdivision (b) of Section 10.5 hereof in the manner set forth therein), against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which the Selling Shareholders or any such underwriter becomes subject, under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) are caused by any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in any preliminary prospectus (if used prior to the effective date of the Registration Statement), or contained, on the effective date thereof, in any Registration Statement under which AMNEX Shares were registered under the Securities Act, the prospectus contained therein, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arising out of or based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; and Buyer will reimburse the Selling Shareholders and any such underwriter for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Selling Shareholders, or underwriter in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that Buyer will not be liable to any such persons in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to Buyer in writing by such person expressly for inclusion in any of the foregoing documents; provided, further, however, that the foregoing indemnity agreement is subject to the condition that, insofar as it relates to any untrue statement, alleged untrue statement, omission or alleged omission made in any preliminary prospectus but eliminated or remedied in the final prospectus (filed pursuant to Rule 424 of the Securities Act), such indemnity agreement shall not inure to the benefit of the Selling Shareholders and underwriter, broker or other person acting on behalf of the Selling Shareholders and each other person, if any, who controls any of the foregoing persons within the meaning of the Securities Act from whom the person asserting any loss, claim, damage, liability or expense purchased the AMNEX Shares which are the subject thereof, if a copy of such final prospectus had been made available to such person and the Selling Shareholders, underwriter, broker or other person acting on behalf of the Selling Shareholders and such final prospectus was not delivered to such person with or prior to the written confirmation of the sale of such AMNEX Shares. 10.5. Indemnification by the Selling Shareholders. The Selling Shareholders shall: (a) Furnish in writing all information to Buyer concerning itself and its holdings of securities of Buyer as shall be required in connection with the preparation and filing of any Registration Statement covering any AMNEX Shares; and (b) Indemnify and hold harmless Buyer, each of its directors, each of its officers who has signed a Registration Statement, each person, if any, who controls Buyer within the meaning of the Securities Act and any underwriter (as defined in the Securities Act) for Buyer, against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which Buyer or any such director, officer, controlling person or underwriter may become subject under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) are caused by any untrue or alleged untrue statement of any material fact contained in any preliminary prospectus (if used prior to the effective date of the Registration Statement) or contained on the effective date thereof, in any Registration Statement under which AMNEX Shares were registered under the Securities Act, the prospectus contained therein, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arising out of or based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading; in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to Buyer by the Selling Shareholders expressly for inclusion in any of the foregoing documents, and the Selling Shareholders shall reimburse Buyer and any such underwriter, officer, director or controlling person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Selling Shareholders or any such director, officer or controlling person in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 10.5, the Selling Shareholders shall not be required to indemnify Buyer or any such underwriter, officer, director or controlling persons for any amount in excess of the amount of the proceeds received by the Selling Shareholders. 10.6. Holdback Agreement. If Buyer at any time shall register shares of stock under the Securities Act (including any registration pursuant to Sections 10.1 or 10.3) for sale to the public (other than on Form S-4 or Form S-8 promulgated under the Securities Act or any successor forms thereto), the Selling Shareholders shall not sell publicly, make any short sale of, grant publicly any option for the purchase of, or otherwise dispose publicly of, any AMNEX Shares (other than those AMNEX Shares included in such registration pursuant to Sections 10.1 or 10.3) without the prior written consent of Buyer for a period designated by Buyer in writing to the Selling Shareholders, which period shall begin not more than 10 days prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement pursuant to which such public offering shall be made and shall not last more than 90 days after the effective date of such registration statement. Buyer shall obtain the agreement of any person permitted to sell shares of stock in a registration to be bound by and to comply with this Section 10.6 as if such person was a stockholder hereunder. SECTION 11. Moving Expenses; Billing Agreements with LECs. The parties agree that the headquarters of NBE shall be relocated from Pasadena, California to Austin, Texas (the "Relocation") as promptly as practicable. 11.1. Moving Expenses. In order to provide for funding such Relocation, Buyer agrees to make a capital contribution to NBE to cover (i) reasonable moving expenses of NBE and (ii) reasonable moving expenses of NBE's employees; provided, however, that the moving expenses for each employee shall not exceed $15,000 and the moving expenses of NBE, including the moving expenses for each employee, shall not exceed $100,000 in the aggregate. 11.2. Billing Agreements with LECs. NBE will proceed to acquire billing and collection contracts from those LECs where the cost of such agreements is justified in relation to the needs of NBE except that NBE will not acquire any such LEC contract without the prior written consent of the Board of Directors of NBE, including the affirmative vote of at least one of Buyer's Appointees. SECTION 12. Board of Directors; Voting and Lock-Up Agreement. 12.1. Board of Directors. Upon consummation of this Agreement, the Board of Directors shall consist of 5 persons: Peter Izzo, Amy S. Gross and John Kane or such other persons as are nominated from time to time by Buyer (collectively, the "Buyer's Appointees") shall be appointed to the Board of Directors of NBE, and the Board of Directors of NBE shall consist of Buyer's Appointees, Everingham and Frame and the parties agree to vote their shares of NBE Stock for Buyer's Appointees, Everingham and Frame for so long as Everingham and Frame continue to own shares of NBE Stock. 12.2. Voting and Lock-up Agreement. (a) Each Selling Shareholder agrees that, except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, such Selling Shareholder shall not, directly or indirectly, sell, assign, transfer, convey, give, bequeath, hypothecate, grant a security interest in, otherwise encumber, make a short sale of, loan, grant any option for the purchase of, or otherwise dispose of, voluntarily or involuntarily, the shares NBE Stock held by such Selling Shareholder and any such transfer or attempted transfer shall be void; provided, however, that all provisions of this Section 12.2 shall terminate immediately in the event of such Selling Shareholder's death. Each Selling Shareholder further agrees that in the event that NBE or any successor entity declares a dividend or makes a distribution on NBE Stock payable in securities or subdivides or reclassifies the NBE Stock or reorganizes, consolidates, or merges with or into any other legal entity, then any securities issued to the Selling Shareholder as a result of any such event shall be subject to this Section 12.2 and shall be deemed to be such Selling Stockholder's NBE Stock. (b) Each Selling Shareholder hereby appoints Buyer as his proxy to exercise in person or by his nominees or proxies, the right to vote, such Selling Shareholder's shares of NBE Stock in favor of Buyer's Appointees to the Board of Directors of NBE. This appointment of Buyer as proxy hereunder is irrevocable and coupled with an interest and shall survive until the earlier of: (a) such Selling Shareholder's death or (b) the acquisition by Buyer of shares of all of the issued and outstanding shares of NBE Stock as provided in this Agreement. Such Selling Shareholder agrees that Buyer shall not be liable to the Selling Shareholder for the consequences of any vote cast, or consent given, by it, or any other action taken or omitted to be taken by it in its capacity as a shareholder of an issuer of securities to which this Section 12.2 applies. The provisions of this Section 12.2 shall be binding on any transferee(s) of such NBE Stock except for the shares of NBE Stock sold in compliance with Section 10 shall be sold free and clear of the proxy granted pursuant to this Section 12.2. Each certificate representing securities, to which this Section 12.2 applies, shall conspicuously bear a legend in substantially the following form: "The transfer of the common stock represented by this certificate is restricted under and subject to the terms of an agreement to which the Corporation is a party, as such agreement may be amended, supplemented, or otherwise modified from time to time (the "Agreement"). A copy of the Agreement is on file at the Corporation's office. The owner of this certificate has appointed AMNEX, Inc. as his proxy to vote the shares represented by this certificate for nomination of directors of the Corporation. This appointment is binding on transferees. The holder of this stock certificate, by his acceptance hereof, agrees to be bound by all of the provisions of the Agreement." On the Closing Date, each Selling Shareholder shall present to the Secretary of NBE each of his certificates of shares of NBE Stock to which this Section 12.2 applies and the Secretary shall affix such legend thereto. SECTION 13. Buyer's Call Right. 13.1. Buyer's Call Right; Valuation of Remaining Shares. Subject to this Section 13, Buyer has the right (the "Buyer's Call Right"), but not the obligation, to acquire or cause its designee to acquire all of the issued and outstanding shares of NBE Stock held by a Selling Shareholder or his heirs or personal representatives (the "Remaining Shares") upon the occurrence of a Sale Event with respect to such Selling Shareholder. The value of the Remaining Shares will be determined as follows: (a) if a Sale Event occurs pursuant to either clause (ii) or (iii) under the definition of Sale Event, then the value shall be based on a pro rata distribution after deducting from the gross price to be received by NBE in such sale all capital investments subsequent to the date hereof by Buyer in NBE, or (b) if a Sale Event occurs pursuant to clause (i), (iv) or (v) under the definition of Sale Event, then an independent appraiser shall be selected by mutual agreement of Selling Shareholders, or their respective heirs or personal representatives, as the case may be, and Buyer to establish a value of the Remaining Shares. If an independent appraiser cannot be agreed upon by Buyer and Selling Shareholders, or their respective heirs or personal representatives, as the case may be, within 30 days of written notice or if Buyer and Selling Shareholders, or their respective heirs or personal representatives, as the case may be, disagree with the appraisal then the parties shall submit the issue to binding arbitration. The findings of the arbitrator shall be final and binding on all parties, including their heirs and personal representatives. 13.2. Exercise of Buyer's Call Right. The Buyer's Call Right may be exercised in whole but not in part by Buyer delivering to each Selling Shareholder a notice of exercise of the Buyer's Call Right duly signed by the Buyer. The Selling Shareholders shall receive as consideration for their Remaining Shares the valuation determined pursuant to Section 13.1. Payment for the Remaining Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Buyer's Call Right shall be made by Buyer in cash or by check payable to the order of each of the Selling Shareholders for their respective Remaining Shares, upon the latter to occur of (i) receipt by NBE or AMNEX of the consideration from the Sale Event and (ii) determination of the value of the remaining Shares pursuant to Section 13.1. 13.3. Sale Event Differential. Buyer shall pay to a Selling Shareholder a Sale Event Differential (as defined below) in the event that such Selling Shareholder's Remaining Shares have been acquired pursuant to Section 13.1 as a result of a Sale Event pursuant to clause (v) under the definition of Sale Event, and within twelve months following the acquisition of such Selling Shareholder's Remaining Shares a letter of intent in connection with a Sale Event (other than pursuant to clause (v) under the definition of Sale Event) has been entered into by Buyer or NBE. "Sale Event Differential" means the amount, if any, by which (i) an amount calculated to be such Selling Shareholder's pro rata distribution of the amount that would have been received by such Selling Shareholder, if such Selling Shareholder had held such Remaining Shares until consummation of such Sale Event (other than pursuant to clause (v) under the definition of Sale Event) exceeds the amount received by the Selling Shareholder upon acquisition of his Remaining Shares. In the event of a Sale Event, the Sale Event Differential shall be paid to the Remaining Shareholder promptly following the consummation of the Sale Event. SECTION 14. Indemnification. 14.1. Indemnification by NBE and the Selling Shareholders. From and after the Closing, NBE and the Selling Shareholders jointly and severally agree to indemnify Buyer against and hold it harmless from any and all Damages which Buyer may sustain at any time by reason of (i) the breach or inaccuracy of or failure to comply with, or the existence of any facts resulting in the inaccuracy of, any of the warranties, representations, conditions, covenants or agreements of NBE and the Selling Shareholders contained in this Agreement or in any agreement or document delivered pursuant hereto or in connection herewith, or arising out of the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or (ii) any claim by a third party alleging that this Agreement or the transactions contemplated herein interfere with or violate any rights between such third party and NBE. 14.2. Indemnification by Buyer. From and after the Closing, Buyer agrees to indemnify and hold each of the Selling Shareholders harmless from and against any and all Damages which either of the Selling Shareholders may sustain at any time by reason of the breach or inaccuracy of or failure to comply with any warranties, representations, conditions, covenants or agreements of Buyer contained in this Agreement or in any agreement, certificate or document delivered pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement or arising out of the closing of the transactions contemplated hereby. 14.3. Procedures for Indemnification. In the event that any claim is asserted against any party hereto, or any party hereto is made a party defendant in any action or proceeding, and such claim, action or proceeding involves a matter which is the subject of this indemnification, then such party (an "Indemnified Party") shall give written notice to the other party hereto (the "Indemnifying Party") of such claim, action or proceeding, and such Indemnifying Party shall have the right to join in the defense of said claim, action or proceeding at such Indemnifying Party's own cost and expense and, if the Indemnifying Party agrees in writing to be bound by and to promptly pay the full amount of any final judgment from which no further appeal may be taken and if the Indemnified Party is reasonably assured of the Indemnifying Party's ability to satisfy such agreement, then at the option of the Indemnifying Party, such Indemnifying Party may take over the defense of such claim, action or proceeding, except that, in such case, the Indemnified Party shall have the right to join in the defense of said claim, action or proceeding at its own cost and expense. 14.4. Escrow Agreement. Simultaneously with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, Buyer and Selling Shareholders shall enter into the escrow agreement attached hereto as Schedule 14.4 providing for the placement of 25% of the AMNEX Shares to be issued hereunder for a period of 24 months to provide a method of funding any Damages sustained by Buyer for which NBE and the Selling Shareholders have agreed to indemnify Buyer pursuant to Section 14.1 hereof. SECTION 15. Survival of Representations; Effect of Certificates. The parties hereto agree that all representations, warranties, covenants, indemnifications, conditions and agreements contained herein or in any instrument or other document delivered pursuant to this Agreement or in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and any investigation or audit made by any party hereto. SECTION 16. No Broker; Expenses. Buyer, on the one hand, and NBE and the Selling Shareholders, on the other hand, each represents to the other that no broker or finder has been involved with any of the transactions relating to this Agreement. In the event of a claim by any broker or finder that such broker or finder represented or was retained by NBE or the Selling Shareholders, on the one hand, or Buyer, on the other hand, in connection herewith, NBE and the Selling Shareholders (jointly and severally) or Buyer, as the case may be, agrees to indemnify and hold the other harmless from and against any and all Damages which may be incurred in connection with such claim. All expenses of NBE and the Selling Shareholders incurred in connection with matters relating to the Agreement shall be borne by Selling Shareholders and all expenses of Buyer incurred in connection with matters relating to this Agreement shall be borne by Buyer. SECTION 17. Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been given when hand delivered, when received if sent by telecopier or by same day or overnight recognized commercial courier service or three business days after being mailed in any general or branch office of the United States Postal Service, enclosed in a registered or certified postpaid envelope, addressed to the address of the parties stated below or to such changed address as such party may have fixed by notice: To NBE and the Selling Stockholders: National Business Exchange, Inc. 235 East Colorado Blvd. Suite 340 Pasadena, California 91101 Fax: 818-432-5078 Attn: James E. Everingham - copy to - R. Rosser Cole, Esq. 200 North Maryland Avenue Suite 302 Glendale, California 91206 Fax: 818-500-0129 To Buyer: AMNEX, Inc. 101 Park Avenue New York, New York 10178 Fax: 212-867-1591 Attn: Amy Gross, Esq. - copy to - AMNEX, Inc. 100 West Lucerne Circle, Suite 100, Orlando, Florida 32801 Fax: 407-246-0005 Attn: John Kane Executive Vice President - copy to - Stroock & Stroock & Lavan Seven Hanover Square New York, New York 10004-2696 Fax: 212-806-6006 Attn: Susan O. Posen, Esq. provided, that any notice of change of address shall be effective only upon receipt. SECTION 18. Miscellaneous. 18.1. Entire Agreement. This Agreement, including the Exhibits and Schedules hereto, sets forth the entire agreement and understanding between the parties and merges and supersedes all prior discussions, agreements and understandings of every kind and nature among them as to the subject matter hereof, and no party shall be bound by any condition, definition, warranty or represen- tation other than as expressly provided for in this Agreement or as may be on a date on or subsequent to the date hereof duly set forth in writing signed by each party which is to be bound thereby. Unless otherwise expressly defined, terms defined in the Agreement shall have the same meanings when used in any Exhibit or Schedule and terms defined in any Exhibit or Schedule shall have the same meanings when used in the Agreement or in any other Exhibit or Schedule. This Agreement (including the Exhibits and Schedules hereto) shall not be changed, modified or amended except by a writing signed by each party to be charged and this Agreement may not be discharged except by performance in accordance with its terms or by a writing signed by each party to be charged. 18.2. Governing Law; Arbitration. THIS AGREEMENT AND ITS VALIDITY, CONSTRUCTION AND PERFORMANCE SHALL BE GOVERNED IN ALL RESPECTS BY THE LAWS OF NEW YORK, WITHOUT GIVING EFFECT TO PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAW. THE PARTIES HERETO AGREE TO ARBITRATE IN LIEU OF LITIGATION. ALL CLAIMS, CONTROVERSIES, DISPUTES, DIFFERENCES OR QUESTIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES HERETO ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THE PERFORMANCE, BREACH, CONSTRUCTION, INTERPRETATION OR EFFECT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY CLAUSE CONTAINED HEREIN, OR CONCERNING ANY SUCH RIGHTS AND LIABILITIES OF THE PARTIES HERETO, SHALL BE SUBMITTED TO BINDING ARBITRATION UNDER THE COMMERCIAL ARBITRATION RULES OF THE AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION. SUBJECT TO THE TERMS AND PROVISIONS SET FORTH HEREIN, SUCH ARBITRATOR(S) SHALL HAVE FULL POWER AND AUTHORITY TO AWARD ANY AND ALL APPROPRIATE DAMAGES AND OTHER RELIEF, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO DAMAGES FOR LOST PROFITS OR REVENUES, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, AND SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE. THE ARBITRATION PROCEEDINGS SHALL TAKE PLACE IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, NEW YORK, AND THE JUDGMENT AND DETERMINATION OF SUCH PROCEEDINGS SHALL BE BINDING ON ALL PARTIES HERETO. JUDGMENT UPON ANY AWARD RENDERED BY ANY ARBITRATOR(S) APPOINTED HEREUNDER MAY BE ENTERED INTO ANY COURT HAVING COMPETENT JURISDICTION THEREOF. ALL COSTS OF ARBITRATION SHALL BE BORNE EQUALLY BY THE ARBITRATING PARTIES HERETO, EXCEPT FOR ATTORNEYS' FEES, AS TO WHICH EACH SUCH PARTY SHALL BEAR ITS OWN COSTS. WITHIN FIFTEEN DAYS AFTER WRITTEN NOTICE BY ONE PARTY TO THE OTHER PARTY OF ITS DEMAND FOR ARBITRATION, WHICH DEMAND SHALL SET FORTH THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF ITS DESIGNATED ARBITRATOR, THE OTHER PARTY SHALL SELECT ITS DESIGNATED ARBITRATOR AND SO NOTIFY THE DEMANDING PARTY. WITHIN FIFTEEN DAYS THEREAFTER, THE TWO ARBITRATORS SO SELECTED SHALL SELECT THE THIRD ARBITRATOR. THE DISPUTE SHALL BE HEARD BY THE ARBITRATORS WITHIN SIXTY DAYS AFTER SELECTION OF THE THIRD ARBITRATOR. THE DECISION OF ANY TWO ARBITRATORS SHALL BE BINDING UPON THE PARTIES. IN DEFAULT OF EITHER SIDE NAMING ITS ARBITRATOR AS AFORESAID OR IN DEFAULT OF THE SELECTION OF THE SAID THIRD ARBITRATOR AS AFORESAID, THE AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION SHALL DESIGNATE SUCH ARBITRATOR UPON THE APPLICATION OF EITHER PARTY. 18.3. Benefit of Parties; Assignment. This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns. The Agreement may not be assigned by NBE or the Selling Shareholders except with the prior written consent of Buyer. Nothing herein contained shall confer or is intended to confer on any third party or entity which is not a party to this Agreement any rights under this Agreement. 18.4. Pronouns. Whenever the context requires, the use in this Agreement of a pronoun of any gender shall be deemed to refer also to any other gender, and the use of the singular shall be deemed to refer also to the plural. 18.5. Headings. The headings in the sections, para-graphs, Schedules and Exhibits of this Agreement are inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not constitute a part hereof. The words "herein," "hereof," "hereto" and "hereunder," and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement. 18.6. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. 18.7. Further Assurances. Buyer, NBE and the Selling Shareholders shall do and perform such further acts and execute and deliver such further instruments as may be required by law or reasonably requested by either party at such requesting party's expense to carry out and effectuate the purposes of this Agreement. 18.8. Good Faith and Fair Dealing. The parties expressly agree and covenant that good faith and fair dealing are an integral part of this Agreement and no party hereto will do anything to prevent performance or receipt of benefits by the other party. [Signature pages follow] IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed on the day and year first above written. NATIONAL BUSINESS EXCHANGE INC. By:/s/ Name: Title: AMNEX, INC. By:/s/ Name: Title: JAMES E. EVERINGHAM /s/ James E. Everingham DARYL A. FRAME /s/ Daryl A. Frame EX-3.1 3 CERTIFICATE OF AMEND. OF CERTIFICATE OF INC. CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT OF CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF AMNEX, INC. Under Section 805 of the Business Corporation Law Pursuant to the provisions of Section 805 of the Business Corporation Law, the undersigned, being the Chairman of the Board and Secretary, respectively, of AMNEX, INC. (the "Corporation"), DO HEREBY CERTIFY AND SET FORTH: 1. The name of the Corporation is AMNEX, Inc. The Corporation was formed under the name NY-Tel Communications, Inc. 2. The Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was filed by the Department of State on March 15, 1985. 3. The Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation is hereby amended by the addition of a provision stating the number, designation, relative rights, preferences and limitations of a series of Preferred Shares, $.001 par value, as fixed by the Board of Directors. 4. The foregoing amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation is effected by adding the following Section (j) to Article (4) thereof: "(j) Series L Preferred Shares. A series of Preferred Shares is hereby created, to be limited in amount to 200,000 of the 5,000,000 authorized Preferred Shares. The designation, relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations are as follows: (i) Designation of Series. The designation of the series of Preferred Shares created hereby shall be Series L Preferred Shares (hereinafter the "Series L Preferred Shares"). (ii) Dividends. The holders of Series L Preferred Shares, on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Corporation's Common Shares (based upon the number of Common Shares into which the Series L Preferred Shares are convertible), Series F Preferred Shares and any other series of Preferred Shares of the Corporation hereafter created which shall have a pari passu right with the holders of the Common Shares to receive dividends, shall be entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared by the Board of Directors. Declared but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. The rights of the holders of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be junior and subordinate to the rights of the holders of the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E and Series G Preferred Shares of the Corporation to receive dividends, as well as to the right of any other series of Preferred Shares of the Corporation hereafter created which shall have any preferential right to receive dividends before the holders of the Common Shares. (iii) Voting Rights. The holders of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote on all matters at all meetings of the shareholders of the Corporation, and shall be entitled to such number of votes for each Series L Preferred Share entitled to vote at such meetings as is set forth below, voting together with the holders of Common Shares, and other Preferred Shares who are entitled to vote, if any such shares are then outstanding, and not as a separate class, except as required by law. The number of votes to which the holders of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote for each Series L Preferred Share shall equal the number of Common Shares of the Corporation into which such Series L Preferred Share would convert upon the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Event(as hereinafter defined). 2 (iv) Redemption. The Series L Preferred Shares shall not be subject to mandatory redemption by either the Corporation or the holders thereof. (v) Conversion. (A) Mandatory Conversion Event and Price. Immediately upon the filing with the Secretary of State of New York of the Certificate of Amendment (as hereinafter defined) (the "Mandatory Conversion Event"), each Series L Preferred Share shall convert into fifteen (15) Common Shares of the Corporation (the "Conversion Ratio"), subject to adjustment as hereinafter set forth. (B) Procedure. Before any holder of Series L Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive Common Shares upon conversion, the holder shall surrender the certificate(s) therefor, duly endorsed, at the principal offices of the Corporation. Subject to the provisions hereof, effective upon the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Event (the "Effective Conversion Date"), the holder shall thereupon be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Shares issuable upon conversion, notwithstanding that the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall then be closed or that the certificate(s) representing such Common Shares shall not then be actually delivered to the holder. Subject to the provisions hereof, promptly following the Effective Conversion Date, the Corporation shall cause its transfer agent to issue and deliver to such holder of Series L Preferred Shares a 3 certificate for the number of Common Shares to which the holder shall be entitled. (C) Adjustment of Conversion Ratio. (i) In the event that the Corporation shall (a) pay any dividend on its Common Shares payable in Common Shares; (b) effect a subdivision of its outstanding shares into a greater number of Common Shares (by reclassification, stock split or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in Common Shares); (c) effect a combination or consolidation of its outstanding Common Shares into a lesser number of Common Shares (by reclassification, reverse split or otherwise); (d) issue by reclassification, exchange or substitution of its Common Shares any shares of capital stock of the Corporation or effect any other transaction having similar effect, the Conversion Ratio in effect immediately prior to such action shall be adjusted so that, in the event of the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Event at any time after the occurrence of any event described above, the holder shall be entitled to receive the Common Shares to which such holder would have been finally entitled, after giving effect to the occurrence of such event, as if such holder had converted the Series L Preferred Shares immediately prior to the occurrence of such event. An adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (C) shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination, reclassification, exchange or substitution. (ii) In case of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party, other than a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change (other than a change in par value or from par value to no par value or from no par value to par value, or as a result of subdivision or combination) in, outstanding Common Shares, then the Corporation, or such successor corporation, as the case may be, shall make appropriate provisions so that the holder of each Series L Preferred Share then outstanding 4 shall have the right to convert such share into the kind and amount of shares or other securities and property receivable upon such consolidation or merger by a holder of the number of Common Shares into which such Series L Preferred Shares might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation or merger. (D) Fractional Shares. No fractional Common Shares shall be issued upon conversion of Series L Preferred Shares. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay, in cash, an amount equal to the product of (i) such fraction of a share times (ii) the market price of one Common Share on the Effective Conversion Date. (E) Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Common Shares, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares, such number of its Common Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series L Preferred Shares; provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall preclude the Corporation from satisfying its obligations in respect of the conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares by delivery of Common Shares which are held in the treasury of the Corporation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation shall not be obligated to reserve and keep available out its authorized but unissued Common Shares, or issue, any Common Shares to the holders of the Series L Preferred Shares unless and until it shall have filed with the Secretary of State of New York a Certificate of Amendment of its Certificate of Incorporation as a result of which there will be a sufficient number of authorized Common Shares of the Corporation available for issuance upon the conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares and the exercise of any and all outstanding purchase, exchange or conversion rights for the acquisition of Common Shares of the Corporation (the "Certificate of Amendment"). 5 (F) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event that the holder shall notify the Corporation that the certificate(s) representing Series L Preferred Shares have been lost, stolen or destroyed and either (i) provide a letter, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, to the effect that he will indemnify the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith, and/or (ii) provide an indemnity bond in such amount as is reasonably required by the Corporation, the Corporation having the option of electing either (i) or (ii) or both, the Corporation may, in its sole discretion, accept such letter and/or indemnity bond in lieu of the surrender of the certificate(s) as required by this subsection (v). (G) Statutory Restrictions. The foregoing provisions for conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be subject to all applicable statutory limitations and restrictions. (vi) Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of Series L Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the assets or surplus funds of the Corporation to the holders of any Common Shares by reason of the ownership thereof, and on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E, Series F, and Series G Preferred Shares and any Series H, Series I, Series J, and/or Series K Preferred Shares hereafter authorized, an amount equal to the fixed sum of forty-five dollars and forty-five cents ($45.45) per share and no more (the "Preferential Amount"). If, upon the occurrence of such an event, the assets and funds thus distributed among the holders of Series L Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full Preferential Amount, then, the entire assets and funds of the Corporation legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be distributed ratably among such holders in accordance with the respective amounts which would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. 6 After the payment or setting apart of the full Preferential Amounts required to be paid to the holders of Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E, Series F, Series G and Series L Preferred Shares and any Series H, Series I, Series J and/or Series K Preferred Shares hereafter authorized, the holders of Common Shares or any other stock of the Corporation ranking in liquidation junior to the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E, Series F, Series G and Series L Preferred Shares and any Series H, Series I, Series J and/or Series K Preferred Shares hereafter authorized, shall be entitled to receive ratably all remaining assets or surplus funds of the Corporation. Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation, nor the sale, lease or conveyance of all or part of its assets, shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, either voluntarily or involuntarily, within the meaning of this section. (vii) Sinking Fund. The Series L Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund to be applied to their purchase or redemption." 5. This Amendment has been adopted by the Board of Directors of the Corporation under the authority granted to it pursuant to Section 502 of the Business Corporation Law. 7 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have signed this Certificate as of the 20th day of December, 1996 and affirm that the statements made herein are true under the penalties of perjury. /s/Kenneth G. Baritz Kenneth G. Baritz Chairman of the Board /s/Amy S. Gross Amy S. Gross Secretary K:\WPDOC\CORP\AMNEX\GALESI\SERIESL3.D96 8 EX-3.2 4 RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION, AS AMENDED RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF AMNEX, INC. (AS AMENDED THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 1996) (1) The name of the corporation is AMNEX, Inc. (the "Corporation"). (2) The Corporation is formed to engage in any act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the Business Corporation Law of the State of New York, provided that it is not formed to engage in any act or activity which requires the consent or approval of any state official, department, board, agency, or other body without such consent or approval first being obtained. (3) The office of the Corporation in the State of New York shall be located in the County of New York. (4) (a) The aggregate number of shares of stock which the Corporation shall have the authority to issue is Forty-five Million (45,000,000) of which Forty Million (40,000,000) are Common Shares, $.001 par value per share, and Five Million (5,000,000) are Preferred Shares, $.001 par value per share. (b) The Board of Directors hereby is vested with the authority to provide for the issuance of the Preferred Shares, at any time and from time to time, in one or more series, each of such series to have such voting powers, designations, preferences and 1 relative participating, optional, conversion and other rights, and such qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon as expressly provided in the resolution or resolutions duly adopted by the Board of Directors providing for the issuance of such shares or series thereof. The authority which hereby is vested in the Board of Directors shall include, but not be limited to, the authority to provide for the following matters relating to each series of the Preferred Shares: (i) The designation of any series. (ii) The number of shares initially constituting any such series. (iii) The increase, and the decrease, to a number not less than the number of the outstanding shares of any such series, of the number of shares constituting such series theretofore fixed. (iv) The rate or rates and the times at which dividends on the Preferred Shares or any series thereof shall be paid, and whether or not such dividends shall be cumulative, and, if such dividends shall be cumulative, the date or dates from and after which they shall accumulate. (v) Whether or not the Preferred Shares or series thereof shall be redeemable, and, if such shares shall be 2 redeemable, the terms and conditions of such redemption, including but not limited to the date or dates upon or after which such shares shall be redeemable and the amount per share which shall be payable upon such redemption, which amount may vary under different conditions and at different redemption dates. (vi) The amount payable on the Preferred Shares or series thereof in the event of the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation; provided, however, that the holders of shares ranking senior to other shares shall be entitled to be paid, or to have set apart for payment, not less than the liquidation value of such shares before the holders of the Common Shares or the holders of any other series of Preferred Shares ranking junior to such shares. (vii) Whether or not the Preferred Shares or series thereof shall have voting rights, in addition to the voting rights provided by law, and, if such shares shall have such voting rights, the terms and conditions thereof, including but not limited to the right of the holders of such shares to vote as a separate class either alone or with the holders of shares of one or more other class or series of Preferred Shares and the right to have more than one vote per share. 3 (viii) Whether or not a sinking fund shall be provided for the redemption of the Preferred Shares or series thereof, and, if such a sinking fund shall be provided, the terms and conditions thereof. (ix) Whether or not a purchase fund shall be provided for the Preferred Shares or series thereof, and, if such a purchase fund shall be provided, the terms and conditions thereof. (x) Whether or not the Preferred Shares or series thereof shall have conversion privileges, and, if such shares shall have conversion privileges, the terms and conditions of conversion, including but not limited to any provision for the adjustment of the conversion rate or the conversion price. (xi) Any other relative rights, preferences, qualifications, limitations and restrictions. (c) Series A Preferred Shares. A series of Preferred Shares is hereby created, to be limited in amount to 30,000 of the 5,000,000 authorized but unissued Preferred Shares. The designation, relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations are as follows: (i) Designation of Series. The designation of the series of Preferred Shares created hereby shall be Series A 4 Preferred Shares (hereinafter the "Series A Preferred Shares"). (ii) Dividends. (A) The holders of Series A Preferred Shares, in preference to the holders of Common Shares, shall be entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, dividends at the rate of eight dollars ($8.00) per share per annum, and no more. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, dividends on the Series A Preferred Shares shall be payable annually, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, commencing in 1993. Such dividends on the Series A Preferred Shares shall be cumulative so that if all or any part of such dividends shall not have been paid or distributed in any year, or declared and set apart, the amount of the deficiency (without interest) shall be paid or distributed, or declared and set apart, before any dividend or other distribution shall be paid upon, or declared and set apart for, Common Shares. Declared but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. (B) Except as hereinafter provided and subject to the requirements of applicable law, including, without limitation, the obtaining of any necessary approvals or consents from the holders of the Common Shares of the Corporation, any dividend declared on the Series A Preferred Shares shall be paid in cash or, at the option of the Corporation, in Common Shares of the Corporation having a market price, on the day immediately preceding the date on which such dividend is declared (the "Valuation Date"), equal to the amount of the dividend. As used herein, the term "market price" shall mean the closing selling price or, if not available, the mean of the closing bid and asked prices, or, if not available, the mean of the highest bid and lowest asked prices, of the Common Shares as quoted on a national securities exchange, or in the over-the-counter market as reported by NASDAQ or, if not available, by the National Quotation Bureau, Incorporated, as the case may be, or, if there is no selling or bid or asked price on a particular day, then the closing selling price or, if not available, the 5 mean of the closing bid and asked prices, or, if not available, the mean of the highest bid and lowest asked prices on the nearest trading date before that day and for which such prices are available, and if the Common Shares are not listed on such an exchange or traded in such a market on the Valuation Date, then the market price shall be determined by the Board of Directors by taking into consideration all relevant factors, including, but not limited to, the Corporation's net worth, prospective earning power and dividend paying capacity. (iii) Voting Rights. The holders of the Series A Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote on all matters at all meetings of the shareholders of the Corporation, and shall be entitled to such number of votes for each Series A Preferred Share entitled to vote at such meetings as is set forth below, voting together with the holders of Common Shares, and other Preferred Shares who are entitled to vote, if any such shares are then outstanding, and not as a separate class, except as required by law. The number of votes to which the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote for each Series A Preferred Share shall equal the number of Common Shares of the Corporation into which such Series A Preferred Share shall be convertible on or after October 1, 1992 (without giving effect to any reductions in the Conversion Price, as hereinafter defined, as provided for in subsection (v) (A) hereof). (iv) Redemption. (A) In the event any holder or holders of Series A Preferred Shares shall give written notice to the Corporation of an election to convert such shares into Common Shares of the Corporation as provided for in subsection (v)(B)(ii) hereof (whether or not such holder shall have theretofore surrendered the certificate(s) representing the Series A Preferred Shares for conversion), the Corporation may elect, at its option, by notice given prior to any Effective Conversion Date (as hereinafter defined) as provided in (B) below, to redeem all or any part of the outstanding Series A Preferred 6 Shares with respect to which an election to convert has been given to the Corporation at a price per share in cash equal to one hundred thirty dollars ($130.00) (the "Redemption Price") plus all accrued and unpaid dividends with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares. (B) Notice of every redemption shall be given by mailing the same to every holder of record of any shares then to be redeemed, prior to any Effective Conversion Date and not less than ten (10) nor more than thirty (30) days prior to the date fixed as the date for the redemption thereof (the "Redemption Date"), at the respective addresses of such holders as the same shall appear on the stock transfer books of the Corporation. The notice described above shall state that the shares specified in such notice will be redeemed by the Corporation at the Redemption Price plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on the Redemption Date, upon the surrender for cancellation, at the place designated in such notice, of the certificate(s) representing the shares so to be redeemed, properly endorsed for transfer, or accompanied by a proper instrument of assignment and transfer, and bearing all necessary transfer tax stamps thereto affixed and cancelled (provided, however, that such surrender shall not be required if the holder of record shall have theretofore duly surrendered the certificate(s) representing the Series A Preferred Shares in accordance with the conversion provisions set forth in subsection (v) hereof). On and after the Redemption Date, each holder of shares called for redemption shall be entitled to receive therefore, in cash, the Redemption Price, plus accrued and unpaid dividends as of the Redemption Date, upon presentation and surrender at the place designated in such notice of the certificate(s) for shares held by such holder and called for redemption, properly endorsed for transfer or accompanied by proper instruments of assignment or transfer, and bearing all necessary transfer tax stamps thereto affixed and cancelled (provided, however, that such surrender shall not be required if the holder of record shall have theretofore surrendered the certificate(s) representing the Series A Preferred Shares in accordance with the conversion provisions set forth in subsection (v) hereof). If the 7 Corporation shall give notice of redemption as aforesaid (and unless the Corporation shall fail to pay the Redemption Price of the shares duly presented for redemption, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends as of the Redemption Date, in accordance with such notice), all shares called for redemption shall be deemed to have been redeemed on the Redemption Date, whether or not the certificates for said shares shall be surrendered for redemption and cancellation, and said shares so called for redemption shall from and after said date cease to represent any interest whatever in the Corporation or its property, and the holders thereof shall have no rights other than the right to receive the Redemption Price, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends as of the Redemption Date, but without any right to receive dividends or interest thereon from or after said date. All Series A Preferred Shares redeemed under the provisions of this subsection shall be forthwith retired and cancelled. (v) Conversion. (A) Conversion Right and Price. Subject to the Corporation's redemption right as provided for in subsection (iv) hereof, each Series A Preferred Share shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time on or after October 1, 1992, at the office of the Corporation, into such number of Common Shares of the Corporation as is determined by dividing one hundred dollars ($100.00) by the Conversion Price (as hereinafter defined). For purposes hereof, the term "Conversion Price" shall mean twenty six and two-thirds cents ($.26 - 2/3), subject to adjustment as hereinafter set forth; provided, however, that, in the event the Corporation's Pre-tax Net Income (as hereinafter defined) for the twelve (12) month period ending June 30, 1993 (the "12 Month Period") shall not exceed one million dollars ($1,000,000), then, effective with the determination of the Corporation's Pre-tax Net Income for the 12 Month Period (there being no retroactive adjustment), the Conversion Price shall instead be as follows: (i) if the Corporation attains a Pre-tax Net Income for the 12 Month Period, but such Pre-tax Net 8 Income is equal to or less than one million dollars ($1,000,000), the Conversion Price shall be twenty cents ($.20); and (ii) if the Corporation does not attain a Pre-tax Net Income for the 12 Month Period, the Conversion Price shall be thirteen and one-third cents ($.13 - 1/3). For purposes hereof, the terms "Pre-tax Net Income" and "Net Loss" shall mean the Corporation's consolidated net income or loss before all taxes determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, as calculated by the Company's Chief Financial Officer, except that any pre-tax effect of certain reductions in conversion prices provided for in that certain Agreement dated as of March 11, 1992 by and among the Company, David A. Lyons, Steven G. Chrust and Friedli Corporate Finance AG, shall be excluded. For purposes hereof, the Corporation's Pre-tax Net Income or Net Loss for the fiscal quarter ending December 31, 1992 shall be deemed equal to the difference between the Corporation's Pre-tax Net Income or Net Loss for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1992, as audited and reported upon by the independent auditors of the Corporation, and the Corporation's Pre-tax Net Income or Net Loss for the nine (9) month period ending September 30, 1992. (B) Procedure. Before any holder of Series A Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive Common Shares upon conversion, the holder shall (i)(a) surrender the certificate(s) therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of the Corporation and (ii) shall give written notice to the Corporation at such office that the holder elects to convert the same into Common Shares and shall further state therein the number of Series A Preferred Shares being converted. Subject to the provisions hereof, effective thirty (30) days following the later of the receipt by the Corporation of the certificate(s) pursuant to and in accordance with (i) above and the written notice pursuant to and in accordance with (ii) above (such thirtieth (30th) day being hereinafter referred to as the "Effective Conversion Date"), the holder shall thereupon be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Shares issuable upon conversion, notwithstanding that the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall 9 then be closed or that the certificate(s) representing such Common Shares shall not then be actually delivered to the holder. Subject to the provisions hereof, immediately following the Effective Conversion Date, the Corporation shall cause its transfer agent to issue and deliver to such holder of Series A Preferred Shares a certificate(s) for the number of Common Shares to which the holder shall be entitled. Notwithstanding anything hereinabove to the contrary, in the event the Corporation shall exercise its redemption rights pursuant to subsection (iv) hereof, the Corporation shall be under no obligation to issue Common Shares to the holder and the holder's sole rights shall be as set forth under such subsection (iv). (C) Adjustment of Conversion Price. (i) In the event that the Corporation shall (i) pay any dividend on its capital stock payable in Common Shares (except with respect to the dividend payable to the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares); (ii) effect a subdivision of its outstanding shares into a greater number of Common Shares (by reclassification, stock split or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in Common Shares); (iii) effect a combination or consolidation of its outstanding Common Shares into a lesser number of Common Shares (by reclassification, reverse split or otherwise); (iv) issue by reclassification, exchange or substitution of its Common Shares any shares of capital stock of the Corporation or effect any other transaction having similar effect, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such action shall be adjusted so that upon the exercise of the conversion right hereof at any time after the occurrence of any event described above, the holder shall be entitled to receive the Common Shares to which such holder would have been finally entitled, after giving effect to the occurrence of such event, as if such holder had converted the Series A Preferred Shares immediately prior to the occurrence of such event. An adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (C) shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in 10 the case of a subdivision, combination, reclassification, exchange or substitution. (ii) In case of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party, other than a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change (other than a change in par value or from par value to no par value or from no par value to par value, or as a result of subdivision or combination) in, outstanding Common Shares, then the Corporation, or such successor corporation, as the case may be, shall make appropriate provision so that, subject to the Corporation's redemption rights described hereinabove, the holder of each Series A Preferred Share then outstanding shall have the right to convert such share into the kind and amount of shares or other securities and property receivable upon such consolidation or merger by a holder of the number of Common Shares into which such Series A Preferred Shares might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation or merger. (D) Fractional Shares. No fractional Common Shares shall be issued upon conversion of Series A Preferred Shares. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay, in cash, an amount equal to the product of (1) such fraction of a share times (2) the market price (as hereinabove defined) of one Common Share on the Effective Conversion Date. (E) Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation shall at all times use its best efforts to reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Common Shares, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares, such number of its Common Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series A Preferred Shares, and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued Common Shares shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding Series A Preferred Shares, the 11 Corporation will, as its sole obligation, subject to the requirements of applicable state law, take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued Common Shares to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes; provided, however that nothing contained herein shall preclude the Corporation from satisfying its obligations in respect of the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares by delivery of purchased Common Shares which are held in the treasury of the Corporation. (F) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event that the holder shall notify the Corporation that the certificate(s) representing Series A Preferred Shares have been lost, stolen or destroyed and either (i) provide a letter, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, to the effect that he will indemnify the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith, and/or (ii) provide an indemnity bond in such amount as is reasonably required by the Corporation, the Corporation having the option of electing either (i) or (ii) or both, the Corporation may, in its sole discretion, accept such letter and/or indemnity bond in lieu of the surrender of the certificate(s) as required by subsections (iv) and (v) hereof. (G) Statutory Restrictions. The foregoing provisions for conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares shall be subject to all applicable statutory limitations and restrictions. (vi) Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of Series A Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the assets or surplus funds of the Corporation to the holders of any Common Shares by reason of the ownership thereof, an amount equal to (1) the fixed sum of one hundred dollars ($100.00) per share and no more and (2) all accrued and unpaid dividends due with respect to the Preferred Shares (the "Preferential Amount"). If, upon the occurrence of such an event, the 12 assets and funds thus distributed among the holders of Series A Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full Preferential Amount, then, the entire assets and funds of the Corporation legally available for distribution shall be distributed ratably among the holders of Series A Preferred Shares in accordance with the respective amounts which would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. After the payment or setting apart of the full Preferential Amounts required to be paid to the holders of Series A Preferred Shares, the holders of Common Shares or any other stock of the Corporation ranking in liquidation junior to the Series A Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive ratably all remaining assets or surplus funds of the Corporation. Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation, nor the sale, lease or conveyance of all or part of its assets, shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, either voluntarily or involuntarily, within the meaning of this section. (vii) Sinking Fund. The Series A Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund to be applied to their purchase or redemption. (d) Series B Preferred Shares. A series of Preferred Shares is hereby created, to be limited in amount to 356,000 of the 5,000,000 authorized Preferred Shares. The designation, relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations are as follows: (i) Designation of Series. The designation of the series of Preferred Shares created hereby shall be Series B Preferred Shares (hereinafter the "Series B Preferred Shares"). (ii) Dividends. 13 (A) The holders of Series B Preferred Shares, in preference to the holders of Common Shares and on a pari passu basis with the holders of Series A Preferred Shares, if any, shall be entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, dividends at the rate of forty cents ($.40) per share per annum, and no more. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, dividends on the Series B Preferred Shares shall be payable annually, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, commencing in 1993. Such dividends on the Series B Preferred Shares shall be cumulative so that if all or any part of such dividends shall not have been paid or distributed in any year, or declared and set apart, the amount of the deficiency (without interest) shall be paid or distributed, or declared and set apart, before any dividend or other distribution shall be paid upon, or declared and set apart for, Common Shares. Declared but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. For dividend purposes, Series B Preferred Shares shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of issuance of the Series A Preferred Shares for which they were exchanged. (B) Except as hereinafter provided and subject to the requirements of applicable law, including, without limitation, the obtaining of any necessary approvals or consents from the holders of the Common Shares and/or Series A Preferred Shares of the Corporation, any dividend declared on the Series B Preferred Shares shall be paid in cash or, at the option of the Corporation, in Common Shares of the Corporation having a market price, on the day immediately preceding the date on which such dividend is declared (the "Valuation Date"), equal to the amount of the dividend. As used herein, the term "market price" shall mean the closing selling price or, if not available, the mean of the closing bid and asked prices, or, if not available, the mean of the highest bid and lowest asked prices, of the Common Shares as quoted on a national securities exchange, or in the over-the-counter market as reported by NASDAQ or, if not available, by the National Quotation Bureau, Incorporated, as the case may be, or, if there is no selling or bid or asked price on a particular day, then the closing selling price or, if not available, the mean of the closing bid and asked 14 prices, or, if not available, the mean of the highest bid and lowest asked prices on the nearest trading date before that day and for which such prices are available, and if the Common Shares are not listed on such an exchange or traded in such a market on the Valuation Date, then the market price shall be determined by the Board of Directors by taking into consideration all relevant factors, including, but not limited to, the Corporation's net worth, prospective earning power and dividend paying capacity. (iii) Voting Rights. The holders of the Series B Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote on all matters at all meetings of the shareholders of the Corporation, and shall be entitled to such number of votes for each Series B Preferred Share entitled to vote at such meetings as is set forth below, voting together with the holders of Common Shares, and other Preferred Shares who are entitled to vote, if any such shares are then outstanding, and not as a separate class, except as required by law. The number of votes to which the holders of the Series B Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote for each Series B Preferred Share shall equal the number of Common Shares of the Corporation into which such Series B Preferred Share is convertible. (iv) Redemption. (A) In the event any holder or holders of Series B Preferred Shares shall give written notice to the Corporation of an election to convert such shares into Common Shares of the Corporation as provided for in subsection (v)(B)(ii) hereof (whether or not such holder shall have theretofore surrendered the certificate(s) representing the Series B Preferred Shares for conversion), the Corporation may elect, at its option, by notice given prior to any Effective Conversion Date (as hereinafter defined) as provided in (B) below, to redeem all or any part of the outstanding Series B Preferred Shares with respect to which an election to convert has been given to the Corporation at a price per share in cash equal to six dollars fifty cents ($6.50) (the 1 15 "Redemption Price") plus all accrued and unpaid dividends with respect to such Series B Preferred Shares. (B) Notice of every redemption shall be given by mailing the same to every holder of record of any shares then to be redeemed, prior to any Effective Conversion Date and not less than ten (10) nor more than thirty (30) days prior to the date fixed as the date for the redemption thereof (the "Redemption Date"), at the respective addresses of such holders as the same shall appear on the stock transfer books of the Corporation. The notice described above shall state that the shares specified in such notice will be redeemed by the Corporation at the Redemption Price plus all accrued and unpaid dividends on the Redemption Date, upon the surrender for cancellation, at the place designated in such notice, of the certificate(s) representing the shares so to be redeemed, properly endorsed for transfer, or accompanied by a proper instrument of assignment and transfer, and bearing all necessary transfer tax stamps thereto affixed and cancelled (provided, however, that such surrender shall not be required if the holder of record shall have theretofore duly surrendered the certificate(s) representing the Series B Preferred Shares in accordance with the conversion provisions set forth in subsection (v) hereof). On and after the Redemption Date, each holder of shares called for redemption shall be entitled to receive therefor, in cash, the Redemption Price, plus accrued and unpaid dividends as of the Redemption Date, upon presentation and surrender at the place designated in such notice of the certificate(s) for shares held by such holder and called for redemption, properly endorsed for transfer or accompanied by proper instruments of assignment or transfer, and bearing all necessary transfer tax stamps thereto affixed and cancelled (provided, however, that such surrender shall not be required if the holder of record shall have theretofore surrendered the certificate(s) representing the Series B Preferred Shares in accordance with the conversion provisions set forth in subsection (v) hereof). If the Corporation shall give notice of redemption as aforesaid (and unless the Corporation shall fail to pay the Redemption Price of the shares duly presented for 16 redemption, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends as of the Redemption Date, in accordance with such notice), all shares called for redemption shall be deemed to have been redeemed on the Redemption Date, whether or not the certificates for said shares shall be surrendered for redemption and cancellation, and said shares so called for redemption shall from and after said date cease to represent any interest whatever in the Corporation or its property, and the holders thereof shall have no rights other than the right to receive the Redemption Price, plus all accrued and unpaid dividends as of the Redemption Date, but without any right to receive dividends or interest thereon from or after said date. All Series B Preferred Shares redeemed under the provisions of this subsection shall be forthwith retired and cancelled. (v) Conversion. (A) Conversion Right and Price. Subject to the Corporation's redemption right as provided for in subsection (iv) hereof, each Series B Preferred Share shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at the office of the Corporation, into such number of Common Shares of the Corporation as is determined by dividing five dollars ($5.00) by the Conversion Price (as hereinafter defined). For purposes hereof, the term "Conversion Price" shall mean fifty cents ($.50), subject to adjustment as hereinafter set forth. (B) Procedure. Before any holder of Series B Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive Common Shares upon conversion, the holder shall (i)(a) surrender the certificate(s) therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of the Corporation and (ii) shall give written notice to the Corporation at such office that the holder elects to convert the same into Common Shares and shall further state therein the number of Series B Preferred Shares being converted. Subject to the provisions hereof, effective thirty (30) days following the later of the receipt by the Corporation of the certificate(s) pursuant to and in accordance with (i) above and the written 17 notice pursuant to and in accordance with (ii) above, or such shorter period of time as the Board of Directors shall determine with respect to any particular conversion (such thirtieth (30th) day or end of shorter period of time being hereinafter referred to as the "Effective Conversion Date"), the holder shall thereupon be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Shares issuable upon conversion, notwithstanding that the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall then be closed or that the certificate(s) representing such Common Shares shall not then be actually delivered to the holder. Subject to the provisions hereof, immediately following the Effective Conversion Date, the Corporation shall cause its transfer agent to issue and deliver to such holder of Series B Preferred Shares a certificate(s) for the number of Common Shares to which the holder shall be entitled. Notwithstanding anything hereinabove to the contrary, in the event the Corporation shall exercise its redemption rights pursuant to subsection (iv) hereof, the Corporation shall be under no obligation to issue Common Shares to the holder and the holder's sole rights shall be as set forth under such subsection (iv). (C) Adjustment of Conversion Price. (i) In the event that the Corporation shall (i) pay any dividend on its capital stock payable in Common Shares (except with respect to the dividend payable to the holders of the Series B Preferred Shares); (ii) effect a subdivision of its outstanding shares into a greater number of Common Shares (by reclassification, stock split or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in Common Shares); (iii) effect a combination or consolidation of its outstanding Common Shares into a lesser number of Common Shares (by reclassification, reverse split or otherwise); (iv) issue by reclassification, exchange or substitution of its Common Shares any shares of capital stock of the Corporation or effect any other transaction having similar effect, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such action shall be adjusted so that upon the exercise of the conversion right hereof at any time after the occurrence of any event described above, the holder shall be entitled to receive the Common 18 Shares to which such holder would have been finally entitled, after giving effect to the occurrence of such event, as if such holder had converted the Series B Preferred Shares immediately prior to the occurrence of such event. An adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (C) shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination, reclassification, exchange or substitution. (ii) In case of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party, other than a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change (other than a change in par value or from par value to no par value or from no par value to par value, or as a result of subdivision or combination) in, outstanding Common Shares, then the Corporation, or such successor corporation, as the case may be, shall make appropriate provision so that, subject to the Corporation's redemption rights described hereinabove, the holder of each Series B Preferred Share then outstanding shall have the right to convert such share into the kind and amount of shares or other securities and property receivable upon such consolidation or merger by a holder of the number of Common Shares into which such Series B Preferred Shares might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation or merger. (D) Fractional Shares. No fractional Common Shares shall be issued upon conversion of Series B Preferred Shares. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay, in cash, an amount equal to the product of (i) such fraction of a share times (ii) the market price (as hereinabove defined) of one Common Share on the Effective Conversion Date. (E) Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation shall at all times use its best efforts to reserve and keep available out of its authorized but 19 unissued Common Shares, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series B Preferred Shares, such number of its Common Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series B Preferred Shares, and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued Common Shares shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding Series B Preferred Shares, the Corporation will, as its sole obligation, subject to the requirements of applicable state law, take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued Common Shares to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes; provided, however that nothing contained herein shall preclude the Corporation from satisfying its obligations in respect of the conversion of the Series B Preferred Shares by delivery of purchased Common Shares which are held in the treasury of the Corporation. (F) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event that the holder shall notify the Corporation that the certificate(s) representing Series B Preferred Shares have been lost, stolen or destroyed and either (i) provide a letter, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, to the effect that he will indemnify the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith, and/or (ii) provide an indemnity bond in such amount as is reasonably required by the Corporation, the Corporation having the option of electing either (i) or (ii) or both, the Corporation may, in its sole discretion, accept such letter and/or indemnity bond in lieu of the surrender of the certificate(s) as required by subsections (iv) and (v) hereof. (G) Statutory Restrictions. The foregoing provisions for conversion of the Series B Preferred Shares shall be subject to all applicable statutory limitations and restrictions. (vi) Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of Series B Preferred Shares 20 will be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the assets or surplus funds of the Corporation to the holders of any Common Shares by reason of the ownership thereof, and on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares, if any, an amount equal to (i) the fixed sum of five dollars ($5.00) per share and no more and (ii) all accrued and unpaid dividends due with respect to the Series B Preferred Shares (the "Preferential Amount"). If, upon the occurrence of such an event, the assets and funds thus distributed among the holders of Series B Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full Preferential Amount, then, the entire assets and funds of the Corporation legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series B Preferred Shares shall be distributed ratably among such holders in accordance with the respective amounts which would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. After the payment or setting apart of the full Preferential Amounts required to be paid to the holders of Series A and Series B Preferred Shares, the holders of Common Shares or any other stock of the Corporation ranking in liquidation junior to the Series A and Series B Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive ratably all remaining assets or surplus funds of the Corporation. Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation, nor the sale, lease or conveyance of all or part of its assets, shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, either voluntarily or involuntarily, within the meaning of this section. (vii) Sinking Fund. The Series B Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund to be applied to their purchase or redemption. (e) Series C Preferred Shares. A series of Preferred Shares is hereby created, to be limited in amount to 1,090,910 of the 5,000,000 authorized Preferred Shares. The designation, relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations are as follows: 21 (i) Designation of Series. The designation of the series of Preferred Shares created hereby shall be Series C Preferred Shares (hereinafter the "Series C Preferred Shares"). (ii) Dividends. (A) The holders of Series C Preferred Shares, in preference to the holders of Common Shares and on a pari passu basis with the holders of Series A Preferred Shares and Series B Preferred Shares, if any, shall be entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, dividends at the rate of twenty-seven and one-half cents ($.275) per share per annum, and no more. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, dividends on the Series C Preferred Shares shall be payable annually, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, commencing in 1994. Such dividends on the Series C Preferred Shares shall be cumulative so that if all or any part of such dividends shall not have been paid or distributed in any year, or declared and set apart, the amount of the deficiency (without interest) shall be paid or distributed, or declared and set apart, before any dividend or other distribution shall be paid upon, or declared and set apart for, Common Shares. Declared but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. (B) Except as hereinafter provided and subject to the requirements of applicable law, including, without limitation, the obtaining of any necessary approvals or consents from the holders of the Common Shares and/or Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series B Preferred Shares of the Corporation, any dividend declared on the Series C Preferred Shares shall be paid in cash or, at the option of the Corporation, in Common Shares of the Corporation having a market price, on the day immediately preceding the date on which such dividend is declared (the "Valuation Date"), equal to the amount of the dividend. As used herein, the term "market price" shall 22 mean the closing selling price or, if not available, the mean of the closing bid and asked prices, or, if not available, the mean of the highest bid and lowest asked prices, of the Common Shares as quoted on a national securities exchange, or in the over-the-counter market as reported by NASDAQ or, if not available, by the National Quotation Bureau, Incorporated, as the case may be, or, if there is no selling or bid or asked price on a particular day, then the closing selling price or, if not available, the mean of the closing bid and asked prices, or, if not available, the mean of the highest bid and lowest asked prices on the nearest trading date before that day and for which such prices are available, and if the Common Shares are not listed on such an exchange or traded in such a market on the Valuation Date, then the market price shall be determined by the Board of Directors by taking into consideration all relevant factors, including, but not limited to, the Corporation's net worth, prospective earning power and dividend paying capacity. (iii) Voting Rights. The holders of the Series C Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote on all matters at all meetings of the shareholders of the Corporation, and shall be entitled to such number of votes for each Series C Preferred Share entitled to vote at such meetings as is set forth below, voting together with the holders of Common Shares, and other Preferred Shares who are entitled to vote, if any such shares are then outstanding, and not as a separate class, except as required by law. The number of votes to which the holders of the Series C Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote for each Series C Preferred Share shall equal the number of Common Shares of the Corporation into which such Series C Preferred Share is convertible multiplied by six (6). (iv) Redemption. The Series C Preferred Shares shall not be subject to mandatory redemption by either the Corporation or the holders thereof. 23 (v) Conversion. (A) Conversion Right and Price. Each Series C Preferred Share shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at the office of the Corporation, into such number of Common Shares of the Corporation as is determined by dividing two dollars seventy-five cents ($2.75) by the Conversion Price (as hereinafter defined). For purposes hereof, the term "Conversion Price" shall mean two dollars seventy-five cents ($2.75), subject to adjustment as hereinafter set forth. (B) Procedure. Before any holder of Series C Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive Common Shares upon conversion, the holder shall (i)(a) surrender the certificate(s) therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of the Corporation and (ii) shall give written notice to the Corporation at such office that the holder elects to convert the same into Common Shares and shall further state therein the number of Series C Preferred Shares being converted. Subject to the provisions hereof, effective thirty (30) days following the later of the receipt by the Corporation of the certificate(s) pursuant to and in accordance with (i) above and the written notice pursuant to and in accordance with (ii) above, or such shorter period of time as the Board of Directors shall determine with respect to any particular conversion (such thirtieth (30th) day or end of shorter period of time being hereinafter referred to as the "Effective Conversion Date"), the holder shall thereupon be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Shares issuable upon conversion, notwithstanding that the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall then be closed or that the certificate(s) representing such Common Shares shall not then be actually delivered to the holder. Subject to the provisions hereof, immediately following the Effective Conversion Date, the Corporation shall cause its transfer agent to issue and deliver to such holder of Series C Preferred Shares a certificate(s) for the number of Common Shares to which the holder shall be entitled. (C) Adjustment of Conversion Price. (i) In the event that the Corporation shall (a) pay any dividend on its Common Shares payable in Common Shares; 24 (b) effect a subdivision of its outstanding shares into a greater number of Common Shares (by reclassification, stock split or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in Common Shares); (c) effect a combination or consolidation of its outstanding Common Shares into a lesser number of Common Shares (by reclassification, reverse split or otherwise); (d) issue by reclassification, exchange or substitution of its Common Shares any shares of capital stock of the Corporation or effect any other transaction having similar effect, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such action shall be adjusted so that upon the exercise of the conversion right hereof at any time after the occurrence of any event described above, the holder shall be entitled to receive the Common Shares to which such holder would have been finally entitled, after giving effect to the occurrence of such event, as if such holder had converted the Series C Preferred Shares immediately prior to the occurrence of such event. An adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (C) shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination, reclassification, exchange or substitution. (ii) In case of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party, other than a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change (other than a change in par value or from par value to no par value or from no par value to par value, or as a result of subdivision or combination) in, outstanding Common Shares, then the Corporation, or such successor corporation, as the case may be, shall make appropriate provision so that the holder of each Series C Preferred Share then outstanding shall have the right to convert such share into the kind and amount of shares or other securities and property receivable upon such consolidation or merger by a holder of the number of Common Shares into which such Series C Preferred Shares might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation or merger. 25 (D) Fractional Shares. No fractional Common Shares shall be issued upon conversion of Series C Preferred Shares. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay, in cash, an amount equal to the product of (i) such fraction of a share times (ii) the market price (as hereinabove defined) of one Common Share on the Effective Conversion Date. (E) Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation shall at all times use its best efforts to reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Common Shares, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series C Preferred Shares, such number of its Common Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series C Preferred Shares, and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued Common Shares shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding Series C Preferred Shares, the Corporation will, as its sole obligation, subject to the requirements of applicable state law, take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued Common Shares to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes; provided, however that nothing contained herein shall preclude the Corporation from satisfying its obligations in respect of the conversion of the Series C Preferred Shares by delivery of purchased Common Shares which are held in the treasury of the Corporation. (F) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event that the holder shall notify the Corporation that the certificate(s) representing Series C Preferred Shares have been lost, stolen or destroyed and either (i) provide a letter, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, to the effect that he will indemnify the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith, and/or (ii) provide an indemnity bond in such amount as is reasonably required by the Corporation, the Corporation having the option of electing either (i) or (ii) or both, the Corporation may, in its sole 26 discretion, accept such letter and/or indemnity bond in lieu of the surrender of the certificate(s) as required by subsections (iv) and (v) hereof. (G) Statutory Restrictions. The foregoing provisions for conversion of the Series C Preferred Shares shall be subject to all applicable statutory limitations and restrictions. (vi) Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of Series C Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the assets or surplus funds of the Corporation to the holders of any Common Shares by reason of the ownership thereof, and on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Series A and Series B Preferred Shares, if any, an amount equal to (i) the fixed sum of two dollars seventy-five ($2.75) per share and no more and (ii) all accrued and unpaid dividends due with respect to the Series C Preferred Shares (the "Preferential Amount"). If, upon the occurrence of such an event, the assets and funds thus distributed among the holders of Series C Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full Preferential Amount, then, the entire assets and funds of the Corporation legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series C Preferred Shares shall be distributed ratably among such holders in accordance with the respective amounts which would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. After the payment or setting apart of the full Preferential Amounts required to be paid to the holders of Series A, Series B and Series C Preferred Shares, the holders of Common Shares or any other stock of the Corporation ranking in liquidation junior to the Series A, Series B and Series C Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive ratably all remaining assets or surplus funds of the Corporation. Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation, nor the sale, lease or conveyance of all or part of its assets, shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the 27 affairs of the Corporation, either voluntarily or involuntarily, within the meaning of this section. (vii) Sinking Fund. The Series C Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund to be applied to their purchase or redemption. (f) Series D Preferred Shares. A series of Preferred Shares is hereby created, to be limited in amount to 1,413,337 of the 5,000,000 authorized Preferred Shares. The designation, relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations are as follows: (i) Designation of Series. The designation of the series of Preferred Shares created hereby shall be Series D Preferred Shares (hereinafter the "Series D Preferred Shares"). (ii) Dividends. (A) The holders of Series D Preferred Shares, in preference to the holders of Common Shares and on a pari passu basis with the holders of Series A Preferred Shares, Series B Preferred Shares and Series C Preferred Shares, if any, shall be entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, dividends at the rate of twenty-five cents ($.25) per share per annum, and no more. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, dividends on the Series D Preferred Shares shall be payable annually, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, commencing in 1994. Such dividends on the Series D Preferred Shares shall be cumulative so that if all or any part of such dividends shall not have been paid or distributed in any year, or declared and set apart, the amount of the deficiency (without interest) shall be paid or distributed, or declared and set apart, before any dividend or other distribution shall be paid upon, or declared and set apart for, Common Shares. Declared but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. 28 For dividend purposes, in the event Series D Preferred Shares are issued in exchange for Series C Preferred Shares, the Series D Preferred Shares shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of issuance of the Series C Preferred Shares for which they were exchanged. (B) Except as hereinafter provided and subject to the requirements of applicable law, including, without limitation, the obtaining of any necessary approvals or consents from the holders of the Common Shares and/or Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series B Preferred Shares and/or Series C Preferred Shares of the Corporation, any dividend declared on the Series D Preferred Shares shall be paid in cash or, at the option of the Corporation, in Common Shares of the Corporation having a market price, on the day immediately preceding the date on which such dividend is declared (the "Valuation Date"), equal to the amount of the dividend. As used herein, the term "market price" shall mean the closing selling price or, if not available, the mean of the closing bid and asked prices, or, if not available, the mean of the highest bid and lowest asked prices, of the Common Shares as quoted on a national securities exchange, or in the over-the-counter market as reported by NASDAQ or, if not available, by the National Quotation Bureau, Incorporated, as the case may be, or, if there is no selling or bid or asked price on a particular day, then the closing selling price or, if not available, the mean of the closing bid and asked prices, or, if not available, the mean of the highest bid and lowest asked prices on the nearest trading date before that day and for which such prices are available, and if the Common Shares are not listed on such an exchange or traded in such a market on the Valuation Date, then the market price shall be determined by the Board of Directors by taking into consideration all relevant factors, including, but not limited to, the Corporation's net worth, prospective earning power and dividend paying capacity. (iii) Voting Rights. The holders of the Series D Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote on all matters at all meetings of the shareholders of the Corporation, and 29 shall be entitled to such number of votes for each Series D Preferred Share entitled to vote at such meetings as is set forth below, voting together with the holders of Common Shares, and other Preferred Shares who are entitled to vote, if any such shares are then outstanding, and not as a separate class, except as required by law. The number of votes to which the holders of the Series D Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote for each Series D Preferred Share shall equal the number of Common Shares of the Corporation into which such Series D Preferred Share is convertible multiplied by six (6). (iv) Redemption. The Series D Preferred Shares shall not be subject to mandatory redemption by either the Corporation or the holders thereof. (v) Conversion. (A) Conversion Right and Price. Each Series D Preferred Share shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at the office of the Corporation, into such number of Common Shares of the Corporation as is determined by dividing two dollars fifty cents ($2.50) by the Conversion Price (as hereinafter defined). For purposes hereof, the term "Conversion Price" shall mean two dollars fifty cents ($2.50), subject to adjustment as hereinafter set forth. (B) Procedure. Before any holder of Series D Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive Common Shares upon conversion, the holder shall (i)(a) surrender the certificate(s) therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of the Corporation and (ii) shall give written notice to the Corporation at such office that the holder elects to convert the same into Common Shares and shall further state therein the number of Series D Preferred Shares being converted. Subject to the provisions hereof, effective thirty (30) days following the later of the receipt by the Corporation of the certificate(s) pursuant to and in accordance with (i) above and the written notice pursuant to and in accordance with (ii) above, or such shorter period of time as the Board of Directors 30 shall determine with respect to any particular conversion (such thirtieth (30th) day or end of shorter period of time being hereinafter referred to as the "Effective Conversion Date"), the holder shall thereupon be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Shares issuable upon conversion, notwithstanding that the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall then be closed or that the certificate(s) representing such Common Shares shall not then be actually delivered to the holder. Subject to the provisions hereof, immediately following the Effective Conversion Date, the Corporation shall cause its transfer agent to issue and deliver to such holder of Series D Preferred Shares a certificate(s) for the number of Common Shares to which the holder shall be entitled. (C) Adjustment of Conversion Price. (i) In the event that the Corporation shall (a) pay any dividend on its Common Shares payable in Common Shares; (b) effect a subdivision of its outstanding shares into a greater number of Common Shares (by reclassification, stock split or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in Common Shares); (c) effect a combination or consolidation of its outstanding Common Shares into a lesser number of Common Shares (by reclassification, reverse split or otherwise); (d) issue by reclassification, exchange or substitution of its Common Shares any shares of capital stock of the Corporation or effect any other transaction having similar effect, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such action shall be adjusted so that upon the exercise of the conversion right hereof at any time after the occurrence of any event described above, the holder shall be entitled to receive the Common Shares to which such holder would have been finally entitled, after giving effect to the occurrence of such event, as if such holder had converted the Series D Preferred Shares immediately prior to the occurrence of such event. An adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (C) shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination, reclassification, exchange or substitution. 31 (ii) In case of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party, other than a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change (other than a change in par value or from par value to no par value or from no par value to par value, or as a result of subdivision or combination) in, outstanding Common Shares, then the Corporation, or such successor corporation, as the case may be, shall make appropriate provision so that the holder of each Series D Preferred Share then outstanding shall have the right to convert such share into the kind and amount of shares or other securities and property receivable upon such consolidation or merger by a holder of the number of Common Shares into which such Series D Preferred Shares might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation or merger. (D) Fractional Shares. No fractional Common Shares shall be issued upon conversion of Series D Preferred Shares. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay, in cash, an amount equal to the product of (i) such fraction of a share times (ii) the market price (as hereinabove defined) of one Common Share on the Effective Conversion Date. (E) Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation shall at all times use its best efforts to reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Common Shares, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series D Preferred Shares, such number of its Common Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series D Preferred Shares, and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued Common Shares shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding Series D Preferred Shares, the Corporation will, as its sole obligation, subject to the requirements of applicable state law, take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued Common Shares to such number of shares as shall be sufficient 32 for such purposes; provided, however that nothing contained herein shall preclude the Corporation from satisfying its obligations in respect of the conversion of the Series D Preferred Shares by delivery of purchased Common Shares which are held in the treasury of the Corporation. (F) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event that the holder shall notify the Corporation that the certificate(s) representing Series D Preferred Shares have been lost, stolen or destroyed and either (i) provide a letter, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, to the effect that he will indemnify the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith, and/or (ii) provide an indemnity bond in such amount as is reasonably required by the Corporation, the Corporation having the option of electing either (i) or (ii) or both, the Corporation may, in its sole discretion, accept such letter and/or indemnity bond in lieu of the surrender of the certificate(s) as required by subsections (iv) and (v) hereof. (G) Statutory Restrictions. The foregoing provisions for conversion of the Series D Preferred Shares shall be subject to all applicable statutory limitations and restrictions. (vi) Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of Series D Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the assets or surplus funds of the Corporation to the holders of any Common Shares by reason of the ownership thereof, and on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Series A, Series B and Series C Preferred Shares, if any, an amount equal to (i) the fixed sum of two dollars fifty cents ($2.50) per share and no more and (ii) all accrued and unpaid dividends due with respect to the Series D Preferred Shares (the "Preferential Amount"). If, upon the occurrence of such an event, the assets and funds thus distributed among the holders of Series D Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the 33 full Preferential Amount, then, the entire assets and funds of the Corporation legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series D Preferred Shares shall be distributed ratably among such holders in accordance with the respective amounts which would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. After the payment or setting apart of the full Preferential Amounts required to be paid to the holders of Series A, Series B, Series C and Series D Preferred Shares, the holders of Common Shares or any other stock of the Corporation ranking in liquidation junior to the Series A, Series B, Series C and Series D Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive ratably all remaining assets or surplus funds of the Corporation. Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation, nor the sale, lease or conveyance of all or part of its assets, shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, either voluntarily or involuntarily, within the meaning of this section. (vii) Sinking Fund. The Series D Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund to be applied to their purchase or redemption. (g) Series E Preferred Shares. A series of Preferred Shares is hereby created, to be limited in amount to 1,085,000 of the 5,000,000 authorized Preferred Shares. The designation, relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations are as follows: (i) Designation of Series. The designation of the series of Preferred Shares created hereby shall be Series E Preferred Shares (hereinafter the "Series E Preferred Shares"). (ii) Dividends. 34 (A) The holders of Series E Preferred Shares, in preference to the holders of Common Shares and on a pari passu basis with the holders of Series A Preferred Shares, Series B Preferred Shares, Series C Preferred Shares and Series D Preferred Shares, if any, shall be entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, dividends at the rate of twenty-two and one-half cents ($.225) per share per annum, and no more. Subject to the requirements of applicable law, dividends on the Series E Preferred Shares shall be payable annually, when and as declared by the Board of Directors, commencing in 1996. Such dividends on the Series E Preferred Shares shall be cumulative so that if all or any part of such dividends shall not have been paid or distributed in any year, or declared and set apart, the amount of the deficiency (without interest) shall be paid or distributed, or declared and set apart, before any dividend or other distribution shall be paid upon, or declared and set apart for, Common Shares. Declared but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. (B) Except as hereinafter provided and subject to the requirements of applicable law, including, without limitation, the obtaining of any necessary approvals or consents from the holders of the Common Shares and/or Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series B Preferred Shares and/or Series C Preferred Shares and/or Series D Preferred Shares of the Corporation, any dividend declared on the Series E Preferred Shares shall be paid in cash or, at the option of the Corporation, in Common Shares of the Corporation, the number of which shall be equal to the amount of the dividend divided by the Conversion Price (as hereinafter defined) then in effect. (iii) Voting Rights. The holders of the Series E Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote on all matters at all meetings of the shareholders of the Corporation, and shall be entitled to such number of votes for each Series E Preferred Share entitled to vote at such meetings as is set forth below, voting together with the holders of Common Shares, and other Preferred Shares who are entitled to vote, if any such shares are then outstanding, and not as a separate class, except as 35 required by law. The number of votes to which the holders of the Series E Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote for each Series E Preferred Share shall equal the number of Common Shares of the Corporation into which such Series E Preferred Share is convertible. (iv) Redemption. The Series E Preferred Shares shall not be subject to mandatory redemption by either the Corporation or the holders thereof. (v) Conversion. (A) Conversion Right and Price. Each Series E Preferred Share shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at the office of the Corporation, into such number of Common Shares of the Corporation as is determined by dividing two dollars eighty-one and one-quarter cents ($2.8125) by the Conversion Price (as hereinafter defined). For purposes hereof, the term "Conversion Price" shall mean two dollars eighty-one and one-quarter cents ($2.8125), subject to adjustment as hereinafter set forth. (B) Procedure. Before any holder of Series E Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive Common Shares upon conversion, the holder shall (i)(a) surrender the certificate(s) therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of the Corporation and (ii) shall give written notice to the Corporation at such office that the holder elects to convert the same into Common Shares and shall further state therein the number of Series E Preferred Shares being converted. Subject to the provisions hereof, effective thirty (30) days following the later of the receipt by the Corporation of the certificate(s) pursuant to and in accordance with (i) above and the written notice pursuant to and in accordance with (ii) above, or such shorter period of time as the Board of Directors shall determine with respect to any particular conversion (such thirtieth (30th) day or end of shorter period of time being hereinafter referred to as the "Effective Conversion Date"), the holder shall thereupon be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Shares issuable upon conversion, notwithstanding that the stock transfer 36 books of the Corporation shall then be closed or that the certificate(s) representing such Common Shares shall not then be actually delivered to the holder. Subject to the provisions hereof, immediately following the Effective Conversion Date, the Corporation shall cause its transfer agent to issue and deliver to such holder of Series E Preferred Shares a certificate(s) for the number of Common Shares to which the holder shall be entitled. (C) Adjustment of Conversion Price. (i) In the event that the Corporation shall (a) pay any dividend on its Common Shares payable in Common Shares; (b) effect a subdivision of its outstanding shares into a greater number of Common Shares (by reclassification, stock split or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in Common Shares); (c) effect a combination or consolidation of its outstanding Common Shares into a lesser number of Common Shares (by reclassification, reverse split or otherwise); (d) issue by reclassification, exchange or substitution of its Common Shares any shares of capital stock of the Corporation or effect any other transaction having similar effect, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such action shall be adjusted so that upon the exercise of the conversion right hereof at any time after the occurrence of any event described above, the holder shall be entitled to receive the Common Shares to which such holder would have been finally entitled, after giving effect to the occurrence of such event, as if such holder had converted the Series E Preferred Shares immediately prior to the occurrence of such event. An adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (C) shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination, reclassification, exchange or substitution. (ii) In case of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party, other than a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change (other than a change 37 in par value or from par value to no par value or from no par value to par value, or as a result of subdivision or combination) in, outstanding Common Shares, then the Corporation, or such successor corporation, as the case may be, shall make appropriate provision so that the holder of each Series E Preferred Share then outstanding shall have the right to convert such share into the kind and amount of shares or other securities and property receivable upon such consolidation or merger by a holder of the number of Common Shares into which such Series E Preferred Shares might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation or merger. (iii) In the event, as of June 30, 1996, the Common Shares are listed on an Exchange or traded in the OTC Market and the June 1996 Common Share Price (as hereinafter defined) does not equal or exceed the Conversion Price then in effect, the Conversion Price shall thereupon, effective June 30, 1996, be reduced to equal the June 1996 Common Share Price. As used herein, (a) the term "June 1996 Common Share Price" shall mean the average of the "market prices" of the Common Shares of the Corporation during the last five (5) trading days immediately preceding June 30, 1996 and (b) the term "market price" shall mean the closing bid price or, if not available, the highest bid price of the Common Shares as quoted on an Exchange or in the OTC Market, as reported by NASDAQ or, if not available, by NQBI. (D) Fractional Shares. No fractional Common Shares shall be issued upon conversion of Series E Preferred Shares. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay, in cash, an amount equal to the product of (i) such fraction of a share times (ii) the market price (as hereinabove defined) of one Common Share on the Effective Conversion Date. (E) Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation shall at all times use its best efforts to reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Common Shares, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series E Preferred 38 Shares, such number of its Common Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series E Preferred Shares, and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued Common Shares shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding Series E Preferred Shares, the Corporation will, as its sole obligation, subject to the requirements of applicable state law, take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued Common Shares to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes; provided, however that nothing contained herein shall preclude the Corporation from satisfying its obligations in respect of the conversion of the Series E Preferred Shares by delivery of purchased Common Shares which are held in the treasury of the Corporation. (F) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event that the holder shall notify the Corporation that the certificate(s) representing Series E Preferred Shares have been lost, stolen or destroyed and either (i) provide a letter, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, to the effect that he will indemnify the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith, and/or (ii) provide an indemnity bond in such amount as is reasonably required by the Corporation, the Corporation having the option of electing either (i) or (ii) or both, the Corporation may, in its sole discretion, accept such letter and/or indemnity bond in lieu of the surrender of the certificate(s) as required by the subsection (v). (G) Statutory Restrictions. The foregoing provisions for conversion of the Series E Preferred Shares shall be subject to all applicable statutory limitations and restrictions. (vi) Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of Series E Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the assets or surplus funds of the 39 Corporation to the holders of any Common Shares by reason of the ownership thereof, and on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Series A, Series B, Series C and Series D Preferred Shares, if any, an amount equal to (i) the fixed sum of two dollars eighty-one and one-quarter cents ($2.8125) per share and no more and (ii) all accrued and unpaid dividends due with respect to the Series E Preferred Shares (the "Preferential Amount"). If, upon the occurrence of such an event, the assets and funds thus distributed among the holders of Series E Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full Preferential Amount, then, the entire assets and funds of the Corporation legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series E Preferred Shares shall be distributed ratably among such holders in accordance with the respective amounts which would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. After the payment or setting apart of the full Preferential Amounts required to be paid to the holders of Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D and Series E Preferred Shares, the holders of Common Shares or any other stock of the Corporation ranking in liquidation junior to the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D and Series E Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive ratably all remaining assets or surplus funds of the Corporation. Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation, nor the sale, lease or conveyance of all or part of its assets, shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, either voluntarily or involuntarily, within the meaning of this section. (vii) Sinking Fund. The Series E Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund to be applied to their purchase or redemption. (h) Series F Preferred Shares. A series of Preferred Shares is hereby created, to be limited in amount to 415,250 of the 5,000,000 authorized Preferred Shares. The designation, relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations are as follows: 40 (i) Designation of Series. The designation of the series of Preferred Shares created hereby shall be Series F Preferred Shares (hereinafter the "Series F Preferred Shares"). (ii) Dividends. The holders of Series F Preferred Shares, on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Corporation's Common Shares (based upon the number of Common Shares into which the Series F Preferred Shares are convertible), shall be entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared by the Board of Directors. Declared but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. The rights of the holders of the Series F Preferred Shares shall be junior and subordinate to the rights of the holders of the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D and Series E Preferred Shares of the Corporation to receive dividends, as well as to the right of any other series of Preferred Shares of the Corporation hereafter created which shall have any preferential right to receive dividends before the holders of the Common Shares. (iii) Voting Rights. The holders of the Series F Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote on all matters at all meetings of the shareholders of the Corporation, and shall be entitled to such number of votes for each Series F Preferred Share entitled to vote at such meetings as is set forth below, voting together with the holders of Common Shares, and other Preferred Shares who are entitled to vote, if any such shares are then outstanding, and not as a separate class, except as required by law. The number of votes to which the holders of the Series F Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote for each Series F Preferred Share shall equal the number of Common Shares of the Corporation into which such Series F Preferred Share is convertible. 41 (iv) Redemption. The Corporation may elect, at its option, at any time and from time to time, by notice given as provided below, to redeem all or any part of the outstanding Series F Preferred Shares, from any or all holders thereof, at a redemption price of five dollars ($5.00) per share (the "Redemption Price"). If the Corporation elects to redeem all or any part of the outstanding Series F Preferred Shares, notice of such redemption (the "Redemption Notice") shall be given by mailing the same to every holder of record of any shares then to be redeemed, not less than thirty (30) prior to the date fixed as the date for the redemption thereof (the "Redemption Date"), at the respective addresses of such holders as the same shall appear on the stock transfer books of the Corporation. The Redemption Notice shall state that the shares specified in such notice will be redeemed by the Corporation at the Redemption Price on the Redemption Date, upon the surrender for cancellation, at the place designated in such notice, of the certificate(s) representing the shares so to be redeemed, properly endorsed for transfer, or accompanied by a proper instrument of assignment and transfer, and bearing all necessary transfer tax stamps thereto affixed and canceled. Following receipt of the Redemption Notice and at any time before the Redemption Date, each holder of shares called for redemption may elect to convert all or any part of such shares into Common Shares of the Corporation pursuant to and in accordance with (v) below. On and after the Redemption Date, each holder of shares called for redemption who has not converted such shares shall be entitled to receive therefor, in cash, the Redemption Price upon presentation and surrender at the place designated in such notice of the certificate(s) for shares held by such holder and called for redemption, properly endorsed for transfer or accompanied by proper instruments of assignment or transfer, and bearing all necessary transfer tax stamps thereto affixed and 42 canceled. If the Corporation shall give notice of redemption as aforesaid, all shares called for redemption and not converted shall be deemed to have been redeemed on the Redemption Date, whether or not the certificates for said shares shall be surrendered for redemption and cancellation, and said shares so called for redemption shall from and after said date cease to represent any interest whatever in the Corporation or its property, and the holders thereof shall have no rights other than the right to receive the Redemption Price, without interest thereon. (v) Conversion. (A) Conversion Right and Price. Each Series F Preferred Share shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at the office of the Corporation, into such number of Common Shares of the Corporation as is determined by dividing five dollars ($5.00) by the Conversion Price (as hereinafter defined). For purposes hereof, the term "Conversion Price" shall mean five dollars ($5.00), subject to adjustment as hereinafter set forth. (B) Procedure. Before any holder of Series F Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive Common Shares upon conversion, the holder shall (i)(a) surrender the certificate(s) therefor, duly endorsed, at the office of the Corporation and (ii) shall give written notice to the Corporation at such office that the holder elects to convert the same into Common Shares and shall further state therein the number of Series F Preferred Shares being converted. Subject to the provisions hereof, effective thirty (30) days following the later of the receipt by the Corporation of the certificate(s) pursuant to and in accordance with (i) above and the written notice pursuant to and in accordance with (ii) above, or such shorter period of time as the Board of Directors shall determine with respect to any particular conversion (such thirtieth (30th) day or end of shorter period of time being hereinafter referred to as the "Effective 43 Conversion Date"), the holder shall thereupon be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Shares issuable upon conversion, notwithstanding that the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall then be closed or that the certificate(s) representing such Common Shares shall not then be actually delivered to the holder. Subject to the provisions hereof, immediately following the Effective Conversion Date, the Corporation shall cause its transfer agent to issue and deliver to such holder of Series F Preferred Shares a certificate(s) for the number of Common Shares to which the holder shall be entitled. (C) Adjustment of Conversion Price. (i) In the event that the Corporation shall (a) pay any dividend on its Common Shares payable in Common Shares; (b) effect a subdivision of its outstanding shares into a greater number of Common Shares (by reclassification, stock split or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in Common Shares); (c) effect a combination or consolidation of its outstanding Common Shares into a lesser number of Common Shares (by reclassification, reverse split or otherwise); (d) issue by reclassification, exchange or substitution of its Common Shares any shares of capital stock of the Corporation or effect any other transaction having similar effect, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to such action shall be adjusted so that upon the exercise of the conversion right hereof at any time after the occurrence of any event described above, the holder shall be entitled to receive the Common Shares to which such holder would have been finally entitled, after giving effect to the occurrence of such event, as if such holder had converted the Series F Preferred Shares immediately prior to the occurrence of such event. An adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (C) shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination, reclassification, exchange or substitution. 44 (ii) In case of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party, other than a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change (other than a change in par value or from par value to no par value or from no par value to par value, or as a result of subdivision or combination) in, outstanding Common Shares, then the Corporation, or such successor corporation, as the case may be, shall make appropriate provision so that the holder of each Series F Preferred Share then outstanding shall have the right to convert such share into the kind and amount of shares or other securities and property receivable upon such consolidation or merger by a holder of the number of Common Shares into which such Series F Preferred Shares might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation or merger. (iii) In the event, as of October 10, 1997, the Common Shares are listed on a national securities exchange (an "Exchange") or traded in the over-the-counter market (the "OTC Market") and the October 1997 Common Share Price (as hereinafter defined) does not equal or exceed the Conversion Price then in effect, the Conversion Price shall thereupon, effective October 10, 1997, be reduced to equal the October 1997 Common Share Price. As used herein, (a) the term "October 1997 Common Share Price" shall mean the average of the "market prices" of the Common Shares of the Corporation during the trading days from October 1, 1997 through October 10, 1997 and (b) the term "market price" shall mean the closing price or, if not available, the average of the closing bid and asked prices or, if not available, the average of the highest bid and lowest asked prices of the Common Shares as quoted on an Exchange or in the OTC Market, as reported by NASDAQ or, if not available, by the National Quotation Bureau, Incorporated; provided, however, that, in no event shall the Conversion Price be reduced to less than three dollars fifty cents ($3.50) per share (subject to adjustment pursuant to the provisions of subparagraphs (i) and (ii) of this paragraph (C)) pursuant to the 45 provisions of this subparagraph (iii). Any adjustment pursuant to the provisions of this subparagraph (iii) shall apply only to such Series F Preferred Shares which are outstanding as of the effective date of the adjustment and shall not apply retroactively with respect to any Series F Preferred Shares theretofore converted. (D) Fractional Shares. No fractional Common Shares shall be issued upon conversion of Series F Preferred Shares. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay, in cash, an amount equal to the product of (i) such fraction of a share times (ii) the market price (as hereinabove defined) of one Common Share on the Effective Conversion Date. (E) Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation shall at all times use its best efforts to reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Common Shares, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series F Preferred Shares, such number of its Common Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series F Preferred Shares, and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued Common Shares shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then outstanding Series F Preferred Shares, the Corporation will, as its sole obligation, subject to the requirements of applicable state law, take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued Common Shares to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes; provided, however that nothing contained herein shall preclude the Corporation from satisfying its obligations in respect of the conversion of the Series F Preferred Shares by delivery of purchased Common Shares which are held in the treasury of the Corporation. (F) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event that the holder shall notify the Corporation that 46 the certificate(s) representing Series F Preferred Shares have been lost, stolen or destroyed and either (i) provide a letter, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, to the effect that he will indemnify the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith, and/or (ii) provide an indemnity bond in such amount as is reasonably required by the Corporation, the Corporation having the option of electing either (i) or (ii) or both, the Corporation may, in its sole discretion, accept such letter and/or indemnity bond in lieu of the surrender of the certificate(s) as required by this subsection (v). (G) Statutory Restrictions. The foregoing provisions for conversion of the Series F Preferred Shares shall be subject to all applicable statutory limitations and restrictions. (vi) Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of Series F Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the assets or surplus funds of the Corporation to the holders of any Common Shares by reason of the ownership thereof, and on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D and Series E Preferred Shares, if any, an amount equal to the fixed sum of five dollars ($5.00) per share and no more (the "Preferential Amount"). If, upon the occurrence of such an event, the assets and funds thus distributed among the holders of Series F Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full Preferential Amount, then, the entire assets and funds of the Corporation legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series F Preferred Shares shall be distributed ratably among such holders in accordance with the respective amounts which would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. After the payment or setting apart of the full Preferential Amounts required to be paid to the holders of Series A, Series B, Series 47 C, Series D, Series E and Series F Preferred Shares, the holders of Common Shares or any other stock of the Corporation ranking in liquidation junior to the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E and Series F Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive ratably all remaining assets or surplus funds of the Corporation. Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation, nor the sale, lease or conveyance of all or part of its assets, shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, either voluntarily or involuntarily, within the meaning of this section. (vii) Sinking Fund. The Series F Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund to be applied to their purchase or redemption. (i) Series G Preferred Shares. A series of Preferred Stock is hereby created, to be limited in amount to 145,000 of the 5,000,000 authorized shares of Preferred Stock. The designation, relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations are as follows: Section 1. Designation, Amount and Par Value. The --------------------------------- series of Preferred Stock shall be designated as the Series G Convertible Preferred Stock (the "Series G Preferred Stock"), and the number of shares so designated shall be 145,000, of which 20,000 is reserved for issuance solely for payment of stock dividends, if any, hereunder. The par value of each share of Preferred Stock shall be $.001. Each share of Preferred Stock shall have a stated value of $20 per share (the "Stated Value"). The Series G Preferred Stock shall rank, with respect to dividends and distributions upon a Liquidation (as hereinafter defined) or otherwise, pari passu with each other series of preferred stock of the Company outstanding as of the Original Issue Date, including without limitation the Company's Series B Preferred Stock, Series D Preferred Stock, Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred 48 Stock, and shall rank pari passu with respect to dividends and distributions upon a Liquidation or otherwise with each other series of preferred stock of the Company hereafter created unless the terms of such other series of preferred stock expressly states that such series ranks junior to the Series G Preferred Stock. All such other series of preferred stock ranking pari passu with the Series G Preferred Stock is referred to as the "Other Preferred Stock." Section 2. Dividends. ---------------------- (a) Holders of Series G Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, when and as declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available therefor, and the Company shall pay, cumulative dividends at the rate per share (as a percentage of the Stated Value per share) equal to 5% per annum, payable, in cash or (at the Company's option) shares of Common Stock or additional Series G Preferred Stock, which the Company shall immediately convert into shares of Common Stock at the Conversion Ratio (as hereinafter defined), in arrears on the Conversion Date (as hereinafter defined) without interest. Dividends on the Series G Preferred Stock shall accrue daily commencing the Original Issue Date (as defined in Section 7) and shall be deemed to accrue on such date whether or not earned or declared and whether or not there are profits, surplus or other funds of the Company legally available for the payment of dividends. The party that holds the Series G Preferred Stock on an applicable record date for any dividend payment will be entitled to receive such dividend payment and any other accrued and unpaid dividends which accrued prior to such dividend payment date, without regard to any sale or disposition of such Series G Preferred Stock subsequent to the applicable record date but prior to the applicable dividend payment date. Except as otherwise provided herein, if at any time the Company pays less than the total amount of dividends then accrued to the Series G Preferred Stock, such payment shall be distributed ratably among the holders of such series based upon the number of shares held by each holder. (b) So long as any Series G Preferred Stock shall remain outstanding, neither the Company nor any subsidiary thereof shall redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire directly or indirectly any Junior Securities (as defined in Section 7), nor shall the Company 49 directly or indirectly pay or declare any dividend or make any distribution (other than a dividend or distribution described in Section 5) upon, nor shall any distribution be made in respect of, any Junior Securities, nor shall any monies be set aside for or applied to the purchase or redemption (through a sinking fund or otherwise) of any Junior Securities unless all dividends on the Series G Preferred Stock for all past dividend periods shall have been paid. Section 3. Voting Rights. The holders of Series G Preferred --------------------------- Stock shall be entitled vote on all matters for which holders of the Company's Common Stock are entitled to vote, and shall vote together with such Common Stock as a single class. Each share of Series G Preferred Stock shall be entitled to the number of votes on such matters as equals the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of such share of Series G Preferred Stock had such share been converted on the Original Issue Date in accordance with the terms hereof. So long as any shares of Series G Preferred Stock are outstanding, the Company shall not, without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of the Series G Preferred Stock then outstanding, (i) alter or change adversely the powers, preferences or rights given to the Series G Preferred Stock (except that the foregoing shall not be construed to limit the ability of the Company, without the vote of such holders, to grant such voting rights or, subject to the other provisions set forth herein, conversion rights, as it may determine with regard to shares of its capital stock now or hereafter authorized) or (ii) authorize or create any class of stock ranking as to dividends or distribution of assets upon a Liquidation (as defined below) senior to, or prior to the Series G Preferred Stock. Section 4. Liquidation. Upon any liquidation, dissolution or ----------------------- winding-up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary (a "Liquidation"), the holders of shares of Series G Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive out of the assets of the Company, whether such assets are capital or surplus, for each share of Series G Preferred Stock an amount equal to the Stated Value, plus an amount equal to accrued but unpaid dividends per share, whether declared or not, but without interest, before any distribution or payment shall be made to the holders of any Junior Securities, and if the assets of the Company shall be insufficient to pay in full such amounts, then the entire assets to be 50 distributed shall be distributed among the holders of Series G Preferred Stock ratably in accordance with the respective amounts that would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. A sale, conveyance or disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or the effectuation by the Company of a transaction or series of related transactions in which more than 50% of the voting power of the Company is disposed of shall be deemed a Liquidation; provided that, a consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any other company or companies shall not be treated as a Liquidation, but instead shall be subject to the provisions of Section 5. The Company shall mail written notice of any such liquidation, not less than 45 days prior to the payment date stated therein, to each record holder of Series G Preferred Stock. Section 5. Conversion. ----------------------- (a) Each share of Preferred Stock shall be convertible into shares of Common Stock at the Conversion Ratio at the option of the holder in whole or in part at any time after the expiration of the earlier to occur of (i) 90 days after the Original Issue Date and (ii) the date that the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") declares effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), the registration statement (the "Registration Statement") contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement (the "Registration Rights Agreement"), by and between the Company and the original holder of Series G Preferred Stock relating to the Series G Preferred Stock and the shares of Common Stock into which the Series G Preferred Stock is convertible in accordance with the terms hereof. Any conversion under this Section 5(a) shall be of a minimum amount of at least 1,000 shares of Series G Preferred Stock. The holder shall effect conversions by surrendering the certificate or certificates representing the shares of Series G Preferred Stock to be converted to the Company, together with the form of conversion notice attached hereto as Exhibit A (the "Holder Conversion Notice") in the manner set forth in Section 5(j). Each Holder Conversion Notice shall specify the number of shares of Series G Preferred Stock to be converted and the date on which such conversion is to be effected, which date may not be prior to the date the holder delivers such Notice by facsimile (the "Holder Conversion Date"). Subject to Section 5(c) and, as to the original holder (or its sole designee), subject to 51 Section 3.11 of the Purchase Agreement (as defined in Section 7), each Holder Conversion Notice, once given, shall be irrevocable. If the holder is converting less than all shares of Series G Preferred Stock represented by the certificate or certificates tendered by the holder with the Holder Conversion Notice, the Company shall promptly deliver to the holder a certificate for such number of shares as have not been converted. (b) Provided that 10 Trading Days shall have elapsed from the date the Commission declared the Registration Statement effective under the Securities Act, each share of the Series G Preferred Stock shall be convertible into shares of Common Stock at the Conversion Ratio at the option of the Company in whole or in part at any time on or after the expiration of one year after the Original Issue Date; provided, however, that the Company is not permitted to deliver a Company Conversion Notice (as defined below) within 10 days of issuing any press release or other public statement relating to such conversion. The Company shall effect such conversion by delivering to the holders of such shares of Series G Preferred Stock to be converted a written notice in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the "Company Conversion Notice"), which Company Conversion Notice, once given, shall be irrevocable. Each Company Conversion Notice shall specify the number of shares of Preferred Stock to be converted and the date on which such conversion is to be effected, which date will be at least one Trading Day after the date the Company delivers such Notice by facsimile to the holder (the "Company Conversion Date"). The Company shall give such Company Conversion Notice in accordance with Section 5(j) below at least one Trading Day before the Company Conversion Date. Any such conversion shall be effected on a pro rata basis among the holders of Series G Preferred Stock. Upon the conversion of shares of Series G Preferred Stock pursuant to a Company Conversion Notice, the holders of the Series G Preferred Stock shall surrender the certificates representing such shares at the office of the Company or of any transfer agent for the Series G Preferred Stock or Common Stock. If the Company is converting less than all shares of the Series G Preferred Stock, the Company shall, upon conversion of such shares subject to such Company Conversion Notice and receipt of the certificate or certificates representing such shares of Series G Preferred Stock deliver to the holder or holders a certificate for such number of shares of Series G Preferred Stock as have not been converted. Each of a Holder 52 Conversion Notice and a Company Conversion Notice is sometimes referred to herein as a "Conversion Notice," and each of a "Holder Conversion Date" and a "Company Conversion Date" is sometimes referred to herein as a "Conversion Date." (c) (i) If on any Conversion Date for any shares of Series G Preferred Stock applicable to any conversion under Section 5(a) or 5(b), the average Per Share Market Value of the Common Stock for the five (5) Trading Days immediately preceding the Conversion Date exceeds 150% of the Initial Conversion Price (as hereinafter defined), the number of shares issuable upon conversion of such shares of Series G Preferred Stock shall be reduced by a number of shares equal to 50% of (A) the amount by which such Per Share Market Value exceeds 150% of the Initial Conversion Price, divided by (B) such average Per Share Market Value, times (C) the number of shares which would otherwise be issuable upon such conversion, but for the reduction provided for in this Section 5(c)(i). (ii) Not later than three Trading Days after the Conversion Date, the Company will deliver to the holder (i) a certificate or certificates which shall be free of restrictive legends and trading restrictions (other than those then required by law and as set forth in the Purchase Agreement), representing the number of shares of Common Stock being acquired upon the conversion of shares of Series G Preferred Stock and (ii) one or more certificates representing the number of shares of Series G Preferred Stock not converted; provided, however that the Company shall not be obligated to issue certificates evidencing the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of any shares of Series G Preferred Stock until certificates evidencing such shares of Series G Preferred Stock are either delivered for conversion to the Company or any transfer agent for the Series G Preferred Stock or Common Stock, or the holder notifies the Company that such certificates have been lost, stolen or destroyed and provides a bond (or other adequate security reasonably acceptable to the Company) satisfactory to the Company to indemnify the Company from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith. The Company shall, upon request of the holder, use its best efforts to deliver any certificate or certificates required to be delivered by the Company under this Section 5(c) electronically through the Depository Trust Corporation or another established clearing corporation performing similar functions. In the case of a 53 conversion pursuant to a Holder Conversion Notice, if such certificate or certificates are not delivered by the date required under this Section 5(c), the holder shall be entitled by written notice to the Company at any time on or before such holder's receipt of such certificate or certificates thereafter, to rescind such conversion, in which event the Company shall immediately return the certificates representing the shares of Preferred Stock tendered for conversion. (d) (i) The conversion price for each share of Series G Preferred Stock (the "Conversion Price") in effect on any Conversion Date shall be the lesser of (a) the average Per Share Market Value for the five (5) Trading Days immediately preceding the Original Issuance Date (the "Initial Conversion Price") and (b) 80% of the average Per Share Market Value for the five (5) Trading Days immediately preceding the Conversion Date; provided, however, that the percentage set forth in clause (b) above is subject to reduction in accordance with the Registration Rights Agreement. (ii) If the Company, at any time while any shares of Series G Preferred Stock are outstanding, (a) shall pay a stock dividend or otherwise make a distribution or distributions on shares of its Junior Securities payable in shares of its capital stock (whether payable in shares of its Common Stock or of capital stock of any class), (b) subdivide outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (c) combine outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (d) issue by reclassification of shares of Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, the Initial Conversion Price designated in Section 5(d)(i)(a) shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 5(d)(ii) shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or reclassification. (iii) If the Company, at any time while any shares of Series G Preferred Stock are outstanding, shall issue rights or 54 warrants to all holders of Common Stock (and not to the holders of the Series G Preferred Stock) entitling them to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock at a price per share less than the Per Share Market Value of Common Stock at the record date mentioned below, the Initial Conversion Price designated in Section 5(d)(i)(a) shall be multiplied by a fraction, of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding on the date of issuance of such rights or warrants plus the number of additional shares of Common Stock offered for subscription or purchase, and of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding on the date of issuance of such rights or warrants plus the number of shares which the aggregate offering price of the total number of shares so offered would purchase at such Per Share Market Value. Such adjustment shall be made whenever such rights or warrants are issued, and shall become effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants. However, upon the expiration of any right or warrant to purchase Common Stock the issuance of which resulted in an adjustment in the Initial Conversion Price designated in Section 5(d)(i)(a) pursuant to this Section 5(d)(iii), if any such right or warrant shall expire and shall not have been exercised, the Initial Conversion Price designated in Section 5(d)(i)(a) shall immediately upon such expiration be recomputed and effective immediately upon such expiration be increased to the price which it would have been (but reflecting any other adjustments in the Conversion Price made pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5 after the issuance of such rights or warrants) had the adjustment of the Conversion Price made upon the issuance of such rights or warrants been made on the basis of offering for subscription or purchase only that number of shares of Common Stock actually purchased upon the exercise of such rights or warrants actually exercised. (iv) If the Company, at any time while shares of Series G Preferred Stock are outstanding, shall distribute to all holders of Common Stock (and not to holders of Series G Preferred Stock) evidences of its indebtedness or assets or rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any security (excluding those referred to in Section 5(d)(iii) above) then in each such case the Initial Conversion Price at which each share of Series G Preferred Stock shall thereafter be convertible shall be determined by 55 multiplying the Initial Conversion Price in effect immediately prior to the record date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to receive such distribution by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the Per Share Market Value of Common Stock determined as of the record date mentioned above, and of which the numerator shall be such Per Share Market Value of the Common Stock on such record date less the then fair market value at such record date of the portion of such assets or evidence of indebtedness so distributed applicable to one outstanding share of Common Stock as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith; provided, however that in the event of a distribution exceeding ten percent (10%) of the net assets of the Company, such fair market value shall be determined by a nationally recognized or major regional investment banking firm or firm of independent certified public accountants of recognized standing (which may be the firm that regularly examines the financial statements of the Company) (an "Appraiser") selected in good faith by the holders of a majority in interest of the shares of Series G Preferred Stock; and provided, further that the Company, after receipt of the determination by such Appraiser shall have the right to select an additional Appraiser, in which case the fair market value shall be equal to the average of the determinations by each such Appraiser. In either case the adjustments shall be described in a statement provided to all holders of Preferred Stock of the portion of assets or evidences of indebtedness so distributed or such subscription rights applicable to one share of Common Stock. Such adjustment shall be made whenever any such distribution is made and shall become effective immediately after the record date mentioned above. (v) All calculations under this Section 5 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be. (vi) Whenever the Initial Conversion Price is adjusted pursuant to Section 5(d)(ii),(iii), (iv) or (v), the Company shall promptly mail to each holder of Series G Preferred Stock, a notice setting forth the Initial Conversion Price after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment. (vii) In case of any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger of the Company with or 56 into another person, the sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property, the holders of the Series G Preferred Stock then outstanding shall have the right thereafter to convert such shares only into the shares of stock and other securities and property receivable upon or deemed to be held by holders of Common Stock following such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange, and the holders of the Series G Preferred Stock shall be entitled upon such event to receive such amount of securities or property as the shares of the Common Stock of the Company into which such shares of Series G Preferred Stock could have been converted immediately prior to such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange would have been entitled. The terms of any such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange shall include such terms so as to continue to give to the holder of Series G Preferred Stock the right to receive the securities or property set forth in this Section 5(d)(vii) upon any conversion following such consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange. This provision shall similarly apply to successive reclassifications, consolidations, mergers, sales, transfers or share exchanges. (viii) If: (a) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution) on its Common Stock; or (b) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of its Common Stock; or (c) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of capital stock of any class or of any rights; or (d) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock of the Company 57 (other than a subdivision or combination of the outstanding shares of Common Stock), any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted into other securities, cash or property; or (e) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or winding- up of the affairs of the Company; then the Company shall cause to be filed at each office or agency maintained for the purpose of conversion of Series G Preferred Stock, and shall cause to be mailed to the holders of Preferred Stock at their last addresses as they shall appear upon the stock books of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined, or (y) the date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, share exchange, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is expected to become effective, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares of Common Stock for securities or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, share exchange, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up; provided, however, that the failure to mail such notice or any defect therein or in the mailing thereof shall not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. (ix) In any case in which this Section shall require that an adjustment be made effective as of the record date for a specified event, the Company may elect to defer until occurrence of 58 such event (A) issuing to the holder, if Series G Preferred Stock is to be converted after such record date, the Underlying Shares and other capital stock of the Company, if any, issuable upon such conversion over and above the Underlying Shares and other capital stock of the Company, if any, issuable upon such conversion thereof on the basis of the Conversion Price prior to adjustment and (B) paying to the holder any amount in cash in lieu of a fractional share pursuant to the terms hereof, provided, however, that the Company shall deliver to the holder a due bill or other appropriate instrument evidencing the holder's right to receive such additional Underlying Shares, other capital stock and/or cash upon the occurrence of the event requiring such adjustment. (e) If at any time conditions shall arise by reason of action taken by the Company which in the opinion of the Board of Directors are not adequately covered by the other provisions hereof and which might materially and adversely affect the rights of the holders of Series G Preferred Stock (different than or distinguished from the effect generally on rights of holders of any class of the Company's capital stock) or if at any time any such conditions are expected to arise by reason of any action contemplated by the Company, the Company shall mail a written notice briefly describing the action contemplated and the material adverse effects of such action on the rights of the holders of Series G Preferred Stock at least 20 calendar days prior to the effective date of such action, and an Appraiser selected by the holders of majority in interest of the Series G Preferred Stock shall give its opinion as to the adjustment, if any (not inconsistent with the standards established in this Section 5), of the Conversion Price (including, if necessary, any adjustment as to the securities into which shares of Series G Preferred Stock may thereafter be convertible) and any distribution which is or would be required to preserve without diluting the rights of the holders of shares of Series G Preferred Stock; provided, however, that the Company, after receipt of the determination by such Appraiser, shall have the right to select an additional Appraiser, in which case the adjustment shall be equal to the average of the adjustments recommended by each such Appraiser. The Board of Directors shall make the adjustment recommended forthwith upon the receipt of such opinion or opinions or the taking of any such action contemplated, as the case may be; provided, however, that no such adjustment of the Conversion Price shall be made which in the 59 opinion of the Appraiser(s) giving the aforesaid opinion or opinions would result in an increase of the Conversion Price to more than the Conversion Price then in effect. (f) The Company covenants that it will at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock solely for the purpose of issuance upon conversion of Series G Preferred Stock as herein provided, free from preemptive rights or any other actual contingent purchase rights of persons other than the holders of Series G Preferred Stock, such number of shares of Common Stock as shall be issuable (taking into account the adjustments and restrictions of Section 5(b) and Section 5(d) hereof) upon the conversion of all outstanding shares of Series G Preferred Stock, and in no circumstances shall such reserved and available shares of Common Stock be less than twice the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon conversion of the Series G Preferred Stock were such conversion effected on the Original Issue Date. The Company covenants that all shares of Common Stock that shall be so issuable shall, upon issue, be duly and validly authorized, issued and fully paid and nonassessable. (g) Upon a conversion hereunder the Company shall not be required to issue stock certificates representing fractions of shares of Common Stock, but may if otherwise permitted, make a cash payment in respect of any final fraction of a share based on the Per Share Market Value at such time. If the Company elects not, or is unable, to make such a cash payment, the holder of a share of Series G Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, in lieu of the final fraction of a share, one whole share of Common Stock. (h) The issuance of certificates for shares of Common Stock on conversion of Series G Preferred Stock shall be made without charge to the holders thereof for any documentary stamp or similar taxes that may be payable in respect of the issue or delivery of such certificate, provided that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax that may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of any such certificate upon conversion in a name other than that of the holder of such shares of Preferred Stock so converted and the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver such certificates unless or until the person or persons requesting the issuance thereof shall have paid to the Company the amount of such tax or shall have established to the satisfaction of the Company that such tax has been paid. 60 (i) Shares of Series G Preferred Stock converted into Common Stock or redeemed pursuant to the terms hereof shall be canceled and shall have the status of authorized but unissued shares of preferred stock. (j) Each Holder Conversion Notice shall be given by facsimile and by mail, postage prepaid, addressed to the attention of the Chief Financial Officer of the Company at the facsimile telephone number and address of the principal place of business of the Company. Each Company Conversion Notice shall be given by facsimile and by mail, postage prepaid, addressed to each holder of Series G Preferred Stock at the facsimile telephone number and address of such holder appearing on the books of the Company or provided to the Company by such holder for the purpose of such Company Conversion Notice, or if no such facsimile telephone number or address appears or is so provided, at the principal place of business of the holder. Any such notice shall be deemed given and effective upon the earliest to occur of (i)(a) if such Conversion Notice is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile telephone number specified in this Section 5(j) prior to 6:00 p.m. (Eastern Standard Time) on any date, such date (or, in the case of a Company Conversion Notice, the next Trading Day) or such later date as is specified in the Conversion Notice, and (b) if such Conversion Notice is delivered via facsimile at the facsimile telephone number specified in this Section 5(j) after 6:00 p.m. (Eastern Standard Time) on any date, the next date (or, in the case of a Company Conversion Notice, the next Trading Day after such next day) or such later date as is specified in the Conversion Notice, (ii) five days after deposit in the United States mails or (iii) upon actual receipt by the party to whom such notice is required to be given. Section 6. Company Redemption Option. -------------------------------------- The Company may, at its option, redeem any outstanding and unconverted Series G Preferred Stock on the third anniversary of the Original Issue Date (the "Optional Redemption Date"), provided that the Company notifies the holders thereof no later than the third business day prior to the Optional Redemption Date of its intention to do so. 61 If the Company elects to redeem such outstanding and unconverted shares of Series G Preferred Stock, the redemption price per share (the "Optional Redemption Price") shall equal the Conversion Price on the Optional Redemption Date and shall be paid by the Company to the holders of such unconverted Series G Preferred Stock on the Optional Redemption Date. If any portion of the Optional Redemption Price shall not be paid by the Company within 7 calendar days after the Optional Redemption Date, such Optional Redemption Price shall be increased by an amount accruing from the 7th day to the 21st day after the Optional Redemption Date at the rate of 5% per annum, from the 22nd day to the 60th day at 8% per annum and from the 61st day until paid at the rate of 12% per annum. However, if any portion of the Optional Redemption Price remains unpaid more than 7 calendar days after the Optional Redemption Date, then the holder may elect, by written notice to the Company given within 45 days after the Optional Redemption Date, to either (i) demand conversion in accordance with the formula and the time frame therefor set forth in Section 5 for a conversion at the option of the holder hereof of all Series G Preferred Shares for which the Optional Redemption Price, plus interest, has not been paid in full (the "Unpaid Optional Redemption Shares"), in which event the Per Share Market Price for such shares shall be the lower of the Per Share Market Price calculated on the Optional Redemption Date and the Per Share Market Price as of the holder's written demand for conversion, or (ii) demand that the Company withdraw its election to force such redemption. If the holder elects option (i) above, the Company shall within three business days of its receipt of such election deliver to the holder the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Unpaid Shares subject to such holder conversion demand and otherwise perform its obligations hereunder with respect thereto; or, if the Holder elects option (ii) above, the Company shall promptly, and in any event not later than three business days from receipt of holder's notice of such election, return to the holder all of the Unpaid Optional Redemption Shares. Section 7. Definitions. For the purposes hereof, the ----------------------- following terms shall have the following meanings: "Common Stock" means shares now or hereafter authorized of the class of Common Stock, par value $.001, of the Company and 62 stock of any other class into which such shares may hereafter have been reclassified or changed. "Conversion Ratio" means, at any time, a fraction, of which the numerator is Stated Value plus accrued but unpaid dividends (which shall not include dividends paid upon conversion) and of which the denominator is the Conversion Price at such time. "Junior Securities" means the Common Stock and all other equity securities of the Company, except the Other Preferred Stock. "Original Issue Date" shall mean the date of the first issuance of any shares of the Series G Preferred Stock regardless of the number of transfers of any particular shares of Series G Preferred Stock and regardless of the number of certificates which may be issued to evidence such Series G Preferred Stock. "Per Share Market Value" means on any particular date (a) the closing bid price per share of the Common Stock on such date on The NASDAQ SmallCap Market or other market or stock exchange on which the Common Stock has been listed or if there is no such price on such date, then the closing bid price on such market or exchange on the date nearest preceding such date, or (b) if the Common Stock is not listed on The NASDAQ SmallCap Market or any market or stock exchange, the closing bid for a share of Common Stock in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market at the close of business on such date, or (c) if the Common Stock is not quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Market, the closing bid price for a share of Common Stock in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau Incorporated (or similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), of (d) if the Common Stock is no longer reported by the National Quotation Bureau Incorporated (or similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), then the average of the "Pink Sheet" quotes for the relevant conversion period as determined by the holder, or (e) if the Common Stock is no longer publicly traded the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an Appraiser (as defined in Section 5(d)(iv) above) selected in good faith by the holders of a majority in interest of the shares of the Series G Preferred Stock; provided, however, that the Company, after receipt of the determination by such Appraiser, shall have the right to select an additional Appraiser, in which 63 case, the fair market value shall be equal to the average of the determinations by each such Appraiser. "Person" means a corporation, an association, a partnership, organization, a business, an individual, a government or political subdivision thereof or a governmental agency. "Purchase Agreement" means the Convertible Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement between the Company and the original holder of the Series G Preferred Stock. "Trading Day" means (a) a day on which the Common Stock is traded on The NASDAQ SmallCap Market or principal stock exchange on which the Common Stock has been listed, or (b) if the Common Stock is not listed on The NASDAQ SmallCap Market or any stock exchange, a day on which the Common Stock is traded in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market, or (c) if the Common Stock is not quoted on the NASDAQ Stock Market, a day on which the Common Stock is quoted in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National Quotation Bureau Incorporated (or any similar organization or agency succeeding its functions of reporting prices). 64 EXHIBIT A NOTICE OF CONVERSION AT THE ELECTION OF HOLDER (To be Executed by the Registered Holder in order to Convert shares of Series G Preferred Stock) The undersigned hereby elects to convert the number of shares of Series G Convertible Preferred Stock indicated below, into shares of Common Stock, par value U.S.$.001 per share (the "Common Stock"), of AMNEX, Inc. (the "Company") according to the conditions hereof, as of the date written below. If shares are to be issued in the name of a person other than undersigned, the undersigned will pay all transfer taxes payable with respect thereto and is delivering herewith such certificates and opinions as reasonably requested by the Company in accordance therewith. No fee will be charged to the Holder for any conversion, except for such transfer taxes, if any. Conversion calculations: ___________________________________________________ Date to Effect Conversion --------------------------------------------------- Number of shares of Series G Preferred Stock to be Converted --------------------------------------------------- Applicable Conversion Price --------------------------------------------------- Signature --------------------------------------------------- Name: --------------------------------------------------- Address: The Company undertakes to promptly upon its receipt of this conversion notice (and, in any case prior to the time it effects the conversion requested hereby), notify the converting holder by facsimile of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on such date and the number of shares of Common Stock which would be issuable to the holder if the conversion requested in this 65 conversion notice were effected in full, whereupon, the holder may, within one day of the notice from the Company, revoke the conversion requested hereby to the extent that it determines that such conversion would result in it owning in excess of 4.9% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock on such date, and the Company shall issue to the holder one or more certificates representing shares of Series G Preferred Stock which have not been converted as a result of this provision. If the holder waives the applicability of this limitation by notice to the Company delivered upon its receipt of the Company's notice regarding the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock or if the Purchaser fails to respond to the Company's notice within one day thereafter, the Company shall effect in full the conversion requested in this notice. 66 EXHIBIT B AMNEX, INC. NOTICE OF CONVERSION AT THE ELECTION OF THE COMPANY The undersigned in the name and on behalf of AMNEX, Inc. (the "Company") hereby notifies the addressee hereof that the Company hereby elects to exercise its right to convert [ ] shares of its Series G Convertible Preferred Stock held by the Holder into shares of Common Stock, par value U.S.$.001 per share (the "Common Stock") of the Company according to the terms hereof, as of the date written below. No fee will be charged to the Holder for any conversion hereunder, except for such transfer taxes, if any which may be incurred by the Company if shares are to be issued in the name of a person other than the person to whom this notice is addressed. Conversion calculations: ___________________________________________________ Date to Effect Conversion --------------------------------------------------- Number of Shares of Preferred Stock to be Converted --------------------------------------------------- Applicable Conversion Price --------------------------------------------------- Number of Shares of Common Stock Outstanding as at the Close of Trading on the Conversion Date AMNEX, INC. By:________________________________________________ Title:__________________________________________ 67 (j) Series L Preferred Shares. A series of Preferred Shares is hereby created, to be limited in amount to 200,000 of the 5,000,000 authorized Preferred Shares. The designation, relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations are as follows: (i) Designation of Series. The designation of the series of Preferred Shares created hereby shall be Series L Preferred Shares (hereinafter the "Series L Preferred Shares"). (ii) Dividends. The holders of Series L Preferred Shares, on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Corporation's Common Shares (based upon the number of Common Shares into which the Series L Preferred Shares are convertible), Series F Preferred Shares and any other series of Preferred Shares of the Corporation hereafter created which shall have a pari passu right with the holders of the Common Shares to receive dividends, shall be entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared by the Board of Directors. Declared but unpaid dividends shall not bear interest. The rights of the holders of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be junior and subordinate to the rights of the holders of the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E and Series G Preferred Shares of the Corporation to receive dividends, as well as to the right of any other series of Preferred Shares of the Corporation hereafter created which shall have any preferential right to receive dividends before the holders of the Common Shares. (iii) Voting Rights. The holders of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote on all matters at all meetings of the shareholders of the Corporation, and shall be entitled to such number of votes for each Series L Preferred Share entitled to vote at such meetings as is set forth below, voting together with the holders of Common Shares, and other Preferred Shares who are entitled to vote, if any such shares are then outstanding, and not as a separate class, except as required by law. The number of votes to which the holders of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be entitled to vote for each Series L Preferred Share shall equal the number of Common Shares of the Corporation into which such Series L Preferred Share would convert upon the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Event(as hereinafter defined). (iv) Redemption. The Series L Preferred Shares shall not be subject to mandatory redemption by either the Corporation or the holders thereof. (v) Conversion. (A) Mandatory Conversion Event and Price. Immediately upon the filing with the Secretary of State of New York of the Certificate of Amendment (as hereinafter defined) (the "Mandatory Conversion Event"), each Series L Preferred Share shall convert into fifteen (15) Common Shares of the Corporation (the "Conversion Ratio"), subject to adjustment as hereinafter set forth. (B) Procedure. Before any holder of Series L Preferred Shares shall be entitled to receive Common Shares upon conversion, the holder shall surrender the certificate(s) therefor, duly endorsed, at the principal offices of the Corporation. Subject to the provisions hereof, effective upon the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Event (the "Effective Conversion Date"), the holder shall thereupon be deemed to be the holder of record of the Common Shares issuable upon conversion, notwithstanding that the stock transfer books of the Corporation shall then be closed or that the certificate(s) representing such Common Shares shall not then be actually delivered to the holder. Subject to the provisions hereof, promptly following the Effective Conversion Date, the Corporation shall cause its transfer agent to issue and deliver to such holder of Series L Preferred Shares a certificate for the number of Common Shares to which the holder shall be entitled. 68 (C) Adjustment of Conversion Ratio. (i) In the event that the Corporation shall (a) pay any dividend on its Common Shares payable in Common Shares; (b) effect a subdivision of its outstanding shares into a greater number of Common Shares (by reclassification, stock split or otherwise than by payment of a dividend in Common Shares); (c) effect a combination or consolidation of its outstanding Common Shares into a lesser number of Common Shares (by reclassification, reverse split or otherwise); (d) issue by reclassification, exchange or substitution of its Common Shares any shares of capital stock of the Corporation or effect any other transaction having similar effect, the Conversion Ratio in effect immediately prior to such action shall be adjusted so that, in the event of the occurrence of the Mandatory Conversion Event at any time after the occurrence of any event described above, the holder shall be entitled to receive the Common Shares to which such holder would have been finally entitled, after giving effect to the occurrence of such event, as if such holder had converted the Series L Preferred Shares immediately prior to the occurrence of such event. An adjustment made pursuant to this paragraph (C) shall become effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination, reclassification, exchange or substitution. (ii) In case of any consolidation or merger to which the Corporation is a party, other than a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is the surviving or continuing corporation and which does not result in any reclassification of, or change (other than a change in par value or from par value to no par value or from no par value to par value, or as a result of subdivision or combination) in, outstanding Common Shares, then the Corporation, or such successor corporation, as the case may be, shall make appropriate provisions so that the holder of each Series L Preferred Share then outstanding 69 shall have the right to convert such share into the kind and amount of shares or other securities and property receivable upon such consolidation or merger by a holder of the number of Common Shares into which such Series L Preferred Shares might have been converted immediately prior to such consolidation or merger. (D) Fractional Shares. No fractional Common Shares shall be issued upon conversion of Series L Preferred Shares. In lieu of any fractional shares to which the holder would otherwise be entitled, the Corporation shall pay, in cash, an amount equal to the product of (i) such fraction of a share times (ii) the market price of one Common Share on the Effective Conversion Date. (E) Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion. The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Common Shares, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares, such number of its Common Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Series L Preferred Shares; provided, however, that nothing contained herein shall preclude the Corporation from satisfying its obligations in respect of the conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares by delivery of Common Shares which are held in the treasury of the Corporation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation shall not be obligated to reserve and keep available out its authorized but unissued Common Shares, or issue, any Common Shares to the holders of the Series L Preferred Shares unless and until it shall have filed with the Secretary of State of New York a Certificate of Amendment of its Certificate of Incorporation as a result of which there will be a sufficient number of authorized Common Shares of the Corporation available for issuance upon the conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares and the exercise of any and all outstanding purchase, exchange or conversion rights for the acquisition of Common Shares of the Corporation (the "Certificate of Amendment"). 70 (F) Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. In the event that the holder shall notify the Corporation that the certificate(s) representing Series L Preferred Shares have been lost, stolen or destroyed and either (i) provide a letter, in form satisfactory to the Corporation, to the effect that he will indemnify the Corporation from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith, and/or (ii) provide an indemnity bond in such amount as is reasonably required by the Corporation, the Corporation having the option of electing either (i) or (ii) or both, the Corporation may, in its sole discretion, accept such letter and/or indemnity bond in lieu of the surrender of the certificate(s) as required by this subsection (v). (G) Statutory Restrictions. The foregoing provisions for conversion of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be subject to all applicable statutory limitations and restrictions. (vi) Liquidation Preference. In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, the holders of Series L Preferred Shares will be entitled to receive, prior and in preference to any distribution of the assets or surplus funds of the Corporation to the holders of any Common Shares by reason of the ownership thereof, and on a pari passu basis with the holders of the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E, Series F, and Series G Preferred Shares and any Series H, Series I, Series J, and/or Series K Preferred Shares hereafter authorized, an amount equal to the fixed sum of forty-five dollars and forty-five cents ($45.45) per share and no more (the "Preferential Amount"). If, upon the occurrence of such an event, the assets and funds thus distributed among the holders of Series L Preferred Shares shall be insufficient to permit the payment to such holders of the full Preferential Amount, then, the entire assets and funds of the Corporation legally available for distribution to the holders of the Series L Preferred Shares shall be distributed ratably among such holders in accordance with the respective amounts which would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full. 71 After the payment or setting apart of the full Preferential Amounts required to be paid to the holders of Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E, Series F, Series G and Series L Preferred Shares and any Series H, Series I, Series J and/or Series K Preferred Shares hereafter authorized, the holders of Common Shares or any other stock of the Corporation ranking in liquidation junior to the Series A, Series B, Series C, Series D, Series E, Series F, Series G and Series L Preferred Shares and any Series H, Series I, Series J and/or Series K Preferred Shares hereafter authorized, shall be entitled to receive ratably all remaining assets or surplus funds of the Corporation. Neither the merger or consolidation of the Corporation, nor the sale, lease or conveyance of all or part of its assets, shall be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, either voluntarily or involuntarily, within the meaning of this section. (vii) Sinking Fund. The Series L Preferred Shares shall not be entitled to the benefit of any sinking fund to be applied to their purchase or redemption." (5) No holder of any shares of the Corporation shall, because of his ownership of shares of the Corporation, have a pre-emptive or other right to purchase, subscribe for, or take any part of any shares of the Corporation, or any part of any notes, debentures, bonds, or other securities convertible into or providing for options or warrants to purchase shares of the Corporation which are issued, offered, or sold by the Corporation after its incorporation, whether the shares, notes, debentures, bonds, or other securities be authorized by this certificate of incorporation or by an amended certificate duly filed and in effect at the time of the issuance, offer, or sale of such shares, notes, debentures, bonds, or other securities. Any part of the shares authorized by this Certificate of Incorporation, or by an amended certificate duly filed, and any part of any notes, debentures, bonds, or other securities convertible into or providing for options or warrants to purchase shares of the Corporation may at any time be issued, offered for sale, and sold or disposed of by the Corporation, pursuant to a resolution of its Board of Directors and to such persons and upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, deem proper and advisable, without first offering to existing shareholders any part of such shares, notes, debentures, bonds, or other securities. 72 (6) The Secretary of State is designated as the agent of the Corporation upon whom process against the Corporation may be served, and the address to which the Secretary of State shall mail a copy of any process against the Corporation served upon him is 101 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10178, Attention: Vice President - General Counsel. (7) A director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its shareholders for damages for any breach of duty in his capacity as a director, unless a judgment or other final adjudication adverse to him establishes that (i) his acts or omissions were in bad faith or involved intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law or (ii) he personally gained in fact a financial or other advantage to which he was not legally entitled or (iii) his acts violated Section 719 of the Business Corporation Law. Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Article 7, nor the adoption of any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with this Article 7, shall eliminate or reduce the effect of this Article 7 in respect of any matter occurring, or any cause of action, suit or claim that but for this Article 7 would accrue or arise, prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption of an inconsistent provision. 73 EX-3.3 5 AMENDMENT TO BY-LAWS OF AMNEX ARTICLE II MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS Section 2. Annual Meeting The annual meeting of shareholders shall be held on the 3rd Tuesday in June of each year, if not a legal holiday, and, if a legal holiday, then on the next business day thereafter, or on such date as shall be determined by the Board of Directors, and the shareholders shall then elect a Board of Directors and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by, at the direction of or upon authority granted by the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise brought before the meeting by, at the direction of or upon authority granted by the Board of Directors, or (c) subject to ARTICLE II, Section 10 hereof, otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a shareholder. For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a shareholder, the shareholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Company. To be timely, a shareholder's notice must be received at the principal executive offices of the Company not less than 60 days nor more than 90 days prior to the meeting; provided, however, that, in the event that less than 70 days' notice of the date of the meeting is given to shareholders and public disclosure of the meeting date, pursuant to a press release, is either not made or is made less than 70 days prior to the meeting date, then notice by the shareholder to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the earlier of (a) the day on which such notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed to shareholders or (b) the day on which any such public disclosure was made. A shareholder's notice to the Secretary must set forth as to each matter the shareholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (a) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting, and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (b) the name and address, as they appear on the Company's books, of the shareholder proposing such business, (c) the class and number of shares of the Company which are beneficially owned by the shareholder, and (d) any material interest of the shareholder in such business. Notwithstanding anything in the By-Laws to the contrary, but subject to ARTICLE II, Section 10 hereof, no business shall be conducted at an annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2. The Chairman of an annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2, and, if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting, and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted. EX-3.4 6 BY-LAWS, AS AMENDED BY-LAWS OF AMNEX, INC. (As Amended Through March 31, 1997) ARTICLE I OFFICES Section 1. Principal Office The principal office of the Corporation shall be in City of New York, County of New York, State of New York. Section 2. Additional Offices The Corporation may also have offices and places of business at such other places, within or without the State of New York, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require. ARTICLE II MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS Section 1. Time and Place The annual meeting of the shareholders of the Corporation and all special meetings of shareholders may be held at such time and place within or without the State of New York as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof. Section 2. Annual Meeting The annual meeting of shareholders shall be held on the 3rd Tuesday in June of each year, if not a legal holiday, and, if a legal holiday, then on the next business day thereafter, or on such date as shall be determined by the Board of Directors, and the shareholders shall then elect a Board of Directors and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by, at the direction of or upon authority granted by the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise brought before the meeting by, at the direction of or upon authority granted by the Board of Directors, or (c) subject to ARTICLE II, Section 10 hereof, otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a shareholder. For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a shareholder, the shareholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Company. To be timely, a shareholder's notice must be received at the principal executive offices of the Company not less than 60 days nor more than 90 days prior to the meeting; provided, however, that, in the event that less than 70 days' notice of the date of the meeting is given to shareholders and public disclosure of the meeting date, pursuant to a press release, is either not made or is made less than 70 days prior to the meeting date, then notice by the shareholder to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the earlier of (a) the day on which such notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed to shareholders or (b) the day on which any such public disclosure was made. A shareholder's notice to the Secretary must set forth as to each matter the shareholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (a) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting, and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (b) the name and address, as they appear on the Company's books, of the shareholder proposing such business, (c) the class and number of shares of the Company which 1 are beneficially owned by the shareholder, and (d) any material interest of the shareholder in such business. Notwithstanding anything in the By-Laws to the contrary, but subject to ARTICLE II, Section 10 hereof, no business shall be conducted at an annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2. The Chairman of an annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 2, and, if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting, and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted. Section 3. Notice of Annual Meeting Written notice of the place, date and hour of the annual meeting of shareholders shall be given personally or by mail to each shareholder entitled to vote thereat, not less than ten (10) nor more than fifty (50) days prior to the meeting. Section 4. Special Meetings Special meetings of the shareholders, for any purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, may be called by the President, Chairman of the Board or any Director of the Corporation. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the proposed meetings. Section 5. Notice of Special Meeting Written notice of a special meeting of shareholders stating the place, date and hour of the meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, and by or at whose direction it is being issued, shall be given personally or by mail to each shareholder entitled to vote thereat, not less than ten (10) nor more than fifty (50) days prior to the meeting. Section 6. Quorum Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of a majority of the shares of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote thereat shall be necessary to and shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of the shareholders. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the shareholders, the shareholders entitled to vote thereat present in person or represented by proxy shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum may be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called. Section 7. Voting (a) At any meeting of the shareholders, every shareholder having the right to vote shall be entitled to vote in person or by proxy. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, each shareholder shall have one (1) vote for each share of stock having voting power which is registered in his name on the books of the Corporation. (b) Except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, all elections of Directors shall be decided by a plurality of the votes cast and all other matters shall be decided by a majority of the votes cast. (c) At each meeting of the shareholders, the polls shall be opened and closed, the proxies and ballots shall be received and be taken in charge, and all questions touching the qualification of voters, the validity of proxies and the acceptance or rejection of votes shall be decided by one (1) or more inspectors. Such inspector(s) shall be appointed by the Board of Directors or the chairman of the meeting. If, for any reason, any inspector(s) appointed shall fail to attend or refuse or be unable to serve, inspectors in place of any so failing to attend or refusing or unable to serve shall be appointed in like manner. Such inspector(s), before entering upon the discharge of his/their duties, shall be sworn faithfully to execute the duties of inspector(s) at such meeting with strict impartiality and according to the best of his/their ability, and the oath so taken shall be subscribed by him/them. 2 Section 8. Proxies A proxy, to be valid, shall be executed in writing by the shareholder or by his attorney-in-fact. No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven (11) months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy. Every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the shareholder executing it, except in those cases where an irrevocable proxy is permitted by law. Section 9. Consents Whenever by any provision of law or of the Certificate of Incorporation or of these By-Laws the vote of shareholders at a meeting thereof is required or permitted to be taken in connection with any corporate action, the meeting and vote of shareholders may be dispensed with if all the shareholders who would have been entitled to vote upon the action if such meeting were held shall consent in writing to such corporate action being taken. Nothing in this Section 9 shall be construed so as to alter or modify any provision of law under which the written consent of the holders of less than all outstanding shares is sufficient for corporate action. Section 10. Notice and Qualification of Shareholder Nominees to Board Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 10 shall be qualified for election as Directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the Company may be made at a meeting of shareholders by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or by any shareholder of the Company entitled to vote for the election of Directors at the meeting who complies with the procedures set forth in this Section 10. In order for persons nominated to the Board of Directors, other than those persons nominated by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, to be qualified to serve on the Board of Directors, such nomination shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the Secretary of the Company. To be timely, a shareholder's notice must be received at the principal executive offices of the Company not less than 60 days nor more than 90 days prior to the meeting; provided, however, that, in the event that less than 70 days' notice of the date of the meeting is given to shareholders and public disclosure of the meeting date, pursuant to a press release, is either not made or is made less than 70 days prior to the meeting date, then notice by the shareholder to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the earlier of (a) the day on which such notice of the date of the meeting was mailed to shareholders or (b) the day on which such public disclosure was made. A shareholder's notice to the Secretary must set forth (a) as to each person whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a Director (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (iii) the class and number of shares of the Company which are beneficially owned by such person and (iv) any other information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitation of proxies for election of Directors, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time (including, without limitation, such documentation as is required by Regulation 14A to confirm that such person is a bona fide nominee); and (b) as to the shareholder giving the notice (i) the name and address, as they appear on the Company's books, of such shareholder and (ii) the class and number of shares of the Company which are beneficially owned by such shareholder. At the request of the Board of Directors, any person nominated by the Board of Directors for election as a Director shall furnish to the Secretary of the Company that information required to be set forth in a shareholder's notice of nomination which pertains to the nominee. No person shall be qualified for election as a Director of the Company unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 10. The Chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with procedures prescribed by the By-Laws, and, if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting, and the defective nomination shall be disregarded. 3 ARTICLE III DIRECTORS Section 1. Number; Tenure (a) The number of Directors constituting the entire Board of Directors shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of the Board but shall not be less than three (3), except that where all the shares of the Corporation are owned beneficially and of record by less than three (3) shareholders, the number of Directors may be less than three (3) but not less than the number of shareholders. (b) Directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the shareholders, except as provided in Section 3 of this Article III, and each Director shall be elected to serve until his successor has been elected and has qualified. Section 2. Resignation; Removal Any Director may resign at any time. The Board of Directors may remove a Director for cause. Any or all of the Directors may be removed with or without cause by a vote of the shareholders. These provisions for the removal of Directors apply to the extent permitted by the laws of the State of New York. Section 3. Vacancies If any vacancies occur in the Board of Directors by reason of the death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal from office of any Director with or without cause or if any new directorships are created, the Directors then in office may choose successors, or fill the newly created directorships, and the Directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual meeting of the shareholders and until their successors shall be duly elected and qualified, unless sooner displaced. Section 4. Executive Committee and Other Committees The Board of Directors, by resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board, may designate from among its members an Executive Committee and other committees, each consisting of three or more Directors, which committees shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more Directors as alternate members of any such committee, who may replace any absent member or members of such committee. The Board of Directors, by resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board, may remove a member of any such committee with or without cause. To the extent provided in said resolution and to the extent permitted by the laws of the State of New York, each such committee shall have and may exercise the powers of the Board of Directors. Each of such committees shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings and shall report thereon to the Board from time to time as required. ARTICLE IV MEETINGS OF THE BOARD Section 1. Place The Board of Directors of the Corporation may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of New York. Section 2. Regular Meetings Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be determined by the Board. 4 Section 3. Special Meetings Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board or the President, and, upon the written demand of at least two (2) Directors, shall be called by the Secretary, in each case on one (1) day's notice to each Director, either personally, by overnight mail, by telegram, by telecopier or by telephone. Section 4. Quorum At all meetings of the Board of Directors, a majority of the Directors then in office, shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, a majority of the Directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present. One (1) day's notice of any such adjournment shall be given, either personally, by mail, by telegram, by telecopier or by telephone to each Director who was not present and, unless announced at the meeting, to the other Directors. Section 5. Action of the Board Unless otherwise required by law, the vote of a majority of the Directors present at the time of the vote, if a quorum is present at such time, shall be the act of the Board. Section 6. Participation in Meeting by Electronic Means Any one or more members of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof by means of a conference telephone or similar communication equipment allowing all persons participating in such meeting to hear each other at the same time. Participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. Section 7. Action in Lieu of Meeting Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or the committee consent in writing to the adoption of a resolution authorizing the action. The resolution and the written consents thereto by the members of the Board of Directors or committee shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee. Section 8. Compensation Directors, as such, shall not receive any stated salary for their services, but, by resolution of the Board of Directors, a fixed fee and expenses of attendance, if any, may be allowed for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board; provided, however, that nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any Director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. ARTICLE V NOTICES Section 1. Form; Delivery Notices to Directors and shareholders shall be in writing (except as provided herein) and may be delivered personally or by mail or, with respect to Directors only, by telegram, telecopier or telephone. Such notice is deemed to be given, if by mail, when deposited in the United States mail, with postage thereon prepaid and, if by telegram, when ordered or, if a delayed delivery is ordered, as of such delayed delivery time, and, if by telecopier, when transmitted and directed to Directors at their addresses as they appear on the records of the Corporation. 5 Section 2. Waiver Whenever a notice is required to be given by any statute, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to such notice. In addition, any shareholder attending a meeting of shareholders in person or by proxy without protesting prior to the conclusion of the meeting the lack of notice thereof to him, and any Director attending a meeting of the Board of Directors or committee thereof without protesting prior to the meeting or at its commencement such lack of notice shall be conclusively deemed to have waived notice of such meeting. ARTICLE VI OFFICERS Section 1. Officers The officers of the Corporation shall be a Chairman of the Board, a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, a Treasurer, and such other officers as may be determined by the Board of Directors. Section 2. Authority and Duties All officers, as between themselves and the Corporation, shall have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the Corporation as may be provided in these By-Laws, or, to the extent not so provided, by the Board of Directors. Section 3. Term of Office; Removal All officers shall be elected by the Board of Directors and shall hold office for such time as may be prescribed by the Board. Any officer or agent elected or appointed by the Board may be removed with or without cause at any time by the Board. Section 4. Compensation The compensation of all officers of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors, and the compensation of agents shall either be so fixed or shall be fixed by officers thereunto duly authorized. The fact that any officer is a Director shall not preclude him from receiving a salary as an officer, or from voting upon the resolution providing the same. Section 5. Vacancies If an office becomes vacant for any reason, the Board of Directors may fill the vacancy. Any officer so appointed or elected by the Board shall serve only until the unexpired term of his predecessor shall have expired unless re-elected by the Board. Section 6. The Chairman of the Board The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation; he shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and shareholders; he shall be ex-officio a member of all standing committees and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board of Directors. Section 7. The President The President shall be the Chief Operating Officer of the Corporation; he shall have general and active management and control of the day-to-day business and affairs of the Corporation, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board are carried into effect. 6 Section 8. The Vice-President The Vice-President or, if there be more than one, the Vice-Presidents in the order of their seniority or in any other order determined by the Board of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability of the President, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the President, and shall generally assist the President and perform such other duties as the Board, the Chairman of the Board or the President shall prescribe. Section 9. The Secretary The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the shareholders and record all votes and the minutes of all proceedings in a book to be kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the shareholders and special meetings of the Board, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board, the Chairman of the Board or the President, under whose supervision he shall act. He shall keep in safe custody the seal of the Corporation and, when authorized by the Board, affix the same to any instrument requiring it and, when so affixed, it shall be attested by his signature or by the signature of the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or Assistant Secretary. He shall keep in safe custody the certificate books and shareholder records and such other books and records as the Board may direct and shall perform all other duties incident to the office of the Secretary. Section 10. The Assistant Secretary During the absence or disability of the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary, or if there be more than one, the one so designated by the Secretary or by the Board of Directors, shall have all the powers and functions of the Secretary. Section 11. The Treasurer The Treasurer shall have the care and custody of the corporate funds and other valuable effects, including securities, and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all monies and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render the Directors, at the regular meeting of the Board, or whenever they may require it, an account of all his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation. Section 12. The Assistant Treasurer During the absence or disability of the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, or if there be more than one, the one so designated by the Treasurer or by the Board of Directors, shall have all the powers and functions of the Treasurer. Section 13. Bonds In case the Board of Directors shall so require, any officer or agent of the Corporation shall give the Corporation a bond for such term, in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board for the faithful performance of the duties of his office, and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation. 7 ARTICLE VIII SHARE CERTIFICATES Section 1. Form; Signature The certificates for shares of the Corporation shall be in such form as shall be determined by the Board of Directors and shall be numbered consecutively and entered in books of the Corporation as they are issued. Each certificate shall exhibit the registered holder's name and the number and class of shares, and shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board, the President or a Vice-President and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, and shall bear the seal of the Corporation or a facsimile thereof. Where any such certificate is counter-signed by a transfer agent, or registered by a registrar, the signature of any such officer may be a facsimile signature. In case any officer who signed or whose facsimile signature or signatures was placed on any such certificate shall have ceased to be such officer before such certificate is issued, it may nevertheless be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer at the date of issue. Section 2. Lost Certificates The Board of Directors may direct a new share certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost or destroyed upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate to be lost or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates, the Board may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost or destroyed. Section 3. Registration of Transfer Upon surrender to the Corporation or any transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be the duty of the Corporation or such transfer agent to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books. Section 4. Registered Shareholders Except as otherwise provided by law, the Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends or other distributions and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be found to recognize any equitable or legal claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it has actual or other notice thereof. Section 5. Record Date For the purpose of determining the shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to or dissent from any proposal without a meeting, or for the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any rights, or for the purpose of any other action affecting the interest of shareholders, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record date. Such date shall not be more than fifty (50) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of any such meeting, nor more than fifty (50) days prior to any other action. In each such case, except as otherwise provided by law, only such persons as shall be shareholders of record on the date so fixed shall be entitled to notice of, and to vote at, such meeting and any adjournment thereof, or to express such consent or dissent, or to receive payment of such dividend or such allotment or rights, or otherwise to be recognized as shareholders for the related purpose, notwithstanding any registration or transfer of shares on the books of the Corporation after any such record date so fixed. 8 ARTICLE IX GENERAL PROVISIONS Section 1. Fiscal Year The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors. Section 2. Dividends Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting and may be paid in cash, in property, in shares of the capital stock or any combination thereof, subject to the provisions of the laws of the State of New York. Section 3. Reserves Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for such other purposes as the Board shall deem conducive to the interests of the Corporation, and the Board may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created. Section 4. Check All checks or demands for money and notes of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate. Section 5. Seal The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words "Corporate Seal New York". The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or otherwise reproduced. ARTICLE X INDEMNIFICATION Section 1. Actions by or in the right of the Corporation Any person made, or threatened to be made, a party to an action by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he, his testator or intestate, is or was a Director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a Director or officer of any other corporation of any type or kind, domestic or foreign, of any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, shall be indemnified by the Corporation against amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including attorneys' fees, actually and necessarily incurred by him in connection with the defense or settlement of such action, or in connection with an appeal therein, to the fullest extent permitted by the laws of State of New York. Section 2. Action or Proceeding Other than by or in the Right of the Corporation Any person made, or threatened to be made, a party to an action or proceeding (other than one by or in the right of the Corporation to procure a judgment in its favor), whether civil or criminal, including an action by or in the right of any other corporation of any type or kind, domestic or 9 foreign, or any partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, which any Director or officer of the Corporation served in any capacity at the request of the Corporation, by reason of the fact that he, his testator or intestate, was a Director or officer of the Corporation, or served such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise in any capacity, shall be indemnified by the Corporation against judgments, fines, amounts paid in settlement and reasonable expenses, including attorney's fees actually and necessarily incurred as a result of such action or proceeding, or any appeal therein, to the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the State of New York. Section 3. Opinion of Counsel In taking any action or making any determination pursuant to this Article, the Board of Directors and each Director, officer or employee, whether or not interested in any such action or determination, may rely upon an opinion of counsel selected by the Board. Section 4. Other Indemnification; Limitation The Corporation's obligation under this Article shall not be exclusive or in limitation of, but shall be in addition to, any other rights to which any such person may be entitled by (i) a resolution of shareholders, (ii) a resolution of Directors or (iii) an agreement providing for such indemnification. All of the provisions of this Article X of the By-Laws shall be valid only to the extent permitted by the Certificate of Incorporation and the laws of the State of New York. ARTICLE XI AMENDMENTS Section 1. Power to Amend These By-Laws shall be subject to amendment or repeal, and additional By-Laws may be adopted, either by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting of the Board or by written consent in lieu of a meeting, or by the shareholders at any regular or special meeting of the shareholders, or by written consent in lieu of a meeting. 10 EX-10.4 7 LEASE AGREEMENT LAKE SUCCESS AGREEMENT OF LEASE made as of this 18th day of December 1996, by and between WE'RE ASSOCIATES COMPANY, a New York general partnership having its principal office at 100 Jericho Quadrangle, Jericho, New York 11753, hereinafter referred to as "Landlord" and CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS, INC., a New York corporation with offices located at 101 Park Avenue, Suite 2507, New York, NY 10178, hereinafter referred to as "Tenant". WITNESSETH: Landlord and Tenant hereby covenant and agree as follows: SPACE 1. Landlord hereby leases to Tenant, and Tenant hereby leases from Landlord the space consisting of a portion of the 1st floor substantially as shown on the rental plan initialed by the parties and made part hereof as Exhibit 1 in the building known as 6 Nevada Drive, "C" Building, Lake Success, New York (the "Building"), as hereinafter referred to as the "demised premises". The parties agree that for all purposes of this lease the demised premises consist of 23,275 of rentable square feet. Tenant shall also be permitted to use, on a non-exclusive basis, in common with other tenants at the Building, the common facilities of the Building. Such use of such facilities shall be subject to such reasonable rules, regulations and procedures governing the use thereof as Landlord shall from time to time promulgate. TERM 2. The term of this lease (the "Demised Term") shall commence on February 1, 1997 hereinafter referred to as the "Term Commencement Date", and shall terminate on January 31, 2007 hereinafter referred to as the "Expiration Date", unless earlier terminated or extended as provided herein. Tenant may occupy all or part of the demised premises prior to the Term Commencement Date, such occupancy shall be deemed to be under all of the terms, covenants, and conditions of this lease, excluding the covenant to pay rent for the period from the commencement of said use or occupancy until the Term Commencement Date. RENT 3. a. Subject to paragraph b of this Article, Article 8, and Article 9.d. hereof, the annual rental rate payable by Tenant shall be $128,012.50. Tenant agrees to pay such rent in equal monthly installments each in advance on the first day of each calendar month during the Demised Term at the office of Landlord, except that Tenant shall pay the first monthly installment on execution hereof. Tenant shall pay the rent as above and as hereinafter provided, without any set off or deduction whatsoever. As used herein, the term "Lease Year" shall mean each consecutive twelve (12) calendar month period, the first such period commencing on the Term Commencement Date 1 and ending on the day immediately preceding the first anniversary of the Term Commencement Date; provided, however, if the Term Commencement Date shall be a date other than the first day of a calendar month, then the first Lease Year shall commence on the Term Commencement Date and shall end on the last day of the month in which the first anniversary of the Term Commencement Date shall occur. b. The fixed annual rent set forth in paragraph a of this Article hereof shall be increased, on each anniversary of the Term Commencement Date throughout the demised Term (including any renewal period) by an amount equal to Five Thousand Eight Hundred and Eighteen Dollars and Seventy-Five Cents ($5,818.75). This yearly increase shall include all prior escalations pursuant to this Article 3.b. and shall be paid to Landlord as additional rent in equal monthly installments. As an example, the annual rental rate shall be $133,831.25 after the first anniversary of the Term Commencement Date, and $139,650 after the second anniversary of the Term Commencement Date. c. If Tenant shall fail to pay when due any installment of fixed annual rent or any payment of additional rent for a period of twenty (20) days after such installment or payment shall have become due, Tenant shall pay interest thereon at the lesser rate of (a) two percent (2%) per annum in excess of the prime interest rate of Citibank, N.A., as publicly announced from time to time or, if Citibank, N.A. shall cease to exist or announce such rate, any similar rate designated by Landlord which is publicly announced from time to time by any other bank in the City of New York having combined capital and surplus in excess of One Hundred Million and legally contract to pay, from the date when such installment or payment shall have become due to the date of the payment thereof; and such interest shall be deemed additional rent. In addition, Tenant shall pay to Landlord a one time late fee in the amount of five percent (5%) of such overdue amount to compensate Landlord for its administrative costs associated with such failure to timely pay. Such fee shall be deemed additional rent and shall be payable immediately upon demand. This provision is in addition to all other rights or remedies available to Landlord for nonpayment of fixed annual rent or additional rent under this lease and at law and in equity. USE 4. The Tenant shall use and occupy the demised premises only for administrative and general offices and the general operation of pay telephones and associates business and for no other purpose. LANDLORD'S ALTERATIONS FOR TENANT, SPRINKLER MODIFICATIONS 5. a. Landlord will perform the work and make the installations as set forth on the Estimate Sheet annexed hereto, which is sometimes hereinafter referred to as "Landlord's Initial Construction". Tenant shall contribute the sum of Fifty Thousand ($50,000) Dollars toward Landlord's Initial Construction ("Tenant's Contribution) and the remainder of Landlord's Initial Construction shall be paid for by Landlord. Tenant's Contribution shall be paid by Tenant to Landlord as additional rent within five (5) days of the Term Commencement Date. 2 b. If the New York Board of Fire Underwriters or the Insurance Services Office or any bureau, department or official of the federal, state or city government require or recommend any changes, modifications, alterations, or additional sprinkler heads or other equipment be made or supplied to the existing sprinkler system and/or the sprinkler system to be installed as part of any work to be performed by Tenant in connection with Tenant's occupancy of the demised premises, or by reason of Tenant's use of the demised premises or of any other reason (the "Sprinkler Modifications"), or if any Sprinkler Modifications become necessary to present the imposition of a penalty or charge against the full allowance for a sprinkler system in the fire insurance rate set by said Underwriter, official or by any fire insurance company, Tenant shall, at Tenant's sole expense, promptly make the Sprinkler Modifications as required, whether the work involved shall be structural or non-structural in nature. HEAT, WATER AND UTILITIES 6. The Tenant shall provide, at its sole cost and expense, fuel, heat, air conditioning, ventilation, water, electricity and other utilities necessary for the use and occupancy of the demised premises. PARKING FIELD 7. Tenant shall have the right to use fifty-four (54) parking spaces for the parking of automobiles of the Tenant, its employees and invitees, in the parking area shown on the Parking Plan annexed hereto and made a part hereof, subject to the Rules and Regulations now or hereafter adopted by Landlord. Tenant shall not use nor permit any of its officers, agents or employees to use any parking area other than as shown on the Parking Plan. TAXES, PAYMENT OF ADDITIONAL RENT 8. a. The Tenant shall pay to the Landlord as additional rent a sum equal to twenty-five (25%) percent of all Taxes with respect to the Building (based on the ratio of the demised premises area of 23,275 square feet to the Building Area of 93,100 square feet) during and applicable to the Demised Term. b. As used in and for the purposes of this Article 8, the following definition shall apply: The term "taxes" shall be deemed to include all real estate taxes and assessments, special or otherwise and sewer rents, upon or with respect to the Building and the land allocated to it including all parking areas (hereinafter called the "Real Property"). If, due to any change in the method of taxation, any franchise, income, profit, sales, rental use and occupancy, or other tax shall be substituted for, or levied against Landlord or any owner of the Building or the Real 3 Property in lieu of, any real estate taxes, assessments or sewer rents upon or with respect to the Real Property, such tax shall be included in the term Taxes for the purposes of this Article. c. Tenant shall pay to Landlord as additional rent $5,909.37 per month which is its share of taxes as warranted by Landlord in subparagraph v of this Article 8. Landlord shall render to Tenant a statement containing a revised computation of additional rent due under this Article ("Landlord's Statement") at any time and from time to time as such becomes due. Within twenty (20) days after the rendition of the Landlord's Statement which shows additional rent to be payable, Tenant shall pay to Landlord the amount of such additional rent. On the first day of each month following rendition of each Landlord's Statement, Tenant shall pay to Landlord, on account of the potential additional rent, a sum equal to one-twelfth (1/12th) of the annualized additional rent last paid by Tenant i. Following each Landlord's Statement, Tenant shall be debited with any additional rent shown on such Landlord's Statement to be payable, and credited with the aggregate amount paid by Tenant in accordance with the provisions of subsection 8.c.i above on account of the potential additional rent. ii. The obligations of Landlord and Tenant under the provisions of this Article 8 with respect to any additional rent for any Lease Year shall survive the expiration or any sooner termination of the Demised Term. iii. In the event that Tenant challenges the amount of additional rent payable pursuant to this Article 8, then, as a condition precedent to the submission of a dispute as to such amount to judicial review, and pending the determination of any dispute, Tenant shall promptly pay the additional rent as demanded by Landlord. After such determination, any adjustment in the disputed amount shall be made within thirty (30) days. v. Landlord hereby warrants that the taxes applicable to the total Building are currently follows: 1. 1996 Town Tax: $53,670.74; 2. 1996/97 School Tax: $171,061.37; and 3. 1996/97 Village Tax: $58,917.60 LANDLORD'S MAINTENANCE OF LANDSCAPING, ROADS, STREETS, PARKING AREA, AND FIRE INSURANCE ON BUILDING 9. a. Landlord will maintain in good condition the roof of the Building and all landscaping, curbing, sidewalks, roads (including, without limitation, the ring-road system servicing the Lake Success Quadrangle), surface drainage and sanitary waste disposal facilities, water mains, fire hydrants and all other areas and facilities used in common by the occupants of the Building and Lake Success Quadrangle and will furnish and maintain necessary outside lighting to such areas and will generally keep clean and remove snow and sand ice therefrom: 4 b. Landlord will maintain in good condition the parking area demised to the Tenant herein, and the driveway and loading ramps serving the demised premises, including snow removal therefrom for the demised premises. c. Landlord shall provide insurance on the Building and Improvements (Tenant shall insure its personal property pursuant to Article 27 hereof). Such policies shall be issued in the name of Landlord and the mortgagee as their respective interest might appear. Tenant shall not do anything, permit anything to be done, in or about the demised premises which shall (i) invalidate or be in conflict with the provisions of any fire or other insurance policies covering the Building or any property located therein, or (ii) result in a refusal by fire insurance companies of good standing to insure the Building or any such property in amounts reasonably satisfactory to Landlord, or (iii) subject Landlord to any liability or responsibility for injury to any person or property located therein at the beginning of the Demised Term or at any time thereafter. Tenant, at Tenant's expense, shall comply with all rules, orders, regulations, or requirements of the New York Board of Fire Underwriters and the New York Fire Insurance Rating Organization or any similar body. Tenant shall pay all costs, expenses, fines, penalties, or damages, which may be imposed upon Landlord by reason of Tenant's failure to comply with the provisions of this Article 9 and if by reason of such failure the fire insurance rate shall at the beginning of this lease or at any time thereafter be higher than it otherwise would be, then Tenant shall reimburse landlord, as additional rent hereunder, for that portion of all fire insurance premiums thereafter paid by Landlord which shall have been charged because of such failure by Tenant, and shall make such reimbursement upon the first day of the month following such outlay by Landlord. In any action or proceeding wherein Landlord and Tenant are parties, a schedule or "make up" of rates applicable to the Building or property located therein issued by the New York Fire Insurance Rating Organization, or other similar body fixing such fire insurance rates, shall be conclusive evidence of the facts therein stated and of the several items and charges in the fire insurance rates then applicable to the Building or property located therein. d. Tenant will pay to Landlord as additional rent for the services described in Article 9(a), (b), and (c) above the sum of $25,602.50 per year, payable in equal monthly installments of $2,133.54 as additional rent. e. Landlord shall submit all claims as necessary under the applicable insurance policy and shall promptly apply all insurance proceeds to repair and restore the Building. LANDLORD'S REPAIRS 10. Landlord shall make all structural repairs to the demised premises, during the term of this lease with the exception of any structural repairs required as a result of the gross negligence of Tenant, its agents, officers, employees, patrons, or licensees. Landlord shall make all repairs to and maintain Building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system. 5 TENANT'S REPAIRS 11. a. Tenant shall, throughout the Demised Term, take good care of the demised premises and the fixtures and appurtenances therein and, at Tenant's sole cost and expense, make all non-structural repairs thereto, and, as required, non-structural replacements thereof, as and when needed to preserve the same in good working order and condition, reasonable wear and tear, obsolescence and damage from the elements, fire or other casualty, excepted. Tenant shall also repair all damage to the Building caused by the moving of Tenant's fixtures, furniture or equipment. Any repairs or replacements to be made by Tenant shall be made with reasonable diligence, in a good and workmanlike manner and so as not to unreasonably interfere with any other tenant's use and occupancy of the Building. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Tenant shall repair promptly at Tenant's sole cost and expense, to the reasonable satisfaction of Landlord, (i) all damage or injury to any part of the Building or to the fixtures, equipment and appurtenances thereof, excluding structural repairs, caused by or resulting from carelessness, omission, neglect, or improper conduct of Tenant, its agents, employees, invitees, or licensees; and (ii) all structural repairs required as a result of the gross negligence of Tenant, its agents, employees, invitees, or licensees. b. Tenant shall, at its sole cost and expense, clean and provide the maintenance for the demised premises to Landlord's reasonable satisfaction, including, without limitation, the removal of Tenant's garbage, refuse and trash from the demised premises and the Building in accordance with all applicable laws. Landlord shall not be obligated at any time to clean or have exterminated any part of the demised premises all of which Tenant shall cause to be kept clean, free from obnoxious odors and exterminated by Tenant at its sole cost and expense. c. Except as provided in Article 24 hereof, there shall be no allowance to Tenant for a diminution of rental value and no liability on the part of Landlord by reason of inconvenience, annoyance or injury to business arising from Landlord, Tenant or others making any repairs, alterations, additions or improvements in or to any portion of the Building or the demised premises, or in or to fixtures, appurtenances, or equipment thereof. Subject to subparagraph e. of Article 9 and except as provided in Article 24, there shall be no liability upon Landlord for failure of Landlord or others to make any repairs, alterations, additions or improvements in or to any portion of the Building or of the demised premises, or in or to the fixtures, appurtenances or equipment thereof. Any repairs which Tenant may be required to carry out pursuant to the terms hereof may, at Landlord's option, be made by Landlord at the expense of Tenant, and the expenses thereof incurred by Landlord shall be collectible as additional rent after the rendition of a bill or statement therefor. FLOOR LOADING 12. The emplacement of any equipment which will impose an evenly distributed floor load in excess of 100 pounds per square foot shall be done only after written permission is received from the Landlord. Such permission will be granted only after adequate proof is furnished by a professional engineer that such floor loading will not endanger the structure. 6 FIXTURES AND INSTALLATIONS 13. All appurtenances, fixtures, improvements, additions and other property attached to or built into the demised premises, whether by Landlord or Tenant or others, and whether at Landlord's expense, or Tenant's expense, or the joint expense of Landlord and Tenant, shall become and remain the property of Landlord, and shall remain upon and be surrendered with the demised premises unless Landlord, by notice to Tenant no later than twenty days prior to the date fixed as the termination of this lease, elects to have them removed by Tenant, in which event, the same shall be removed from the premises by Tenant forthwith, at Tenant's expense. Nothing in this Article shall be construed to prevent Tenant's removal of trade fixtures, but upon removal of any such trade fixtures from the premises or upon removal of other installations as may be required by Landlord, Tenant shall immediately and at its expense, repair and restore the premises to the condition existing prior to installation and repair any damage to the demised premises or the Building due to such removal. All property permitted or required to be removed by Tenant at the end of the term remaining in the premises after Tenant's removal shall be deemed abandoned and may, at the election of Landlord, either be retained as Landlord's property or may be removed from the premises at Tenant's expense. Tenant shall, at Landlord's option exercised by written notice to Tenant given no later than thirty (30) days prior to the Expiration Date, restore the lobby being constructed by Tenant at Tenant's entrance to the Building to the condition existing as of the date hereof. All the outside walls of the demised premises including corridor walls and the outside entrance doors to the demised premises, any balconies, terraces or roofs adjacent to the demised premises, and any space in the demised premises used for shafts, stacks, pipes, conduits, ducts or other building facilities, and the use thereof, as well as access thereto in and through the demised premises for the purpose of operation, maintenance, decoration and repair, are expressly reserved to Landlord, and Landlord does not convey any rights to Tenant therein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Tenant shall enjoy full right of access to the demised premises through the public entrances, public corridors and public areas within the Building. ALTERATIONS 14. a. Tenant shall make no alterations, installations, additions or improvements in or to the demised premises costing in excess of $10,000 without Landlord's prior written consent (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), and then only by contractors or mechanics approved by Landlord and at such times and in such manner as Landlord may from time to time designate. Landlord shall have the right to make inspections of any such work being carried out by Tenant or on Tenant's behalf at any reasonable time during the progress of such work. b. All installations or work done by Tenant shall be done in a good and workmanlike manner and shall at all times comply with: 1. Laws, rules, orders and regulations of governmental authorities having jurisdiction thereof. 7 2. Rules and regulations of Landlord. 3. Plans and specifications prepared by and at the expense of Tenant theretofore submitted to Landlord for its prior written approval in compliance with subparagraph a of this Article. No such installations or work shall be undertaken, started or begun by Tenant, its agents, servants or employees, until Landlord has approved such plans and specifications; and no amendments or additions to such plans and specifications shall be made without the prior written consent of Landlord, and shall be subject to Landlord's supervisory fee charge, which shall not exceed 10% of the cost of such alteration. Tenant agrees that it will not, either directly or indirectly, use any contractors and/or labor and/or materials if the use of such contractors and/or labor and/or materials would or will create any difficulty with other contractors and/or labor engaged by Tenant or Landlord or others in the construction, maintenance and/or operation of the Building or any part thereof. Tenant shall, before making any alterations, additions, installations or improvements, at its expense, obtain all permits, approvals and certificates required by any governmental or quasi-governmental bodies and (upon completion) certificates of final approval thereof and shall deliver promptly duplicates of all such permits, approvals and certificates to Landlord and Tenant agrees to carry and will cause Tenant's contractors and sub-contractors to carry such workmen's compensation, general liability, personal and property damage insurance as Landlord may require. At Landlord's request, Tenant agrees to obtain and deliver to Landlord, written and unconditional waivers of mechanic's, liens upon the real property in which the demised premises are located, for all property in which the demised premises are located, for all work, labor and services performed and materials furnished in connection with such work after payment therefore, signed by all contractors, sub-contractors, materialmen and laborers involved in such work. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any mechanic's lien is filed against the demised premises, or the Building, for work claimed to have been done for, or materials furnished to Tenant whether or not done pursuant to this Article the same shall be discharged by Tenant within ten days thereafter, at Tenant's expense, by filing the bond required by law. c. Anything contained herein to the contrary notwithstanding, Tenant shall make no alterations, declarations, installations, additions or improvements in or to the demised premises which shall in any way affect utility services or plumbing and electrical lines. Moreover, Landlord shall not be deemed to have acted unreasonably for withholding consent to any alterations, decorations, installations, additions or improvements which: (i) involve or might affect any structural or exterior element of the Building outside the demised premises or the Building, or (ii) will require unusual expense to readapt the demised premises to normal office use on the expiration of the Demised Term or increase the cost of construction or of insurance or taxes on the Building or of the services called for hereunder unless Tenant first gives assurances acceptable to Landlord for payment of such increased cost and that such readoption will be made prior to the Expiration Date without expense to Landlord. 8 REQUIREMENTS OF LAW 15. a. Tenant shall not do, and shall not permit Persons Within Tenant's Control to do, any act or thing in or upon the demised premises or the Building which will invalidate or be in conflict with the certificate of occupancy for the demised premises or the Building or violate any Requirements. Tenant shall, at Tenant's sole cost and expense, take all action, including making any required alterations necessary to comply with all Requirements (including, but not limited to, applicable terms of the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990 (the "ADA"), as modified and supplemented from time to 4time) which shall impose any violation, order or duty upon Landlord or Tenant arising from, or in connection with, the demised premises, Tenant's occupancy, use or manner of use of the demised premises (including, without limitation, any occupancy, use or manner of use that constitutes a "place of public accommodation" under the ADA), or any installations in the demised premises, or required by reason of a breach of any of Tenant's covenants or agreements under this lease, whether or not such Requirements shall now be in effect or hereafter enacted or issued, and whether or not any work required shall be ordinary or extraordinary or foreseen or unforeseen at the date hereof. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, Tenant shall not be obligated to perform any structural alterations necessary to comply with any Requirements, unless compliance shall be required by reason of (I) any cause or condition arising out of any alterations or installations in the demised premises (whether made by Tenant or by Landlord on behalf of Tenant), or (ii) Tenant's particular use, manner of use or occupancy on behalf of Tenant of the demised premises, or (iii) any breach of any of Tenant's covenants or agreements under this lease, or (iv) any wrongful act or omission by Tenant or Persons Within Tenant's Control, or (v) Tenant's use or manner of use or occupancy of the demised premises as a "place of public accommodation" within the meaning of the ADA. b. Tenant covenants and agrees that Tenant shall, at Tenant's sole cost and expense, comply at all times with all Requirements governing the use, generation, storage, treatment and/or disposal of any "Hazardous Materials" (as defined below), the presence of which results from or in connection with the act or omission of Tenant or Persons Within Tenant's Control or the breach of this lease by Tenant or Persons Within Tenant's Control. The term Hazardous Materials shall mean any biologically or chemically active or other toxic or hazardous wastes, pollutants or substances, including, without limitation, asbestos, PCB, petroleum products and by-products, substances defined or listed as "hazardous substances" or "toxic substances" or similarly identified in or pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, 42 U.S.C. '9601 et seq., and as hazardous wastes under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, 42 U.S.C. '6010 et seq., any chemical substance or mixture regulated under the Toxic Substance Control Act of 1976, as amended, 15 U.S.C. 2601, et seq., any "toxic pollutant" under the Clean Water Act, 33 U.S.C. '466 et seq., as amended, any hazardous air pollutant under the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. '7401 et seq., hazardous materials identified in or pursuant to the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act, 49 U.S.C. '1802, et seq., and any hazardous or toxic substances or pollutant regulated under any other Requirements. Tenant shall agree to execute, from tine to time, at Landlord's request, affidavits, representations and the like concerning Tenant's best knowledge and belief regarding the presence of Hazardous Materials in, on, under or about the demised premises, 9 the Building or the Real Property. Tenant shall indemnify and hold harmless all Indemnities from and against any loss, cost, damage, liability or expense (including attorneys' fees and disbursements) arising by reason of any clean up, removal, remediation, detoxification action or any other activity required or recommended of any Indemnities by any Governmental Authority by reason of the presence in or about the Building or the demised premises of any Hazardous Materials, as a result of or in connection with the act or omission of Tenant or Persons Within Tenant's Control or the breach of this lease by Tenant or Persons Within Tenant's Control. However, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this paragraph, the provisions of this paragraph shall only apply and be limited to the extent any such failure to comply therewith is caused by Tenant or Persons Within Tenant's Control, and shall not apply to any violation which may have existed prior to the execution of this lease. Furthermore, Landlord covenants and agrees that the Building and/or the demised premises do not contain levels of asbestos containing materials or any other Hazardous Materials above or exceeding Requirements. If at any time during the Demised Term, or any renewals thereof, it is determined that the levels of asbestos containing materials or any other Hazardous Materials exceed any such Requirements, Tenant shall have the right and option to terminate this Lease immediately upon such occurrence, with written notice to Landlord. The foregoing covenants and indemnity shall survive the expiration or any termination of this lease. c. If Tenant shall receive notice of any violation of, or defaults under, any Requirements, liens or other encumbrances applicable to the demised premises, Tenant shall give prompt notice thereof to Landlord. d. If any governmental license or permit shall be required for the proper and lawful conduct of Tenant's business and if the failure to secure such license or permit would, in any way, affect Landlord or the Building, then Tenant, at Tenant's expense, shall promptly procure and thereafter maintain, submit for inspection by Landlord, and at all times comply with the terms and conditions of, each such license or permit. e. Tenant, at Tenant's sole cost and expense and after notice to Landlord, may contest, by appropriate proceedings prosecuted diligently and in good faith, the legality or applicability of any Requirement affecting the demised premises provided that: (a) neither Landlord nor any Indemnitee, shall be subject to criminal penalties, nor shall the Real Property or any part thereof be subject to being condemned or vacated, nor shall the certificate of occupancy for the demised premises or the Building be suspended. or threatened to be suspended, by reason of non-compliance or by reason of such contest; (b) before the commencement of such contest, if Landlord or any Indemnities may be subject to any civil fines or penalties or if Landlord may be liable to any independent third party as a result of such non-compliance, then Tenant shall] furnish to Landlord either (I) a bond of a surety company satisfactory to Landlord, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Landlord, and in an amount at least equal to Landlord's estimate of the sum of (A) the cost of such compliance, (B) the penalties or fines that may accrue by reason of such non-compliance (as reasonably estimated by Landlord) and (C) the amount of such liability to independent third parties, and shall indemnify Landlord (and any Indemnities) against the cost of such compliance and liability resulting from or incurred in connection with such contest or 10 non-compliance; or (ii) other security satisfactory in all respects to Landlord; (c) such non-compliance or contest shall not constitute or result in a violation (either with the giving of notice or the passage of time or both) of the terms of any mortgage or superior lease affecting the Building, or if such superior lease or mortgage conditions such non-compliance or contest upon the taking of action or furnishing of security by Landlord, such action shall be taken or such security shall be furnished at the expense of Tenant; and (d) Tenant shall keep Landlord regularly advised as to the status at such proceedings. f. For the purposes of this Article, and elsewhere in this lease, (I) the term "Persons Within Tenant's Control" shall mean and include Tenant, all of Tenant's respective principals, officers, agents, contractors, servants, employees, licensees and invitees; (ii) the term "Requirements" shall mean all present and future laws, ordinances, requirements, orders, directives, rules and regulations of federal, state, county and city governments and of all other governmental authorities having or claiming jurisdiction over the Real Property; (iii) the term 'Indemnities" shall mean Landlord, its trustees, partners, shareholders, officers, directors, employees, agents and contractors and the managing agent, if any (and the partners, shareholders, officers, directors and employees and contractors of such managing agent), of Landlord; and (iv) the term "Governmental Authority" shall mean The United States of America, the State of New York, the County of Nassau, the Village of Lake Success, any political subdivision thereof and any agency, department, commission, board, bureau or instrumentality of any of the foregoing, now existing or hereafter created, having jurisdiction over the Building, the Real Property, or any portion thereof. END OF TERM 16. a. Upon the expiration or other termination of the Demised Term, Tenant shall quit and surrender to Landlord the demised premises, broom clean, in good order and condition, ordinary wear excepted, and Tenant shall remove all of its property, and shall repair all damage to the demised premises or the Building occasioned by such removal. Any property not removed from the premises shall be deemed abandoned by Tenant and may be disposed of in any manner deemed appropriate by the Landlord. Tenant expressly waives, for itself and for any person claiming through or under Tenant, any rights which Tenant or any such person may have under the provisions of Section 2201 of the New York Civil Practice Law and Rules and of any successor law of like import then in force, in connection with any holdover summary proceedings which Landlord may institute to enforce the foregoing provisions of this Article. Tenant's obligation to observe or perform this covenant shall survive the expiration or other termination of the Demised Term. If the last day of the Demised Term or any removal hereof falls on Sunday or a legal holiday, this lease shall expire on the business day immediately preceding. b. Tenant acknowledges that possession of the demised premises must be surrendered to Landlord at the expiration or sooner termination of the Demised Term. Tenant hereby agrees to indemnify and save Landlord harmless against any and all costs, damages, claims, loss or liability resulting from delay by Tenant in so surrendering the demised premises, including, without limitation, any claims made by any succeeding tenant, founded on such delay. The parties recognize 11 and agree that the damage to landlord resulting from any failure by Tenant timely to surrender possession of the demised premises as aforesaid will be extremely substantial, will exceed the amount of monthly rent theretofore payable hereunder, and will be impossible of accurate measurement. Tenant therefore agrees that if possession of the demised premises is not surrendered to landlord on or before the date of the expiration or other termination of the Demised Term, time being of the essence with respect thereto, then, in addition to any other remedies and/or damages otherwise available to Landlord hereunder or at law, Tenant agrees to pay Landlord, for each month and for each portion of any month during which Tenant holds over in the demised premises after expiration or other termination of the Demised Term, a sum equal to two (2) times the rent and additional rent (inclusive of escalations) that was payable per month under this lease during the last month of the term thereof. Nothing contained herein shall be construed to constitute Landlord's consent to Tenant remaining in possession of the demised premises after the expiration or other termination of the Demised Term. Landlord shall be entitled to pursue any action necessary to recover immediate possession of the demised premises notwithstanding Tenant's payment of the aforementioned sum. The aforesaid provisions of this paragraph shall survive the expiration or sooner termination of the demised Term. QUIET ENJOYMENT 17. Landlord covenants and agrees with Tenant that upon Tenant paying the rent and additional rent and observing and performing all the terms, covenants and conditions on Tenant's part to be observed and performed, Tenant may peaceably and quietly enjoy the demised premises during the Demised Term without hindrance or molestation by anyone claiming by or through Landlord, subject, nevertheless, to the terms, covenants and conditions of this lease including, but not limited to, Article 22. SIGNS 18. Tenant may place on the outside of the Building a sign in size and type to be approved by the Landlord which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld and which sign shall be in conformity with applicable laws ordinances, and regulations. Tenant shall remove such sign at the expiration or other termination of this Lease and shall repair any damage resulting from the installation, maintenance, or removal of the sign. The exterior of the Building is not a part of the demised premises, and accordingly, Tenant (except pursuant to this Article) may not place or install anything on the exterior of the Building. RULES AND REGULATIONS 19. Tenant and Tenant's agents, employees, visitors, and licensees shall faithfully comply with the Rules and Regulations set forth on Schedule A annexed hereto and made part hereof, and with such further reasonable Rules and Regulations as Landlord at any time may make and communicate in writing to Tenant which, in the Landlord's judgment, shall be necessary for the reputation, safety, care or appearance of the Building and land allocated to it or the preservation of 12 good order therein, or the operation or maintenance of the Building, its equipment and such land, or the more useful occupancy or the comfort of the tenants or others in the Building. Landlord shall not be liable to Tenant for the violation of any of said Rules and Regulations, or the breach of any covenant or condition of any lease by any other tenant in the Building. Rules and Regulations shall be uniformly applied where possible. ASSIGNMENT AND SUBLETTING 20. a. Tenant, for itself, its successors, undertenants and assigns, (all of the foregoing hereinafter referred to as the "Tenant") expressly covenants that it shall not assign, mortgage or encumber this agreement, nor underlet the demised premises or any part thereof, or license or permit the demised premises or any part thereof to be used by others, without the prior written consent of the Landlord in each instance (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), and otherwise upon due compliance with the provisions of this Article 20. b. Prior to requesting the approval of Landlord to an assignment or subletting as hereinafter provided, Tenant shall, by notice as provided in Article 34, advise the Landlord of all the terms, covenants and conditions of the Tenant's proposed sublease or assignment. c. Upon Tenant's due compliance with the aforesaid provisions of this Article 20, Landlord agrees not to unreasonably withhold its consent to an assignment or subletting, provided that the Tenant is not then in default under this lease and that the proposed assignee or undertenant is financially responsible, of good reputation and engaged in a business compatible with the business generally carried on in the Building and that the proposed assignment or sublease would not be inconsistent with any agreement previously made with any other tenant, and further provided that such assignee or undertenant shall execute and deliver to Landlord an assumption agreement wherein it agrees to perform all the obligations of the Tenant under this lease in form appropriate for recording. d. No assignment of this lease or underletting of the demised premises shall release or discharge the Tenant hereunder from any of its obligations to be performed under this lease. The consent by Landlord to an assignment or underletting shall not in any way be construed to relieve Tenant from obtaining the express consent in writing of Landlord to any further assignment or underletting. e. Anything contained in this Article 20 to the contrary notwithstanding, Tenant, without having to obtain the consent of Landlord, may assign this lease to any successor by merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of the assets or stock of Tenant (whether or not Tenant survives such merger, consolidation or sale) and may sublet the demised premises, or assign this lease, to any entity that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with Tenant, provided that (1) in the case of an assignment, the net worth of the assignee (in the case of a merger, consolidation or sale, after giving effect to such merger, consolidation or sale), is not less than the net worth of the Tenant named herein as of the date hereof, and (2) a copy of said assignment, in 13 recordable form, containing a full assumption by the assignee of all the Tenant's obligations hereunder, or said sublease, as the case may be, is delivered to the Landlord prior to the effective date thereof. Tenant shall provide Landlord with evidence reasonably satisfactory to Landlord regarding the net worth of such assignee, where applicable. f. Except as expressly otherwise provided in Section 20.e hereof, the following shall be deemed an "assignment" of this lease for the purposes of Article 20: i. an assignment of a part interest in this lease; ii. one or more sales or transfers, by operation of law or otherwise, or creation of new stock or issuance of additional shares of stock, resulting in a transfer of at least fifty-one (51%) percent of the out- standing stock of Tenant, if Tenant is a corporation, or of any corporate subtenant, except that the transfer of the outstanding capital stock of any corporate tenant, or subtenant, shall be deemed not to include the sale of such stock by persons or parties, other than those deemed "affiliates" of Tenant within the meaning of Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, through the "over-the-counter market" or through any recognized stock exchange; iii. one or more sales or transfers, by operation of law or otherwise, resulting in a transfer of at least fifty-one (51%) percent of the total interests in Tenant, if Tenant is a partnership, or in any partnership subtenant; or iv. Tenant's entering into a takeover agreement affecting this lease. For the purposes of this Article 20, a modification, amendment or extension of a sublease shall be deemed a sublease. g. If Tenant assigns, sells, conveys, transfers, mortgages, pledges or sublets this lease, the demised premises, or any portion thereof in violation of this Article 20, or if the demised premises are occupied by anybody other than Tenant, Landlord may collect rent from any assignee, sublessee or anyone who claims a right to this Agreement or letting or who occupies the demised premises, and Landlord shall apply the net amount collected to the annual rental herein reserved; and no such collection shall be deemed a waiver by Landlord of the covenants contained in this Article nor an acceptance by Landlord of any such assignee, sublessee, claimant or occupant as Tenant, nor a release of Tenant from the further performance by Tenant of the covenants contained herein. LANDLORD'S ACCESS TO PREMISES 21. a. Landlord or Landlord's agents shall have the right to enter and/or pass through the demised premises at all times to examine the same, to show them to mortgagees, ground lessors, prospective purchasers or lessees or mortgagees of the Building, and to make such repairs, improvements or additions as Landlord may deem necessary or desirable and Landlord shall be 14 allowed to take all material into and upon and/or through said demised premises that may be required therefor. During the one (1) year prior to the expiration of the Demised Term, or any renewal term, Landlord may exhibit the demised premises to prospective tenants or purchasers at all reasonable hours and without unreasonably interfering with Tenant's business. If Tenant shall not be personally present to open and permit an entry into said premises, at any time, when for any reason an entry therein shall be necessary or permissible, Landlord or Landlord's agents may enter the same by a master key, without rendering Landlord or such agent liable therefor (if during such entry Landlord or Landlord's agents shall accord reasonable care to Tenant's property). If during the last month of the Demised Term, Tenant shall have removed all of Tenant's property therefrom, Landlord may immediately enter, alter, renovate or redecorate the demised premises without limitation or abatement of rent, or incurring liability to Tenant for any compensation and such act shall have no effect on this lease or Tenant's obligations hereunder. b. Landlord shall also have the right at any time to use, maintain and replace pipes and conduits in and through the demised premises and to erect new pipes and conduits therein, to change the arrangement and/or location of entrances or passageways, doors and doorways, and corridors, elevators, stairs, toilets or other public parts of the Building, provided, however, that Landlord shall make no change in the arrangement and/or location of entrances or passageways or other public parts of the Building which will adversely affect in any material manner Tenant's use and enjoyment of the demised premises. Landlord shall also have the right, at any time, to name the Building, to display appropriate signs and/or lettering on any or all entrances to the Building, and to change the name, number or designation by which the Building is commonly known. c. Neither this lease nor any use by Tenant shall give Tenant any right or easement to the use of any door or passage or concourse connecting with any other building or to any public conveniences, and the use of such doors and passages and concourse and of such conveniences may be regulated and/or discontinued at any time and from time to time by Landlord without notice to Tenant. d. The exercise by Landlord or its agents of any right reserved to Landlord in this Article shall not constitute an actual or constructive eviction, in whole or in part, or entitle Tenant to any abatement or diminution of rent, or relieve Tenant from any of its obligations under this lease, or impose any liability upon Landlord, or its agents, or upon any lessor under any ground or underlying lease, by reason of inconvenience or annoyance to Tenant, or injury to or interruption of Tenant's business, or otherwise. e. Anything contained in this Article to the contrary notwithstanding, any access to the demised premises by Landlord shall be subject to reasonable prior notice (which may be verbal) except in the event of an emergency, in which event no notice shall be necessary. SUBORDINATION 15 22. a. This lease is subject and subordinate in all respects to all ground leases and/or underlying leases and to all mortgages which may now or hereafter be placed on or affect such leases and/or the Real Property of which the demised premises form a part, or any part or parts of such real property, and/or Landlord's interest or estate therein, and to each advance made and/or hereafter to be made under any such mortgages, and to all renewals, modifications, consolidations, replacements and extensions thereof and all substitution therefor. This subparagraph a. shall be self-operative and no further instrument of subordination shall be required. In confirmation of such subordination, Tenant shall execute and deliver promptly any certificate that Landlord and/or any mortgagee and/or the lessor under any ground or underlying lease and/or their respective successors in interest may request. b. Without limitation of any of the provisions of this lease, in the event that any mortgagee or its assigns shall succeed to the interest of Landlord or of any successor-Landlord and/or shall have become lessee under a new ground or underlying lease, then, at the option of such mortgagee, this lease shall nevertheless continue in full force and effect and Tenant shall and does hereby agree to attorn to such mortgagee or its assigns and to recognize such mortgagee or its respective assigns as its Landlord. c. Tenant shall, at any time and from time to time upon not less than fifteen (15) days' prior notice by Landlord, execute, acknowledge and deliver to Landlord a statement in writing certifying that this lease is unmodified and in full force and effect (or if there have been modifications, that the same is in full force and effect as modified and stating the modifications), and the dates to which the rent, additional rent and other charges have been paid in advance, if any, and stating whether or not to the best knowledge of the signer of such certificate Landlord is in default in performance of any covenant, agreement, term, provision or condition contained in this lease and, if so, specifying each such default of which the signer may have knowledge, it being intended that any such statement delivered pursuant hereto may be relied upon by any prospective purchaser or lessee of said Real Property or any interest or estate therein, any mortgagee or prospective mortgagee thereof or any prospective assignee of any mortgage thereof. If, in connection with obtaining financing or refinancing for the Building and the land allocated to it, a banking, insurance or other recognized institutional lender shall request reasonable modifications in this lease as a condition to such financing, Tenant will not unreasonably withhold, delay or defer its consent thereto, provided that such modifications do not increase the obligations of Tenant hereunder or materially adversely affect the leasehold interest hereby created. d. Landlord shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain an agreement (a "Non-Disturbance Agreement") from The Mitsui Trust and Banking Company Limited, the holder of the mortgage encumbering the Real Property, in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit 2, in favor of Tenant, providing in substance that so long as Tenant is not in default under the terms of this lease, the right of possession of Tenant to the demised premises shall not be affected or disturbed by such holder in the exercise of any of its rights under the mortgage or any note secured thereby, and any sale of the Real Property pursuant to the exercise of any rights and remedies under the mortgage or otherwise shall be made subject to Tenant's right of possession under this lease. Such efforts shall include making a written request to each such holder for such Non-Disturbance 16 Agreement. Landlord shall incur no liability, nor shall this lease or the obligations of Tenant and Landlord hereunder be affected in any manner, in the event Landlord shall be unable to obtain a Non-Disturbance Agreement from the holder of any mortgage in favor of Tenant. Furthermore, Landlord shall not be required to incur any expense (other than a reasonable processing fee) or pay any consideration in order to obtain any Non-Disturbance Agreement in favor of Tenant. PROPERTY LOSS, DAMAGE, REIMBURSEMENT, INDEMNIFICATION 23. a. Landlord or its agents shall not be liable for any damage to property of Tenant or of others entrusted to employees of the Building, nor for the loss of or damage to any property of Tenant by theft or otherwise. Landlord or its agents shall not be liable for any injury or damage to persons or property resulting from fire, explosion, falling plaster, steam, gas, electricity, electrical disturbance, water, rain or snow or leaks from any part of the Building or from the pipes, appliances or plumbing works or from the roof, street or subsurface or from any other place or by dampness or by any other cause of whatsoever nature, unless caused by or due to the negligence of Landlord, its agents, servants or employees; nor shall Landlord or its agents be liable for any such damage caused by other tenants or persons in the Building or caused by operations in construction of any private, public or quasi public work; nor shall Landlord be liable for any latent defect in the demised premises or in the Building. If at any time any windows of the demised premises are temporarily closed or darkened incident to or for the purpose of repairs, replacements, maintenance and/or cleaning in, on, to or about the Building or any part or parts thereof, Landlord shall not be liable for any damage Tenant may sustain thereby and Tenant shall not be entitled to any compensation therefor nor abatement of rent nor shall the same release Tenant from its obligations hereunder nor constitute an eviction. Tenant shall reimburse and compensate Landlord as additional rent for all expenditures made by, or damages or fines sustained or incurred by Landlord due to non-performance or non-compliance with or breach or failure to observe any term, covenant or condition of this lease upon Tenant's part to be kept, observed, performed or complied with. Tenant shall give immediate notice to Landlord in case of fire or accidents in the demised premises or in the Building or of defects therein or in any fixtures or equipment. Insert 23 b and c b. Tenant shall indemnify and save harmless Landlord against and from any and all claims by and on behalf of any person or persons, firm or firms, corporation or corporations arising from the conduct or management of or from any work or thing whatsoever done (other than by Landlord or its contractors or the agents or employees of either) in and on the demised premises during the Demised Term and during the period of time, if any, prior to the Term Commencement Date that Tenant may have been given access to the demised premises for the purpose of making installations, and will further indemnify and save harmless Landlord against and from any and all claims arising from any condition of the demised premises due to or arising from any act or omission or negligence of Tenant or any of its agents, contractors, servants, employees, licensees or invitees, and against and from all costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with any such claim or claims or action or proceeding brought thereon; and in case any action or proceeding be brought against Landlord by reason of any such claim, Tenant, upon notice from Landlord, agrees that 17 Tenant, at Tenant's expense, will resist or defend such action or proceeding and will employ counsel therefor reasonably satisfactory to Landlord. Tenant's liability under this lease extends to the acts and omissions of any subtenant, and any agent, contractor, employee, invitee or licensee of any subtenant. c. Landlord shall indemnify and save harmless Tenant against and from any and all claims by and on behalf of any person or persons, firm or firms, corporation or corporations arising from the conduct or management of or from any work or thing whatsoever done (other than by Tenant or its contractors or the agents or employees of either) in and on the demised premises during the Demised Term and during the period of time, if any, prior to the Term Commencement Date that Tenant may have been given access to the demised premises for the purpose of making installations, and will further indemnify and save harmless Tenant against and from any and all claims arising from any condition of the demised premises due to or arising from any act or omission or negligence of Landlord or any of its agents, contractors, servants, employees, licensees or invitees, and against and from all costs, expenses and liabilities incurred in connection with any such claim or claims or action or proceeding brought thereon; and in case any action or proceeding be brought against Tenant by reason of any such claim, Landlord, upon notice from Tenant, agrees that Landlord, at Landlord's expense, will resist or defend such action or proceeding, and will employ counsel therefor reasonably satisfactory to Tenant. DESTRUCTION-FIRE OR OTHER CASUALTY 24. If the demised premises shall be damaged by fire or other casualty and if Tenant shall give prompt notice to Landlord of such damage, Landlord, at Landlord's expense, shall promptly repair such damage. However, Landlord shall have no obligation to repair any damage to, or to replace, Tenant's personal property or any other property or effects of Tenant. If the entire demised premises shall be rendered untenantable by reason of any such damage, the rent shall abate for the period from the date of such damage to the date when such damage shall have been repaired, and if only a part of the demised premises shall be so rendered untenantable, the rent shall abate for such period in the proportion which the area of the part of the demised premises so rendered untenantable bears to the total area of the demised premises. However, if prior to the date when all of such damage shall have been repaired any part of the demised premises so damaged shall be rendered tenantable and shall be used or occupied by Tenant or any person or persons claiming through or under Tenant, then the amount by which the rent shall abate shall be equitably apportioned for the period from the date of any such use or occupancy to the date when all such damage shall have been repaired. Tenant hereby expressly waives the provisions of Section 227 of the New York Real Property Law, and of any successor law of like import then in force, and Tenant agrees that the provisions of this Article shall govern and control in lieu thereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section, if, prior to or during the Demised Term, (i) the demised premises shall be totally damaged or rendered wholly untenantable by fire or other casualty, and if Landlord shall decide not to restore the demised premises, or (ii) the Building shall be so damaged by fire or other casualty that, in Landlord's opinion, substantial alteration, demolition, or reconstruction of the Building shall be required (whether or not the demised premises shall be damaged or rendered untenantable), then, in 18 any of such events, Landlord at Landlord's option, may give to Tenant, within ninety (90) calendar days after such fire or other casualty, a thirty (30) calendar days' notice of termination of this lease and, in the event such notice is given, this lease and the Demised Term shall come to an end and expire (whether or not said term shall have commenced) upon the expiration of said thirty (30) calendar days with the same effect as if the date of expiration of said thirty (30) calendar days were the Expiration Date, the rent shall be apportioned as of such date and any prepaid portion of rent for any period after such date shall be refunded by Landlord to Tenant. SUBROGATION 25. Each of the parties hereto and their successors or assigns hereby waives any and all rights of action for negligence against the other party hereto which may hereafter arise for damage to the premises or to property therein resulting from any fire or other casualty of the kind covered by standard fire insurance policies with extended coverage, regardless of whether or not, or in what amounts, such insurance is now or hereafter carried by the parties hereto, or either of them. The foregoing release and waiver shall be in force only if both releasors' insurance policies contain a clause providing that such a release or waiver shall not invalidate the insurance and also provided that such a policy can be obtained without additional premiums. Both parties agree to use their best efforts to obtain and maintain a waiver of subrogation from their respective carriers if they are insured. EMINENT DOMAIN 26. a. In the event that the whole of the demised premises shall be lawfully condemned or taken in any manner for any public or quasi-public use, this lease and the term and estate hereby granted shall forthwith cease and terminate as of the date of vesting of title. In the event that only one part of the demised premises shall be so condemned or taken, then, effective as of the date of vesting of title, the rent hereunder shall be abated in an amount thereof apportioned according to the area of the demised premises so condemned or taken. In the event that only a part of the Building shall be so condemned or taken, then (a) Landlord (whether or not the demised premises be affected) may, at its option, terminate this lease and the term and estate hereby granted as of the date of such vesting of title by notifying Tenant in writing of such termination within 60 days following the date on which Landlord shall have received notice of vesting of title, and (b) if such condemnation or taking shall be of a substantial part of the demised premises or of a substantial part of the means of access thereto, Tenant shall have the right, by delivery of notice in writing to Landlord within 60 days following the date on which Tenant shall have received notice of vesting of title, to terminate this lease and the term and estate hereby granted as of the date of vesting of title or (c) if neither Landlord nor Tenant elects to terminate this lease, as aforesaid, this lease shall be and remain unaffected by such condemnation or taking, except that the rent shall be abated to the extent, if any, hereinabove provided in this Article 26. In the event that only a part of the demised premises shall be so condemned or taken and this lease and the term and estate hereby granted are not terminated as hereinbefore provided, Landlord will, at its expense, restore the remaining portion of the demised premises as nearly as practicable to the same condition as it was in prior to such condemnation or taking. 19 b. In the event of a termination in any of the cases hereinabove provided, this lease and the term and estate granted shall expire as of the date of such termination with the same effect as if that were the date hereinbefore set for the expiration of the Demised Term, and the rent hereunder shall be apportioned as of such date. c. In the event of any condemnation or taking hereinabove mentioned of all or a part of the Building, Landlord shall be entitled to receive the entire award in the condemnation proceeding, including any award made for the value of the estate vested by this lease in Tenant, and Tenant hereby expressly assigns to Landlord any and all right, title and interest of Tenant now or hereafter arising in or to any such award or any part thereof, and Tenant shall be entitled to receive no part of such award, except that the Tenant may file a claim for any taking of removable fixtures owned by Tenant and for moving expenses incurred by Tenant. It is expressly understood and agreed that the provisions of this Article 26 shall not be applicable to any condemnation or taking for governmental occupancy for a limited period. LIABILITY INSURANCE 27. a. Tenant will keep in force, at Tenant's expense at all times during the Demised Term and during such other times as Tenant occupies the demised premises or any part thereof: i. commercial general liability insurance or comprehensive general liability insurance with broad form endorsement with respect to the demised premises and the operation of Tenant and any Persons under Tenant's Control in, on or about the demised premises in which the limits of coverage shall be not less than Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) combined single limit per occurrence; ii. statutory workers' compensation coverage and employers' liability as required by state law; iii. business interruption insurance for a period of not less than one year and such other insurance as Tenant deems necessary to protect its property and its business against all perils commonly insured against by prudent tenants; iv. such other insurance with respect to the demised premises and in such amounts as Landlord may from time to time reasonably require against such other insurable hazards or risks which at the time are commonly insured against in the case of property similar to the demised premises and used as provided herein. b. The foregoing limits shall be increased from time to time in the event that Landlord, in its reasonable judgment, shall determine that the amounts of insurance are inadequate 20 to pay any claims that may be brought under the foregoing policies. All policies required by this lease shall be written on an occurrence basis. Such policies are to be written by a company having a general policy holder's rating of not less than A and a rating in financial size of not less than XI, as rated in the most current "Best's" insurance reports, and authorized and licensed to issue such policies in the State of New York. Any such insurance required of Tenant hereunder may be furnished by Tenant under any blanket policy carried by it, providing the policy properly allocates the required limits to the demised premises, or under a separate policy thereof. Each policy evidencing insurance as required to be carried by Tenant pursuant to this Article shall contain the following provisions and/or clauses: (i) a cross-liability clause; (ii) a provision that such policy and the coverage carried by Landlord shall be excess insurance; (iii) a provision including Landlord, Landlord's managing agent and other parties (including mortgagees) designated by Landlord as additional insureds with respect to commercial general liability insurance; (iv) a waiver by the insurer of any right of subrogation against Landlord, its agents, employees and representatives which arises or might arise by reason of any payment under such policy or by reasons of any act or omission of Landlord, its agents, employees, or representatives; (v) a severability clause; and (vi) a provision that the insurer will not cancel, materially change, reduce aggregates or coverage or fail to renew the coverage provided by such policy without first giving Landlord and all additional insureds thirty (30) days' prior written notice. c. A copy of each paid-up policy or certificate of insurance accompanied by original endorsements signed by the insurance company evidencing the policies required hereunder, along with evidence of payment and appropriately authenticated by the insurer or its authorized agent certifying that such policy has been issued providing the coverage required by this Article, and containing provisions specified herein, shall be delivered to Landlord not less than fifteen (15) days prior to the earlier of (x) the Term Commencement Date, or (y) the date Tenant shall first take possession of the demised premises for any purpose, and, upon renewals, not less than thirty (30) days prior to the expiration of such coverage. d. If Tenant fails to deliver to Landlord on time any required evidence of insurance coverage, or fails to carry any insurance required hereunder, or by law or governmental regulations, then Landlord may (but is not obligated to) purchase the required coverage on behalf of Tenant, as provided above, in which event Tenant shall pay to Landlord on demand the cost of such insurance coverage plus ten percent (10%) of the amount of such cost as a service charge to Landlord. No such purchase by Landlord shall be deemed a waiver of Tenant's default and Landlord may pursue its full rights and remedies on account of such default. DEFAULT 28. a. Upon the occurrence at any time prior to or during the Demised Term, of any one or more of the following events (referred to as "Events of Default"): i. if Tenant shall fail to pay when due or within the applicable grace period any installment of rent or additional rent, and such default shall continue for a period of five (5) days after notice by Landlord to Tenant of such default; or 21 ii. if Tenant shall default in the observance or performance of any term, covenant or condition of this lease on Tenant's part to be observed or performed (other than the covenants for the payment of rent and additional rent) and Tenant shall fail to remedy such default within ten (10) days after notice by Landlord to Tenant of such default, or if such default is of such a nature that it cannot be completely remedied within said period of ten (10) days and Tenant shall not commence within said period of ten (10) days, or shall not thereafter diligently prosecute to completion, all steps necessary to remedy such default; or iii. if Tenant or Tenant's guarantor hereunder (if any) shall file a voluntary petition in bankruptcy or insolvency, or shall be adjudicated a bankrupt or become insolvent, or shall file any petition or answer seeking any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under the present or any future federal bankruptcy act or any other present or future applicable federal, state or other statute or law, or shall make an assignment for the benefit of creditors or shall seek or consent to or acquiesce in the appointment of any trustee, receiver or liquidator of Tenant or of all or any part of Tenant's property; or iv. if, within thirty (30) days after the commencement of any proceeding against Tenant, whether by the filing of a petition or otherwise, seeking any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under the present or any future federal bankruptcy act or other present of future applicable federal, state or other statute or law, such proceeding shall not have been dismissed, or if, within thirty (30) days after the appointment of any trustee, receiver or liquidator of Tenant, or of all or any part of Tenant's property, without the consent or acquiescence of Tenant, such appointment shall not have been vacated or otherwise discharged, or if any execution or attachment shall be issued against Tenant or any of Tenant's property pursuant to which the demised premises shall be taken or occupied or attempted to be taken or occupied; or v. if Tenant shall default in the observance or performance of any term, covenant or condition on Tenant's part to be observed or performed under any other lease with Landlord of space in the Building and such default shall continue beyond any grace period set forth in such other lease for the remedying of such default; or vi. if the demised premises shall become vacant, deserted or abandoned; or vii. if Tenant's interest in this lease shall devolve upon or pass to any person, whether by operation of law or otherwise, except as expressly permitted under Article 20; then, upon the occurrence, at any time prior to or during the Demised Term, of any one or more of such Events of Default, Landlord, at any time thereafter, at Landlord's option, may give to Tenant a five (5) days' notice of termination of this lease and, in the event such notice is given, this lease 22 and the Demised Term shall come to an end and expire (whether or not said term shall have commenced) upon the expiration of said five (5) days with the same effect as if the date of expiration of said five (5) days were the Expiration Date, but Tenant shall remain liable for damages as provided in Article 29. b. If, at any time, (I) Tenant shall be comprised of two (2) or more persons, or (ii) Tenant's obligations under this lease shall have been guaranteed by any person other than Tenant, or (iii) Tenant's interest in this lease shall have been assigned, the word "Tenant", as used in subsection (iii) and (iv) of Section 28.a, shall be deemed to mean any one or more of the persons primarily or secondarily liable for Tenant's obligations under this lease. Any moneys received by Landlord from or on behalf of Tenant during the pendency of any proceeding of the types referred to in said subsections (iii) and (iv) shall be deemed paid as compensation for the use and occupation of the demised premises and the acceptance of any such compensation by Landlord shall not be deemed an acceptance of rent or a waiver on the part of Landlord of any rights under Section 28.a. REMEDIES 29. a. If Tenant shall fail to pay when due or within the applicable grace period any installment of rent or additional rent and such default shall continue for a period of five (5) days after notice by Landlord to Tenant of such default, or if this lease and the Demised Term shall expire and come to an end as provided in Article 28: i. Landlord and its agents and servants may immediately, or at any time after such default or after the date upon which this lease and the Demised Term shall expire and come to an end, re-enter the demised premises or any part thereof, without notice, either by summary proceedings or by any other applicable action or proceeding, or by force or otherwise (without being liable to indictment, prosecution or damages therefor), and may repossess the demised premises and dispossess Tenant and any other persons from the demised premises and remove any and all of their property and effects from the demised premises; and ii. Landlord, at Landlord's option, may relet the whole or any part or parts of the demised premises from time to time, either in the name of Landlord or otherwise, to such tenant or tenants, for such term or terms ending before, on or after the Expiration Date, at such rental or rentals and upon such other conditions, which may include concessions and free rent periods, as Landlord, in its sole discretion, may determine. Landlord shall have no obligation to relet the demised premises or any part thereof and shall in no event be liable for refusal or failure to relet the demised premises or any part thereof, or, in the event of any such reletting, for refusal or failure to collect any rent due upon any such reletting, and no such refusal or failure shall operate to relieve Tenant of any liability under this lease or otherwise to affect any such liability. Landlord, at Landlord's option, may make such repairs, replacements, alterations, additions, improvements, decorations and other physical changes in and to the demised premises as Landlord, in its sole discretion, considers advisable or necessary in connection with any such reletting or proposed reletting, without relieving Tenant of any liability under this lease or otherwise affecting any such liability. 23 b. Tenant, on its own behalf and on behalf of all persons claiming through or under Tenant, including all creditors, does hereby waive any and all rights which Tenant and all such persons might otherwise have under any present or future law to redeem the demised premises, or to re-enter or repossess the demised premises, or to restore the operation of this lease, after (I) Tenant shall have been dispossessed by a judgment or by warrant of any court or judge, or (ii) any re-entry by Landlord, or (iii) any expiration or termination of this lease and the Demised Term, whether such dispossess, re-entry, expiration or termination shall be by operation of law or pursuant to the provisions of this lease. In the event of a breach or threatened breach by Tenant, or any persons claiming through or under Tenant, of any term, covenant or condition of this lease on Tenant's part to be observed or performed, Landlord shall have the right to enjoin such breach and the right to invoke any other remedy allowed by law or in equity as if re-entry, summary proceedings and other special remedies were not provided in this lease for such breach. The rights to invoke the remedies hereinbefore set forth are cumulative and shall not preclude Landlord from invoking any other remedy allowed by law or in equity. DAMAGES 30. a. If this lease and the Demised Term shall expire and come to an end as provided in Article 28 or by or under any summary proceeding or any other action or proceeding, or if Landlord shall re-enter the demised premises as provided in Article 29 or by or under any summary proceeding or any other action or proceeding, then, in any of said events: i. Tenant shall pay to Landlord all rent, additional rent and other charges payable under this lease by Tenant to Landlord to the date upon which this lease and the Demised Term shall have expired and come to an end or to the date of re-entry upon the demised premises by Landlord, as the case may be; and ii. Tenant shall also be liable for and shall pay to Landlord, as damages, any deficiency (referred to as "Deficiency") between the rent and additional rent reserved in this lease for the period which otherwise would have constituted the unexpired portion of the Demised Term and the net amount, if any, of rents collected under any reletting effected pursuant to the provisions of Section 29.a for any part of such period (first deducting from the rents collected under any such reletting all of Landlord's expenses in connection with the termination of this lease or Landlord's re-entry upon the demised premises and such reletting including, but not limited to, all repossession costs, brokerage commissions, legal expenses, attorney's fees, alteration costs and other expenses of preparing the demised premises for such reletting). Any such Deficiency shall be paid in monthly installments by Tenant on the days specified in this lease for payment of installments of rent. Landlord shall be entitled to recover from Tenant each monthly Deficiency as the same shall arise, and no suit to collect the amount of the Deficiency for any month shall prejudice Landlord's right to collect the Deficiency for any subsequent month by a similar proceeding; and 24 iii. At any time after the Demised Term shall have expired and come to an end or Landlord shall have re-entered upon the demised premises, as the case may be, whether or not Landlord shall have collected any monthly Deficiencies as aforesaid, Landlord shall be entitled to recover from Tenant, and Tenant shall pay to Landlord, on demand, as and for liquidated and agreed final damages, a sum equal to the amount by which the rent and additional rent reserved in this lease for the period which otherwise would have constituted the unexpired portion of the Demised Term exceeds the then fair and reasonable rental value of the demised premises for the same period, both discounted to present worth at the rate of four (4%) per cent per annum. If, before presentation of proof of such liquidated damages to any court, commission or tribunal, the demised premises, or any part thereof, shall have been relet by Landlord for the period which otherwise would have constituted the unexpired portion of the Demised Term, or any part thereof, the amount of rent reserved upon such reletting shall be deemed, prima facie, to be the fair and reasonable rental value for the part or the whole of the demised premises so relet during the term of the reletting. b. If the demised premises, or any part thereof, shall be relet together with other space in the Building, the rents collected or reserved under any such reletting and the expenses of any such reletting shall be equitably apportioned for the purposes of this Article 30. Tenant shall in no event be entitled to any rents collected or payable under any reletting, whether or not such rents shall exceed the rent reserved in this lease. Solely for the purposes of this Article, the term rent as used in Section 30.a shall mean the rent in effect immediately prior to the date upon which this lease and the Demised Term shall have expired and come to an end, or the date of re-entry upon the demised premises by Landlord, as the case may be, plus any additional rent payable pursuant to the provisions of Articles 8 & 9 for the Lease Year immediately preceding such event. Nothing contained in Articles 28 and 29 or this Article shall be deemed to limit or preclude the recovery by Landlord from Tenant of the maximum amount allowed to be obtained as damages by any statute or rule of law, or of any sums or damages to which Landlord may be entitled in addition to the damages set forth in Section 30.a. FEES AND EXPENSES 31. a. If Tenant shall default in the performance of any covenant on Tenant's part to be performed in this lease contained, Landlord may immediately, or at any time thereafter, without notice, perform the same for the account of Tenant. If Landlord at any time is compelled to pay or elects to pay any sum of money, or do any act which will require the payment of any sum of money, by reason of the failure of Tenant to comply with any provision hereof, or, if Landlord is compelled to or does incur any expense including reasonable attorneys' fees, instituting, prosecuting and/or defending any action or proceeding instituted by reason of any default of Tenant hereunder, the sum or sums so paid by Landlord with all interest, costs and damages, shall be deemed to be additional rent hereunder and shall be due from Tenant to Landlord on the first day of the month following the incurring of such respective expenses, or at Landlord's option on the first day of any subsequent month. In the event that Landlord shall institute any such action or proceeding by reason of a default by Tenant. hereunder, and Tenant shall thereafter cure such default before judgment is entered in such action or proceeding, the sum of $500 shall immediately become due and payable from Tenant 25 to Landlord as and for liquidated damages on account of Landlord's attorneys' fees and other costs and expenses in connection therewith (said sum not to be deemed to be, or construed as, a limitation on Landlord's right to obtain reasonable attorneys' fees in a greater amount where such default is not so cured). Any sum of money (other than rent) accruing from Tenant to Landlord pursuant to any provision of this lease, whether prior to or after the Term Commencement Date, may, at Landlord's option, be deemed additional rent, and Landlord shall have the same remedies for Tenant's failure to pay any item of additional rent when due as for Tenant's failure to pay any installment of rent when due. Tenant's obligations under this Article shall survive the expiration or sooner termination of the Demised Term. b. If any legal action or proceeding is brought by either party against the other pertaining to or arising out of this lease, the final prevailing party shall be entitled to recover all costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, incurred on account of such action or proceeding. NO WAIVER 32. a. No act or thing done by Landlord or Landlord's agents during the Demised Term hereby demised shall be deemed an acceptance of a surrender of said demised premises, and no agreement to accept such surrender shall be valid unless in writing signed by Landlord. No employee of Landlord or of Landlord's agents shall have any power to accept the keys of said demised premises prior to the termination of this lease. The delivery of keys to any employee of Landlord or of Landlord's agents shall not operate as a termination of this lease or a surrender of the demised premises. In the event of Tenant at any time desiring to have Landlord underlet the demised premises for Tenant's account, Landlord or Landlord's agents are authorized to receive said keys for such purposes without releasing Tenant from any of the obligations under this lease, and Tenant hereby relieves Landlord of any liability for loss of or damage to any of Tenant's effects in connection with such underletting. The failure of Landlord to seek redress for violation of, or to insist upon the strict performance of, any covenant or condition of this lease, or any of the Rules and Regulations annexed hereto and made a part hereof, or hereafter adopted by Landlord, shall not prevent a subsequent act, which would have originally constituted a violation, from having all the force and effect of an original violation. The receipt by Landlord of rent with knowledge of the breach of any covenant of this lease shall not be deemed a waiver of such breach. The failure of Landlord to enforce any of the Rules and Regulations annexed hereto and made a part hereof, or hereafter adopted against Tenant and/or any other tenant in the Building shall not be deemed a waiver of any such Rules and Regulations. No provision of this lease shall be deemed to have been waived by Landlord, unless such waiver be in writing signed by Landlord. No payment by Tenant or receipt by Landlord of a lesser amount than the monthly rent herein stipulated shall be deemed to be other than on account of the earliest stipulated rent then owing nor shall any endorsement or statement on any check or any letter accompanying any check or payment as rent be deemed an accord and satisfaction, and Landlord may accept such check or payment without prejudice to Landlord's right to recover the balance of such rent or pursue any other remedy in this lease provided. 26 b. Landlord's failure to render a Landlord's Statement with respect to any Lease Year per Articles 8 & 9 shall not prejudice Landlord's right to render a Landlord's Statement with respect to any subsequent Lease Year. The obligations of Landlord and Tenant under the provisions of Articles 8 & 9 with respect to any additional rent for any Lease Year shall survive the expiration or any sooner termination of the Demised Term. WAIVER OF TRIAL BY JURY 33. To the extent such waiver is permitted by law, Landlord and Tenant hereby waive trial by jury in any action, proceeding or counterclaim brought by Landlord or Tenant against the other on any matter whatsoever arising out of or in any way connected with this lease, the relationship of landlord and tenant, the use or occupancy of the demised premises by Tenant or any person claiming through or under Tenant, any claim of injury or damage, and any emergency or other statutory remedy. The provisions of the foregoing sentence shall survive the expiration or any sooner termination of the Demised Term. If Landlord commences any summary proceeding for nonpayment of rent or otherwise to recover possession of the demised premises, Tenant agrees not to interpose any counterclaim of any nature or description in any such proceeding except for compulsory counterclaims. BILLS AND NOTICES 34. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this lease, any bills, statements, notices, demands, requests or other communications given or required to be given under this lease shall be effective only if rendered or given in writing, sent by registered or certified mail (return receipt requested optional), addressed (A) to Tenant (I) at Tenant's address set forth in this lease if mailed prior to Tenant's taking possession of the demised premises, or (ii) at the Building if mailed subsequent to Tenant's taking possession of the demised premises with a copy to AMNEX, Inc., 100 West Lucerne Circle, Suite 100, Orlando, Florida 32801-4400 Attention: V.P. Legal, or (iii) at any place where Tenant or any agent or employee of Tenant may be found if mailed subsequent to Tenant's vacating, deserting, abandoning or surrendering the demised premises, or (B) to Landlord at Landlord's address set forth in this lease, or (C) addressed to such other address as either Landlord or Tenant may designate as its new address for such purpose by notice given to the other in accordance with the provisions of this Article. Any such bill, statement, notice, demand, request or other communication shall be deemed to have been rendered or given on the date when it shall have been mailed as provided in this Article. INABILITY TO PERFORM; INTERRUPTION OF SERVICE 35. a. If, by reason of strikes or other labor disputes, fires or other casualty (or reasonable delays in adjustment of insurance), accidents, orders or regulations of any Federal, State, County or Municipal authority, or any other cause beyond Landlord's reasonable control, whether or not such other cause shall be similar in nature to those hereinbefore enumerated, Landlord is unable to furnish or is delayed in furnishing any utility or service required to be furnished by 27 Landlord under the provisions of this lease or any collateral instrument, or is unable to perform or make or is delayed in performing or making any installations, decorations, repairs, alterations, additions or improvements, whether or not required to be performed or made under this lease or under any collateral instrument, or is unable to fulfill or is delayed in fulfilling any of Landlord's other obligations under this lease or any collateral instrument, except as set forth in Article 24, no such inability or delay shall constitute an actual or constructive eviction, in whole or in part, or impose any liability upon Landlord or its agents by reason of inconvenience or annoyance to Tenant, or injury to or interruption of Tenant's business, or otherwise, nor shall any such delay or inability to perform on the part of Landlord in any way affect this lease and the obligation of Tenant to pay rent hereunder and to perform all of the other covenants and agreements to be performed by Tenant hereunder. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary, Tenant's continuing obligation under this subparagraph a. of Article 35 to pay rent and to perform all of the other covenants and agreements of this lease agreement shall terminate in the event the Landlord's inability to furnish any utility or service or delay in furnishing any utility or service, or inability to perform or make any repairs or delay in performing or making any repairs, continues for a period of one year. b. Landlord reserves the right to stop the services of the air conditioning, elevator, escalator, plumbing, electrical or other mechanical systems or facilities in the Building when necessary by reason of accident or emergency, or for repairs, alterations, replacements or improvements which in the judgment of Landlord are desirable or necessary, until such repairs, alterations, replacements or improvements shall have been completed. In the event that Landlord is unable to complete the repairs, replacement and improvement within a reasonable amount of time which in no event shall be less than five (5) days, and further provided that the repair, alteration or improvement is significantly harming or hindering Tenant's use of the demised premises, Tenant shall be entitled to an abatement of the pro-rata share of the annual rental rate adjusted for the percentage of the Premises not useable by Tenant until the repairs, alterations, replacement or improvement is completed. The exercise of such rights by Landlord shall not constitute an actual or constructive eviction, in whole or in part, or entitle Tenant to any abatement or diminution of rent, or relieve Tenant from any of its obligations under this lease, or impose any liability upon Landlord or its agents by reason of inconvenience or annoyance to Tenant, or injury to or interruption of Tenant's business, or otherwise, except as otherwise stated in this Article. CONDITIONS OF LANDLORD'S LIABILITY 36. a. Tenant shall not be entitled to claim a constructive eviction from the demised premises unless Tenant shall have first notified Landlord of the condition or conditions giving rise thereto, and if the complaints be justified, unless Landlord shall have failed to remedy such conditions within a reasonable time after receipt of such notice. b. If Landlord shall be unable to give possession of the demised premises on any date specified for the commencement of the term by reason of the fact that the demised premises have not been sufficiently completed to make same ready for occupancy, or for any other reason, Landlord shall not be subject to any liability for the failure to give possession on said date, nor shall 28 such failure in any way affect the validity of this lease or the obligations of Tenant hereunder except that the Term Commencement Date shall be the date on which Landlord gives possession of the demised premises to Tenant. The provisions of this Article are intended to constitute "an express provision to the contrary" within the meaning of Section 223-a of the New York Real Property Law. TENANT'S TAKING POSSESSION 37. Tenant by entering into occupancy of the premises shall be conclusively deemed to have agreed that Landlord up to the time of such occupancy has performed all of its obligations hereunder and that the premises were in satisfactory condition as of the date of such occupancy, unless within ten (l0) days after such date Tenant shall give written notice to Landlord specifying the respects in which the same were not in such condition. ENTIRE AGREEMENT 38. This lease contains the entire agreement between the parties and all prior negotiations and agreements are merged herein. Neither Landlord nor Landlord's agent or representative has made any representation, or statement, or promise, upon which Tenant has relied regarding any matter or thing relating to the Building, the land allocated to it, (including the Building Parking Area and the Building C Parking Area) or the demised premises, or any other matter whatsoever, except as is expressly set forth in this lease, including, but without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any statement, representation or promise as to the fitness of the demised premises for any particular use, the services to be rendered to the demised premises or the prospective amount of any item of additional rent. No oral or written statement, representation or promise whatsoever with respect to the foregoing or any other matter made by Landlord, its agents or any broker, whether contained in an affidavit, information circular, or otherwise shall be binding upon the Landlord unless expressly set forth in this lease. No rights, easements or licenses are or shall be acquired by Tenant by implication or otherwise unless expressly set forth in this lease. This lease may not be changed, modified or discharged, in whole or in part, orally, and no executory agreement shall be effective to change, modify or discharge, in whole or in part, this lease or any obligations under this lease, unless such agreement is set forth in a written instrument executed by the party against whom enforcement of the change, modification or discharge is sought. All references in this lease to the consent or approval of Landlord shall be deemed to mean the written consent of Landlord, or the written approval of Landlord, as the case may be, and no consent or approval of Landlord shall be effective for any purpose unless such consent or approval is set forth in a written instrument executed by Landlord. DEFINITIONS 39. The term "landlord" as used in this lease means only the owner, or the mortgagee in possession, for the time being of the land and Building (or the owner of a lease of the Building or of the land and Building) of which the demised premises form a part, so that in the event of any sale or other transfer of said land and Building or of said lease, or in the event of a lease of the Building, or of the land and Building, 29 the said Landlord shall be and hereby is entirely freed and relieved of all covenants and obligations of Landlord hereunder, and it shall be deemed and construed as a covenant running with the land without further agreement between the parties or their successors in interest, or between the parties and the purchaser or other transferee at any such sale, or the said lessee of the Building, or of the land and Building, provided that the purchaser, transferee or the lessee of the Building assumes and agrees to carry out any and all covenants and obligations of Landlord hereunder. The words "re-enter", "re-entry" and "re-entered" as used in this lease are not restricted to their technical legal meanings. The term "business days" as used in this lease shall exclude Saturdays, Sundays and all days observed by the State and Federal Government as legal holidays. The terms "person" and "persons" as used in this lease shall be deemed to include natural persons, firms, corporations, associations and any other private or public entities, whether any of the foregoing are acting on their own behalf or in a representative capacity. PARTNERSHIP TENANT 40. If Tenant is a partnership (or is comprised of two (2) or more persons, individually and as co-partners of a partnership) or if Tenant's interest in this lease shall be assigned to a partnership (or to two (2) or more persons, individually and as co-partners of a partnership) pursuant to Article 20 (any such partnership and such person, being referred to in this Section as "Partnership Tenant"), the following provisions of this Section shall apply to such Partnership Tenant: (a) the liability of each of the parties comprising Partnership Tenant shall be joint and several, and (b) each of the parties comprising Partnership Tenant hereby consents in advance to, and agrees to be bound by, any modifications of this lease which may hereafter be made and by any notices, demand, requests or other communications which may hereafter be given, by Partnership Tenant or by any of the parties comprising Partnership Tenant, and (c) any bills, statements, notices, demands, requests or other communications given or rendered to Partnership Tenant or to any of the parties comprising Partnership Tenant shall be deemed given or rendered to Partnership Tenant and to all such parties and shall be binding upon Partnership Tenant and all such parties, and (d) if Partnership Tenant shall admit new partners, all of such new partners shall, by their admission to Partnership Tenant, be deemed to have assumed performance of all of the terms, covenants and conditions of this lease on Tenant's part to be observed and performed, and (e) Partnership Tenant shall give prompt notice to Landlord of the admission of any such new partners, and upon demand of Landlord, shall cause each such new partner to execute and deliver to Landlord an agreement in form satisfactory to Landlord, wherein each such new partner shall assume performance of all of the terms, covenants and conditions of this lease on Tenant's part to be observed and performed (but neither Landlord's failure to request any such agreement nor the failure of any such new partner to execute or deliver any such agreement to Landlord shall vitiate the provisions of subdivision (d) of this Section). SUCCESSORS, ASSIGNS, ETC. 41. The covenants, conditions and agreements contained in this lease shall bind and inure to the benefit of Landlord and Tenant and their respective heirs, distributees, executors, administrators, successors, and, except as otherwise provided in this lease, their respective assigns. 30 APPLICATION OF INSURANCE PROCEEDS, WAIVER OF SUBROGATION 42. In any case in which Tenant shall be obligated under any provisions of this lease to pay to Landlord any loss, cost, damage, liability or expense suffered or incurred by Landlord, Landlord shall allow to Tenant as an offset against the amount thereof the net proceeds of any insurance collected by Landlord for or on account of such loss, cost, damage liability or expense, provided that the allowance of such offset does not invalidate or prejudice the policy or policies under which such proceeds were payable. In any case in which Landlord shall be obligated under any provisions of this lease to pay to Tenant any loss, cost, damage, liability or expense suffered or incurred by Tenant, Tenant shall allow to Landlord as an offset against the amount thereof the net proceeds of any insurance collected by Tenant for or on account of such loss, cost damage, liability or expense, provided that the allowance of such offset does not invalidate or prejudice the policy or policies under which such proceeds were payable. CAPTIONS AND INDEX 43. The captions and the index at the beginning of the lease, if any, are included only as a matter of convenience and for reference, and in no way define, limit or describe the scope of this lease nor the intent of any provisions thereof. RECOVERY FROM LANDLORD 44. a. Tenant shall look solely to the estate and property of Landlord in the land and building of which the demised premises are a part, for the satisfaction of Tenant's remedies for the collection of a judgment (or other judicial process) requiring the payment of money by Landlord in the event of any default or breach by Landlord with respect to any of the terms, covenants and/or conditions of the lease to be observed and/or performed by Landlord, and no other property or assets of such Landlord shall be subject to levy, execution or other enforcement procedure for the satisfaction of Tenant's remedies. b. With respect to any provision of this lease which provides for Landlord's approval and/or consent, Tenant, in no event, shall be entitled to make, nor shall Tenant make any claim, and Tenant hereby waives any claim, for money damages; nor shall Tenant claim any money damages by way of set-off, counterclaim or defense, based upon any claim or assertion by Tenant that Landlord has unreasonably withheld or unreasonably delayed any such consent or approval. BROKER 45. Tenant represents and warrants to Landlord that Island Realty is the sole broker who brought the demised premises to Tenant's attention and with whom Tenant has negotiated in bringing about this lease. Tenant agrees to indemnify, defend and save Landlord harmless of, from and against any and all claims (and all expenses and fees, including attorneys fees, related thereto) for commissions or compensation made by any other broker or entity, arising out of or relating to the breach by Tenant of the foregoing representation. As, if and when this lease shall be fully executed and unconditionally delivered by both Landlord and Tenant, Landlord agrees to pay any commission that may be due the above-named broker in connection with this lease in accordance with a separate agreement between Landlord and said broker. 31 MORTGAGEE'S CONSENT 46. Landlord and Tenant hereby acknowledge that this lease is subject to Landlord's obtaining the written approval of Mitsui to this lease. Landlord agrees to submit a copy of this lease to Mitsui for Mitsui's written approval promptly after the execution hereof. The failure of Landlord to obtain Mitsui's approval to this Lease shall not result in any liability from Landlord to Tenant, or give rise to any claim in favor of Tenant against Landlord by reason thereof. In the event that Mitsui's written approval to this Agreement is not obtained on or before the date that is twenty (20) days after the date hereof, then this Agreement shall automatically terminate and shall be deemed null and void ab initio, and neither party shall have any further rights or obligations hereunder. NET LEASE 47. Except as may be otherwise expressly provided herein, it is the intention, understanding, and agreement of Landlord and Tenant that this lease is, and shall constitute a Net Net Net lease, and that Landlord shall receive its base rent and all other additional rent without setoff deduction, or offset for any charges or expenses incurred in the ownership, operation, maintenance or repair of the demised premises. SECURITY 48. Tenant has deposited with Landlord the sum of $50,000 for the faithful performance and observance by Tenant of the terms, provisions and conditions of this lease; it is agreed that in the event Tenant defaults in respect of any of the terms, provisions and conditions of this lease, Landlord may use, apply or retain the whole or any part of the security so deposited to the extent required for the payment of any sum as to which Tenant is in default. Landlord shall deposit Tenant's security in an interest bearing account. In the event that Tenant shall fully and faithfully comply with all of the terms, provisions, covenants and conditions of this lease, the security shall be returned to Tenant as follows: (a) $5,000 on the first anniversary of the Term Commencement Date; (b) $5,000 on the second anniversary of the Term Commencement Date; (c) $5,000 on the third anniversary of the Term Commencement Date; (d) $5,000 on the fourth anniversary of the Term Commencement Date; and the remaining $30,000 and all accrued interest after the date fixed at the end of this lease and after delivery of entire possession of the demised premises to Landlord. In the event of a sale of the land and Building or leasing of the Building, Landlord shall have the right to transfer the security to the vendee or lessee and Landlord shall thereupon be released by Tenant from all liability for the return of such security. Tenant covenants that it will not assign or encumber or attempt to assign or encumber the moneys deposited here as security and that neither Landlord nor its successors or assigns shall be bound by any such assignment, encumbrance, attempted assignment or attempted encumbrance. 32 IN WITNESS WHEREOF Landlord and Tenant have respectively signed and sealed this lease as of the day and year first written above. Witness for Landlord: WE'RE ASSOCIATES COMPANY BY:/s/ Bennett Rechler Bennett Rechler (Print Name) Witness for Tenant: CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS, INC. By: /s/ A.M. Scalice A. M. Scalice (Print Name) President (Title) 33 EX-10.5 8 1992 STOCK OPTION PLAN, AS AMENDED AMNEX, INC. 1992 Stock Option Plan 1. Purpose of the Plan. The AMNEX, Inc. 1992 Stock Option Plan (the "Plan") is intended to advance the interests of AMNEX, Inc. (the "Company") by inducing individuals or entities of outstanding ability and potential to join and remain with, or provide consulting or advisory services to, the Company, by encouraging and enabling eligible employees, non-employee Directors, consultants and advisors to acquire proprietary interests in the Company, and by providing the participating employees, non-employee Directors, consultants and advisors with an additional incentive to promote the success of the Company. This is accomplished by providing for the granting of "Options," which term as used herein includes both "Incentive Stock Options" and "Nonstatutory Stock Options," as later defined, to employees, non-employee Directors, consultants and advisors. 2. Administration. The Plan shall be administered by the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board of Directors") or by a committee (the "Committee") consisting of at least three (3) persons chosen by the Board of Directors. Except as herein specifically provided, the interpretation and construction by the Board of Directors or the Committee of any provision of the Plan or of any Option granted under it shall be final and conclusive. The receipt of Options by Directors, or any members of the Committee, shall not preclude their vote on any matters in connection with the administration or interpretation of the Plan. 1 3. Shares Subject to the Plan. The stock subject to Options granted under the Plan shall be shares of the Company's common stock, par value $.001 per share (the "Common Stock"), whether authorized but unissued or held in the Company's treasury, or shares purchased from stockholders expressly for use under the Plan. The maximum number of shares of Common Stock which may be issued pursuant to Options granted under the Plan shall not exceed in the aggregate four million two hundred fifty thousand (4,250,000) shares, subject to adjustment in accordance with the provisions of Section 12 hereof. The Company shall at all times while the Plan is in force reserve such number of shares of Common Stock as will be sufficient to satisfy the requirements of all outstanding Options granted under the Plan. In the event any Option granted under the Plan shall expire or terminate for any reason without having been exercised in full or shall cease for any reason to be exercisable in whole or in part, the unpurchased shares subject thereto shall again be available for Options under the Plan. 4. Participation. The class of individuals that shall be eligible to receive Options under the Plan shall be (a) with respect to Incentive Stock Options described in Section 6 hereof, all employees (including officers) of either the Company or any subsidiary corporation of the Company, and (b) with respect to Nonstatutory Stock Options described in Section 7 hereof, all employees (including officers) and non-employee Directors of, or consultants and advisors to, either the Company or any subsidiary corporation of the Company; provided, however, that Nonstatutory 2 Stock Options shall not be granted to any such consultants and advisors unless (i) bona fide services have been or are to be rendered by such consultant or advisor and (ii) such services are not in connection with the offer or sale of securities in a capital raising transaction. The Board of Directors or the Committee, in its sole discretion, but subject to the provisions of the Plan, shall determine the employees and non-employee Directors of, and the consultants and advisors to, the Company and its subsidiary corporations to whom Options shall be granted, and the number of shares to be covered by each Option, taking into account the nature of the employment or services rendered by the individuals being considered, their annual compensation, their present and potential contributions to the success of the Company, and such other factors as the Board of Directors or the Committee may deem relevant. 5. Stock Option Agreement. Each Option granted under the Plan shall be authorized by the Board of Directors or the Committee, and shall be evidenced by a Stock Option Agreement which shall be executed by the Company and by the individual to whom such Option is granted. The Stock Option Agreement shall specify the number of shares of Common Stock as to which any Option is granted, the period during which the Option is exercisable, and the option price per share thereof. 6. Incentive Stock Options. The Board of Directors or the Committee may grant Options under the Plan, which Options are intended to meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and which are 3 subject to the following terms and conditions and any other terms and conditions as may at any time be required by Section 422 of the Code (referred to herein as an "Incentive Stock Option"): (a) No Incentive Stock Option shall be granted to individuals other than employees of the Company or of a subsidiary corporation of the Company. (b) Each Incentive Stock Option under the Plan must be granted prior to May 26, 2002, which is within ten (10) years from the date the Plan was adopted by the Board of Directors. (c) The option price of the shares subject to any Incentive Stock Option shall not be less than the fair market value of the Common Stock at the time such Incentive Stock Option is granted; provided, however, if an Incentive Stock Option is granted to an individual who owns, at the time the Incentive Stock Option is granted, more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or of a parent or subsidiary corporation of the Company, the option price of the shares subject to the Incentive Stock Option shall be at least one hundred ten percent (110%) of the fair market value of the Common Stock at the time the Incentive Stock Option is granted. (d) No Incentive Stock Option granted under the Plan shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date of its grant. However, if an Incentive Stock Option is granted to an individual who owns, at the time the Incentive Stock Option is granted, more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or of 4 a parent or subsidiary corporation of the Company, such Incentive Stock Option shall not be exercisable after the expiration of five (5) years from the date of its grant. Every Incentive Stock Option granted under the Plan shall be subject to earlier termination as expressly provided in Section 10 hereof. (e) For purposes of determining stock ownership under this Section 6, the attribution rules of Section 425(d) of the Code shall apply. (f) For purposes of the Plan, fair market value shall be determined by the Board of Directors or the Committee. If the Common Stock is listed on a national securities exchange or traded on the Over-the-Counter market, fair market value shall be the closing selling price or, if not available, the closing bid price or, if not available, the high bid price of the Common Stock quoted on such exchange, or on the Over-the-Counter market as reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation (NASDAQ) system or if the Common Stock is not listed on NASDAQ, then by the National Quotation Bureau, Incorporated, as the case may be, on the day immediately preceding the day on which the Option is granted, or, if there is no trading or bid price on that day, the closing selling price, closing bid price or high bid price on the most recent day which precedes that day and for which such prices are available. 7. Nonstatutory Stock Options. The Board of Directors or the Committee may grant Options under the Plan which are not intended to meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code, as 5 well as Options which are intended to meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code but the terms of which provide that they will not be treated as Incentive Stock Options (referred to herein as a "Nonstatutory Stock Option"). Nonstatutory Stock Options which are not intended to meet those requirements shall be subject to the following terms and conditions: (a) A Nonstatutory Stock Option may be granted to any individual or entity eligible to receive an Option under the Plan pursuant to Section 4(b) hereof. (b) The option price of the shares subject to a Nonstatutory Stock Option shall be determined by the Board of Directors or the Committee, in its sole discretion, at the time of the grant of the Nonstatutory Stock Option; provided, however, that the option price of the shares subject to a Nonstatutory Stock Option granted to a person subject to Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (an "Insider"), shall not be less than the fair market value of the Common Stock at the time such Nonstatutory Stock Option is granted. (c) A Nonstatutory Stock Option granted under the Plan may be of such duration as shall be determined by the Board of Directors or the Committee (subject to earlier termination as expressly provided in Section 10 hereof); provided, however, that no Nonstatutory Stock Option granted under the Plan to an Insider shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date of its grant. 6 8. Rights of Option Holders. The holder of any Option granted under the Plan shall have none of the rights of a stockholder with respect to the stock covered by his Option until such stock shall be transferred to him upon the exercise of his Option. 9. Transferability. No Option granted under the Plan shall be transferable by the individual or entity to whom it was granted otherwise than by Will or the laws of descent and distribution, and, during the lifetime of such individual, shall not be exercisable by any other person, but only by him. 10. Termination of Employment or Death. (a) Subject to the terms of the Stock Option Agreement, if the employment of an employee by, or the services of a non-employee Director for, or consultant or advisor to, the Company or a subsidiary corporation of the Company shall be terminated for cause or voluntarily by the employee, non-employee Director, consultant or advisor, then his or its Option shall expire forthwith. Subject to the terms of the Stock Option Agreement, and except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this Section 10, if such employment or services shall terminate for any other reason, then such Option may be exercised at any time within three (3) months after such termination, subject to the provisions of subsection (d) of this Section 10. For purposes of the Plan, the retirement of an individual either pursuant to a pension or retirement plan adopted by the Company or at the normal retirement date prescribed from time to time by the Company shall 7 be deemed to be termination of such individual's employment other than voluntarily or for cause. For purposes of this subsection (a), an employee, non-employee Director, consultant or advisor who leaves the employ or services of the Company to become an employee or non-employee Director of, or a consultant or advisor to, a subsidiary corporation of the Company or a corporation (or subsidiary or parent corporation of the corporation) which has assumed the Option of the Company as a result of a corporate reorganization, etc., shall not be considered to have terminated his employment or services. (b) Subject to the terms of the Stock Option Agreement, if the holder of an Option under the Plan dies (i) while employed by, or while serving as a non-employee Director for or a consultant or advisor to, the Company or a subsidiary corporation of the Company, or (ii) within three (3) months after the termination of his employment or services other than voluntarily by the employee or non-employee Director, consultant or advisor, or for cause, then such Option may, subject to the provisions of subsection (d) of this Section 10, be exercised by the estate of the employee or non-employee Director, consultant or advisor, or by a person who acquired the right to exercise such Option by bequest or inheritance or by reason of the death of such employee or non-employee Director, consultant or advisor at any time within one (1) year after such death. (c) Subject to the terms of the Stock Option Agreement, if the holder of an Option under the Plan ceases 8 employment or services because of permanent and total disability (within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code) while employed by, or while serving as a non-employee Director for or consultant or advisor to, the Company or a subsidiary corporation of the Company, then such Option may, subject to the provisions of subsection (d) of this Section 10, be exercised at any time within one (1) year after his termination of employment, termination of Directorship or termination of consulting or advisory services, as the case may be, due to the disability. (d) An Option may not be exercised pursuant to this Section 10 except to the extent that the holder was entitled to exercise the Option at the time of termination of employment, termination of Directorship, termination of consulting or advisory services, or death, and in any event may not be exercised after the expiration of the Option. (e) For purposes of this Section 10, the employment relationship of an employee of the Company or of a subsidiary corporation of the Company will be treated as continuing intact while he is on military or sick leave or other bona fide leave of absence (such as temporary employment by the Government) if such leave does not exceed ninety (90) days, or, if longer, so long as his right to reemployment is guaranteed either by statute or by contract. 11. Exercise of Options. (a) Unless otherwise provided in the Stock Option Agreement, any Option granted under the Plan shall be exercisable 9 in whole at any time, or in part from time to time, prior to expiration. The Board of Directors or the Committee, in its absolute discretion, may provide in any Stock Option Agreement that the exercise of any Options granted under the Plan shall be subject (i) to such condition or conditions as it may impose, including, but not limited to, a condition that the holder thereof remain in the employ or service of, or continue to provide consulting or advisory services to, the Company or a subsidiary corporation of the Company for such period or periods from the date of grant of the Option as the Board of Directors or the Committee, in its absolute discretion, shall determine; and (ii) to such limitations as it may impose, including, but not limited to, a limitation that the aggregate fair market value of the Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by any employee during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and its parent and subsidiary corporations) shall not exceed one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000). In addition, in the event that under any Stock Option Agreement the aggregate fair market value of the Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by any employee during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and its parent and subsidiary corporations) exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), the Board of Directors or the Committee may, when shares are transferred upon exercise of such Options, designate those shares which shall be treated as transferred upon exercise of an Incentive Stock Option and those shares which shall 10 be treated as transferred upon exercise of a Nonstatutory Stock Option. (b) An Option granted under the Plan shall be exercised by the delivery by the holder thereof to the Company at its principal office (attention of the Secretary) of written notice of the number of shares with respect to which the Option is being exercised. Such notice shall be accompanied, or followed within ten (10) days of delivery thereof, by payment of the full option price of such shares, and payment of such option price shall be made by the holder's delivery of (i) his check payable to the order of the Company, or (ii) previously acquired Common Stock, the fair market value of which shall be determined as of the date of exercise, or by the holder's delivery of any combination of the foregoing (i) and (ii). 12. Adjustment Upon Change in Capitalization. (a) In the event that the outstanding Common Stock is hereafter changed by reason of reorganization, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reclassification, stock split-up, combination of shares, reverse split, stock dividend or the like, an appropriate adjustment shall be made by the Board of Directors or the Committee in the aggregate number of shares available under the Plan, in the number of shares and option price per share subject to outstanding Options, and in any limitation on exerciseability referred to in Section 11(a)(ii) hereof which is set forth in outstanding Incentive Stock Options. If the Company shall be reorganized, consolidated, or merged with another 11 corporation, the holder of an Option shall be entitled to receive upon the exercise of his Option the same number and kind of shares of stock or the same amount of property, cash or securities as he would have been entitled to receive upon the happening of any such corporate event as if he had been, immediately prior to such event, the holder of the number of shares covered by his Option; provided, however, that in such event the Board of Directors or the Committee shall have the discretionary power to take any action necessary or appropriate to prevent any Incentive Stock Option granted hereunder which is intended to be an "incentive stock option" from being disqualified as such under the then existing provisions of the Code or any law amendatory thereof or supplemental thereto. (b) Any adjustment in the number of shares shall apply proportionately to only the unexercised portion of the Option granted hereunder. If fractions of a share would result from any such adjustment, the adjustment shall be revised to the next lower whole number of shares. 13. Further Conditions of Exercise. (a) Unless prior to the exercise of the Option the shares issuable upon such exercise have been registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the notice of exercise shall be accompanied by a representation or agreement of the person or estate exercising the Option to the Company to the effect that such shares are being acquired for investment purposes and not with a view to the distribution thereof, or such other documentation as may be 12 required by the Company, unless in the opinion of counsel to the Company such representation, agreement or documentation is not necessary to comply with such Act. (b) The Company shall not be obligated to deliver any Common Stock until it has been listed on each securities exchange on which the Common Stock may then be listed or until there has been qualification under or compliance with such federal or state laws, rules or regulations as the Company may deem applicable. The Company shall use reasonable efforts to obtain such listing, qualification and compliance. 14. Effectiveness of the Plan. The Plan was adopted by the Board of Directors on May 26, 1992. The Plan shall be subject to approval on or before May 25, 1993, which is within one (1) year of adoption of the Plan by the Board of Directors, by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote thereon. In the event such stockholder approval is withheld or otherwise not received on or before the latter date, the Plan and, subject to the terms of the Stock Option Agreement, all Options that may have been granted hereunder shall become null and void. 15. Termination, Modification and Amendment. (a) The Plan (but not Options previously granted under the Plan) shall terminate on May 25, 2002, which is within ten (10) years from the date of its adoption by the Board of Directors, or sooner as hereinafter provided, and no Option shall be granted after termination of the Plan. 13 (b) The Plan may from time to time be terminated, modified, or amended by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote thereon. (c) The Board of Directors may at any time, on or before the termination date referred to in Section 15(a) hereof, terminate the Plan, or from time to time make such modifications or amendments to the Plan as it may deem advisable; provided, however, that the Board of Directors shall not, without approval by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote thereon, increase (except as otherwise provided by Section 12 hereof) the maximum number of shares as to which Options may be granted hereunder, change the designation of the employees or class of employees eligible to receive Options, or make any other change which would prevent any Incentive Stock Option granted hereunder which is intended to be an "incentive stock option" from disqualifying as such under the then existing provisions of the Code or any law amendatory thereof or supplemental thereto. (d) No termination, modification, or amendment of the Plan may, without the consent of the individual or entity to whom any Option shall have been granted, adversely affect the rights conferred by such Option. 16. Not a Contract of Employment. Nothing contained in the Plan or in any Stock Option Agreement executed pursuant hereto shall be deemed to confer upon any individual or entity to whom an 14 Option is or may be granted hereunder any right to remain in the employ or service of the Company or a subsidiary corporation of the Company or any entitlement to any remuneration or other benefit pursuant to any consulting or advisory arrangement. 17. Use of Proceeds. The proceeds from the sale of shares pursuant to Options granted under the Plan shall constitute general funds of the Company. 18. Indemnification of Board of Directors or Committee. In addition to such other rights of indemnification as they may have, the members of the Board of Directors or the Committee, as the case may be, shall be indemnified by the Company to the extent permitted under applicable law against all costs and expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with any action, suit, or proceeding to which they or any of them may be a party by reason of any action taken or failure to act under or in connection with the Plan or any rights granted thereunder and against all amounts paid by them in settlement thereof or paid by them in satisfaction of a judgment of any such action, suit or proceeding, except a judgment based upon a finding of bad faith. Upon the institution of any such action, suit, or proceeding, the member or members of the Board of Directors or the Committee, as the case may be, shall notify the Company in writing, giving the Company an opportunity at its own cost to defend the same before such member or members undertake to defend the same on his or their own behalf. 19. Definitions. For purposes of the Plan, the terms "parent corporation" and "subsidiary corporation" shall have the 15 meanings set forth in Sections 425(e) and 425(f) of the Code, respectively, and the masculine shall include the feminine and the neuter as the context requires. 20. Governing Law. The Plan shall be governed by, and all questions arising hereunder shall be determined in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. 16 EX-10.6 9 AMENDED AND RESTATED STOCK GRANT PLAN AMNEX, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED 1996 RESTRICTED STOCK GRANT PLAN 1. Purpose. The AMNEX, Inc. Amended and Restated 1996 Restricted Stock Grant Plan (the "Plan") is intended to advance the interests of AMNEX, Inc., a New York corporation (the "Company"), by encouraging and enabling officers, other key employees, and key consultants and advisors, upon whose judgment, initiative and effort the Company is largely dependent for the successful conduct of its business, to acquire and retain a proprietary interest in the Company by ownership of its stock. 2. Definitions. For purposes of the Plan, the following terms shall have the indicated meanings unless the context clearly indicates otherwise: "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company. "Cause" means termination of the Participant's employment or consulting or advisory relationship by the Company because of (A) conviction of, or a plea of nolo contendere to, a felony, or another serious crime which results or is likely to result in material injury to the Company; (B) breach of fiduciary duty involving personal profit; (C) continued and habitual neglect to perform material stated duties; or (D) material breach of any provision of any employment, consulting or advisory agreement between the Participant and the Company or any subsidiary thereof. "CEO" means the Chief Executive Officer of the Company as of the Initial Adoption Date. "Chairman" means the Chairman of the Board as of the Initial Adoption Date. "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as it may be amended from time to time. "Committee" means the committee designated in Section 3 below to administer the Plan. "Common Stock" means the Company's Common Stock, par value $.001 per share. "Change in Control" of the Company shall be deemed to have occurred (A) when either the CEO or Chairman is either removed as a director or not nominated by the Board for re-election as a director of the Company; or (B) when any nominee for election as a director of the Company contained in the Company's Proxy Statement sent to shareholders in connection with the Board's solicitation of proxies to be voted at any annual meeting of shareholders is not so elected by the shareholders, except where the person elected instead of the nominee is acceptable to the CEO and Chairman; or (C) upon any person or entity gaining ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities that, in the aggregate, represent more than thirty-five percent (35%) of the voting power of the Company's outstanding securities (whether or not such securities are in fact voted); or (D) upon the sale or disposition of fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting securities of any of the Company's subsidiaries or all or substantially all of the assets of any such subsidiary, except where such sale or disposition was approved by the CEO; or (E) upon the termination of employment by the Company other than for Cause, or the Resignation for Good Reason of, the CEO or Chairman. "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as it may be amended from time to time. "Grant" means a grant of Shares, whether or not restricted, pursuant to a written instrument that awards Shares to a Participant pursuant to the Plan. "Initial Adoption Date" means May 23, 1996. "Non-Employee Director" means a "non-employee director", as that term is used in Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, or any successor provision. "Parent" means a parent corporation of the Company as defined in section 424(e) of the Code. "Participants" means the officers, other key employees, and key consultants and advisors of the Company, its Subsidiaries and its Parents, including directors of the Company who are also employees of the Company. "Permanent Disability" means such mental or physical illness or incapacity as shall result in the Participant being unable to render services to the Company, its Parents or its Subsidiaries for a continuous period of twelve (12) months. "Plan" means this AMNEX, Inc. Amended and Restated 1996 Restricted Stock Grant Plan. "Resignation for Good Reason" means a resignation of employment or consulting or advisory services following the failure by the Company to comply with any material provision of any employment, consulting or advisory agreement with the Company or any subsidiary thereof, which failure was not cured with thirty (30) days after a notice of noncompliance was given by the employee, consultant or advisor to the Company. "Shares" means shares of Common Stock which are granted to a Participant pursuant to a Grant under the Plan. 2 "Standard Restrictions" means those restrictions set forth in Section 8(b) hereof. "Subsidiary" means a subsidiary corporation of the Company, as defined in Section 424(f) of the Code. 3. Administration of the Plan. The Plan shall be administered by the Board or a committee (the "Committee") composed of not less than three (3) persons. Only Non-Employee Directors shall be eligible to serve as members of the Committee. The Committee shall report all action taken by it to the Board which shall review and ratify or approve those actions which are required by law to be so reviewed and ratified or approved by the Board. The Board or the Committee shall have full and final authority in its discretion, subject to the provisions of the Plan, (a) to determine the Participants, the time or times at which Grants shall be made and the number of Shares so granted; (b) to construe and interpret the Plan; (c) to determine the terms, restrictions and provisions of the respective Grants, which need not be identical, including, but without limitation, restrictions on Shares granted and the amount and terms of the purchase price, if any, of Shares granted; and (d) to make all other determinations and take all other actions deemed necessary or advisable for the proper administration of the Plan. All such actions and determinations shall be conclusively binding for all purposes and upon all persons. 4. Number of Shares Subject to the Plan. The total number of Shares available for Grants under the Plan may not exceed in the aggregate 245,000, subject to adjustment upon occurrence of any of the events indicated in Section 6 hereof. The Board may, from time to time, increase the number of Shares available for grant under the Plan. The Shares to be delivered under the Grants may consist, in whole or in part, of authorized but unissued Common Stock or treasury Common Stock not reserved for any other purpose. 5. Lapsed Grants. If a Grant, or any portion thereof, is forfeited for any reason, any Shares forfeited shall be available again for the making of a later Grant hereunder. 6. Adjustment in Capitalization. In the event of any change in the outstanding shares of Common Stock that occurs after the Initial Adoption Date by reason of a stock dividend, stock split, reorganization, reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, combination, exchange of shares, or other similar change, then the aggregate number and class of shares or other securities that may be issued or transferred pursuant to the Plan, and the provisions, terms and conditions of each outstanding Grant affected thereby, shall be adjusted appropriately by the Board or the Committee, whose determination shall be conclusive. 7. Eligibility and Participation. Grantees of Grants shall be selected by the Board or the Committee from among those Participants who are recommended by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and who, in the opinion of the Board or the Committee, are key officers, other key employees or key consultants or advisors in a position to contribute materially to the Company's continued growth and development and to its long-term success. 3 8. Grants of Restricted Stock. (a) Grant of Restricted Stock. Subject to the provisions of Section 7, the Board or the Committee, at any time and from time to time, may make Grants to such Participants and in such amounts as it shall determine. Each Grant shall be made pursuant to a written instrument which must be executed by the grantee in order to be effective. (b) Standard Restrictions. In addition to any other applicable provisions hereof and except as may otherwise be specifically provided in a Grant, the following restrictions in this Section 8(b) (the "Standard Restrictions") shall apply to Grants made by the Board or the Committee: (i) No Shares granted pursuant to a Grant may be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned or otherwise alienated or hypothecated until, and to the extent that, such Shares are vested. (ii) Shares granted pursuant to a Grant are non-vested at the time the Grant is made, but shall, unless earlier forfeited hereunder, vest according to the following vesting schedule: Vested Percentage Vesting Dates of Shares Granted One (1) year from the date of Grant 10% Two (2) years from the date of Grant 20% Three (3) years from the date of Grant 30% Four (4) years from the date of Grant 40% Five (5) years from the date of Grant 50% Six (6) years from the date of Grant 60% Seven (7) years from the date of Grant 70% Eight (8) years from the date of Grant 80% Nine (9) years from the date of Grant 90% Ten (10) years from the date of Grant 100% The foregoing notwithstanding (but subject to the provisions of (iii) hereof and subject to the discretion of the Board or the Committee), a Participant shall forfeit all Shares not previously vested, if any, at such time as the Participant is no longer employed by, or rendering consulting or advisory services to, the Company or a Parent or Subsidiary. All forfeited Shares shall be returned to the Company. (iii) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 8(b) to the contrary, a Participant who has not previously forfeited any non- vested Shares that are granted pursuant to a Grant, shall automatically have such non-vested Shares vest upon the earlier of (a) the effective date 4 of a Change in Control, (b) the termination by the Company of the Participant's employment with, or consulting or advisory services to, the Company and all Parents and Subsidiaries other than for Cause, (c) the Resignation for Good Reason by the Participant, and (d) the Participant's death or Permanent Disability. (c) Other Restrictions. Notwithstanding the Standard Restrictions of Section 8(b) above, the Board or the Committee may impose such other or different restrictions on any Shares granted as it may deem advisable including, without limitation, restrictions relating to length of service, corporate performance, attainment of individual or group performance objectives, and federal or state securities laws, and may legend the certificates representing restricted Shares to give appropriate notice of such restrictions. Any such other or different restrictions shall be specifically set forth in the Grant instrument. (d) Holding of Restricted Shares. Certificates representing Shares granted that are subject to restrictions shall be held by the Company or, if the Board or the Committee so specifies, deposited with a third-party custodian or trustee until lapse of all restrictions on the Shares. After such lapse, certificates for such Shares (or the vested percentage of such Shares) shall be delivered by the Company to the Participant who received the grant of such Shares; provided, however, that the Company need not issue fractional Shares. (e) Rights in Restricted Shares. During any applicable period of restriction, a Participant who has been granted Shares hereunder shall be the record owner thereof and shall be entitled to vote such Shares and receive all dividends and other distributions paid with respect to such Shares while they are so restricted. However, if any such dividends or distributions are paid in shares of Company stock during an applicable period of restriction, the shares received shall be subject to the same restrictions as the Shares with respect to which they were issued. Moreover, the Board or the Committee may provide in each Grant such other restrictions, terms and conditions as it may deem advisable with respect to the treatment and holding of any stock, cash or property that is received in exchange for restricted Shares. (f) Conflicting Provisions. In case of any conflict between the provisions of this Plan and the provisions of a Grant, the provisions of this Plan shall control. 9. Conditions to Grants. The making of any Grant and the issuance of any Shares to a Participant shall be subject to the condition that, if at any time the Company shall determine in its discretion that the satisfaction of withholding tax or other withholding liabilities, or that the listing, registration, or qualification of any Shares otherwise deliverable hereunder upon any securities exchange or under any state or federal law, or that the consent or approval of any regulatory body, is necessary or desirable as a condition of, or in connection with, the delivery or purchase of Shares pursuant hereto, then in any such event, such Grant or such issuance of Shares shall not be effective unless such withholding, listing, registration, qualification, consent, or approval shall have been effected or obtained free of any conditions not acceptable to the Company. 5 10. Amendment, Suspension, and Termination of Plan. The Board may at any time suspend or terminate the Plan or any portion thereof or may amend it from time to time in such respects as the Board may deem advisable in order that the Grants granted hereunder may conform to any change in the law or in any other respects which the Board may deem to be in the best interests of the Company. No Grants may be made during any suspension or after the termination of the Plan. Except as provided in the Plan, no amendment, suspension, or termination of the Plan shall, without the Participant's consent, alter or impair any of the rights or obligations under any Grant theretofore granted to such Participant under the Plan. 11. Tax Withholding. The Board or the Committee may, in its sole discretion, (a) require a Participant to remit to the Company a cash amount sufficient to satisfy, in whole or in part, any federal, state and local withholding tax requirements prior to the delivery of any certificate for vested Shares pursuant to a Grant hereunder; (b) require a Participant to satisfy, in whole or in part, any such withholding tax requirements by having the Company, upon any delivery of vested Shares, withhold from such Shares that number of full Shares having a fair market value equal to the amount or portion of the amount required or permitted to be withheld; or (c) satisfy such withholding requirements through another lawful method. 12. Code Section 83(b) Elections. Each Participant making an election pursuant to Section 83(b) of the Code shall, upon the making of such election, promptly provide a copy of such election to the Company. 13. Employment. Nothing in this Plan shall interfere with or limit in any way the right of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary to terminate any Participant's employment or consulting or advisory arrangement at any time, nor confer upon any Participant any right to continue in the employ of, or render consulting or advisory services to, the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary. 14. Effective Date of the Plan. The effective date of the Plan is May 23, 1996, the date of its adoption by the Board. 15. Term. No Grants may be made under the Plan after May 23, 2006. The provisions of the Plan shall, however, continue to apply as to any Grants made prior to such date. Dated: May 23, 1996 (Amended and Restated as of March 31, 1997) K:\WPDOC\CORP\AMNEX\STKGRT96.2 6 EX-10.9 10 KEVIN GRIFFO EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT BETWEEN AMNEX, Inc. AND KEVIN D. GRIFFO This AGREEMENT made this 25th day of June, 1996, by and between AMNEX Inc., a New York corporation having an office in Orlando, Florida (sometimes hereinafter referred to as "AMNEX" or the "Company") and Kevin D. Griffo (sometimes hereinafter referred to as "Employee"). WITNESSETH: WHEREAS, the Company desires to employ the Employee and the Employee desires to accept employment by the Company and enter into this Agreement; and WHEREAS, the retention of Employee's services, for and on behalf of the Company is of material importance to the preservation and enhancement of the value of AMNEX; NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein set forth, AMNEX and Employee do hereby agree as follows: 1. Employment. The Employee is employed as Chief Operating Officer of the Company from the date hereof through the term of this Agreement. As Chief Operating Officer of the Company, the Employee shall implement executive policy and other management services on behalf of the Company as would be customarily performed by persons serving in a similar executive capacity. As an executive, the Employee shall be responsible for implementing the policies and directives of the Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and the Board of Directors and shall report only to the CEO. During the term of this Agreement, there shall be no material decrease in the duties and responsibilities of the Employee other than provided herein, unless the parties otherwise agree in writing. During the term of this Agreement, the Employee shall not be required to relocate his or her principal place of employment beyond 50 miles from Orlando, Florida in order to perform his services hereunder. 2. Term. The initial term of employment under this Agreement shall be for a one year period from the date hereof. This Agreement shall be automatically renewed or extended for one additional year on each annual anniversary date of this Agreement, unless either the Employee or the Company gives written notice to the other on or before the sixtieth (60th) day prior to such anniversary date. Such initial term and all such renewal terms are collectively referred to herein as the term of this Agreement. 1 3. Standards; Devotion of Time. The Employee shall perform his duties and responsibilities under this Agreement in accordance with such reasonable standards as may be established from time to time by the CEO of the Company. The reasonableness of such standards shall be measured against standards for executive performance generally prevailing in the telecommunications services industry. During the employment period, the Employee shall expend all of his working time for the Company and shall devote his best efforts, energy and skill to the services of the Company and the promotion of its interests. 4. Compensation. The Company agrees to pay the Employee during the term of this Agreement a salary at the minimum annual rate of $150,000.00. In the event that this Agreement is renewed or extended, the Employee's salary will be reviewed at the time of such renewal and may be increased in an amount to be determined by the CEO in his sole discretion. In determining the Employee's annual salary increases, if any, the CEO may compensate the Employee for increases in the cost of living and also provide for performance or merit increases to the extent appropriate and when compared to the prevailing telecommunications services industry for like executive positions. The salary of the Employee shall not be decreased at any time during the term of this Agreement from the amount then in effect unless the Employee otherwise agrees in writing. Participation in deferred compensation, bonus, retirement, and other employee benefit plans and in fringe benefits shall not reduce the salary payable to the Employee. The salary under this Section 4 shall be payable to the Employee biweekly. 5. Bonus. During the term of this Agreement, the Employee shall be entitled to participate with other executive employees of the Company in a bonus pool, which pool shall be equal to 3% of AMNEX Inc.'s consolidated pre-tax profits. The pool shall be authorized and distributed by the CEO and Chairman of the Board in their sole discretion. No other compensation provided for in this Agreement shall be deemed a substitute for the Employee's right to participate in such bonus if, when and as authorized. 6. Disability. In the event of the inability of Employee to render services hereunder during the term of the Agreement due to a disability (whether temporary or permanent), and for so long as such disability continues, Employee shall continue to receive Employee's salary for a period not to exceed the remaining term of the Agreement. There shall be deducted from the amount paid to Employee hereunder during any period of disability any amounts actually paid to Employee pursuant to any disability insurance or other similar such program which the Company has instituted or may institute on behalf of its employees for the purpose of compensating Employee in the event of disability. 7. Additional Compensation and Benefits. During the term of the Agreement, Employee will be entitled to participate in and receive the benefits of any stock option, profit sharing, or other plans, benefits and privileges given to employees and/or 2 executives of the Company or its subsidiaries and affiliates which may come into existence hereafter, to the extent commensurate with his then duties and responsibilities, as fixed by the CEO, and to the extent Employee is otherwise eligible and qualified to so participate in and receive such benefits or privileges. The Company shall not make any changes in such plans, benefits or privileges which would adversely affect Employee's rights or benefits thereunder, unless such change occurs pursuant to a program applicable to all executives of the Company and does not result in a proportionately greater adverse change in the rights of or benefits to Employee as compared with any other executive of the Company. Nothing paid to Employee under any plan or arrangement presently in effect or made available in the future shall be deemed to be in lieu of the salary payable to Employee pursuant to Section 4 hereof. Nothing herein shall be deemed to imply that Employee is entitled to receive any stock options (notwithstanding the grant thereof to other executive employees of the Company or its subsidiaries or affiliates), it being understood and agreed that the grant thereof is within the sole discretion of the Board of Directors or its Compensation Committee. 8. Expenses. The Company shall reimburse Employee or otherwise provide for or pay for all reasonable expenses incurred by Employee in furtherance of or in connection with the business of the Company. In addition, the Company shall reimburse Employee for all reasonable entertainment expenses (whether incurred at the Employee's residence, while traveling, or otherwise) subject to such reasonable limitations as may be established by the CEO. If such expenses are paid in the first instance by Employee, the Company will reimburse Employee therefor in accordance with its standard expense reimbursement policy. 9. Vacations. The Employee shall be entitled to annual paid vacations in accordance with the following schedule: 1 - 2 years of service: 3 weeks per year 3 - 5 years of service: 3 weeks plus 2 days per year 6 - 9 years of service: 4 weeks per year 10+ years of service: 5 weeks per year The timing of paid vacations shall be scheduled in a reasonable manner by the parties following consultation between the CEO and Employee. The Employee shall not be entitled to receive any additional compensation from the Company on account of his failure to take paid vacation. The Employee shall also not be entitled to accumulate more than two weeks of unused paid vacation time from one calendar year to the next. 3 10. Termination of Employment. (a) Definitions. For the purposes of this Agreement, the following definitions shall apply: (i) A "Change in Control" of the Company shall be deemed to have occurred: (A) when either the CEO or Chairman of the Board of the Company as of the date hereof is either removed as a director or not nominated by the Board for re-election as a director of the Company; or (B) when any nominee for election as a director of the Company contained in the Company's Proxy Statement sent to shareholders in connection with the Board of Directors' solicitation of proxies to be voted at any Annual Meeting of Shareholders shall not be so elected by the shareholders, except where the person elected instead of the nominee is acceptable to the CEO and Chairman as of the date hereof; or (C) upon any person or entity gaining ownership directly or indirectly of securities that, in the aggregate, represent over thirty-five percent (35%) of the voting power of the Company's outstanding securities (whether or not such securities are in fact voted); or (D) upon the sale or disposition of fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting securities of any of the Company's subsidiaries or all or substantially all of the assets of any such subsidiary, except where such sale or disposition was approved by the CEO serving as of the date hereof; or (E) upon the termination of employment by the Company other than for cause, or the resignation for good reason of, the CEO or Chairman serving as of the date hereof. (ii) Termination "for cause" shall mean termination of the Employee by the Company because of: (A) conviction of or a plea of nolo contendere to a felony, or another serious crime which results or is likely to result in material injury to the Company; (B) breach of fiduciary duty involving personal profit; (C) continued and habitual neglect to perform material stated duties; or (D) material breach of any provision of this Agreement. (iii) Resignation "for good reason" shall mean the resignation of his employment by the Employee following: (A) a Change in Control of the Company which, within two years of said Change in Control, results in (i) the assignment to Employee, without Employee's express written consent, of any duties materially inconsistent with Employee's positions, duties, responsibilities and status with the Company immediately prior to a Change in Control of the Company; or (ii) a material change or reduction in Employee's reporting responsibilities, titles or offices as in effect immediately prior to a Change in Control of the Company; or (iii) any removal of Employee from, or any failure to re-elect Employee to, any of such positions, except in each case in connection with the Employee's disability or death and except under circumstances which would permit the termination of Employee's employment for cause; or (B) failure by the Company to comply with any material provision of this Agreement, which failure has not been cured within thirty (30) days after a notice of non-compliance has been given by Employee to the Company. 4 (b) Termination for Cause. The CEO may terminate the Employee's employment at any time for cause. The Employee shall have no right to receive compensation or other benefits for any period after termination for cause. If, within thirty (30) days of receipt of notice of termination, the Employee denies that termination for cause was warranted, the dispute shall be resolved by submission of the claim to binding arbitration in accordance with the provisions hereof. The parties agree that the sole determination by the arbitrators shall be whether the termination of the Employee's employment was for cause. In the event it is determined that such termination was without cause, Employee shall be entitled to such relief as is provided for herein with respect thereto. If the Employee does not deny that termination for cause was warranted within such thirty (30) day period, the Employee's termination for cause shall be deemed to be conclusive. (c) Termination Without Cause. Any termination of employment by the CEO other than termination for cause, including but not limited to, the Company's failure to renew or extend this Agreement pursuant to Paragraph 2, (which shall be deemed termination without cause), shall not prejudice the Employee's right to compensation or other benefits under this Agreement. The parties acknowledge and agree that damages which will result to Employee for termination without cause shall be extremely difficult or impossible to establish or prove, and agree that, unless the termination is for cause, the Company shall be obligated to make a payment to the Employee as liquidated damages in an amount equal to the greater of (A) one year's minimum annual salary as set forth in Section 4 hereof and (B) the Employee's total compensation hereunder for the twelve (12) months preceding the termination, provided, however, that in the event that the Company fails to renew or extend this Agreement and the Employee's employment continues, then the amount payable to Employee hereunder shall not be paid until the cessation of Employee's employment. Employee agrees that, except for such other payments and benefits to which the Employee may be entitled as expressly provided by the terms of this Agreement, such liquidated damages shall be in lieu of all other claims, demands or causes of action which Employee may make by reason of such termination. The liquidated damages amount shall not be reduced by any compensation which the Employee may receive for any other employment with another employer after termination of his employment with the Company. At the election of the Company, the payment of such liquidated damages shall be made either by a lump sum payment on the Employee's last day of employment with the Company or over the course of the next twelve months in equal bimonthly payments in accordance with the Company's then standard payroll policies and practices. Such bimonthly payments shall be made by wire transfer to the bank account designated by the Employee. The Company's failure to make each and every payment when due and the continuance thereof for a period of five (5) days shall be a material breach of this Agreement and the Employee shall be entitled to demand and receive in a lump sum all unpaid liquidated damages. 5 (d) Termination upon Death. Employee's employment shall automatically terminate upon Employee's death, provided, however, that the Employee's wife, Terry Griffo, shall be entitled to receive the payments specified under Section 10 (e)(ii) hereof. (e) Resignation for Good Reason. (i) Employee may resign his employment hereunder for good reason upon thirty (30) days notice to the Company, stating in his notice the basis upon which he believes that good reason exists for such resignation. (ii) In the event the Employee resigns, the Employee shall be entitled to receive as a severance payment, or in lieu of a severance payment, payment for services previously rendered to the Company, a lump sum cash payment equal to the greater of (A) one year's minimum annual salary as set forth in Section 4 hereof and (B) the Employee's total compensation hereunder applicable to the twelve (12) months preceding such resignation. Payment under this section shall be in lieu of any amount owed to the Employee as liquidated damages for termination without cause under Section 10(c) hereof and shall be payable on the last day of Employee's employment hereunder. However, payment under this section shall not be reduced by any compensation which the Employee may receive from other employment with another employer after termination from his employment with the Company. (f) Change in Control; Resignation Without Good Reason. If during the term of this Agreement there is a Change in Control of the Company and the Employee without good reason resigns his employment within one year after such Change in Control, the Employee shall be entitled to receive a severance payment pursuant to Section 10(e)(ii) hereof. Any such resignation shall be on thirty (30) days notice to the Company. (g) Other Benefits. In the event liquidated damages and/or severance payments are payable pursuant to this Section 10, the Employee shall also be entitled to have any allowances set forth in Section 8 hereof and Employee's health insurance coverage continue for a period of twelve months. In the event that any such law or plan may prevent a continuation of Employee's health insurance for such twelve month period, the Company shall pay for Employee's C.O.B.R.A. health coverage during such period, or, if earlier, until such time as Employee becomes eligible to be covered by comparable insurance with another employer. The Company shall also ensure that all insurance or other provisions for indemnification, defense or hold harmless of officers or directors of the Company which are in effect as of the date of the Employee's termination continue for the benefit of the Employee with respect to all of his acts and omissions while an officer or director as fully and completely as if such termination had not occurred, and until the final expiration or running of all periods of limitation against action which may be applicable to such acts or omissions. 6 (h) Benefit Plans. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement or of any other agreement, contract, or understanding heretofore or hereafter entered into between the Employee and the Company, except an agreement, contract, or understanding hereafter entered into that expressly modifies or excludes application of this Section 10 (the "Other Agreements"), and notwithstanding any formal or informal plan or other arrangement heretofore or hereafter adopted by the Company for the direct or indirect provision of compensation to the Employee (including groups of classes of participants or beneficiaries of which the Employee is a member), whether or not such compensation is deferred, is in cash, or is in the form of a benefit to or for the Employee (a "Benefit Plan"), the Employee shall not have any right to receive any payment or other benefit under this Agreement, or Other Agreement, or any Benefit Plan if such payment or benefit, taking into account all other payments or benefits to or for the Employee under this Agreement, all Other Agreements, and all Benefit Plans, would cause any payment to the Employee under this Agreement to be considered a "parachute payment" within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. In the event that the receipt of any such payment or benefit under this Agreement, any Other Agreement, or any Benefit Plan would cause the Employee to be considered to have received a parachute payment under this Agreement, then the Employee shall have the right, in his sole discretion, to designate those payments or benefits under this Agreement, and Other Agreements, and/or any Benefit Plans, which should be reduced or eliminated so as to avoid having the payment to the Employee under this Agreement be deemed to be a parachute payment. 11. Confidentiality and Non-Solicitation. The services of the Employee are unique, extraordinary and essential to the business of the Company, especially since the Employee shall have access to the Company's customer lists, trade secrets and other confidential network, financial, legal and operational information essential to the Company's business. Accordingly, during the term of this Agreement and thereafter, the Employee agrees not to use, divulge, furnish or make available to any person or entity any knowledge of or information with respect to any confidential or otherwise proprietary documents, discussions, plans, policies, procedures, activities, materials, information or data of the Company. The Employee further agrees to refrain from engaging in any activity whatsoever that would tend to disparage or diminish the reputation of the Company or which would tend to have a detrimental effect upon the interests of the Company. The Employee has executed or will execute the standard AMNEX Employee Confidentiality Agreement, which agreement is incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof. The Employee also agrees that, for a period of one (1) year following the expiration of this Agreement, the Employee shall not, without the prior written approval of the CEO, anywhere in the United States of America, whether individually or as a principal, officer, employee, partner, director, agent or representative of or consultant for any entity, (a) cause or seek to persuade any director, officer, employee, customer, subscriber, account, agent, vendor or supplier of, or consultant to, the Company to discontinue or 7 modify to the detriment of the Company the status, employment or relationship of such person or entity with the Company (including, without limitation, to discontinue or modify to the detriment of the Company the use of the Company's operator services, long-distance transmission services, 1+ Coin Services and/or other telecommunications services); (b) hire or retain any such officer, director or employee; (c) cause or seek to persuade any prospective customer, subscriber or account of the Company (which at the date of cessation of employment with the Company was then actively being solicited by the Company) to determine not to enter into a business relationship with the Company. The Employee acknowledges and agrees that, in the event he shall violate any of the restrictions of this Section 11, the Company will be without an adequate remedy at law and will therefore be entitled to enforce such restrictions by temporary or permanent injunctive relief in any court of competent jurisdiction without the necessity of proving damages and without any prejudice to any other remedies which it may have at law or in equity. The Employee acknowledges and agrees that, in addition to any other state having proper jurisdiction, any such relief may be sought in, and for such purpose the Employee consents to jurisdiction of, the courts of the State of Florida. 12. Assumption of Agreement. In the event of a Change in Control transaction to which the Company is a party, the Company shall require that the acquiring or successor entity, if any, expressly assume the obligations and entitlement of this Agreement following such change of control. Employee shall have the right to demand that the Company acknowledge in writing the assumption of this Agreement, if applicable, within thirty (30) days following receipt of such demand. Failure of the Company to so act timely in response to such demand shall be deemed a material breach of this Agreement by the Company, thereby entitling Employee to resign for good reason in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement but without providing any further notice of non-compliance and opportunity for cure. 13. Other Employment. The Employee shall not, during the term of this Agreement, have any other paid employment other than with a subsidiary of the Company except with the prior approval of the CEO. 14. Section Headings. The section headings used in this Agreement are included solely for convenience and shall not affect, or be used in conjunction with, the interpretation of this Agreement. 15. Notices. Any notice required or permitted to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered by hand or sent by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, overnight mail or courier or telecopier as follows: 8 If to the Employee: 12770 Lone Eagle Drive Orlando, FL 32827 If to the Company: 100 W. Lucerne Circle Orlando, FL 32801 Attn: CEO Telecopier Number: (407) 246-0005 or at such other address as any party shall designate by notice to the other party given in accordance with this Paragraph 15. 16. No Waiver; Entire Agreement. Failure to insist upon strict compliance with any of the terms, covenants or conditions hereof shall not be deemed a waiver of such term, covenant or condition, nor shall any waiver or relinquishment of any right or power hereunder at any one or more times be deemed a waiver or relinquishment of such right or power at any other time or times. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties and there are no representations, warranties or commitments except as set forth herein. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements, understandings, negotiations and discussions, whether written or oral, of the parties hereto relating to the matters set forth in this Agreement. This Agreement may be amended only by a writing executed by the parties hereto. 17. Assignability. This Agreement is personal in nature. The Employee shall have no right to assign or transfer this Agreement. In the event of any attempted assignment or transfer by the executive of his duties and obligations contrary to this paragraph, all the Employee's rights under this Agreement shall be forfeited, and the Company shall have no further liability under this Agreement. The Company may assign or transfer its rights under this Agreement only to a subsidiary or affiliate of the Company so long as such assignment shall not substantially change the current status of this Agreement or its place of performance. No assignment by the Company shall relieve the Company of the liabilities and responsibilities created by this Agreement, including its responsibilities under Section 12 hereof. 18. Reformation and Severability. The Employee and the Company agree that the agreements contained herein shall each constitute a separate agreement independently supported by good and adequate consideration, shall each be severable from the other provisions of the Agreement, and shall survive the Agreement. If a court of competent jurisdiction determines that any term, provision or portion of this Agreement is void, illegal or unenforceable, the other terms, provisions and portions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and the terms, provisions and portions that are determined 9 to be void, illegal or unenforceable shall be limited so that they shall remain in effect to the extent permissible by law. 19. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the United States, where applicable, and otherwise by the laws of the State of Florida, excluding choice of law principles thereof. 20. Arbitration; Attorneys Fees. (I) Except with regard to Section 11 hereof and any other maters that are not a proper subject of arbitration, all disputes between the parties hereto concerning the performance, breach, construction or interpretation of this Agreement or any portion thereof, or in any manner arising out of this Agreement or the performance thereof, shall be submitted to binding arbitration in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association, which arbitration shall be carried out in the manner hereinafter set forth. (ii) Within fifteen days after written notice by one party to the other party of its demand for arbitration, which demand shall set forth the name and address of its designated arbitrator, the other party shall select its designated arbitrator and so notify the demanding party. Within fifteen days thereafter, the two arbitrators so selected shall select the third arbitrator. The dispute shall be heard by the arbitrators within sixty days after selection of the third arbitrator. The decision of any two arbitrators shall be binding upon the parties. In default of either side naming its arbitrator as aforesaid or in default of the selection of the said third arbitrator as aforesaid, the American Arbitration Association shall designate such arbitrator upon the application of either party. The decision of the arbitrators shall be final and binding upon the Company, its successors and assigns and the Employee. (iii) The arbitration proceedings shall take place in Orlando, Florida, and the judgment and determination of such proceedings shall be binding on all parties hereto. Judgment upon any award rendered by the arbitrators appointed hereunder may be entered into any court having competent jurisdiction thereof without any right of appeal therefrom. (iv) Each party shall pay its or his own expenses of arbitration, and the expenses of the arbitrators and the arbitration proceeding shall be equally shared; provided, however, that, (a) if, in the opinion of a majority of the arbitrators, any claim of defense was unreasonable, the arbitrators may assess, as part of their award, all or any part of the arbitration expenses of the other party (including reasonable attorneys' fees) and of the arbitrators and the arbitration proceeding (collectively, the "Arbitration Expenses") against the party raising such unreasonable claim or defense, and (b) if the arbitrators rule in favor of the Employee, then the Company shall be obligated to pay all of the Arbitration Expenses. 10 21. No Restrictions. The Employee hereby represents that neither the execution of this Agreement nor his performance hereunder will (a) violate, conflict with or result in a breach of any provisions of, or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default) under the terms, conditions or provisions of any contract, agreement or other instrument or obligation to which the Employee is a party, or by which he may be bound, or (b) violate any order, judgment, writ, injunction or decree applicable to the Employee. In the event of a breach hereof, in addition to the Company's right to terminate this Agreement, the Employee shall indemnify the Company and hold it harmless from and against any and all claims, losses, liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorney's fees) incurred or suffered in connection with or as a result of the Company's entering into this Agreement or employing the Employee hereunder. 22. No Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as provided for in Section 10 (d) hereof, no person not a party to this Agreement shall have any right to enforce any of the provisions hereof, there being no third party beneficiaries. 23. Service as Officer of Subsidiaries; Service as Director. During the employment period, the Employee shall, if elected or appointed, serve as (a) an officer of any subsidiaries of the Company in existence or hereafter created or acquired and (b) a Director of the Company and/or any such subsidiaries of the Company, in each case without any additional compensation for such services. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Agreement as of the day and year above written. EMPLOYEE AMNEX, Inc. By: /s/Kevin Griffo By: /s/ Name: ________________________ Name: _______________________ Date: ________________________ Date: _______________________ 11 EX-10.10 11 JOHN KANE EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT BElWEEN AMNEX, INC. AND JOHN KANE This AGREEMENT made this 1st day of October, 1996, by and between AMNEX Inc., a New York corporation having an office in Orlando, Florida (sometimes hereinafter referred to as "AMNEX" or the "Company") and John Kane (sometimes hereinafter referred to as "Employee"). WITNESSETH: WHEREAS, the Company desires to employ the Employee and the Employee desires to accept employment by the Company and enter into this Agreement; and WHEREAS, the retention of Employee's services, for and on behalf of the Company is of material importance to the preservation and enhancement of the value of AMNEX; NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants herein set forth, AMNEX and Employee do hereby agree as follows: 1. Employment. The Employee is employed as Chief Operating Officer of the Company from the date hereof through the term of this Agreement. As Chief Operating Officer of the Company, the Employee shall implement executive policy and other management services on behalf of the Company as would be customarily performed by persons serving in a similar executive capacity. As an executive, the Employee shall be responsible for implementing the policies and directives of the Chief Executive Offcer ("CEO") and the Board of Directors and shall report only to the CEO. During the term of this Agreement, there shall be no material decrease in the duties and responsibilities of the Employee other than provided herein, unless the parties otherwise agree in writing. During the term of this Agreement, the Employee shall not be required to relocate his principal place of employment beyond 50 miles from Orlando, Florida in order to perform his services hereunder. 2. Term. The initial term of employment under this Agreement shall be for a two year period from the date hereof. This Agreement shall be automatically renewed or extended for additional one year terms on each annual anniversary date of this Agreement, after the second anniversary, unless either the Employee or the Company gives written notice to the other on or before the sixtieth (60th) day prior to such anniversary date. Such initial term and all such renewal terms are collectively referred to herein as the term of this Agreement. 3. Standards; Devotion of Time. The Employee shall perform his duties and responsibilities under this Agreement in accordance with such reasonable standards as may be established from time to time by the CEO of the Company. The reasonableness of such standards shall be measured against standards for executive performance generally prevailing in the 1 telecommunications services industry. During the employment period, the Employee shall expend all of his working time for the Company and shall devote his best efforts, energy and skill to the services of the Company and the promotion of its interests. 4. Compensation. The Company agrees to pay the Employee during the term of this Agreement a salary at the minimum annual rate of $180,000.00. In the event that this Agreement is renewed or extended, the Employee's salary will be reviewed at the time of such renewal and may be increased in an amount to be determined by the CEO in his sole discretion. In determining the Employee's annual salary increases, if any, the CEO may compensate the Employee for increases in the cost of living and also provide for perforrnance or merit increases to the extent appropriate and when compared to the prevailing telecommunications services industry for like executive positions. The salary of the Employee shall not be decreased at any time during the term of this Agreement from the amount then in effect unless the Employee otherwise agrees in writing. Participation in deferred compensation, bonus, retirement, and other employee benefit plans and in fringe benefits shall not reduce the salary payable to the Employee. The salary under this Section 4 shall be payable to the Employee biweekly. 5. Bonus. During the term of this Ageement, the Employee shall be entitled to participate with other executive employees of the Company in a bonus pool, which pool shall be equal to 3% of AMNEX Inc.'s consolidated pre-tax profits. However, the Employee shall not receive less than 1% of AMNEX Inc.'s consolidated pre-tax profits. The pool shall be authorized and distributed by the CEO and Chairman of the Board in their sole discretion. No other compensation provided for in this Agreement shall be deemed a substitute for the Employee's right to participate in such bonus if, when and as authorized. 6. Disability. In the event of the inability of Employee to render services hereunder during the term of the Agreement due to a disability (whether temporary or permanent), and for so long as such disability continues, Employee shall continue to receive Employee's salary for a period not to exceed the remaining term of the Agreement. There shall be deducted from the amount paid to Employee hereunder during any period of disability any amounts actually paid to Employee pursuant to any disability insurance or other similar such program which the Company has instituted or may institute on behalf of its employees for the purpose of compensating Employee in the event of disability. 7. Additional Compensation and Benefits. During the terrn of the Agreement, Employee will be entitled to participate in and receive the benefits of any stock option, profit sharing, or other plans, benefits and privileges given to employees and/or executives of the Company or its subsidiaries and affiliates which may come into existence hereafter, to the extent commensurate with his then duties and responsibilities, as fixed by the CEO, and to the extent Employee is otherwise eligible and qualified to so participate in and receive such benefits or privileges. The Company shall not make any changes in such plans, benefits or privileges which would adversely affect Employee's rights or benefits thereunder, unless such change occurs pursuant to a program applicable to all executives of the Company and does not result in a proportionately greater adverse change in the 2 rights of or benefits to Ennployee as compared with any other executive of the Company. Nothing paid to Employee under any plan or arrangement presently in effect or made available in the future shall be deemed to be in lieu of the salary payable to Employee pursuant to Section 4 hereof. Nothing herein shall be deemed to imply that Employee is entitled to receive any stock options (notwithstanding the grant thereof to other executive employees of the Company or its subsidiaries or affiliates), it being understood and agreed that the grant thereof is within the sole discretion of the Board of Directors or its Compensation Committee. 8. Expenses. The Company shall reimburse Employee or otherwise provide for or pay for all reasonable expenses incurred by Employee in furtherance of or in connection with the business of the Company. In addition, the Company shall reimburse Employee for all reasonable entertainment expenses (whether incurred at the Employee's residence, while traveling, or otherwise) subject to such reasonable limitations as may be established by the CEO. If such expenses are paid in the first instance by Employee, the Company will reimburse Employee therefor in accordance with its standard expense reimbursement policy. 9. Vacations. The Employee shall be entitled to annual paid vacations in accordance with the following schedule: 1 - 2 years of service: 3 weeks per year 3 - 5 years of service: 3 weeks plus 2 days per year 6 - 9 years of service: 4 weeks per year 10 + years of service: 5 weeks per year The timing of paid vacations shall be scheduled in a reasonable manner by the parties following consultation between the CEO and Employee. The Employee shall not be entitled to receive any additional compensation from the Company on account of his failure to take paid vacation. The Employee shall also not be entitled to accumulate more than two weeks of unused paid vacation time from one calendar year to the next. 10. Termination of Employment. (a) Definitions. For the purposes of this Agreement, the following definitions shall apply: (i) A "Change in Control" of the Company shall be deemed to have occurred: (A) when either the CEO or Chairman of the Board of the Company as of the date hereof is either removed as a director or not nominated by the Board for re-election as a director of the Company; or (B) when any nominee for election as a director of the Company contained in the Company's Proxy Statement sent to shareholders in connection with the Board of Directors' solicitation of proxies to be voted at any Annual Meeting of Shareholders shall not be so elected by the shareholders, except where the person elected instead of the nominee is acceptable to the CEO and Chairman as of the date hereof; or (C) upon any person or entity gaining ownership directly or 3 indirectly of securities that, in the aggregate, represent over thirty-five percent (35%) of the voting power of the Company's outstanding securities (whether or not such securities are in fact voted); or (D) upon the sale or disposition of fifty percent (50%) or more of the voting securities of any of the Company's subsidiaries or all or substantially all of the assets of any such subsidiary, except where such sale or disposition was approved by the CEO serving as of the date hereof; or (E) upon the termination of employment by the Company other than for cause, or the resignation for good reason of, the CEO or Chairman serving as of the date hereof. (ii) Termination "for cause" shall mean termination of the Employee by the Company because of: (A) conviction of or a plea of nolo contendere to a felony, or another serious crime which results or is likely to result in material injury to the Company; (B) breach of fiduciary duty involving personal profit; (C) continued and habitual neglect to perform material stated duties; or (D) material breach of any provision of this Agreement. (iii) Resignation "for good reason" shall mean the resignation of his employment by the Employee following: (A) a Change in Control of the Company which, within two years of said Change in Control, results in (i) the assignment to Employee, without Employee's express written consent, of any duties materially inconsistent with Employee's positions, duties, responsibilities and status with the Company immediately prior to a Change in Control of the Company; or (ii) a material change or reduction in Employees reporting responsibilities, titles or offices as in effect immediately prior to a Change in Control of the Company; or (iii) any removal of Employee from, or any failure to re-elect Employee to, any of such positions, except in each case in connection with the employee's disability or death and except under circumstances which would permit the termination of Employee's employment for cause; or (B) failure by the Company to comply with and material provision of this Agreement, which failure has not been cured within thirty (30) days after the notice of non-compliance has been given by Employee to the Company. (b) Termination for Cause. The CEO may terminate the Employee's employment at any time for cause. The Employee shall have no right to receive compensation or other benefits for any period after termination for cause. If, within thirty (30) days of receipt of notice of terrnination, the Employee denies that termination for cause was warranted, the dispute shall be resolved by submission of the claim to binding arbitration in accordance with the provisions hereof. The parties agree that the sole determination by the arbitrator shall be whether the termination of the Employee's employment was for cause. In the event it is determined that such terrnination was without cause, Employee shall be entitled to such relief as is provided for herein with respect thereto. If the Employee does not deny that termination for cause was wrarranted within such thirty (30) day period, the Employee's termination for cause shall be deemed to be conclusive. (c) Termination Without Cause. Any termination of employment by the CEO other than termination for cause, including but not limited to, the Company's failure to renew or extend this Agreement pursuant to Paragraph 2, (which shall be deemed termination without cause), shall not prejudice the Employee's right to compensation or other benefits under this Agreement. The parties acknowledge and agree that damages which will result to Employee for termination without cause 4 shall be extremely difficult or impossible to establish or prove, and agree that, unless the termination is for cause, the Company shall be obligated to make a payment to the Employee as liquidated damages in an amount equal to the greater of (A) one year's minimum annual salary as set forth in Section 4 hereof, (B) the Employee's total compensation hereunder for the twelve (12) months preceding the termination and (C) If during the initial term, the then remaining number of months minimum salary as set forth in Section 4 hereof, provided, however, that in the event that the Company fails to renew or extend this Agreement and the Employee's employment continues, then the amount payable to Employee hereunder shall not be paid until the cessation of Employee's employment. Employee agrees that, except for such other payments and benefts to which the Employee may be entitled as expressly provided by the terrns of this Agreement, such liquidated damages shall be in lieu of all other claims, demands or causes of action which Employee may make by reason of such termination. The liquidated damages amount shall not be reduced by any compensation which the Employee may receive for any other employment with another employer after termination of his employment with the Company. At the election of the Company, the payment of such liqluidated damages shall be made either by a lump sum payment on the Employee's last day of employment with the Company or over the course of the next twelve months in equal bimonthly payments in accordance with the Company's then standard payroll policies and practices. Such bimonthly payments shall be made by wire transfer to the bank account designated by the Employee. The Company's failure to make each and every payment when due and the continuance thereof for a penod of five (5) days shall be a material breach of this Agreement and the Employee shall be entitled to demand and receive in a lump sum all unpaid liqulidated darnages. (d) Termination Upon Death. Employee's employment shall autornatically terminate upon Employee's death, provided, however, that the Employee's trust, entitled John and Margaret Kane Trust dated 1/25/96 shall be entitled to receive the payments specified under Section 10 (e)(ii) hereof. (e) Resignation for Good Reason. (i) Employee may resign his employment hereunder for good reason upon thirty (30) days notice to the Company, stating in his notice the basis upon which he believes that good reason exists for such resignation. (ii) In the event the Ernployee resigns, the Employee shall be entitled ta receive as a severance payment, or in lieu of a severance payment, payment for services previously rendered to the Company, a lump surn cash payment equal to the greater of (A) one year's minimum annual salary as set forth in Sedion 4 hereof and (B) the Employee's total compensation hereunder applicable to the twelve (12) months preceding such resignation. Payment under this section shall be in lieu of any amount owed to the Employee as liquidated damages for terrnination without cause under Section 10(c) hereof and shall be payable on the last day of Employee's employment hereunder. However, payment under this section shall not be reduced by any compensation which the Employee rnay receive from other employment with another employer after termination frorn his employment with the Company. (f) Change in Control; Resignation Without Good Reason. If during the term of this 5 Agreement there is a Change in Control of the Company and the Employee without good reason resigns his employment within one year after such Change in Control, the Employee shall be entitled to receive a severance payrnent pursuant to Section 10(e)(ii) hereof. Any such resignation shall be on thirty (30) days notice to the Company. (g) Other Benefits. In the event liquidated damages and/or severance payments are payable pursuant to this Section 10, the Employee shall also be entitled to have any allowances set forth in Section 8 hereof and Employee's health insurance coverage continue for a period of twelve months. In the event that any such law or plan may prevent a continuation of Employee's health insurance for such twelve month period, the Company shall pay for Employee's C.O.B.R.A. health coverage during such period, or, if earlier, until such time as Employee becomes eligible to be covered by comparable insurance with another employer. The Company shall also ensure that all insurance or other provisions for indemnification, defense or hold harmless of officers or directors of the Company which are in effect as of the date of the Employee's termination continue for the benefit of the Employee with respect to all of his acts and omissions while an officer or director as fully and completely as if such tenmination had not occurred, and until the final expiration or running of all periods of limitation against action which may be applicable to such acts or omissions. (h) Benefit Plans. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement or of any other agreement, contract, or understanding heretofore or hereafter entered into between the Employee and the Company, except an agreement, contract, or understanding hereafter entered into that expressly modifies or excludes application of this Section 10 (the "Other Agreements"), and nonwithstanding any formal or informal plan or other arrangement heretofore or hereafter adopted by the Company for the direct or indirect provision of compensation to the Employee (including groups of classes of participants or beneficiaries of which the Employee is a member), whether or not such compensation is deferred, is in cash, or is in the form of a benefit to or for the Employee (a "Benefit Plan"), the Employee shall not have any right to receive any payment or other benefit under this Agreement, or Other Agreement, or any Benefit Plan if such payment or benefit, taking into account all other payments or benefits to or for the Employee under this Agreement, all Other Agreements, and all Benefit Plans, would cause any payment to the Employee under this Agreement to be considered a "parachute payment" within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Intemal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. In the event that the receipt of any such payment or benefit under this Agreement, any Other Agreement, or any Benefit Plan would cause the Employee to be considered to have received a parachute payment under this Agreement, then the Employee shall have the right, in his sole discretion, to designate those payments or benefts under this Agreement, and Other Agreements, and/or any Benefit Plans, which should be reduced or eliminated so as to avoid having the payment to the Employee under this Agreement be deemed to be a parachute payment. 11. Confidentiality and Non-Solicitation. The services of the Employee are unique, extraordinary and essential to the business of the Company, especially since the Employee shall have access to the Company's customer lists, trade secrets and other confidential network, financial, legal and operation all information essential to the Company's business. Accordingly, during the term of 6 this Agreement and thereafter, the Employee agrees not to use, divulge, furnish or make available to any person or entity any knowledge of or inforrnation with respect to any confidential or otherwise proprietary documents, discussions, plans, policies, procedures, activities, materials, information or data of the Company. The Employee further agrees to refrain from engaging in any activity whatsoever that would tend to disparage or diminish the reputation of the Company or which would tend to have a detrimental effect upon the interests of the Company. The Employee has executed or will execute the standard AMNEX Employee Confidentiality Agreement, which agreement is incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof. The Employee also agrees that, for a period of one (1) year following the expiration of this Agreement, the Employee shall not, without the prior written approval of the CEO, anywhere in the United States of America, whether individually or as a principal, officer, employee, partner, director, agent or representative of or consultant for any entity, (a) cause or seek to persuade any director, officer, employee, customer, subscriber, account, agent, vendor or supplier of, or consultant to, the Company to discontinue or modify to the detriment of the Company the status, employment or relationship of such person or entity with the Company (including, without limitation, to discontinue or modify to the detriment of the Company the use of the Company's operator services, long-distance transmission services, 1 + Coin Services and/or other telecommunications services); (b) hire or retain any such officer, director or employee; (c) cause or seek to persuade any prospective customer, subscriber or account of the Company (which at the date of cessation of employment with the Company was then actively being solicited by the Company) to determine not to enter into a business relationship with the Company. The Employee acknowledges and agrees that, in the event he shall violate any of the restrictions of this Section 11, the Company will be without an adequate remedy at law and will therefore be entitled to enforce such restrictions by temporary or permanent injunctive relief in any court of competent jurisdiction without the necessity of proving damages and without any prejudice to any other remedies which it may have at law or in equity. The Employee acknowledges and agrees that, in addition to any other state having proper jurisdiction, any such relief may be sought in, and for such purpose the Employee consents to jurisdiction of, the courts of the State of Florida. 12. Assumption of Agreement. In the event of a Change in Control transaction to which the Company is a party, the Company shall require that the acquiring or successor entity, if any, expressly assume the obligations and entitlement of this Agreement following such change of control. Employee shall have the right to demand that the Company acknowledge in writing the assumption of this Agreement, if applicable, within thirty (30) days following receipt of such demand. Failure of the Company to so act timely in response to such demand shall be deemed a material breach of this Agreement by the Company, thereby entitling Employee to resign for good reason in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement but without providing any further notice of non-compliance and opportunity for cure. 13. Other Employment. The Employee shall not, during the term of this Agreement, have any other paid employment other than with a subsidiary of the Company except with the prior approval of the CEO. 7 14. Section Headings. The section heading used in this Agreement are included solely for convenience and shall not affect, or be used in conjunction with, the interpretation of this Agreement. 15. Notices. Any notice required or permitted to be given pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered by hand or sent by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, overnight mail or courier or telecopier as follows: If to the Employee: 5818 Master Blvd. Orlando. FL 32819 If to the Company:: 100 W. Lucerne Circle Orlando, FL 32801 Attn: CEO Telecopier Number: (407) 246-0005 or at such other address as any party shall designate by notice to the other party given in accordance with this Paragraph 15. 16. No Waiver; Entire Agreement. Failure to insist upon strict compliance with any of the terrns, covenants or conditions hereof shall not be deemed a waiver of such term, covenant or condition, nor shall any waiver or relinquishment of any right or power hereunder at any one or more times be deemed a waiver or relinquishment of such right or power at any other time or times. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties and there are no representations, warranties or commitrnents except as set forth herein. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements, understandings, negotiations and discussions, whether written or oral, of the parties hereto relating to the matters set forth in this Agreement. This Agreement may be amended only by a writing executed by the parties hereto. 17. Assignability. This Agreement is personal in nature. The Employee shall have no right to assign or transfer this Agreement. In the event of any attempted assignment or transfer by the executive of his duties and obligations contrary to this paragraph, all the Employee's rights under this Agreement shall be forfeited, and the Company shall have no further liability under this Agreement. The Company may assign or transfer its rights under this Agreement only to a subsidiary or afflliate of the Company so long as such assignment shall not substantially change the current status of this Agreement or its place of perforrnance. No assignment by the Company shall relieve the Company of the liabilities and responsibilities created by this Agreement, including its responsibilities under Section 12 hereof. 8 18. Reformation and Severability. The Employee and the Company agree that the agreements contained herein shall each constitute a separate agreement independently supported by good and adequate consideration, shall each be severable from the other provisions of the Agreement, and shall survive the Agreement. If a court of competent jurisdiction determines that any term, provision or portion of this Agreement is void, illegal or unenforceable, the other terms, provisions and portions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and the terrns, provisions and portions that are determined to be void, illegal or unenforceable shall be limited so that they shall remain in effect to the extent permissible by law. 19. Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the United States, where applicable, and otherwise by the laws of the State of Florida, excluding choice of law principles thereof. 20. Arbitration: Attorneys Fees. (i) Except with regard to Section 11 hereof and any other maters that are not a proper subject of arbitration, all disputes between the parties hereto concerning the performance, breach, construction or interpretation of this Agreement or any portion thereof, or in any manner arising out of this Agreement or the performance thereof, shall be submitted to binding arbitration in accordance with the rules of the American Arbitration Association, which arbitration shall be carried out in the manner hereinafter set forth. (ii) Within fifteen days after written notice by one party to the other party of its demand for arbitration, which demand shall set forth the name and address of its designated arbitrator, the other party shall select its designated arbitrator and so notify the demanding party. Within fifteen days thereafter, the two arbitrators so selected shall select the third arbitrator. The dispute shall be heard by the arbitrators within sixty days after selection of the third arbitrator. The decision of any two arbitrators shall be binding upon the parties. In default of either side naming its arbitrator as aforesaid or in default of the selection of the said third arbitrator as aforesaid, the American Arbitration Association shall designate such arbitrator upon the application of either party. The decision of the arbitrators shall be final and binding upon the Company, its successors and assigns and the Employee. (iii) The arbitration proceedings shall take place in Orlando, Florida, and the judgment and determination of such proceedings shall be binding on all parties hereto. Judgment upon any award rendered by the arbitrators appointed hereunder may be entered into any court having competent junsdiction thereof without any right of appeal therefrorn. (iv) Each party shall pay its or his own expenses of arbitration, and the expenses of the arbitrators and the arbitration proceeding shall be equally shared; provided, however, that, (a) if, in the opinion of a majority of the arbitrators, any claim of defense was unreasonable, the arbitrators may assess, as part of their award, all or any part of the arbitration expenses of the other party (including reasonable attorneys' fees) and of the arbitrators and the arbitration proceeding 9 (collectively, the "Arbitration Expenses") against the party raising such unreasonable claim or defense, and (b) if the arbitrators rule in favor of the Employee, then the Company shall be obligated to pay all of the Arbitration Expenses. 21. No Restrictions. The Employee hereby represents that neither the execution of this Agreement nor his performance hereunder will (a) violate, conflict with or result in a breach of any provisions of, or constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default) under the terms, conditions or provisions of any contract, agreement or other instrument or obligation to which the Employee is a party, or by which he may be bound, or (b) violate any order, judgment, writ, injunction or decree applicable to the Employee. In the event of a breach hereof, in addition to the Company's right to terminate this Agreement, the Employee shall indemnify the Company and hold it harmless from and against any and all claims, losses, liabilities and expenses (including reasonable attorney's fees) incurred or suffered in connection with or as a result of the Company's entering into this agreement or employing the Employee hereunder. 22. No Third Party Beneficiaries. Except as provided for in Section 10(d) hereof, no person not a party to this Agreement shall have any right to enforce any of the provisions hereof, there being no third party beneficiaries. 23. Service as Officer of Subsidiaries; Service as Director. During the employment period, the Employee shall, if elected or appointed, serve as (a) an officer of any subsidiaries of the Company in existence or hereafter created or acquired and (b) a Director of the Company and/or any such subsidiaries of the Company, in each case without any additional compensation for such services. IN WITNESS WHlEREOF, the undersigned have executed this agreement as of the day and year above written. EMPLOYEE AMNEX, INC. By: /s/ John Kane By: /s/ Peter Izzo Name: John Kane Name: Peter Izzo Date: 10/1/96 Date: 10/1/96 10 EX-10.12 12 SECURITY AGREEMENT Execution Copy SECURITY AGREEMENT NO. 001 This Security Agreement (the "Security Agreement"), dated as of October 4, 1995 made by and among Lyon Credit Corporation, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with an office address at 1266 East Main Street, Stamford, Connecticut 06902, (together with its successors and assigns, if any, "Secured Party"), American Network Exchange, Inc. ("ANEI"), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, and Crescent Public Communications Inc. ("Crescent"), a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, each with their address at 101 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10178 (collectively, "Borrower"); W I T N E S S E T H : 1. Grant of Security Interest: To secure payment on each Note made by Borrower in the form attached hereto as Exhibit "A" together with any extensions or renewals thereof, and any amendments or modifications thereto (each, a "Note" and, collectively, the "Notes"), and also to secure any and all other indebtedness, obligation or liability of the Borrower to the Secured Party, whether direct or indirect, absolute or contingent, due or to become due, now existing or hereafter arising and no matter how acquired by Secured Party, including, but not limited to, all future advances or loans which may be made at the option of the Secured Party to or on behalf of Borrower (all the foregoing hereinafter called the "Indebtedness"), Crescent hereby grants and conveys to the Secured Party a first security interest in, and mortgages and collaterally assigns to the Secured Party, (i) each unit of property (such unit, an "Item") described in a Schedule in the form attached hereto as Exhibit "B" (a "Schedule") and each unit of property constituting Replacement Equipment as defined in Section 9 hereof, (ii) each Pay Telephone Location Agreement between Crescent and the owner or lessee of any location on which any Item may be located (such agreement, a "Contract"), and (iii) all products and proceeds of each Item, if any, which Crescent may be entitled to receive, i.e., excluding any and all non-coin revenues but including commissions receivable on non-coin revenues and any coin revenues derived from an Item, all additions, attachments, accessories and accessions thereto and any and all substitutions, replacements or exchanges thereto, and any and all insurance and insurance proceeds thereof, including, but not limited to, every permitted lease or sublease (collectively, "Proceeds and Additions"), howsoever designated, covering all or any part thereof (all or any of the foregoing hereinafter collectively called the "Collateral"); TO HAVE AND TO HOLD the Collateral with the power and authority and subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Security Agreement. 2. Repayment: Borrower will duly and punctually pay the Indebtedness secured by this Security Agreement in accordance with the terms of the Notes and this Security Agreement. Payments of Indebtedness shall be made to Secured Party at its office address stated above, except as otherwise directed by Secured Party, and shall not be prorated for any cause or reason except as herein may be specifically provided. Payments shall be due periodically as specified in the applicable Note, except that in the event any month in which a payment is due does not contain a numbered day equal to such payment day specified, payment shall be made on the last day of such month. If any payment is not made within ten (10) days after its due date, Borrower agrees to pay a late charge of five cents (5(cent)) per dollar on, and in addition to, the amount of such payment, but not exceeding the lawful maximum, if any. 3. Obligations Absolute: The obligations of Borrower under this Security Agreement shall be absolute and unconditional under all circumstances whatsoever, including, but not limited to, the existence of any claim, set-off, defense, counterclaim or recoupment to any present or future claim of Borrower against Secured Party under this Security Agreement or otherwise, against the manufacturer or seller of any of the Collateral or against any other person or entity for whatever reason. This Security Agreement shall not terminate, nor shall the obligations of Borrower be affected, by reason of any defect in title to, damage to or any loss or destruction of, the Collateral from whatsoever cause, or the interference with the use thereof by any person or entity, or the invalidity or unenforceability or lack of due authorization in respect of this Security Agreement or any lack of right, power or authority of the Secured Party to enter into this Security Agreement, or any failure of Secured Party to perform any obligation of Secured Party or Borrower or any other person or entity under this Security Agreement or any instrument or document executed in connection herewith, or for any other cause, whether similar or dissimilar to the foregoing, any present or future law or regulation to the contrary notwithstanding, it being the express intention of Secured Party and Borrower that all payments by Borrower shall be, and continue to be, payable in all events unless the obligation to pay the same, shall be terminated pursuant to the express provisions of his Security Agreement. 4. Representations and Warranties: Borrower represents and warrants as of the date of this Security Agreement that: (a) Borrower is a corporation duly organized and validly existing in good standing under the laws of its state of organization and has the corporate power to enter into and perform its obligations under this Security Agreement, (b) this Security Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by Borrower and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by Secured Party, is a legal, valid and binding obligation of Borrower, enforceable in accordance with its terms except as may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally, and general principles of equity, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in a proceeding in equity or at law, (c) the execution and delivery by Borrower of this Security Agreement is not, and the performance by it of its obligations hereunder will not be, inconsistent with Borrower's articles or certificate of incorporation or bylaws, do not and will not contravene any law, governmental rule or regulation, judgment or order applicable to Borrower, and do not and will not contravene any provision of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, contract or other instrument to which Borrower is a party or by which it is bound, (d) no consent or approval of, giving of notice to, registration with, or taking of any other action in respect to or by, any federal, state or local governmental authority or agency or other entity is required with respect to the execution, delivery and performance by Borrower of this Security Agreement, or if any such approval, notice, registration or action is required, it has been duly given or obtained, (e) there are no suits or proceedings pending or threatened in court or before any commission, board or other 2 administrative agency against or affecting Borrower, which will have a material adverse effect on the ability of Borrower to fulfill its obligations under this Security Agreement, (f) each financial statement and other related information furnished to Secured Party by Amnex, Inc., the parent company of Borrower ("Parent"), has been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and, since the date of the most recent financial statement so delivered, there has been no material adverse change (as that term is defined in paragraph 12 (k) below), (g) this Security Agreement shall be effective against all creditors of Borrower under applicable law, including, without limitation, fraudulent conveyance and bulk transfer laws, and (h) the Collateral will at all times be used solely in the conduct of the business of Crescent and be and remain in the possession and control of Crescent. 5. Liens: Borrower shall keep the Collateral free and clear from all liens, charges, encumbrances and security interests of any kind ("Liens"), except for (i) subject to clause (iv) of this Section 5, the Lien of Secured Party, as provided in this Security Agreement, (ii) Liens for taxes either not yet due or being contested by crescent in good faith with due diligence and by appropriate proceedings, so long as such proceedings do not, in the opinion of Secured Party, involve any material danger of sale, forfeiture or loss of Collateral or any part thereof or title thereto or interest therein, (iii) inchoate materialmen's, mechanics', workmen's, repairmen's, employees', carriers', warehousemen's or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business of Crescent and not delinquent and Crescent shall be maintaining adequate reserves therefor and (iv) in the absence of any Event of Default hereunder, any Lien of any third party providing financing to Borrower, provided, that (A) Secured Party retains a perfected first priority security interest in at least 1500 Items of Collateral and (B) each of the Contracts related to such Items has a term which extends at least to the maturity of the Note. Secured Party shall, at its own cost and expense, promptly take such action as may be necessary to discharge duly all Secured Party's Liens upon full payment and satisfaction of all Indebtedness. 6. Use and Operation: (a) Borrower shall not assign, sublet, mortgage, hypothecate or modify any of the Collateral or any interest in this Security Agreement, without the prior written consent of Secured Party, except that Crescent shall have the right to modify any Item in the ordinary course of business or for the purposes of compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations so long as such modification does not decrease the value, utility and remaining useful life of such Item. Any attempt so to assign, sublet, mortgage, hypothecate or modify any Item in violation of the preceding sentence shall be void and without effect. Borrower shall not remove from the specified place of Collateral any Item, except that Borrower may so remove any Item in the ordinary course of business or for purposes of compliance with applicable laws and regulations so long as Secured Party retains a perfected first priority security interest in at least 1500 Items and the related Contracts and each such related Contract has a term which extends at least to the maturity of the Note. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in order to replace an Item, the Borrower may remove an Item from the specified place of such Item irregardless of whether such removal would cause the number of Items in which Secured Party retains a perfected first priority security interest to decline to less than 1500 Items if Borrower immediately replaces such Item in accordance with the provisions set forth in Section 9 hereof. 3 (b) Borrower will not, without the prior written consent of Secured Party, affix or install any accessory, equipment, or device on any Collateral if such addition will materially impair the originally intended function or use of any such Collateral or its value in place. Borrower agrees that each Item of Collateral shall prior to its installation be personal property under applicable law. Borrower agrees to take such reasonable action as shall be required by Secured Party from time to time to protect the rights and interests of Secured Party in each such Item. Borrower will not, without the prior written consent of Secured Party and subject to such conditions as Secured Party may reasonably impose for its protection, affix or install any Item to or in any other personal property except to the extent necessary in the ordinary course of business of Crescent. Secured Party and Crescent agree that each Item of Collateral and every part thereof shall be treated as being severed from any real property and, even if physically attached to any real property, it is the intention of Secured Party and Borrower that such Item (i) shall retain the character of personal property, (ii) shall be removable, (iii) shall be treated as personal property with respect to the rights of all persons and entities, (iv) shall not become part of any real property, and (v) by virtue of its nature as personal property, shall not be affected in any way by any instrument dealing with any real property. Borrower represents that it has not entered into, and agrees that it will not enter into, any agreement or other arrangement, without the consent of Secured Party, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, which prohibits or restricts in any manner the right of Secured Party or Crescent to sever Items of Collateral from the real property on which they are located, to sever Items of Collateral from any other equipment or personal property to which such Items are attached or to remove Items of Collateral from the place where they are then located except as may be required by applicable laws and regulations. 7. Maintenance and Service: (a) Items of Collateral shall be used only in the manner for which they were designed and intended and Crescent will at its sole expense at all times maintain each Item in good operating order, repair, condition and appearance and keep each Item protected from the elements, ordinary wear and tear excepted. Crescent shall, if at any time requested to do so by Secured Party, affix in a prominent position on each Item of Collateral plates, tags or other identifying labels showing the interest of Secured Party in the Collateral. Crescent will, at all times, operate and maintain each Item of Collateral in accordance with (i) the standards applied by Crescent with respect to similar equipment owned or leased by it and (ii) prudent operating and maintenance standards and manufacturer's requirements. Borrower will not use or operate any Item of Collateral in violation of applicable laws and regulations (including all applicable environmental and occupational safety laws) except as shall not have a material adverse effect on such Item or on Borrower. (b) Any alterations or modifications with respect to Collateral that may at any time prior to full repayment of the Indebtedness secured hereby be required to comply with any applicable law or any governmental rule or regulation shall be made by Crescent as required and at the sole expense of Crescent. 8. Reports: (i) Borrower agrees that Secured Party shall not be responsible for any loss or damage to Borrower, its customers or any other third parties caused by the Collateral, any failure 4 thereof or defect therein, or otherwise. Nevertheless, Borrower will immediately notify Secured Party of each personal injury or property damage to property other than the Items, if any, valued by Crescent to be in excess of $25,000 arising out of any alleged or apparent improper manufacturing, functioning or operation of any Item, the time, place and nature of the injury and damage, the names and addresses of parties involved, persons injured, witnesses and owners of property damaged, and such other information as may be known, and promptly advise Secured Party of all correspondence, papers, notices and documents whatsoever received by Borrower in connection with any claim or demand involving or relating to improper manufacturing, operation or functioning of any Item or charging Secured Party with liability therefor; (ii) Borrower will notify Secured Party in writing within ten (10) days after it has knowledge of the attachment of any Lien to any Collateral which lien is not expressly permitted hereby of the full particulars thereof and of the then location of such Collateral on such day; (iii) Borrower will notify Secured Party on a quarterly basis in writing of the location of any Collateral moved by Borrower from the location specified in this Security Agreement or any subsequent agreement executed by the parties during the three months preceeding such report and Borrower shall notify Secured Party in writing 45 days prior to any change of its place or places of business and/or residence and/or name ; (iv) Borrower will within the later of ninety (90) days of the close of each of its fiscal years or five (5) business days after the date such information which is required to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") is actually filed therewith, deliver, or cause to be delivered, to Secured Party Parent's consolidated balance sheet and profit and loss statement prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and, to the extent available, certified to by a recognized firm of certified public accountants. Borrower will deliver, or cause to be delivered, to Secured Party, within the later of sixty (60) days of the close of each of its fiscal quarters or five business days after the date such information which is required to be filed with the SEC is actually filed therewith, Parent's quarterly consolidated financial report (which shall be in reasonable detail) prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and certified to by the chief financial officer of Parent or other permitted officer; (v) Crescent will permit Secured Party to inspect and examine Collateral at such times and from time to time during normal business hours as Secured Party may wish (and at such other times as may be mutually agreeable) and upon reasonable prior notice, provided, that such examination and inspection shall not unreasonably interfere with Crescent's normal business operations; and (vi) Crescent will provide or arrange to be provided to Secured Party (A) call activity and commission reports with regard to the Items of Collateral no later than the 20th day of each month and (B) revenue reports with respect to coin revenue from Items of Collateral no later than the 15th day of each month. 9. Risk of Loss: (a) Crescent is solely responsible for the entire risk of use and operation, and for each and every cause or hazard, and all loss and damage to any and all Items whether arising through operation or otherwise. In the event of damage to any Item of Collateral, Crescent, at its cost and expense, shall promptly repair or cause to be repaired such Item, restoring it to its previous condition or the condition in which it was required to be, assuming Crescent had met all its obligations for maintenance of the Collateral. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Loss (defined below) with respect to any Item, Crescent shall, if such Event of Loss will result in there being less than 1500 Items of Collateral subject to this Security Agreement, replace the Item of Collateral in 5 respect of which such Event of Loss has occurred as provided in paragraph (c) of this Section 9. The Borrower may only replace an Item of Collateral with equipment that performs the same function as the Item of Collateral with respect to which the Event of Loss has occurred, such replacement equipment to be free and clear of all Liens (excepting those expressly agreed to by Secured Party), and to have a fair market value, condition, remaining useful life and utility at least equal to the Items so replaced (assuming such Item was in the condition and repair required by the terms hereof) ("Replacement Equipment"). Provided Borrower is not in breach or default of this Security Agreement, any proceeds of insurance received by Secured Party with respect to any such loss shall be paid to Crescent to the extent necessary to reimburse Crescent for costs incurred and paid by Crescent in repairing damaged Equipment or as a credit against total amount payable by Borrower with respect to the Collateral involved, as the case may be, all as provided in this Security Agreement. (b) For the purposes hereof, "Event of Loss" shall mean, with respect to any Item of Collateral, if such Item is (i) destroyed, condemned, irreparably damaged or damaged beyond economic repair, (ii) requisitioned for use by a governmental entity for an indefinite period or stated period extending beyond a period in excess of ninety (90) consecutive days or the final installment payment date stated on the applicable Note, whichever is earlier, (iii) the subject of an insurance settlement with respect to such Item of Collateral on the basis of a constructive total loss, (iv) stolen or lost and not recovered within thirty (30) days, (v) the subject of a condemnation or requisition of title by a governmental entity, or (vi) prohibited by applicable law from being used by Borrower for a period of ninety (90) consecutive days or the final installment payment date on the applicable Note, whichever is earlier. (c) The Borrower's right to replace any Item of Collateral as provided in paragraph (a) above and Section 6(a) hereof shall be subject to the fulfillment, at the Borrower's sole cost and expense, of the following conditions precedent: (A) on the date of such replacement the following documents shall have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the respective party or parties thereto and shall be in full force and effect, and an executed counterpart of each thereof shall have been delivered to the Secured Party: (1) a Schedule covering the Replacement Equipment and any location agreement related thereto ("Replacement Contract"); (2) evidence of the making of such Uniform Commercial Code financing statements and fixture filings covering the security interests created by this Security Agreement as are deemed necessary or desirable by counsel for the Secured Party to protect the security interest of the Secured Party in the Replacement Equipment and such related Contract or Replacement Contract; 6 (B) on such replacement date, the Secured Party shall receive a valid, first priority security interest in the Replacement Equipment and such Contract or Replacement Contract free and clear of Liens (excepting those expressly agreed to by Secured Party); (C) the Secured Party shall have received evidence reasonably satisfactory to it with respect to the Replacement Equipment, its function, fair market value, condition, utility and remaining useful life. 10. Insurance: (a) Crescent, at its own cost and expense shall obtain, maintain and shall keep the Items insured against all risks of loss or damage from every cause whatsoever (other than vandalism or malicious mischief) in an amount not less than the greater of actual cash value or the aggregate amount of all unpaid Indebtedness as at any time, with such reasonable deductibles and co-insurance (as are consistent with industry standards or as Secured Party may approve in writing). Secured Party agrees that Crescent may self-insure against such casualty risks for any Item of Collateral. Crescent shall also obtain and maintain, until repayment in full of the Indebtedness, public liability insurance covering liability for bodily injury, including death, and property damage resulting from the purchase, ownership, leasing, maintenance, use or operation of the Items in an amount of at least $1,000,000 with respect to each separate Schedule hereto, or in such greater amounts as Secured Party may from time to time require. If not self-insured, Secured Party shall be the sole named loss-payee with respect to damage or loss to the Items and shall be a named additional insured on the public liability insurance. All insurance shall be with insurers and in form satisfactory to Secured Party; shall provide for at least thirty (30) days advance written notice to Secured Party before any cancellation or material modification thereof (or ten (10) days advance written notice for cancellation for nonpayment of premium); shall waive any claim for premium against Secured Party; and shall not be invalidated or the insurers liability to or for or on behalf of Secured Party be diminished or affected by any breach of warranty or representation or other act or omission of the Borrower. Crescent shall deliver to Secured Party the original policy or policies of insurance, certificates of insurance or other evidence satisfactory to Secured Party evidencing the insurance required hereby along with proof satisfactory to Secured Party of the payment of the premium therefor. Secured Party may, at its option, apply proceeds of insurance, in whole or in part, to (A) repair or replace any Item or any portion thereof, or (B) satisfy any obligation of Borrower to Secured Party hereunder, provided that in the absence of any Event of Default, ten (10) business days' prior written notice is given to Crescent. (b) Secured Party is authorized, but under no duty, to obtain such insurance upon failure of Crescent to do so. In obtaining such insurance, Secured Party agrees to use reasonable efforts to maintain the cost of the premiums for such insurance to reasonable amounts. Crescent shall give immediate written notice to the Secured Party of loss or damage to the Items reasonably estimated by Crescent to be in excess of $1,500 per Item. Crescent hereby irrevocably appoints the Secured Party as attorney-in-fact, coupled with an interest, for Crescent in obtaining, adjusting and canceling any such insurance and endorsing settlement drafts and hereby assigns to the Secured Party all sums which may become payable under such insurance, including return premiums and dividends, as additional security for the Indebtedness. 7 11. Indemnification: Borrower hereby agrees to indemnify, save and keep harmless Secured Party, its agents, employees, successors and assigns, from and against any and all losses, damages (including indirect, special or consequential), penalties, injuries, claims, actions and suits including, without limitation, legal expenses, of whatsoever kind and nature, in contract or tort, including, but in no way limited to, Secured Party's strict liability in tort, unless and except to the extent Secured Party's gross negligence or willful misconduct is the proximate cause of any such loss, damage, penalty, injury, claim, action or suit, and Borrower shall at its own expense defend any and all such actions, arising out of the selection, modification, purchase, ownership, acceptance or rejection of any of the Collateral and the delivery, possession, maintenance, use, condition (including, without limitation, latent and other defects, whether or not discoverable by Secured Party or Borrower, and any claim for patent, trademark or copyright infringement), or operation of any Item of Collateral by whomsoever used or operated or arising out of or resulting from the condition of any Item of Collateral sold or disposed of after use by Borrower, any lessee, sublessee or employee of Borrower. The indemnities and assumptions of liability herein provided for shall continue in full force and effect notwithstanding the termination of this Security Agreement whether by expiration of time, operation or law or otherwise. BORROWER AGREES THAT SECURED PARTY SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO BORROWER FOR ANY CLAIM CAUSED DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY BY THE INADEQUACY OF ANY ITEM OF COLLATERAL FOR ANY PURPOSE OR ANY DEFICIENCY OR DEFECT THEREIN OR THE USE OR MAINTENANCE THEREOF OR ANY REPAIRS, SERVICING OR ADJUSTMENTS THERETO OR ANY DELAY IN PROVIDING OR FAILURE TO PROVIDE ANY THEREOF OR ANY INTERRUPTION OR LOSS OF SERVICE OR USE THEREOF OR ANY LOSS OF BUSINESS, ALL OF WHICH SHALL BE THE SOLE RISK AND RESPONSIBILITY OF BORROWER. 12. Default; Remedies: If any of the following (herein an "Event of Default") shall occur: (a) Borrower shall default in the payment of Indebtedness to Secured Party or in making any other payment hereunder or under any Note when due, and such default shall continue for a period of ten (10) days after written notice thereof to Borrower from Secured Party without its cure by Borrower, or (b) Borrower shall default in the payment when due of any obligations of Borrower (A) equal to or greater than $50,000, whether or not to Secured Party, arising independently of this Security Agreement or any Note, and such default shall continue for a period of ten (10) days after written notice thereof to Borrower from Secured Party after any applicable cure period set forth in the document creating such obligation without its cure by Borrower or (B) which default would permit the acceleration of such obligation, or (c) Borrower shall default in the performance of any other material covenant contained herein other than those referred to in clause (d) herein (including any Schedule hereto), any Certificate in respect hereof or any Note or any other document entered into in connection with this Security Agreement and such default shall continue for ten (10) days after written notice thereof to Borrower by Secured Party, or (d) Crescent shall breach any of its material insurance obligations under paragraph 10 hereof, or (e) any representation or warranty made by Borrower in this Security Agreement or any other documents entered into in connection with this Security Agreement shall prove to be incorrect in any material respect when any such representation or warranty was made or given, or (f) Crescent, ANEI or Parent shall become insolvent or make an 8 assignment for the benefit of creditors, or (g) Crescent, ANEI or Parent shall apply for or consent to the appointment of a receiver, trustee or liquidator for a substantial part of its property or such receiver, trustee or liquidator is appointed without the application or consent of Crescent, ANEI or Parent, or (h) a petition shall be filed by or against Crescent, ANEI or Parent under the federal bankruptcy laws (including, without limitation, a petition for reorganization, arrangement or extension) or under any other insolvency law or law providing for the relief of debtors, or (i) there is, without the prior consent of Secured Party which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, a change in control (defined to be a change in the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of Borrower, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise but not to include a change in the composition of the boards of directors of Borrower), or (j) there is a material adverse change (defined to be a decrease of at least one-third (1/3) of net worth, as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) in Parent's financial condition; then, to the extent permitted by applicable law, Secured Party shall have the right to exercise any one or more of the following remedies one or more times: (A) declare this Security Agreement in default, such declaration being applicable to all Schedules hereunder except as specifically excepted by Secured Party; (B) declare the entire amount of unpaid total Indebtedness immediately due and payable; (C) declare due and payable the amount of any indemnification hereunder if then determinable, with interest as provided herein; (D) upon notice to any lessees or sublessees permitted pursuant to paragraph 6(a), to obtain and retain all rentals thereafter due, paid and/or payable; (E) without demand or legal process to enter into any premises where the Collateral may be found and take possession of and remove the same, whereupon all rights of Borrower in the Collateral shall terminate absolutely, and either (i) retain all prior payments of Indebtedness and sell the Collateral at public or private sale, with or without notice to Borrower, with or without having the Collateral at the sale, at which sale Secured Party may purchase all or any of the Collateral, the proceeds of such sale, less expenses of retaking, storage, repairing and reselling, and reasonable attorneys' fees incurred by Secured Party, to be applied to the payment of the unpaid total Indebtedness, Borrower remaining liable for the balance of said unpaid total Indebtedness, and any surplus thereafter remaining to be for the account of Borrower (except as otherwise provided under applicable law) or (ii) retain the Collateral and all prior payments of Indebtedness, in satisfaction of the remaining unpaid Indebtedness in accordance with Section 9-505(2) of the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the State of New York; (F) pursue any other remedy then available to Secured Party at law or in equity. Borrower hereby covenants and agrees to notify Secured Party immediately of the occurrence of any Event of Default specified in this paragraph 12 and promptly after such occurrence provide Secured Party with a means of access to the coin boxes of pay telephones which constitute Items of Collateral. 13. Remedies Cumulative: Time of performance of Borrower's obligations hereunder is of the essence. All remedies of Secured Party hereunder are cumulative, and may, to the extent permitted by law, be exercised concurrently or separately, and the exercise of any one remedy shall not be deemed to be an election of such remedy to the exclusion of any other remedy or to preclude the exercise of any other remedy at any other time. Failure on the part of the Secured Party to exercise, or delay in exercising, any right or remedy hereunder or Secured Party's failure at any time 9 to restrict performance by Borrower of any of the provisions hereof shall not operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise by Secured Party of any right or remedy hereunder preclude any other further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right or remedy. 14. Assignment: Borrower acknowledges, understands and agrees that Secured Party may assign this Security Agreement, any Schedule or Certificate or any Note to any bank or any other lending institution or any other person, organization or agency upon ten (10) days' prior written notice to Borrower, and Borrower shall (a) recognize any such assignment, (b) accept the lawful demands of such assignee, (c) surrender assigned Collateral only to such assignee, (d) pay all Indebtedness payable hereunder and do any and all things required of Borrower hereunder, notwithstanding any default of the Secured Party or the existence of any claim, defense or offset between Borrower and Secured Party, and (e) not require any assignee of the Security Agreement to perform any duty, covenant or condition required to be performed by Secured Party under the terms of this Security Agreement provided that Secured Party shall remain liable for such performance. The obligations of Borrower shall not be subject, as against any such assignee or transferee, to any defense, set-off or counterclaim available to Borrower against Secured Party and any such defense, set-off or counterclaim may be asserted only against Secured Party. 15. Filings: Borrower agrees to execute any instrument or instruments necessary or expedient for filing, recording, perfecting, or notifying of the interest of Secured Party upon request of, and as reasonably determined by, Secured Party. Borrower hereby specifically authorizes Secured Party to file financing statements not signed by Borrower or to execute same for and on behalf of Borrower as Borrower's attorney-in-fact, irrevocably and coupled with an interest, for such purposes. A carbon, photographic or other reproduction of the Security Agreement or a financing statement shall be sufficient as a financing statement for filing purposes. 16. Notes: (a) Upon ten (10) days' prior written notice by Secured Party to Borrower that Secured Party intends to transfer any Note, Borrower shall, in exchange for the Note to be transferred, promptly execute a new note in the amount of the exchanged Note, naming the transferee as payee thereunder, and deliver the same to such transferee, provided, that Secured Party simultaneously surrenders the old Note to Crescent or ANEI. (b) If any Note shall become mutilated or shall be destroyed, lost or stolen, Borrower shall, upon the written request of payee under such Note, execute and deliver in replacement thereof, the new Note payable in the same amount and dated the same date as the Note so mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen, provided, that such payee delivers to Crescent or ANEI simultaneously therewith, the mutilated Note or a signed affidavit in form reasonably satisfactory to Crescent or ANEI stating that such Note was destroyed, lost or stolen. 17. Borrower's Representations and Covenants Regarding Collateral. The Borrower represents, warrants, and covenants to the Secured Party as follows: (i) Crescent is the sole and lawful owner of all of the Collateral, with good title thereto free of all Liens except for the rights of the Secured Party as provided in this Security Agreement; (ii) Crescent has the power and authority 10 to, and does hereby convey to the Secured Party, a valid and perfected first priority security interest in all of the Collateral as security for the prompt and full payment of all of the Indebtedness; (iii) none of the Collateral, nor any interest therein, has been previously transferred, conveyed, assigned, or pledged by the Borrower in any manner that would result in impairment of the Secured Party's first priority security interest in the Collateral granted to the Secured Party pursuant hereto; (iv) the Note, this Security Agreement, each Schedule, and the Contracts, create legal, valid, and binding obligations of the respective parties thereto, enforceable against them in accordance with their respective terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar laws affecting the enforceability generally of the rights of creditors or lessors; (v) except as otherwise provided in Section 5 hereof, Crescent shall not assign any of its rights to the Collateral, or grant a security interest in or lien upon any thereof, to any person other than the Secured Party without the Secured Party's prior written consent; (vi) Borrower shall execute such financing statements, continuation financing statements, and assignment financing statements in connection herewith as the Secured Party may reasonably request concurrently with the delivery of the Security Agreement, and at any time or times thereafter; (vii) Borrower shall not amend or modify any provision of any Contract if such amendment or modification would have a material adverse effect on Lender's rights as granted herein or on Lender's first priority security interest therein without the prior written consent of the Secured Party (viii) each of the Contracts is, by its terms, assignable by Crescent (except as prohibited by applicable laws and regulations), and no Contract provides for any claim (other than a claim for nonpayment of commissions due thereunder) or lien by the owner of the premises on which any Item is located on any such Item, and each Contract (other than 2 of the Contracts) allows Crescent to remove the Collateral from the premises whenever Crescent or its assigns feels it is necessary to do so to prevent the deterioration of the value of the Collateral without liability or accountability to such owner; (ix) if Crescent shall replace any item of Equipment pursuant to Section 9 hereof, Borrower agrees that the Contract related to such Replacement Equipment shall automatically, without further action by Borrower or Secured Party, be assigned to Secured Party; (x) the related Contracts for at least 1500 of the Items have terms, including automatic renewals thereof, of at least forty-eight (48) months from the date hereof; (xi) Crescent shall promptly notify Secured Party if any Contract is terminated or is not renewed at any time the Note secured by such Contract is outstanding;(xii) each Item of Collateral which is a pay telephone contains an Elcotel number 4 or 5 board and constitutes a "smart phone" as such term is currently used in the telecommunications industry; and (xiii) the Collateral is and shall remain personal property notwithstanding the manner in which it is, may be or become affixed to, any premises, and title thereto shall remain at all times in Crescent, its legal representatives, successors, agents or permitted assigns. 18. No Assumption of Obligations. By virtue of the collateral assignment under this Security Agreement, the Secured Party will not be deemed to have assumed (or to have agreed to perform) any of the obligations, or to be subject to any liabilities, of the Borrower under any Contract. This Security Agreement will not relieve the Borrower from any of the obligations or liabilities of the Borrower under each Contract. 19. Power of Attorney. Borrower hereby names and appoints the Secured Party as Crescent's 11 true and lawful attorney-in-fact for the following purposes (all of which the Secured Party may undertake, at any time an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing in Crescent's name or in the Secured Party's name, without further consent of or notice to Crescent and without affecting or impairing the obligations of Crescent hereunder): (i) to sign Crescent's name and otherwise endorse all checks, notes, drafts, and other receipts or remittances received or given with respect to any obligations owing by or to Crescent under any Contract and under the agreement with the B&C Agent (as defined in Section 20 hereof) (collectively, the "Contract Obligations"); (ii) renew, extend, modify, perform, release or discharge any Contract Obligation; (iii) accept full or partial payments with respect to any of the Contract Obligations; (iv) accept new or additional documents, instruments or agreements relating to, or in substitution of, the Contract Obligations; (v) settle, release (by operation of law or otherwise), compound, compromise, collect, or liquidate any of the Contract Obligations and all security therefor (including, but not limited to, the Collateral); (vi) consent to the transfer, release, or return of security, and take and hold additional or substitute security for the Contract Obligations; (vii) amend, modify, exchange, release or waive any security or guarantee for any of the Contract Obligations; and (viii) bid and purchase at any sale, foreclosure or other disposition of any of the Contract Obligations or any of the security therefor. 20. Operator Service Revenues. ANEI acknowledges that it has entered into a contractual arrangement with OAN Services, Inc. (the "B&C Agent"), pursuant to which the B&C Agent is obligated to forward to ANEI on a regular basis certain monies in respect of long distance operator-assisted calls which are generated by each Item of Collateral which is a pay telephone and actually billed and collected by the B&C Agent (the "Crescent-Derived OS Revenue"). ANEI represents and warrants that it has directed the B&C Agent, pursuant to a letter of direction substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, to forward the Crescent-Derived OS Revenue directly to an account specified by the Secured Party. Pursuant to the terms of a lockbox agreement with a collection agent, the Secured Party agrees that, after deducting from such Crescent-Derived OS Revenue the amount necessary to satisfy the monthly debt service on the Note, the remainder shall be available to the Borrower. 21. Release of Collateral. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, it is expressly understood and agreed that in the event that Borrower shall obtain financing from a third party, Secured Party shall, in the absence of any Event of Default hereunder, release its security interest in up to 386 Items, the Contracts with respect to such Items and all Proceeds and Additions of such Items provided, that (i) Secured Party receives at least 30 days' prior written notice of such proposed release, (ii) Secured Party retains a perfected first priority security interest in at least 1500 Items which have related Contracts with terms which extend at least to the maturity of the Note and (iii) Secured Party receives an executed copy of the commitment for such financing. If the foregoing conditions are met, Secured Party agrees to promptly execute and deliver, at Borrower's sole cost and expense, one or more UCC-3 financing statements and such other documents and instruments as are reasonably necessary to effectuate such release. 22. Miscellaneous: (a) In case of failure of Borrower to comply with any provision of this Security Agreement, Secured Party shall have the right, but shall not be obligated, to effect such 12 compliance in whole or in part, and all moneys spent and expenses and obligations incurred or assumed by Secured Party in effecting such compliance (including but not limited to, attorneys' fees and costs incurred in attempting to effect compliance against Borrower and/or others) shall constitute additional Indebtedness hereby secured due to Secured Party ten (10) days after the date Secured Party sends notice to Crescent or ANEI requesting payment. Secured Party's effecting such compliance shall not be waiver of Borrower's default. Interest on any payments made by Secured Party hereunder on amounts due after Secured Party declares default under paragraph 12 and interest on any overdue payment under paragraph 11 shall be at the default rate prescribed in the Note, (or, if there is more than one Note, at the highest among the default rates prescribed in such Notes), but not to exceed the maximum lawful rate. Any provisions in this Security Agreement, any Schedule hereto or Certificate in respect hereof which are in conflict with any statute, law or rule applicable shall be deemed omitted, modified or altered to conform thereto. (b) If any provision of this Security Agreement shall contravene or be invalid under applicable law or regulation (including federal law and regulation), such contravention or invalidity shall not affect the entire Security Agreement, the provisions held to be invalid to be deemed deleted or modified and the Security Agreement interpreted and construed as though such invalid provision or provisions were not part hereof or conformed thereto. (c) Secured Party may give notice to Borrower or make a request of Borrower by depositing such notice or request in the U.S. mail, first class postage prepaid, addressed to the Borrower at its address above, an address furnished by Borrower to Secured Party or at the option of Borrower, at the principal place of business of Crescent (7 Mayflower Place, Floral Park, NY 11101) or the principal place of business of ANEI (100 West Lucerne Circle, Suite 100, Orlando, FL 32801). All notices required to be given by Borrower hereunder shall be deemed adequately given if sent by registered or certified mail or by overnight delivery service to Secured Party at the address of Secured Party stated herein, or at such other place as Secured Party may designate to Borrower in writing. (d) This Security Agreement, any addendum hereto attached and signed by Secured Party and Borrower, any Schedule hereto and any Certificate in respect hereof, constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof. THIS SECURITY AGREEMENT, ANY VARIATION OR MODIFICATION OF THIS SECURITY AGREEMENT, ANY WAIVER OF ANY OF ITS PROVISIONS OR CONDITIONS AND ALL SCHEDULES SHALL NOT BE VALID UNLESS IN WRITING AND SIGNED BY AN AUTHORIZED OFFICER OR MANAGER OF SECURED PARTY. (e) BORROWER WAIVES ALL RIGHTS TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LITIGATION ARISING HEREFROM OR IN RELATION HERETO. (f) THIS SECURITY AGREEMENT SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REFERENCE TO CONFLICTS OF LAW RULES. 13 (g) BORROWER SUBMITS FOR ITSELF AND ITS PROPERTY IN ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY NOTE, OR FOR RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT OF ANY JUDGMENT IN RESPECT THEREOF, TO THE NONEXCLUSIVE GENERAL JURISDICTION OF ANY STATE OR FEDERAL COURT SITTING IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, NEW YORK AND APPELLATE COURTS FROM ANY THEREOF; CONSENTS THAT ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING MAY BE BROUGHT IN SUCH COURTS AND WAIVES ANY OBJECTION THAT IT MAY NOW OR HEREAFTER HAVE TO THE VENUE OF ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING IN ANY SUCH COURT OR THAT SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING WAS BROUGHT IN AN INCONVENIENT COURT AND AGREES NOT TO PLEAD OR CLAIM THE SAME; AND AGREES THAT SERVICE MAY BE MADE ON BORROWER IN ANY SUCH PROCEEDING BY DELIVERING A COPY OF PROCESS TO BORROWER AT BORROWER'S ABOVE ADDRESS, SUCH SERVICE TO BE EFFECTIVE UPON RECEIPT. (h) With respect to the Borrower, all words used herein in the singular shall be deemed to have been used in the plural; "Borrower" shall mean each and any one or more of them. 14 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Security Agreement as of the date first above written. CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS Inc., as Borrower By: /s/ Kenneth Baritz Name: Kenneth Baritz Title: Chairman ATTEST: /s/ Renee A. Brander Name: Renee A. Brandner Title: Secretary AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, Inc. By: /s/ Kenneth Baritz Name: Kenneth Baritz Title: Chairman ATTEST: /s/ Amy S. Gross Name: Amy S. Gross Title: Secretary LYON CREDIT CORPORATION, as Secured Party By:/s/ F. S. Snipes Name: Title: 15 SCHEDULE NO. 1 TO SECURITY AGREEMENT Description of Collateral: See Schedule A hereto. Collateral currently located at: The locations set forth on Schedule A hereto Reference is made to that certain Security Agreement No. 001, dated as of October 4, 1995 (as it may be modified or amended, now or hereafter, called the "Security Agreement") between Lyon Credit Corporation ("Secured Party"), American Network Exchange, Inc. and Crescent Public Communications Inc. (collectively, "Borrower" ). All of the terms and provisions of the Security Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference into and made part of this Schedule to the same extent as if fully set forth herein. Borrower and Secured Party hereby agree to be bound by the terms and provisions, and hereby make, as if made as of the date hereof, the representations and warranties contained in the Security Agreement as each relates to the Collateral described above. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Schedule as of the 4th day of October, 1995. AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, INC., CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS as Borrower INC., as Borrower By: /s/ Kenneth Baritz By: /s/ Kenneth Baritz Name: Kennth Baritz Name: Kenneth Baritz Title: Chairman Title: Chairman Attest: /s/ Amy S. Gross By: /s/ Renee A. Brandner Name: Amy S. Gross Name: Renee A. Brandner Title Secretary Title: Secretary LYON CREDIT CORPORATION, as Secured Party By:/s/ F. S. Snipes Name: Title: AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, Inc. By: Name: Title: LYON CREDIT CORPORATION, as Secured Party By:/s/ Name: Title: 16 Exhibit "B" to Security Agreement No. SCHEDULE NO. ___ TO SECURITY AGREEMENT Description of Collateral: Installed Pay Telephones Collateral be located at: see attached Reference is made to that certain Security Agreement No. ___, dated as of ______, 19__ (as it may be modified or amended, now or hereafter, called the "Security Agreement") between Lyon Credit Corporation ("Secured Party"), Crescent Public Communications Inc. and American Network Exchange, Inc. (collectively, "Borrower"). All of the terms and provisions of the Security Agreement are hereby incorporated by reference into and made part of this Schedule to the same extent as if fully set forth herein. Borrower and Secured Party hereby agree to be bound by the terms and provisions, and hereby make, as if made as of the date hereof, the representations and warranties applicable to each Borrower contained in the Security Agreement as each relates to the Collateral described below. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Schedule as of the ___ day of ____, 19__. CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS Inc., as Borrower By: Name: Title: ATTEST: Name: Title: 18 EX-10.13 13 AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO SECURITY AGREEMENT AMENDMENT TO SECURITY AGREEMENT NO. 001 AMENDMENT dated as of December 28, 1995 by and among LYON CREDIT CORPORATION ("Secured Party"), AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, INC. ("ANEI") and CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS INC. ("Crescent" and with ANEI, collectively, "Borrower"). RECITALS WHEREAS, the undersigned are parties to a certain Security Agreement No. 001 dated as of October 4, 1995 (the "Security Agreement"), pursuant to which, among other things, subject to the terms thereof, the Borrower granted to the Secured Party a first security interest in the Collateral (as such term is defined in the Security Agreement) for purposes of securing payment on each promissory note made by the Borrower in favor of the Secured Party and all other indebtedness of the Borrower to the Secured Party; and WHEREAS, simultaneously herewith, the Borrower is executing a new promissory note in favor of the Secured Party, and in connection therewith, the undersigned desire to amend the Security Agreement in accordance with clause (d) of Section 22 thereof, in order to incorporate into the Security Agreement certain new provisions relating thereto. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the undersigned hereby agree as follows: 1. Except as otherwise provided herein, all capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Security Agreement. 2. The original listing of Collateral ("Original List") comprising Schedule A attached to Schedule No. 1 to the Security Agreement ("Schedule 1") is hereby deleted in its entirety and the new listing of Collateral ("New List") comprising Schedule A attached to Schedule No. 2 to the Security Agreement ("Schedule 2") is substituted therefor. It is understood and agreed that the New List shall serve to collateralize both Schedule 1 and Schedule 2, each of which, as amended hereby, shall remain in full force and effect. 3. The first sentence of Section 5 of the Security Agreement is hereby amended to read in its entirety as follows: Borrower shall keep the Collateral free and clear from all liens, charges, encumbrances and security interests of any kind ("Liens"), except for (i) the Lien of Secured Party, as provided in this Security Agreement, (ii) Liens for taxes either not yet due or being contested by Crescent in good faith with due diligence and by appropriate proceedings, so long as such proceedings do not, in the opinion of Secured Party, involve any material danger of sale, forfeiture or loss of Collateral or any part thereof or title thereto or interest therein, (iii) inchoate materialmen's, mechanics', workmen's, repairmen's, employees', carriers', warehousemen's or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business of Crescent and not delinquent and Crescent shall be maintaining adequate reserves therefor and (iv) in the absence of any Event of Default hereunder, any Lien of any third party, provided, that (A) Secured Party retains a perfected first priority security interest in at least 1866 Items of Collateral and (B) each of the Contracts related to such Items has a term which extends at least to the maturity of the Note. 4. The references to "1500" appearing in clause (a) of Section 6, clause (a) of Section 9, and clause (x) of Section 17 of the Security Agreement are hereby amended to read "1866". 5. The Security Agreement is hereby amended by deleting Section 21 thereof in its entirety and renumbering the remaining Section 22 of the Security Agreement as Section 21. 6. Except as expressly amended herein, the terms and conditions of the Security Agreement shall remain in full force and effect without waiver or modification of the rights of any party thereto. 7. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts and by different parties hereto on separate counterparts each of which, when so executed and delivered, shall be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has caused this Amendment to be executed on its behalf by an officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above written. Borrower: CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS INC. By:/s/ Name: Kenneth G. Baritz Title: Chairman Borrower: AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, INC. By: /s/ Name: Kenneth G. Baritz Title: Chairman Secured Party: LYON CREDIT CORPORATION By: /s/ Name: F.S. Snipes Title: Asst. V.P. EX-10.14 14 SECOND AMENDMENT TO SECURITY AGREEMENT SECOND AMENDMENT TO SECURITY AGREEMENT SECOND AMENDMENT TO SECURITY AGREEMENT ("Amendment") dated as of November 15, 1996, by and among LYON CREDIT CORPORATION ("Secured Party"), AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, INC. ("ANEI") and CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS INC. ("Crescent" and ANEI are collectively herein, the "Borrower" ). RECITALS WHEREAS, the undersigned are parties to a certain Security Agreement No. 001 dated as of October 4, 1995 (the "Original Security Agreement"), pursuant to which, among other things and subject to the terms thereof, the Borrower granted to the Secured Party a first security interest in the Collateral (as such term is defined in the Security Agreement) for purposes of securing payment on that certain Promissory Note, cated as of October 4, 1995, in the original stated amount of $2,500,000.00 executed by Borrower and payable to Secured Party ("First Note") and each promissory note made by the Borrower in favor of the Secured Party and all other indebte!dness of the Borrower to the Secured Party; and WHEREAS, Secured Party advanced further funds to Borrower pursuant to that Promissory Note, dated as of December 28, 1995, in the original stated principal amount of $500,000.00 ("Second Note"). In connection with this additional funding, the parties amended the Original Security Agreement in accordance with that Amendment to Security Agreement, dated as of December 28, 1995 ("First Amendment") and other related amendment and loan documents; and WHEREAS, simultaneously herewith, Borrower is refinancing the First Note and Seconcl Note and receiving additional funds under a new Consolidated, Renewed and Restated Promissory Note in the original stated principal amount of $7,000,000.00 executed by Borrower in favor of the Secured Party (such refinancing and additional funding being sometimes hereinafter referred to as the "Loan") and other related amendment and loan documents; and in connection therewith, the undersigned desire to amend the Original Security Agreement as amended by the First Amendment to incorporate therein certain new conditions, terms and additional collateral. AGREEMENTS NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the undersigned hereby agree as follows: 1. The recitals set forth above are incorporated herein for all purposes. 2. Except as otherwise provided herein, all capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Security Agreement. "Security Agreement" as used herein shall mean the Original Security Agreement as amended by the First Amendment and as amended by this Amendment. 3. Schedule No. 1 to the Original Security Agreement was wholly restated and revised by Schedule No. 2 executed in connection with and as part of the First Amendment. Schedule No. 2 is hereby wholly restated and replaced by Schedule No. 3 attached hereto and incorporated herein for all purposes. It is understood and agreed that only Schedule No. 3 shall serve as Collateral under the Security Agreement. 4. "Note" as used in the Security Agreement shall include, without limitation, that certain Consolidated, Renewed and Restated Promissory Note dated as of November 15, 1996, in the original stated principal amount of $7,000,000.00, which note shall be included, without limitation, within the Indebtedness secured by the Security Agreement. 5. Clause (i) under Section 1 of the Security Agreement which reads as follows "(i) each unit of property (such unit, an "Item") described in a Schedule in the form attached hereto as Exhibit "B" (a "Schedule") and each unit of property constituting Replacement Equipment as defined in Section 9 hereof," is replaced with the following: (i) each unit of property (such unit, an "Item") having the location and phone number set forth on and as further described on Schedule No. 3 attached hereto ("Schedule") and each Item constituting Replacement Equipment as defined in Section 9 hereof ("Item" as used herein shall mean the applicable pay telephone, together with any telephone booths, enclosures, stations, pedestals, apparatus, circuit boards, coin banks and any other equipment physically connected to or installed in or with such telephones located at the addresses set forth on the Schedule), 6. Section 5 of the Security Agreement is hereby amended to read in its entirety as follows: 5. Liens: Borrower shall keep the Collateral free and clear from all liens, charges, encumbrances and security interests of any kind ("Liens"), except for (i) the Lien of Secured Party, as provided in this Security Agreement, (ii) Liens for taxes either not yet due or being contested by Crescent in good faith with due diligence and by appropriate proceedings, so long as such proceedings do not, in the opinion of Secured Party, involve any material danger of sale, forfeiture or loss of Collateral or any part thereof or title thereto or interest therein, and (iii) inchoate materialmen's, mechanics', workmen's, repairmen's, employees', carriers', warehousemen's or other like Liens arising in the ordinary course of business of Crescent and not delinquent and Crescent shall be maintaining adequate reserves therefor. No additional Liens on the Collateral shall be permitted for the benefit of any third party or in connection with any other third party financing. Secured Party shall, at its own cost and expense, promptly take such action as may be necessary to discharge duly all Secured Party's Liens upon full payment and satisfaction of all Indebtedness. Secured Party expressly acknowledges and agrees that for purposes of this Security Agreement including but not limited to the provisions of this Section 5, the Collateral consists only of 3500 Items and associated Contracts, Proceeds and Additions as more fully defined and 2 described in Section 1 hereof and the Schedule dated as of even date herewith attached hereto as Schedule No. 3. 7. The references to "1866" appearing in clause (a) of Section 6 and clause (a) of Section 9 of the Security Agreement are hereby amended to read "3500." 8. Clause (x) of Section 17 of the Security Agreement is hereby revised to read as follows: (x) the related Contracts for at least 3500 of the Items have terms, including automatic renewals thereof, of at least sixty (60) months from the date hereof; 9. The following phrase is hereby deleted from Section 17 (v) "except as otherwise provided in Section 5 hereof." 10. Clause (viii) of Section 17 of the Security Agreement is hereby revised to read as follows: (viii) each of the Contracts is, by its terms, assignable by Crescent (except for Contracts covering approximately 65 Items which are maintained in hospitals, which assignments are subject to the consent of such hospitals and subject to applicable laws and regulations), and no Contract provides for any claim (other than a claim for non-payment of commissions due thereunder) or lien by the owner of the premises on which any Item is located on any such Item, and each Contract (other than 2 of the Contracts) allows Crescent to remove the Collateral from the premises whenever Crescent or its assigns feels it is necessary to do so to prevent the deterioration of the Collateral without liability or accountability to such owner; 11. The Security Agreement is hereby amended by adding Sections 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 28 as set forth below (currently Section 21 is the Miscellaneous Section as the prior Section 21 "Release of Collateral" was deleted in the First Amendment): 22. Earnest Money Fee. Borrower paid a refundable earnest money fee (the "EMF") in the amount of $70,000.00 upon Borrower's execution of the proposal to make the Loan. The EMF shall be returned to Borrower within 30 days after the Loan proceeds have been funded to Borrower (less any Expenses incurred by Secured Party in connection with making the Loan). Expenses as used in this Section 22 shall include, but not be limited to, all costs of recording of liens, UCC searches, reasonable attorneys' fees and expenses, appraisals, reasonable travel expenses and other fees incidental to closing of the Loan. In the event the Loan should not close due to rejection by Borrower and/or its parent company of the financing contemplated hereunder, Borrower acknowledges and agrees that the EMF was fully earned by Secured Party and was not contingent upon the execution of the Second Amendment to Security Agreement or the making of any advance thereunder. 3 23. Prepayment Fee: Loan Fee. Concurrently with the execution of the Agreement, Borrower shall pay a non-refundable fee ("Fee") in the amount of Seventy Thousand and No/100 Dollars ($70,000.00) to Secured Party. Borrower acknowledges and agrees that the Fee was fully earned upon Borrower's execution of this Agreement, and shall not be subject to proration or rebate upon the termination of this Agreement or repayment of the Loan. A portion of the Fee, the calculation of which shall be determined by Secured Party, is payable to Secured Party in connection with the prepayment premium due to Secured Party under the First Note and Second Note. The remainder of the Fee shall be payment to Secured Party as consideration for making the loan and shall also compensate Secured Party for the cost associated with the origination, structuring, processing, approving and closing of the transactions contemplated herein, including, but not limited to, Secured Party's administrative, out-of-pocket, general overhead and lost opportunity costs, but not including any expenses for which Borrower has agreed to reimburse Secured Party pursuant to this Security Agreement . 24. Right to Participate. Borrower acknowledges that it has been informed that Secured Party intends to sell participation interests in the Indebtedness to other financial institutions. To the extent that any such participants should find typographical, word processing or other similar errors, Borrower agrees to correct such matters. 25. No Additional Debt on Coastal Transaction. Without limiting Borrower's rights to use any non-Collateral property for security for new debt for future acquisitions or otherwise, Borrower agrees and represents and warrants to Secured Party that no additional debt, whether through seller financing, third party financing, or whether secured or unsecured, shall be entered into or incurred in connection with the purchase of the assets of Coastal Telecom Payphone Company, Inc., BEK Tel, Inc., and Garden State Telephone Installation & Service Co., Inc. as originally set forth in that certain Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 8, 1996. 26. Inadvertent Replacement. Without limiting or waiving any of the other affirmative obligations of Borrower as to maintaining the Collateral herein, Borrower agrees that the Items of Collateral hereunder shall be maintained at the 3500 level and should Borrower have been mistaken (such mistake must be inadvertent and in good faith) as to the term of, or automatic renewals of, any of the Contracts causing such to terminate prior to the maturity of the Note, Borrower shall within ten (10) Business Days of such termination cause such to be replaced in accordance with Section 9 (c) of this Security Agreement. 27. Copies of Contracts. Borrower represents and warrants that it has available in its files the Contracts and that such shall be held in trust by Borrower for the benefit of Secured Party. Borrower agrees that within ten (10) business days after request by Secured Party after an Event of Default, it shall provide the Contracts to Secured Party. 4 28. Cash Flow Ratio. AMNEX, INC. is a guarantor of the Indebtedness and parent company to each corporation comprising Borrower. As a condition and inducement to Secured Party refinancing and providing additional funds to Borrower, Borrower agrees that it shall be a covenant hereunder applicable to Borrower that AMNEX, Inc. maintain a Cash Flow Ratio (as hereafter defined) of not less than 1.25 to 1.0. Borrower shall provide annual certifications to Secured Party (such shall be delivered along with the annual reports provided under Section 8 (iv)). "Cash Flow Ratio" as used herein is derived by dividing Net Cash Flow (as hereafter defined) by Current Maturities of Long Debt (as hereafter defined). "Net Cash Flow" shall mean the sum of net after tax income (but excluding any condemnation or insurance proceeds payable), depreciation, and amortization of intangible assets. "Current Maturities of Long Term Debt" shall mean the sum of the current portion of long term debt and capital leases payable in the twelve months following the fiscal year end. 12. Borrower remakes its representations and warranties set forth in the Security Agreement as of the date of this Amendment and reaffirms and remakes all of its covenants and agreements as of the date of this Amendment. 13. Secured Party agrees within thirty (30) days after funding the Loan to type legends on the First Note and Second Note stating that such have been consolidated, renewed and restated in the Consolidated, Renewed and Restated Note, dated as of November 15, 1996 and to provide a copy of same to Borrower or AMNEX, Inc. but the First Note and Second Note shall be, as so marked, retained by Secured Party until the Loan shall have been paid in full. Secured Party intends to file new UCC-1s in connection with the Loan and agrees after receipt of the recorded new UCC-1s to file UCC terminations as to the UCC-1s filed in connection with Original Security Agreement and the First Amendment. 14. Except as expressly amended herein, the terms and conditions of the Security Agreement shall remain in full force and effect without waiver or modification of the rights of any party thereto. 15. This Amendment may be executed in any number of counterparts and by different parties hereto on separate counterparts each of which, when so executed and delivered, shall be an original, and all such counterparts shall together constitute one of the same instrument. [THE REMAINDER OF PAGE IS INTENTIONALLY BLANK] 5 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the parties hereto has caused this Second Amendment to Security Agreement to be executed on its behalf by an officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above written. BORROWER: CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS INC. By:/s/ Kenneth G. Baritz, Chairman ATTEST:/s/ Renee A. Brandner, Secretary AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, INC., By: /s/ Kenneth G. Baritz, Chairman ATTEST:/s/ Amy S. Gross, Secretary SECURED PARTY: LYON CREDIT CORPORATION By:/s/ Printed Name:Randall C. House Title:VP/Division Manager 6 Schedule No, 3 to Security Agreement SCHEDULE NO. 3 TO SECURITY AGREEMENT Description of Collateral: 3500 Pay Telephones as outlined on Schedule "A" attached hereto and made a part hereof. Cost of Collateral: $7,000,000.00 Collateral be located at: See Schedule "A" attached hereto and made a part hereof. Reference is rnade to that certain Security Agreernent No. 001, dated as of October 4, 1995, as amended by that certain Amendment to Security Agreement, dated as of December 28, 1995 and that certain Second Amendment to Security Agreement, dated as of November 15, 1996 (as it may be modified or amended, now or hereafter, called the "Security Agreement") between Lyon Credit Corporation ("Secured Party") and American Network Exchange, Inc. and Crescent Public Communications Inc. ("Borrower"). All of the terms and provisions of the Security Agreernent are hereby incorporated by reference into and made part of this Schedule to the same extent as if fully set forth herein. Borrower and Secured Party hereby agree to be bound by the terms and provisions, and hereby make, as if made as of the date hereof, the representations and warranties contained in the Security Agreement as each relates to the Collateral described above. 7 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Schedule as of the 15th day of November, 1996. AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, INC., as Borrower Attest: /s/ By:/s/ Printed Name: Amy S. Gross Kenneth G. Baritz Title: Secretary CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS INC. as Borrower Attest:/s/ By:/s/ Printed Name: Renee A. Brandner Kenneth G. Baritz, Chairman Title:Secretary LYON CREDIT CORPORATION as Secured Party By:/s/ Title: V.P. Division Manager 8 SCHEDULE A Reference is made to that certain Security Agreement No. 001 dated as of October 4, 1995 as amended by the Amendment to Security Agreement, dated as of December 28, 1995, and Second Amendment to Security Agreement, dated as of November 15, 1996 (collectively, the "Security Agreement") by and among Lyon Credit Corporation (together with its successors and assigns, if any, "Secured Party"), American Network Exchange, Inc. ("ANEI") and Crescent Public Communications Inc. ("Crescent", and collectively with ANEI, the "Borrower"), pursuant to which Borrower granted and conveyed to Secured Party a first security interest in, and mortgaged and collaterally assigned to Secured Party, (i) each unit of property (such unit, an "Item") having the location and phone number set forth on and as further described on Attachment 1 attached hereto ("Schedule") and each Item constituting Replacement Equipment as defined in Section 9 of the Security Agreement ("Item" as used herein shall mean the applicable pay telephone, together with any telephone booths, enclosures, stations, pedestals, apparatus, circuit boards, coin banks and any other equipment physically connected to or installed in or with such telephones located at the addresses set forth on the Schedule), (ii) each Pay Telephone Location Agreement between Crescent and the owner or lessee of any location on which any Item may be located, and (iii) all products and proceeds of each Item, if any, which Crescent may be entitled to receive, i.e., excluding any and all non-coin revenues but including commissions receivable on non-coin revenues and any coin revenues derived from an Item, all additions, attachments, accessories and accessions thereto and any and all substitutions, replacements or exchanges thereto, and any and all insurance proceeds thereof, including, but not limited to, every permitted lease or sublease, however designated, covering all or any part thereof, (all of the foregoing hereinafter collectively called the "Collateral"). 9 EX-10.15 15 CONSOLIDATED RENEWED AND RESTATED PROMISSORY NOTE CONSOLIDATED, RENEWED, AND RESTATED PROMISSORY NOTE $7,000,000.00 November 15, 1996 FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned, Crescent Public Communications Inc., and American Network Exchange, Inc., hereinafter collectively called "Borrower", jointly and severally promise to pay to the order of Lyon Credit Corporation, hereinafter called "Payee", at its office located at 1266 East Main Street, Stamford, Connecticut, 06902, or at such other place as Payee may from time to time designate, the principal sum of Seven Million Dollars ($7,000,000.00) together with interest thereon at the rate of 10.52% per annum, with principal and interest payable in sixty (60) consecutive monthly installments, commencing January 1, 1997 and continuing on the same date of each month thereafter until this Note is fully paid, each such installment in the amount of One Hundred Fifty Thousand Five Hundred Twenty Six Dollars and Sixty Seven Cents ($150,526.67). In addition to the normal monthly payment due hereunder on January 1, 1997, if this Note is funded on any day prior to December 1, 1996, Borrower shall pay, in addition to the first monthly payment referred to above, a payment of interest only based on the interest rate charged hereunder on the number of days such funds were outstanding prior to December 1, 1996. The interest rate stated above is based on the corresponding term U.S. Treasury Note Rate as of November 8, 1996 (the "Effective Date") plus 450 basis points (i.e., 4.5%). Each Borrower and Payee agree that any change in the U.S. Treasury Note, from the Effective Date to the date of funding of the extension of credit evidenced by this Note, will result in a corresponding change in the interest rate for this Note. This note is referred to in and is entitled to the benefits of that certain Security Agreement (hereafter defined). Borrower heretofore executed that certain Security Agreement No. 001, dated as of October 4, 1995 (the "Original Security Agreement") for the benefit of Payee. The Original Security Agreement was modified pursuant to that certain Amendment to Security Agreement No. 001, dated as of December 28, 1995 ("First Amendment"), and is concurrently being modified by that certain Second Amendment to Security Agreement, dated as of the date of this Note ("Second Amendment")(collectively, the Original Security Agreement, First Amendment, and Second Amendment are herein the "Security Agreement"). Schedule No. 1 to the Original Security Agreement was wholly restated and replaced by Schedule No. 2 executed in connection with the First Amendment. Schedule No. 2 is being wholly restated and replaced by Schedule No. 3 executed as of even date herewith in connection with the Second Amendment. Schedule No. 3 is herein the "Schedule." The Security Agreement and Schedule encumber and grant Security interests in certain property described therein and secure the indebtedness described herein. All payments received in respect of this Note shall be applied, first, to accrued interest and then to principal. The acceptance by Payee or any holder hereof of any payment which is less than the full amount then due and owing shall not constitute a waiver of Payee's or such holder's right to receive payment in full at such time or at any prior or subsequent time. Borrower, if required by the Security Agreement, shall, upon the occurrence of an "Event of Loss" (as that term is defined in the Security Agreement) with respect to any Item of Collateral described in the Schedule, prepay this Note by that amount an in the manner provided in the Security Agreement. Borrower may, on any regular installment payment date, prepay all or any part of, the unpaid principal balance hereof together with all accrued unpaid interest thereon to the date of such prepayment, provided that along with and in addition to such prepayment Borrower shall pay (i) a prepayment premium equal to a percentage of the remaining principal balance as follows: MONTHS FEE 1-12 5% 13-24 4% 25-36 3% 37-60 2% and (ii) any and all other sums due hereunder and/or under the Security Agreement, and provided further, that Borrower give Secured Party at least forty-five (45) days' prior written notice of such prepayment. If in part, any prepayment shall be in an amount of no less than $250,000.00. Time is of the essence hereof. If payment of any installment or any other sum due under this Note or Security Agreement is not paid within ten (10) days after its due date, Borrower agrees to pay a late charge of five cents (5(cent)) per dollar on, and in addition to, the amount of each such payment, but not exceeding the lawful maximum rate. In the event Borrower shall fail to make any payment under this Note within ten (10) days after written notice thereof from Secured Party or if any other "Event of Default" (as that term is defined in the Security Agreement) shall occur, then the entire unpaid principal balance hereof with accrued unpaid interest thereon together with all other sums payable under this Note or the Security Agreement, shall, at the option of Payee and without notice or demand to Borrower, become immediately due and payable, such accelerated balance bearing interest until paid at the default rate of fifteen percent (15%) per annum, or if prohibited by law, at such lesser rate that is not prohibited by law. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if at any time implementation of any provision hereof shall cause any amount contracted for or charged herein or collectable hereunder to exceed any applicable lawful maximum rate, then the interest shall be limited to lawful maximum rate. Borrower and all sureties, endorsers, guarantors and any others who may at any time become liable for the payment hereof hereby consent to any and all extensions of time, renewals, waivers, and modifications of, and substitutions or releases of security or of any party primarily or secondarily liable on, this Note or the Security Agreement or any of the terms and provision of either that may be made, granted or consented to by Payee, and agree that suit may be brought and maintained against any one or more of them, at the election of Payee, without joinder of the others as parties thereto, and that Payee shall not be required to first foreclose, proceed against, or exhaust any security herefor in order to enforce payment by them, or any one or more of them, of this Note. Borrower and all sureties, endorsers, guarantors or any others who may at any time become liable 2 for the payment hereof hereby severally waive: presentment, notice of nonpayment, demand for payment, notice of dishonor, and all other notices in connection with this Note; filing of suit; diligence in collecting on this Note or enforcing any of the security herefor; and all benefits or valuation, appraisement and exemption laws, and further severally agree to pay, if permitted by law, all expenses incurred in collection, including, without limitation, reasonable attorney's fees. Borrower and the persons signing on Borrower's behalf represent and warrant that the execution and delivery of this Note has been authorized by Borrower's boards of directors and by all other necessary and appropriate corporate and shareholder action. This Note is transferable in accordance with the terms of the Security Agreement. In addition to increasing the amount of the loan to Borrower, this Note also consolidates, renews and restates that certain (i) Promissory Note, dated October 4, 1995, in the original stated amount of $2,500,000.00 executed by Borrower for the benefit of Payee and (ii) Promissory Note, dated December 28, 1995, in the original stated amount of $500,000.00 executed by Borrower for the benefit of Payee. THIS NOTE HAS NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 AND MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED IN VIOLATION OF SUCH ACT. THIS NOTE SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Borrower has executed this Note as of the date first above written. CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS INC. as Borrower By: /s/ Kenneth G. Baritz, Chairman ATTEST: /s/ Renee Brandner, Secretary (Seal) AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, INC., as Borrower By: /s/ Kenneth G. Baritz, Chairman ATTEST: /s/ Amy Gross, Secretary (Seal) 3 EX-10.16 16 MASTER LEASE AGREEMENT MASTER LEASE AGREEMENT MASTER LEASE AGREEMENT dated as of October 10, 1995 between Southbridge Financial Corp., a Delaware corporation ("Lessor"), and American Hotel Exchange, Inc., a Florida corporation ("Lessee"). In Consideration of the mutual agreements hereinafter set forth and the payment of rent as herein provided, the parties hereto agree as follows: 1. Property Leased. Lessor hereby rents, demises and lets to Lessee all of the tangible personal property (the "Equipment") listed on each equipment schedule ("Equipment Schedule") executed, from time to time, pursuant to this Master Lease. Each Equipment Schedule shall be substantially in the form of Exhibit A, shall incorporate therein all of the terms and conditions of the Master Lease, shall contain such additional terms and conditions as Lessor and Lessee shall agree and shall constitute a separate, distinct and independent lease and contractual obligation of Lessee. 2. Definitions. 2.1 "Installation Date" means, as to each Item of Equipment designated on any Equipment Schedule, the date determined in accordance with such Equipment Schedule. 2.2. "Commencement Date" means, as to each Equipment Schedule, the Date determined in accordance with such Equipment Schedule. 2.3. "Event of Default" has the meaning specified in Section 14 hereof. 2.4. "Item" means any individual item or items of Equipment identified in an Equipment Schedule. 2.5. "Lease" means an Equipment Schedule as it incorporates the terms of the Master Lease, together with any riders, supplements and amendments to such Equipment Schedule and Master Lease. 2.6. "Manufacturer" means the manufacturer of the Equipment. 2.7. "Potential Event of Default" means any event which with the lapse of time or the giving of notice, or both, would constitute an Event of Default. 2.8 "Guarantor" means AMNEX, Inc., the parent company of Lessee. 2.9 "Guaranty" means the guaranty of Guarantor delivered pursuant to Section 15.11. 3. Term and Lease Termination Option. 3.1 Term. The term of the Master Lease shall commence on the date set forth above and shall continue in effect so long as any Equipment Schedule remains in effect. The lease term for each Item shall commence on the Installation Date for such Item and shall continue for an initial period ending that number of months from the Commencement Date as is specified in the applicable Equipment Schedule (the "Initial Term"). On the Installation Date for each Item of Equipment, Lessee shall execute and deliver to Lessor a Certificate of Acceptance substantially in the form of Exhibit B. 3.2 Lease Termination Option. So long as no Event of Default or Potential Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Lessee shall have the right to purchase the Equipment on an "as is, where is" basis for the sum of $1.00. At such time, Lessor shall deliver to Lessee a Bill of Sale to evidence such sale. 4. Rent and Payment. Rent shall begin to accrue on the Installation Date and Lessee shall pay to Lessor, as rental for the Equipment during the Initial Term, the rent set forth in the applicable Equipment Schedule ("Rent"), which shall be due and payable on the dates ("Rent Payment Dates") specified therein. Rent shall be paid to Lessor at the address set forth for Lessor in the Equipment Schedule or at such other place as Lessor shall designate in writing, or if to an assignee of Lessor, at such place as such assignee shall designate in writing, and shall be paid free and clear of all claims, demands or setoffs against Lessor or such assignee or any other party. Whenever any payment (of Rent or otherwise) is not made when due hereunder, Lessee shall pay interest on such amount until and including the date of payment, at the lesser of (a) the Overdue Rate specified in the applicable Equipment Schedule, and (b) the maximum allowable rate of interest permitted by law. 5. Selection; Warranty and Disclaimer of Warranties. Lessee represents and warrants that it selects the Equipment based on its own judgment and expressly disclaims any reliance upon statements made by Lessor. Lessee authorizes Lessor to insert in each Equipment Schedule the serial numbers and other identifying data of the Equipment. Lessor warrants to Lessee that, so long as Lessee shall not be in default of any of the provisions of the applicable Equipment Schedule, neither Lessor nor any Assignee or Secured Party (as such terms are defined in Section 6.3) of Lessor will disturb Lessee's quiet and peaceful possession of the Equipment and Lessee's unrestricted use thereof for its intended purpose. LESSOR MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO ANY MATTER WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE DESIGN OR CONDITION OF THE EQUIPMENT, ITS MERCHANTABILITY OR ITS FITNESS OR CAPACITY OR DURABILITY FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, THE QUALITY OF THE MATERIAL OR WORKMANSHIP OF THE EQUIPMENT OR CONFORMITY OF THE EQUIPMENT TO THE PROVISIONS AND SPECIFICATIONS OF ANY PURCHASE ORDER OR ORDERS RELATING THERETO AND, AS TO LESSOR, LESSEE LEASES THE EQUIPMENT "AS IS". Lessor shall not be liable, to any extent whatever, for the selection, quality, condition, merchantability, suitability, fitness, operation or performance of the Equipment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Lessor shall not be liable to Lessee for any liability, claim, loss, damage or expense of any kind or nature (including strict liability in tort) caused, directly or indirectly, by the Equipment or any inadequacy thereof for any purpose, or any deficiency or defect therein, or the use or maintenance thereof, or any repairs, servicing or adjustments thereto; or any delay in providing, or failure to provide, any part thereof, or any loss of business, or any damage whatsoever and howsoever caused except for any such loss caused directly by the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Lessor, or its agents and representatives. Lessor hereby appoints Lessee as Lessor's agent to assert, during the term of the applicable Equipment Schedule, any right Lessor may have to enforce the Manufacturer's warranties, if any; provided, however, that Lessee shall indemnify and hold Lessor and any Assignee or Secured Party harmless from and against any and all claims, costs, expenses, damages, losses and liabilities incurred or suffered by it as a result of or incident to any action by Lessee in connection therewith. 6. Title and Assignment. 6.1 Title. Nothing contained herein or in any Equipment Schedule shall give or convey to Lessee any right, title or interest in or to the Equipment, except as a lessee as set forth therein and Lessee represents and agrees that Lessee shall hold the Equipment subject and subordinate to the rights of Lessor, any Assignee and any Secured Party, and Lessee shall furnish 2 Lessor with such documentation as Lessor shall reasonably request with respect thereto. Lessor is hereby authorized by Lessee, at Lessor's expense, to cause this Master Lease, any Equipment Schedule or any statement or other instrument in respect of any Equipment Schedule as it may deem necessary or appropriate showing the interest of Lessor, any Assignee and any Secured Party in the Equipment to be filed in all jurisdictions deemed by Lessor to be necessary or appropriate and Lessee agrees to execute and deliver Uniform Commercial Code financing statements reasonably requested by Lessor for such purpose. Lessee, at its expense, shall protect and defend Lessor's title as well as the interest of any Assignee and any Secured Party against all persons claiming against or through Lessee and shall at all times keep the Equipment free and clear from any legal process, liens or encumbrance whatsoever (except any placed thereon by or through Lessor) and shall give Lessor immediate written notice thereof and shall indemnify and hold Lessor, any Assignee and any Secured Party harmless from and against any loss caused thereby. 6.2 Sublease or Relocation by Lessee. Provided that no Event of Default or Potential Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Lessee may, upon not less than thirty (30) days' prior written notice to Lessor, relocate the equipment to any location within any state of the continental United States where the Uniform Commercial Code is in effect. In the event of a relocation, Lessee shall cooperate with Lessor in taking all reasonable measures to protect the title of Lessor or any Assignee and the interest of any Secured Party to and in the Equipment and the Lease. No relocation permitted hereunder shall relieve Lessee from any of its obligations under the Lease and Lessee hereby waives any rights it may now have or hereafter acquire to avoid any such obligation by reason of such relocation or any circumstance arising therefrom. Lessee shall not sublease the Equipment or assign this Lease without the prior written consent of Lessor, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. 6.3 Assignment by Lessor. (a) Lessee acknowledges Lessor's intent to have the ability to sell and assign its interest, or grant a security interest for the purpose of securing an obligation, in and to each Equipment Schedule and the Equipment listed therein in whole or in part to a security assignee ("Secured Party") for the purpose of securing a loan to Lessor. Lessor may also sell and assign its rights as owner and lessor of the Equipment under any Equipment Schedule to an assignee ("Assignee") which, at the option of Lessor or the Assignee, may be represented by a bank or trust company acting as a trustee, in which case such trustee shall be the Assignee. After any such assignments, the term Lessor shall mean, as the case may be, such Assignee or trustee and any Secured Party. Lessee hereby consents to any such assignment and shall acknowledge such assignment or assignments as shall be designated by written notice, substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto, given by Lessor to Lessee and further covenants and agrees that: (i) any Secured Party or Assignee shall have and be entitled to exercise any and all discretions, rights and powers of Lessor hereunder or under any Equipment Schedule, but such secured party or Assignee shall not be obligated to perform any of the obligations of Lessor hereunder or under any Equipment Schedule; (ii) Lessee shall pay to such Secured Party as Assignee as shall be designated in such notice, all Rent and any and all other amounts designated in such notice which are payable by Lessee under any Equipment Schedule, notwithstanding any defense, counterclaim, recoupment or setoff of whatever nature, whether by reason of breach of such Equipment Schedule or otherwise, which it may or might now or hereafter have against Lessor or Secured Party or any other party; (iii) Lessee will execute and deliver such further documentation as such Secured Party or Assignee may 3 reasonably require to perfect or further the assignments contemplated by this Section 6.3; and (iv) subject to and without impairment of Lessee's leasehold rights in and to the Equipment, Lessee holds the Equipment for such Secured Party or Assignee to the extent of such Secured Party's or Assignee's rights therein. (b) Notwithstanding any assignment of Lessor's rights hereunder to an Assignee, Secured Party or any other person or entity, Lessor agrees that it shall remain principally responsible and obligated to perform all of Lessor's obligations and agreements hereunder. Lessee shall maintain its right to have recourse directly against Lessor on account of any breach by Lessor of its obligations hereunder. Each Secured Party and Assignee shall covenant that it will not disturb Lessee's quiet and peaceful possession of such Equipment or its unrestricted use thereof for its intended purpose during the term hereof so long as no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing. 7. Net Lease; Taxes and Fees. 7.1 Net Lease. Each Equipment Schedule constitutes a net lease. Lessee's obligation to pay all Rent and any and all other amounts payable by Lessee under any Equipment Schedule shall be absolute and unconditional and shall not be subject to any abatement, reduction, setoff, defense, counterclaim, interruption, deferment or recoupment for any reason whatsoever, and such payments shall be and continue to be payable in all events. 7.2 Taxes and Fees. Lessee covenants and agrees to pay when due or reimburse and indemnify and hold Lessor harmless from and against all taxes, fees or other charges of any nature whatsoever (together with any related interest or penalties) now or hereafter imposed or assessed during the term of each Equipment Schedule against Lessor, Lessee or the Equipment by any federal, state, county or local governmental authority upon or with respect to the Equipment or upon the ordering, purchase, ownership, delivery, leasing, possession, use, operation, return or other disposition thereof or upon the rents, receipts or earnings arising therefrom or upon or with respect to any Equipment Schedule (excepting only federal, state and local taxes based on or measured by the net income of Lessor). To the extent permitted by applicable law, Lessee shall prepare (in such manner as will show Lessor's ownership of the Equipment) and timely file all tax returns required in connection with taxes payable by Lessee hereunder. 8. Care, Use and Maintenance, etc. 8.1 Care, Use and Maintenance. (a) Lessee shall, at its sole expense, at all times during the term of each Equipment Schedule, maintain the Equipment in good operating order, repair, condition and appearance and protect the Equipment from deterioration, other than normal wear and tear. (b) Lessee shall not use the Equipment for any purpose other than that for which it was designated Lessee covenants that the Equipment will at all times be used and operated in accordance with the Manufacturer's instructions and in compliance with any restriction contained in the Manufacturer's warranties regarding the Equipment and with any and all statutes, laws, ordinances and regulations of any government agency applicable to the Equipment Lessee will ensure, by contract or otherwise, that any Equipment affixed to real property does not become the property of the real property owner or any party holding a security interest therein, without the prior written consent of Lessor, and any such Equipment that is so affixed will be affixed subject to such reasonable conditions as Lessor may impose for its protection, and Lessee will provide Lessor with such landlord's and mortgagee's waivers as Lessor may request in connection therewith 4 8.2 Alterations and Attachments. Lessee will not, without prior written consent of Lessor, affix or install any accessory, equipment or device on the Equipment leased hereunder which will either impair the originally intended function or use of such Equipment or cannot be readily removed without causing material damage to such Equipment. All such accessories, equipment and devices furnished, attached or affixed to the Equipment shall thereupon become the property of Lessor (except such as may be readily removed without causing material damage to the Equipment) 8.3 Inspection by Lessor. Upon the request of Lessor, Lessee shall, at reasonable times during business hours and subject to Lessee's and the applicable property owner's or manager's normal security, safety and confidentiality regulations, make the Equipment available to Lessor for inspection at the place where it is normally located and shall make Lessee's log and maintenance records pertaining to the Equipment available to Lessor for inspection. 9. Representations and Warranties. 9.1 Representations and Warranties of Lessee. Lessee represents, warrants and covenants that, with respect to this Master Lease and each Equipment Schedule executed hereunder, (a) the execution, delivery and performance thereof by Lessee have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and do not conflict with Lessee's charter or by-laws or with any indenture, contract or agreement by which it is bound, or with any statute, judgment, decree, rule or regulation binding upon it; (b) any individual executing this Master Lease or any documents delivered in connection herewith on behalf of Lessee is duly authorized to do so; (c) the Master Lease and each Equipment Schedule constitute legal, valid and binding agreements of Lessee enforceable in accordance with their respective terms; and (d) the Equipment is personal property and when subject to use by Lessee will not, in accordance with Lessee's service contract with the relevant property owner or manager, be deemed to become fixtures under applicable law. 9.2 Representations and Warranties of Lessor. Lessor represents, warrants and covenants that, with respect to the Master Lease and each Equipment Schedule executed hereunder, (a) the execution, delivery and performance thereof by Lessor have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action; (b) any individual executing this Master Lease or any documents delivered in connection herewith on behalf of Lessor is duly authorized to do so; and (c) the Master Lease and each Equipment Schedule constitute legal, valid and binding agreements of Lessor enforceable in accordance with their respective terms. 10. Delivery of Equipment. Lessee hereby assumes the full expense of transportation to the premises designated by Lessee (including in-transit insurance) and installation thereat of the Equipment. 11. Labeling. Lessee covenants and agrees that, upon request of Lessor, it shall cause the Equipment to be plainly, permanently and conspicuously marked, by stenciling or by metal tag or plate affixed thereto as supplied by Lessor, indicating Lessor's interest in the Equipment. Lessee shall replace any such stenciling, tag or plate which may be removed or destroyed or become illegible. Lessee shall keep all Equipment free from any marking or labeling which might be interpreted as a claim of ownership thereof by Lessee or any party other than Lessor or anyone so claiming through Lessor. 5 12. Loss Indemnification. Lessee shall and does hereby indemnify and hold Lessor, any Assignee and any Secured Party harmless from and against any and all claims, costs, expenses, damages and liabilities, including reasonable attorneys' fees (a "Claim"), arising out of the ownership, selection, possession, leasing, renting, operation, control, use, maintenance or delivery of the Equipment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Lessee shall not be responsible under the terms of this Section 12 to a party indemnified hereunder for any Claim occasioned by the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such indemnified party. Lessee shall notify Lessor immediately upon its having knowledge thereof of any Claim arising out of the alleged or improper manufacturing, functioning or operation of any Item of Equipment, and as promptly as practicable furnish Lessor with details thereof and copies of documents pertaining thereto. 13. Risk of Loss and Insurance. 13.1 Risk of Loss. Lessee hereby assumes the entire risk of loss, damage, theft or destruction of the Equipment, including during shipment of the Equipment to Lessee, and ending upon Lessee's purchase of the Equipment pursuant to Section 3.2, and no such loss, damage or destruction shall relieve Lessee of any of its obligations under any Equipment Schedule executed hereunder. In the event the Equipment is lost, damaged, destroyed or stolen, or title thereto shall be taken by any governmental authority under power of eminent domain or otherwise (an "Event of Loss"), Lessee shall give Lessor immediate notice thereof if the aggregate cost of the damaged Equipment at one location exceeds $3,000, and in any event, shall (a) have the damage repaired at its expense, without interruption of payment of Rent, or (b) if the Equipment so damaged cannot be repaired, or if the Equipment was lost, destroyed or title thereto taken then, at Lessor's option, either (x) continue the Lease, without interruption, as if not such damage had occurred, and promptly replace the Equipment with like-kind equipment reasonably satisfactory to Lessor ("Replacement Equipment"); provided, however, that (A) Lessee transfers or causes to be transferred to Lessor or its order (by bill of sale or other documents necessary to effect such transfer) such Replacement Equipment, free and clear of all security interests, liens, leases, claims, charges and encumbrances, and (B) such Replacement Equipment has a fair market value at the time of such replacement not less than the fair market value of the Equipment being replaced immediately prior to the damage or destruction requiring its replacement, or (y) on the next Rent Payment Date pay to Lessor the greater of (i) the fair market value of any irreparably damaged Equipment, or (ii) the Stipulated Loss Value (as set forth in the relevant Equipment Schedule) applicable to such Lease and all Rent charges and other charges accrued and unpaid to and including the date of such payment. Lessee shall give Lessor notice, immediately upon its having knowledge thereof, of any damage to, or loss or destruction of, any Equipment having an aggregate cost at one location in excess of $3,000. All proceeds of insurance received by Lessor or Lessee under the policy referred to in Section 13.2 shall be applied toward the cost of repair or replacement of the Equipment or, if applicable, to reimburse Lessee for the amount of any Stipulated Loss Value actually paid by Lessee to Lessor. Upon replacement or payment of the fair market value or Stipulated Loss Value as provided herein above, title to the irreparably damaged Item or Items of Equipment shall transfer to Lessee (or Lessee's designee as may be required under the provisions of an insurance policy or maintenance agreement provided by Lessee with respect to the Equipment or otherwise) on an "as is" basis, without recourse or warranty. 13.2 Insurance. (a) Lessee will, at all times prior to its purchase of the Equipment from 6 Lessor pursuant to Section 3.2, at its own expense, carry and maintain or cause to be carried and maintained (i) property insurance with respect to the Equipment, and (ii) public liability insurance with respect to third party personal and property damage, in each case with no greater deductibles and at least comparable in amounts and against risks customarily insured against by Lessee with respect to equipment it owns or leases similar in nature to the Equipment. Property insurance with respect to the Equipment in any event shall be in an amount at least equal to the greater of (i) the fair market replacement value of the Equipment, or (ii) the Stipulated Loss Value, if any, applicable to the relevant Lease. Public liability insurance with respect to third party personal and property damage in any event shall be for an amount not less than $5,000,000 per occurrence. Any policies of insurance carried in accordance with this Section 13.2 shall (i) require 30 days prior notice to Lessor, any Assignee and any Secured Party of cancellation, invalidation or material change in coverage, (ii) name Lessor, any Assignee and any Secured Party as additional insured, and provide that the policy shall be treated with respect to each of them as if it were a separate policy, (iii) provide that such insurance is primary and without right of contribution from any other insurance which might otherwise be available to the additional insureds, (iv) provide that in the event of any loss payment under a property policy the proceeds thereof shall be payable to Lessee, Lessor, any Assignee and any Secured Party as their interest may appear, (v) expressly provide that any obligations imposed upon the insureds (including, without limitation, the obligation to pay premiums) shall be the obligation solely of Lessee and not the obligation of the additional insureds and that any rights of the insurer for setoff, counterclaim or other deductions, and any rights of subrogation against Lessor, any Assignee and any Secured Party, are waived by such insurer, and (vi) be written by a company of recognized responsibility which is reasonably acceptable to Lessor. (b) On or prior to the Installation Date and thereafter not less than five days prior to any expiration date of a policy required pursuant to this Section 13.2, Lessee shall deliver to Lessor and any additional insureds certificates of insurance issued by the insurers thereunder or by an insurance broker authorized to bind such insurers evidencing the insurance maintained pursuant to this Section 13.2; provided, however, that if the delivery of any certificate is delayed, Lessee shall deliver an executed binder with respect thereto and shall deliver the formal certificate upon receipt thereof. (c) Lessee irrevocably appoints Lessor as Lessee's attorney-in-fact to make claim for, receive payment of, and execute any and all documents that may be required to be provided to the insurance carrier in substantiation of any claim for loss under any insurance policy and to endorse Lessee's name to any and all drafts or checks in payment of the loss proceeds. (d) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 13.2, Lessee may self-insure with respect to damage to the Equipment, or third party personal and property damage, or both, provided that (i) such self-insurance is consistent with the self-insurance practices of Lessee with respect to equipment it owns similar in nature to the Equipment, (ii) a description of such self-insurance practices including any limits or restrictions on coverage is provided in writing to Lessor and any Assignee or Secured Party upon request, and (iii) Lessor shall in its sole discretion agree to accept self-insurance in lieu of the foregoing insurance requirements set forth in this Section 13.2. 14. Default. 14.1 Definition. The occurrence of any one or more of the following events shall 7 constitute an Event of Default under ln Equipment Schedule: (a) Lessee fails to pay any installment of Rent or other charge payable by Lessee under such Equipment Schedule when the same becomes due and payable and such default continues for a period of five business days after written notice thereof to Lessee; or (b) Lessee or Guarantor fails to perform any other term, covenant or condition of such Equipment Schedule or any Guaranty delivered in connection therewith, and such failure continues uncured for a period of 15 days after written notice; or (c) with respect to either Lessee or Guarantor, the making of an assignment by such party for the benefit of its creditors or the admission by such party in writing of its inability to pay its debts as they become due, or the insolvency of such party, or the filing by such party of a voluntary petition in bankruptcy, or the adjudication of such party as a bankrupt, or the filing by such party of any petition or answer seeking for itself any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under any present or future statute, law or regulation, or the filing of any answer by such party admitting, or the failure by such party to deny, the material allegations of a petition filed against it for any such relief, or the seeking or consenting by such party to, or acquiescence by such party in, the appointment of any trustee, receiver or liquidator of such party or of all or any substantial part of the properties of such party, to vacate such appointment; or (d) with respect to either Lessee or Guarantor, the failure by such party, within 45 days after the commencement of any proceeding against such party seeking any reorganization, arrangement, composition, readjustment, liquidation, dissolution or similar relief under any present or future statute, law or regulation, to obtain the dismissal such proceeding or, within 45 days after the appointment, without the consent or acquiescence of such party, of any trustee, receiver or liquidator of such party or of all or any substantial part of the properties of such party, to vacate such appointment; or (e) any representation or warranty made by Lessee or Guarantor herein or in any document or certificate delivered by Lessee or Guarantor in connection herewith shall prove to have been incorrect in any material respect when such representation or warranty was made or given; (f) an event of default shall occur and be continuing with respect to any other indebtedness or lease obligation of Lessee or Guarantor having a principal or rental amount outstanding in excess of $500,000; or (g) Lessee shall, or shall attempt to or permit any person to, remove, sell, transfer, encumber, part with possession of, assign, relocate or sublet any Item or Equipment (except as expressly permitted by the provisions of this Master Lease). 14.2 Remedies. (a) upon the occurrence of any Event of Default, Lessor may, at its option: (i) proceed by appropriate court action, either at law or in equity, to enforce performance by Lessee of the applicable terms and covenants of the applicable Equipment Schedule or to recover damages for the breach thereof; (ii) by notice to Lessee terminate such Equipment Schedule; (iii) declare immediately due and payable by Lessee, as liquidated damages for loss of a bargain and not as a penalty, an amount equal to the greater of (A) the present value of all sums to be paid by Lessee during the remaining Initial Term or any Renewal Term then in effect, discounted at the Acceleration Rate set forth in the applicable Equipment Schedule, and (B) the Stipulated Loss Value of the Equipment as of the Rent Payment Date immediately preceding the date on which such Event of Default occurs: (iv) take possession of the Equipment subject to such Equipment Schedule during Lessee's normal working hours, without demand or notice, wherever such Equipment may be located. Lessee hereby waives any right it may have for damages occasioned by any repossession. Any taking of possession pursuant to this subsection shall not in itself constitute termination of any Equipment Schedule and shall not, in any event, relieve Lessee of its obligations thereunder; and (v) enforce any of its rights against Guarantor under the Guaranty. 8 (b) Upon taking of possession of any Equipment pursuant to Section 14.2(a)(iv), Lessor may, at its option and without notice to Lessee, lease the repossessed Equipment to any third party on such terms and conditions as Lessor may determine or sell such Equipment at public auction or at private sale. In the event that Lessor leases or sells such repossessed Equipment, the Net Proceeds (as defined below) shall first be credited to amounts due and owing by Lessee, and shall then be used to reimburse Lessee for any liquidated damage payment made by Lessee pursuant to Section 14.2(a)(iii). Any surplus shall be retained by Lessor. Lessee shall remain liable for any deficiency resulting from an excess of amounts due and owing by Lessee over Net Proceeds. As used herein, "Net Proceeds" shall mean the sale price of the Equipment, or the aggregate rent payable pursuant to a re-lease of the Equipment discounted at the Overdue Rate, less all costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements) incurred by Lessor as a result of Lessee's default and Lessor's exercise of its remedies with respect thereto. In calculating Net Proceeds with respect to a re-lease of the Equipment for a term that extends beyond the Initial Term, only that portion of the re-lease term which does not extend beyond the Initial Term shall be used in such calculation. (c) Notwithstanding Lessor's choice of one or more of the remedies provided herein, Lessee shall be liable for (i) all sums due and payable for all periods up to and including the date on which Lessor declared an Event of Default to exist, and (ii) all costs, charges and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements, incurred by Lessor by reason of occurrence of any Event of Default or Lessor's exercise of its remedies hereunder. Any overdue Rent, and any unpaid amounts payable as liquidated damages pursuant to Section 14.2(a)(iii) shall bear interest at the Overdue Rate until paid in full. (d) No remedy, referred to herein is intended to be exclusive, but each shall be cumulative and in addition to any other right or remedy otherwise available to Lessor at law or in equity. 15. Miscellaneous. 15.1 Entire Agreement. Lessor and Lessee acknowledge that there are no agreements or understanding, written or oral, between Lessor and Lessee with respect to the Equipment, other than as set forth herein and in each Equipment Schedule and that this Master Lease and each Equipment Schedule contain the entire agreement between Lessor and Lessee with respect thereto. Neither this Master Lease nor any Equipment Schedule may be altered, modified, terminated or discharged except by a writing signed by the party against whom such alteration, modification, termination or discharge is sought. 15.2 No Waiver; Cure. No omission or delay by Lessor at any time to exercise or enforce any right or remedy reserved to it, or to require performance of any of the terms, covenants or provisions hereof by Lessee at any time designated, shall be a waiver of any such right or remedy to which Lessor is entitled, not shall it in any way affect the right of Lessor to enforce such provisions thereafter. If Lessee fails to perform any of its obligations under this Master Lease, Lessor or its assigns in addition to their other rights and remedies may, at the cost and expense of Lessee, perform such obligations but shall not be obligated to do so. All sums so paid by Lessor or its assigns shall be immediately due and payable by Lessee upon demand and shall bear interest at the Overdue Rate. 9 15.3 Binding Nature. Each Equipment Schedule shall be binding upon, and shall inure to the benefit of, Lessor, Lessee and their respective successors, legal representatives and assigns, except, in the case of any Assignor or Secured Party, to the extent set forth in Section 6.3 hereof. 15.4 Survival of Obligations. All agreements, representations and warranties contained in the Master Lease, any Equipment Schedule or in any document delivered pursuant hereto or in connection herewith shall be for the benefit of Lessor and its successors and assigns and shall survive the execution and delivery of this Master Lease and the expiration or other termination of the Master Lease. 15.5 Notices. Any notice, request or other communication to either party by the other as provided for herein shall be given in writing and shall be deemed received only upon the earlier of receipt or three days after mailing if mailed postage prepaid by registered mail to Lessor or Lessee, as the case may be, at the address for such party set forth in the appropriate Equipment Schedule or at such changed address as may be subsequently submitted by written notice of either party. 15.6 Applicable Law. This Master Lease and each Equipment Schedule shall be deemed to have been made, executed and delivered in the State of New York and shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York applicable to contracts made and to be performed entirely within such State. 15.7 Severability. If any one or more of the provisions of the Master Lease or any Equipment Schedule shall for any reason be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the remaining provisions of this Master Lease and any such Equipment Schedule shall not be affected thereby and shall be enforced to the fullest extent permitted by law. 15.8 Counterparts. This Master Lease and any Equipment Schedule may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one and the same instrument. If Lessor grants a security interest in all or any part of an Equipment Schedule, the Equipment covered thereby and/or sums payable thereunder, only that counterpart Equipment Schedule marked "Counterpart Number One of ___ Counterparts" shall be effective to transfer Lessor's rights therein. All counterparts shall bear the legend "No security interest in this Lease may be perfected by the possession of any counterpart other than Counterpart Number One. Only Counterpart Number One shall be deemed to be the original; all other counterparts shall be deemed to be duplicates. 15.9 Delay in Installation. Lessee hereby assumes and shall bear the entire risk of loss arising out of or in connection with delays, partial performance or non-performance by the supplier of the Equipment and Lessor shall not be liable for specific performance of this Lease or for damages if, for any reason, any supplier delays or fails to fill or improperly fills an order. 15.10 Further Assurances. Lessee shall furnish in connection with the execution and delivery of the Master Lease and, upon request by Lessor, in connection with each Equipment Schedule hereunder, an opinion of counsel, a certificate of incumbency and such other documents as Lessor may reasonably request in form reasonably acceptable to Lessor. Lessee hereby authorizes 10 Lessor to insert the serial numbers provided by the Manufacturer of any Equipment in the Equipment Schedule, Certificate of Acceptance and UCC-l financing statements, covering such Equipment. 15.11 Guaranty of Parent. As incentive to Lessor and any Assignee or Secured Party to enter into each Equipment Schedule with Lessee, Lessee shall cause its parent company, Guarantor to deliver a Guaranty substantially in the form of Exhibit E hereto. 15.12 Additional Matters. (a) Pursuant to Section l, Lessee and Lessor may, from time to time, mutually agree on additional terms and conditions with respect to an Equipment Schedule which may be set forth therein or attached thereto as "Riders" which shall be applicable to and constitute a part thereof. (b) In the event of any conflict between the terms and conditions of this Master Lease and the terms and conditions of any Equipment Schedule or Rider, the terms and conditions of the Equipment Schedule or Rider shall prevail. (c) Section headings are for convenience only and shall not be construed as part of the Master Lease. (d) Unless otherwise specified, references to Exhibits or Sections herein shall be references to Exhibits or Sections of this Master Lease. In Witness Whereof, the parties hereto have executed the Master Lease as of the day and year first above written. AMERICAN HOTEL EXCHANGE, INC., SOUTHBRIDGE FINANCIAL CORP., LESSEE LESSOR By: /s/ Kenneth G. Baritz By: /s/ Arthur P. Freierman Name: Kenneth G. Baritz Arthur P. Freierman Title: Chairman President 11 EX-10.18 17 LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT Dated December 18, 1996 by and between CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS INC., as Borrower, and SOUTHBRIDGE FINANCIAL CORP., as Lender LOAN AND SECURITY AGREEMENT AGREEMENT, dated as of , 1996, by and between CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS INC., a New York corporation ("Borrower"), having its principal place of business at 7 Mayflower Place, Floral Park, New York 11001; and SOUTHBRIDGE FINANCIAL CORP., a Delaware corporation ("Lender"), having its principal place of business at 400 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10017. W I T N E S S E T H : WHEREAS, Borrower has requested Lender to make a loan to Borrower and Lender is willing to make such loan to Borrower upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual covenants herein contained and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto covenant and agree as follows: ARTICLE 1. DEFINITIONS; CONSTRUCTION 1.1 Certain Definitions. In addition to other words and terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, as used herein the following words and terms have the following meanings, respectively, unless the context hereof otherwise clearly requires: "Agreement" means this Loan and Security Agreement as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time. "Assignment Agreement" means the Assignment Agreement, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, executed by Borrower, pursuant to which Borrower assigns to Lender and grants to Lender a Lien covering all of the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements. "Billing and Related Services Agreement" means (i) the Billing and Related Services Agreement between OAN Services, Inc. (the "B&C Agent") and American Network Exchange, Inc. dated February 1, 1995 with respect to which the B&C Agent will arrange for accounts receivable financing and will provide certain billing, collection and associated services or (ii) any similar agreement now or hereafter in effect in place of such agreement with respect to the Collateral. "Business Day" means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which banking institutions are authorized or obligated to close in New York, New Jersey, Florida or Arizona. "Closing Date" means the date of this Agreement. "Collateral" means all assets of Borrower in which Borrower has granted or will grant a Lien to Lender, pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise, including those assets described and defined as Collateral in Section 6.1. "Collection Agreement" means (i) Collection Agreement among Borrower, Reliance Trust Company ("Agent"), and American Network Exchange, Inc. and Lender dated December 18, 1996 pursuant to which, among other things, Agent agrees to remit directly to Lender, via wire transfer of funds, the monthly payments and all other amounts due under the Loan Documents; and (ii) any similar agreement with respect to the Loan now or hereafter entered into among Borrower, Lender, American Network Exchange Inc. and any other agent, in all cases, as the same have heretofore or may from time to time hereafter be amended, modified or supplemented. "Constituent Documents" means the certificate of incorporation, by-laws, or other similar document pursuant to which Borrower and/or the Guarantor were organized or their affairs are governed. "Default" means an event which with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default. "Equipment" means the Pay Telephones and any equipment physically connected to or installed in or with the Pay Telephones, and any and all accessions and additions thereto, substitutions therefor, and all replacements thereof. "ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended. "Event of Default" means any of the Events of Default described in Section 7.1 hereof. "Executive Officer" means the President, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Chief Financial Officer of Borrower elected from time to time. "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (as such principles may change from time to time) applied on a consistent basis (except for changes in application in which Borrower's and/or Guarantor's independent certified public accountants concur), applied both to classification of items and amounts. "Guarantor" means AMNEX, Inc., a New York corporation. "Guaranty" means the unconditional Guaranty of the Obligations of Borrower to Lender, executed by the Guarantor, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender. "Interest Rate" means the Index Rate plus five and eighty hundredths percent (5.80%). The "Index Rate" shall be the highest yield, as published in The Wall Street Journal, on the first (lst) Business Day preceding the Closing Date, for Treasury Notes having a maturity date on or closest to the Maturity Date. Interest shall be calculated on the basis of a year of 360 days and twelve months of thirty (30) days each and charged on a daily basis. "'Law" means any law (including common law), constitution, statute, treaty, regulation, rule, ordinance, order, injunction, writ, decree or award of any government or governmental agency. "Legal Requirements" means any and all present and future judicial, and administrative rulings or decisions, and any and all present and future federal, state, and local laws, ordinances, rules, regulations, permits and certificates, in each case, in any way applicable to Borrower (or the ownership or use of the Collateral or its other assets) and/or the Guarantor, or this transaction. "Lien" means any mortgage, pledge, lien, security interest (including without limitation any conditional sale or other title retention agreement), grant of a leasehold, charge or other encumbrance of any nature whatsoever, and also means the filing of or the agreement to give any financing statement or analogous document under the UCC or analogous law of any jurisdiction. "Loan" has the meaning given to such term in Section 2.1 hereof. "Loan Documents" means this Agreement, the Note, the Guaranty, the Assignment Agreement, the Insurance Letter, the Collection Agreement, and any other agreements, instruments and documents required to be, or which are, executed by Borrower or the Guarantor in connection with this Agreement or the Loan (as the same may from time to time be amended, modified or supplemented). "Maturity Date" has the meaning given to that term in Section 2.7.2 hereof. "Note" means the promissory note of Borrower executed and delivered by Borrower under this Agreement, in substantially the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A with the blanks appropriately filled in. "Obligations" means all of the indebtedness, liabilities and obligations of every kind and nature of Borrower to Lender, whether now existing or hereafter arising, whether or not currently contemplated, howsoever arising, including, without limitation, all indebtedness, liabilities and obligations arising under, in connection with or evidenced by this Agreement, the Note, the other Loan Documents, or otherwise. "Office", when used in connection with Lender, means its office located at 400 Madison Avenue, New York 10017, or such other office of Lender as may be designated in writing from time to time by Lender to Borrower. "Pay Telephones" means the pay telephones listed on Schedule A annexed hereto and any and all accessions and additions thereto, substitutions for, and all replacements thereof. "Pay Telephone Placement Agreement(s)" means each of the written or oral agreements now or hereafter entered into (as the same have heretofore or may from time to time hereafter be amended, modified or supplemented) between Borrower and the owner, operator, lessee or proprietor of the Premises upon which one or more Pay Telephones is now or hereafter located. "Person" means an individual, corporation, national banking association, partnership, trust, unincorporated association, joint venture, joint-stock company, government (including political subdivisions), governmental authority or agency, or any other entity. "Plan" means any employee benefit plan which is covered by ERISA and which is maintained by Borrower or, in the case of a plan to which more than one employer contributes, to which Borrower is making or accruing an obligation to make contributions or has within the preceding five plan years made contributions. "Premises" means the locations at which Pay Telephones are now or hereafter located. "Term" means the period beginning on the Disbursement Date and ending on the Maturity Date. "UCC" means the Uniform Commercial Code as adopted in the State of New York. 1.2 General Interpretive Principals. For purposes of this Agreement, except as otherwise expressly provided herein or unless the context otherwise requires: (i) any pronoun used shall be deemed to cover both gender forms as well as the neuter form; (ii) all references to the plural shall include the singular, the singular the plural and the part the whole; (iii) the word "or" has the inclusive meaning frequently identified by the phrase "and/or"; (iv) accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP; (v) the words "herein", "hereunder" and "hereof" and similar terms in this Agreement refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement; (vi) references herein to "Articles", "Sections", "Subsections", "Paragraphs", and other subdivisions without reference to a document are to designated Articles, Sections, Subsections, Paragraphs and other subdivisions of this Agreement; (vii) a reference to a Subsection without further reference to a Section is a reference to such Subsection as contained in the same Section in which the reference appears, and this rule shall also apply to Paragraphs and other subdivisions; (viii) the term "include" or "including" shall mean, without limitation, by reason of enumeration; and (ix) unless otherwise provided herein, the term "satisfactory to Lender" or "satisfaction of the Lender" or "satisfaction to counsel" or other similar terms means satisfactory to Lender or its counsel in its sole and absolute discretion. ARTICLE 2. THE CREDIT 2.1 The Loan. Subject to the terms and conditions and relying upon the representations and warranties herein set forth, Lender agrees to make a Loan to Borrower in the principal amount of Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) (the "Loan") 2.2 Use of Proceeds. The proceeds of the Loan shall be used by Borrower to reimburse Borrower for its payment of a portion of the purchase Price for the acquisition of the Equipment and for working capital and other valid business purposes of Borrower. 2.3 The Note. The obligation of Borrower to repay the Loan and to pay interest thereon shall be evidenced by the Note. The Note shall be dated the Closing Date and shall be executed by Borrower and delivered to Lender on the Closing Date. 2.4 Disbursement. Subject to the conditions set forth herein, Lender shall, on the Closing Date, credit, by wire transfer, the amount of the Loan to the account of Borrower or the Person or Persons specified in writing by Borrower. 2.5 Loan Account. Lender shall maintain a loan account on its books in the name of Borrower for the Loan in which will be recorded all payments of principal thereof and all accruals and payments of interest thereon. The entries in the loan account (in the absence of manifest error in the making thereof) shall be conclusive evidence of the outstanding principal thereof and accrued interest thereon from time to time. Lender shall provide Borrower with statements of said account from time to time on Borrower's request. 2.6 Interest Rates. 2.6.1 Interest Prior to Maturity. Prior to maturity (whether by acceleration or otherwise) the unpaid principal amount of the Loan shall bear interest at the Interest Rate. 2.6.2 Interest After Maturity. Commencing with the day after the principal amount of any part of the Loan shall have become due and payable (by acceleration or otherwise), such part of the Loan or the entire Loan (as the case may be) shall bear interest at the daily rate of three percent (3%) per annum above the Interest Rate (the "Default Rate"). 2.6.3 Maximum Rate. Lender and Borrower intend the Loan Documents to comply in all respects with all provisions of Law and not to violate, in any way, any legal limitations on interest charges. Accordingly, if, for any reason, Borrower is required to pay, or has paid, interest at a rate in excess of the highest rate of interest which may be charged by Lender or which Borrower may legally contract to pay under applicable law (the "Maximum Rate"), then the Interest Rate shall be deemed to be reduced, automatically and immediately, to the Maximum Rate, and interest payable hereunder shall be computed and paid at the Maximum Rate and the portion of all prior payments of interest in excess of the Maximum Rate shall be deemed to have been prepayments of the outstanding principal of the Loan and applied to the installments in the inverse order of their maturities. 2.7 Payments. 2.7.1 Time; Place; Manner. All payments to be made in respect of principal, interest, or other amounts due from Borrower hereunder or under the Note shall become due at 5:00 P.M., New York time, on the day when due without presentment, demand, protest or notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived. Such payments shall be made to Lender in lawful money of the United States of America in immediately available funds. 2.7.2 Payments of Principal and Interest. The Loan, together with interest thereon at the Interest Rate, shall be repaid in sixty (60) equal consecutive monthly payments of principal and interest each in an amount which will fully amortize the Loan at the Interest Rate over the Term (the date upon which the sixtieth (60th) consecutive monthly payment of principal and interest is scheduled to be due is hereinafter referred to as the "Maturity Date"). The first such monthly payment of principal and interest shall be due and payable on the first day of the second month succeeding the Closing Date and the payments shall continue on a like day in each and every month thereafter through and including the Maturity Date; provided that (i) if the Closing Date is the first day of a month, the first such monthly payment of principal and interest shall be due on the first day of the immediately succeeding month, and (ii) if the Closing Date is not the first day of the month, Borrower shall pay, on the first day of the month immediately succeeding the Closing Date, interest only, at the Interest Rate, from the Closing Date to the last day of the month in which the Closing Date occurs. Lender shall compute the amount of each payment and advise Borrower of such amount. Each monthly payment shall be applied, first to fees, costs and charges, if any, owing to Lender, then to interest as may be due hereunder, and the balance of such payment shall be applied to the principal balance of the Loan. The entire unpaid principal balance which was not payable earlier, whether due to regularly scheduled payments, acceleration or otherwise, together with any unpaid interest, fees, costs and charges shall be due and payable on the Maturity Date. After the maturity of all or any part of the Loan (by acceleration or otherwise), interest on the Loan or such part thereof shall be due and payable at the Default Rate on demand. 2.7.3 Net Payments. All payments hereunder and under the Note shall be made by Borrower to Lender without defense, set-off, claim or counterclaim and without deduction for any present or future income, stamp or other taxes, levies, imposts, deductions, charges or withholdings whatsoever imposed, assessed, levied or collected by or for the benefit of any jurisdiction or taxing authority. In addition, Borrower shall pay any and all taxes (stamp or otherwise) if any, payable or determined to be payable in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents and on all payments to be made by Borrower hereunder and under the Note and the other Loan Documents (other than Lender's income taxes) and all taxes payable in connection with or related to the Collateral. 2.8 Prepayments Subject to Section 5.2.1 hereof, Borrower shall not prepay the Loan in whole or in part. ARTICLE 3. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES Borrower represents and warrants to Lender that: 3.1 Organization and Qualification. Borrower is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing as a corporation under the Laws of the State of New York with full power and authority to own its properties and to transact its business as now transacted and as contemplated to be transacted. Borrower is qualified and in good standing to transact business in each jurisdiction where the ownership of its properties or the transaction of its business requires such qualification. The Guarantor is duly organized, validly existing and in good standing as a corporation under the Laws of the State of its incorporation with full power and authority to own its properties and to transact its business as now transacted and as contemplated to be transacted. The Guarantor is qualified and in good standing to transact business in each jurisdiction where the ownership of its properties or the transaction of its business requires such qualification. 3.2 Authority and Authorization. Borrower has full power and authority to execute, deliver and carry out the provisions of this Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents to which it is a party, to borrow hereunder and under the other Loan Documents and to create the Liens provided for herein, and to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder, and all such action has been duly and validly authorized by all necessary proceedings on its part. The Guarantor has full power and authority to execute, deliver and carry out the provisions of the Guaranty and the other Loan Documents to which it is a party and to perform its obligations thereunder, and all such action has been duly and validly authorized by all necessary proceedings on its part. 3.3 Execution and-Binding Effect. This Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents have been duly and validly executed and delivered by Borrower and constitute the legal, valid and binding obligation of Borrower enforceable in accordance with their respective terms. The Guaranty and the other Loan Documents executed by the Guarantor have been duly and validly executed and delivered by the Guarantor and each constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Guarantor executing the same, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms. 3.4 Authorizations and Filings. Except for the filing of UCC financing statements, no authorization, consent, approval, license, exemption or other action by, and no registration, qualification, designation, declaration or filing with, any governmental authority is or will be necessary or advisable in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Note, the Guaranty, the other Loan Documents or the consummation by Borrower and the Guarantor of the transactions herein and therein contemplated, or performance by Borrower and the Guarantor of or compliance by Borrower and the Guarantor with, the terms and conditions hereof or thereof. 3.5 Absence of Conflicts. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Note, the Guaranty or the other Loan Documents, nor consummation of the transactions herein or therein contemplated nor performance of, or compliance with the terms and conditions hereof or thereof will (a) result in any violation or breach of (i) the provisions of Borrower's or the Guarantor's Constituent Documents, or (ii) any Law, or the order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over Borrower or the Guarantor, or any of their respective properties, or (iii) any agreement, bond, note, instrument or indenture to which Borrower or the Guarantor is a party or pursuant to which any of their respective properties are affected, or (b) result in the creation or imposition of any Lien upon any property (now owned or hereafter acquired) of Borrower or the Guarantor, except for the Lien created by this Agreement. 3.6 Financial Statements. Borrower and the Guarantor have heretofore furnished to Lender certain financial statements and related financial information ("Financial Statements"). Such Financial Statements (including the notes thereto) present fairly the financial condition of Borrower or the Guarantor (as the case may be) as of the dates of the balance sheets contained therein, and the results of their respective operations for the periods then ended, all in conformity with GAAP on a basis consistent with that of Financial Statements for corresponding prior periods. Except as disclosed therein, neither Borrower nor the Guarantor has any material contingent liabilities (including liabilities for taxes), unusual forward or long-term commitments or unrealized or anticipated losses from unfavorable commitments. 3.7 No Defaults. There is no Default under the Loan Documents. 3.8 Litigation. There is no pending or, to the best of Borrower's or Guarantor's knowledge, threatened claim or proceeding by or before any court or governmental agency against or affecting Borrower or the Guarantor which, if adversely decided would have a material adverse effect on the business, operations or financial condition of Borrower or the Guarantor or on the ability of Borrower or the Guarantor to perform their respective obligations under this Agreement, the Note, the Guaranty or the other Loan Documents or on the Collateral. 3.9 Title to Collateral. Borrower has good title to the Collateral, free and clear of all liens covering the Collateral, other than the Liens granted hereunder to Lender covering the Collateral, which are and will at all times be first perfected Liens covering the Collateral. Borrower has good title to, or valid leasehold or license interests in, all assets reasonably required for the conduct of its business. 3.10 Taxes. All tax returns required to be filed by Borrower have been properly prepared, executed and filed. All taxes, assessments, fees and other governmental charges upon Borrower or upon any of its properties, incomes, sales or franchises which are due and payable have been paid except for those which, in the aggregate do not have a material adverse effect on the business, operations or financial condition of Borrower or Guarantor taken as a whole, or on the Collateral. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all personal property taxes on the Collateral, if any, have been paid. 3.11 Financial Accounting Practices. Borrower makes and keeps books, records and accounts which, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect Borrower's transactions and dispositions of its assets. 3.12 Power To Carry On Business. Borrower and the Guarantor have all requisite power and authority to own and operate their respective properties and to carry on their businesses as now conducted and as presently planned to be conducted. 3.13 No Material Adverse Change. Since the date of the Financial Statements referred to in Section 3.6, there has been no material adverse change in the business, operations or financial condition of Borrower or the Guarantor. 3.14 Compliance with Laws. Neither Borrower nor the Guarantor is in violation of any Law, except for violations which in the aggregate do not have a material adverse effect on the business, operations or financial condition of Borrower or the Guarantor taken as a whole or on the Collateral. 3.15 Compliance with Agreements. Neither Borrower nor the Guarantor is in default under any agreement, bond, note, indenture or contract, except for defaults which in the aggregate do not have a material adverse effect on the business, operation or financial condition of Borrower or the Guarantor taken as a whole or on the Collateral. 3.16 Accurate and Complete Disclosure. No representation or warranty made by Borrower in this Agreement and no statement made by Borrower or the Guarantor in the Financial Statements furnished pursuant to Section 3.6 hereof or otherwise, or any certificate, report, exhibit or document furnished by Borrower or the Guarantor to Lender pursuant to or in connection with this Agreement or the Loan is false or misleading in any material respect (including by omission of material information necessary to make such representation, warranty or statement not misleading). 3.17 Regulations G and U. Borrower is not engaged in the business of extending credit for the purpose of purchasing or carrying "margin stock", as such term is used in Regulations G or U promulgated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as amended from time to time No part of the proceeds of the Loan will be used to purchase or carry any margin stock or to extend credit to others for the purpose of purchasing or carrying any "margin stock". Borrower does not own any "margin stock". 3.18 Perfection. Except for the filings under Article 9 of the UCC specified in Section 4.7 hereof (and continuation statements at periodic intervals), no further filing or recording is necessary under the UCC or under any other Laws of any jurisdiction, in order to perfect in all applicable jurisdictions the Liens of Lender in the Collateral. Upon such filings, Lender will be granted a first perfected Lien covering the Collateral. There are no other Liens covering the Collateral. 3.19 Place of Business. Both the place of business (or chief executive office if there is more than one place of business) of Borrower and the place where it keeps its corporate records concerning the Collateral and all of its interest in, to and under this Agreement are located at (i) the address set forth at the beginning of this Agreement, (ii) c/o Guarantor at 101 Park Avenue, Suite 2507, New York, New York 10178; and (iii) 1675 Highway 34, Farmingdale, New Jersey 07727. 3.20 Location of Collateral. For all purposes, including, without limitation, perfection of security interests therein under Article 9 of the UCC, the Collateral is deemed located and at all times shall be located at the Premises. 3.21 Pay Telephone Placement Agreements. (a) Borrower has delivered to Lender true, correct and complete copies of all written Pay Telephone Placement Agreements. None of the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements have been modified, amended or supplemented since the date of delivery to Lender, and each is in full force and effect. No more than [10%] of the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements are oral and the oral agreements are on terms substantially similar to those contained in the written agreements. Borrower, and to the best of Borrower's knowledge, the other party to each Pay Telephone Placement Agreement is in full compliance with the material terms of each of the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements. (b) Not less than 95% of the Pay Telephones are ln good operating order. All Pay Telephones are installed at Premises the owners, operators, lessees or proprietors of which have entered into Pay Telephone Placement Agreements (i) with Coastal Telecom Payphone Company, Inc., BEK Tel, Inc., or Garden State Telephone Installation & Service Co., Inc., which have duly assigned all of their right, title and interest therein to Borrower or (ii) directly with Borrower. (c) All of the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements are freely assignable and Liens may be granted with respect thereto, without the consent of the owner, operator, lessee or proprietor of the Premises which is a party to such Pay Telephone Placement Agreement. (d) Not less than ninety percent (90%) of the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements have a remaining term of at least one (1) year and approximately 1800 of the Pay Telephones have been upgraded to include either (i) Elcotel Number 5 Board Technology or (ii) Protel, Intellical, or Ernest Board Technology of substantially equivalent quality to Number 5 Board Technology and the balance of the Pay Telephones will be upgraded to include such Technology within six (6) months after the date hereof. 3.22 Billing and Related Services Agreement. Borrower has delivered to Lender a true, correct and complete copy of the Billing and Related Services Agreement. The Billing and Related Services Agreement has not been amended, modified or supplemented since the date of delivery thereof to Lender, and is in full force and effect. Borrower, and to the best of Borrower's knowledge, all other parties to the Billing and related Services Agreement are in full compliance with the material terms thereof and there are no material defaults thereunder. ARTICLE 4. CONDITIONS OF LENDING The obligation of Lender to make the Loan hereunder is subject to the accuracy in all material respects, as of the date hereof, of the representations and warranties herein contained, to the performance by Borrower of its obligations to be performed hereunder on or before the Closing Date and to the satisfaction of the following further conditions. If all conditions contained herein are not satisfied by December 31, 1996, Lender shall have no obligation whatsoever to make the Loan and shall have no liability for its refusal to do so. 4.1 Corporate Action. On the Closing Date, Borrower shall deliver to Lender a certificate in form and substance satisfactory to Lender, dated the Closing Date, signed by a duly authorized officer of Borrower, certifying as to (a) true copies of the Constituent Documents of Borrower and the Guarantor, all as in effect on such date, (b) true copies of all action taken by Borrower and the Guarantor relative to this Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents, and (c) the names, true signatures and incumbency of the officer or officers of Borrower and the Guarantor authorized to execute and deliver this Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents on behalf of Borrower and the Guarantor (and Lender may conclusively rely on such certificate unless and until a later certificate revising the prior certificate has been furnished to Lender). Borrower shall also deliver to Lender good standing certificates for Borrower and the Guarantor issued by the Secretary of State of its State of incorporation and each state in which it is required by Law to be qualified. 4.2 Opinion of Counsel. On the Closing Date, Lender shall have received a favorable written opinion of counsel for Borrower and the Guarantor, dated the Closing Date and in form and substance satisfactory to Lender and its counsel, Winick & Rich, P.C. 4.3 No Change of Law or Facts. No change shall have occurred in applicable Law or regulations thereunder or interpretations thereof by appropriate regulatory authorities which, in the opinion of Lender or its counsel, would make it illegal for Lender to acquire the Note, make the Loan, or otherwise to participate in the Loan, nor shall any facts come to the attention of Lender, concerning Borrower, its business or financial condition which, in the opinion of Lender would increase the risk to Lender of repayment of the Loan by Borrower. 4.4 Documents. The following documents shall have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the respective party or parties thereto, shall be in form and substance satisfactory to Lender and its counsel and shall be in full force and effect on the Closing Date, and an executed counterpart of each thereof shall have been delivered to Lender and its counsel: 4.4.1 this Agreement; 4.4.2 the Note; 4.4.3 the Guaranty; 4.4.4 the Assignment Agreement; 4.4.5 the Collection Agreement; 4.4.6 insurance certificates or policies of insurance evidencing the coverages required by Section 5.3 hereof; 4.4.7 other Loan Documents, if any. 4.5 Collateral. Borrower shall provide to Lender a complete description of the Collateral, together with evidence, in form and substance satisfactory to Lender in its sole discretion, that Borrower owns legal title to the Collateral, free and clear of all Liens. 4.6 Financing Statements. On the Closing Date, UCC financing statements covering the security interest created by this Agreement in the Collateral shall have been duly executed in form suitable for filing in the office of the Secretary of State of the State where the Collateral is located (i.e. New York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania) and in all other places as, in the opinion of Lender, or its counsel, are necessary or desirable to perfect such Liens. 4.7 Licenses and Permits. All appropriate action shall have been taken prior to the Closing Date in order to permit consummation of the transactions contemplated herein and hereby and enforcement of all of the terms hereof, and all licenses, permits, waivers, exemptions, authorizations and approvals required (or, in the reasonable opinion of Lender or its counsel, advisable) to be in effect on the Closing Date shall have been issued and shall be in full force and effect on such date, and copies thereof shall have been delivered to Lender. 4.8 Agreements. Borrower shall have delivered to Lender true and correct copies of the written Pay Telephone Placement Agreements and the Billing and Related Services Agreement. 4.9 Other Matters. 4.9.1 Lender shall have received all other agreements, instruments, financing statements, certificates, waivers, searches, releases, terminations, reports, confirmations, corporate or other action, opinion letters, copies of acquisition documents, evidence of payment of obligations, evidence of ownership of the Collateral and such other documents as Lender or its counsel shall have reasonably requested (each in form and substance satisfactory to Lender and its counsel), including, without limitation, certificates of incorporation and by-laws, UCC-l financing statements, lien waivers, credit references, consents, approvals, authorization to date documents, casualty and liability insurance policies and endorsements related to such insurance, and certificates, appraisals and financial statements and other financial information. 4.9.2 There shall be no Default hereunder or under the other Loan Documents. 4.9.3 All legal matters incident to the Loan shall be satisfactory to Lender and its counsel. ARTICLE 5. COVENANTS Borrower covenants that from and after the date hereof and until payment in full of the Note and interest thereon and all other amounts due from Borrower hereunder or under the Note or the other Loan Documents, unless Lender shall otherwise consent in writing: 5.1 Reporting and Information Requirements. 5.1.1 Financial Statements. Borrower shall cause Guarantor to deliver its Form 10-K and Forms 10-Q (or the equivalent) to Lender and any assignee throughout the term of the Agreement, in no event later than one hundred twenty (120) days after the end of its fiscal year, in the case of such Form 10-K or ninety (90) days after the end of its fiscal quarter, in the case of each Form 10-Q, and in each case, together with a Certificate of the Chief Financial Officer or other appropriate officer of Guarantor demonstrating and certifying compliance with the covenant set forth in paragraph 8(c) of the Guaranty. Borrower shall at the same time deliver a consolidating statement of income, retained earnings and changes in financial position of Borrower for such fiscal period certified by the Chief Executive Officer of Borrower or an independent certified public accountant. 5.1.2 Quarterly Pay Telephone Reports. Within fortyfive (45) days after the end of each fiscal quarter commencing March 31, 1997, Borrower shall furnish to Lender a written report certified by an Executive Officer, which shall include, as of the last day of such fiscal quarter, the following on a per Telephone basis, in form reasonably satisfactory to Lender: (a) reports with respect to revenue generated by the Pay Telephones due to coin calls; (b) reports with respect to non-coin calls generated by the Pay Telephones; (c) reports with respect to expenses incurred in connection with the Pay Telephones due to (i) commissions payable to site owners, and (ii) line charges; and (d) a listing of the locations of the Pay Telephones, indicating which have been relocated, if any; and (e) such other information with respect to the Pay Telephones and Pay Telephone Placement Agreements as Lender shall reasonably request. 5.1.3 Further Requests. Borrower will furnish to Lender as soon as reasonably practicable such other information (financial or otherwise) concerning Borrower, its assets or the Collateral in such form as Lender may reasonably request. 5.1.4 Compliance Certificates. At the same time Borrower delivers the financial statements required under the provisions of Section 5.1.1, Borrower shall furnish to Lender a certificate of an Executive Officer to the effect-that to the best of such officer's knowledge, no Default or Event of Default exists, or, if such cannot be so certified, specifying in reasonable detail the exceptions, if any, to such statement. 5.1.5 Monthly Certificate. Monthly, not later than the twentieth (20th) day of each month, Borrower shall furnish, or cause to be furnished, to Lender a certificate of an Executive Officer, in form reasonably satisfactory to Lender, certifying and setting forth, as of the last day of the immediately preceding month, the following: (a) the reports specified in Sections 5.1.2(a), (b) and (c), providing the information included in such reports for up to twelve months prior to such immediately preceding month, commencing with information for the month of January 1997 and later; (b) a certification that (i) no less than ninety percent (90%) of the Pay Telephones are subject to Pay Telephone Placement Agreements, at least 90% of the agreements are written agreements and, to the best of Borrower's knowledge, each such agreement is enforceable in accordance with its terms and no party thereto is in material default of the term; thereof, or, if the same cannot be so certified, the reasons for the same and (ii) ninety percent (90%) of all Pay Telephones are in working order. 5.1.6 Notice of Material Proceedings. Promptly upon becoming aware thereof Borrower shall give Lender written notice of the commencement, existence or threat of any proceeding by or before any court or administrative agency against or affecting Borrower, the Guarantor or the Collateral which, if adversely decided, would have a material adverse effect on the business, operations or financial condition of Borrower or the Guarantor or on the ability of Borrower or the Guarantor to perform its obligations under this Agreement, the Note, or the other Loan Documents or on the Collateral. 5.1.7 Visitation. Borrower shall permit such persons as Lender may designate to visit and inspect the Collateral and to examine the books and records of Borrower and take copies and extracts therefrom, and to discuss its affairs with officers of Borrower and its independent accountants, at such reasonable times as Lender may reasonably request, upon reasonable prior notice, provided that such visitation, inspection, examination and discussions do not unreasonably interfere with Borrower's normal business operations. 5.1.8 Other Deliveries. Promptly upon their becoming available, Borrower shall furnish to Lender, copies of all registration statements of Guarantor and any amendments and supplements thereto and any regular and periodic reports filed by Borrower or the Guarantor with any securities exchange or with the Securities and Exchange Commission or any governmental authority succeeding to any or all of the functions of said commissions. 5.2 Preservation of Existence and Franchises. 5.2.1 Neither Borrower nor the Guarantor shall enter into any merger, reorganization or consolidation in which Borrower or Guarantor is not the surviving corporation. or wind up, liquidate or dissolve, nor agree to do any of the foregoing. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Lender agrees not to unreasonably withhold or delay its consent to a request by Borrower or Guarantor to enter into a merger, reorganization or consolidation in which Borrower or Guarantor is not the surviving corporation. In the event Lender does not grant its consent to a proposed merger, reorganization or consolidation in which Borrower or Guarantor is not the surviving corporation, Borrower shall have the right, upon not less than thirty (30) days prior written notice to Lender, on any regularly scheduled payment date occurring after the second anniversary of the Disbursement Date, to prepay the outstanding principal balance of the Loan in whole, but not in part, provided that Borrower shall pay to Lender, together with the principal balance of the Loan, (i) all accrued and unpaid interest on the amount prepaid through the date of prepayment, (ii) all outstanding fees, charges and other amounts then due under the Loan Documents, and (iii) a prepayment fee in an amount equal to the product of (A) the outstanding principal balance of the Loan at the time of prepayment, times (B) the applicable percentage set forth opposite the year of the Term in which the prepayment is made, as set forth below: Year of Term of Loan in Which Prepayment is Made Percentage 3 1.6 4 1.14% 5 0.7% Once given, the notice of prepayment shall be irrevocable. Borrower shall have no right to prepay the Loan prior to the second anniversary of the Disbursement Date. 5.2.2 Borrower will qualify to do business and will remain in good standing under the laws of each jurisdiction in which it is required to be qualified by reason of the location of the properties owned or leased by it or the conduct of its business. 5.2.3 Borrower will comply with all Laws relative to the conduct of its business or the location of the properties owned or leased by it, the non-compliance with which would have a material adverse effect on the business, operations, assets or financial condition of Borrower taken as a whole, as contemplated hereby, or the ability of Borrower to perform its obligations under this Agreement, the Note, or the other Loan Documents and will obtain or cause to be obtained as promptly as possible any permit, license, consent, privilege or approval of any governmental authority and make any filing or registration therewith which at the time shall be required with respect to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents or for the operation of its business as presently conducted or as contemplated by it, the failure of which to obtain or file or register would have a material adverse effect on the business, operation, assets or financial condition of the Borrower taken as a whole or in its ability to perform its obligations to Lender. 5.2.4 Other than in connection with Borrower's compliance with the provisions of Section 5.7 hereof, Borrower shall not convey, assign, sell, mortgage, encumber, pledge, hypothecate, grant a security interest in, grant options with respect to, lease or otherwise dispose of all or any part of any legal or beneficial interest in any part or all of the Collateral or any interest therein. 5.3 Insurance. Borrower shall, at its own expense, maintain and deliver evidence to Lender of such insurance required by Lender, written by insurers and in amounts satisfactory to Lender. 5.4 Payment of Taxes and Other Potential Charges. Borrower shall pay or discharge 5.4.1 all taxes, assessments and other governmental charges or levies imposed upon it or any of its properties, including the Collateral, or income (including such as may arise under ERISA or any similar provision of law), on or prior to the date on which penalties attach thereto; and 5.4.2 all lawful claims of materialmen, mechanics, carriers, warehousemen, landlords and other like Persons which, if unpaid, might result in the creation of a Lien upon any such property, on or prior to the date when due; provided, that unless and until foreclosure, distraint, levy, sale or similar proceedings shall have been commenced, Borrower need not pay or discharge any such tax, assessment, charge, levy, claim or current liability so long as (i) the validity thereof is contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings diligently pursued, (ii) in Lender's sole judgment there is no reasonably foreseeable risk of forfeiture of the Collateral, and (iii) such reserves or other appropriate provisions as may be required by GAAP shall have been made therefor, and so long as such failure to pay or discharge does not have a material adverse effect on the business, operations or financial condition of Borrower taken as a whole or the Collateral. 5.5 Financial Accounting Practices. Borrower shall make and keep books, records and accounts which, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect its business, including all transactions and dispositions of its assets. 5.6 Compliance with Laws. Borrower shall be in material compliance with all applicable Laws provided, that Borrower shall not be deemed to be in violation of this Section 5.6 as a result of any failures to comply which would not result in fines, penalties, injunctive relief or other civil or criminal liabilities which, in the aggregate, would not materially affect the business or operations of Borrower or the ability of Borrower to perform its obligations under this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents or the Collateral. 5.7 Maintenance of Collateral. Borrower will maintain and preserve the Collateral in good condition subject to ordinary wear and tear, and in good repair and working order, promptly repairing, replacing or rebuilding any part of the Collateral which may be destroyed by any casualty, or become damaged, worn or dilapidated; provided that no more than five (5%) percent of the Pay Telephones may be inoperable at any one time and Borrower shall, within forty-eight (48) hours, replace any Pay Telephone which becomes permanently disabled or with respect to which the related Pay Telephone Placement Agreement is terminated, with a substitute Pay Telephone of similar or better technology and related Pay Telephone Placement Agreement satisfactory to Lender; provided further that Lender shall automatically be granted a first and only perfected Lien covering such replacement Pay Telephone and Pay Telephone Placement Agreement. 5.8 Maintenance of Principal Place of Business. Borrower shall maintain and keep its principal place of business and chief executive office at the address set forth at the beginning of this Agreement, and at no other location without giving Lender at least thirty (30) days prior written notice of any move. Borrower shall maintain and keep its records at such address and at no other location without giving Lender at least thirty (30) days prior written notice of any move. 5.9 Certain Agreements. Borrower shall not amend, modify or alter in any material respect or terminate or assign any interest in the Billing and Related Services Agreement. 5.10 Pay Telephone Placement Agreements. Not less than ninety percent (90%) of all Pay Telephones shall at all times be subject to Pay Telephone Placement Agreements and such agreements shall be in full force and effect during all such times. At least: 90% of the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements will be written agreements. 5.11 Satisfaction of Certain Obligations. In the event Borrower fails to make any payment or do any act as herein provided (including, but not limited to, maintaining any insurance required to be maintained under the Loan Documents or paying all taxes in accordance with the terms hereof) or there shall be a claim or Lien asserted or filed against the Collateral which is not discharged within thirty (30) days, Lender may, but shall not be obligated to (and without releasing Borrower from any obligation hereunder), make all such payments and perform all such acts or otherwise satisfy such obligations. All sums paid by Lender in respect thereof and all costs, fees and expenses, including reasonable attorneys' fees, court costs, expenses and other charges relating thereto, which are incurred by Lender on account thereof, shall bear interest at the Default Rate, shall be payable on demand by Borrower to Lender, and shall be additional Obligations hereunder secured by the Collateral. 5.12 Cash Flow Coverage. So long as any of the Obligations remain outstanding, Guarantor shall maintain, on a consolidated basis, Cash Flow Coverage in excess of 1.2. Cash Flow Coverage shall be defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, divided by the sum of the current portion of long term debt, including the current portion of any capital leases, interest, dividends and capital expenditures. All such item, shall be determined in accordance with GAAP and shall be calculated on a rolling four quarter basis. 5.13 Further Assurances. Borrower shall cause to be done, executed, acknowledged and delivered all and every such further act, conveyance and assurance as Lender shall require for accomplishing the purposes of this Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents. Borrower will defend and protect its title with respect to the Collateral and will indemnify Lender with respect thereto. Any payment in respect of such indemnity shall be made directly to Lender within ten (10) days after written demand specifying such charges in immediately available funds. Forthwith after notice from Lender, Borrower shall promptly, without further consideration, execute, acknowledge and deliver such further instruments and documents and will take such other actions as Lender may deem necessary or advisable from time to time to ensure the enforceability or priority of the Liens granted hereby, or otherwise to confirm and carry out the intent and purpose of this Agreement. ARTICLE 6. SECURITY INTEREST 6.1 Security. As security for the full and timely payment and performance of all of the Obligations of Borrower to Lender, Borrower hereby collaterally assigns, pledges, transfers and sets over to Lender, and hereby agrees that Lender shall have, and hereby grants to and creates in favor of Lender, a first security interest under the UCC subject to no other Liens, in and to the following, in each case whether now existing or hereafter arising, now owned or hereafter acquired, wherever located ("Collateral"): 6.1.1 All of the Pay Telephones and the other Equipment; 6.1.2 All of the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements; and 6.1.3 All accessions and additions thereto, substitutions for, and all replacements of, any and all of the foregoing, and all proceeds paid or payable to Borrower with respect to the foregoing, cash and non-cash, including insurance proceeds. 6.1.4 All of the licenses, permits and governmental authorizations relating to the Pay Telephones and Pay Telephone Placement Agreements, to the extent the same are assignable. 6.2 Lender Has Rights and Remedies of a Secured Party. In addition to all rights and remedies given to Lender by this Agreement, Lender shall have all the rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC. 6.3 Additional Provisions Applicable to the Collateral. Borrower shall not affix or permit the Collateral to become affixed to real estate, and such Collateral shall remain personal property, whether or not so affixed. 6.4 Certain Covenants. Borrower covenants and agrees with Lender for the benefit of Lender that: 6.4.1 Borrower has and will have good and merchantable title to all of the Collateral, in each case as from time to time owned or acquired by it, and shall keep the Collateral free and clear of all Liens, other than those granted to Lender. Borrower will defend such title against the claims and demands of all Persons whomsoever. Borrower has and will have good title to or a leasehold or license interest in all assets reasonably required for the conduct of its business. 6.4.2 Borrower will faithfully preserve and protect Lender's Liens in the Collateral and will, at its own cost and expense, cause said Liens to be perfected and continued perfected, and for such purpose Borrower will from time to time at the request of Lender and at the expense of Borrower, make, execute, acknowledge and deliver, and file or record, or cause to be filed or recorded, in the proper filing places, all such instruments, documents and notices, including without limitation financing statements and continuation statements, as Lender may deem necessary or advisable from time to time in order to perfect and continue perfected said security interest. Borrower will do all such other acts and things and make, execute, acknowledge and deliver all such other instruments and documents, including without limitation further security agreements, pledges, endorsements, assignments and notices, as Lender reasonably may deem necessary or advisable from time to time in order to perfect and preserve the priority of said Liens as a first and only Lien on and security interest in the Collateral prior to the rights of all other Persons therein or thereto. 6.4.3 Borrower will not, without the prior written consent of Lender, (i) borrow or permit any Person to borrow against the Collateral other than the Loan to Borrower from Lender pursuant to this Agreement; (ii) create, incur, assume or suffer to exist any Lien with respect to any of the Collateral except for (x) the Lien of Lender, as provided herein, (y) liens for taxes either not yet due or being contested by Borrower or Guarantor in good faith with due diligence and by appropriate proceedings and (z) inchoate materialmen's, mechanics', workmen's repairmen's and other like liens arising in the ordinary course of business where adequate reserves are maintained therefor; (iii) permit any levy or attachment to be made against any of the Collateral except any levy or attachment relating to this Agreement; or (iv) permit any financing statement to be on file with respect to any of the Collateral, except financing statements in favor of Lender. Any Lien permitted under (ii)(y) will be discharged or bonded prior to foreclosure and prior to the imposition of any fire, penalty or other damage against Lender. 6.4.4 Risk of loss of, damage to or destruction of the Collateral is and shall remain upon Borrower. Borrower will insure the Collateral as provided in Section 5.3 of this Agreement. Lender, its officers, employees and authorized agents and its successors and assigns, are hereby appointed attorneys-in-fact of Borrower, for the purpose of endorsing any draft or check which may be payable to Borrower in order to collect the proceeds of such insurance. Such appointment is irrevocable and coupled with an interest. The proceeds of insurance shall be applied to reduction of the Obligations in any order Lender may choose or, in Lender's reasonable discretion, to the repair or replacement of the Collateral, or any part thereof, in which case Lender may impose such conditions on the disbursement of the proceeds as Lender in its sole discretion deems appropriate. 6.4.5 Upon the occurrence and during the continuation or existence of any Event of Default, Borrower shall promptly upon written demand by Lender make the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements and the licenses and permits comprising the Collateral available to Lender at the place or places to be designated by Lender. The right of Lender to have the Pay Telephone Placement Agreements and the licenses and permits comprising the Collateral assembled and made available to it is of the essence of this Agreement and Lender may, at its election, enforce such right in equity for specific performance. 6.4.6 Lender shall have no duty as to the collection or protection of the Collateral or any part thereof or any income thereon, or as to the preservation of any rights pertaining thereto, beyond exercising reasonable care in the custody of any Collateral actually in the possession of Lender. Lender shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody and preservation of such of the Collateral as may be in its possession if it takes such action for that purpose as Borrower shall request in writing, provided that such requested action shall not, in the reasonable judgment of Lender, impair Lender's security interest in the Collateral or its rights in, or the value of, the Collateral, and provided further that such written request is received by Lender in sufficient time to permit it to take the requested action. ARTICLE 7. DEFAULTS 7.1 Events of Default. The occurrence of one or more of the following described events is an Event of Default: 7.1.1 Borrower fails to make any payment of principal of or interest on the Note when due, and such failure continues for a period of ten (10) days; or 7.1.2 Borrower fails to perform or observe any other covenant or agreement to be performed or observed by it hereunder or under the other Loan Documents and such failure continues unremedied for a period of fifteen (l5) days after written notice of such failure has been given by Lender pursuant to Section 8.7 hereof; or 7.1.3 Other than as provided in Section 6.4.3, Borrower voluntarily creates, suffers to exist, incurs or assumes any Lien, security interest, charge or encumbrance on, or with respect to, any part of or all the Collateral, or the Liens held by Lender in and to the Collateral shall cease to be the first perfected Lien in and to the Collateral, or Lender shall cease to hold a first perfected Lien covering 2500 Pay Telephones; or 7.1.4 Borrower sells, assigns, leases, or otherwise disposes of or relinquishes possession of, any Collateral, provided that (a) Borrower may replace any Pay Telephone which becomes permanently disabled or with respect to which the related Pay Telephone Placement Agreement is terminated, with a substitute Pay Telephone and Pay Telephone Placement Agreement satisfactory to Lender in accordance with Section 5.2.4 and 5.7 and (b) Lender shall automatically be granted a first and only perfected Lien covering such replacement Pay Telephone; or 7.1.5 any material representation or warranty made by Borrower or the Guarantor herein or in any other Loan Document or in any document or certificate furnished by Borrower to Lender in connection herewith or therewith at any time while any of the Obligations remain outstanding proves to have been incorrect in any material respect when made; or 7.1.6 this Agreement or any Loan Document at any time while the Obligations remain outstanding and for any reason ceases to be in full force and effect or is declared by a court or governmental agency of competent jurisdiction to be null and void; or 7.1.7 Borrower or Guarantor breaches or defaults (after giving effect to any notice or cure periods) under the material terms of any agreement, instrument or document with or for the benefit of FINOVA Capital Corporation which is not a Loan Document or under any other loan, credit facility or other financial accommodation made by FINOVA Capital Corporation to Borrower or Guarantor, including, without limitation, all promissory notes, guarantees, equipment leases, security agreements, mortgages and deeds of trust; or 7.1.8 Borrower or the Guarantor is convicted under any criminal statute or there is a judgment against Borrower or the Guarantor in a criminal or civil proceeding pursuant to which the proceedings, penalties or judgment include forfeiture of any of the Collateral or a material portion of the assets of Borrower or the Guarantor and enforcement of such action is not stayed on appeal; or 7.1.9 an event of default shall occur and be continuing with respect to any other indebtedness or lease obligation of Borrower or Guarantor having a principal or rental amount outstanding in excess of $500,000; or 7.1.10 the Guarantor fails to perform or observe any other covenant or agreement to be performed or observed by it under the Loan Documents to which they are a party and such failure continues unremedied for a period of fifteen (15) days after written notice of such failure; or 7.1.11 there is a material adverse change in the financial condition of Borrower, the Guarantor or the Collateral; 7.1.12 a proceeding is instituted seeking a decree or order for relief in respect of Borrower or the Guarantor in an involuntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or for the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator (or other similar official) of Borrower or the Guarantor, or for any substantial part of its properties or for the dissolution, winding-up or liquidation of its affairs or any substantial part of any of its properties and such proceeding remains undismissed or unstayed for a period of sixty (60) consecutive days or such court enters a decree or order granting the relief sought in such proceeding; or 7.1.13 Borrower or the Guarantor voluntarily suspends transaction of its business, commences a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, consents to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law or consents to the appointment of or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, custodian, sequestrator (or other similar official) of Borrower or the Guarantor for any substantial part of any of its properties, or makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or takes any action in furtherance of any of the foregoing; or 7.1.14 there shall be a judgment or judgments against Borrower or the Guarantor for any amount in excess of [$100,000] in the aggregate, which shall remain unpaid, unstayed on appeal, undischarged, unbounded or undismissed for a period of thirty (30) days or more; or 7.1.15 Borrower fails to perform or observe any of its covenants or agreements contained in Section 5.3 hereof or in the letter regarding insurance requirements delivered by Borrower in connection herewith dated December 12, 1996 (the "Insurance Letter") or any such insurance shall at any time cease to be in full force and effect; or 7.1.16 Borrower shall have defaulted under or otherwise breached any of the material terms of the Billing and Related Services Agreement. 7.2 Consequences of Event of Default. 7.2.1 If an Event of Default occurs, Lender may, by notice to Borrower, declare the unpaid principal amount of the Note and interest accrued thereon and all other Obligations and liabilities of Borrower hereunder or under the Note or the Loan Documents to be immediately due and payable and the same shall thereupon become and be immediately due and payable without presentment, demand, protest or other notice of any kind, all of which are hereby expressly waived, and an action therefor shall immediately accrue. 7.2.2 In addition, if an Event of Default occurs, Lender shall have all rights and remedies granted herein and in the other Loan Documents and all rights or remedies available at law including the UCC) or equity, whether as a secured party or otherwise (including specifically those granted by the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the jurisdiction or jurisdictions where the Collateral is located) and, except as limited by Law, all remedies of Lender (i) shall be cumulative and concurrent; (ii) may be pursued separately, successively or concurrently against Borrower or against all or any portion of the Collateral, at the sole discretion of Lender; (iii) may be exercised as often as occasion therefor shall arise, it being agreed by Borrower that the exercise or failure to exercise any rights or remedies shall in no event be construed as a waiver or release thereof or of any other right, remedy or recourse; and (iv) are intended to be, and shall be, nonexclusive. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable Law, Lender may resort to the rights, remedies and recourses set forth herein and any other security therefor in such order and manner as Lender may elect. 7.2.3 Without limiting any of the foregoing, Borrower agrees that (i) Lender may, with or without notice and without legal process, enter upon any property owned, leased or otherwise under the real or apparent control of Borrower or any agent thereof or any other location where the Collateral may be located and disassemble, disconnect, render unusable or repossess all or any item of the Collateral; (ii) written notice mailed to Borrower, as provided in this Agreement for the giving of notice, shall be reasonable if given ten (10) days prior to (a) any public sale or (b) the date after which a private sale may be made; (iii) a sale of the Collateral may be made as a unit or in parcels and for cash and upon terms; and (iv) Lender may buy the Collateral at any public sale and at any private sale as permitted by the UCC. 7.2.4 Any acceleration of the Loan as a consequence of the occurrence of an Event of Default shall be deemed a prepayment and subject to a prepayment fee of three (3%) percent, in addition to all other amounts otherwise due under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. ARTICLE 8. MISCELLANEOUS 8.1 Indemnity. Borrower shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless Lender from and against, and, within ten (10) days after written demand therefor, adequately particularizing the nature and amount thereof, reimburse Lender for, all claims, demands, liabilities, losses, damages, judgments, penalties, costs and expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements, which may be imposed upon, asserted against or incurred or paid by Lender, on account of any act performed or omitted to be performed under this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents or on account of any transaction arising out of or in any way connected with the Collateral or this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents (including, without limitation, any litigation matter involving claims by third parties), except as a result of the willful misconduct or gross negligence of Lender. 8.2 No Implied Waiver: Cumulative Remedies. No course of dealing and no delay or failure of Lender in exercising any right, power or privilege under this Agreement, the Note or any of the other Loan Documents shall affect such right, power or privilege except as and to the extent that the assertion of any such right, power or privilege shall be barred by an applicable statute of limitations; nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof or any abandonment or discontinuance of steps to enforce such a right, power or privilege preclude any further exercise thereof or of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies of Lender under this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies which Lender would otherwise have. 8.3 Taxes. Borrower agrees to pay or reimburse Lender for any and all stamp, document, transfer, recording or filing taxes or fees and all similar impositions payable or hereafter reasonably determined by Lender to be payable in connection with this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents (including but not limited to those necessary or advisable to record or to ensure the enforceability or priority of this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents), and any other documents, instruments or transactions pursuant to or in connection herewith, and Borrower agrees to save Lender harmless from and against any and all present or future claims or liabilities with respect to or resulting from any delay in paying or omission to pay any such taxes, fees or similar impositions. 8.4 Modifications, Amendments or Waivers. Lender and Borrower may from time to time enter into written agreements amending, modifying or supplementing this Agreement, the note or the other Loan Documents or changing the rights of Lender or Borrower hereunder or thereunder, and Lender may from time to time grant waivers or consents to a departure from the due performance of the obligations of Borrower thereunder. Any such agreement, waiver or consent must be in writing and shall be effective only to the extent set forth in such writing. In the case of any such waiver or consent, any Event of Default so waived or consented to shall be deemed to be cured and not continuing, but no such waiver or consent shall extend to any subsequent or other Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereto. 8.5 Holidays. Except as otherwise provided herein, whenever any payment or action to be made or taken hereunder or the Note or any other Loan Document shall be stated to be due on a day which is not a Business Day, such payment or action shall be made or taken on the next following Business Day (and such day shall be included in the calculation of interest due), unless such next succeeding Business Day falls in a different calendar month, in which case payment or action shall be made or taken on the next preceding Business Day. 8.6 Notices. 8.6.1 Except as otherwise provided herein, all notices and other communications required under the terms and provisions of this Agreement, the Note or the other Loan Documents shall be in writing and shall become effective when delivered by hand or received by overnight courier, telex, facsimile, telegram or registered first class mail, postage prepaid, addressed as follows: If to Lender, at: Southbridge Financial Corp. 400 Madison Avenue New York, New York 10017 Facsimile No. 212-593-0377 Attention: Arthur Freierman President If to Borrower, at: Crescent Public Communications Inc. 7 Mayflower Place Floral Park, NY 11001 Facsimile No. 516-437-0807 Attention: Anthony M. Scalice or at such other address as either party may, from time to time, designate in writing to the other party hereto. 8.6.2 If any notice is given by telex, facsimile transmission, or telegram, the party giving such notice shall confirm such notice by a writing delivered by hand or overnight courier; Provided, however, that for all purposes hereunder, notice shall be deemed effective at the time given by telex, telecopier or telegram. 8.7 Reimbursement for Certain Expenses. Borrower agrees to pay or cause to be paid and to save Lender harmless against liability for the payment of all reasonable out-of-pocket costs and expenses, including, without limitation, all reasonable counsel fees and costs, incurred by Lender from time to time (i) arising in connection with the negotiation, execution, delivery, and recordation of this Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents, and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and all recording or filing fees, (ii) relating to any requested amendments, waivers or consents to or in connection with this Agreement, the Note or any other Loan Document, (iii) arising in connection with Lender's enforcement or preservation of rights under this Agreement, the Note or any other Loan Document, including but not limited to such expenses as may be incurred by Lender in the collection of the Note, and (iv) any other matters relating to the Loan, Loan Documents, the Collateral or Borrower. 8.8 Governing Law. THIS AGREEMENT, THE NOTE, THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS AND THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES HERETO AND THERETO SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED AND ENFORCED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. 8.9 Personal Jurisdiction and Service of Process. BORROWER IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS THAT ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING AGAINST BORROWER UNDER, ARISING OUT OF, OR IN ANY MANNER RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE NOTE OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS MAY BE BROUGHT IN ANY STATE COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK LOCATED IN NEW YORK COUNTY OR IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK. BORROWER, BY ITS EXECUTION AND DELIVERY OF THIS AGREEMENT, EXPRESSLY AND IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS AND SUBMITS TO THE PERSONAL JURISDICTION OF ANY OF SUCH COURTS IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING. BORROWER FURTHER AGREES THAT ANY LEGAL ACTION OR PROCEEDING BORROWER MAY BRING, ARISING OUT OF OR IN ANY MANNER RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE OTHER LOAN DOCUMENTS, SHALL ONLY BE BROUGHT IN ANY STATE COURT OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK LOCATED IN NEW YORK COUNTY OR IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK. BORROWER ALSO IRREVOCABLY CONSENTS TO THE SERVICE OF ANY COMPLAINT, SUMMONS, NOTICE OR OTHER PROCESS RELATING TO SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BY DELIVERY THEREOF TO BORROWER IN THE MANNER PROVIDED FOR NOTICES IN THIS AGREEMENT. BORROWER HEREBY EXPRESSLY AND IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY CLAIM OR DEFENSE IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING BASED ON ANY ALLEGED LACK OF PERSONAL JURISDICTION, IMPROPER VENUE OR FORUM NON CONVENIENS OR ANY SIMILAR BASIS. BORROWER SHALL NOT BE ENTITLED IN ANY SUCH ACTION OR PROCEEDING TO ASSERT ANY DEFENSE GIVEN OR ALLOWED UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY STATE OTHER THAN THE STATE OF NEW YORK, UNLESS SUCH DEFENSE IS ALSO GIVEN OR ALLOWED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. NOTHING HEREIN SHALL AFFECT OR IMPAIR IN ANY MANNER OR TO ANY EXTENT THE RIGHT OF LENDER TO COMMENCE LEGAL PROCEEDINGS OR OTHERWISE PROCEED AGAINST BORROWER IN ANY OTHER JURISDICTION OR TO SERVE PROCESS IN ANY MANNER PERMITTED BY LAW. 8.10 Waiver of Jury Trial. BORROWER HEREBY WAIVES ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY AGREEMENT, INSTRUMENT OR DOCUMENT EXECUTED AND DELIVERED IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR THEREWITH, INCLUDING THE LOAN DOCUMENTS. 8.11 Severability. The provisions of this Agreement, the Note and any other Loan Document are intended to be severable. If any such provision is held invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part in any jurisdiction, such provision shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such invalidity or unenforceability without in any manner affecting the validity or enforceability thereof in any other jurisdiction or the remaining provisions hereof in any jurisdiction. 8.12 Prior Understandings. This Agreement and the other Loan Documents supersede all prior understandings and agreements, whether written or oral, between the parties hereto relating to the transactions provided for herein or therein. 8.13 Survival. All representations and warranties of Borrower contained in this Agreement or any other Loan Document or made in writing in connection herewith or therewith shall survive the execution and delivery of this Agreement, the Note and the other Loan Documents, any investigation or inspection by Lender, the making of the Loan hereunder, the payment of the Note or the expiration of this Agreement. All covenants and agreements of Borrower contained herein shall continue in full force until payment in full of the Obligations. Borrower's obligation to pay the principal of and interest on the Note and all such other amounts shall be absolute and unconditional under any and all circumstances . 8.14 Successors and Assigns. This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of Lender and Borrower and their respective successors and permitted assigns, except that Borrower may not assign, delegate or transfer any of its rights or obligations hereunder or any interest herein other than to Guarantor without the written consent of Lender which Lender may withhold in its absolute discretion. Any actual or attempted assignment by Borrower without Lender's consent shall be null, void and of no effect whatsoever. Lender may assign or otherwise transfer any or all of its rights, title and interests hereunder and under the Note and the other Loan Documents in whole or in part. If Lender makes, such an assignment, the assignee shall have all of the rights of the Lender and Borrower shall not assert against the assignee any defense, counterclaims or setoff which Borrower may have against Lender (although any claim Borrower might have against the original Lender shall be preserved and may be separately pursued against such Lender). Upon Lender giving notice to Borrower of any such assignment Borrower shall promptly acknowledge its obligations hereunder to such assignee, and shall comply with all written directions or demands of such assignee and shall make all payments and perform all Obligations due hereunder as such assignee may direct in writing and as otherwise provided herein. Borrower hereby acknowledges that it has received written notice from Lender that Lender has assigned all of its right, title and interest in and to the Loan Documents and the Collateral to FINOVA Capital Corporation ("FINOVA") and FINOVA is entitled to all of the rights and remedies hereunder of an assignee. Except to the extent otherwise required by its context, the word "Lender" where used in this Agreement shall mean and include the holder of the Note originally issued to Lender, and the holder of such Note shall be bound by and have the benefits of this Agreement to the same extent as if such holder had been a signatory hereto. As used in this Section 8.14, "assign" shall be deemed to include a pledge, sale of, or grant of a mortgage on, or a security interest in, any of the Collateral or this Agreement or the other Loan Documents by Lender and the term "assignee" shall be deemed to refer to the recipient of such pledge, sale, mortgage or security interest. 8.15 Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts and by the different parties hereto on separate counterparts each of which, when so executed and delivered by the parties, constituting an original but all such counterparts together constituting but one and the same instrument. 8.16 Publicity. Lender is hereby authorized to issue appropriate press releases and to cause a tombstone to be published announcing the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement, including the aggregate amount of the Loan. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto, by their officers thereunto duly authorized, have executed and delivered this Agreement effective as of the day and year first above written. CRESCENT PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS INC., a New York Corporation By: /s/ Name: Peter M. Izzo, Jr. Title: Chief Executive Officer Federal Tax Identification No. 11-3292635 SOUTHBRIDGE FINANCIAL CORP. By: /s/ Name: Arthur P. Freierman Title: President EX-10.19 18 GALESI STOCK EXCHANGE AGREEMENT STOCK EXCHANGE AGREEMENT dated as of January 7, 1997 (the "Agreement") by and between AMNEX, INC., a New York corporation ("AMNEX"), and FRANCESCO GALESI ("Galesi"). Upon the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth, Galesi desires to transfer to AMNEX, and AMNEX desires to acquire from Galesi, shares of Common Stock of Galesi Telecom International, Inc., a New York corporation ("GTI"), representing ten percent (10%) of the issued and outstanding capital stock of GTI, in exchange for shares of Series L Preferred Stock of AMNEX. NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto hereby agree as follows: ARTICLE I EXCHANGE OF STOCK 1.1 Exchange of Stock. Simultaneously herewith, (a) Galesi is delivering to AMNEX a certificate representing ten (10) shares (the "GTI Shares") of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, of GTI (the "GTI Common Stock"), duly endorsed to AMNEX and (b) AMNEX is delivering to Galesi a certificate representing one hundred thousand (100,000) shares of Series L Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share, of AMNEX (the "Series L Preferred Stock") having the rights, preferences and limitations set forth in AMNEX's Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation with regard thereto (the "Preferred Stock Certificate of Amendment"), including, without limitation, the right and obligation to convert each share of Series L Preferred Stock into fifteen (15) shares of Common Stock, par value $.001 per share, of the Company (the "AMNEX Common Stock") in the event of the filing by AMNEX with the Secretary of State of New York of the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment (as hereinafter defined), as provided for in Section 6.1 hereof. 1.2 Warrants. In consideration of the foregoing, simultaneously herewith, AMNEX is executing and delivering to Galesi a warrant (the "Warrant") for the purchase of the following: (a) prior to the filing of the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of New York, one hundred thousand 1 (100,000) shares of Series L Preferred Stock (the "Warrant Preferred Stock") at an exercise price of forty-five dollars and forty-five cents ($45.45) per share of Warrant Preferred Stock and (b) on or after the filing of the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment with the Secretary of State of New York, one million five hundred thousand (1,500,000) shares of AMNEX Common Stock (the "Warrant Common Stock" and collectively with the Warrant Preferred Stock, the "Warrant Stock") at an exercise price of three dollars and three cents($3.03) per share of Warrant Common Stock (the Warrant being exchangeable for the Warrant Stock under certain circumstances as set forth therein). ARTICLE II REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF AMNEX AMNEX makes the following representations and warranties to Galesi: 2.1 Valid Corporate Existence. AMNEX is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of New York. AMNEX has the requisite corporate power to carry on its business as now conducted and to own its assets. AMNEX is qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which it is required to be so qualified, except where the failure to be so qualified would not have a material adverse effect on AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries (as hereinafter defined) taken as a whole. The copies of AMNEX's Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws, each as amended to date, which have heretofore been delivered to Galesi, are true and complete copies of such documents as now in effect. 2.2 Capitalization. (a) The authorized capital stock of AMNEX consists of 40,000,000 shares of Common Stock, of which 27,045,964 shares are issued and outstanding, and 5,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, of which 72,450 shares of Series B Preferred Stock, 1,413,337 shares of Series D Preferred Stock, 1,035,000 shares of Series E Preferred Stock, 415,250 shares of Series F Preferred Stock and 66,250 shares of Series G Preferred Stock are issued and outstanding. All the issued and outstanding shares of AMNEX Common Stock and Preferred Stock have been validly issued and fully paid and are nonassessable, 2 subject to the provisions of Section 630 of the Business Corporation Law of the State of New York ("Section 630"). (b) The Series L Preferred Stock and the Warrant Preferred Stock have been duly and validly authorized and, when issued and delivered (upon payment in full of the exercise price in accordance with the terms of the Warrant, with respect to the Warrant Preferred Stock), will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, subject to Section 630. Subject to the filing of the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment, as contemplated by Section 6.1 hereof, the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Series L Preferred Stock or the Warrant Preferred Stock (the "Conversion Stock") have been duly and validly authorized and, upon conversion in accordance with the terms of the Preferred Stock Certificate of Amendment, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, subject to Section 630. Subject to the filing of the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment, the Warrant Common Stock has been duly and validly authorized and, when issued upon payment in full of the exercise price in accordance with the terms of the Warrant, will be duly and validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, subject to Section 630. (c) Except as set forth in Schedule 2.2 attached hereto, there are no commitments to which AMNEX is a party, or by which it is bound, calling for the issuance, sale or other disposition of any class of securities of AMNEX and there are no outstanding securities of AMNEX convertible into or exchangeable for shares of AMNEX Common Stock or any other securities of AMNEX. 2.3 Subsidiaries. Schedule 2.3 attached hereto sets forth a complete list of the names and jurisdictions of incorporation of all corporations and other business entities owned by AMNEX (collectively, the "AMNEX Subsidiaries"). Each of the AMNEX Subsidiaries is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation and has the requisite corporate power to carry on its business as now conducted and to own its assets. Each AMNEX Subsidiary is qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which it is required to be so qualified, except where the failure to be so qualified would not have a material adverse effect on AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Except as set forth on Schedule 2.3, all the outstanding capital stock or other voting interests of each of the AMNEX Subsidiaries is owned by AMNEX. 3 2.4 Consents. Except for the requisite approval by AMNEX's stockholders of the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment, no filings with or consents of governmental or other regulatory agencies, foreign or domestic, or of other parties are required to be made or received by or on the part of AMNEX to enable it to enter into and carry out this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. 2.5 Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement. AMNEX has the requisite corporate power to enter into this Agreement and to carry out its obligations hereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by the Board of Directors of AMNEX and, except for the approval of the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment by the stockholders of AMNEX, no other corporate proceedings on the part of AMNEX, including, without limitation, stockholder approval, are necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement constitutes the valid and binding obligation of AMNEX and is enforceable against AMNEX in accordance with its terms. 2.6 Financial Statements. The unaudited financial statements of AMNEX at September 30, 1996 and for the nine month period then ended, copies of which are included in AMNEX's Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 1996, (a) are true, correct and com plete, (b) are in accordance with the books and records of AMNEX, (c) fairly present the financial position of AMNEX as of such date and the results of its operations for such period, and (d) were prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting prin ciples, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments which were not and will not be material in nature. 2.7 Liabilities. As of September 30, 1996 (the "AMNEX Balance Sheet Date"), AMNEX had no material debts, liabilities or obligations, contingent or absolute, inchoate or otherwise, other than those debts, liabilities and obligations reflected, referred to or reserved against in AMNEX's balance sheet at the AMNEX Balance Sheet Date or the footnotes thereto. 4 2.8 Adverse Developments. Since the AMNEX Balance Sheet Date, there have been no material adverse changes in the assets, operations or financial condition of AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole, there has been no act or omission on the part of AMNEX, any AMNEX Subsidiary or others which would form the basis for the assertion against AMNEX or any AMNEX Subsidiary of any liability or obligation that would be material to AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole, no other event has occurred which could be reasonably expected to have a materially adverse effect upon the business of AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole and, except as described in the SEC Reports (as hereinafter defined), AMNEX does not know of any development or threatened development of a nature which could be reasonably expected to have a materially adverse effect upon the business of AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole or upon any of their assets, properties, operations or financial condition. 2.9 Litigation; Compliance with Law. Except as set forth in Schedule 2.9 attached hereto, there are no actions, suits, proceedings or governmental investigations relating to AMNEX or any AMNEX Subsidiary or any of their respective properties, assets or business pending or, to the knowledge of AMNEX, threatened, or any order, judgment, injunction, award or decree outstanding, against AMNEX or any AMNEX Subsidiary or against or relating to any of their respective properties, assets or business which would have a material adverse effect on AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole; and, to the knowledge of AMNEX, there has been no act or occurrence which would reasonably be deemed to establish a basis for any such action, suit, proceeding, governmental investigation, order, injunction or decree which would have a material adverse effect on AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Except as set forth in Schedule 2.9, neither AMNEX nor any AMNEX Subsidiary is in violation of any law, regulation, ordinance, order, injunction, decree, award, or other requirement of any governmental or other regulatory body, court or arbitrator relating to their respective properties, assets or business, the violation of which would have a material adverse effect on AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole. 2.10 Permits and Licenses. AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries have all permits, licenses, orders, franchises and approvals (collectively, "Permits") from all Federal, state, local and foreign governmental and other regulatory bodies (collectively, "Bodies") required to carry on their respective businesses as presently conducted and to offer and sell their respective products and services in all material respects; all such Permits are in full force and effect, and, to the knowledge of AMNEX, no suspension or cancellation of any of such Permits is threatened; and AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with all requirements, standards and procedures of the Bodies which have issued such Permits. 5 2.11 No Breach. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor compliance by AMNEX with any of the provisions hereof nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will: (a) violate or conflict with any provision of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws, each as amended to date, of AMNEX; (b) violate or result in the breach of the terms of any agreement to which AMNEX or any AMNEX Subsidiary is a party or by which any of them is bound, the violation or breach of which would have a material adverse effect on AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (c) violate any judgment, order, injunction, decree or award against, or binding upon, AMNEX or any AMNEX Subsidiary; (d) violate any law or regulation of any jurisdiction relating to AMNEX or any AMNEX Subsidiary, the violation of which would have a material adverse effect on AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (e) result in the creation of any security interest or other encumbrance upon any of the properties or assets of AMNEX or any AMNEX Subsidiary, the creation of which would have a material adverse effect upon AMNEX and the AMNEX Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (f) result in a reduction in the exercise price of any rights, options or warrants for the purchase of, or a reduction in the conversion or exchange price of any convertible or exchangeable securities for the acquisition of, shares of AMNEX Common Stock; or 6 (g) result in the issuance of any additional shares of AMNEX Common Stock pursuant to any (i) rights, options or warrants, (ii) convertible or exchangeable securities or (iii) preemptive or other similar rights. 2.12 Brokers. AMNEX has not engaged, consented to, or authorized any broker, finder, investment banker or other third party to act on its behalf, directly or indirectly, as a broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. ARTICLE III REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF GALESI Galesi makes the following representations and warranties to AMNEX with respect to itself and to GTI: 3.1 Valid Corporate Existence. GTI is a corporation duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of New York. GTI has the requisite corporate power to carry on its business as now conducted and to own its assets. GTI is qualified to do business as a foreign corporation in each jurisdiction in which it is required to be so qualified, except where the failure to be so qualified would not have a material adverse effect on GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries (as hereinafter defined), taken as a whole. The copies of GTI's Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws, each as amended to date, which have heretofore been delivered to AMNEX, are true and complete copies of such documents as now in effect. 3.2 Capitalization. (a) The authorized capital stock of GTI consists of 10,000 shares of Common Stock, of which 100 shares are issued and outstanding (92 of which are owned of record and beneficially by Galesi). All the issued and outstanding shares of GTI Common Stock have been validly issued and fully paid and are nonassessable, subject to the provisions of Section 630. (b) Except as set forth in Schedule 3.2 attached hereto, there are no commitments to which GTI is a party, or by which it is bound, calling for the issuance, sale or other disposition of any class of securities of GTI and there are no outstanding securities of GTI convertible into or exchangeable for shares of GTI Common Stock or any other securities of GTI. 7 3.3 Subsidiaries. Schedule 3.3 attached hereto sets forth a complete list of the names and jurisdictions of incorporation of all corporations and other business entities owned by GTI (collectively, the "GTI Subsidiaries"). Each of the GTI Subsidiaries is a corporation or similar entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or formation and has the requisite corporate or similar power to carry on its business as now conducted and to own its assets. Each GTI Subsidiary is qualified to do business as a foreign corporation or similar entity in each jurisdiction in which it is required to be so qualified, except where the failure to be so qualified would not have a material adverse effect on GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Except as set forth on Schedule 3.3, all the outstanding capital stock or other voting interests of each of the GTI Subsidiaries is owned by GTI. 3.4 Consents. No filings with or consents of governmental or other regulatory agencies, foreign or domestic, or of other parties are required to be made or received by or on the part of Galesi or GTI to enable Galesi to enter into and carry out this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby. 3.5 Authority; Binding Nature of Agreement. Galesi and GTI have the requisite power to enter into this Agreement and to carry out their respective obligations hereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby have been duly authorized by the Board of Directors of GTI and no other corporate proceedings on the part of GTI, including, without limitation, stockholder approval, are necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby. This Agreement constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Galesi and GTI and is enforceable in accordance with its terms. 3.6 Financial Statements. The unaudited financial statements of GTI at August 31, 1996 and for the eight month period then ended, and the unaudited consolidated balance sheet as of October 31, 1996 of Telit (as hereinafter defined), copies of which are attached hereto as Schedule 3.6, (a) are true, correct and complete, (b) are in accordance with the books and records of GTI, (c) fairly present the financial position of GTI as of such date and the results of its operations for such period, and (d) except as noted in Schedule 3.6, were prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, subject to normal year-end audit adjustments which were not and will not be material in nature. 8 3.7 Liabilities. As of August 31, 1996 (the "GTI Balance Sheet Date"), GTI had no material debts, liabilities or obligations, contingent or absolute, inchoate or otherwise, other than those debts, liabilities and obligations reflected, referred to or reserved against in GTI's balance sheet at the GTI Balance Sheet Date or the footnotes thereto. 3.8 Adverse Developments. Since the GTI Balance Sheet Date, there have been no material adverse changes in the assets, operations or financial condition of GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole, there has been no act or omission on the part of GTI any GTI Subsidiary or others which would form the basis for the assertion against GTI or any GTI Subsidiary of any liability or obligation that would be material to GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole, no other event has occurred which could be reasonably expected to have a materially adverse effect upon the business of GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole, GTI does not know of any development or threatened development of a nature which could be reasonably expected to have a materially adverse effect upon the business of GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole or upon any of their assets, properties, operations or financial condition. 3.9 Litigation; Compliance with Law. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.9 attached hereto, there are no actions, suits, proceedings or governmental investigations relating to GTI or any GTI Subsidiary or any of their respective properties, assets or business pending or, to the knowledge of GTI threatened, or any order, judgment, injunction, award or decree outstanding, against GTI or any GTI Subsidiary or against or relating to any of their respective properties, assets or business which would have a material adverse effect on GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole; and, to the knowledge of GTI, there has been no act or occurrence which would reasonably be deemed to establish a basis for any such action, suit, proceeding, governmental investigation, order, injunction or decree which would have a material adverse effect on GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole. Except as set forth in Schedule 3.9, neither GTI nor any GTI Subsidiary is in violation of any law, regulation, ordinance, order, injunction, decree, award, or other requirement of any governmental or other regulatory body, court or arbitrator relating to their respective properties, assets or business, the violation of which would have a material adverse effect on GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole. 9 3.10 Permits and Licenses. GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries have all Permits from all Bodies required to carry on their respective businesses as presently conducted and as contemplated to be conducted as set forth in the Business Plan (as hereinafter defined) and to offer and sell their respective products and services in all material respects; all such Permits are in full force and effect, and, to the knowledge of GTI, no suspension or cancellation of any of such Permits is threatened; and GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries are in compliance in all material respects with all requirements, standards and procedures of the Bodies which have issued such Permits. 3.11 No Breach. Neither the execution and delivery of this Agreement nor compliance by Galesi or GTI with any of the provisions hereof nor the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby will: (a) violate or conflict with any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws, each as amended to date, of GTI; (b) violate or result in the breach of the terms of any material agreement to which Galesi, GTI or any GTI Subsidiary is a party or by which any of them is bound, the violation or breach of which would have a material adverse effect on GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (c) violate any judgment, order, injunction, decree or award against, or binding upon, GTI or any GTI Subsidiary; (d) violate any law or regulation of any jurisdiction relating to GTI or any GTI Subsidiary, the violation of which would have a material adverse effect on GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole; 10 (e) result in the creation of any security interest or other encumbrance upon any of the properties or assets of GTI or any GTI Subsidiary, the creation of which would have a material adverse effect upon GTI and the GTI Subsidiaries taken as a whole; (f) result in a reduction in the exercise price of any rights, options or warrants for the purchase of, or a reduction in the conversion or exchange price of any convertible or exchangeable securities for the acquisition of, shares of GTI Common Stock; or (g) result in the issuance of any additional shares of GTI Common Stock pursuant to any (i) rights, options or warrants, (ii) convertible or exchangeable securities or (iii) preemptive or other similar rights. 3.12 Brokers. Neither Galesi nor GTI has engaged, consented to, or authorized any broker, finder, investment banker or other third party to act on its behalf, directly or indirectly, as a broker or finder in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. 3.13 Title to Shares. Galesi owns outright the GTI Shares, free and clear of any and all security interests, liens, encumbrances, pledges, claims and rights of any third party. 3.14 Business Plan. The statements contained in GTI's Business Plan, dated November 30, 1996 (the Business Plan"), a copy of which is attached hereto as Schedule 3.14, are true and complete in all material respects. 11 ARTICLE IV ACQUISITION OF SECURITIES Galesi makes the following representations and warranties to AMNEX: 4.1 Investment Representations. (a) Galesi is acquiring the Series L Preferred Stock and the Warrants and, in the event of a conversion of the Series L Preferred Stock and/or an exercise of the Warrants, will be acquiring the Conversion Stock and the Warrant Stock (the Series L Preferred Stock, Warrants, Conversion Stock and Warrant Stock being collectively referred to as the "Securities"), for his own account, for investment and not with a view to the resale or distribution thereof within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). Galesi further represents and warrants that he shall not sell, assign, encumber, or otherwise dispose of any of the foregoing securities unless (i) a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect thereto is in effect and the prospectus included therein meets the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act, or (ii) AMNEX has received a written opinion from its counsel that, after an investigation of the relevant facts, such counsel is of the opinion that such proposed sale, assignment, transfer, encumbrance or disposition does not require registration under the Securities Act. Galesi acknowledges and agrees that the stock certificate(s) evidencing ownership of the Securities which he receives shall bear the following legend: "The securities represented by this certificate have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the securities laws of any state. These securities have been acquired for investment and not for distribution or resale. They may not be sold, assigned, mortgaged, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise transferred or disposed of without an effective registration statement for such securities under such Act and any applicable state securities laws covering such securities, or an opinion of counsel to AMNEX that such registration is not required." (b) Galesi understands that none of the Securities have been registered under the Securities Act or any state securities laws and, except as provided for in Article V hereof, there is no agreement on the part of AMNEX to register any of the Securities thereunder. 12 (c) It is understood and agreed that the Securities are not being registered under the Securities Act due to AMNEX's reliance upon Section 4(2) thereof, which section provides an exemption from registration for certain transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering, and Galesi further acknowledges that AMNEX's reliance thereon is predicated on his representations and warranties contained in this Agreement. 4.2 Additional Representations. (a) Galesi is able to bear the economic risks of an investment in each of the Securities, including, without limitation, the risk of the loss of part or all of his investment and the inability to sell or transfer the Securities until such Securities are registered under the Securities Act or an exemption from registration is available; subject, however, to AMNEX's obligations with regard to the registration of the Conversion Stock and the Warrant Stock under the Securities Act in accordance with Article V hereof. (b) Galesi is an "accredited investor", as such term is defined in Rule 501(a), promulgated under the Securities Act, or he, alone or with his purchaser representative, if any, has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters that he is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in each of the Securities. Galesi will execute and deliver to AMNEX such documents as AMNEX may reasonably request in order to confirm the accuracy of the foregoing. Galesi acknowledges that the acquisition of the Securities may entail significant risks. (c) Galesi has reviewed AMNEX's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995, Forms 10-Q for the fiscal periods ended March 31, 1996, June 30, 1996 and September 30, 1996 and Forms 8-K for events dated October 4, 1995, June 28, 1996 and November 20, 1996, each as amended (collectively, the "SEC Reports"), and has been afforded the opportunity to obtain such other information as Galesi requested from AMNEX in order to evaluate the merits and risks of an investment in each of the Securities. 13 ARTICLE V REGISTRATION OBLIGATION 5.1 Registration Obligation. AMNEX agrees that, commencing no earlier than the 540th day but no later than the 630th day after the date of this Agreement, AMNEX shall file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") a registration statement under the Securities Act on Form S-3 (or, should Form S-3 be unavailable to AMNEX, on another appropriate form) registering all of the Conversion Stock and the Warrant Common Stock or, if the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment shall not have theretofore been filed with the Secretary of State of New York, then all of the Series L Preferred Stock and Warrant Preferred Stock (the Conversion Stock, Warrant Common Stock, Series L Preferred Stock and Warrant Preferred Stock collectively referred to as the "Registration Stock") under the Securities Act, and thereafter, AMNEX will use its best efforts to (i) cause the Registration Stock to be registered, and (ii) cause such registration statement to remain effective in order to permit the resale to the public of the Registration Stock for a period of 180 days from the effective date thereof. 5.2 Obligations of AMNEX. As to the registration statement referred to in Section 5.1, AMNEX shall: (a) prepare and file with the Commission a registration statement on an appropriate form with respect to the Registration Stock and use its best efforts to have such registration statement declared effective within sixty (60) days after filing with the Commission; (b) prepare and file with the Commission such amendments and supplements to such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep such registration statement effective and current for a period of not less than 180 days and to comply with the provisions of Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all shares covered by such registration statement, including such amendments and supplements as may be necessary to reflect the intended method of disposition from time to time of the prospective seller or sellers of Registration Stock (individually, the "Selling Stockholder" and collectively, the "Selling Stockholders"); 14 (c) furnish to each Selling Stockholder such reasonable number of copies of any prospectus (including any supplemental or preliminary prospectus), in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, and such other documents as such Selling Stockholder may reasonably request in order to effect the offering and sale of the Registration Stock being offered and sold by such Selling Stockholder, but only while AMNEX is required under the provisions hereof to use its best efforts to cause the registration statement to remain current; (d) use its best efforts to register or qualify, not later than the effective date of such registration statement, the Registration Stock registered thereunder under the "blue sky" or other applicable laws of such jurisdictions as each prospective Selling Stockholder may reasonably request, to enable such Selling Stockholder to consummate (upon the registration statement being declared effective by the Commission) the public sale or other disposition in such jurisdictions of the Registration Stock owned by such Selling Stockholder; provided, however, that in no event shall AMNEX be obligated to qualify as a foreign corporation or as a dealer in securities or to execute or file any general consent to service of process under the laws of any such state where it is not at such time so qualified or subject; (e) notify Galesi, and any other holders of shares of Registration Stock, and confirm such notice in writing, (i) when a prospectus or any prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment has been filed and, with respect to a registration statement or any post-effective amendment, when the same has become effective under the Securities Act and each applicable state law, (ii) of any request by the Commission or any other Federal or state governmental authority for amendments or supplements to a registration statement or related prospectus or for additional information, (iii) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of a registration statement or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose, (iv) of the receipt by AMNEX of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification or exemption from qualification of any of the Registration Stock for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose, (v) of the happening of any event which makes any statement made in such registration statement or related prospectus or any document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated therein by reference 15 untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any changes in such registration statement, prospectus or documents so that, in the case of the registration statement, it will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and that in the case of the prospectus, it will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, and (vi) of AMNEX's reasonable determination that a post-effective amendment to a registration amendment would be appropriate; (f) use its commercially reasonable best efforts to obtain the withdrawal of any order suspending the effectiveness of a registration statement, or the lifting of any suspension of the qualification (or exemption from qualification) of any of the Registration Stock for sale in any jurisdiction, at the earliest practicable moment; (g) use its commercially reasonable best efforts to cause such Registration Stock to be registered with or approved by such other governmental agencies or authorities as may be necessary by virtue of the business and operations of AMNEX so as to permit Galesi to be able to freely sell, pledge or dispose of such shares, subject to applicable restrictions relating to the fact that Galesi is or may be an affiliate of AMNEX; (h) use its commercially reasonable best efforts to cause all such Registration Stock to be listed on each securities exchange on which similar securities issued by AMNEX are then listed or quoted and on any inter-dealer quotation system on which similar securities issued by AMNEX are then quoted; and (i) cooperate in any filings to be made with the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. 5.3 Expenses. Except as provided below, the expenses of the registration statement pursuant to Section 5.1, and the state qualifications related thereto pursuant to Section 5.2(d), shall be borne by AMNEX. The expenses of any such registration and qualifications shall include, but not be limited to (a) AMNEX's 16 internal expenses (including, without limitation, all salaries and expenses of its officers and employees performing legal or accounting duties); (b) to the extent not already incurred, the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing on an exchange or inter-dealer quotation system of the Registration Stock; (c) all registration and filing fees (including, without limitation, with respect to filings to be made with the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.); (d) fees and expenses of compliance with securities or blue sky laws (including reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel in connection with blue sky qualifications of the Registration Stock); (e) printing expenses and engraving expenses; (f) fees and disbursements of counsel to AMNEX and customary fees and expenses for independent certified public accountants retained by AMNEX; (g) the reasonable fees and expenses of any special experts retained by AMNEX. However, under no circumstances shall AMNEX be liable or responsible for the fees and expenses of any Selling Stockholder, or of its counsel, incurred in connection with any registration or for underwriting or brokerage discounts and commissions or transfer taxes payable in connection with any sale of the Registration Stock included in a registration statement. 5.4 Indemnification. (a) To the extent permitted by law, AMNEX will indemnify Galesi and each other holder of Registration Stock and each underwriter and selling broker of the securities so registered and each of their respective successors (collectively, "Indemnitees") against all expenses, claims, losses, damages and liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arising out of or based on any untrue statement (or alleged untrue statement) of a material fact contained in any prospectus, offering circular or other document incident to any registration, qualification or compliance (or in any related registration statement, notification or the like) or any omission (or alleged omission) to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances in which they were made, or any violation by AMNEX of any rule or regulation promulgated under the Securities Act and/or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), applicable to AMNEX and relating to action or inaction required of AMNEX in connection with any such registration, qualification or compliance, and will reimburse each such Indemnitee for any legal and any other expenses 17 reasonably incurred in connection with investigating, defending and/or settling any such expense, claim, loss, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that AMNEX will not be liable in any such case to any Indemnitee to the extent that any such expense, claim, loss, damage or liability is caused by any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission so made in conformity with written information furnished to AMNEX by an instrument duly executed by such Indemnitee and stated to be specifically for use therein and except that the foregoing indemnity agreement is subject to the condition that, insofar as it relates to any such untrue statement (or alleged untrue statement) or omission (or alleged omission) made in the preliminary prospectus but eliminated or remedied in the amended prospectus on file with the Commission at the time the registration statement becomes effective or in the amended prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) (the "Final Prospectus"), such indemnity agreement shall not inure to the benefit of an underwriter, or an Indemnitee if there is no underwriter, if a copy of the Final Prospectus was not furnished to the person or entity asserting the loss, liability, claim or damage by such underwriter or Indemnitee at or prior to the time such furnishing is required by the Securities Act; provided further, that this indemnity shall not be deemed to relieve any underwriter of any of its due diligence obligations; and provided further, that the indemnity agreement contained in this section shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such claim, loss, damage, liability or action if such settlement is effected without the consent of AMNEX, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. (b) To the extent permitted by law, Galesi will indemnify AMNEX and its officers and directors and each person, if any, who controls AMNEX within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act and their respective successors against all claims, losses, damages and liabilities or actions in respect thereof arising out of or based on violation of any untrue statement (or alleged untrue statement) of a material fact contained in any prospectus, offering circular or other document incident to any registration, qualification or compliance (or in any related registration statement, notification or the like) or any omission (or alleged omission) to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances in which they were made and will reimburse AMNEX and each other person indemnified 18 pursuant to this paragraph (b) for any legal and any other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with investigating or defending any such claim, loss, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that this paragraph (b) shall apply only if (and only to the extent that) such statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information (including, without limitation, written negative responses to inquiries) furnished to AMNEX by an instrument duly executed by Galesi and stated to be specifically for use in such prospectus, offering circular or other document (or related registration statement, notification or the like) or any amendment or supplement thereto; provided further, that the indemnity agreement contained in this paragraph (b) shall not apply to amounts paid in settlement of any such claim, loss, damage, liability or action if such settlement is effected without the consent of Galesi, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; and provided further, that the obligations of Galesi shall be limited to an amount equal to the proceeds to Galesi of Registration Stock sold, unless such claim, loss, damage, liability or action resulted from Galesi's fraudulent misconduct. (c) Each party entitled to indemnification hereunder (the "indemnified party") shall give notice to the party required to provide indemnification (the "indemnifying party") promptly after such indemnified party has actual knowledge of any claim as to which indemnity may be sought, and shall permit the indemnifying party (at its expense) to assume the defense of any claim or any litigation resulting therefrom, provided that counsel for the indemnifying party, who shall conduct the defense of such claim or litigation, shall be reasonably satisfactory to the indemnified party, and the indemnified party may participate in such defense at such party's expense, and provided further, that the omission by any indemnified party to give notice as provided herein shall not relieve the indemnifying party of its obligations under this Agreement except to the extent that the omission results in a failure of actual notice to the indemnifying party and such indemnifying party is damaged solely as a result of the failure to give notice. No indemnifying party, in the defense of any such claim or litigation, shall, except with the consent of each indemnified party, consent to entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement which does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such indemnified party of a release from all liability in respect to such claim or litigation. 19 (d) The reimbursement required by this Agreement shall be made by periodic payments during the course of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or expenses incurred. (e) If the indemnification provided for in this Agreement is unavailable to an indemnified party in respect of any losses, claims, damages, liabilities or judgments referred to herein, then each indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages, liabilities and judgments as between the indemnifying party on the one hand and the indemnified party on the other, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party and of the indemnified party in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages, liabilities or judgments, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of the indemnified party on the one hand and of the indemnifying party on the other shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by such party, and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Agreement were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages, liabilities or judgments referred to above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, Galesi shall not be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Registration Stock of Galesi were offered to the public exceeds the amount of any damages which Galesi has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. 20 5.5 Obligations of Galesi. As to the registration statement referred to in Section 5.1, Galesi shall provide AMNEX with a written description of the proposed method or methods of distribution of the Registration Stock contemplated by Galesi and such other information as may be required by AMNEX, and AMNEX shall include such description and other information in the registration statement and file any and all amendments and supplements necessary in connection therewith. ARTICLE VI ADDITIONAL COVENANTS 6.1 Certificate of Amendment. As soon as is reasonably practicable following the date hereof, AMNEX will submit to its stockholders for approval a proposed Certificate of Amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation as a result of which there will be a sufficient number of authorized shares of Common Stock available for issuance upon the conversion of the Series L Preferred Stock and any Warrant Preferred Stock into the Conversion Stock, the exercise of the Warrants for the purchase of the Warrant Common Stock, and the exercise of any and all other outstanding purchase, exchange or conversion rights for the acquisition of shares of AMNEX Common Stock (the "Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment"). In the event stockholder approval is not so obtained, AMNEX will submit the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment to its stockholders for approval at subsequent meetings of stockholders of AMNEX. 6.2 Board of Directors. (a) AMNEX hereby represents that its Board of Directors (the "AMNEX Board") has duly elected Galesi as a director of AMNEX to fill a vacancy on the AMNEX Board, such election to be effective upon the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto. (b) Galesi hereby represents that he, as sole shareholder of GTI, or the Board of Directors of GTI (the "GTI Board") has duly elected Peter M. Izzo, Jr. ("Izzo") as a director of GTI to fill a vacancy on the GTI Board, such election to be effective upon the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the parties hereto. Alternatively, at the option of Izzo, he shall be entitled to attend, in a nonvoting observer capacity, meetings of GTI's Board of Directors, participate in discussions of matters 21 brought to the GTI Board, and obtain copies of all notices, minutes, consents, and other material provided to GTI's directors. (c) AMNEX agrees to indemnify Galesi as a director thereof, and GTI and Galesi, jointly and severally, agree to indemnify Izzo as a director of GTI, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. 6.3 Business Arrangements between AMNEX and GTI and TELIT. The parties acknowledge that AMNEX, through various wholly-owned subsidiaries, provides telecommunications services through its switch(es) located in the United States and that GTI and its wholly-owned subsidiary, TELIT/Galesi Telecom International, A.B. ("TELIT"), provide telecommunication services through their switch(es) located in Europe. Each party hereto shall use its reasonable best efforts to utilize the other party's telecommunications network system for the termination of telephone calls in areas served by the other party's switch(es). Additionally, Galesi shall cause TELIT to use its reasonable best efforts under its equipment purchase agreement with Ericsson Telecom, A.B. to provide AMNEX and/or AMNEX Subsidiaries with discounted equipment purchase prices. 6.4 Issuance of Securities. Galesi and GTI, jointly and severally, covenant and agree that, for so long as AMNEX is a shareholder of GTI, GTI will issue its shares of capital stock, as well as securities that are exercisable for the purchase of, exchangeable for or convertible into shares of its capital stock, only for a consideration that is fair and adequate. 6.5 Section 630 Indemnity. Galesi and GTI, jointly and severally, will indemnify AMNEX and hold it harmless against all expenses, claims, losses, damages and liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), and will reimburse AMNEX for any legal and any other expenses reasonably incurred in connection with investigating, defending and/or settling any such expense, claim, loss, damage, liability or action, arising out of or based on AMNEX being allegedly subject to liability under Section 630 as a shareholder of GTI. 22 6.6 Sole International Telecommunications Vehicle. (a) Galesi covenants and agrees that, for so long as AMNEX is a shareholder of GTI, he shall utilize GTI as his sole vehicle with regard to the conduct of international telecommunications business and, accordingly, covenants and agrees that, in the event any business opportunity which relates to international telecommunications is offered to him, either: (i)(A) he shall first offer such opportunity to GTI, for a reasonable period of time, on the same terms and conditions as offered to him, (B) in the event GTI is unwilling or unable to accept such opportunity due to a lack of financing but would otherwise accept such opportunity and, in order for Galesi to accept such opportunity he would need to invest funds, Galesi shall negotiate with GTI, in good faith and on an arm's-length basis, the terms and conditions of an investment of funds by Galesi into GTI for such purpose and (C) in the event GTI is otherwise unwilling or unable to accept such opportunity, Galesi shall offer such opportunity to AMNEX, or its designee, for a reasonable period of time, on the same terms and conditions as offered to him, prior to accepting same (except that, if Izzo, as a director of GTI, shall have voted against GTI accepting such opportunity, then Galesi need not offer the opportunity to AMNEX or its designee); or (ii) in the event he desires to consummate such opportunity without following the foregoing procedures, (A) he shall offer to contribute to GTI the business and/or assets acquired in consideration for (I) the issuance by GTI to him of such securities of GTI as Galesi and GTI shall agree, in good faith and on an arm's-length basis, has a value equal to the consideration paid or payable by Galesi to the third party or (II) the transfer by GTI to him of consideration equal to, and on the same terms as, that paid or payable by Galesi to the third party ((I) or (II) being at the option of GTI) and (B) in the event GTI is unwilling to acquire such business and/or assets, or Galesi and GTI are unable to agree upon the kind or amount of GTI securities to be issued therefor, then Galesi shall offer to AMNEX, or its designee, for a reasonable period of time, the opportunity to acquire such business and/or assets on the same terms and conditions as acquired by Galesi (except that, if Izzo, as a 23 director of GTI, shall have voted against GTI acquiring such business and/or assets, as opposed to being unable to agree upon the kind or amount of GTI securities to be issued therefor, then Galesi need not offer to transfer such business and/or assets to AMNEX or its designee). (b) Galesi represents and warrants that, as of the date hereof, except as set forth on Schedule 6.6, he has no interest in or relationship with any entity, other than GTI, which is engaged or proposes to be engaged in the international telecommunications business and there are no transactions pending or contemplated with regard to any such other entity. 6.7 Lock-up Agreement. Galesi covenants and agrees that, for a period of two (2) years from the date hereof, he will not sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of the Conversion Stock, Warrant Stock or Series L Preferred Stock without the prior written consent of AMNEX. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Galesi may make private transfers of any such securities provided that the transferee agrees in writing with AMNEX to be bound by the provisions of this Section 6.7. 6.8 Tag-along Right. (a) If Galesi shall receive a bona fide written offer from a third party (the "Buyer") to purchase or otherwise transfer for value an aggregate of 50% or more of the issued and outstanding GTI Common Stock, he shall so notify AMNEX (the "Tag Along Notice") and thereupon AMNEX shall have the right to require Galesi, as a condition to his sale of shares of GTI Common Stock to the Buyer, to cause the Buyer to purchase such number of shares of GTI Common Stock held by AMNEX (subject to the limitation in paragraph (b) hereof) as it may designate by written notice ("Notice of Election") delivered to Galesi within twenty (20) days following the date of the Tag Along Notice. Galesi shall notify the Buyer of the requirements of this Section 6.8 and shall transmit a copy of the Notice of Election to the Buyer. The purchase price for the shares of GTI Common Stock designated in AMNEX's Notice of Election shall be equal to the price per share offered by the Buyer for the shares of GTI Common Stock subject to the offer of the Buyer. Such price offered by the Buyer shall be deemed to include any consideration received or to be received, directly or indirectly, by Galesi or any affiliate thereof in addition to the stated purchase price for the shares of GTI Common Stock other than in exchange for good, valuable and fair consideration. 24 (b) In the event the Buyer is unwilling to purchase all of the shares of GTI Common Stock set forth in the Notice of Election, then it shall acquire that number of shares of GTI Common Stock subject to the bona fide written offer (or greater number as the Buyer shall agree) from Galesi and AMNEX according to their pro rata interest, which shall mean the aggregate number of shares of GTI Common Stock to be purchased multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which shall equal the number of shares of GTI Common Stock offered to be purchased by the Buyer (with respect to Galesi) or the number of shares of GTI Common Stock set forth in the Notice of Election (with respect to AMNEX) and the denominator of which shall equal the total number of shares of GTI Common Stock so offered to be purchased or set forth in the Notice of Election. (c) In the event of any sale in violation of the provisions of this Section 6.8, at the election of AMNEX, Galesi shall purchase from AMNEX the number of shares of GTI Common Stock as AMNEX may have designated by its Notice of Election, at the purchase price calculated as set forth herein, and to hold AMNEX harmless from and against any and all costs, expenses, claims, losses, damages and liabilities, together with all reasonable costs and expenses relating thereto (including legal and accounting fees and expenses) arising from any violation of this Section. 6.9 Legends. The certificate representing the Series L Preferred Stock and any certificates issued representing the Conversion Stock and Warrant Stock shall contain a legend to reflect that they are held subject to the provisions of this Article VI. 6.10 Further Assurances. On and after the date hereof, AMNEX Galesi and GTI shall take all such further actions and execute and deliver all such further instruments and documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. 25 ARTICLE VII MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS 7.1 Expenses. Each of the parties shall bear its own expenses in connection herewith. 7.2 Survival. The parties agree that their respective representa tions and warranties contained in this Agreement shall survive the date hereof for a period of two years with the exception of those set forth in Article IV hereof which shall survive for an indefinite duration. 7.3 Publicity. The parties agree that no publicity, release or other public announcement concerning the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be issued by any party without the advance written approval of both the form and substance of the same by AMNEX and Galesi, which approval, in the case of any publicity, release or other public announcement required by applicable law or regulation, shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. The parties agree that this Agreement, including or excluding the schedules attached hereto, as well as a description of the terms thereof, may be filed by AMNEX with the Commission pursuant to the requirements of applicable law or regulation. 7.4 Entire Agreement. This Agreement, including the schedules attached hereto, which are a part hereof, constitutes the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof. No change, modification, amendment, addition or termination of this Agreement or any part thereof shall be valid unless in writing and signed by AMNEX and Galesi. 7.5 Injunctive Relief. Galesi agrees that money damages would not be a sufficient remedy for any breach of the restrictions of Section 6.6 hereof, and that, without the necessity of proving damages and in addition to all other available rights and remedies, AMNEX shall be entitled to specific performance and injunctive or other equitable relief as a remedy for any such breach or threatened breach, and Galesi further agrees to waive any requirements for the securing or posting of any bond in connection with such remedy. 26 7.6 Notices. Any and all notices or other communications or deliveries required or permitted to be given or made pursuant to any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to have been duly given or made for all purposes when hand delivered or sent by telecopier (subject to confirmation of receipt) or shall be deemed to have been given on the next business day when sent by overnight courier (subject to confirmation of receipt) or on the third business day next following when sent by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested and postage prepaid, as follows: If to AMNEX at: AMNEX, Inc. 101 Park Avenue Suite 2507 New York, NY 10178 Attention: Chairman of the Board Telecopier Number: (212) 867-0092 with a copy to: Certilman Balin Adler & Hyman, LLP 90 Merrick Avenue East Meadow, New York 11554 Attention: Fred Skolnik, Esq. Telecopier Number: (516) 296-7111 If to Galesi, at: Galesi Group Rotterdam Industrial Park Westcott Road / Building 6 Schnectady, New York 12306 Telecopier Number: (518) 356-5334 with a copy to: Steven Porter, Esq. Galesi Group Rotterdam Industrial Park Westcott Road / Building 6 Schnectady, New York 12306 Telecopier Number: (518) 356-5334 27 or at such other address as any party or person shall designate by notice to the other parties in accordance with the provisions hereof. 7.7 Choice of Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and interpreted and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, excluding choice of law principles thereof. 7.8 Severability. In the event any clause, section or part of this Agreement shall be held or declared to be void, illegal or invalid for any reason, all other clauses, sections or parts of this Agreement which can be effected without such void, illegal or invalid clause, section or part shall nevertheless continue in full force and effect. 7.9 Successors and Assigns; Assignment. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective heirs, legal representatives, successors and permitted assigns; provided, however, that no party may assign this Agreement or any portion thereof without the prior written consent of Galesi and AMNEX. 7.10 Headings. The headings or captions in this Agreement are for convenience and reference only and do not in any way modify, interpret or construe the intent of the parties or affect any of the provisions of this Agreement. 7.11 Facsimile Signatures. Signatures transmitted by telecopier shall be deemed original signatures. 7.12 Counterpart Signatures. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. [Remainder of page intentionally left blank] 28 WITNESS the execution of this Agreement as of the date first above written. AMNEX, INC. By: /s/ /s/ Francesco Galesi Agreed to: GALESI TELECOM INTERNATIONAL, INC. By: /s/ K:\WPDOC\CORP\AMNEX\GALESI\STOCKEX4.D96 29 EX-10.20 19 GALESI WARRANT VOID AFTER 5:00 P.M., NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON JANUARY 7, 2002. NEITHER THIS WARRANT NOR THE WARRANT STOCK (AS HEREINAFTER DEFINED) HAVE BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE "ACT"). THIS WARRANT AND THE WARRANT STOCK MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE ACT. THIS LEGEND SHALL BE ENDORSED UPON ANY WARRANT ISSUED IN EXCHANGE FOR THIS WARRANT. AMNEX, INC. (Incorporated under the laws of the State of New York) Warrant January 7, 1997 FOR VALUE RECEIVED, AMNEX, INC., a New York corporation (the "Company"), hereby certifies that, in consideration of the entering into by FRANCESCO GALESI (the "Holder") of a certain Stock Exchange Agreement of even date with the Company (the "Agreement"), and the agreement of Galesi Telecom International, Inc. with regard thereto, the Holder is entitled, subject to the provisions of this Warrant, to purchase from the Company, during the period expiring at 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on January 7, 2002, the following: (a) prior to the filing with the Secretary of State of New York of the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment (as defined in the Agreement), up to ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND (100,000) SERIES L PREFERRED SHARES of the Company (the "Series L Preferred Shares") at a price of FORTY-FIVE DOLLARS AND FORTY-FIVE CENTS ($45.45) per Series L Preferred Share (the "Series L Preferred Exercise Price") and (b) on or after the filing with the Secretary of State of New York of the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment, up to ONE MILLION FIVE HUNDRED THOUSAND (1,500,000) COMMON SHARES of the Company (the "Common Shares") at a price of THREE DOLLARS AND THREE CENTS ($3.03) per Common Share (the "Common Exercise Price" and collectively with the Series L Preferred Exercise Price, the "Exercise Price"). The number of Series L Preferred Shares or Common Shares, as the case may be, to be received upon the exercise of this Warrant may be adjusted from time to time as hereinafter set forth. The Series L Preferred Shares or Common Shares deliverable upon such exercise, and as adjusted from time to time, are hereinafter sometimes referred to as "Warrant Stock". 1 The Holder, by his acceptance hereof, agrees with the Company that this Warrant is issued, and all the rights hereunder shall be held subject to, all of the conditions, limitations and provisions set forth herein. 1. Exercise of Warrant. (a) This Warrant may be exercised by its presentation and surrender to the Company at its principal office, by 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on January 7, 2002, with the Warrant Exercise Form attached hereto duly executed and accompanied by payment (either in cash or by certified or official bank check, payable to the order of the Company) of the Exercise Price for the number of shares specified in such Form. If this Warrant should be exercised in part only, the Company shall, upon surrender of this Warrant for cancellation, execute and deliver a new Warrant evidencing the rights of the Holder thereof to purchase the balance of the shares purchasable hereunder. (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, but subject to the provisions of applicable law and regulations, including, without limitation, those relating to margin requirements, the Exercise Price may be paid concurrently with the sale of the Warrant Stock in a "cashless exercise" transaction. (c) Notwithstanding the foregoing but subject to compliance by Galesi with the terms of the Agreement, this Warrant may be exchanged for the Series L Preferred Shares or the Common Shares, as the case may be, without the payment of the Exercise Price provided for in paragraph (a) hereof, in the event, during any continuous six (6) calendar month period commencing with January 1, 1997 and ending on December 31, 1999, the consolidated revenues from operations of GTI, calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied, equal or exceed twelve million five hundred thousand dollars ($12,500,000). 2. Reservation of Shares. The Company will at all times reserve for issuance and delivery upon exercise of this Warrant all Series L Preferred Shares or Common Shares, as the case may be, or other shares of capital stock of the Company (and other securities and property) from time to time receivable upon exercise of this Warrant, it being understood that no Common Shares need be reserved for issuance unless and until the Increased Authorized Capital Certificate of Amendment is filed with the Secretary of State of New York. 2 3. Fractional Shares. The Company shall not be required to issue certificates representing fractions of Series L Preferred Shares or Common Shares, nor shall it be required to issue scrip or pay cash in lieu of fractional interests, it being the intent of the Company and the Holder that all fractional interests shall be eliminated. 4. Exchange or Assignment of Warrant. This Warrant is exchangeable, without expense, at the option of the Holder, upon presentation and surrender hereof to the Company for other Warrants of different denominations, entitling the Holder to purchase in the aggregate the same number of Series L Preferred Shares or Common Shares purchasable hereunder. Subject to the provisions of this Warrant and the receipt by the Company of any required representations and agreements, upon surrender of this Warrant to the Company with the Warrant Assignment Form annexed hereto duly executed and funds sufficient to pay any transfer tax, the Company shall, without additional charge, execute and deliver a new Warrant in the name of the assignee named in such instrument of assignment and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. 5. Rights of the Holder. The Holder shall not, by virtue hereof, be entitled to any rights of a shareholder of the Company, either at law or in equity, and the rights of the Holder are limited to those expressed in this Warrant. 6. Anti-Dilution Provisions. 6.1 Adjustments for Stock Dividends; Combinations, Etc. (a) In case the Company shall do any of the following (a "Series L Preferred Event"): 3 (i) declare a dividend or other distribution on its Series L Preferred Shares payable in Series L Preferred Shares of the Company, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Series L Preferred Shares pursuant to a stock split or otherwise, (iii) combine the outstanding Series L Preferred Shares into a smaller number of shares pursuant to a reverse split or otherwise, or (iv) reclassify its Series L Preferred Shares, then the Series L Preferred Exercise Price in effect at the time of the record date for such dividend or other distribution or of the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification shall be changed to a price determined by dividing (a) the product of the number of Series L Preferred Shares outstanding immediately prior to such Series L Preferred Event, multiplied by the Series L Preferred Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Series L Preferred Event by (b) the number of Series L Preferred Shares outstanding immediately after such Series L Preferred Event. Each such adjustment of the Series L Preferred Exercise Price shall be calculated to the nearest cent. No such adjustment shall be made in an amount less than one cent ($.01), but any such amount shall be carried forward and shall be given effect in connection with the next subsequent adjustment. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever any Series L Preferred Event listed above shall occur. (b) In case the Company shall do any of the following (a "Common Event"): (i) declare a dividend or other distribution on its Common Shares payable in Common Shares of the Company, (ii) subdivide the outstanding Common Shares pursuant to a stock split or otherwise, 4 (iii) combine the outstanding Common Shares into a smaller number of shares pursuant to a reverse split or otherwise, or (iv) reclassify its Common Shares, then the Common Exercise Price in effect at the time of the record date for such dividend or other distribution or of the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification shall be changed to a price determined by dividing (a) the product of the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately prior to such Common Event, multiplied by the Common Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Common Event by (b) the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately after such Common Event. Each such adjustment of the Common Exercise Price shall be calculated to the nearest cent. No such adjustment shall be made in an amount less than one cent ($.01), but any such amount shall be carried forward and shall be given effect in connection with the next subsequent adjustment. Such adjustment shall be made successively whenever any Common Event listed above shall occur. (c) Whenever the Exercise Price is adjusted as set forth in Section 6.1 (whether or not the Company then or thereafter elects to issue additional Warrants in substitution for an adjustment in the number of shares of Warrant Stock), the number of shares of Warrant Stock specified in each Warrant which the Holder may purchase shall be adjusted, to the nearest full share, by multiplying such number of Series L Preferred Shares or Common Shares, as the case may be, immediately prior to such adjustment by a fraction, of which the numerator shall be the Series L Preferred Exercise Price or Common Exercise Price, as the case may be, immediately prior to such adjustment and the denominator shall be the Series L Preferred Exercise Price or Common Exercise Price, as the case may be, immediately thereafter. 6.2 Adjustment for Reorganization, Consolidation or Merger. In case of any reorganization of the Company (or any other corporation, the securities of which are at the time receivable on the exercise of this Warrant) after the date hereof or in case after such date the Company (or any such other corporation) shall consolidate with or merge with or into another corporation, then, and in each such case, the Holder of this Warrant upon the exercise thereof as provided in Section l at any time after the consummation 5 of such reorganization, consolidation or merger, shall be entitled to receive, in lieu of the securities and property receivable upon the exercise of this Warrant prior to such consummation, the securities or property to which such Holder would have been entitled upon such consummation if such Holder had exercised this Warrant immediately prior thereto, all subject to further adjustment as provided in Section 6.l; in each such case, the terms of this Warrant shall be applicable to the securities or property receivable upon the exercise of this Warrant after such consummation. 7. Restrictions on Exercise; Registration Rights. 7.1 Investment Intent. Unless, prior to the exercise of the Warrant, the issuance of the Warrant Stock has been registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Act, the notice of exercise shall be accompanied by a representation of the Holder to the Company to the effect that such shares are being acquired for investment and not with a view to the distribution thereof, and such other documentation as may be required by the Company, unless in the opinion of counsel to the Company such representation or other documentation is not necessary to comply with such Act. 7.2 Listing; Qualification. The Company shall not be obligated to deliver any shares of Warrant Stock until they have been listed on each securities exchange or other self-regulatory body on which the Company's Series L Preferred Shares or Common Shares, as the case may be, may then be listed or until there has been qualification under or compliance with such federal or state laws, rules or regulations as the Company may deem applicable, including, without limitation, compliance with Rule 10b-17 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company shall use reasonable efforts to obtain such listing, qualification and compliance. 7.3 Registration Rights. The Holder shall have certain registration rights with regard to the Warrant Stock as provided for in the Agreement. 8. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Warrants. In the event that the Holder notifies the Company that this Warrant has been lost, stolen or destroyed and provides (a) a letter, in form satisfactory to the Company, to the effect that he will indemnify the Company from any loss incurred by it in connection therewith, and/or (b) an indemnity bond in such amount as is reasonably required by the Company, the Company having the option of electing either (a) or (b) or both, the Company may, in its sole discretion, accept such letter and/or indemnity bond in lieu of the surrender of this Warrant as required by Section 1 hereof. 6 9. Applicable Law. This Warrant is issued under, and shall for all purposes be governed by and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, excluding choice of law principles thereof. 7 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be signed on its behalf, in its corporate name, by its duly authorized officer, all as of the day and year first above written. AMNEX, INC. By: /s/ Kenneth G. Baritz Chairman of the Board AMNEX, INC. WARRANT EXERCISE FORM The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the within Warrant dated January 7, 1997 to the extent of purchasing of the securities of AMNEX, Inc. indicated below. The undersigned hereby makes a payment of $ in payment therefor. Check applicable line: Name of Holder Series L Preferred Shares __ Common Shares __ Signature of Holder or Authorized Representative Signature, if jointly held Name and Title of Authorized Representative Address of Holder Date AMNEX, INC. WARRANT ASSIGNMENT FORM FOR VALUE RECEIVED, hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto Name (Please typewrite or print name of assignee in block letters) Address the right to purchase Series L Preferred Shares or Common Shares, as the case may be, of AMNEX, Inc. represented by this Warrant dated January 7, 1997 to the extent of Series L Preferred Shares or ____ Common Shares, as the case may be, and does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint________ attorney to transfer the same on the books of the Company with full power of substitution in the premises. Name of Holder Signature of Holder or Authorized Representative Signature, if jointly held Name and Title of Authorized Representative Date Signature(s) guaranteed: K:\WPDOC\CORP\AMNEX\GALESI\WARRANT3.D96 EX-10.21 20 FRIEDLI AGREEMENT AGREEMENT, dated as of January 13, 1997, by and among AMNEX, INC. (the "Company"), FRIEDLI CORPORATE FINANCE AG ("Friedli AG"), FRIEDLI CORPORATE FINANCE INC. ("Friedli Inc."), and PETER FRIEDLI ("Friedli" and collectively with Friedli AG and Friedli Inc., the "Friedli Group"). ------------------- WHEREAS, Spring Technology Corp. ("Spring") is the holder of a certain promissory note of the Company, dated March 8, 1993, in the principal amount of four hundred fifty thousand dollars ($450,000) (the "Spring Note"). WHEREAS, Cofinvest 97 Ltd. ("Cofinvest" and collectively with Spring, the "1993 Noteholders") is the holder of a certain promissory note of the Company, dated July 13, 1993, in the principal amount of fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) (the "Cofinvest Note" and collectively with the Spring Note, the "1993 Notes"). WHEREAS, the 1993 Notes provide for the payment of interest on the principal amount thereof at the rate of ten percent (10%) per annum, such interest being originally payable from the following dates: (i) with respect to the Spring Note, (a) from February 22, 1993 with respect to the principal amount of seventy thousand dollars ($70,000); (b) from February 23, 1993 with respect to the principal amount of ninety-six thousand dollars ($96,000) and (c) from March 8, 1993 with respect to the principal amount of two hundred eighty-four thousand dollars ($284,000); and (ii) with respect to the Cofinvest Note, from November 18, 1992. WHEREAS, the principal amount of the 1993 Notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, is convertible into Common Shares of the Company at a conversion price of twenty cents ($.20) per share (the "1993 Note Conversion Rate"). WHEREAS, Logitech Corp. ("Logitech" and collectively with the 1993 Noteholders, the "Noteholders") is the holder of a certain promissory note of the Company, dated May 1, 1995, in the principal amount of three hundred twenty-five thousand dollars ($325,000) (the "Logitech Note" and collectively with the 1993 Notes, the "Notes"). WHEREAS, the Logitech Note provides for the payment of interest on the principal amount thereof at the rate of eight percent (8%) per annum. WHEREAS, the principal amount of the Logitech Note, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, is convertible into Common Shares of the Company at a conversion price of two dollars eighty-one and one-quarter cents ($2.8125) per share (the "Logitech Note Conversion Rate"). WHEREAS, subject to the terms hereof, the Friedli Group has agreed to use its best efforts to cause the 1993 Noteholders to convert the principal amounts of the 1993 Notes, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, into Common Shares of the Company at the 1993 Note Conversion Rate. WHEREAS, subject to the terms hereof, the Friedli Group has agreed to use its best efforts to cause Logitech to convert seventy-five percent (75%) of the principal amount of the Logitech Note, together with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, into Common Shares of the Company at the Logitech Note Conversion Rate. WHEREAS, there are currently outstanding 72,450 Series B Preferred Shares of the Company, 1,413,337 Series D Preferred Shares of the Company and 1,035,000 Series E Preferred Shares of the Company. WHEREAS, each Series B Preferred Share is convertible into ten (10) Common Shares of the Company (the "Series B Conversion Rate"). WHEREAS, each Series D Preferred Share is convertible into one (1) Common Share of the Company (the "Series D Conversion Rate"). WHEREAS, each Series E Preferred Share is convertible into one (1) Common Share of the Company (the "Series E Conversion Rate"). WHEREAS, subject to the terms hereof, the Friedli Group has agreed to use its best efforts to cause the holders of at least seventy-five percent (75%) of each of the outstanding Series B Preferred Shares (the "Series B Holders"), Series D Preferred Shares (the "Series D Holders") and Series E Preferred Shares (the "Series E Holders" and collectively with the Series B Holders, and the Series D Holders, the "Preferred Holders" and collectively further with the Noteholders, the "Converting Holders") to convert their respective Preferred Shares (the "Preferred Shares" and collectively with the Notes, the "Converting Securities") into Common Shares at the Series B Conversion Rate, Series D Conversion Rate or Series E Conversion Rate, as the case may be. WHEREAS, no party to this Agreement will receive, directly or indirectly, any commission or other remuneration for soliciting the conversions or exchanges contemplated hereby. WHEREAS, subject to the terms hereof, the Friedli Group has agreed to use its best efforts to cause (i) the Converting Holders to sell the Underlying Shares (as hereinafter defined) and (ii) the holders of such number of Common Shares of the Company (the "Common Holders" and collectively with the Converting Holders, the "Holders") which, when added to the aggregate number of Underlying Shares, equals nine million (9,000,000) Common Shares (the "Subject Common Shares" and collectively with the Underlying Shares, the "Shares") to sell such Subject Common Shares, in each case in accordance with the provisions hereof. WHEREAS, subject to the terms hereof, the Company and the Friedli Group are willing to settle a dispute between them with regard to a certain consulting fee claimed to be payable by the Company to Friedli AG. 2 WHEREAS, subject to the terms hereof, the Company has agreed to make a payment to the Preferred Holders in lieu of a cash dividend with respect to the Series B, Series D and Series E Preferred Shares of the Company. WHEREAS, subject to the terms hereof, the Company has agreed to offer to exchange Series K Preferred Shares of the Company for the Company's outstanding Series F Preferred Shares. WHEREAS, subject to the terms hereof, the Company has agreed to redeem certain outstanding promissory notes of the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $1,400,000. WHEREAS, each representation, warranty and agreement of the Friedli Group in this Agreement shall be the joint and several representation, warranty and agreement of Friedli AG, Friedli Inc. and Friedli and each reference herein to the Friedli Group shall be deemed to refer to each of Friedli AG, Friedli Inc. and Friedli. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, the parties hereto have agreed, and do hereby agree, as follows: 1. Recitals. Each of the parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that each of the above recitals is true and that each has relied upon the accuracy thereof in entering into this Agreement. 2. Conversion of 1993 Notes. Promptly following the execution of this Agreement, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each of Spring and Cofinvest to execute and deliver to the Company an irrevocable election to convert, in the form of Exhibit A attached hereto, the principal amount of its respective 1993 Note, together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon through the day immediately preceding the date hereof, into two million eight hundred twenty thousand five hundred seventy-five (2,820,575) and three hundred fifty-three thousand eight hundred nineteen (353,819) Common Shares of the Company, respectively (collectively, the "Underlying 1993 Note Shares"), which election shall be subject to the terms hereof. In addition, concurrently therewith, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause Spring and Cofinvest to deliver to the Company their respective original 1993 Notes for cancellation, subject to the terms hereof. 3. Conversion of Logitech Note. Promptly following the execution of this Agreement, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause Logitech to execute and deliver to the Company an irrevocable election to convert, in the form of Exhibit B attached hereto, seventy-five percent (75%) of the principal amount of the Logitech Note, together with all accrued and unpaid interest thereon through the day immediately preceding the date hereof, into ninety-eight thousand four hundred eighty (98,480) Common Shares of the Company (collectively, the 3 "Underlying Logitech Note Shares"), which election shall be subject to the terms hereof. In addition, concurrently therewith, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause Logitech to deliver to the Company the original Logitech Note for notation as to such conversion, subject to the terms hereof. 4. Conversion of Series B Preferred Shares. Promptly following the execution of this Agreement, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Series B Holder to execute and deliver to the Company an irrevocable election to convert, in the form of Exhibit C attached hereto, each of its respective Series B Preferred Shares that are contemplated to be converted into Common Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms hereof (the "Converting Series B Preferred Shares") into ten (10) Common Shares of the Company (collectively, the "Underlying Series B Shares"), which election shall be subject to the terms hereof. In addition, concurrently therewith, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Series B Holder to deliver to the Company its stock certificate(s) representing the Converting Series B Preferred Shares for cancellation, subject to the terms hereof. 5. Conversion of Series D Preferred Shares. (a) Promptly following the execution of this Agreement, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Series D Holder that is a Permitted Holder (as hereinafter defined) (a "Series D Permitted Holder") to execute and deliver to the Company an irrevocable election to convert, in the form of Exhibit D-1 attached hereto, each of its respective Series D Preferred Shares that are contemplated to be converted into Common Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms hereof (the "Converting Series D Preferred Shares") into one (1) Common Share of the Company (collectively, the "Underlying Series D Shares"), which election shall be subject to the terms hereof. In addition, concurrently therewith, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Series D Permitted Holder to deliver to the Company its stock certificate(s) representing the Converting Series D Preferred Shares for cancellation, subject to the terms hereof. (b) Promptly following the receipt by any member of the Friedli Group and a Series D Holder that is a Remaining Holder (as hereinafter defined) (a "Series D Remaining Holder") of a Sell Request (as hereinafter defined), as provided for in Section 8(c) hereof, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each such Series D Remaining Holder to execute and deliver to the Company, promptly by telecopier transmission and overnight mail or courier service, an irrevocable election to convert, in the form of Exhibit D-2 attached hereto, each of its respective Converting Series D Preferred Shares into Underlying Series D Shares, which election shall be subject to, and shall be treated by the Company as subject to, the terms hereof (notwithstanding anything expressly or implicitly to the contrary therein or the absence therein of any express condition that such election is subject to the terms of this Agreement). In addition, concurrently therewith, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Series D Remaining Holder to deliver to the Company, immediately by overnight mail or courier service, its stock certificate(s) representing the Converting Series D Preferred Shares for cancellation, subject to the terms hereof. 4 6. Conversion of Series E Preferred Shares. (a) Promptly following the execution of this Agreement, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Series E Holder that is a Permitted Holder (a "Series E Permitted Holder") to execute and deliver to the Company an irrevocable election to convert, in the form of Exhibit E-1 attached hereto, each of its respective Series E Preferred Shares that are contemplated to be converted into Common Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms hereof (the "Converting Series E Preferred Shares") into one (1) Common Share of the Company (collectively, the "Underlying Series E Shares" and collectively further with the Underlying Series B Shares, the Underlying Series D Shares, the Underlying 1993 Note Shares and the Underlying Logitech Note Shares, the "Underlying Shares"), which election shall be subject to the terms hereof. In addition, concurrently therewith, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Series E Permitted Holder to deliver to the Company its stock certificate(s) representing the Converting Series E Preferred Shares for cancellation, subject to the terms hereof. (b) Promptly following the receipt by any member of the Friedli Group and a Series E Holder that is a Remaining Holder (a "Series E Remaining Holder") of a Sell Request, as provided for in Section 8(c) hereof, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each such Series E Remaining Holder to execute and deliver to the Company, promptly by telecopier transmission and overnight mail or courier service, an irrevocable election to convert, in the form of Exhibit E-2 attached hereto, each of its respective Converting Series E Preferred Shares into Underlying Series E Shares, which election shall be subject to, and shall be treated by the Company as subject to, the terms hereof (notwithstanding anything expressly or implicitly to the contrary therein or the absence therein of any express condition that such election is subject to the terms of this Agreement). In addition, concurrently therewith, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Series E Remaining Holder to deliver to the Company, immediately by overnight mail or courier service, its stock certificate(s) representing the Converting Series E Preferred Shares for cancellation, subject to the terms hereof. 7. Effectiveness of Conversions; Delivery of Underlying Shares; Additional Common Shares Issuable. (a) The parties acknowledge and agree (on which agreement each Holder shall be entitled specifically to rely and which agreement is intended specifically for the benefit of the Holders (the specificity of the foregoing not being intended to limit, and being without prejudice to, the Holders' rights to rely on all other provisions of this Agreement and to receive the benefits thereof)) that the elections to convert the Converting Securities into Underlying Shares, as provided for in Sections 2 through 6 hereof (collectively, the "Conversions"), with respect to any principal amount of any particular Note or any particular number of Preferred Shares, shall only become effective immediately prior to the settlement of, and shall only result in the holder's entitlement to receive the Underlying Shares to the extent of, the sale of the respective Underlying Shares pursuant to the provisions of Section 9 hereof; provided, however, that a particular Conversion shall become effective earlier in the event the holder of the Converting Security advises the Company in writing 5 that the Conversion is to become effective notwithstanding that the Underlying Shares with respect thereto have not been sold (the "Conversion Notice"). In such event, the Conversion shall become effective upon the date the Company receives the Conversion Notice. (b) The parties acknowledge and agree that, during the Sale Period (as hereinafter defined), the certificates representing the Underlying Shares are to be delivered directly to the Broker-Dealer(s) (as hereinafter defined), or its designee, for sale and/or delivery as contemplated by Section 9 hereof. (c) The parties acknowledge and agree further that, notwithstanding that, in determining the number of Underlying Shares issuable upon Conversion of the Notes, interest is calculated through the day immediately preceding the date hereof, upon the effectiveness of any Conversion of the Notes, additional validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable Common Shares (the "Additional Common Shares") shall be issuable to the Holder thereof to give effect to the Conversion of accrued interest from the date hereof through the day immediately preceding the effective date of Conversion. 8. Establishment of Brokerage Accounts; Delivery of Instruments and Documents. (a) Promptly following the Designation Time (as hereinafter defined), the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause all of the Noteholders, Series B Holders and Common Holders, as well as Spring, Cofinvest, Logitech, Joyce Ltd. and Eagle Growth Ltd. (collectively, the "Principal Holders") with regard to any and all Converting Series D Preferred Shares and Converting Series E Preferred Shares held of record by them (the Noteholders, Series B Holders, Common Holders and Principal Holders being collectively referred to as the "Permitted Holders"), to establish one or more brokerage accounts (the "Accounts") with one or more broker-dealers designated by the Company (the "Permitted Holder Broker-Dealers") (the Friedli Group acknowledging and agreeing that the number of Shares which are held by or issuable upon Conversion to the Permitted Holders, and which shall be subject to the provisions of this Section 8(a), shall not be less than five million (5,000,000) Shares) and shall use its best efforts to cause the Permitted Holders to deliver to the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s) the following (the "Required Permitted Holder Instruments"): (i) unlegended certificates representing the Subject Common Shares held by the Permitted Holders and (ii) duly executed stock powers, with signatures medallion guaranteed, covering the transfer of the Shares held by or issuable upon Conversion to the Permitted Holders (the "Permitted Shares"). The name(s) and address(es) of the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s) shall be set forth in a writing (the "Broker-Dealer Designation") executed and delivered by the Company by telecopier transmission to Friedli AG by 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the seventh day following the date hereof (the "Designation Time"). The Company agrees to cooperate with the Friedli Group in connection with the removal of any legends on the certificates representing the Subject Common Shares. 6 (b) Concurrently, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause the Permitted Holders to deliver to (i) the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s) such duly executed and certified corporate resolutions and other instruments and documentation, with signatures medallion guaranteed, as are required by the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s) in connection with the establishment of the Accounts and to permit the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s) to purchase the Permitted Shares for their account, or sell the Permitted Shares on behalf of the Permitted Holders, during the Sale Period in accordance with the provisions of Section 9 hereof and (ii) the Company's transfer agent, namely Jersey Transfer & Trust Co., the address of which is 201 Bloomfield Avenue, P.O. Box 36, Verona, New Jersey 07044, Fax (201) 239-2361 (the "Transfer Agent") such duly executed and certified corporate resolutions, with signatures medallion guaranteed, as are required by the Transfer Agent to permit the transfer of the Permitted Shares ((i) and (ii) being collectively referred to as the "Required Permitted Holder Documents"). (c) Promptly following the receipt from time to time during the Sale Period (as hereinafter defined) by any member of the Friedli Group and any Holder other than a Permitted Holder (such Holders being referred to collectively as the "Remaining Holders") of a request from one or more broker-dealers designated by the Company (the "Remaining Holder Broker-Dealers" and collectively with the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealers, the "Broker-Dealers") that such Remaining Holder sell any or all of its Shares (the Shares of all Remaining Holders being collectively referred to as the "Remaining Shares") in a manner consistent with the provisions of Section 9 hereof (a "Sell Request"), the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each such Remaining Holder to deliver to the Remaining Holder Broker-Dealer(s), promptly by facsimile transmission and by overnight mail or courier service, the following: (i) an order to sell the subject Remaining Shares or other document in lieu thereof required by the Remaining Holder Broker- Dealer to indicate the Remaining Holder's agreement to sell the subject Remaining Shares consistent with the Sell Request (a "Remaining Holder Sell Order"), (ii) unlegended certificates representing any and all Subject Common Shares held by the Remaining Holders that would be required to be delivered pursuant to the Remaining Holder Sell Order and (iii) duly executed stock powers, with signatures medallion guaranteed, covering the transfer of any and all Remaining Shares held by or issuable upon Conversion to the Remaining Holder that would be required to be delivered pursuant to the Remaining Holder Sell Order ((i), (ii) and (iii) being referred to as the "Required Remaining Holder Instruments" and collectively with the Required Permitted Holder Instruments, as the "Required Instruments"). The name(s) and address(es) of the Remaining Holder Broker-Dealer(s) shall be set forth in a writing (the "Additional Designation") executed and delivered by the Company by telecopier transmission to Friedli AG prior to the receipt by any member of the Friedli Group or the Remaining Holders of the initial Sell Request. (d) Concurrently, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause the Remaining Holders to deliver to (i) the Remaining Holder Broker-Dealer(s), concurrently with their placing a Remaining Holder Sell Order, by facsimile transmission and overnight mail or courier service, such other duly executed and certified corporate resolutions and other instruments and documentation, with signatures medallion guaranteed, as are required by the Remaining Holder Broker-Dealer(s) to permit them to purchase the Remaining Shares for their account, or to permit 7 a designee of the Remaining Holder Broker-Dealer(s) to purchase the Remaining Shares, during the Sale Period in accordance with the provisions of Section 9 hereof and (ii) the Company's Transfer Agent, promptly by facsimile transmission and overnight mail or courier, such duly executed and certified corporate resolutions, with signatures medallion guaranteed, as are required to permit the transfer of the Remaining Shares ((i) and (ii) being referred to as the "Required Remaining Holder Documents" and collectively with the Required Permitted Holder Documents, as the "Required Documents"). (e) The parties agree that the Broker-Dealer Designation shall provide for, in addition to the name(s) and address(es) of the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s), the minimum number of separate accounts to be established by the Permitted Holders with each Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer, and the number of Permitted Shares to be offered for sale to or through each Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer. (f) The Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause the Holders to advise the Broker-Dealers to deliver to the Company copies of all Required Instruments and all Required Documents executed and/or delivered by the Holders to the Broker-Dealers (the "Instrument/Document Delivery Instructions") (such advice, with regard to the Remaining Holders, to be given concurrently with the delivery of the Required Remaining Holder Instruments and Required Remaining Holder Documents). 9. Sale of Shares; Proceeds. (a) The Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Permitted Holder, concurrently with its delivery of the Required Permitted Holder Instruments and Required Permitted Holder Documents to the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s), to place an order to sell the Permitted Shares, to or through the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s) (the "Permitted Holder Sell Orders" and collectively with the Remaining Holder Sell Orders, the "Sell Orders"), as expeditiously as possible, subject to the order of priority set forth in Section 9(c) hereof and the other terms set forth in this Section 9. In addition, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each Remaining Holder, from time to time during the Sale Period, to sell, to or through the Remaining Holder Broker Dealer(s), the Remaining Shares in a manner consistent with the provisions of Section 8(c) hereof. In no event shall the Holders be required to accept a price of less than three dollars fifty cents ($3.50) per Share, net (the "Minimum Price"); however, if a price in excess of the Minimum Price is offered to the Holders by the Broker-Dealer(s), directly or indirectly, for the purchase of their Shares, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause the Holders to accept the highest price so offered. The Friedli Group agrees with the Company that, in consideration for the Company's agreement to repurchase, as provided for in Section 10 hereof, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which the Friedli Group acknowledges, the Company shall be entitled to receive and retain any and all net sales proceeds per Share in excess of the Minimum Price. The Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause the Holders to advise the 8 Broker-Dealer(s) to pay directly to the Company any and all such excess proceeds (the "Excess Proceeds Instructions") and to deliver to the Company copies of the Excess Proceeds Instructions and all confirmations of orders to sell, and confirmations of sales of, the Shares (the "Proceeds/Confirmation Delivery Instructions") (such advice, with regard to the Remaining Holders, to be given concurrently with the delivery of the Required Remaining Holder Instruments and Required Remaining Holder Documents). (b) The Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause the Permitted Holders to maintain the Permitted Holder Sell Orders in effect until at least the earlier of (the "Sale Period") (i) the repurchase of the particular Permitted Shares pursuant to the provisions of Section 10 hereof or (ii) one hundred twenty (120) days following the later of the date (A) all Required Permitted Holder Instruments and all Required Permitted Holder Documents are delivered to the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s), (B) all documents and instruments required to be delivered by the Permitted Holders to the Company in accordance with the provisions of Sections 2 through 4, 5(a) and 6(a) hereof are so delivered, (C) all of the Permitted Holder Sell Orders are placed, (D) the Instrument/Document Delivery Instructions are given by the Permitted Holders to the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s), (E) the letters in the forms of Exhibits F-1, F-2 and F-3 attached hereto (the "Holder Letters") are executed and delivered by the Holders to the Company, (F) the Excess Proceeds Instructions are given by the Permitted Holders to the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s), (G) the Proceeds/Confirmation Delivery Instructions are given by the Permitted Holders to the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s) and (H) the Principal Holder Releases (as hereinafter defined) are executed and delivered to the Escrow Agent (as hereinafter defined)((A) through (H) being referred to collectively as the "Holder Documents"). (c) The parties agree, and the Friedli Group shall so advise the Holders prior to their delivery of any executed Holder Documents, and the Company shall advise the Broker- Dealers, that sales of the Shares shall be made in the following order of priority: (i) the Subject Common Shares, (ii) the Underlying 1993 Note Shares, (iii) the Underlying Logitech Note Shares, (iv) the Underlying Series E Shares, (v) the Underlying Series B Shares and (vi) the Underlying Series D Shares, or as otherwise agreed in writing between the Company and Friedli. The Company agrees that it will not issue any Underlying Shares pursuant to any Conversion made under this Agreement unless, to its knowledge, based upon its receipt of confirmations of sales of Shares, all Shares of a higher priority have been sold. 10. Repurchase of Securities. (a) In the event any of the Underlying Shares are not sold within the Sale Period, the Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause the Converting Holders to sell to the Company, and, subject to the conditions set forth below, the Company agrees to repurchase from the Converting Holders, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, any and all Converting Securities which were not converted into Underlying Shares (the "Repurchase Securities") at a purchase price (the "Repurchase Price") equal to the number of Underlying Shares that would have been issued upon Conversion multiplied by three dollars fifty cents ($3.50) per Share (the "Repurchases"). The Repurchase Price shall be payable in cash, certified check or wire transfer to 9 an account designated by the particular Converting Holder at least two (2) days in advance of the Repurchase Closing Date (as hereinafter defined). In the event the Company is unable to repurchase all of the Repurchase Securities, subject to the conditions hereof, it shall repurchase such of the Repurchase Securities permitted by applicable law in the order of priority set forth in Section 9(c) hereof. (b) The obligation of the Company to repurchase any and all Repurchase Securities is subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions: (i) through and as of the Repurchase Closing Date, the Friedli Group shall have performed all of its obligations hereunder ("Friedli Compliance"), (ii) through and as of the Repurchase Closing Date, all of the Holders shall have done and performed all acts with respect to which the Friedli Group has agreed to use its best efforts to cause the Holders to do and perform hereunder through and as of such date (including, without limitation, executing, delivering and complying with all of the provisions of all of the Holder Documents, placing the Sell Orders and maintaining the Permitted Holder Sell Orders in effect throughout the Sale Period) (collectively, "Holder Compliance"), (iii) neither the Friedli Group nor any Holder nor any Institution or Ultimate Beneficial Owner (as such terms are hereinafter defined) nor any Affiliate of any of the foregoing shall have commenced or maintained any action or proceeding similar in nature to the Bader Action (as hereinafter defined) nor taken any actions which the Friedli Group has agreed not to take pursuant to Section 12 hereof ("Bader Compliance"), (iv) as of the Repurchase Closing Date, the representations and warranties of the Friedli Group, and of each of the Holders as set forth in the Holder Documents, shall be true and complete as if made at and as of such date, and (v) on or after the date hereof and prior to the Repurchase Outside Date (as hereinafter defined), the Company shall have obtained financing in an amount at least equal to the Repurchase Price, which financing does not prohibit the use thereof for making the Repurchases and is not obtained for a different particular purpose ("Permitted Financing"); provided, however, that, if the Company obtains Permitted Financing in an amount less than the Repurchase Price, subject to the conditions hereof, it shall be obligated to repurchase the Repurchase Securities, in the order of priority set forth in Section 9(c) hereof, to the extent of the Permitted Financing received. The Company shall use its best efforts to obtain such financing on terms reasonably satisfactory to it. (c) The closing of the Repurchases provided for hereunder (the "Repurchase Closing") shall take place at the offices of the Company on such date (the "Repurchase Closing Date") and at such time as shall be indicated in a notice given not fewer than five (5) days in advance by the Company to the Holders who own such Repurchase Securities, which Repurchase Closing Date shall not be later than the day following the expiration of the Sale Period (the "Repurchase Outside Date"). Upon the Repurchase of Repurchase Securities at the Repurchase Closing, the Company shall be entitled to retain and cancel (or, in the case of the Logitech Note, make appropriate notation upon and then shall return) all certificates and instruments representing or constituting Repurchase Securities (other than Unrepurchased Securities (as hereinafter defined)) that were delivered to it pursuant to the provisions of Sections 2 through 6 hereof. 10 (d) The parties agree that, in the event of a default on the part of the Company in its obligation to repurchase the Repurchase Securities, as liquidated damages and as the sole and exclusive remedy of the Friedli Group and the Holders for such default, the Company shall be obligated to pay to the Holders of the Repurchase Securities that were not repurchased (the "Unrepurchased Securities") an amount (the "Liquidated Damages Amount") equal to five and four- sevenths percent (5-4/7%) of the Repurchase Price thereof, such amount to be payable in equal monthly installments on the last day of each month over a three (3) year period commencing with the month in which the default occurs. In no event shall the Liquidated Damages Amount exceed, in the aggregate for all Holders, the sum of one million dollars ($1,000,000) (the "Cap"). In the event the Cap is applicable, a proportionate amount of the Cap shall be payable to the Holders of the Unrepurchased Securities, as provided for above, based upon the respective Repurchase Price thereof. The Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Liquidated Damages Amount is reasonable in light of the anticipated and actual harm, if any, caused by such breach or default, the difficulties of proof of loss and damage, and the inconvenience and nonfeasibility of the other parties hereto or the Holders otherwise obtaining an adequate remedy. The Company hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Liquidated Damages Amount is not unreasonably large, under the circumstances, and that such amount does not constitute, and shall not be construed as, a penalty. (e) The certificates and instruments representing or constituting the Converting Securities that were not repurchased and the documents executed by the Holders with respect to the Converting Securities that were not repurchased shall be returned to the Holders thereof by the Company no later than the Repurchase Outside Date. The certificates and instruments representing or constituting the Converting Securities that are returned to the Holders shall be identical to and shall have the same rights and preferences as the certificates and instruments representing or constituting the Notes and/or the Preferred Shares held by the Holders on the day before execution of this Agreement. 11. Voting Rights. The holders of the Preferred Shares will retain all voting rights with respect thereto until the effectiveness of the Conversion and sale, or Repurchase, thereof. The holders of the Subject Common Shares will retain all voting rights with respect thereto until the sales of such securities are consummated and record ownership thereof is transferred. The provisions set forth in this Agreement or any other agreement of even date shall not alter or otherwise affect the voting rights of the Preferred Shares or the Subject Common Shares until the effectiveness, as the case may be, of the (i) Conversion of the Preferred Shares, (ii) Repurchase of the Preferred Shares, or (iii) sale of the Subject Common Shares. 12. Bader Litigation. The Friedli Group agrees that, until the Repurchase Closing Date, they will not, directly or indirectly, commence or maintain any action or proceeding similar in nature to that certain action entitled Jorg Bader v. Kenneth G. Baritz, Peter M. Izzo, Michael V. Dettmers and Russell K. Burbank (the "Bader Action"), which action was dismissed without prejudice, or otherwise encourage or assist any other person or entity to commence or maintain any such action or proceeding. 11 13. Representations and Warranties of the Friedli Group. As a material inducement to the Company's entering into this Agreement, the Friedli Group hereby represents, warrants, covenants and agrees as follows: (a) The Friedli Group has the power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance by the Friedli Group of its obligations hereunder have been duly authorized by the Board of Directors or other governing body of Friedli AG and Friedli Inc. and, if required, their respective shareholders in conformity with applicable law. No other corporate proceeding on the part of Friedli AG or Friedli Inc. is necessary to authorize the execution or delivery of this Agreement or the performance by the Friedli Group of its obligations hereunder. This Agreement is the valid and binding obligation of, and is enforceable in accordance with its terms against, the Friedli Group. (b) Neither the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Friedli Group, nor the performance by the Friedli Group of its obligations hereunder, requires the consent or approval of any third party or any foreign governmental body or other foreign regulatory or administrative authority, agency, bureau or commission (collectively, "Foreign Governmental Body"). (c) Neither the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Friedli Group nor the performance by the Friedli Group of its obligations hereunder, (i) violates, conflicts with or results in a breach of any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or By-Laws or other charter or organizational document of Friedli AG or Friedli Inc.; (ii) violates, breaches or is in conflict with, or constitutes a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default) under any agreement or other obligation to which the Friedli Group is a party or by which it is otherwise bound; or (iii) violates any order, writ, injunction, decree or judgment, or any law, statute, rule or regulation of any Foreign Governmental Body applicable to the Friedli Group. (d) Each person executing this Agreement on behalf of Friedli AG and Friedli Inc. has been duly authorized to execute and deliver this Agreement on such entity's behalf. (e) To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, each Holder is a nominee holder of the securities of the Company that are registered in its name. To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, such securities are held for the benefit of certain banking institutions (the "Institutions"), which, in turn, hold such securities for the benefit of others (the "Ultimate Beneficial Owners"). To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, none of the Holders, Institutions or Ultimate Beneficial Owners, directly or indirectly, is now, or has ever been, the beneficial owner (as such term is defined in Section 13 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) of more than five percent (5%) of the outstanding Common Shares of the Company. 12 (f) To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, each Holder, Institution and Ultimate Beneficial Owner acts, and has always acted, independently of all other Holders, Institutions and Ultimate Beneficial Owners, as well as independently of all other entities that acquired securities of the Company through the efforts of the Friedli Group (the "Friedli Clients"), and none of the Holders, Institutions or Ultimate Beneficial Owners acts, or has ever acted, in concert with any other Holder, Institution, Ultimate Beneficial Owner or other Friedli Client in connection with the acquisition, disposition or voting of any securities of the Company. (g) To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, the respective Converting Securities were acquired, and have been held, pursuant to Regulation S ("Regulation S"), promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, any and all representations and certifications set forth in any subscription or purchase agreement or representation letter relating to the acquisition of the Converting Securities were accurate at the time made. (h) To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, since the respective Converting Holder's acquisition of the Converting Securities, it has not sold short, or otherwise taken any short position with respect to, any Common Shares of the Company. (i) To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, the respective Converting Holder's acquisition of the Converting Securities was not part of any prearranged transaction to sell such securities or Underlying Shares to a purchaser in the United States or to a "U.S. person" (as such term is defined in Regulation S). (j) To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, none of the Holders is now, nor has any of them ever been, an Affiliate (as such term is defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act) of the Company. (k) To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, each of the Converting Holders was at the time of its acquisition of its respective Converting Securities, and each of them is, an "accredited investor" (as such term is defined in Rule 501 promulgated under the Securities Act). (l) To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, each of the Converting Holders has significant prior investment experience, including investment in non-listed and non-registered securities, and each is able to bear the economic risk of a conversion of the Converting Securities into the Underlying Shares. (m) In connection with (i) the conversion of the Converting Securities into Underlying Shares or Additional Common Shares and (ii) any exchange of the Series F Preferred Shares of the Company for Series K Preferred Shares of the Company, as contemplated by Section 18 hereof, no commission or other remuneration was or will be paid or given, directly or indirectly, by the Holders or the holders of the Series F Preferred Shares, or any Affiliate thereof, to, or demanded or received, directly or indirectly, by, the Friedli Group for soliciting such conversion or exchange. 13 (n) To the knowledge of the Friedli Group, the Holders own the Converting Securities and the Subject Common Shares, and, upon Conversion of the Converting Securities, will own the Underlying Shares, free and clear of any and all liens, pledges, security interests, claims, rights and other encumbrances other than as contemplated by this Agreement. (o) Upon the effectiveness of the Conversions, or Repurchases, of the Converting Securities pursuant to Section 7 or 10 hereof, the Converting Holders shall have no further rights with regard to the Converting Securities. (p) As of the date hereof, there is no litigation or governmental proceeding pending, or, to the knowledge of the Friedli Group, threatened to restrain, invalidate, prevent, or otherwise impede any transaction contemplated hereby, the defense of which would, in the judgment of the Company, made in good faith and based upon the advice of counsel, involve material expense or lapse of time that would be adverse to the interests of the Company. (q) The representations and warranties of the Friedli Group set forth herein are true and complete in all respects as of the date hereof and the Friedli Group will neither take any action, nor cause or encourage the Holders to take any action, directly or indirectly, that would cause any of such representations and warranties to not be true and complete in all respects at any time until the expiration of the Sale Period or the Outside Repurchase Date, as the case may be. The Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause the Holders to execute and deliver the Holder Letters to the Company. 14. Representations and Warranties of the Company. As a material inducement to the Friedli Group's entering into this Agreement, the Company hereby represents, warrants, covenants and agrees as follows: (a) The Company is a corporation validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of New York, and has the power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to perform its obligations hereunder. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance of its obligations hereunder have been duly authorized by the Board of Directors of the Company in conformity with applicable law. No other corporate proceeding on the part of the Company, including, without limitation, shareholder approval, is necessary to authorize the execution or delivery of this Agreement or the performance of its obligations hereunder. This Agreement is a valid and binding obligation of, and is enforceable in accordance with its terms against, the Company. (b) Neither the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Company nor the performance of its obligations hereunder, requires the consent or approval of any third party or any United States governmental body or other United States regulatory or administrative authority, agency, bureau or commission ("Domestic Governmental Body"), except that the foregoing representation and warranty with regard to the requirement of any consent or 14 approval of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") is subject to the accuracy of the Friedli Group's representations and warranties in paragraphs (e) through (m) of Section 13 hereof and those set forth in paragraphs (i) through (ix) of the Holder Letters (with respect to Exhibits F-1 and F-2) and paragraphs (i) and (ii) of the Holder Letters (with respect to Exhibit F-3). (c) Neither the execution, delivery or performance of this Agreement by the Company nor the performance of its obligations hereunder (i) violates, conflicts with or results in a breach of any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation or By-Laws of the Company; (ii) violates, breaches or is in conflict with, or constitutes a default (or an event which, with notice of lapse of time or both, would constitute a default) under any agreement or other obligation to which the Company is a party or by which the Company is otherwise bound; or (iii) violates any order, writ, injunction, decree or judgment, or any law, statute, rule or regulation of any Domestic Governmental Body applicable to the Company, except that the foregoing representation and warranty with regard to any law, statute, rule or regulation, as it applies to the SEC or any securities laws or statutes, is subject to the accuracy of the Friedli Group's representations in paragraphs (e) through (m) of Section 13 hereof and those set forth in paragraphs (i) through (ix) of the Holder Letters (with respect to Exhibits F-1 and F-2) and paragraphs (i) and (ii) of the Holder Letters (with respect to Exhibit F-3). (d) The person executing this Agreement on behalf of the Company has been duly authorized to execute and deliver this Agreement on its behalf. (e) As of the date hereof, there is no litigation or governmental proceeding pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened to restrain, invalidate, prevent, or otherwise impede any transaction contemplated hereby, the defense of which would, in the judgment of the Friedli Group, made in good faith and based upon the advice of counsel, involve material expense or lapse of time that would be adverse to the interests of the Friedli Group. (f) The Company has not filed a petition in bankruptcy or, to its knowledge, had an involuntary petition in bankruptcy filed against it. (g) The Company has reserved a number of authorized and unissued Common Shares that is not less than the total number of Common Shares issuable upon all of the Conversions, and insofar as one or more Conversions might not become effective immediately prior to the settlement of the sale of the respective Underlying Shares as contemplated by this Agreement (as a result of the provisions of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company or otherwise) and the Board is authorized and empowered (pursuant to the provisions of such Restated Certificate of Incorporation or otherwise) to hasten the effectiveness of such Conversions, the Board by duly adopted resolution (the "Conversion Board Resolution") (a certified copy of which shall be delivered to the Friedli Group upon written request) shall act to render all Conversions effective immediately prior to the settlement of the sale of the respective Underlying Shares as contemplated by this Agreement. 15 (h) The representations and warranties of the Company set forth herein are true and complete in all respects as of the date hereof and the Company will not take any action that would cause any such representations or warranties to not be true and complete in all respects at any time until the expiration of the Sale Period or the Outside Repurchase Date, as the case may be. 15. Release; Escrow Agreement. Simultaneously herewith, pursuant to the terms of an Escrow Agreement of even date (the "Escrow Agreement") among the Company, the Friedli Group and Certilman Balin Adler & Hyman, LLP, as escrow agent (the "Escrow Agent"), the Company is executing and delivering to the Escrow Agent, among other things, a general release of, and covenant with respect to, among others, the Friedli Group, the Holders, the Institutions and the Ultimate Beneficial Owners (the "Company Release"), and the Friedli Group is executing and delivering to the Escrow Agent a general release of, and covenant with respect to, among others, the Company and all Affiliates of the Company (the "Friedli Group Release" and collectively with the Company Release, the "Releases"), in the forms attached hereto as Exhibits G-1 and G-2, respectively, which Releases and other deliveries shall be held and delivered in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement. The Friedli Group agrees to use its best efforts to cause each of the Principal Holders to execute, and deliver to the Escrow Agent, a general release and covenant in the form of the Friedli Group Release (the "Principal Holder Releases"), which Principal Holder Releases shall be held in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement, including, without limitation, the conditions for delivery to the Company therein. 16. Payment in Lieu of Dividends. The Company agrees to pay to the Series B Holders, Series D Holders and Series E Holders an amount (the "In Lieu Amount") in cash that would have been payable to such Preferred Holders had the Company declared a cash dividend or dividends covering the period(s) through the date of Conversion of such shares or the Repurchase Closing Date, as the case may be, in the respective amounts of the dividend preferences set forth in the Company's Certificate of Incorporation, with regard to the Series B Preferred Shares, the Series D Preferred Shares and the Series E Preferred Shares. The In Lieu Amount shall be payable on the first anniversary of the sixtieth (60th) day of the Sale Period, except that, in the event that there are no Repurchase Securities, the In Lieu Amount shall be payable on the earlier of (a) the expiration of the Sale Period or (b) the sale of all of the Shares pursuant to Section 9 hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company's payment obligation hereunder shall be subject to and conditional upon Friedli Compliance, Holder Compliance and Bader Compliance as of and through the date of Conversion of such shares or the Repurchase Closing Date, as the case may be. 17. Consulting Fees. In full and complete satisfaction and settlement of any and all claims of any nature whatsoever, whether at law, in equity or otherwise, which the Friedli Group may have against the Company and any and all Affiliates thereof for consulting, advisory, investment banking or similar or related fees, or for costs and expenses incurred in connection therewith, the Company agrees to pay to Friedli AG, and the Friedli Group hereby agrees that Friedli AG shall accept from the Company, the aggregate sum of three hundred seventy-five thousand dollars ($375,000) (the "Friedli Settlement Amount"). The Friedli Settlement Amount shall be 16 delivered by the Company to the Escrow Agent within five (5) business days after the Holders shall have executed and delivered all Holder Documents, including, without limitation, the Permitted Holder Sell Orders, and shall be held in accordance with the terms of the Escrow Agreement, including, without limitation, the conditions for delivery to Friedli AG therein. In the event the Friedli Settlement Amount is redelivered to the Company pursuant to the terms of the Escrow Agreement, the Friedli Group and the Company shall have any and all rights, powers, remedies and defenses now or hereafter existing at law or in equity, by statute or otherwise, with respect to any and all claims of any nature whatsoever that either may have against the other. 18. Preferred Share Exchange; Redemption of Notes. (a) The Company agrees to irrevocably offer to the holders of the Series F Preferred Shares of the Company, for a period of sixty (60) days commencing on the expiration of the Sale Period (the "Exchange Period"), the right to exchange such shares, on a one-to-one basis, for duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable Series K Preferred Shares of the Company, such Series K Preferred Shares to have the same relative rights, powers, preferences, qualifications and limitations as the Series F Preferred Shares, except that the term "Conversion Price", as used with respect to the Series K Preferred Shares, shall mean three dollars fifty cents ($3.50). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company's obligation to make such offer shall be subject to and conditional upon Friedli Compliance, Holder Compliance and Bader Compliance. The Friedli Group shall use its best efforts to cause each of the holders of the Series F Preferred Shares to execute and deliver to the Company, in connection with the exchange, the document attached hereto as Exhibit H, and the consummation of such exchange, with respect to any particular holder of Series F Preferred Shares, shall be subject to the Company's receipt of such executed document prior to the expiration of the Exchange Period. (b) The Company agrees to advise the registered holders of those certain promissory notes of the Company, dated as of October 4, 1995, in the aggregate principal amount of one million four hundred thousand dollars ($1,400,000) that were issued in connection with the acquisition of the outstanding stock of Crescent Communications, Inc. (the "Crescent Notes"), on or before December 31, 1997, in writing (with a copy to the Friedli Group) that it will redeem and prepay the Crescent Notes upon its receipt of the original Crescent Notes for cancellation, and the Company thereupon shall so redeem and prepay the Crescent Notes. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company's obligation to redeem and prepay the Crescent Notes shall be subject to and conditional upon Friedli Compliance, Holder Compliance and Bader Compliance as of and through the expiration date of the Sale Period. 19. Termination. (a) The Company shall have the right to terminate all of its obligations under this Agreement, by written notice to such effect to the Friedli Group, and to require that the Escrow Agent redeliver the Company Release and other Company deliveries to the Company, and the Friedli Group Release and any Principal Holder Releases to the Friedli Group, in the event any Holder Document has not been executed and delivered to the Permitted Holder Broker-Dealer(s), 17 the Escrow Agent or the Company, as the case may be, within thirty (30) days of the date of delivery to the Friedli Group of the Broker-Dealer Designation and such undelivered Holder Document(s) are not so executed and delivered within five (5) days of receipt by Friedli AG of written notice to such effect from the Company. (b) The Friedli Group shall have the right to terminate all of its obligations under this Agreement, by written notice to such effect to the Company, and to require that the Escrow Agent make the redeliveries provided for in Section 19(a) hereof in the event any of the following shall occur and shall not have been cured within five (5) days of receipt by the Company of written notice to such effect from Friedli AG: (i) the Company shall not have delivered the Broker-Dealer Designation by the Designation Time as provided for in Section 8(a) hereof, (ii) the Company shall not have delivered a certified copy of the Conversion Board Resolution following the request made by the Friedli Group, as provided for in Section 14(g) hereof or (iii) the Company shall not have delivered the Friedli Settlement Amount to the Escrow Agent within the period provided for in Section 17 hereof. (c) In the event of a termination of this Agreement pursuant to the foregoing provisions of Section 19, no party shall have any liability or obligation under this Agreement except for any breach of this Agreement that has occurred prior to the giving of the notice of termination. 20. Notices. Except as otherwise expressly provided for hereunder, any communication or notice given hereunder shall be, and shall be deemed to be given when, delivered by hand, or sent by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested and postage being prepaid, overnight mail or courier, or telecopier as follows: If to the Company: 101 Park Avenue Suite 2507 New York, New York 10178 Attn: President Telecopier Number: (212) 867-0166 With a copy to: Certilman Balin Adler & Hyman, LLP 90 Merrick Avenue East Meadow, New York 11554 Attn: Fred S. Skolnik, Esq. Telecopier Number: (516) 296-7111 18 If to Friedli AG: Freigutstrasse 5, 8002 Zurich, Switzerland Attn: Christa Wagner Telecopier Number: 011 411 201 7819 With a copy to: Morris, James, Hitchens & Williams P.O. Box 2306 222 Delaware Avenue Wilmington, Delaware 19899 Attn: Michael J. Maimone, Esq. Telecopier Number: (302) 571-1750 If to Friedli Inc.: Freigutstrasse 5, 8002 Zurich, Switzerland Attn: Peter Friedli Telecopier Number: 011 411 201 7819 With a copy to: Morris, James, Hitchens & Williams P.O. Box 2306 222 Delaware Avenue Wilmington, Delaware 19899 Attn: Michael J. Maimone, Esq. Telecopier Number: (302) 571-1750 If to Friedli: Freigutstrasse 5, 8002 Zurich, Switzerland Telecopier Number: 011 411 201 7819 19 With a copy to: Morris, James, Hitchens & Williams P.O. Box 2306 222 Delaware Avenue Wilmington, Delaware 19899 Attn: Michael J. Maimone, Esq. Telecopier Number: (302) 571-1750 or at such other address as any party may specify by notice given to the other parties hereto in accordance with the provisions hereof. 21. Further Assurances. Each of the parties hereto will execute and deliver any and all further documents as are reasonably necessary to carry out the provisions hereof. 22. Applicable Law. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York, applicable to agreements performed wholly within such state. 23. Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth the entire understanding of the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof and there are no representations, warranties or commitments except as set forth herein. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements, understandings, negotiations and discussions, whether written or oral, relating to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement may be modified only by a written agreement between the Company and the Friedli Group. 24. Waiver of Breach; Partial Invalidity. The waiver by any party of a breach of any provision of this Agreement shall not operate or be construed as a waiver of any subsequent breach. If any provision, or part thereof, of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid or unen forceable, such invalidity or unenforceability shall attach only to such provision and not in any way affect or render invalid or unenforceable any other provisions of this Agreement, and this Agreement shall be carried out as if such invalid or unenforceable provision, or part thereof, had been reformed, and any court of competent jurisdiction is authorized to so reform such invalid or unenforceable provision, or part thereof, so that it would be valid, legal and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. 25. Binding Nature. This Agreement shall be binding upon the successors, assigns and legal representatives of the parties hereto. 26. Headings. The paragraph headings of this Agreement are for convenience and reference only and do not in any way modify, interpret or construe the intent of the parties or affect any of the provisions of this Agreement. 20 27. Counterparts; Effectiveness. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but all of which taken together shall constitute one agreement. Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Company, this Agreement shall be effective only if executed and delivered by each of the parties hereto. 28. Facsimile Signatures. Signatures transmitted by facsimile transmission shall be deemed original signatures. 29. Third Party Beneficiary. This Agreement is for the sole benefit of the parties hereto, the Holders and all Affiliates of the Company. No third party (other than the Holders and Affiliates of the Company) shall have any beneficial interest herein, directly or indirectly, nor may any third party (other than the Holders and Affiliates of the Company) rely on the terms, provisions, or conditions of this Agreement. 30. Materiality. All promises, covenants, agreements, understandings, acknowledgments, representations, and warranties made in this Agreement shall be deemed material and relied on by each party to this Agreement. 31. Remedies Cumulative. Each right, power, and remedy provided for herein or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity, by statute or otherwise, shall be cumulative and concurrent and shall be in addition to every other right, power, and remedy provided for herein or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity, by statute or otherwise, and the exercise or the beginning of the exercise by any party of any one or more of such rights, powers, or remedies shall not preclude the simultaneous or later exercise by such party of any or all of such other rights, powers and remedies. 32. Specific Performance; Jurisdiction. (a) The parties hereby acknowledge and agree that the failure of any party to this Agreement to perform the provisions hereof in accordance with their specific terms or other breach of such provisions will cause irreparable injury to the other parties to this Agreement for which damages, even if available, will not be an adequate remedy. Accordingly, the parties hereby consent to the issuance of injunctive relief by any court of competent jurisdiction to compel performance of any party's obligations, including an injunction to prevent breaches, and to the granting by any such court of the remedy of specific performance of the terms and conditions hereof. (b) Each party hereby irrevocably and unconditionally consents to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York and of the United States of America located in the State of New York for any actions, suits or proceedings arising out of or relating to this Agreement, the matters referred to herein or the transactions contemplated hereby. Each party also hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives any objection to the laying of venue of any action, suit or proceeding arising out of this Agreement, the matters referred to herein or the transactions contemplated hereby in the courts of the State of New York or of the United States of 21 America located in the State of New York, and hereby further irrevocably and unconditionally waives and agrees not to plead or claim in any such court that any such action, suit or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. 33. Confidentiality. (a) Except as otherwise required by applicable law based upon a written opinion of counsel to the disclosing party reasonably satisfactory to the other parties, each party shall use Confidential Information (as hereinafter defined) only in connection with the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, shall not otherwise use Confidential Information to its own advantage, shall not use Confidential Information in competition with or to the detriment of any other party, shall hold and treat all Confidential Information in confidence and shall not disclose or offer to disclose any Confidential Information to any person or entity not a party to this Agreement, except to an Affiliate thereof or a Holder, an Institution or an Ultimate Beneficial Owner, which, prior to such disclosure, shall have executed and delivered to the other parties hereto a writing in which it agrees to be bound by the provisions hereof. The term "Confidential Information", as used in this section, means all confidential or proprietary information and trade secrets of or relating to any other party, an Affiliate thereof or a Holder, an Institution or an Ultimate Beneficial Owner. Confidential Information shall not include information generally known or readily ascertainable by proper means. To the extent that Confidential Information, through no act or omission of a party, a Holder, an Institution or an Ultimate Beneficial Owner, or any of its Affiliates, employees or agents, becomes generally known or readily ascertainable by proper means, such information shall no longer be considered Confidential Information for purposes of this Agreement. (b) Nothing herein shall restrict the Company from disclosing publicly this Agreement and/or the terms and conditions hereof; provided, however, that, prior to such public disclosure, the Company shall afford Friedli an opportunity to review and comment thereon; provided further, however, that the Company's only obligation with respect thereto shall be to reasonably consider in good faith any comments made. [Remainder of page intentionally left blank.] K:\WPDOC\CORP\AMNEX\FRIEDLI\AGREEMEN\MAIN.FIN 22 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date hereof. AMNEX, INC. By:/s/ Signature of Authorized Officer Name of Authorized Officer Title of Authorized Officer FRIEDLI CORPORATE FINANCE AG By:/s/ Signature of Authorized Officer Name of Authorized Officer Title of Authorized Officer FRIEDLI CORPORATE FINANCE INC. By:/s/ Signature of Authorized Officer Name of Authorized Officer Title of Authorized Officer PETER FRIEDLI /s/ Peter Friedli, individually K:\WPDOC\CORP\AMNEX\FRIEDLI\AGREEMEN\MAIN.FIN EX-10.22 21 RENEWAL AND MODIFICATION AGREEMENT Renewal and Modification Agreement This Renewal and Modification Agreement (the "Agreement") is made and entered into as of this 28th day of February, 1997 by and between American Network Exchange, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("AMNEX") and National Telecom USA, Inc., a New Jersey corporation ("NTI"). Recitals WHEREAS, AMNEX is an interexchange carrier providing both direct dial and operator assisted services (collectively, the "Services") to subscribers at COCOT locations throughout the United States; WHEREAS, NTI is a Dealer and an aggregator of long distance and operator assisted traffic generated by subscribers at such COCOT locations; WHEREAS, NTI and AMNEX are parties to a Prime COCOT Aggregator Agreement dated as of November 24, 1993, as amended to the date hereof (as so amended, the "COCOT Agreement"), pursuant to which, among other things, NTI has engaged AMNEX, and AMNEX has agreed to serve, as the principal provider of the Services to subscribers at substantially all existing and hereafter acquired COCOT locations of NTI and its Subaccounts; WHEREAS, NTI and AMNEX are parties to a certain Settlement Agreement dated November 27, 1995, as amended to the date hereof (as so amended, the "Settlement Agreement"), pursuant to which, among other things, the parties completely and finally resolved, compromised and settled all claims asserted and assertable between them, and in so doing, provided for certain consideration to be paid to each other, including but not limited to the payment of certain additional commissions to NTI; and WHEREAS, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, NTI and AMNEX desire to amend the COCOT Agreement and the Settlement Agreement, in order to extend and modify their relationship with one another as set forth therein and governed thereby. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the mutual covenants as hereinafter contained, the parties hereby agree as follows: - 1 - 1. Definitions. Except as otherwise defined herein, all capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the COCOT Agreement or the Settlement Agreement. To the extent that any term or provision of the COCOT Agreement or the Settlement Agreement is contrary to or inconsistent with the terms and provisions of this Agreement, the terms and provisions of this Agreement shall control. 2. Scope of Agreement. Paragraph 1 of the COCOT Agreement, entitled "Scope of Agreement", is hereby modified to provide that AMNEX be engaged and serve as the exclusive (rather than principal) provider of Services to the Phones. Accordingly, subject to AMNEX's guidelines and Applicable Laws and the terms hereof, AMNEX shall be entitled to serve as the exclusive carrier for and handle 100% of the Calls. 3. NTI's Rights and Obligations. Paragraph 2 of the COCOT Agreement, entitled "NTI's Rights and Obligations", is hereby modified to the extent necessary to incorporate and fully effectuate the following provisions: (a) NTI shall sell, market and promote only the Services of AMNEX and shall in no event sell, market or promote the Services of any other carrier or provider for or in respect of the Phones or Calls. (b) NTI shall maintain its interstate tariff on file with the Federal Communications Commission (the "Tariff") and promptly update and modify such Tariff as may be required by Applicable Law or, if requested in writing by AMNEX and the request is approved by NTI's counsel, within thirty (30) days after the date of such written request. NTI shall, with the assistance of AMNEX, and in a reasonably prompt manner, make the necessary filings to become duly certified or authorized by the applicable regulatory authorities to provide intrastate service within the States of New Jersey and Michigan and an additional two (2) states to be designated by AMNEX. Where required by the applicable state regulatory authorities, NTI shall, with AMNEX's assistance, file tariffs and, thereafter, promptly update and modify such tariffs as may be required by Applicable Law or, if requested in writing by AMNEX and the request is approved by NTI's counsel, within thirty (30) days after the date of such written request. NTI shall forward to AMNEX, via overnight mail, all regulatory complaints within seventy two (72) hours of NTI's receipt of same. (c) NTI shall no longer be obligated to maintain at least $1,000,000 in monthly Combined Revenue during the Maintenance Period. (d) NTI shall no longer be responsible for the provision of customer services and administrative support to its Subaccounts. (e) NTI shall no longer be responsible to pay commissions or other compensation to, or to collect 1+ usage charges from, each of its Subaccounts. (f) NTI shall no longer be responsible for ensuring (i) that all Phones are programmed to route and deliver to AMNEX, in the case of operator assisted calls, only Permitted Operator Assisted Calls, and are otherwise operated in compliance with Applicable Laws; and (ii) that all Subaccounts comply with the Act, the Rules, and all Applicable Laws, including the posting requirements thereunder and the provisions thereof which prohibit the blocking of 800, 950 and 10XXX access codes of interexchange carriers other than AMNEX. 2 (g) NTI shall maintain all of its books and records and provide AMNEX with originals or copies of all of NTI's agreements, correspondence and magnetic records as may be requested by AMNEX, for the confidential use by AMNEX as necessary to provide the Services to the Subaccounts. (h) NTI shall take whatever steps may be required by Applicable Law or reasonably deemed necessary or advisable by AMNEX, in order to maintain, preserve and protect NTI's corporate existence, business, operations and assets from, among other things, dissolution, bankruptcy, diminution, liens, or other adverse effects. In that connection, NTI hereby represents, warrants and covenants with AMNEX, that it is solvent and in good standing in its state of incorporation and shall so remain at all times during the term of the COCOT Agreement as amended hereby. NTI further represents, warrants and covenants with AMNEX, that all of its contracts and other assets are owned by it free and clear of any and all liens, security interests, mortgages or other encumbrances, and shall so remain at all times during the term of the COCOT Agreement as amended hereby. NTI agrees to timely file any and all reports, returns and documents necessary to effectuate the foregoing, including but not limited to any required federal or state tax returns. 4. AMNEX's Rights and Obligations. Paragraph 3 of the COCOT Agreement, entitled "AMNEX's Rights and Obligations", is hereby modified to the extent necessary to incorporate and fully effectuate the following provisions: (a) AMNEX accepts and assumes the right and obligation to become the exclusive provider of the Services to NTI and the Phones. (b) AMNEX accepts and assumes the obligation of NTI to provide all necessary and customary customer services and administrative support to the Subaccounts. AMNEX shall use its reasonable best efforts to comply with this obligation. (c) AMNEX accepts and assumes the obligation of NTI to pay commissions and other compensation to, and to collect 1+ usage charges from, each of the Subaccounts. AMNEX shall use its reasonable best efforts to comply with this obligation. (d) AMNEX accepts and assumes the obligation of NTI to ensure (i) that all Phones are programmed to route and deliver to AMNEX or to NTI, as the case may be, for operator assisted calls, only Permitted Operator Assisted Calls, and are otherwise operated in compliance with Applicable Laws; and (ii) that all Subaccounts comply with the Act, the Rules, and all Applicable Laws, including the posting requirements thereunder and the provisions thereof which prohibit the blocking of 800, 950 and 10XXX access codes of interexchange carriers other than AMNEX. (e) AMNEX agrees to timely provide such data and reports as may be reasonably required by NTI in order to maintain its records and accounting data. (f) AMNEX agrees to respond timely and appropriately to all regulatory complaints generated by Permitted Operator Assisted Calls made from the Phones, in accordance with the guidelines customarily used by AMNEX and approved by counsel for NTI. 3 (g) AMNEX agrees to reimburse NTI for all reasonable costs and expenses it incurs to become duly certified to provide intrastate service within the states of New Jersey and Michigan and the additional two (2) states designated by AMNEX, as provided in subparagraph 3(b) hereof. 5. Compensation and Remittances. In consideration of NTI's performance of its obligations hereunder, and subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, in lieu of paying NTI compensation in the manner and at the time provided for in Paragraph 4 of the COCOT Agreement and the relevant provisions of the Settlement Agreement (and as may exist by virtue of any existing verbal agreements, arrangements or course of dealing), AMNEX shall pay NTI a commission, once monthly, based upon the Billed Revenue (as defined below) generated by the Phones during each calendar month, such Billed Revenue to be calculated based upon the total activity of the Subaccounts for the preceding month and to be paid to NTI by the twentieth (20th) day of the month then following. During the period commencing March 1, 1997 and ending on February 28, 2000, the amount of such monthly payment (the "Residual") shall be equal to the greater of $7,500 or 1/2 of 1 percent (.5%) of such Billed Revenue. The amount of the Residual shall be subject to adjustment by AMNEX and NTI on the third anniversary of the date hereof, it being understood and agreed that (i) the Residual is intended to compensate NTI solely for its ongoing obligations of maintaining NTI's regulatory certifications and authorizations, the Tariff, the state tariffs (where applicable), NTI's books and records and NTI's corporate existence, as set forth in and contemplated by subparagraphs 3(b), 3(g) and 3(h) hereof; and (ii) any adjustment made to the Residual at such time shall be solely for purposes of more accurately reflecting such intention. The Residual shall be deemed earned by NTI so long as NTI is in full compliance with this Agreement and such payment is not in violation of any law, rule, regulation or order with which AMNEX is required to comply. For purposes hereof, "Billed Revenue" means gross revenue derived from (i) completed interstate operator assisted calls originating from the Phones and the Subaccounts or other accounts serviced by AMNEX, which calls are billed in NTI's name and under the Tariff; and (ii) completed intrastate operator assisted calls originating from the Phones and the Subaccounts or other accounts serviced by AMNEX, which calls are billed in NTI's name (and under NTI's state tariffs, where applicable). 6. Term and Termination. Paragraph 5 of the COCOT Agreement, entitled "Term and Termination", is hereby modified to provide that the term shall commence as of March 1, 1997 and shall continue in full force and effect for a period of ten (10) years thereafter. Upon expiration of this initial ten (10) year term, the COCOT Agreement, as modified by this Agreement, shall automatically renew for successive one (1) year periods. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the COCOT Agreement, as modified by this Agreement, may be terminated as provided in subparagraph 5(b) and 5(c) of the COCOT Agreement. Subparagraph 5(a) shall not apply so long as NTI remains in compliance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement, including but not limited to the obligation to exclusively utilize the Services of AMNEX, as provided herein. 7. Notices. Paragraph 13 of the COCOT Agreement is hereby modified by deleting the Connecticut address as set forth therein and substituting in lieu thereof, the Orlando address as already provided therein, but with copies to be directed to the Vice President - Legal and Regulatory. 4 8. Modification to and Acknowledgements Concerning the Settlement Agreement. It is understood and agreed that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Settlement Agreement, AMNEX shall no longer be obligated (i) to pay NTI any monies for calls originated from any NTI accounts which AMNEX transfers to MCI's network, as provided in Paragraph 2 of the Settlement Agreement; or (ii) to pay NTI any commissions with regard to 1+ minutes billed and collected by AMNEX and originating from NTI's accounts, as provided in subparagraph 3(a) of the Settlement Agreement. Accordingly, the Settlement Agreement is hereby modified to delete and exclude those portions of Paragraph 2 and subparagraph 3(a) thereof which make reference to or otherwise pertain to such obligations of AMNEX to NTI. It is further understood and agreed that all other monies and obligations on the part of AMNEX to be paid to NTI and to be performed for the benefit of NTI under and in accordance with the Settlement Agreement have been fully paid, performed, satisfied and otherwise discharged. Accordingly, (i) the parties hereto acknowledge and agree that all consulting fees and consideration required to be paid to NTI under Paragraph 5 of the Settlement Agreement have been paid in full; (ii) all obligations of AMNEX under subparagraph 6(a) of the Settlement Agreement relative to the Warrant have been fully performed and satisfied; and (iii) all monies required to be paid under Paragraph 7 of the Settlement Agreement with regard to the 75,000 AMNEX, Inc. shares described therein have been paid in full. As for the Special Fund provided for in subparagraph 6(c) of the Settlement Agreement, it is understood and agreed that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in the Settlement Agreement, (i) such fund and the mechanics thereof shall remain in effect for and in respect of February 1997; and (ii) commencing March 1, 1997, such fund and all of the parties' obligations with regard thereto shall terminate. 9. Grant of the Right and Associated Security Interest. NTI hereby irrevocably grants to AMNEX the exclusive right to manage the business and operations of NTI and all contracts and agreements associated therewith, including but not limited to all contracts of NTI with, among others, any Subaccount, for the full ten (10) year initial term of the COCOT Agreement, as amended hereby, and any and all renewals thereof (the "Right"). The Right shall be deemed personal and proprietary to AMNEX and coupled with an interest, and NTI hereby agrees that the Right shall be binding upon NTI's successors and assigns and any and all purchasers of the business, stock or assets of NTI to the same extent and degree as NTI hereunder. In furtherance of the foregoing, and in order to secure and protect AMNEX's interest in and to the Right, NTI hereby grants to AMNEX a first priority lien against and security interest in all written and oral contracts, contract rights, agreements, arrangements and related intangible rights of NTI, including but not limited to all contracts of NTI with, among others, any Subaccount (collectively, the "Operating Contracts"). NTI hereby represents to AMNEX that it is the sole and absolute owner of the Operating Contracts, that there are no existing liens, security interests or encumbrances of any kind whatsoever upon the Operating Contracts, and covenants and agrees with AMNEX that for so long as AMNEX retains the Grant, NTI shall not, and shall use its best efforts to ensure that its successors, assigns and purchasers as described above shall not, (a) create, permit or suffer to exist any such liens, security interests or encumbrances upon any of the Operating Contracts (except for the lien and security interest granted to AMNEX herein); or (b) sell, assign, transfer, hypothecate or otherwise dispose of any of the Operating Contracts without AMNEX's prior written consent. NTI agrees to defend at its sole expense the Operating Contracts against the claims and demands of all third parties. NTI further agrees to join with AMNEX in executing such financing statements (including amendments thereto and continuation statements thereof) in form satisfactory to AMNEX as AMNEX may specify, and to take such other steps as AMNEX may reasonably direct from time to time in order to perfect and protect AMNEX's lien and security interest as granted herein. NTI hereby irrevocably authorizes and empowers AMNEX, on behalf of NTI, to execute and file such financing and continuation statements and to take such other actions as AMNEX deems necessary or advisable from time to time at NTI's expense to perfect and continue AMNEX's lien and security interest as granted herein. In the event of bankruptcy or similar proceedings by or against NTI or an actual or threatened loss of the Right due to or arising out of NTI's breach of any term hereof, AMNEX shall be entitled to proceed against, seize and otherwise recover upon the Operating Contracts in any commercially reasonable manner in order to compensate it for the loss of the Right. In connection with the foregoing, simultaneously with the execution hereof, NTI is delivering to AMNEX for filing with the Secretary of State of the State of Florida, a Form UCC-3 termination statement, duly executed by Mark B. Arbeit, evidencing the termination and complete release by him of his security interest in and to all contracts between NTI and AMNEX, Inc. and all commissions, proceeds and monetary entitlements arising therefrom. 5 10. Renewal Incentive. In consideration of extension of the term of the relationship between AMNEX and NTI as provided hereby, the grant by NTI to AMNEX of the Right, and for such other good and valuable consideration as may be derived from the COCOT Agreement, as modified hereby, the following aggregate consideration (collectively, the "Special Consideration") is being paid to NTI: (a) simultaneously with the execution hereof, AMNEX is paying the sum of One Hundred Seventy Five Thousand Dollars ($175,000) and on or before March 31, 1997, AMNEX shall pay the sum of Four Hundred Fifty Thousand Dollars ($450,000), in each case, by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a depository designated in writing by NTI; (b) simultaneously with the execution hereof, AMNEX is executing and delivering to NTI a promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of Five Hundred Thousand Dollars ($500,000), such note to bear interest on the principal amount thereof from time to time outstanding at the rate of ten percent (10%) per annum and to be payable in twelve (12) equal and consecutive monthly installments of principal and interest; and (c) upon expiration of the NASDAQ Clearance Period (as defined in subparagraph 11(b) below), AMNEX, Inc., the parent company of AMNEX, shall issue and deliver to NTI or Brian E. King, its sole shareholder, or to their designees, a total of 346,154 shares of the Common Stock of AMNEX, $.001 par value (the "AMNEX Common Stock"), such number of shares having been calculated based upon the average closing selling price for the AMNEX Common Stock during the eighty two (82) day period immediately preceding the date hereof. For purposes of this Agreement, such shares of AMNEX Common Stock shall hereinafter be referred to collectively as the "Shares". It is understood and agreed that the Special Compensation is being given by AMNEX and AMNEX, Inc. to NTI in material reliance upon NTI's anticipated compliance with the terms hereof, continuance of the Right for the full term contemplated hereby, and is in lieu of any and all other consideration, compensation, payments or other monies now due and owing or hereafter alleged to be due and owing to NTI under any and all existing agreements (whether oral or written), arrangements, understandings or claims arising under or out of or in connection with the COCOT Agreement or the Settlement Agreement (as it relates to NTI). 11. Acknowledgements and Agreements Concerning the Shares. (a) It is understood and agreed that the Shares shall not be registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (collectively, the "1933 Act"). Each of NTI and Brian E. King, for it or himself, and on behalf of its or his designees, if any, acknowledges that the Shares are not being registered under the 1933 Act due to AMNEX's reliance upon Section 4(2) thereof, which section provides an exemption from registration for certain transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering. Each of NTI and Brian E. King, for it or himself, and on behalf of its or his designees, if any, further acknowledges that AMNEX, Inc.'s reliance thereon is predicated on their representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 12 below. Accordingly, each of NTI and Brian E. King understands and will ensure that its and his designees, if any, will understand, that the Shares must be held indefinitely unless they are subsequently registered under the 1933 Act or an exemption from such registration exists, and that the stock certificate(s) evidencing ownership of the Shares which they receive shall bear the following restrictive legend: 6 "The shares represented by this certificate have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933. These shares have been acquired for investment and not for distribution or resale. They may not be sold, assigned, mortgaged, pledged, hypothecated, or otherwise transferred or disposed of without an effective registration statement for such shares under the Securities Act of 1933 or an opinion of counsel for AMNEX that registration is not required under such Act." (b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, AMNEX, Inc. shall not be obligated to deliver any of the Shares until prior written notice of their issuance in compliance with Rule 10b-17 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "1934 Act") shall have been given to NASDAQ and the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. and the applicable pre-issuance notification period therefor (the "NASDAQ Clearance Period") shall have expired. AMNEX, Inc. agrees to cause such written notice to be given to NASDAQ and the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. as soon as reasonably practicable after the date hereof. (c) Each of NTI and Brian E. King agrees (i) to cause its or his designees, if any, to execute letters containing acknowledgments, agreements and representations concerning the Shares which are identical to the acknowledgments, agreements and representations made by it or him in Paragraphs 11 and 12 of this Agreement (collectively, the "Designee Letters"); and (ii) to deliver all such Designee Letters to AMNEX, Inc. prior to the date of issuance of the Shares. The execution and delivery to AMNEX, Inc. of a Designee Letter for each such designee, if any, shall be a condition precedent to AMNEX, Inc.'s obligation to deliver a stock certificate issued in the name of such designee. Accordingly, notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, AMNEX, Inc. shall not be obligated to deliver any certificate evidencing ownership of any Shares by any designee of NTI or Brian E. King, unless and until AMNEX shall be in receipt of a Designee Letter with respect thereto. (d) AMNEX, Inc. warrants that upon issuance, the Shares shall be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, subject to the provisions of Section 630 of the Business Corporation Law of the State of New York, if applicable. 12. Investment Intent; Qualification as Investor. (a) Each of NTI and Brian E. King represents and warrants that the Shares are being acquired for its or his own account, for investment and not with a view to the resale or distribution thereof within the meaning of the 1933 Act. Each of NTI and Brian E. King further represents and warrants that it and he shall not sell, assign, transfer, encumber, or otherwise dispose of any of the Shares unless (i) a registration statement under the 1933 Act with respect thereto is in effect and the prospectus included therein meets the requirements of Section 10 of the 1933 Act; or (ii) AMNEX, Inc. has received a written opinion from its counsel that after investigation of the relevant facts, such counsel is of the opinion that such proposed sale, assignment, transfer, encumbrance or disposition does not require registration under the 1933 Act. 7 (b) Each of NTI and Brian E. King represents that AMNEX, Inc. has furnished it and him with its recent filings with and reports to the Commission on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1995, Form 10-Q for the fiscal periods ended March 31, 1996, June 30, 1996, and September 30, 1996, Form 8-K and Amendment No. 1 thereto for an event dated June 28, 1996, and Form 8-K for an event dated November 20, 1996, and that it and he have reviewed the same and been afforded the opportunity to obtain such other information as necessary to evaluate the investment contemplated hereby. Each of NTI and Brian E. King Seller further represents and warrants that it and he are either an "accredited investor" within the meaning of Rule 501(a) promulgated under the 1933 Act, or have substantial knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and are capable of evaluating the merits and risks associated with the acquisition of the Shares provided for herein. Each of NTI and Brian E. King acknowledges that such acquisition may entail significant risks. 13. Limitation of Liability; No Warranty. AMNEX MAKES NO WARRANTY, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THE MANAGEMENT OR OTHER SERVICES PROVIDED BY IT HEREUNDER AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AMNEX'S LIABILITY HEREUNDER SHALL BE LIMITED TO ITS OBLIGATION TO PAY THE SPECIAL COMPENSATION AND RESIDUAL TO NTI IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS HEREOF. NO PARTY HERETO SHALL BE LIABLE TO ANOTHER PARTY HERETO FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OR LOSS OF ANY KIND (WHETHER OR NOT SUCH PARTY WAS ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES OR LOSS), BY REASON OF ANY ACT OR OMISSION IN ITS PERFORMANCE UNDER THIS AGREEMENT. NOTWITHSTANDING THE FOREGOING, EACH PARTY SHALL REMAIN LIABLE TO THE OTHER PARTY FOR ALL ACTUAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM OR ARISING OUT OF ITS GROSS NEGLIGENCE OR WILLFUL OR WANTON MISCONDUCT IN THE PERFORMANCE OF, OR THE FAILURE TO PERFORM, ITS OBLIGATIONS HEREUNDER. 14. Indemnification of NTI. AMNEX shall indemnify and hold harmless NTI from and against any claim made by a third party, which claim is based upon, arises out of or relates to AMNEX's conduct in performing or failing to perform any of its obligations hereunder, or to any service provided under the Tariff (or to the extent applicable, NTI's state tariffs) pursuant to the terms and provisions of this Agreement or on AMNEX's behalf, or for any violation, alleged violation or complaint made by a third party regarding compliance with the Act, the Rules or any Applicable Laws, which violation or complaint arises out of or relates to AMNEX's conduct in performing or failing to perform any of its obligations hereunder. For purposes of this Paragraph 14, "third party" shall include any applicable regulatory agency or governmental authority. This indemnification shall include, but not be limited to, reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements, court costs, and the amount of any monetary judgment or settlement, including any interest, fines and penalties thereon. NTI shall provide AMNEX with prompt notice of receipt of any such claim, together with copies of all documentation received in connection therewith. Upon notice to NTI that AMNEX desires to assume the defense of any legal action, complaint or proceeding, AMNEX shall not be liable to NTI for any legal or other expense subsequently incurred by NTI. In the event that NTI determines that there is a reasonable probability that any claim may materially and adversely affect NTI other than as a result of money damages, NTI shall have the right at its sole cost and expense to defend, compromise or settle such claim. In no event, however, shall NTI enter into any settlements or compromises with regard to any claim without AMNEX's prior written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed. AMNEX shall not, without NTI's prior written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, settle or compromise a claim or demand or consent to the entry of a judgment against NTI which does not include as an unconditional term thereof the giving to NTI of a release from all liability in respect thereof. 15. Mutual Release. Subject only to the exceptions set forth herein, AMNEX hereby releases NTI, and NTI hereby releases AMNEX, together with each such party's respective heirs, administrators, successors, assigns, attorneys, share- holders, officers, directors, employees, representatives and agents, from all claims, demands, debts, obligations, liabilities, damages, actions, causes of action and suits at law or equity of whatever kind, whether known or unknown, anticipated or unanticipated, contingent or otherwise, that each such party had, now has, or hereafter can, shall or may have, for anything that has occurred up to and including the date hereof, including but not limited to any matters relating to or arising out of the COCOT Agreement and the Settlement Agreement (as it relates to NTI), such as, but not limited to, the distribution of any monies deposited in the Special Fund. The only exceptions to this release are the obligations of AMNEX and NTI under this Agreement, the Settlement Agreement, as amended hereby, and the ZPDI Agreement. 8 16. Reconciliation of Certain Calls. The regular monthly reconciliation for payments made and compensation earned for calls made during February 1997 shall be completed by AMNEX by March 17, 1997 and provided to NTI. Any amounts owed to NTI shall be paid by AMNEX to NTI on or before March 21, 1997, and any amounts owed to AMNEX shall be paid by NTI to AMNEX on or before March 24, 1997. 17. Treatment of Certain Advances and Adjustments. Pursuant to a Third Addendum to the January 28, 1994 Telephone Agreement between NTI and Teleplex Coin Comm. Inc. ("Teleplex"), (i) NTI has previously advanced $75,000 to Teleplex; and (ii) there is a balance of $50,000 remaining to be advanced to Teleplex, the payment of which is required to be made by NTI in four (4) consecutive weekly installments of $12,500 each, commencing the date hereof. AMNEX agrees to assume NTI's obligation to pay these four (4) weekly installments. In addition to the aforementioned $75,000, NTI is owed $10,000 by Global Network, another customer of NTI to which NTI previously advanced funds. Such $85,000 is scheduled to be repaid by Teleplex and Global Network within eight (8) months from the date hereof. It is agreed that, in lieu of passing through such monthly repayments to NTI, AMNEX will retain them as they are received from Teleplex and Global Network, and pay out the total sum of $85,000 to NTI under a promissory note covering such dollar amount, which note shall be payable in full within sixty (60) days from the date hereof. It is acknowledged and agreed that, by virtue of an overpayment made in NTI's $70,000 monthly fee to AMNEX, which fee was adjusted downwards as a result of the sale of Coastal Telecom Payphone Company, Inc., an affiliate of NTI, to Crescent Public Comunications Inc., an affiliate of AMNEX, NTI is owed $50,000. Accordingly, AMNEX agrees to repay such $50,000 to NTI by inclusion of such sum in the aforementioned sixty (60) day note. Accordingly, simultaneously with the execution hereof, AMNEX is executing and delivering to NTI a promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $135,000, such amount to be payable in full to NTI no later than sixty (60) days from the date hereof. 18. Arrangements Concerning Mark B. Arbeit. It is understood and agreed that Mark B. Arbeit ("Arbeit"), a senior officer of each of NTI and its affiliated companies, will be employed by AMNEX in a similar capacity. Accordingly, effective as of the date Arbeit's employment with AMNEX commences (which date will be provided by AMNEX to NTI and set forth in a written employment agreement between AMNEX and Arbeit) (the "Starting Date"), each of NTI and such affiliated companies (consisting of The Keystone Corporation, National Telecom Hospitality USA, Inc. and Select Tel Communications, Inc.) shall release Arbeit from any and all of his obligations under that certain exclusive employment agreement dated November 19, 1996 (the "Pre-existing Employment Agreement") by and among NTI, The Keystone Corporation, National Telecom Hospitality USA, Inc., Select Tel Communications, Inc. and Arbeit, and any non-competition or similar restrictive agreements relating thereto (but only to the extent that such non-competition and similar agreements restrict Arbeit's ability to comply with his obligations under his new employment agreement with AMNEX), such release to be in writing and in form and substance reasonably acceptable to Arbeit and AMNEX (with a copy of same being provided to AMNEX simultaneously therewith); provided, however, that Arbeit executes and delivers to each of NTI and such affiliated companies, a release in form and substance reasonably acceptable to NTI and such affiliated companies. Arbeit's employment term under the Pre-existing Employment Agreement will terminate effective as of the Starting Date and he will thereafter be deemed to be an exclusive employee of AMNEX. 19. Non-Contravention. (a) In furtherance of the exclusivity provisions hereof, and in consideration of the benefits to be accrued to him hereunder, Brian E. King, the President and sole shareholder of NTI, hereby agrees to be personally bound by the exclusivity provisions of this Agreement to the same extent as NTI is bound hereunder, and further agrees, for so long as the COCOT Agreement, as amended hereby, remains in full force and effect and AMNEX retains the Right granted to it by NTI hereunder, that he shall cause any and all business opportunities for the reselling of long distance and operator assisted traffic generated by COCOTs (which is the business currently conducted by NTI) that come to his attention (collectively, "Business Opportunities", and individually, a "Business Opportunity"), to be offered or referred to AMNEX, in accordance with the provisions of subparagraph 19(b) below. 9 (b) Brian E. King shall offer all Business Opportunities as described above to AMNEX, as NTI's exclusive manager, and on its behalf, and AMNEX shall have the right of first refusal with regard thereto (the "Option Right"). The Option Right must be exercised by AMNEX, if at all, within thirty (30) days after AMNEX receives written notice from Brian E. King that he has a Business Opportunity (the "Notice"), which Notice shall include a summary of the material terms thereof and copies of all correspondence from the reseller or COCOT at issue. In the event that AMNEX elects to exercise the Option Right, it shall do so by sending written notice thereof to Brian E. King within the time period specified above. Upon receipt of such notice from AMNEX, Brian E. King shall direct such Business Opportunity exclusively to AMNEX, as NTI's exclusive manager and on its behalf, upon the terms and conditions stated in the Notice, unless otherwise mutually agreed upon by the relevant parties. 20. Injunctive Relief. In the event of a breach by NTI or Brian E. King of the exclusivity or non-contravention provisions hereof, it is agreed that AMNEX shall be without an adequate remedy at law, and in addition to any other rights, remedies or damages available to it at law or in equity, AMNEX shall be entitled to such temporary and permanent injunctive relief as shall be necessary or appropriate to prevent or restrain any such breach or threatened breach, without the necessity of proving damages, without prejudice to any other remedies which AMNEX may have at law or in equity, and without obligation to post any security in connection therewith. 21. Effect of this Agreement. Except as expressly amended hereby, the terms and provisions of the COCOT Agreement and the Settlement Agreement shall remain in full force and effect without waiver or modification of the rights of any party hereto. 22. Miscellaneous Provisions. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without regard to principles of conflicts of laws. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous written or oral agreements, understandings, representations, negotiations and promises between the parties hereto concerning the subject matter hereof. No modification, rescission or waiver of this Agreement or any provision hereof shall be binding unless made in writing and signed by a duly authorized officer of each party hereto. This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. NTI hereby represents and warrants to AMNEX that it has full power, authority and legal right to execute, deliver, perform and observe the provisions of this Agreement, that in so doing, NTI shall not contravene, be in breach of or trigger a default under, its certificate of incorporation or bylaws or any contracts, agreements, instruments or other documents to which it is party, and that the execution, delivery and performance by it of this Agreement has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on its part. 10 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Renewal and Modification Agreement to be executed as of the date first set forth above by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized. AMERICAN NETWORK EXCHANGE, INC. By:/s/ Name:__________________________ Title:_________________________ AMNEX, INC. * By:/s/ Name:__________________________ Title:_________________________ * with regard to Paragraphs 10 and 11 hereof only NATIONAL TELECOM USA, INC. By:/s/ Name:__________________________ Title:_________________________ /s/ - -------------------------------- Brian E. King, individually ** ** with regard to Paragraphs 11, 12, 13, 19, 20 and 22 hereof only THE KEYSTONE CORPORATION *** NATIONAL TELECOM HOSPITALITY USA, INC. *** SELECT TEL COMMUNICATIONS, INC. *** By:____________________________ Brian E. King, President *** with regard to Paragraph 18 hereof only 11 EX-10.23 22 KINGLTR.TXT March 1, 1997 Brian E. King National Telecom USA, Inc. 675 Morris Avenue Springfield, New Jersey 07081 Dear Mr. King: Reference is made to that certain Renewal and Modification Agreement dated as of February 28, 1997 (the "Renewal Agreement") by and between American Network Exchange, Inc. ("AMNEX") and National Telecom USA, Inc. ("NTI"), pursuant to which, among other things, AMNEX, Inc., the parent company of AMNEX, agreed to issue and deliver to NTI or Brian E. King, its sole shareholder, or to their designees, a total of 346,154 shares of the Common Stock of AMNEX, Inc., in accordance with the terms and provisions of the Renewal Agreement. Such number of shares was calculated based upon the average closing selling price for the AMNEX, Inc. Common Stock during the eighty two (82) day period ending on February 28, 1997, which average price was $3.25 per share. It is acknowledged and agreed that, in lieu of issuing and delivering such 346,154 shares to NTI or Brian E. King or their designees, as aforesaid, NTI or Brian E. King shall be entitled to receive the sum of one million one hundred twenty five thousand dollars ($1,125,000), which sum shall be wire transferred by AMNEX to a depository designated in writing by NTI or Brian E. King, in whole or part, as hereinafter provided, on the earlier to occur of (i) March 31, 1997; or (ii) the third business day following the date that AMNEX receives written notification from NTI, Brian E. King or a broker dealer on their behalf, that any of them has purchased shares of the AMNEX, Inc. Common Stock in the open market (the "Settlement Date"). It is understood and agreed that the entire $1,125,000 may be utilized on one occasion to purchase such shares, or portions of such sum may be utilized on various occasions to purchase groupings of such shares. If the latter approach is employed, AMNEX shall only be obligated to wire transfer such portion of the $1,125,000 as shall be necessary to satisfy the purchase of such shares being made on the relevant Settlement Date. In all cases, the form of instruction letter attached hereto as Exhibit A shall be transmitted to broker dealers purchasing such shares on NTI's or Brian E. King's behalf. In the event that, on or before March 31, 1997, (i) the entire sum of $1,125,000 shall have been utilized to purchase shares of AMNEX, Inc. Common Stock in the open market; (ii) all such shares shall have been purchased on NTI's or Brian E. King's behalf by a broker dealer of AMNEX, Inc.'s choice; and (iii) the aggregate number of Brian E. King National Telecom USA, Inc. March 1, 1997 Page 2 such shares delivered to NTI and Brian E. King (collectively, the "Open Market Shares") shall be less than 346,154, then AMNEX, Inc. shall be obligated to issue and deliver to NTI or Brian E. King or their designees that number of unregistered shares of the Common Stock of AMNEX, Inc. as shall equal the difference between 346,154 and the actual aggregate number of Open Market Shares delivered to NTI or Brian E. King. For purposes hereof, such number of unregistered shares to be delivered to NTI or Brian E. King or their designees shall hereinafter be referred to collectively as the "Spread Shares". It is expressly understood and agreed that (i) no Spread Shares may be sold, assigned, mortgaged, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise transferred or disposed of for a period of two (2) years from the date of such delivery without the written consent of AMNEX, Inc.; and (ii) all stock certificates evidencing ownership of any Spread Shares shall bear a restrictive legend to such effect. AMNEX agrees to cause the Spread Shares, if any, to be issued and delivered to NTI or Brian E. King or their designees no later than April 30, 1997, subject to and in accordance with, the terms and provisions of the Renewal Agreement. For purposes of complying with any holding period mandated by Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, and for no other purpose whatsoever, the original issuance date of the Spread Shares shall, unless otherwise provided by law or rule, be deemed to be February 28, 1997. It is further expressly understood and agreed that (i) no Open Market Shares may be sold, assigned, mortgaged, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise transferred or disposed of until March 31, 1998 without the written consent of AMNEX, Inc.; and (ii) all stock certificates evidencing ownership of any Open Market Shares shall bear a restrictive legend to such effect. In furtherance of the foregoing, NTI and Brian E. King agree to execute and deliver to AMNEX, Inc.'s transfer agent and broker dealer an instruction letter in form and substance acceptable to AMNEX, which letter clearly authorizes such persons to issue or cause the issuance of all stock certificates for Open Market Shares in NTI's or Brian E. King's name with the restrictive legend described above. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, AMNEX shall not be obligated to issue any Spread Shares unless NTI and Brian E. King shall have complied with the provisions of the immediately preceding paragraph. It is acknowledged and agreed that all representations and warranties contained in the Renewal Agreement with respect to the 346,154 shares of AMNEX, Inc. Common Stock shall apply with equal force and effect to the Spread Shares. Brian E. King National Telecom USA, Inc. March 1, 1997 Page 3 The parties agree that the terms of this letter agreement may not be modified or waived except by a written instrument signed by the parties hereto. If the foregoing accurately and completely sets forth our agreement with respect to the subject matter hereof, please so indicate by signing below and returning this letter to the undersigned. Very truly yours, AMNEX, INC. By:/s/ Name:__________________________ Title:_________________________ ACKNOWLEDGED AND AGREED: NATIONAL TELECOM USA, INC. By:/s/ Name:__________________________ Title:_________________________ /s/ Brian E. King - -------------------------------- Brian E. King, individually EXHIBIT A FORM OF INSTRUCTION LETTER TO BROKER DEALER [name of contact] [name of broker dealer] [street address] [city] [state] [zipcode] Dear ____________________: This is to advise you that all purchases of AMNEX, Inc. Common Shares to be made by you on behalf of National Telecom USA, Inc. or Brian E. King are to be treated as 10b-18 purchases. Accordingly, please ensure that such purchases are made in compliance with the safe harbor provisions of Rule 10b-18 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Thank you for your cooperation. Very truly yours, [name of transmitting person] EX-11 23 STATEMENT OF COMPUTATION OF PER SHARE EARNINGS EXHIBIT 11
STATEMENTS REGARDING COMPUTATION OF PER SHARE EARNINGS Year ended December 31, 1996 1995 1994 ---- ---- ---- (in thousands except per share data) Primary Earnings Per Share: Weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding 22,498,915 18,714,369 13,169,540 Net effect of dilutive stock options and warrants based on the treasury stock method using the average fair market value in effectfor the period 775,304 702,128 353,275 ---------- ----------- ----------- Weighted average share outstanding 23,274,219 19,416,497 13,522,815 ========== ========== ========== Net income (loss) ($4,248) $1,431 $541 Less preferred stock dividends and deemed dividends (1,016) (543) (291) ----------- ----------- ----------- Net Income (loss) available for common shares ($5,264) $888 $250 =========== =========== ========== Net income (loss) per share ($0.23) $0.05 $0.02 =========== =========== ========== Fully Diluted Earnings Per Share: Weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding 22,498,915 18,714,369 13,169,540 Net effect of dilutive stock options and warrants based on the treasury stock method using the higher of average fair market value in effect at the end of the period or the average during the period 775,304 702,128 353,275 Net effect of convertible securities 7,734,480 7,282,040 9,224,185 ----------- ----------- ----------- Weighted average shares outstanding 31,008,699 26,698,537 22,747,000 ========== ========== ========== Net income (loss) ($4,248) $1,431 $541 Add interest expense on convertible debt, net of tax 47 37 156 --------------- ------------ ------------ Net income (loss) available for common shares ($4,201) $1,468 $697 ============= ============ ============ Net income (loss) per share ($0.14) $0.06 $0.03 ============== ============ ============
EX-21 24 LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES OF THE COMPANY EXHIBIT 21 SUBSIDIARIES American Network Exchange, Inc. Capital Network System Inc. Capital Network International, Inc.1 Capital Network Mexico2 AMNEX International, Inc. National Billing Exchange, Inc.3 Crescent Public Communications Inc. American Hotel Exchange, Inc. Sun Tel North America, Inc.4 Telecommunity & International Network Services, Inc.5 - -------- 1Wholly-owned subsidiary of Capital Network System Inc. 2Wholly-owned subsidiary of Capital Network International, Inc. 380%-owned subsidiary of AMNEX, Inc. 480%-owned subsidiary of Crescent Public Communications, Inc. 550%-owned subsidiary of AMNEX, Inc. EX-23 25 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS EXHIBIT 23 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements (Form S-3 No. 33- 58084) pertaining to 20,342,770 Common Shares; (Form S-3 No. 333-15647) pertaining to 1,513,790 Common Shares; (Form S-8 No. 33-37398) pertaining to the 1987 Stock Option Plan and (Form S-8 Nos. 33-58082, 33-90928 and 333-05659) pertaining to the 1992 Stock Option Plan with respect to 2,250,000 Common Shares of AMNEX, Inc. of our report dated April 4, 1997, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of AMNEX, Inc. included in its Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 1996, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. ERNST & YOUNG LLP New York, New York April 11, 1997 EX-27 26 FDS
5 1,000 U.S. 12-mos dec-31-1996 jan-01-1996 dec-31-1996 1 4,947 0 24,482 2,757 739 30,063 36,332 12,481 91,359 35,057 33,321 0 10,061 56,120 (32,861) 91,359 117,142 117,142 93,863 93,863 26,243 0 2,730 (5,694) (1,445) (5,694) 0 0 0 (4,248) (0.23) (0.23)
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