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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2018
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Note 10.  Income Taxes
The Company's combined effective income tax rate was 2.5% and 50.7% for the three-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  The Company's combined effective income tax rate was 14.4% and 31.1% for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  The Company's effective tax rates for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 include the effect of state income taxes and other discrete items as well as a benefit for research and development tax credits.  The Company's liability for uncertain tax positions as of September 30, 2018 increased by $1,810, as compared to December 31, 2017 primarily due to the recognition of additional research and development tax credits and increased interest on existing reserves.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act") was signed into law making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code ("IRC"). Changes include, but are not limited to, a federal corporate tax rate decrease from 35% to 21% for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017, the transition of U.S. international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial system and a one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings. The Company's fourth quarter 2017 provision for income taxes was reduced by $1,056 (comprised of a $1,548 reduction in income tax expense recorded in connection with the remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities and $492 of additional income tax expense recorded in connection with the transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings) due to applying the provisions of the Tax Act.  During 2018, the Company revised its estimate of the one-time transition tax from $492 to $1,727 and the additional $1,235 is included in income tax expense in the third quarter of 2018.

The Tax Act also repealed the Domestic Production Activities Deduction ("DPAD") provided under IRC §199 for tax years beginning after December 31, 2017.  As such, no DPAD benefit is reflected in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2018.  The DPAD benefit reduced income tax expense by $1,216 for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2017.

In March 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-05 "Income Taxes (Topic 740), amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (SEC Update)", which addresses the accounting and disclosures around the enactment of the Tax Act and SAB 118, which was issued in December 2017. SAB 118 was issued to address the application of U.S. GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared, or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act. In accordance with SAB 118, the Company determined that the $492 of additional income tax liability recorded at December 31, 2017 due to the provisions of the Tax Act was a provisional amount and constituted a reasonable estimate based upon the best information currently available.  During the third quarter of 2018, the Company revised its estimate of the one-time transition tax from $492 to $1,727.

In addition to providing for a territorial tax system, beginning in 2018 the Tax Act also includes two new U.S. tax base erosion provisions: the global intangible low-taxed income ("GILTI") provisions and the base-erosion and anti-abuse tax ("BEAT") provisions.

The GILTI provisions require the Company to include, in its U.S. federal income tax return, foreign subsidiary earnings in excess of an allowable return on the foreign subsidiary's tangible assets. The Company elected to account for GILTI tax in the period in which it is incurred, and, therefore, did not provide any deferred tax impacts of GILTI in its consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2017; however, a reasonable estimate of its impact has been included in the Company's effective tax rate for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018.

The BEAT provisions in the Tax Act eliminates the deduction of certain base-erosion payments made to related foreign corporations and imposes a minimum tax, if greater than regular tax. The Company does not expect it will be subject to this tax, and, therefore, has not included any tax impact of BEAT in its consolidated financial statements for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2018.

The Tax Act also provides for a new U.S. tax deduction, the foreign-derived intangible income ("FDII") provision.  The FDII provision allows the Company to claim a deduction, in its U.S. federal income tax return, based upon a percentage of calculated taxable income from foreign-derived intangible income.  A reasonable estimate of its impact has been included in the Company's effective tax rate for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2018.