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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Notes to Financial Statements  
Organization, Consolidation, Basis of Presentation, Business Description and Accounting Policies [Text Block]
(2)
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents.
Cash and cash equivalents include unrestricted demand deposits with banks and all highly liquid deposits with an original maturity of less than three months. The cash equivalents are not protected by federal deposit insurance.
 
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.
The Partnership reviews the accounts receivable to determine the adequacy of this allowance by regularly reviewing specific account payment history and circumstances, the accounts receivable aging, and historical write-off rates.
 
Consolidation.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Partnership, Royal, the Managing Partner and RHS. All significant intercompany balances and transactions, including management fees and distributions, have been eliminated.
 
Farming Costs.
The Partnership considers each orchard to be a separate cost center, which includes the depreciation/amortization of capitalized costs associated with each orchard’s acquisition and/or development and maintenance and harvesting costs directly attributable to each orchard. In accordance with industry practice in Hawaii and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”), orchard maintenance and harvesting costs for commercially producing macadamia orchards are charged against earnings in the year that the costs are incurred.
 
However, the timing and manner in which farming costs are recognized in the Partnership’s consolidated financial statements over the course of the year is based on management’s estimate of annual farming costs expected to be incurred. For interim financial reporting purposes, farming costs are recognized as expense based on an estimate of the cost incurred to produce macadamia nuts sold during the quarter. Management estimates the average cost per pound for each orchard based on the estimated annual costs to farm each orchard and the anticipated annual production from each orchard. The amount of farming costs recognized as expense throughout the year is calculated by multiplying each orchard’s estimated cost per pound by the actual production from that orchard. The difference between actual farming costs incurred and the amount of farming costs recognized as expense is recorded as either an increase or decrease in deferred farming costs, which is reported as an asset in the consolidated balance sheets. Deferred farming costs accumulate throughout the year, typically peaking midway through the third quarter, since nut production is typically lowest during the first and second quarter of the year. Deferred farming costs are expensed over the remainder of the year since nut production is typically highest at the end of the third and fourth quarters. Management evaluates the validity of each orchard’s estimated cost on a monthly basis based on actual production and farming costs incurred, as well as any known events that might significantly affect forecasted annual production and farming costs for the remainder of the year.
 
Inventory.
Inventories are recorded at the lower of cost (determined under the first-in first-out and standard cost methods) or market. Write-downs are provided for finished goods expected to become nonsaleable due to age, and provisions are specifically made for slow moving or obsolete raw ingredients and packaging material. The Company also adjusts the carrying value of its inventories when it believes that the net realizable value is less than the carrying value. These write-downs are measured as the difference between the cost of the inventory, including estimated costs to complete, and estimated selling prices, including cost of selling. These charges are recorded as a component of cost of sales. Once inventory is written down, a new, lower cost basis for inventory is established.
 
Land, Orchards and Equipment.
Land, orchards and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Net farming costs for any “developing” orchards are capitalized on the consolidated balance sheets until revenues exceed expenses for that orchard (or nine years after planting, if earlier). Developing orchards historically do not reach commercial viability until about 12 years of age.
 
Depreciation of orchards and other equipment is reported on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets (40 years for orchards, between 10 and 20 years for irrigation and well equipment, and between three and 12 years for other equipment). A 5% residual value is assumed for orchards. The macadamia orchards acquired in 1986 situated on leased land are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases (approximately 33 years from the inception of the Partnership) with no residual value assumed. The macadamia orchards acquired in 1989 situated on leased land are being amortized on a straight-line basis over a 40-year period (the terms of these leases exceed 40 years) with no residual value assumed. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed unless they exceed $5,000 and extend the useful life beyond the depreciable life.
 
The Partnership reviews long-lived assets held and used or held for sale for impairment at least annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If an evaluation is required, the estimated undiscounted future cash flows associated with the asset are compared to the asset’s carrying amount to determine if an impairment charge is required. If an impairment charge is required, the Partnership would write the assets down to fair value. All long-lived assets for which management has committed to a plan of disposal are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value as determined by quoted market price or a present value technique. Changes in projected cash flows generated by an asset based on new events or circumstances may indicate a change in fair value and require a new evaluation of recoverability of the asset. There were no indicators of impairment as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.
 
Other Assets.
Other assets consist primarily of nut purchase agreements and deferred financing costs which are amortized over the life of the respective agreement using the straight-line method and effective interest method, respectively.
 
General Excise and Sales Taxes.
The Partnership records Hawaii general excise and California sales taxes when goods and services are sold as components of revenues and expenses. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, Hawaii general excise taxes charged or passed on to customers and reflected in revenues and expenses amounted to $65,000 and $30,000 respectively. There were no California sales taxes charged or collected in 2014, as food products are not subject to sales tax in California. On September 1, 2013, the Partnership was allowed entry into the Hawaii Enterprise Zones Program. Participating in this program provides the Partnership with an exemption from paying the wholesale Hawaii general excise tax, along with other benefits. To remain in the program, the Partnership must increase annual revenue growth by 2% or headcount by 10% after the first year and 15% in each of years four, five, six and seven.
 
Income Taxes of Partnership.
Except as described below, the income of the Partnership is not taxed directly; rather, the Partnership’s tax attributes are included in the individual tax returns of its partners.
 
 
The Partnership is subject to a gross income tax as a result of its election to continue to be taxed as a partnership rather than to be taxed as a corporation, as allowed by the Taxpayer Relief Act of 1997. The provision for income taxes equates to a 3.5% federally prescribed rate applied to gross income (net revenues less cost of revenues as calculated on a tax basis) for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.
 
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial reporting and tax reporting basis of assets and liabilities.
 
The Partnership evaluates uncertain income tax positions utilizing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. At December 31, 2015, management believes there were no uncertain income tax positions.
 
Income Taxes of Royal.
Royal derives its revenues from the sale of branded macadamia nut products, which are reported under the corporation. Royal is subject to taxation as a C Corporation at the 34% federal tax rate and a blended state tax rate of approximately 6.9% on Royal’s taxable income (loss). As a result of the losses incurred by Royal since inception, the Partnership has recorded a deferred tax asset of $3.0 million and $2.4 million as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively
.
The Partnership has recorded a valuation allowance equal to 100% of the deferred tax asset in both years due to the uncertainty regarding future realization. The difference between Royal’s effective tax rate of 0% and the federal statutory rate of 34% is mainly attributable to the change in the valuation allowance during the year.
 
Management evaluates uncertain income tax positions for Royal utilizing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. At December 31, 2015, management believes there were no uncertain income tax positions
.
 
Revenue.
Macadamia nut sales are recognized when nuts are delivered to the buyer. Contract farming revenue and administrative services revenues are recognized in the period that such services are completed. The Partnership is paid for its services on a “time and materials” basis plus a percentage fee or fixed fee based upon each farming contract’s terms. Contract farming includes the regular maintenance of the owners’ orchards as well as harvesting of their nuts. The Partnership provides these services throughout the year. Revenue for the sale of branded products and bulk kernel is recognized when the products are delivered and ownership and risk of loss have been transferred to the customer and there is a reasonable assurance of collection of the sales proceeds. The Partnership recognizes sales net of estimated trade allowances, slotting fees, sales incentives, returns, advertising, reclamation and coupons. Amounts related to shipping and handling that are billed to customers are considered part of the sales price and are reflected in net sales, and the actual shipping and handling costs are reflected in general and administrative expenses.
 
Lease revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease.
 
Advertising.
Advertising costs are expensed as they are incurred. Advertising expenses for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were $139,000 and $106,000, respectively.
 
Pension Benefit and Intermittent Severance Costs.
The funded status of the Partnership’s defined benefit pension plan and intermittent severance plan is recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. The funded status is measured as the difference between fair value of the plan assets and the benefit obligation at December 31, the measurement date. The benefit obligation represents the actuarial present value of benefits expected to be paid upon termination based on estimated future compensation levels. An overfunded plan, with the fair value of plan assets exceeding the benefit obligation, is recorded as a prepaid pension asset equal to this excess. An underfunded plan, with the benefit obligation exceeding the fair value of plan assets, is recorded as a retirement benefit obligation equal to this excess. The actuarial method used for financial accounting purposes is the projected unit credit method.
 
Estimates.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates.
 
On an ongoing basis, the Partnership evaluates its estimates, including those related to revenue recognition and accounts receivable, farming costs, inventories, useful lives of orchards and equipment, valuation of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill, deferred taxes and employee benefits, among others. The Partnership bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable, the results of which form the basis for management’s judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities.
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Accumulated other comprehensive income represents the change in partners’ capital from transactions and other events and circumstances arising from non-unitholder sources. Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) consists of deferred pension and intermittent severance gains or losses. At December 31, 2015, our consolidated balance sheet reflected accumulated other comprehensive loss in the amount of $321,000. At December 31, 2014, our consolidated balance sheet reflected accumulated other comprehensive loss in the amount of $186,000.
 
New Accounting Standards.
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” The new guidance provides new criteria for recognizing revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in amounts that reflect the consideration to which the Partnership expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new guidance requires expanded disclosures to provide greater insight into both revenue that has been recognized and revenue that is expected to be recognized in the future from existing contracts. Quantitative and qualitative information will be provided about the significant judgments and changes in those judgments that management made to determine the revenue which is recorded. The standard will be effective prospectively for the first interim period within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is not permitted. The Partnership is currently assessing the provisions of the guidance and the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements-Going Concern.” This guidance requires management to evaluate whether there are conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. If such conditions or events exist, disclosures are required that enable users of the financial statements to understand the nature of the conditions or events, management’s evaluation of the circumstances and management’s plans to mitigate the conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. ASU No. 2014-15 is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The Partnership is currently assessing the provisions of the guidance and the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, “Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs.” This guidance requires debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented on the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. This guidance simplifies presentation of debt issuance costs but does not address presentation or subsequent measurement of debt issue costs related to line of credit arrangements. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-15 “Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30) Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements” which indicates the SEC staff would not object to an entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. ASU 2015-03 will be effective for the first interim period within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption is permitted. The Partnership is currently assessing the provisions of the guidance and the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. ASU No. 2015-17 requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent on the balance sheet. ASU 2015-17 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The Partnership is currently assessing the provisions of the guidance and the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.
 
In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-02, Leases. The new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available.
The Partnership is currently assessing the provisions of the guidance and the impact of the adoption on its consolidated financial statements.