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31. Statutory Reserves
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Statutory Reserves Disclosure [Text Block]

31. STATUTORY RESERVES


Relevant PRC laws and regulations permit payments of dividends by the Company’s PRC subsidiaries and affiliates only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with the PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, the statutory general reserve fund requires that annual appropriations of 10% of net after-tax income be set aside prior to payment of any dividends. The appropriations to the statutory general reserve are required until the balance reaches 50% of the PRC entity registered capital. As a result of these and other restrictions under PRC laws and regulations, the PRC subsidiaries and affiliates are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets to the Company either in the form of dividends, loans or advances. For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Group made appropriations of $2,136,318, $2,215,389 and $2,271,357 to the statutory general reserve fund, respectively.