Income Taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

8. Income Taxes

Our income tax provision and the respective effective income tax rates are as follows (in millions, except for income tax rates):

	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023			2022
Provision for income taxes	$	4.2		$	6.4
Effective income tax rate	15.6		%	19.5		%

Our provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2023 includes a discrete income tax benefit of $3.8 million, net, which relates to a tax benefit of $3.1 million for the reversal of a valuation allowance previously recorded against a U.S. state's deferred tax assets and a tax benefit of $0.7 million, net, related to other worldwide tax adjustments including changes resulting from tax return filings. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, the provision includes a net discrete income tax benefit of $1.2 million which relates to a tax benefit of $4.1 million for the remeasurement of an uncertain tax position, a tax expense of $2.0 million for changes related to our state apportionment factors and state net operating loss positions, and a tax expense of $0.8 million related to other worldwide adjustments.

Our income tax provisions for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were calculated based on the estimated annual effective income tax rates for the 2023 and 2022 years, respectively. The actual effective income tax rate for the 2023 year may be materially different for several reasons including differences between estimated versus actual results and the geographic tax jurisdictions in which the results are earned.

We have various tax returns under examination both in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. The most material of these is in Denmark for the 2013 - 2019 tax year, where one of our subsidiaries has been under audit since 2018. Through March 31, 2023, we have received final tax assessments for the 2013 and 2014 tax years that were immaterial, a proposed tax assessment for the 2015 tax year of approximately $14.0 million (DKK 96.1 million), and proposed tax assessments for the 2016 and 2017 tax years of approximately $19.5 million (DKK 133.8 million) and $22.6 million (DKK 155.5 million), respectively. We believe these assessments are without merit and are vigorously defending against the actions. We have not yet received any proposed assessments related to the 2018 or 2019 tax years, which could be materially larger than the previous assessments if a similar methodology is applied.

In April, 2023, we received notification that the U.S. examinations of our 2017 and 2018 tax years are closed as expected.

An unfavorable resolution of one or more of the above matters could have a material adverse effect on our operating results or cash flows in the quarter or year in which the adjustments are recorded, or the tax is due or paid. As examinations are still in process or have not yet reached the final stages of the appeals process, the timing of the ultimate resolution or payments that may be required cannot be determined at this time.