We measure certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is a market-based measure considered from the perspective of a market participant rather than an entity-specific measure. An entity is required to classify certain assets and liabilities measured at fair value based on the following fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value:

Level 2 – Quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3– Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, may be derived from internally developed methodologies based on management's best estimate of fair value and that are significant to the fair value of the asset or liability.

Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect its placement within the fair value hierarchy. The following tables show, by level within the fair value hierarchy, our financial assets and liabilities that are accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis.


	December 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Investment securities
Money market funds	$	6,435	$	140,125	$	—	$	146,560
Equity securities	—		12,518		—		12,518
Commingled fixed income securities	1,612		534		—		2,146
Government and related securities	2,334		13,410		—		15,744
Corporate debt securities	—		42,159		—		42,159
Mortgage-backed / asset-backed securities	—		98,464		—		98,464



Total assets	$	10,381	$	307,210	$	—	$	317,591


	December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Investment securities
Money market funds	$	13,366	$	188,484	$	—	$	201,850
Equity securities	—		15,341		—		15,341
Commingled fixed income securities	1,581		5,741		—		7,322
Government and related securities	11,489		18,999		—		30,488
Corporate debt securities	—		54,330		—		54,330
Mortgage-backed / asset-backed securities	—		119,901		—		119,901
Derivatives
Interest rate swap	—		8,425		—		8,425

Total assets	$	26,436	$	411,221	$	—	$	437,657

The valuation of investment securities is based on a market approach using inputs that are observable, or can be corroborated by observable data, in an active marketplace. The following information relates to our classification within the fair value hierarchy:

•Money Market Funds: Money market funds typically invest in government securities, certificates of deposit, commercial paper and other highly liquid, low risk securities. Money market funds are principally used for overnight deposits and are classified as Level 1 when unadjusted quoted prices in active markets are available and as Level 2 when they are not actively traded on an exchange.

•Equity Securities: Equity securities are comprised of mutual funds investing in U.S. and foreign stocks. These mutual funds are classified as Level 2.

•Commingled Fixed Income Securities: Commingled fixed income securities are comprised of mutual funds that invest in a variety of fixed income securities, including securities of the U.S. government and its agencies, corporate debt, mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities. Fair value is based on the value of the underlying investments owned by each fund, minus its liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding, as reported by the fund manager. These mutual funds are classified as Level 1 when unadjusted quoted prices in active markets are available and as Level 2 when they are not actively traded on an exchange.

•Government and Related Securities: Debt securities are classified as Level 1 when unadjusted quoted prices in active markets are available. Debt securities are classified as Level 2 where fair value is determined using quoted market prices for similar securities or benchmarking model derived prices to quoted market prices and trade data for identical or comparable securities.

•Corporate Debt Securities: Corporate debt securities are valued using recently executed comparable transactions, market price quotations or bond spreads for the same maturity as the security. These securities are classified as Level 2.

•Mortgage-Backed Securities / Asset-Backed Securities: These securities are valued based on external pricing indices or on external price/spread data. These securities are classified as Level 2.

•Interest Rate Swaps: The valuation of interest rate swaps is based on an income approach using inputs that are observable or that can be derived from, or corroborated by, observable market data. These securities are classified as Level 2.


	December 31, 2024
	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value

Government and related securities	$	21,432	$	(5,688)	$	15,744
Corporate debt securities	50,367		(8,208)		42,159
Commingled fixed income securities	1,835		(223)		1,612
Mortgage-backed / asset-backed securities	123,289		(24,825)		98,464
Total	$	196,923	$	(38,944)	$	157,979


	December 31, 2023
	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized losses		Estimated fair value

Government and related securities	$	35,048	$	(7,018)	$	28,030
Corporate debt securities	65,008		(10,678)		54,330
Commingled fixed income securities	1,788		(207)		1,581
Mortgage-backed / asset-backed securities	146,022		(26,121)		119,901
Total	$	247,866	$	(44,024)	$	203,842


	December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Fair Value		Gross unrealized losses		Fair Value		Gross unrealized losses
Greater than 12 continuous months
Government and related securities	$	15,744	$	5,688	$	28,030	$	7,018
Corporate debt securities	39,845		8,206		51,948		10,466

Mortgage-backed / asset-backed securities	98,464		24,825		119,901		26,121
Total	$	154,053	$	38,719	$	199,879	$	43,605

Less than 12 continuous months

Corporate debt securities	$	2,314	$	2	$	2,382	$	212
Commingled fixed income securities	1,612		223		1,581		207

Total	$	3,926	$	225	$	3,963	$	419

At December 31, 2024, substantially all securities in the investment portfolio were in an unrealized loss position. However, we have the ability and intent to hold these securities until recovery of the unrealized losses or expect to receive the stated principal and interest at maturity. Accordingly, we have not recognized an impairment loss and our allowance for credit losses on these investment securities is not significant.


	Amortized cost		Estimated fair value
Within 1 year	$	4,146	$	3,926
After 1 year through 5 years	4,460		4,028
After 5 years through 10 years	51,237		44,200
After 10 years	137,080		105,825
Total	$	196,923	$	157,979

The actual maturities may not coincide with scheduled maturities as certain securities contain early redemption features and/or allow for the prepayment of obligations with or without penalty.

Held-to-maturity securities at December 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled $203 million and $265 million, respectively. Held-to-maturity securities include certificates of deposits with maturities less than 90 days and highly-liquid government securities with maturities less than two years.

In October 2022, we invested $10 million in Ambi Robotics Inc., a robotics solutions company, via a SAFE arrangement. The SAFE investment provides us the right to participate in future equity offerings by Ambi Robotics Inc. The investment was carried at cost and recorded in Other assets. Due to the loss by Ambi Robotics Inc. of a significant customer, in the third quarter of 2024 we determined the investment was impaired and recorded a $10 million impairment charge.

We had interest rate swap agreements that matured on December 31, 2024, that effectively converted $200 million of variable rate debt to fixed rates. Under the terms of the interest rate swaps, we paid fixed-rate interest of 0.585% and received variable-rate interest based on one-month SOFR plus 0.1%. The variable interest rates under the term loans and the swaps reset monthly. These swaps were designated as cash flow hedges and recorded at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Changes in fair value are reflected in AOCL. The impact of these interest rate swaps was as follows:









	Years Ended December 31,
	Derivative Gain (Loss) Recognized in AOCL (Effective Portion)				Location of Gain (Loss) (Effective Portion)	Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCL to Earnings (Effective Portion)
Derivative Instrument	2024		2023			2024		2023


Interest rate swaps	$	(8,425)	$	(6,858)	Interest expense	$	10,124	$	9,708

In the first nine months of 2023, we had outstanding foreign exchange contracts to minimize the impact on earnings from the revaluation of short-term interest-bearing intercompany loans denominated in a foreign currency. These foreign exchange contracts were not designated as hedging instruments and the revaluation of intercompany loans and the change in fair value of these derivatives were recorded in earnings. The mark-to-market adjustment on these foreign exchange contracts for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023 was a gain of $4 million and significantly offset the corresponding loss on the revaluation of intercompany loans.

Our financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, investment securities, accounts receivable, loan receivables, derivative instruments, accounts payable and debt. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, loans receivable, held-to-maturity investment securities and accounts payable approximate fair value. The fair value of available-for-sale investment securities and derivative instruments are presented above. The fair value of our debt is estimated based on recently executed transactions and market price quotations. The inputs used to determine the fair value of our debt were classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value and estimated fair value of our debt was as follows: