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Retail Class | Transamerica High Yield Muni
Transamerica High Yield Muni
Investment Objective:
Seeks to maximize total return through investment in medium- and lower-grade municipal securities that are exempt from federal income tax.
Fees and Expenses:
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund.

You may qualify for sales charge discounts if you and your family invest, or agree to invest in the future, at least $50,000 in Transamerica Funds. More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial professional, in the “Waivers and Reductions of Sales Charges” section on page 298 of the fund’s prospectus, in the Appendix – “Waivers and Discounts Available from Intermediaries,” and in the fund’s statement of additional information (SAI) under the heading “Purchase of Shares.”
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)
Shareholder Fees - Retail Class - Transamerica High Yield Muni
A
C
I
Maximum sales charge (load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price) 3.25% none none
Maximum deferred sales charge (load) (as a percentage of purchase price or redemption proceeds, whichever is lower) none [1] 1.00% none
[1] Purchases of Class A shares in amounts of $1 million or more that are not subject to an initial sales charge may be subject to a 1.00% contingent deferred sales charge if those shares are redeemed within 24 months of their purchase.
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
Annual Fund Operating Expenses - Retail Class - Transamerica High Yield Muni
A
C
I
Management fees 0.54% 0.54% 0.54%
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees 0.25% 1.00% none
Other expenses 0.25% 0.27% 0.30%
Acquired fund fees and expenses [1] 0.01% 0.01% 0.01%
Total annual fund operating expenses 1.05% 1.82% 0.85%
Fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement [2] 0.13% 0.30% 0.08%
Total annual fund operating expenses after fee waiver and/or expense reimbursement 0.92% 1.52% 0.77%
[1] Acquired fund fees and expenses reflect the fund’s pro rata share of the fees and expenses incurred by investing in other investment companies. Acquired fund fees and expenses are not included in the calculation of the ratios of expenses to average net assets shown in the Financial Highlights section of the fund’s prospectus.
[2] Contractual arrangements have been made with the fund’s investment manager, Transamerica Asset Management, Inc. (“TAM”), through March 1, 2021 to waive fees and/or reimburse fund expenses to the extent that total annual fund operating expenses exceed 1.01% for Class A shares, 1.76% for Class C shares and 0.76% for Class I shares, excluding, as applicable, acquired fund fees and expenses, interest, taxes, brokerage commissions, dividend and interest expenses on securities sold short, extraordinary expenses and other expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the fund’s business. These arrangements cannot be terminated prior to March 1, 2021 without the Board of Trustees’ consent. TAM is permitted to recapture amounts waived and/or reimbursed to a class during any of the 36 months from the date on which TAM waived fees and/or reimbursed expenses for the class. A class may reimburse TAM only if such reimbursement does not cause, on any particular business day of the fund, the class’ total annual operating expenses (after the reimbursement is taken into account) to exceed the applicable limits described above or any other lower limit then in effect. In addition, 0.10% of the 0.25% distribution and services (12b-1) fee for Class A shares and 0.25% of the 1.00% distribution and services (12b-1) fee for Class C shares will be contractually waived through March 1, 2021.
Example:
This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all shares at the end of those periods (unless otherwise indicated). The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Only the 1 year dollar amount shown below reflects TAM's agreement to waive fees and/or reimburse fund expenses. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
If the shares are redeemed at the end of each period:
Expense Example - Retail Class - Transamerica High Yield Muni - USD ($)
1 year
3 years
5 years
10 years
Class A 416 636 873 1,555
Class C 255 543 957 2,113
Class I 79 263 464 1,042
If the shares are not redeemed:
Expense Example, No Redemption - Retail Class - Transamerica High Yield Muni - USD ($)
1 year
3 years
5 years
10 years
Class A 416 636 873 1,555
Class C 155 543 957 2,113
Class I 79 263 464 1,042
Portfolio Turnover:
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the fund’s performance.

During the most recent fiscal year, the portfolio turnover rate for the fund was 54% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies:
Under normal circumstances, the fund’s sub-adviser, Belle Haven Investments, L.P. (the “sub-adviser”), invests at least 80% of the fund’s net assets (plus the amount of borrowings, if any, for investment purposes) in municipal fixed-income securities the interest from which is exempt from federal income tax and the federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) applicable to individuals. Interest income from some of the municipal obligations in which the fund may invest may be subject to AMT. The fund invests primarily in general obligation and revenue bonds issued by U.S. municipal issuers, as well as issuers in U.S. territories and possessions. The fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in any sector or sub-sector of the municipal bond market.

The fund is an actively managed, total return strategy that seeks to identify inefficiencies in the municipal bond market. The process is engineered to seek to exploit mispricing that may be apparent at the issuer, credit, industry, security and/or maturity level based on macro-economic and fundamental analysis. Analysis is also used to determine the fund’s yield curve positioning. Investment decisions are made to maximize total return while balancing portfolio risk. The fund’s investments generally include higher yielding municipal bonds, specifically medium- to- lower-grade municipal bonds. High-yield, lower-grade debt securities (commonly known as “junk bonds”) are those rated below “Baa” by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or lower than “BBB” by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”) or Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”) or comparable ratings by other nationally recognized rating organizations (or, in the case of unrated securities, determined by the sub-adviser to be of comparable quality). The fund has the flexibility to invest the remainder of its assets in a broad array of issuers across the credit spectrum.

The fund may also invest up to 15% of its assets in municipal bonds that are distressed securities. Distressed securities are securities that are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or are rated in the lowest rating categories by at least one independent rating agency (“CC” or lower by S&P or Fitch or “Ca” or lower by Moody’s), or if unrated, judged to be of comparable quality by the sub-adviser. The fund may also invest in higher quality debt securities.

Under normal conditions, the duration of the fund will generally vary between three and 20 years. Duration is a measure of the expected life of a fixed income security that is used to determine the sensitivity of a security to changes in interest rates. The fund does not limit the maturity of the securities in which it invests. The maturity of a fixed income security is the measure of time remaining until the final payment on the security is due. However, under normal circumstances, the fund may focus on longer-term maturities in an effort to capture the higher yields generally associated with such maturities. The fund may invest more than 25% of its assets in securities relating to one political subdivision, such as any state or U.S. territory. The fund may invest in derivative instruments such as options and futures contracts for speculative, hedging, or duration management purposes. The fund may also invest in exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) as well as municipal bond closed-end funds.

The fund is non-diversified.
Principal Risks:
Risk is inherent in all investing. Many factors and risks affect the fund's performance, including those described below. The value of your investment in the fund, as well as the amount of return you receive on your investment, may fluctuate significantly day to day and over time. You may lose part or all of your investment in the fund or your investment may not perform as well as other similar investments. The following is a summary description of principal risks (in alphabetical order after certain key risks) of investing in the fund. An investment in the fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. You may lose money if you invest in this fund.

Market – The market prices of the fund's securities may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably, due to general market conditions, such as overall economic trends or events, government actions or interventions, market disruptions caused by trade disputes or other factors, political factors or adverse investor sentiment. The market prices of securities also may go down due to events or conditions that affect particular sectors, industries or issuers. Adverse market conditions may be prolonged and may not have the same impact on all types of securities. If the market prices of the securities owned by the fund fall, the value of your investment will go down. The fund may experience a substantial or complete loss on any individual security.

Economies and financial markets throughout the world are increasingly interconnected. Economic, financial or political events, trading and tariff arrangements, terrorism, technology and data interruptions, natural disasters and other circumstances in one country or region could be highly disruptive to, and have profound impacts on, global economies or markets. During periods of market disruption, the fund's exposure to the risks described elsewhere in this summary will likely increase. As a result, whether or not the fund invests in securities of issuers located in or with significant exposure to the countries directly affected, the value and liquidity of the fund's investments may be negatively affected.

Municipal Securities – The municipal bond market can be susceptible to unusual volatility, particularly for lower-rated and unrated securities. Liquidity can be reduced unpredictably in response to overall economic conditions or credit tightening. Municipal issuers may be adversely affected by rising health care costs, increasing unfunded pension liabilities, and by the phasing out of federal programs providing financial support. Unfavorable conditions and developments relating to projects financed with municipal securities can result in lower revenues to issuers of municipal securities, potentially resulting in defaults. Issuers often depend on revenues from these projects to make principal and interest payments. The value of municipal securities can also be adversely affected by changes in the financial condition of one or more individual municipal issuers or insurers of municipal issuers, regulatory and political developments, tax law changes or other legislative actions, and by uncertainties and public perceptions concerning these and other factors. To the extent the fund invests significantly in a single state or in securities the payments on which are dependent upon a single project or source of revenues, or that relate to a sector or industry, the fund will be more susceptible to associated risks and developments. Municipal issuers may be more susceptible to downgrades or defaults during recessions or similar periods of economic stress. A number of municipal issuers have defaulted on obligations, commenced insolvency proceedings, or suffered credit downgrading. Financial difficulties of municipal issuers may continue or worsen.

Investment in municipal securities of issuers in Guam, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, or other U.S. territories may have more risks than tax-exempt securities issued by other issuers due to the political, social and/or economic conditions in the particular territory.

Interest Rate – Interest rates in the U.S. and certain foreign markets have been low relative to historic levels. The fund faces a risk that interest rates may rise. The value of fixed income securities generally goes down when interest rates rise, and therefore the value of your investment in the fund may also go down. Debt securities have varying levels of sensitivity to changes in interest rates. A rise in rates tends to have a greater impact on the prices of longer term or duration securities. A significant or rapid rise in rates may result in losses. Changes in interest rates may affect the liquidity and value of the fund’s investments. A general rise in interest rates may cause investors to move out of fixed income securities on a large scale, which could adversely affect the price and liquidity of fixed income securities and could also result in increased redemptions from the fund. If the fund holds variable or floating rate securities, a decrease in interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities and the value of the fund’s shares.

Credit – If an issuer or other obligor (such as a party providing insurance or other credit enhancement) of a security held by the fund or a counterparty to a financial contract with the fund is unable or unwilling to meet its financial obligations or is downgraded, or is perceived to be less creditworthy, or if the value of any underlying assets declines, the value of your investment will typically decline. A decline may be significant, particularly in certain market environments. In addition, the fund may incur costs and may be hindered or delayed in enforcing its rights against an issuer, obligor or counterparty. The degree of credit risk of a security or financial contract depends upon, among other things, the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the security or contract.

High-Yield Debt Securities – High-yield debt securities, commonly referred to as “junk” bonds, are securities that are rated below “investment grade” or, if unrated, determined to be below investment grade by the sub-adviser. Issuers of junk bonds are typically in weaker financial health. Changes in interest rates, the market’s perception of the issuers, the creditworthiness of the issuers and negative perceptions of the junk bond market generally may significantly affect the value of these bonds. Junk bonds are considered speculative, have a higher risk of default, tend to be less liquid and may be more difficult to value than higher grade securities, and they may result in losses for the fund. Junk bonds tend to be volatile and more susceptible to adverse events, credit downgrades and negative sentiments.

Liquidity – The fund may make investments that are illiquid or that become illiquid after purchase. Illiquid investments can be difficult to value, may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments, and may be subject to wide fluctuations in value. As a general matter, a reduction in the willingness or ability of dealers and other institutional investors to make markets in fixed income securities may result in even less liquidity in certain markets. If the fund is forced to sell an illiquid investment to meet redemption requests or other cash needs, the fund may be forced to sell at a loss. The fund may not receive its proceeds from the sale of less liquid or illiquid securities for an extended period (for example, several weeks or even longer), and such sale may involve additional costs. Liquidity of particular investments, or even an entire market segment, can deteriorate rapidly, particularly during times of market turmoil, and those investments may be difficult or impossible for the fund to sell. This may prevent the fund from limiting losses.

Counterparty – The fund will be subject to the risk that the counterparties to derivatives, repurchase agreements and other financial contracts entered into by the fund or held by special purpose or structured vehicles in which the fund invests will not fulfill their contractual obligations. Adverse changes to counterparties (including derivatives exchanges and clearinghouses) may cause the value of financial contracts to go down. If a counterparty becomes bankrupt or otherwise fails to perform its obligations, the value of your investment in the fund may decline. In addition, the fund may incur costs and may be hindered or delayed in enforcing its rights against a counterparty.

Extension – When interest rates rise, repayments of fixed income securities, particularly asset- and mortgage-backed securities, may occur more slowly than anticipated, extending the effective duration of these fixed income securities at below market interest rates and causing their market prices to decline more than they would have declined due to the rise in interest rates alone. This may cause the fund’s share price to be more volatile or go down.

Prepayment or Call – Many issuers have a right to prepay their fixed income securities. Issuers may be more likely to prepay their securities if interest rates fall. If this happens, the fund will not benefit from the rise in the market price of the securities that normally accompanies a decline in interest rates and will be forced to reinvest prepayment proceeds at a time when yields on securities available in the market are lower than the yield on prepaid securities. The fund may also lose any premium it paid on prepaid securities.

Non-Diversification – The fund is classified as “non-diversified,” which means it may invest a larger percentage of its assets in a smaller number of issuers than a diversified fund. To the extent the fund invests its assets in a smaller number of issuers, the fund will be more susceptible to negative events affecting those issuers than a diversified fund.

Valuation – The sales price the fund could receive for any particular portfolio investment may differ from the fund's valuation of the investment, particularly for securities that trade in thin or volatile markets, that are priced based upon valuations provided by third-party pricing services that use matrix or evaluated pricing systems, or that are valued using a fair value methodology. Investors who purchase or redeem fund shares on days when the fund is holding fair-valued securities may receive fewer or more shares or lower or higher redemption proceeds than they would have received if the fund had not fair-valued securities or had used a different valuation methodology. The fund's ability to value its investments may be impacted by technological issues and/or errors by pricing services or other third party service providers.

Focused Investing – To the extent the fund invests in a limited number of countries, regions, sectors, industries or market segments, in a limited number of issuers, or in issuers in related businesses or that are subject to related operating risks, the fund will be more susceptible to negative events affecting those countries, regions, sectors, industries, segments or issuers, and the value of its shares may be more volatile than if it invested more widely. Local events, such as political upheaval, social unrest, wars and terror attacks, financial troubles, pandemics, epidemics and natural disasters may disrupt a country’s or region’s securities markets. Geographic risk is especially high in emerging and frontier markets.

Management – The value of your investment may go down if the investment manager’s or sub-adviser's judgments and decisions are incorrect or otherwise do not produce the desired results. You may also suffer losses if there are imperfections, errors or limitations in the quantitative, analytic or other tools, resources, information and data used, investment techniques applied, or the analyses employed or relied on, by the investment manager or sub-adviser, if such tools, resources, information or data are used incorrectly or otherwise do not work as intended, or if the investment manager’s or sub-adviser's investment style is out of favor or otherwise fails to produce the desired results. The fund’s investment strategies may not work as intended or otherwise fail to produce the desired results. Any of these things could cause the fund to lose value or its results to lag relevant benchmarks or other funds with similar objectives.

Active Trading – The fund may purchase and sell securities without regard to the length of time held. Active trading may have a negative impact on performance by increasing transaction costs and may generate greater amounts of net short-term capital gains, which, for shareholders holding shares in taxable accounts, would generally be subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates upon distribution. During periods of market volatility, active trading may be more pronounced.

Derivatives – Derivatives involve special risks and costs and may result in losses to the fund. Using derivatives exposes the fund to additional or heightened risks, including leverage risk, liquidity risk, valuation risk, market risk, counterparty risk and credit risk. Their usage can increase fund losses and reduce opportunities for gains when market prices or volatility, interest rates, currencies, or the derivatives themselves, behave in a way not anticipated. Using derivatives may have a leveraging effect, increase fund volatility and not produce the result intended. Certain derivatives have the potential for unlimited loss, regardless of the size of the initial investment. Even a small investment in derivatives can have a disproportionate impact on the fund. Derivatives may be difficult to sell, unwind or value, and the counterparty (including, if applicable, the fund’s clearing broker, the derivatives exchange or the clearinghouse) may default on its obligations to the fund. In certain cases, the fund may incur costs and may be hindered or delayed in enforcing its rights against or closing out derivatives instruments with a counterparty, which may result in additional losses. Derivatives are subject to additional risks such as operational risk, including settlement issues, and legal risk, including that underlying documentation is incomplete or ambiguous. Derivatives are also generally subject to the risks applicable to the assets, rates, indices or other indicators underlying the derivative, including market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, management and valuation risk. Also, suitable derivative transactions may not be available in all circumstances. The value of a derivative may fluctuate more or less than, or otherwise not correlate well with, the underlying assets, rates, indices or other indicators to which it relates. The fund may be required to segregate or earmark liquid assets or otherwise cover its obligations under derivatives transactions and may have to liquidate positions before it is desirable in order to meet these segregation and coverage requirements. Use of derivatives may have different tax consequences for the fund than an investment in the underlying assets or indices, and those differences may affect the amount, timing and character of income distributed to shareholders.

Distressed or Defaulted Securities – Investments in defaulted securities and obligations of distressed issuers, including securities that are, or may be, involved in reorganizations or other financial restructurings, either out of court or in bankruptcy, involve substantial risks in addition to the risks of investing in high-yield debt securities, and are considered speculative. The fund may suffer significant losses if the reorganization or restructuring is not completed as anticipated. The fund will generally not receive interest payments on the distressed securities and may incur costs to protect its investment. Repayment of defaulted securities and obligations of distressed issuers is subject to significant uncertainties, and the fund could lose its entire investment.

Fixed-Income Securities – Fixed-income securities are subject to risks including credit risk, interest rate risk, counterparty risk, prepayment risk, extension risk, valuation risk, and liquidity risk. The value of fixed-income securities may go up or down, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably, due to general market conditions, such as real or perceived adverse economic or political conditions, tariffs and trade disruptions, inflation, changes in interest rates, lack of liquidity in the bond markets or adverse investor sentiment. In addition, the value of a fixed-income security may decline if the issuer or other obligor of the security fails to pay principal and/or interest, otherwise defaults or has its credit rating downgraded or is perceived to be less creditworthy, or the credit quality or value of any underlying assets declines. If the value of fixed-income securities owned by the fund falls, the value of your investment will go down. The prices of fixed-income securities will generally go down when interest rates rise. Interest rates in the U.S. and certain foreign markets have been low relative to historic levels, so the fund faces a risk that interest rates may rise. A rise in rates tends to have a greater impact on the prices of longer term or duration securities.

Investments by Affiliated Funds and Unaffiliated Funds – A significant portion of the fund’s shares may be owned by other funds sponsored by Transamerica and/or parties not affiliated with Transamerica. Transactions by these funds may be disruptive to the management of the fund. For example, the fund may experience large redemptions and could be required to sell securities at a time when it may not otherwise desire to do so. Such transactions may increase the fund’s brokerage and/or other transaction costs and could also accelerate the realization of taxable capital gains in the fund. In addition, sizeable redemptions could cause the fund’s total expenses to increase.

Leveraging – The value of your investment may be more volatile to the extent that the fund borrows or uses derivatives or other investments, such as ETFs, that have embedded leverage. Other risks also will be compounded because leverage generally magnifies the effect of a change in the value of an asset and creates a risk of loss of value on a larger pool of assets than the fund would otherwise have. The use of leverage is considered to be a speculative investment practice and may result in the loss of a substantial amount, and possibly all, of the fund's assets. The fund also may have to sell assets at inopportune times to satisfy its obligations or meet segregation or coverage requirements.

Taxable Investments – Although distributions of interest income from the fund’s tax-exempt securities are generally exempt from regular federal income tax, distributions from other sources, including capital gain distributions, and any gains on the sale of your shares are not. In addition, the interest on the fund’s municipal securities could become subject to regular federal income tax due to noncompliant conduct by issuers, unfavorable legislation or litigation, or adverse interpretations by regulatory authorities. You should consult a tax adviser about whether the alternative minimum tax applies to you and about state and local taxes on your fund distributions.

Underlying Exchange-Traded Funds – To the extent the fund invests its assets in underlying ETFs, its ability to achieve its investment objective will depend in part on the performance of the underlying ETFs in which it invests. Investing in underlying ETFs subjects the fund to the risks of investing in the underlying securities or assets held by those ETFs. Each of the underlying ETFs in which the fund may invest has its own investment risks, and those risks can affect the value of the underlying ETFs’ shares and therefore the value of the fund's investments. There can be no assurance that the investment objective of any underlying ETF will be achieved. To the extent that the fund invests more of its assets in one underlying ETF than in another, the fund will have greater exposure to the risks of that underlying ETF. In addition, the fund will bear a pro rata portion of the operating expenses of the underlying ETFs in which it invests.

Equity-based ETFs are subject to risks similar to those of stocks; fixed income-based ETFs are subject to risks similar to those of fixed-income securities. An investment in an ETF generally presents the same primary risks as an investment in a conventional fund (i.e., one that is not exchange-traded) that has the same investment objectives, strategies and policies. The price of an ETF can fluctuate up and down, and the fund could lose money investing in an ETF if the prices of the securities owned by the ETF go down. In addition, ETFs are subject to certain risks that do not apply to conventional funds, including: (i) the market price of an ETF’s shares may be above or below the shares’ net asset value; (ii) during periods of market volatility, the share prices of ETFs may deviate significantly from their NAVs; (iii) an active trading market for an ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained; (iv) trading of an ETF’s shares may be halted if the listing exchange’s officials deem such action appropriate, the shares are delisted from the exchange, the activation of market-wide “circuit breakers” (which are tied to large decreases in stock prices) halts stock trading generally, or trading in one or more of the ETF’s underlying securities is halted, which could result in the ETF being more volatile; or (v) a limited number of institutions may act as authorized participants to create or redeem block-sized units of ETF shares. In the event substantial market or other disruptions affecting ETFs should occur in the future, the liquidity and value of the fund's shares could also be substantially and adversely affected.
Performance:
The bar chart and the table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. The bar chart shows how the fund’s performance has varied from year to year. The table shows how the fund’s average annual total returns for different periods compare to the returns of a broad measure of market performance.

The bar chart does not reflect the impact of sales charges, which, if reflected, would lower the returns. The table includes deduction of applicable sales charges.

Absent any applicable fee waivers and/or expense limitations, performance would be lower.

As with all mutual funds, past performance (before and after taxes) is not a prediction of future results. Updated performance information is available on our website at www.transamerica.com/individual/products/mutual-funds/performance/ or by calling 1-888-233-4339.
Annual Total Returns (calendar years ended December 31) - Class A
Bar Chart
  Quarter Ended Return
Best Quarter: 6/30/2014 5.31%
Worst Quarter: 12/31/2016 -6.64%
Average Annual Total Returns (periods ended December 31, 2019)
Average Annual Total Returns - Retail Class - Transamerica High Yield Muni
1 Year
5 Years
Since Inception
Inception Date
Class A 5.91% 4.26% 6.55% Jul. 31, 2013
Class A | Return after taxes on distributions 5.73% 4.02% 6.08% Jul. 31, 2013
Class A | Return after taxes on distributions and sale of fund shares 4.80% 3.85% 5.60% Jul. 31, 2013
Class C 7.80% 4.34% 6.50% Jul. 31, 2013
Class I 9.61% 5.11% 7.29% Jul. 31, 2013
Bloomberg Barclays High Yield Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) 10.68% 5.93% 6.52%  
The after-tax returns are calculated using the historic highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns may depend on the investor’s individual tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns may not be relevant if the investment is made through a tax-exempt or tax-deferred account, such as a 401(k) plan.

After-tax returns are presented for only one class, and returns for other classes are presented before taxes only and will vary.