10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

______________________________

FORM 10-Q

ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018

OR

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-10315

______________________________

Encompass Health Corporation

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

Delaware	63-0860407
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
9001 Liberty Parkway Birmingham, Alabama	35242
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)
(205) 967-7116
(Registrant’s telephone number)
3660 Grandview Parkway, Suite 200 Birmingham, Alabama 35243
(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer   ýAccelerated filer   o Non-Accelerated filer   o

Smaller reporting company   oEmerging growth company   o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes o No ý

The registrant had 98,928,266 shares of common stock outstanding, net of treasury shares, as of October 25, 2018.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page
PART I	Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	1
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	39
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	61
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	62
PART II	Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	63
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	63
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	63
Item 6.	Exhibits	64

NOTE TO READERS

As used in this report, the terms “Encompass Health,” “we,” “us,” “our,” and the “Company” refer to Encompass Health Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise stated or indicated by context. This drafting style is suggested by the Securities and Exchange Commission and is not meant to imply that Encompass Health Corporation, the publicly traded parent company, owns or operates any specific asset, business, or property. The hospitals, operations, and businesses described in this filing are primarily owned and operated by subsidiaries of the parent company. In addition, we use the term “Encompass Health Corporation” to refer to Encompass Health Corporation alone wherever a distinction between Encompass Health Corporation and its subsidiaries is required or aids in the understanding of this filing.

i

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This quarterly report contains historical information, as well as forward-looking statements that involve known and unknown risks and relate to, among other things, future events, changes to Medicare reimbursement and other healthcare laws and regulations from time to time, our business strategy, our dividend and stock repurchase strategies, our financial plans, our growth plans, our future financial performance, our projected business results, or our projected capital expenditures. In some cases, the reader can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “targets,” “potential,” or “continue” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Such forward-looking statements are necessarily estimates based upon current information and involve a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. Any forward-looking statement is based on information current as of the date of this report and speaks only as of the date on which such statement is made. Actual events or results may differ materially from the results anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of a variety of factors. While it is impossible to identify all such factors, factors that could cause actual results to differ, such as decreases in revenues or increases in costs or charges, materially from those estimated by us include, but are not limited to, the following:

• each of the factors discussed in Item 1A, Risk Factors, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as well as uncertainties and factors, if any, discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, including in the “Executive Overview—Key Challenges” section of Part I, Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our other filings from time to time with the SEC, or in materials incorporated therein by reference;

• changes in the rules and regulations of the healthcare industry at either or both of the federal and state levels, including those contemplated now and in the future as part of national healthcare reform and deficit reduction (such as the re-basing of payment systems, the introduction of site neutral payments or case-mix weightings across post-acute settings, or other payment system reforms), which may decrease revenues and increase the costs of complying with such changes;

• reductions or delays in, or suspension of, reimbursement for our services by governmental or private payors, including our ability to obtain and retain favorable arrangements with third-party payors;

• restrictive interpretations of the regulations governing the claims that are reimbursable by Medicare;

• our ability to comply with extensive and changing healthcare regulations as well as the increased costs of regulatory compliance and compliance monitoring in the healthcare industry, including the costs of investigating and defending asserted claims, whether meritorious or not;

• the use by governmental agencies and contractors of statistical sampling and extrapolation to expand claims of overpayment or noncompliance;

• delays in the administrative appeals process associated with denied Medicare reimbursement claims, including from various Medicare audit programs, and our exposure to the related delay or reduction in the receipt of the reimbursement amounts for services previously provided;

• the ongoing evolution of the healthcare delivery system, including alternative payment models and value-based purchasing initiatives, which may decrease our reimbursement rate or increase costs associated with our operations;

• our ability to attract and retain nurses, therapists, and other healthcare professionals in a highly competitive environment with often severe staffing shortages and the impact on our labor expenses from potential union activity and staffing recruitment and retention;

• competitive pressures in the healthcare industry, including from other providers that may be participating in integrated delivery payment arrangements in which we do not participate, and our response to those pressures;

• changes in our payor mix or the acuity of our patients affecting reimbursement rates;

• our ability to successfully complete and integrate de novo developments, acquisitions, investments, and joint ventures consistent with our growth strategy, including realization of anticipated revenues, cost savings, productivity improvements arising from the related operations and avoidance of unanticipated difficulties, costs or liabilities that could arise from acquisitions or integrations;

ii

• any adverse outcome of various lawsuits, claims, and legal or regulatory proceedings, including the ongoing investigations initiated by the U.S. Departments of Justice and of Health and Human Services, Office of the Inspector General;

• increased costs of defending and insuring against alleged professional liability and other claims and the ability to predict the costs related to claims;

• potential incidents affecting the proper operation, availability, or security of our information systems, including the patient information stored there;

• our ongoing rebranding and name change initiative and the impact on our existing operations, including our ability to attract patient referrals to our hospitals as well as the associated costs of rebranding;

• new or changing quality reporting requirements impacting operational costs or our Medicare reimbursement;

• the price of our common stock as it affects our willingness and ability to repurchase shares and the financial and accounting effects of any repurchases;

• our ability and willingness to continue to declare and pay dividends on our common stock;

• our ability to maintain proper local, state and federal licensing, including compliance with the Medicare conditions of participation, which is required to participate in the Medicare program;

• our ability to attract and retain key management personnel; and

• general conditions in the economy and capital markets, including any instability or uncertainty related to armed conflict or an act of terrorism, governmental impasse over approval of the United States federal budget, an increase to the debt ceiling, or an international sovereign debt crisis.

The cautionary statements referred to in this section also should be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that may be issued by us or persons acting on our behalf. We undertake no duty to update these forward-looking statements, even though our situation may change in the future. Furthermore, we cannot guarantee future results, events, levels of activity, performance, or achievements.

iii

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(In Millions, Except Per Share Data)
Net operating revenues	$	1,067.6		$	981.6		$	3,181.3		$	2,905.1
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	592.3			542.1			1,740.7			1,600.0
Other operating expenses	142.9			136.2			433.5			393.3
Occupancy costs	19.6			18.6			57.7			54.8
Supplies	38.6			36.5			117.8			110.6
General and administrative expenses	49.9			39.7			165.9			128.6
Depreciation and amortization	51.2			46.2			146.8			137.2
Total operating expenses	894.5			819.3			2,662.4			2,424.5
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			0.3			—			10.7
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	37.3			36.8			110.6			118.5
Other income	(1.7		)	(1.0		)	(2.9		)	(2.9		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(2.1		)	(2.1		)	(6.4		)	(6.2		)
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	139.6			128.3			417.6			360.5
Provision for income tax expense	30.2			43.1			89.5			111.4
Income from continuing operations	109.4			85.2			328.1			249.1
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1		)	(0.1		)	(0.4		)	(0.2		)
Net income	109.3			85.1			327.7			248.9
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	65.9		$	264.2		$	195.7
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	98.0			97.8			97.9			92.3
Diluted	100.0			99.0			99.7			99.1
Earnings per common share:
Basic earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations	$	0.90		$	0.67		$	2.69		$	2.11
Discontinued operations	—			—			—			—
Net income	$	0.90		$	0.67		$	2.69		$	2.11
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations	$	0.89		$	0.67		$	2.65		$	2.08
Discontinued operations	—			—			—			—
Net income	$	0.89		$	0.67		$	2.65		$	2.08
Cash dividends per common share	$	0.27		$	0.25		$	0.77		$	0.73
Amounts attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Income from continuing operations	$	88.7		$	66.0		$	264.6		$	195.9
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1		)	(0.1		)	(0.4		)	(0.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	65.9		$	264.2		$	195.7

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these condensed statements.

1

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
	(In Millions)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Net income	$	109.3		$	85.1		$	327.7		$	248.9
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Net change in unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities:
Unrealized net holding gain arising during the period	—			0.1			—			0.5
Other comprehensive income before income taxes	—			0.1			—			0.5
Provision for income tax expense related to other comprehensive income items	—			(0.1		)	—			(0.2		)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—			—			—			0.3
Comprehensive income	109.3			85.1			327.7			249.2
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	65.9		$	264.2		$	196.0

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these condensed statements.

2

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
	(In Millions)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	56.9	$	54.4
Restricted cash	62.1		62.4
Accounts receivable	458.0		472.1
Other current assets	61.0		113.3
Total current assets	638.0		702.2
Property and equipment, net	1,591.0		1,517.1
Goodwill	2,081.1		1,972.6
Intangible assets, net	443.2		403.1
Deferred income tax assets	82.6		63.6
Other long-term assets	296.0		235.1
Total assets(1)	$	5,131.9	$	4,893.7
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	37.1	$	32.3
Accounts payable	86.0		78.4
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	486.5		406.8
Total current liabilities	609.6		517.5
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,503.9		2,545.4
Other long-term liabilities	198.2		185.3
	3,311.7		3,248.2
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	236.5		220.9
Shareholders’ equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		1,181.7
Noncontrolling interests	265.2		242.9
Total shareholders’ equity	1,583.7		1,424.6
Total liabilities(1) and shareholders’ equity	$	5,131.9	$	4,893.7

⁽¹⁾  Our consolidated assets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total assets of variable interest entities of $288.6 million and $264.1 million, respectively, which cannot be used by us to settle the obligations of other entities. Our consolidated liabilities as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total liabilities of the variable interest entities of $81.5 million and $52.5 million, respectively. See Note 3, Variable Interest Entities.

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these condensed statements.

3

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	(In Millions)
	Encompass Health Common Shareholders
	Number of Common Shares Outstanding		Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock			Noncontrolling Interests			Total
Balance at beginning of period	98.3		$	1.1	$	2,791.4		$	(1,191.0	)	$	(1.3	)	$	(418.5	)	$	242.9		$	1,424.6
Net income	—		—		—			264.2			—			—			53.2			317.4
Receipt of treasury stock	(0.2	)	—		—			—			—			(8.3		)	—			(8.3		)
Dividends declared on common stock	—		—		(76.7		)	—			—			—			—			(76.7		)
Stock-based compensation	—		—		20.6			—			—			—			—			20.6
Stock options exercised	0.1		—		3.2			—			—			—			—			3.2
Distributions declared	—		—		—			—			—			—			(53.7		)	(53.7		)
Capital contributions from consolidated affiliates	—		—		—			—			—			—			22.8			22.8
Fair value adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interests, net of tax	—		—		(66.1		)	—			—			—			—			(66.1		)
Other	0.7		—		0.8			(1.3		)	1.3			(0.9		)	—			(0.1		)
Balance at end of period	98.9		$	1.1	$	2,673.2		$	(928.1	)	$	—		$	(427.7	)	$	265.2		$	1,583.7

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	(In Millions)
	Encompass Health Common Shareholders
	Number of Common Shares Outstanding		Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock			Noncontrolling Interests			Total
Balance at beginning of period	88.9		$	1.1	$	2,799.1		$	(1,448.4	)	$	(1.2	)	$	(614.7	)	$	192.8		$	928.7
Net income	—		—		—			195.7			—			—			43.3			239.0
Receipt of treasury stock	(0.9	)	—		—			—			—			(19.8		)	—			(19.8		)
Dividends declared on common stock	—		—		(70.3		)	—			—			—			—			(70.3		)
Stock-based compensation	—		—		15.2			—			—			—			—			15.2
Stock options exercised	1.1		—		20.4			—			—			(19.3		)	—			1.1
Stock warrants exercised	0.7		—		26.6			—			—			—			—			26.6
Distributions declared	—		—		—			—			—			—			(37.1		)	(37.1		)
Capital contributions from consolidated affiliates	—		—		—			—			—			—			37.8			37.8
Fair value adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interests, net of tax	—		—		(44.4		)	—			—			—			—			(44.4		)
Repurchases of common stock in open market	(0.9	)	—		—			—			—			(38.1		)	—			(38.1		)
Conversion of convertible debt, net of tax	8.9		—		53.7			—			—			274.5			—			328.2
Other	0.5		—		5.7			1.1			0.3			(0.8		)	—			6.3
Balance at end of period	98.3		$	1.1	$	2,806.0		$	(1,251.6	)	$	(0.9	)	$	(418.2	)	$	236.8		$	1,373.2

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these condensed statements.

4

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
	(In Millions)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	327.7		$	248.9
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	0.4			0.2
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities—
Depreciation and amortization	146.8			137.2
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			10.7
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(6.4		)	(6.2		)
Stock-based compensation	65.6			37.9
Deferred tax (benefit) expense	(8.0		)	51.3
Other, net	11.5			16.4
Change in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions—
Accounts receivable	12.3			(11.5		)
Other assets	15.3			(7.4		)
Accounts payable	—			6.1
Accrued payroll	(6.7		)	3.1
Accrued interest payable	8.2			7.3
Other liabilities	18.0			13.6
Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations	(0.7		)	(0.7		)
Total adjustments	255.9			257.8
Net cash provided by operating activities	584.0			506.9
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(171.5		)	(155.7		)
Additions to capitalized software costs	(13.2		)	(14.6		)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	(135.8		)	(36.6		)
Other, net	(5.8		)	7.6
Net cash used in investing activities	(326.3		)	(199.3		)

(Continued)

5

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
	(In Millions)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments	(16.1		)	(125.4		)
Borrowings on revolving credit facility	285.0			241.3
Payments on revolving credit facility	(315.0		)	(255.3		)
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses	—			(38.1		)
Dividends paid on common stock	(74.4		)	(67.0		)
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates	(65.1		)	—
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants	—			26.6
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates	(56.5		)	(38.3		)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld	(8.3		)	(19.8		)
Other, net	(3.1		)	5.4
Net cash used in financing activities	(253.5		)	(270.6		)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	4.2			37.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	116.8			101.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	121.0		$	138.4
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	54.4		$	40.5
Restricted cash at beginning of period	62.4			60.9
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	116.8		$	101.4
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	56.9		$	67.6
Restricted cash at end of period	62.1			70.8
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period	2.0			—
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	121.0		$	138.4
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity:
Conversion of convertible debt	$	—		$	319.4

The accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these condensed statements.

6

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Basis of Presentation

Encompass Health Corporation, incorporated in Delaware in 1984, including its subsidiaries, is one of the nation’s largest providers of post-acute healthcare services, offering both facility-based and home-based patient services in 36 states and Puerto Rico through its network of inpatient rehabilitation hospitals, home health agencies, and hospice agencies. Effective January 1, 2018, we changed our name from HealthSouth Corporation to Encompass Health Corporation. Our operations in both business segments will transition to the Encompass Health name on a rolling basis.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes contained in Encompass Health’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2018 (the “2017 Form 10-K”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC applicable to interim financial information. Certain information and note disclosures included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America have been omitted in these interim statements, as allowed by such SEC rules and regulations. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 has been derived from audited financial statements, but it does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. However, we believe the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

The unaudited results of operations for the interim periods shown in these financial statements are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the entire year. In our opinion, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements recognize all adjustments of a normal recurring nature considered necessary to fairly state the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for each interim period presented.

See also Note 11, Segment Reporting.

Net Operating Revenues—

Our Net operating revenues disaggregated by payor source and segment are as follows (in millions):

	Inpatient Rehabilitation				Home Health and Hospice				Consolidated
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	$	600.5	$	576.3	$	205.7	$	169.9	$	806.2	$	746.2
Medicare Advantage	75.0		63.5		22.7		19.1		97.7		82.6
Managed care	85.1		82.8		8.6		7.8		93.7		90.6
Medicaid	25.7		25.5		4.1		0.9		29.8		26.4
Other third-party payors	11.8		12.5		—		—		11.8		12.5
Workers’ compensation	6.9		7.2		0.5		—		7.4		7.2
Patients	5.3		4.6		0.1		0.2		5.4		4.8
Other income	15.3		11.1		0.3		0.2		15.6		11.3
Total	$	825.6	$	783.5	$	242.0	$	198.1	$	1,067.6	$	981.6

7

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

	Inpatient Rehabilitation				Home Health and Hospice				Consolidated
	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	$	1,832.1	$	1,719.2	$	581.8	$	483.7	$	2,413.9	$	2,202.9
Medicare Advantage	226.2		195.4		64.5		56.4		290.7		251.8
Managed care	256.7		253.0		24.9		21.5		281.6		274.5
Medicaid	77.2		70.2		7.3		3.3		84.5		73.5
Other third-party payors	36.5		36.4		—		—		36.5		36.4
Workers’ compensation	21.1		21.1		0.8		0.1		21.9		21.2
Patients	14.1		13.0		0.8		0.6		14.9		13.6
Other income	36.6		30.6		0.7		0.6		37.3		31.2
Total	$	2,500.5	$	2,338.9	$	680.8	$	566.2	$	3,181.3	$	2,905.1

We record Net operating revenues on an accrual basis using our best estimate of the transaction price for the type of service provided to the patient. Our estimate of the transaction price includes estimates of price concessions for such items as contractual allowances, potential adjustments that may arise from payment and other reviews, and uncollectible amounts. Our accounting systems calculate contractual allowances on a patient-by-patient basis based on the rates in effect for each primary third-party payor. Adjustments related to payment reviews by third-party payors or their agents are based on our historical experience and success rates in the claims adjudication process.Estimates for uncollectible amounts are based on the aging of our accounts receivable, our historical collection experience for each type of payor, and other relevant factors.

Management continually reviews the revenue transaction price estimation process to consider and incorporate updates to laws and regulations and the frequent changes in managed care contractual terms that result from contract renegotiations and renewals. Due to complexities involved in determining amounts ultimately due under reimbursement arrangements with third-party payors, which are often subject to interpretation, we may receive reimbursement for healthcare services authorized and provided that is different from our estimates, and such differences could be material. In addition, laws and regulations governing the Medicare and Medicaid programs are complex, subject to interpretation, and are routinely modified for provider reimbursement. All healthcare providers participating in the Medicare and Medicaid programs are required to meet certain financial reporting requirements. Federal regulations require submission of annual cost reports covering medical costs and expenses associated with the services provided under each hospital, home health, and hospice provider number to program beneficiaries. Annual cost reports required under the Medicare and Medicaid programs are subject to routine audits, which may result in adjustments to the amounts ultimately determined to be due to Encompass Health under these reimbursement programs. These audits often require several years to reach the final determination of amounts earned under the programs. If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) has been granted authority to suspend payments, in whole or in part, to Medicare providers if CMS possesses reliable information an overpayment, fraud, or willful misrepresentation exists. If CMS suspects payments are being made as the result of fraud or misrepresentation, CMS may suspend payment at any time without providing prior notice to us. The initial suspension period is limited to 180 days. However, the payment suspension period can be extended almost indefinitely if the matter is under investigation by the United States Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General (the “HHS-OIG”) or the United States Department of Justice (the “DOJ”). Therefore, we are unable to predict if or when we may be subject to a suspension of payments by the Medicare and/or Medicaid programs, the possible length of the suspension period, or the potential cash flow impact of a payment suspension. Any such suspension would adversely impact our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

Pursuant to legislative directives and authorizations from Congress, CMS has developed and instituted various Medicare audit programs under which CMS contracts with private companies to conduct claims and medical record audits. As a matter of course, we undertake significant efforts through training and education to ensure compliance with Medicare requirements. However, audits may lead to assertions we have been underpaid or overpaid by Medicare or submitted improper

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

claims in some instances, require us to incur additional costs to respond to requests for records and defend the validity of payments and claims, and ultimately require us to refund any amounts determined to have been overpaid. In some circumstances auditors assert the authority to extrapolate denial rationales to large pools of claims not actually audited, which could increase the impact of the audit. We cannot predict when or how these audit programs will affect us.

Medicare Administrative Contractors (“MACs”), under programs known as “widespread probes,” have conducted pre-payment claim reviews of our Medicare billings and in some cases denied payment for certain diagnosis codes. The majority of the denials we have encountered in these probes relate to determinations regarding medical necessity and provision of therapy services. We dispute, or “appeal,” most of these denials, and for claims we choose to take to administrative law judge hearings, we have historically experienced a success rate of approximately70%. This historical success rate is a component of our estimate of transaction price as discussed above. The resolution of these disputes can take in excess of three years, and we cannot provide assurance as to our ongoing and future success of these disputes. When the amount collected related to denied claims differs from the amount previously estimated, these collection differences are recorded as an adjustment to Net operating revenues.

In August 2017, CMS announced the Targeted Probe and Educate (“TPE”) initiative. Under the TPE initiative, MACs use data analysis to identify healthcare providers with high claim error rates and items and services that have high national error rates. Once a MAC selects a provider for claims review, the initial volume of claims review is limited to 20 to 40 claims. The TPE initiative includes up to three rounds of claims review if necessary with corresponding provider education and a subsequent period to allow for improvement. If results do not improve sufficiently after three rounds, the MAC may refer the provider to CMS for further action, which may include extrapolation of error rates to a broader universe of claims or referral to a ZPIC or RAC (defined below). We cannot predict the impact of the TPE initiative on our ability to collect claims on a timely basis.

In connection with CMS approved and announced Recovery Audit Contractors (“RACs”) audits related to inpatient rehabilitation facilities (“IRFs”), we received requests from 2013 to 2017 to review certain patient files for discharges occurring from 2010 to 2017. These RAC audits are focused on identifying Medicare claims that may contain improper payments. RAC contractors must have CMS approval before conducting these focused reviews which cover issues ranging from billing documentation to medical necessity. Medical necessity is an assessment by an independent physician of a patient’s ability to tolerate and benefit from intensive multi-disciplinary therapy provided in an IRF setting.

CMS has also established contractors known as the Zone Program Integrity Contractors (“ZPICs”). These contractors conduct audits with a focus on potential fraud and abuse issues. Like the RACs, the ZPICs conduct audits and have the ability to refer matters to the HHS-OIG or the DOJ. Unlike RACs, however, ZPICs do not receive a specific financial incentive based on the amount of the error as a result of ZPIC audits. We have, from time to time, received ZPIC record requests which have resulted in claim denials on paid claims. We have appealed substantially all ZPIC denials arising from these audits using the same process we follow for appealing other denials by contractors.

To date, the Medicare claims that are subject to these post-payment audit requests represent less than 1% of our Medicare patient discharges from 2010 to 2017, and not all of these patient file requests have resulted in payment denial determinations by the audit contractor. Because we have confidence in the medical judgment of both the referring and admitting physicians who assess the treatment needs of their patients, we have appealed substantially all claim denials arising from these audits using the same process we follow for appealing denials of certain diagnosis codes by MACs. Due to the delays announced by CMS in the related adjudication process, we believe the resolution of any claims that are subsequently denied as a result of these claim audits could take in excess of three years. In addition, because we have limited experience with ZPICs and RACs in the context of claims reviews of this nature, we cannot provide assurance as to the timing or outcomes of these disputes. As such, we make estimates for these claims based on our historical experience and success rates in the claims adjudication process, which is the same process we follow for appealing denials of certain diagnosis codes by MACs. The impact on our estimates of amounts determined to be due to Encompass Health as a result of these audits during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was not material.

Our performance obligations relate to contracts with a duration of less than one year. Therefore, we elected to apply the optional exemption to not disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. These unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations primarily relate to services provided at the end of the reporting period.

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

We are subject to changes in government legislation that could impact Medicare payment levels and changes in payor patterns that may impact the level and timing of payments for services rendered.

Inpatient Rehabilitation Revenues

Inpatient rehabilitation segment revenues are recognized over time as the services are provided to the patient. The performance obligation is the rendering of services to the patient during the term of their inpatient stay. Revenues are recognized (or measured) using the input method as therapy, nursing, and auxiliary services are provided based on our estimate of the respective transaction price. Revenues recognized by our inpatient rehabilitation segment are subject to a number of elements which impact both the overall amount of revenue realized as well as the timing of the collection of the related accounts receivable. Factors considered in determining the estimated transaction price include the patient’s total length of stay for in-house patients, each patient’s discharge destination, the proportion of patients with secondary insurance coverage and the level of reimbursement under that secondary coverage, and the amount of charges that will be disallowed by payors. Such additional factors are assumed to remain consistent with the experience for patients discharged in similar time periods for the same payor classes.

Home Health and Hospice Revenues

Home Health

Under the Medicare home health prospective payment system, we are paid by Medicare based on episodes of care. The performance obligation is the rendering of services to the patient during the term of the episode of care. An episode of care is defined as a length of stay up to 60 days, with multiple continuous episodes allowed. A base episode payment is established by the Medicare program through federal regulation. The base episode payment can be adjusted based on each patient’s health including clinical condition, functional abilities, and service needs, as well as for the applicable geographic wage index, low utilization, patient transfers, and other factors. The services covered by the episode payment include all disciplines of care in addition to medical supplies.

We bill a portion of reimbursement from each Medicare episode near the start of each episode, and the resulting cash payment is typically received before all services are rendered. As we provide home health services to our patients on a scheduled basis over the episode of care in a manner that approximates a pro rata pattern, revenue for the episode of care is recorded over an average length of treatment period using a calendar day prorating method. The amount of revenue recognized for episodes of care which are incomplete at period end is based on the pro rata number of days in the episode which have been completed as of the period end date. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the difference between the cash received from Medicare for a request for anticipated payment on episodes in progress and the associated estimated revenue was not material and was recorded in Other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We are subject to certain Medicare regulations affecting outlier revenue if our patient’s care was unusually costly. Regulations require a cap on all outlier revenue at 10% of total Medicare revenue received by each provider during a cost reporting year. Management has reviewed the potential cap. Adjustments to the transaction price for the outlier cap were not material as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

For episodic-based rates that are paid by other insurance carriers, including Medicare Advantage, we recognize revenue in a similar manner as discussed above for Medicare revenues. However, these rates can vary based upon the negotiated terms. For non-episodic-based revenue, revenue is recorded on an accrual basis based upon the date of service at amounts equal to our estimated per-visit transaction price. Price concessions, including contractual allowances for the differences between our standard rates and the applicable contracted rates, as well as estimated uncollectible amounts from patients, are recorded as decreases to the transaction price.

Hospice

Medicare revenues for hospice are recognized and recorded on an accrual basis using the input method based on the number of days a patient has been on service at amounts equal to an estimated daily or hourly payment rate. The performance obligation is the rendering of services to the patient during each day that they are on hospice care. The payment rate is dependent on whether a patient is receiving routine home care, general inpatient care, continuous home care or respite care.

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Adjustments to Medicare revenues are recorded based on an inability to obtain appropriate billing documentation or authorizations acceptable to the payor or other reasons unrelated to credit risk. Hospice companies are subject to two specific payment limit caps under the Medicare program. One limit relates to inpatient care days that exceed 20% of the total days of hospice care provided for the year. The second limit relates to an aggregate Medicare reimbursement cap calculated by the MAC. Adjustments to the transaction price for these caps were not material as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

For non-Medicare hospice revenues, we record gross revenue on an accrual basis based upon the date of service at amounts equal to our estimated per day transaction price. Price concessions, including contractual adjustments for the difference between our standard rates and the amounts estimated to be realizable from patients and third parties for services provided, are recorded as decreases to the transaction price and thus reduce our Net operating revenues.

Marketable Securities—

Effective January 1, 2018, in connection with the adoption of ASU 2016-01, we record all equity securities with readily determinable fair values and for which we do not exercise significant influence at fair value and record the change in fair value for the reporting period in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Prior to January 1, 2018, we recorded all equity securities with readily determinable fair values and for which we did not exercise significant influence as available-for-sale securities. We carried the available-for-sale securities at fair value and reported unrealized holding gains or losses, net of income taxes, in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, which is a separate component of shareholders’ equity. We recognized realized gains and losses in our consolidated statements of operations using the specific identification method. Unrealized losses were charged against earnings when a decline in fair value was determined to be other than temporary. Management reviewed several factors to determine whether a loss was other than temporary, such as the length of time a security is in an unrealized loss position, the extent to which fair value is less than cost, the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, industry, or geographic area and our ability and intent to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

Accounts Receivable—

We report accounts receivable from services rendered at their estimated transaction price which takes into account price concessions from federal and state agencies (under the Medicare and Medicaid programs), managed care health plans, commercial insurance companies, workers’ compensation programs, employers, and patients. Our accounts receivable are concentrated by type of payor. The concentration of patient service accounts receivable by payor class, as a percentage of total patient service accounts receivable, is as follows:

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Medicare	74.5	%	75.1	%
Managed care and other discount plans, including Medicare Advantage	17.8	%	17.4	%
Medicaid	2.8	%	2.4	%
Other third-party payors	2.8	%	2.9	%
Workers' compensation	1.2	%	1.3	%
Patients	0.9	%	0.9	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

While revenues and accounts receivable from the Medicare program are significant to our operations, we do not believe there are significant credit risks associated with this government agency. We do not believe there are any other significant concentrations of revenues from any particular payor that would subject us to any significant credit risks in the collection of our accounts receivable.

Accounts requiring collection efforts are reviewed via system-generated work queues that automatically stage (based on age and size of outstanding balance) accounts requiring collection efforts for patient account representatives. Collection efforts include contacting the applicable party (both in writing and by telephone), providing information (both financial and

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

clinical) to allow for payment or to overturn payor decisions to deny payment, and arranging payment plans with self-pay patients, among other techniques. When we determine all in-house efforts have been exhausted or it is a more prudent use of resources, accounts may be turned over to a collection agency.

The collection of outstanding receivables from Medicare, managed care payors, other third-party payors, and patients is our primary source of cash and is critical to our operating performance. While it is our policy to verify insurance prior to a patient being admitted, there are various exceptions that can occur. Such exceptions include instances where we are (1) unable to obtain verification because the patient’s insurance company was unable to be reached or contacted, (2) a determination is made that a patient may be eligible for benefits under various government programs, such as Medicaid, and it takes several days, weeks, or months before qualification for such benefits is confirmed or denied, and (3) the patient is transferred to our hospital from an acute care hospital without having access to a credit card, cash, or check to pay the applicable patient responsibility amounts (i.e., deductibles and co-payments).

Our primary collection risks relate to patient responsibility amounts and claims reviews conducted by MACs or other contractors. Patient responsibility amounts include accounts for which the patient was the primary payor or the primary insurance carrier has paid the amounts covered by the applicable agreement, but patient co-payment amounts remain outstanding. Changes in the economy, such as increased unemployment rates or periods of recession, can further exacerbate our ability to collect patient responsibility amounts.

If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material. Changes in general economic conditions, business office operations, payor mix, or trends in federal or state governmental and private employer healthcare coverage could affect our collection of accounts receivable, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements—

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” and has subsequently issued supplemental and/or clarifying ASUs (collectively “ASC 606”). ASC 606 outlines a five-step framework that supersedes the principles for recognizing revenue and eliminates industry-specific guidance. In addition, ASC 606 revises current disclosure requirements in an effort to help financial statement users better understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. We adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective model. The primary impact of adopting under ASC 606 is that all amounts we previously presented as Provision for doubtful accounts are now considered an implicit price concession in determining Net operating revenues. Such concessions reduce the transaction price and therefore Net operating revenues, as shown below. Adopting ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective transition method had the following impact to our previously reported condensed consolidated statements of operations (in millions):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017							For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment for ASC 606			Restated		As Previously Reported		Adjustment for ASC 606			Restated
Net operating revenues	$	995.6	$	(14.0	)	$	981.6	$	2,951.7	$	(46.6	)	$	2,905.1
Provision for doubtful accounts	$	12.6	$	(12.6	)	$	—	$	42.7	$	(42.7	)	$	—
Other operating expenses	$	137.6	$	(1.4	)	$	136.2	$	397.2	$	(3.9	)	$	393.3
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9	$	—		$	65.9	$	195.7	$	—		$	195.7

In addition, the adoption of ASC 606 resulted in increased disclosure, including qualitative and quantitative disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. See the "Net Operating Revenues" and "Accounts Receivable" sections of this note. Except for the adjustments discussed above, the adoption of ASC 606 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments - Overall (Topic 825): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” This standard revises the classification and measurement of

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

investments in certain equity investments and the presentation of certain fair value changes for certain financial liabilities measured at fair value. This revised standard requires the change in fair value of many equity investments to be recognized in Net income. This revised standard requires a modified retrospective application with a cumulative effect adjustment recognized in retained earnings as of the date of adoption and was effective for our interim and annual periods beginning January 1, 2018. During the first quarter of 2018, we recognized mark-to-market gains and losses associated with our available-for-sale equity securities through Net income instead of Accumulated other comprehensive income. The adoption of this guidance resulted in an immaterial impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements. See the "Marketable Securities" section of this note.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,” to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. In addition, the standard clarifies when cash receipts and cash payments have aspects of more than one class of cash flows and cannot be separated, classification will depend on the predominant source or use. The new guidance requires retrospective application and was effective for our annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The clarification that debt prepayment premiums or debt extinguishment costs should be classified as financing activities resulted in an immaterial increase in operating cash inflows and a corresponding increase in financing cash outflows on our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2017, when presented.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Restricted Cash,” to clarify how entities should present restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance requires amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included with Cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the total beginning and ending amounts for the periods shown on the statement of cash flows. The new guidance requires retrospective application and is effective for our annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The adoption of this guidance resulted in an immaterial decrease to previously reported Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and a corresponding increase to previously reported Increase in cash and cash equivalents (which is now captioned Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, pursuant to the adoption of this guidance). In addition, as noted above, we added a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted—

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” and has subsequently issued supplemental and/or clarifying ASUs (collectively “ASC 842”), in order to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. Under ASC 842, lessees will recognize a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability for all leases other than leases that meet the definition of a short-term lease. The liability will be equal to the present value of future minimum lease payments. The asset will be based on the liability, subject to adjustment, such as for initial direct costs. For income statement purposes, the FASB retained a dual model, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance. Operating leases will result in straight-line expense while finance leases will result in an expense pattern similar to current capital leases. Classification will be based on criteria that are similar to those applied in current lease accounting. ASC 842 will be effective for our annual reporting period beginning on January 1, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. We currently plan to adopt ASC 842 in the first quarter of 2019 using the modified retrospective approach and will recognize any cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of Accumulated deficit in that period. While we are currently assessing the impact this guidance may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements, we expect that virtually all of our existing operating leases will be reflected as right-of-use assets and liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets under the new standard. We have received the necessary updates to our leasing software and are preparing for implementation. See Note 6, Property and Equipment, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for disclosure related to our operating leases.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326),” which provides guidance for accounting for credit losses on financial instruments. The new guidance introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments and modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. The new guidance is effective for our annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2020, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted beginning January 1, 2019. We continue to review the requirements of this standard and any potential impact it may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

We do not believe any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards will have a material effect on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

2. Business Combinations

Inpatient Rehabilitation

In September 2018, we acquired approximately 62% of a 29-bed inpatient rehabilitation unit, including a 60-bed certificate of need, in Murrells Inlet, South Carolina through a joint venture with Tidelands Health. The acquisition was funded through contributions of funds to be utilized by the consolidated joint venture to build a 46-bed de novo inpatient rehabilitation satellite location. This transaction was not material to our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. The acquisition was made to enhance our position and ability to provide inpatient rehabilitative services to patients in Murrells Inlet and its surrounding areas.

We accounted for this transaction under the acquisition method of accounting and reported the results of operations of

the acquired hospital from its respective date of acquisition. Assets acquired were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Estimated fair values were based on various valuation methodologies including: an income approach using primarily discounted cash flow techniques for the noncompete intangible asset; an income approach utilizing the relief-from-royalty method for the trade name intangible asset; and an income approach utilizing the excess earnings method for the certificate of need intangible asset. The aforementioned income methods utilize management’s estimates of future operating results and cash flows discounted using a weighted-average cost of capital that reflects market participant assumptions. The excess of the fair value of the consideration conveyed over the fair value of the assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill reflects our expectations of our ability to gain access to and penetrate the acquired hospital’s historical patient base and the benefits of being able to leverage operational efficiencies with favorable growth opportunities based on positive demographic trends in this market. None of the goodwill recorded as a result from this transaction is deductible for federal income tax purposes.

The fair values recorded were based upon a preliminary valuation. Estimates and assumptions used in such valuation are subject to change, which could be significant, within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). The primary areas of the preliminary valuation that are not yet finalized relate to the fair values of amounts for intangible assets and the final amount of residual goodwill. We expect to continue to obtain information to assist us in determining the fair values of the net assets acquired at the acquisition date during the measurement period.

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The preliminary fair value of the assets acquired at the acquisition date were as follows (in millions):

Identifiable intangible assets:
Noncompete agreement (useful life of 3 years)	$	0.6
Trade name (useful life of 20 years)	1.4
Certificate of need (useful life of 20 years)	7.7
Goodwill	6.4
Total assets acquired	$	16.1

Information regarding the net cash paid for the inpatient rehabilitation acquisitions during each period presented is as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Fair value of assets acquired	$	9.7		$	5.4		$	9.7		$	11.0
Goodwill	6.4			9.0			6.4			24.0
Fair value of noncontrolling interest owned by joint venture partner	(16.1		)	(14.4		)	(16.1		)	(24.1		)
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	10.9

Home Health and Hospice

Camellia Acquisition

On May 1, 2018, we completed the previously announced acquisition of privately owned Camellia Healthcare and affiliated entities (“Camellia”). The Camellia portfolio consists of hospice, home health and private duty locations in Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana and Tennessee. The acquisition leverages our home health and hospice operating platform across key certificate of need states and strengthens our geographic presence in the Southeastern United States. We funded the cash purchase price of the acquisition with cash on hand and borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

We accounted for this transaction under the acquisition method of accounting and reported the results of operations of Camellia from its date of acquisition. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Estimated fair values were based on various valuation methodologies including: replacement cost and continued use methods for property and equipment; an income approach using primarily discounted cash flow techniques for the noncompete and certain license intangible assets; an income approach utilizing the relief-from-royalty method for the trade name intangible asset; and an income approach utilizing the excess earnings method for the certificate of need and certain license intangible assets. The aforementioned income methods utilize management’s estimates of future operating results and cash flows discounted using a weighted-average cost of capital that reflects market participant assumptions. For all other assets and liabilities, the fair value was assumed to represent carrying value due to their short maturities. The excess of the fair value of the consideration conveyed over the fair value of the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. All goodwill recorded as a result from this transaction is deductible for federal income tax purposes. The goodwill reflects our expectations of favorable growth opportunities in the home health and hospice markets based on positive demographic trends.

The fair values recorded were based upon a preliminary valuation. Estimates and assumptions used in such valuation are subject to change, which could be significant, within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). The primary areas of the preliminary valuation that are not yet finalized relate to the fair values of amounts for income taxes and the final amount of residual goodwill. We expect to continue to obtain information to assist us in determining the fair values of the net assets acquired at the acquisition date during the measurement period.

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date were as follows (in millions):

Cash and cash equivalents	$	1.3
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	0.3
Property and equipment, net	0.6
Identifiable intangible assets:
Noncompete agreements (useful lives of 5 years)	0.5
Trade name (useful life of 1 year)	1.4
Certificates of need (useful lives of 10 years)	16.6
Licenses (useful lives of 10 years)	21.6
Goodwill	97.0
Total assets acquired	139.3
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable	4.3
Accrued payroll	4.0
Total liabilities assumed	8.3
Net assets acquired	$	131.0

Information regarding the net cash paid for Camellia is as follows (in millions):

Fair value of assets acquired, net of $1.3 million of cash acquired	$	41.0
Goodwill	97.0
Fair value of liabilities assumed	(8.3		)
Net cash paid for acquisition	$	129.7

Other Home Health and Hospice Acquisitions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we completed the following home health and hospice acquisitions,none of which were individually material to our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. Each acquisition was made to enhance our position and ability to provide post-acute healthcare services to patients in the applicable geographic areas. Each acquisition was funded using cash on hand.

• In January 2018, we acquired the assets of one hospice location from Golden Age Hospice, Inc. in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

• In June 2018, we acquired the assets of one hospice location from Medical Services of America in Las Vegas, Nevada.

We accounted for these transactions under the acquisition method of accounting and reported the results of operations of the acquired locations from their respective dates of acquisition. Assets acquired were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the respective acquisition dates. The fair values of identifiable intangible assets were based on valuations using an income approach. The income approach is based on management’s estimates of future operating results and cash flows discounted using a weighted-average cost of capital that reflects market participant assumptions. The excess of the fair value of the consideration conveyed over the fair value of the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill reflects our expectations of our ability to utilize the acquired locations’ mobile workforce and established relationships within each community and the benefits of being able to leverage operational efficiencies with favorable growth opportunities based on positive demographic trends in these markets. Allgoodwill recorded as a result of these transactions is deductible for federal income tax purposes.

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The fair value of the assets acquired at the acquisition date were as follows (in millions):

Identifiable intangible assets:
Noncompete agreements (useful lives of 5 years)	$	0.2
Licenses (useful lives of 10 years)	0.8
Goodwill	5.1
Total assets acquired	$	6.1

Information regarding the net cash paid for the other home health and hospice acquisitions during each period presented is as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017			2018		2017
Fair value of assets acquired	$	—	$	2.7		$	1.0	$	5.4
Goodwill	—		13.1			5.1		20.5
Fair value of liabilities assumed	—		(0.1		)	—		(0.2		)
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	—	$	15.7		$	6.1	$	25.7

Pro Forma Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the results of operations of the above mentioned acquisitions from their respective dates of acquisition included in our consolidated results of operations and the unaudited pro forma results of operations of the combined entity had the date of the acquisitions been January 1, 2017 (in millions):

	Net Operating Revenues		Net Income Attributable to Encompass Health
Acquired entities only: Actual from acquisition date to September 30, 2018
Inpatient Rehabilitation	$	—	$	(0.9	)
Camellia	31.5		(0.5		)
All Other Home Health and Hospice	1.8		(0.1		)
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 06/01/2018-09/30/2018	1,070.9		89.2
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 06/01/2017-09/30/2017	1,007.5		70.1
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 01/01/2018-09/30/2018	3,221.9		270.7
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 01/01/2017-09/30/2017	2,979.7		207.6

The information presented above is for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of results that would

have been achieved if the acquisitions had occurred as of the beginning of our 2017 reporting period.

See Note 2, Business Combinations, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for information regarding acquisitions completed in 2017.

3. Variable Interest Entities

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we consolidated ten limited partnership-like entities that are variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and of which we are the primary beneficiary. Our ownership percentages in these entities range from6.8%to99.5%. Through partnership and management agreements with or governing each of these entities, we manage all of these entities and handle all day-to-day operating decisions. Accordingly, we have the decision making power

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of our VIEs and an obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. These decisions and significant activities include, but are not limited to, marketing efforts, oversight of patient admissions, medical training, nurse and therapist scheduling, provision of healthcare services, billing, collections, and creation and maintenance of medical records. The terms of the agreements governing each of our VIEs prohibit us from using the assets of each VIE to satisfy the obligations of other entities.

The carrying amounts and classifications of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities, which are included in our consolidated balance sheet, are as follows (in millions):

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	0.4	$	1.2
Accounts receivable	33.5		32.6
Other current assets	5.7		5.6
Total current assets	39.6		39.4
Property and equipment, net	139.3		142.8
Goodwill	73.5		73.5
Intangible assets, net	6.6		7.7
Other long-term assets	29.6		0.7
Total assets	$	288.6	$	264.1
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	1.6	$	1.8
Accounts payable	5.8		6.5
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	47.0		15.9
Total current liabilities	54.4		24.2
Long-term debt, net of current portion	27.1		28.3
Total liabilities	$	81.5	$	52.5

4. Investments in and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had $12.7 million and $11.9 million, respectively, of investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates included in Other long-term assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates represent our investments in six partially owned subsidiaries, of which five are general or limited partnerships, limited liability companies, or joint ventures in which Encompass Health or one of its subsidiaries is a general or limited partner, managing member, member, or venturer, as applicable. We do not control these affiliates but have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of certain of these affiliates. Our ownership percentages in these affiliates range from approximately 1% to 60%. We account for these investments using the cost and equity methods of accounting.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The following summarizes the combined results of operations of our equity method affiliates (on a 100% basis, in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net operating revenues	$	10.1		$	9.9		$	31.6		$	31.0
Operating expenses	(5.9		)	(5.6		)	(19.1		)	(18.1		)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax	4.1			4.3			12.4			12.9
Net income	4.1			4.3			12.4			12.9

5. Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

The following is a summary of the activity related to our Redeemable noncontrolling interests during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Balance at beginning of period	$	220.9		$	138.3
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	10.3			9.9
Distributions declared	(6.6		)	(3.3		)
Contribution to joint venture	—			2.3
Purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interests	(65.1		)	—
Change in fair value	77.0			74.1
Balance at end of period	$	236.5		$	221.3

The following table reconciles the net income attributable to nonredeemable Noncontrolling interests, as recorded in the shareholders’ equity section of the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and the net income attributable to Redeemable noncontrolling interests, as recorded in the mezzanine section of the condensed consolidated balance sheets, to the Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests presented in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Net income attributable to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests	$	16.9	$	15.0	$	53.2	$	43.3
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	3.8		4.2		10.3		9.9
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	$	20.7	$	19.2	$	63.5	$	53.2

On December 31, 2014, we acquired 83.3% of our home health and hospice business when we purchased EHHI Holdings, Inc. (“EHHI”). In the acquisition, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of EHHI, other than equity interests contributed to Encompass Health Home Health Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”), a subsidiary of Encompass Health and an indirect parent of EHHI, by certain sellers in exchange for shares of common stock of Holdings. Those sellers were members of EHHI management, and they contributed a portion of their shares of common stock of EHHI, valued at approximately $64 million on the acquisition date, in exchange for approximately 16.7% of the outstanding shares of common stock of Holdings. At any time after December 31, 2017, each management investor has the right (but not the obligation) to have his or her shares of Holdings stock repurchased by Encompass Health for a cash purchase price per share equal to the fair value. Specifically, up to one-third of each management investor’s shares of Holdings stock may be sold prior to December 31,

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

2018; two-thirds of each management investor’s shares of Holdings stock may be sold prior to December 31, 2019; and all of each management investor’s shares of Holdings stock may be sold thereafter. At any time after December 31, 2019, Encompass Health will have the right (but not the obligation) to repurchase all or any portion of the shares of Holdings stock owned by one or more management investors for a cash purchase price per share equal to the fair value. In February 2018, each management investor exercised the right to sell one-third of his or her shares of Holdings stock to Encompass Health, representing approximately 5.6% of the outstanding shares of the common stock of Holdings. On February 21, 2018, Encompass Health settled the acquisition of those shares upon payment of approximately $65 million in cash. As of September 30, 2018, the value of the outstanding shares of Holdings owned by management investors was approximately $208 million. See also Note 6, Fair Value Measurements.

6. Fair Value Measurements

Our financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (in millions):

			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
As of September 30, 2018	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Valuation Technique (1)
Other long-term assets:
Restricted marketable securities	$	61.4	$	—	$	61.4	$	—	M
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	236.5		—		—		236.5		I
As of December 31, 2017
Other current assets:
Current portion of restricted marketable securities	$	17.8	$	—	$	17.8	$	—	M
Other long-term assets:
Restricted marketable securities	44.2		—		44.2		—		M
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	220.9		—		—		220.9		I

⁽¹⁾ The three valuation techniques are: market approach (M), cost approach (C), and income approach (I).

The fair values of our financial assets and liabilities are determined as follows:

• Restricted marketable securities - The fair values of our restricted marketable securities are determined based on quoted market prices in active markets or quoted prices, dealer quotations, or alternative pricing sources supported by observable inputs in markets that are not considered to be active.

• Redeemable noncontrolling interests - The fair value of the Redeemable noncontrolling interests related to our home health segment is determined using the product of a twelve-month adjusted EBITDA measure and a specified median market price multiple based on a basket of public home health companies and transactions, after adding cash and deducting indebtedness that includes the outstanding principal balance under any intercompany notes. To determine the fair value of the Redeemable noncontrolling interests in our joint venture hospitals, we use the applicable hospitals’ projected operating results and cash flows discounted using a rate that reflects market participant assumptions for the applicable facilities. The projected operating results use management’s best estimates of economic and market conditions over the forecasted periods including assumptions for pricing and volume, operating expenses, and capital expenditures. See also Note 5, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests.

In addition to assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, we are also required to record assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Generally, assets are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as a result of

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

impairment charges or similar adjustments made to the carrying value of the applicable assets. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, we did not record anygains or lossesrelated to our nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a nonrecurring basis as part of our continuing operations.

As discussed in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, “Fair Value Measurements,” to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K, the carrying value equals fair value for our financial instruments that are not included in the table below and are classified as current in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The carrying amounts and estimated fair values for all of our other financial instruments are presented in the following table (in millions):

	As of September 30, 2018				As of December 31, 2017
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Long-term debt:
Advances under revolving credit facility	$	65.0	$	65.0	$	95.0	$	95.0
Term loan facilities	283.7		285.0		294.7		296.3
5.125% Senior Notes due 2023	296.4		302.6		295.9		306.8
5.75% Senior Notes due 2024	1,194.5		1,216.4		1,193.9		1,228.5
5.75% Senior Notes due 2025	344.9		354.9		344.4		364.9
Other notes payable	92.0		92.0		82.3		82.3
Financial commitments:
Letters of credit	—		39.7		—		35.4

Fair values for our long-term debt and financial commitments are determined using inputs, including quoted prices in nonactive markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly, or Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, “Fair Value Measurements,” to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

7. Share-Based Payments

In February and May 2018, we issued a total of 0.5 million restricted stock awards to members of our management team and our board of directors. Approximately 0.2 million of these awards contain only a service condition, while the remainder contain both a service and a performance condition. For the awards that include a performance condition, the number of shares that will ultimately be granted to employees may vary based on the Company’s performance during the applicable two-year performance measurement period. Additionally, in February 2018, we granted 0.1 million stock options to members of our management team. The fair value of these awards and options was determined using the policies described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 13, Share-Based Payments, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

8. Income Taxes

Our Provision for income tax expense of $30.2 million and $89.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, primarily resulted from the application of our estimated effective blended federal and state income tax rate. Our Provision for income tax expense of $43.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 primarily resulted from the application of our estimated effective blended federal and state income tax rate. Our Provision for income tax expense of $111.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 primarily resulted from the application of our estimated effective blended federal and state income tax rate as well as tax benefits resulting from exercises and vesting of share-based compensation.

We have state net operating losses (“NOLs”) of $72.0 million that expire in various amounts at varying times through 2031. The $82.6 million of net deferred tax assets included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2018 reflects management’s assessment it is more likely than not we will be able to generate sufficient future

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

taxable income to utilize those deferred tax assets based on our current estimates and assumptions. As of September 30, 2018, we maintained a valuation allowance of $37.1 million due to uncertainties regarding our ability to utilize a portion of our state NOLs and other credits before they expire. The amount of the valuation allowance has been determined for each tax jurisdiction based on the weight of all available evidence including management’s estimates of taxable income for each jurisdiction in which we operate over the periods in which the related deferred tax assets will be recoverable. It is possible we may be required to increase or decrease our valuation allowance at some future time if our forecast of future earnings varies from actual results on a consolidated basis or in the applicable state tax jurisdictions, if the timing of future tax deductions differs from our expectations, or pursuant to changes in state tax laws and rates.

During the third quarter of 2016, we filed a non-automatic tax accounting method change related to billings denied under pre-payment claims reviews conducted by certain of our MACs. In March 2017, the IRS approved our request resulting in additional tax benefits of approximately $51.3 million through December 31, 2017. These benefits are expected to reverse as pre-payment claims denials are settled and collected. This change did not have a material impact on our effective tax rate. The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) included revisions to Internal Revenue Code §451 that may eliminate this deferral of revenue for tax purposes and may require us to pay tax on such denied claims. We are currently evaluating this provision of the Tax Act and its future impact on the method change we received in March 2017.

Total remaining gross unrecognized tax benefits were $0.9 million and $0.3 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, all of which would affect our effective tax rate if recognized. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending liability for unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in millions):

	Gross Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits				Accrued Interest and Penalties
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	0.3			$	—
Gross amount of increases in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior periods	0.8				0.1
Reductions to unrecognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations	(0.2		)	—	—
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	0.9			$	0.1

Our continuing practice is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. Interest recorded as part of our income tax provision during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was not material. Accrued interest income related to income taxes as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was not material.

In December 2014, we signed an agreement with the IRS to begin participating in their Compliance Assurance Process (“CAP”), a program in which we and the IRS endeavor to agree on the treatment of significant tax positions prior to the filing of our federal income tax return. We renewed this agreement in December 2015 for the 2016 tax year, in December 2016 for the 2017 tax year, and in January 2018 for the 2018 tax year. As a result of these agreements, the IRS surveyed our 2013, 2012, and 2011 federal income tax returns and is currently examining the 2017 and 2018 tax years. The IRS has issued no-change Revenue Agent’s Reports effectively closing our 2015 and 2016 tax year audits. As a result, we have settled federal income tax examinations under the CAP program for all tax years through 2016. Our state income tax returns are also periodically examined by various regulatory taxing authorities. We are currently under audit by one state for tax years 2013 through 2015.

For the tax years that remain open under the applicable statutes of limitation, amounts related to unrecognized tax benefits have been considered by management in its estimate of our potential net recovery of prior years’ income taxes. Based on discussions with taxing authorities, we anticipate that approximately $0.5 million of our unrecognized tax benefits will be released within the next 12 months.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9.Earnings per Common Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share (in millions, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Basic:
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations	$	109.4		$	85.2		$	328.1		$	249.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests included in continuing operations	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Less: Income allocated to participating securities	(0.3		)	(0.2		)	(0.9		)	(0.6		)
Income from continuing operations attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	88.4			65.8			263.7			195.3
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	(0.1		)	(0.1		)	(0.4		)	(0.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	$	88.3		$	65.7		$	263.3		$	195.1
Denominator:
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	98.0			97.8			97.9			92.3
Basic earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations	$	0.90		$	0.67		$	2.69		$	2.11
Discontinued operations	—			—			—			—
Net income	$	0.90		$	0.67		$	2.69		$	2.11
Diluted:
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations	$	109.4		$	85.2		$	328.1		$	249.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests included in continuing operations	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Add: Interest on convertible debt, net of tax	—			—			—			4.6
Add: Loss on extinguishment of convertible debt, net of tax	—			—			—			6.2
Income from continuing operations attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	88.7			66.0			264.6			206.7
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	(0.1		)	(0.1		)	(0.4		)	(0.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	$	88.6		$	65.9		$	264.2		$	206.5
Denominator:
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	100.0			99.0			99.7			99.1
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations	$	0.89		$	0.67		$	2.65		$	2.08
Discontinued operations	—			—			—			—
Net income	$	0.89		$	0.67		$	2.65		$	2.08

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table sets forth the reconciliation between basic weighted average common shares outstanding and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018	2017	2018	2017
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	98.0	97.8	97.9	92.3
Convertible senior subordinated notes	—	—	—	5.4
Restricted stock awards, dilutive stock options, and restricted stock units	2.0	1.2	1.8	1.4
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	100.0	99.0	99.7	99.1

In October 2017, February 2018, and May 2018, our board of directors declared cash dividends of $0.25 per share that were paid in January 2018, April 2018, and July 2018, respectively. In July 2018, our board of directors approved an increase in our quarterly dividend and declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share that was paid on October 15, 2018. On October 26, 2018, our board declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share, payable on January 15, 2019 to stockholders of record on January 2, 2019. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, accrued common stock dividends of $28.2 million and $25.4 million, respectively, were included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Future dividend payments are subject to declaration by our board of directors.

On September 30, 2009, we issued 5.0 million shares of common stock and 8.2 million common stock warrants in full satisfaction of our obligation to do so under the January 2007 comprehensive settlement of the consolidated securities action brought against us by our stockholders and bondholders. Under the terms of the related warrant agreement, the warrants were exercisable at a price of $41.40 per share by means of a cash or a cashless exercise at the option of the holder. The warrants were not assumed exercised for dilutive shares outstanding because they were antidilutive in the periods presented. The warrants expired on January 17, 2017.

The following table summarizes information relating to these warrants and their activity through their expiration date (number of warrants in millions):

	Number of Warrants		Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Common stock warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2016	8.2		$	41.40
Cashless exercise	(6.5	)	41.40
Cash exercise	(0.6	)	41.40
Expired	(1.1	)	41.40
Common stock warrants outstanding as of January 17, 2017	—

The above exercises resulted in the issuance of 0.7 million shares of common stock. Cash exercises resulted in gross proceeds of approximately $27 million.

See Note 9, Long-term Debt and Note 16, Earnings per Common Share, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for additional information related to our convertible senior subordinated notes, common stock and common stock warrants.

10. Contingencies and Other Commitments

We operate in a highly regulated and litigious industry. As a result, various lawsuits, claims, and legal and regulatory proceedings have been and can be expected to be instituted or asserted against us. The resolution of any such lawsuits, claims, or legal and regulatory proceedings could materially and adversely affect our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in a given period.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Nichols Litigation—

We were named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed March 28, 2003 by several individual stockholders in the Circuit Court of Jefferson County, Alabama, captioned Nichols v. HealthSouth Corp. The plaintiffs allege that we, some of our former officers, and our former investment bank engaged in a scheme to overstate and misrepresent our earnings and financial position. The plaintiffs are seeking compensatory and punitive damages. This case was stayed in the circuit court on August 8, 2005. The plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on November 9, 2010 to which we responded with a motion to dismiss filed on December 22, 2010. During a hearing on February 24, 2012, plaintiffs’ counsel indicated his intent to dismiss certain claims against us. Instead, on March 9, 2012, the plaintiffs amended their complaint to include additional securities fraud claims against Encompass Health and add several former officers to the lawsuit. On September 12, 2012, the plaintiffs further amended their complaint to request certification as a class action. One of the former officers named as a defendant has repeatedly attempted to remove the case to federal district court, most recently on December 11, 2012. We filed our latest motion to remand the case back to state court on January 10, 2013. On September 27, 2013, the federal court remanded the case back to state court. On November 25, 2014, the plaintiffs filed another amended complaint to assert new allegations relating to the time period of 1997 to 2002. On December 10, 2014, we filed a motion to dismiss on the grounds the plaintiffs lack standing because their claims were derivative in nature, and the claims were time-barred by the statute of limitations. On May 26, 2016, the court granted our motion to dismiss. The plaintiffs appealed the dismissal of the case to the Supreme Court of Alabama on June 28, 2016. On March 23, 2018, the Alabama Supreme Court reversed the trial court’s dismissal, holding that the plaintiffs’ claims were not derivative or time-barred, and remanded the case for further proceedings. On April 6, 2018, we filed an application for rehearing with the Alabama Supreme Court.

We intend to vigorously defend ourselves in this case. Based on the stage of litigation, review of the current facts and circumstances as we understand them, the nature of the underlying claim, the results of the proceedings to date, and the nature and scope of the defense we continue to mount, we do not believe an adverse judgment or settlement is probable in this matter, and it is also not possible to estimate an amount of loss, if any, or range of possible loss that might result from an adverse judgment or settlement of this case.

Other Litigation—

One of our hospital subsidiaries was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed August 12, 2013 by an individual in the Circuit Court of Etowah County, Alabama, captioned Hontsv. HealthSouth Rehabilitation Hospital of Gadsden, LLC. The plaintiff alleged that her mother, who died more than three months after being discharged from our hospital, received an unprescribed opiate medication at the hospital. We deny the patient received any such medication, accounted for all the opiates at the hospital and argued the plaintiff established no causal liability between the actions of our staff and her mother’s death. The plaintiff sought recovery for punitive damages. On May 18, 2016, the jury in this case returned a verdict in favor of the plaintiff for $20.0 million. On June 17, 2016, we filed a renewed motion for judgment as a matter of law or, in the alternative, a motion for new trial or, in the further alternative, a motion seeking reduction of the damages awarded (collectively, the “post-judgment motions”). The trial court denied the post-judgment motions. We appealed the verdict as well as the rulings on the post-judgment motions to the Supreme Court of Alabama on October 12, 2016. On September 28, 2018, the Alabama Supreme Court reversed the trial court’s judgment and remanded the case for a new trial. On October 12, 2018, the plaintiff filed an application for rehearing with the Alabama Supreme Court, and we filed a brief in opposition to the rehearing application on October 25, 2018.

As a result of the original judgment, we recorded a net charge of $5.7 million to Other operating expenses in our consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016. As of June 30, 2018, we maintained a liability of $20.1 million in Accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding receivable of $15.5 million in Other current assets for the portion of the liability we would expect to be covered through our excess insurance coverages. The portion of this liability that would be a covered claim through our captive insurance subsidiary, HCS, Ltd. is $6.0 million.

As a result of the Alabama Supreme Court’s reversal, we reduced the associated liability, and no longer maintain an insurance receivable in our condensed consolidated balance sheet because we do not believe the liability exceeds the retention level. As of September 30, 2018, we maintained a liability included in Accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet in connection with this matter. We continue to believe in the merit of our defenses and counterarguments, and we intend to vigorously defend ourselves in the re-trial of this case.

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Governmental Inquiries and Investigations—

On March 4, 2013, we received document subpoenas from an office of the United States Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General (the “HHS-OIG”) addressed to four of our hospitals. Those subpoenas also requested complete copies of medical records for 100 patients treated at each of those hospitals between September 2008 and June 2012. The investigation is being conducted by the United States Department of Justice (the “DOJ”). On April 24, 2014, we received document subpoenas relating to an additional seven of our hospitals. The new subpoenas reference substantially similar investigation subject matter as the original subpoenas and request materials from the period January 2008 through December 2013. Two of the four hospitals addressed in the original set of subpoenas have received supplemental subpoenas to cover this new time period. The most recent subpoenas do not include requests for specific patient files. However, in February 2015, the DOJ requested the voluntary production of the medical records of an additional 70 patients, some of whom were treated in hospitals not subject to the subpoenas, and we provided these records. We have not received any subsequent requests for medical records from the DOJ.

All of the subpoenas are in connection with an investigation of alleged improper or fraudulent claims submitted to Medicare and Medicaid and request documents and materials relating to practices, procedures, protocols and policies, of certain pre- and post-admissions activities at these hospitals including, among other things, marketing functions, pre-admission screening, post-admission physician evaluations, patient assessment instruments, individualized patient plans of care, and compliance with the Medicare 60% rule. Under the Medicare rule commonly referred to as the “60% rule,” an inpatient rehabilitation hospital must treat 60% or more of its patients from at least one of a specified list of medical conditions in order to be reimbursed at the inpatient rehabilitation hospital payment rates, rather than at the lower acute care hospital payment rates.

We are cooperating fully with the DOJ in connection with this investigation and are currently unable to predict the timing or outcome of it. We intend to vigorously defend ourselves in this matter. Based on discussions with the DOJ, review of the current facts and circumstances as we understand them, and the nature of the investigation, it is not possible to estimate an amount of loss, if any, or range of possible loss that might result from it.

Other Matters—

The False Claims Act allows private citizens, called “relators,” to institute civil proceedings on behalf of the United States alleging violations of the False Claims Act. These lawsuits, also known as “whistleblower” or “qui tam” actions, can involve significant monetary damages, fines, attorneys’ fees and the award of bounties to the relators who successfully prosecute or bring these suits to the government. Qui tam cases are sealed at the time of filing, which means knowledge of the information contained in the complaint typically is limited to the relator, the federal government, and the presiding court. The defendant in a qui tam action may remain unaware of the existence of a sealed complaint for years. While the complaint is under seal, the government reviews the merits of the case and may conduct a broad investigation and seek discovery from the defendant and other parties before deciding whether to intervene in the case and take the lead on litigating the claims. The court lifts the seal when the government makes its decision on whether to intervene. If the government decides not to intervene, the relator may elect to continue to pursue the lawsuit individually on behalf of the government. It is possible that qui tam lawsuits have been filed against us, which suits remain under seal, or that we are unaware of such filings or precluded by existing law or court order from discussing or disclosing the filing of such suits. We may be subject to liability under one or more undisclosed qui tam cases brought pursuant to the False Claims Act.

It is our obligation as a participant in Medicare and other federal healthcare programs to routinely conduct audits and reviews of the accuracy of our billing systems and other regulatory compliance matters. As a result of these reviews, we have made, and will continue to make, disclosures to the HHS-OIG and CMS relating to amounts we suspect represent over-payments from these programs, whether due to inaccurate billing or otherwise. Some of these disclosures have resulted in, or may result in, Encompass Health refunding amounts to Medicare or other federal healthcare programs.

11. Segment Reporting

Our internal financial reporting and management structure is focused on the major types of services provided by Encompass Health. We manage our operations using two operating segments which are also our reportable segments: (1) inpatient rehabilitation and (2) home health and hospice. These reportable operating segments are consistent with

26

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

information used by our chief executive officer, who is our chief operating decision maker, to assess performance and allocate resources. The following is a brief description of our reportable segments:

• Inpatient Rehabilitation - Our national network of inpatient rehabilitation hospitals stretches across 31 states and Puerto Rico, with a concentration of hospitals in the eastern half of the United States and Texas. As of September 30, 2018, we operate 129 inpatient rehabilitation hospitals, including one hospital that operates as a joint venture that we account for using the equity method of accounting. In addition, we manage five inpatient rehabilitation units through management contracts. We provide specialized rehabilitative treatment on both an inpatient and outpatient basis. Our inpatient rehabilitation hospitals provide a higher level of rehabilitative care to patients who are recovering from conditions such as stroke and other neurological disorders, cardiac and pulmonary conditions, brain and spinal cord injuries, complex orthopedic conditions, and amputations.

• Home Health and Hospice - As of September 30, 2018, we provide home health and hospice services across 273 locations and 30 states with concentrations in the Southeast and Texas. In addition, two of these agencies operate as joint ventures that we account for using the equity method of accounting. Our home health services include a comprehensive range of Medicare-certified home nursing services to adult patients in need of care. These services include, among others, skilled nursing, physical, occupational, and speech therapy, medical social work, home health aide, and private duty services. Our hospice services primarily include in-home services to terminally ill patients and their families to address patients’ physical needs, including pain control and symptom management, and to provide emotional and spiritual support.

The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1, Basis of Presentation, “Net Operating Revenues” and “Accounts Receivable” to these condensed consolidated financial statements and Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K. All revenues for our services are generated through external customers. See Note 1, Basis of Presentation, “Net Operating Revenues,” for the payor composition of our revenues. No corporate overhead is allocated to either of our reportable segments. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates the performance of our segments and allocates resources to them based on adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“Segment Adjusted EBITDA”).

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Selected financial information for our reportable segments is as follows (in millions):

	Inpatient Rehabilitation												Home Health and Hospice
	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2018			2017			2018			2017
Net operating revenues	$	825.6		$	783.5		$	2,500.5		$	2,338.9		$	242.0		$	198.1		$	680.8		$	566.2
Operating expenses:
Inpatient rehabilitation:
Salaries and benefits	423.6			403.2			1,264.3			1,195.7			—			—			—			—
Other operating expenses	124.3			117.4			374.1			342.1			—			—			—			—
Supplies	33.6			33.1			104.2			100.6			—			—			—			—
Occupancy costs	15.9			15.7			47.4			46.3			—			—			—			—
Home health and hospice:
Cost of services sold (excluding depreciation and amortization)	—			—			—			—			114.6			92.1			322.3			267.3
Support and overhead costs	—			—			—			—			82.4			68.9			235.2			203.4
	597.4			569.4			1,790.0			1,684.7			197.0			161.0			557.5			470.7
Other income	(1.8		)	(1.0		)	(3.5		)	(2.9		)	—			—			(0.5		)	—
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(1.9		)	(1.9		)	(5.5		)	(5.6		)	(0.2		)	(0.2		)	(0.9		)	(0.6		)
Noncontrolling interests	19.0			16.7			59.3			48.6			2.0			2.5			6.4			4.6
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	212.9		$	200.3		$	660.2		$	614.1		$	43.2		$	34.8		$	118.3		$	91.5
Capital expenditures	$	64.5		$	59.1		$	181.1		$	164.7		$	1.7		$	1.7		$	7.7		$	5.6

	Inpatient Rehabilitation		Home Health and Hospice		Encompass Health Consolidated
As of September 30, 2018
Total assets	$	3,875.1	$	1,297.3	$	5,131.9
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates	9.8		2.9		12.7
As of December 31, 2017
Total assets	$	3,789.1	$	1,150.5	$	4,893.7
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates	9.3		2.6		11.9

28

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Segment reconciliations (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Total segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	256.1		$	235.1		$	778.5		$	705.6
General and administrative expenses	(49.9		)	(39.7		)	(165.9		)	(128.6		)
Depreciation and amortization	(51.2		)	(46.2		)	(146.8		)	(137.2		)
Gain (loss) on disposal of assets	1.0			(3.0		)	(2.2		)	(3.3		)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			(0.3		)	—			(10.7		)
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	(37.3		)	(36.8		)	(110.6		)	(118.5		)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	20.7			19.2			63.5			53.2
SARs mark-to-market impact on noncontrolling interests	0.3			—			2.2			—
Change in fair market value of equity securities	(0.1		)	—			(1.1		)	—
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	$	139.6		$	128.3		$	417.6		$	360.5

	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
Total assets for reportable segments	$	5,172.4		$	4,939.6
Reclassification of deferred income tax liabilities to net deferred income tax assets	(40.5		)	(45.9		)
Total consolidated assets	$	5,131.9		$	4,893.7

Additional detail regarding the revenues of our operating segments by service line follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Inpatient rehabilitation:
Inpatient	$	798.4	$	758.2	$	2,425.1	$	2,262.4
Outpatient and other	27.2		25.3		75.4		76.5
Total inpatient rehabilitation	825.6		783.5		2,500.5		2,338.9
Home health and hospice:
Home health	209.2		180.3		599.3		516.1
Hospice	32.8		17.8		81.5		50.1
Total home health and hospice	242.0		198.1		680.8		566.2
Total net operating revenues	$	1,067.6	$	981.6	$	3,181.3	$	2,905.1

12. Condensed Consolidating Financial Information

The accompanying condensed consolidating financial information has been prepared and presented pursuant to SEC Regulation S-X, Rule 3-10, “Financial Statements of Guarantors and Issuers of Guaranteed Securities Registered or Being Registered.” Each of the subsidiary guarantors is 100% owned by Encompass Health, and all guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several, subject to certain customary conditions for release. Encompass Health’s investments in its consolidated subsidiaries, as well as guarantor subsidiaries’ investments in nonguarantor subsidiaries and nonguarantor subsidiaries’ investments in guarantor subsidiaries, are presented under the equity method of accounting with the related investment presented within the line items Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates and Intercompany payable in the accompanying condensed consolidating balance sheets.

29

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

The terms of our credit agreement allow us to declare and pay cash dividends on our common stock so long as: (1) we are not in default under our credit agreement and (2) our senior secured leverage ratio (as defined in our credit agreement) remains less than or equal to 2x. The terms of our senior note indenture allow us to declare and pay cash dividends on our common stock so long as (1) we are not in default, (2) the consolidated coverage ratio (as defined in the indenture) exceeds 2x or we are otherwise allowed under the indenture to incur debt, and (3) we have capacity under the indenture’s restricted payments covenant to declare and pay dividends. See Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

Periodically, certain wholly owned subsidiaries of Encompass Health make dividends or distributions of available cash and/or intercompany receivable balances to their parents. In addition, Encompass Health makes contributions to certain wholly owned subsidiaries. When made, these dividends, distributions, and contributions impact the Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates, Intercompany payable, and Encompass Health shareholders’ equity line items in the accompanying condensed consolidating balance sheet but have no impact on the consolidated financial statements of Encompass Health Corporation.

30

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	4.8		$	574.5		$	520.6		$	(32.3	)	$	1,067.6
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	11.3			278.2			308.2			(5.4		)	592.3
Other operating expenses	9.9			80.3			64.7			(12.0		)	142.9
Occupancy costs	0.5			23.9			10.1			(14.9		)	19.6
Supplies	—			22.7			15.9			—			38.6
General and administrative expenses	38.8			—			11.1			—			49.9
Depreciation and amortization	4.4			26.6			20.2			—			51.2
Total operating expenses	64.9			431.7			430.2			(32.3		)	894.5
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	31.6			5.1			7.4			(6.8		)	37.3
Other income	(6.9		)	(0.3		)	(1.3		)	6.8			(1.7		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(1.9		)	(0.2		)	—			(2.1		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(117.7		)	(15.0		)	—			132.7			—
Management fees	(37.9		)	28.0			9.9			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	70.8			126.9			74.6			(132.7		)	139.6
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(17.9		)	34.2			13.9			—			30.2
Income from continuing operations	88.7			92.7			60.7			(132.7		)	109.4
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1		)	—			—			—			(0.1		)
Net income	88.6			92.7			60.7			(132.7		)	109.3
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(20.7		)	—			(20.7		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	92.7		$	40.0		$	(132.7	)	$	88.6
Comprehensive income	$	88.6		$	92.7		$	60.7		$	(132.7	)	$	109.3
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	92.7		$	40.0		$	(132.7	)	$	88.6

31

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	5.3		$	547.5		$	460.2		$	(31.4	)	$	981.6
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	9.1			266.4			271.9			(5.3		)	542.1
Other operating expenses	8.0			83.6			56.8			(12.2		)	136.2
Occupancy costs	0.4			23.4			8.7			(13.9		)	18.6
Supplies	—			22.4			14.1			—			36.5
General and administrative expenses	35.6			—			4.1			—			39.7
Depreciation and amortization	2.0			25.8			18.4			—			46.2
Total operating expenses	55.1			421.6			374.0			(31.4		)	819.3
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0.3			—			—			—			0.3
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	30.8			5.3			6.3			(5.6		)	36.8
Other income	(5.7		)	(0.1		)	(0.8		)	5.6			(1.0		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(1.9		)	(0.2		)	—			(2.1		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(85.0		)	(11.8		)	—			96.8			—
Management fees	(35.8		)	26.4			9.4			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	45.6			108.0			71.5			(96.8		)	128.3
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(20.4		)	43.1			20.4			—			43.1
Income from continuing operations	66.0			64.9			51.1			(96.8		)	85.2
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1		)	—			—			—			(0.1		)
Net income	65.9			64.9			51.1			(96.8		)	85.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(19.2		)	—			(19.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9		$	64.9		$	31.9		$	(96.8	)	$	65.9
Comprehensive income	$	65.9		$	64.9		$	51.1		$	(96.8	)	$	85.1
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9		$	64.9		$	31.9		$	(96.8	)	$	65.9

32

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	15.9		$	1,743.0		$	1,520.5		$	(98.1	)	$	3,181.3
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	33.9			835.1			887.9			(16.2		)	1,740.7
Other operating expenses	27.6			253.8			189.5			(37.4		)	433.5
Occupancy costs	1.5			71.5			29.2			(44.5		)	57.7
Supplies	—			70.6			47.2			—			117.8
General and administrative expenses	119.4			—			46.5			—			165.9
Depreciation and amortization	9.9			79.4			57.5			—			146.8
Total operating expenses	192.3			1,310.4			1,257.8			(98.1		)	2,662.4
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	93.3			15.5			20.3			(18.5		)	110.6
Other income	(17.8		)	(0.8		)	(2.8		)	18.5			(2.9		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(5.5		)	(0.9		)	—			(6.4		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(347.1		)	(50.4		)	—			397.5			—
Management fees	(114.8		)	84.5			30.3			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	210.0			389.3			215.8			(397.5		)	417.6
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(54.6		)	104.9			39.2			—			89.5
Income from continuing operations	264.6			284.4			176.6			(397.5		)	328.1
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.4		)	—			—			—			(0.4		)
Net income	264.2			284.4			176.6			(397.5		)	327.7
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(63.5		)	—			(63.5		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	264.2		$	284.4		$	113.1		$	(397.5	)	$	264.2
Comprehensive income	$	264.2		$	284.4		$	176.6		$	(397.5	)	$	327.7
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	264.2		$	284.4		$	113.1		$	(397.5	)	$	264.2

33

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	15.9		$	1,666.6		$	1,316.9		$	(94.3	)	$	2,905.1
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	29.1			803.7			783.0			(15.8		)	1,600.0
Other operating expenses	23.8			239.5			166.3			(36.3		)	393.3
Occupancy costs	1.4			70.0			25.6			(42.2		)	54.8
Supplies	—			69.4			41.2			—			110.6
General and administrative expenses	104.7			—			23.9			—			128.6
Depreciation and amortization	6.7			77.3			53.2			—			137.2
Total operating expenses	165.7			1,259.9			1,093.2			(94.3		)	2,424.5
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	10.7			—			—			—			10.7
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	100.5			15.9			18.1			(16.0		)	118.5
Other income	(16.5		)	(0.2		)	(2.2		)	16.0			(2.9		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(5.6		)	(0.6		)	—			(6.2		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(256.4		)	(29.3		)	—			285.7			—
Management fees	(107.8		)	80.7			27.1			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	119.7			345.2			181.3			(285.7		)	360.5
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(76.2		)	137.7			49.9			—			111.4
Income from continuing operations	195.9			207.5			131.4			(285.7		)	249.1
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.2		)	—			—			—			(0.2		)
Net income	195.7			207.5			131.4			(285.7		)	248.9
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(53.2		)	—			(53.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	195.7		$	207.5		$	78.2		$	(285.7	)	$	195.7
Comprehensive income	$	196.0		$	207.5		$	131.4		$	(285.7	)	$	249.2
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	196.0		$	207.5		$	78.2		$	(285.7	)	$	196.0

34

Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

	As of September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation		Guarantor Subsidiaries		Nonguarantor Subsidiaries		Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	42.0	$	4.4	$	10.5	$	—		$	56.9
Restricted cash	—		—		62.1		—			62.1
Accounts receivable	0.5		266.0		191.5		—			458.0
Other current assets	43.3		17.9		40.9		(41.1		)	61.0
Total current assets	85.8		288.3		305.0		(41.1		)	638.0
Property and equipment, net	116.8		1,023.9		450.3		—			1,591.0
Goodwill	—		854.6		1,226.5		—			2,081.1
Intangible assets, net	22.4		98.1		322.7		—			443.2
Deferred income tax assets	113.9		8.5		—		(39.8		)	82.6
Other long-term assets	51.9		102.8		141.3		—			296.0
Intercompany notes receivable	551.3		—		—		(551.3		)	—
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	2,856.8		411.0		—		(3,267.8		)	—
Total assets	$	3,798.9	$	2,787.2	$	2,445.8	$	(3,900.0	)	$	5,131.9
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	34.9	$	7.3	$	12.4	$	(17.5	)	$	37.1
Accounts payable	6.5		49.1		30.4		—			86.0
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	176.8		75.6		257.7		(23.6		)	486.5
Total current liabilities	218.2		132.0		300.5		(41.1		)	609.6
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,226.9		236.7		40.3		—			2,503.9
Intercompany notes payable	—		—		551.3		(551.3		)	—
Other long-term liabilities	35.3		17.2		185.5		(39.8		)	198.2
Intercompany payable	—		—		59.7		(59.7		)	—
	2,480.4		385.9		1,137.3		(691.9		)	3,311.7
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	—		—		236.5		—			236.5
Shareholders’ equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		2,401.3		806.8		(3,208.1		)	1,318.5
Noncontrolling interests	—		—		265.2		—			265.2
Total shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		2,401.3		1,072.0		(3,208.1		)	1,583.7
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	3,798.9	$	2,787.2	$	2,445.8	$	(3,900.0	)	$	5,131.9

35

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

	As of December 31, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation		Guarantor Subsidiaries		Nonguarantor Subsidiaries		Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	34.3	$	2.9	$	17.2	$	—		$	54.4
Restricted cash	—		—		62.4		—			62.4
Accounts receivable	—		285.2		186.9		—			472.1
Other current assets	61.4		21.7		48.7		(18.5		)	113.3
Total current assets	95.7		309.8		315.2		(18.5		)	702.2
Property and equipment, net	101.8		991.5		423.8		—			1,517.1
Goodwill	—		854.6		1,118.0		—			1,972.6
Intangible assets, net	11.8		105.1		286.2		—			403.1
Deferred income tax assets	97.4		8.4		—		(42.2		)	63.6
Other long-term assets	49.2		100.5		85.4		—			235.1
Intercompany notes receivable	486.2		—		—		(486.2		)	—
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	2,839.1		311.3		—		(3,150.4		)	—
Total assets	$	3,681.2	$	2,681.2	$	2,228.6	$	(3,697.3	)	$	4,893.7
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	32.8	$	7.4	$	9.6	$	(17.5	)	$	32.3
Accounts payable	10.4		43.5		24.5		—			78.4
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	166.8		82.0		159.0		(1.0		)	406.8
Total current liabilities	210.0		132.9		193.1		(18.5		)	517.5
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,258.5		242.2		44.7		—			2,545.4
Intercompany notes payable	—		—		486.2		(486.2		)	—
Other long-term liabilities	31.0		17.8		178.6		(42.1		)	185.3
Intercompany payable	—		—		144.8		(144.8		)	—
	2,499.5		392.9		1,047.4		(691.6		)	3,248.2
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	—		—		220.9		—			220.9
Shareholders’ equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,181.7		2,288.3		717.4		(3,005.7		)	1,181.7
Noncontrolling interests	—		—		242.9		—			242.9
Total shareholders’ equity	1,181.7		2,288.3		960.3		(3,005.7		)	1,424.6
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	3,681.2	$	2,681.2	$	2,228.6	$	(3,697.3	)	$	4,893.7

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(16.4	)	$	334.8		$	265.6		$	—		$	584.0
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(23.3		)	(97.7		)	(50.5		)	—			(171.5		)
Additions to capitalized software costs	(12.1		)	—			(1.1		)	—			(13.2		)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	(129.7		)	—			(6.1		)	—			(135.8		)
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany note receivable	70.0			—			—			(70.0		)	—
Other, net	(6.8		)	2.9			(1.9		)	—			(5.8		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(101.9		)	(94.8		)	(59.6		)	(70.0		)	(326.3		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments	(13.8		)	—			(2.3		)	—			(16.1		)
Principal payments on intercompany note payable	—			—			(70.0		)	70.0			—
Borrowings on revolving credit facility	285.0			—			—			—			285.0
Payments on revolving credit facility	(315.0		)	—			—			—			(315.0		)
Dividends paid on common stock	(74.3		)	—			(0.1		)	—			(74.4		)
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates	(65.1		)	—			—			—			(65.1		)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates	—			—			(56.5		)	—			(56.5		)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld	(7.4		)	—			(0.9		)	—			(8.3		)
Other, net	3.1			(5.6		)	(0.6		)	—			(3.1		)
Change in intercompany advances	313.5			(232.9		)	(80.6		)	—			—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	126.0			(238.5		)	(211.0		)	70.0			(253.5		)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	7.7			1.5			(5.0		)	—			4.2
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	34.3			2.9			79.6			—			116.8
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	42.0		$	4.4		$	74.6		$	—		$	121.0
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	34.3		$	2.9		$	17.2		$	—		$	54.4
Restricted cash at beginning of period	—			—			62.4			—			62.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	34.3		$	2.9		$	79.6		$	—		$	116.8
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	42.0		$	4.4		$	10.5		$	—		$	56.9
Restricted cash at end of period	—			—			62.1			—			62.1
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period	—			—			2.0			—			2.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	42.0		$	4.4		$	74.6		$	—		$	121.0
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity:
Intercompany note activity	$	(135.8	)	$	—		$	135.8		$	—		$	—

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Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	42.3		$	261.5		$	203.1		$	—		$	506.9
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(23.5		)	(67.7		)	(64.5		)	—			(155.7		)
Additions to capitalized software costs	(12.1		)	(0.2		)	(2.3		)	—			(14.6		)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	(10.9		)	—			(25.7		)	—			(36.6		)
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany note receivable	33.0			—			—			(33.0		)	—
Other, net	(2.7		)	11.7			(1.4		)	—			7.6
Net cash used in investing activities	(16.2		)	(56.2		)	(93.9		)	(33.0		)	(199.3		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments	(123.1		)	—			(2.3		)	—			(125.4		)
Principal payments on intercompany note payable	—			—			(33.0		)	33.0			—
Borrowings on revolving credit facility	241.3			—			—			—			241.3
Payments on revolving credit facility	(255.3		)	—			—			—			(255.3		)
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses	(38.1		)	—			—			—			(38.1		)
Dividends paid on common stock	(67.0		)	—			—			—			(67.0		)
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants	26.6			—			—			—			26.6
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates	—			—			(38.3		)	—			(38.3		)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld	(19.5		)	—			(0.3		)	—			(19.8		)
Other, net	(2.6		)	(5.0		)	13.0			—			5.4
Change in intercompany advances	237.4			(198.6		)	(38.8		)	—			—
Net cash used in financing activities	(0.3		)	(203.6		)	(99.7		)	33.0			(270.6		)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	25.8			1.7			9.5			—			37.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	20.6			1.6			79.2			—			101.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	46.4		$	3.3		$	88.7		$	—		$	138.4
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	20.6		$	1.6		$	18.3		$	—		$	40.5
Restricted cash at beginning of period	—			—			60.9			—			60.9
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	20.6		$	1.6		$	79.2		$	—		$	101.4
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	46.4		$	3.3		$	17.9		$	—		$	67.6
Restricted cash at end of period	—			—			70.8			—			70.8
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	46.4		$	3.3		$	88.7		$	—		$	138.4
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity:
Conversion of convertible debt	$	319.4		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	319.4

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) relates to Encompass Health Corporation and its subsidiaries and should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report. In addition, the following MD&A should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Part I, Item 1, Business and Item 1A, Risk Factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed on February 27, 2018 (collectively, the “2017 Form 10-K”).

This MD&A is designed to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our condensed consolidated financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those financial statements from period to period, and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting principles affect our condensed consolidated financial statements. See “Cautionary Statements Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” on page i of this report for a description of important factors that could cause actual results to differ from expected results. See also Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this report and to the 2017 Form 10-K.

Executive Overview

Our Business

We are one of the nation’s largest providers of post-acute healthcare services, offering both facility-based and home-based patient services in 36 states and Puerto Rico through our network of inpatient rehabilitation hospitals, home health agencies, and hospice agencies. As discussed in this Item, “Segment Results of Operations,” we manage our operations using two operating segments which are also our reportable segments: (1) inpatient rehabilitation and (2) home health and hospice. For additional information about our business, see Item 1, Business, of the 2017 Form 10-K.

Effective January 1, 2018, we changed our name from HealthSouth Corporation to Encompass Health Corporation, and our NYSE ticker symbol changed from “HLS” to “EHC.” Our operations in both business segments are transitioning to the Encompass Health branding on a rolling basis.

Inpatient Rehabilitation

We are the nation’s largest owner and operator of inpatient rehabilitation hospitals in terms of patients treated and discharged, revenues, and number of hospitals. We provide specialized rehabilitative treatment on both an inpatient and outpatient basis. We operate hospitals in 31 states and Puerto Rico, with concentrations in the eastern half of the United States and Texas. As of September 30, 2018, we operate 129 inpatient rehabilitation hospitals, including one hospital that operates as a joint venture that we account for using the equity method of accounting. In addition to our hospitals, we manage five inpatient rehabilitation units through management contracts. Our inpatient rehabilitation segment represented approximately 77% and 79% of our Net operating revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Home Health and Hospice

Our home health and hospice business is the nation’s fourth largest provider of Medicare-certified skilled home health services in terms of revenues. Our home health services include a comprehensive range of Medicare-certified home nursing services to adult patients in need of care. These services include, among others, skilled nursing, physical, occupational, and speech therapy, medical social work, and home health aide services. We also provide hospice services to terminally ill patients and their families that address patients’ physical needs, including pain control and symptom management, and to provide emotional and spiritual support. As of September 30, 2018, we provide home health and hospice services across 273 locations and 30 states, with concentrations in the Southeast and Texas. In addition, two of these home health locations operate as joint ventures that we account for using the equity method of accounting. Our home health and hospice segment represented approximately 23% and 21% of our Net operating revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

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2018 Overview

Our 2018 strategy focuses on the following priorities:

• providing high-quality, cost-effective care to patients in our existing markets;

• achieving organic growth at our existing inpatient rehabilitation hospitals, home health agencies, and hospice agencies;

• expanding our services to more patients who require post-acute healthcare services by constructing and acquiring hospitals in new markets and acquiring and opening home health and hospice agencies in new markets;

• making shareholder distributions via common stock dividends and repurchases of our common stock; and

• positioning the Company for success in the evolving healthcare delivery system through key operational initiatives that include implementing the rebranding and name change, developing and implementing post-acute patient navigation tools (Post-Acute Innovation Center), enhancing clinical collaboration between our inpatient rehabilitation hospitals and home health locations, refining and expanding use of clinical data analytics to further improve patient outcomes, and increasing participation in alternative payment models.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, Net operating revenues increased 8.8% and 9.5% over the same periods of 2017 due primarily to pricing and volume growth in our inpatient rehabilitation segment and volume growth in our home health and hospice segment.

Within our inpatient rehabilitation segment, discharge growth of 3.0% coupled with a 2.2% increase in net patient revenue per discharge in the third quarter of 2018 generated 5.4% growth in net patient revenue compared to the third quarter of 2017. Discharge growth included a 2.0% increase in same-store discharges. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, discharge growth of 4.9% coupled with a 2.1% increase in net patient revenue per discharge generated 6.9% growth in net patient revenue from our hospitals compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Our inpatient rehabilitation outcomes and certain quality measures, as reported through the Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation (the “UDS_MR”), remained well above the average for hospitals included in the UDS_MR database.

Within our home health and hospice segment, home health admission growth of 9.2% coupled with the impact of a 0.4% decrease in revenue per episode in the third quarter of 2018 contributed to 22.2% growth in home health and hospice revenue compared to the third quarter of 2017. Home health admission growth included a 3.8% increase in same-store admissions. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, home health admission growth of 9.8% coupled with the impact of a 0.7% decrease in revenue per episode contributed to 20.2% growth in home health and hospice revenue compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Home health admission growth for the nine-month period included a 5.8% increase in same-store admissions. The quality of patient care star rating for our home health agencies continued to be well above the national average, as reported by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”). In addition, 30-day readmission rates at our home health agencies continued to be well below the national average, as reported by Avalere Health and the Alliance for Home Health Quality and Innovation.

Our growth efforts thus far in 2018 related to our inpatient rehabilitation segment have included the following:

• entered into an agreement with Saint Alphonsus Regional Medical Center in February 2018 to own and operate a new 40-bed inpatient rehabilitation hospital in Boise, Idaho. The joint venture hospital is expected to begin operating in the third quarter of 2019 subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals;

• began operating our new 34-bed inpatient rehabilitation hospital in Shelby County, Alabama in April 2018 and our new 38-bed inpatient rehabilitation hospital in Bluffton, South Carolina (formerly referred to as Hilton Head, South Carolina) in June 2018;

• began operating a 29-bed inpatient rehabilitation hospital in Murrells Inlet, South Carolina with our joint venture partner, Tidelands Health, in September 2018;

• began operating our new 68-bed inpatient rehabilitation hospital in Winston-Salem, North Carolina with our joint venture partner, Novant Health Inc., in October 2018;

• continued the construction of our new 40-bed joint venture hospital with University Medical Center Health System in Lubbock, Texas. The hospital is expected to begin operating in the second quarter of 2019;

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• continued our capacity expansions by adding 16 new beds to existing hospitals; and

• continued development of the following de novo hospitals:

Location	# of Beds	Actual / Expected Construction Start Date	Expected Operational Date
Murrieta, California	50	Q2 2018	Q4 2019
Katy, Texas	40	Q3 2018	Q4 2019

We also continued our growth efforts in our home health and hospice segment. On May 1, 2018, we completed the acquisition of privately owned Camellia Healthcare and affiliated entities (“Camellia”). The Camellia portfolio consisted of 18 hospice, 14 home health, and 2 private duty locations in Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana and Tennessee. The Camellia acquisition leveraged our home health and hospice operating platform across key certificate of need states and strengthened our geographic presence in the Southeastern United States. With the closing of this transaction, we are positioned as a top 25 provider of hospice services. We funded the cash purchase price of the acquisition with cash on hand and borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We expect to realize a tax benefit with an estimated present value of $20 million to $25 million related to this transaction.

In addition to completing the Camellia transaction, we acquired two hospice locations located in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and Las Vegas, Nevada and began accepting patients at our five new home health locations in Owasso, Oklahoma; Atlanta, Georgia; Vernon, Alabama; Boise, Idaho; and Henderson, Nevada.

We also continued our shareholder distributions. In October 2017, February 2018, and May 2018, our board of directors declared cash dividends of $0.25 per share that were paid in January 2018, April 2018, and July 2018, respectively. On July 24, 2018, our board of directors approved an increase in our quarterly dividend and declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share, that was paid on October 15, 2018. On October 26, 2018, our board of directors declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share, payable on January 15, 2019 to stockholders of record on January 2, 2019. For additional information see the “Liquidity and Capital Resources” section of this Item.

Business Outlook

We believe our business outlook remains positive. Favorable demographic trends, such as population aging, should increase long-term demand for facility-based and home-based care. While we treat patients of all ages, most of our patients are 65 and older, and the number of Medicare enrollees is expected to grow approximately 3% per year for the foreseeable future. We believe the demand for facility-based and home-based care will continue to increase as the U.S. population ages. We believe these factors align with our strengths in, and focus on, post-acute services. In addition, we believe we can address the demand for facility-based and home-based post-acute care services in markets where we currently do not have a presence by constructing or acquiring new hospitals and by acquiring or opening home health and hospice agencies in that extremely fragmented industry.

We are an industry leader in the growing post-acute sector. As the nation’s largest owner and operator of inpatient rehabilitation hospitals in terms of patients treated and discharged, revenues, and number of hospitals, we believe we differentiate ourselves from our competitors based on the quality of our clinical outcomes, our cost-effectiveness, our financial strength, and our extensive application of technology. As the fourth largest provider of Medicare-certified skilled home health services in terms of revenues, we believe we differentiate ourselves from our competitors by the application of a highly integrated technology platform, our ability to manage a variety of care pathways, and a proven track record of consummating and integrating acquisitions.

We have invested considerable resources into clinical and management systems and protocols that have allowed us to consistently produce high-quality outcomes for our patients while continuing to contain cost growth. Our proprietary hospital management reporting system aggregates data from each of our key business systems into a comprehensive reporting package used by the management teams in our hospitals, as well as executive management, and allows them to analyze data and trends and create custom reports on a timely basis. Our commitment to technology also includes our electronic clinical information system (“ACE-IT”). We believe this system will improve patient care and safety, enhance staff recruitment and retention, and set the stage for connectivity with other providers and health information exchanges. Our home health and hospice segment also uses information technology to enhance patient care and manage the business by utilizing Homecare Homebase^SM, an industry leading comprehensive information platform designed to manage the entire patient work flow and allow home health providers to process clinical, compliance, and marketing information as well as analyze data and trends for management

41

purposes using custom reports on a timely basis. Homecare Homebase^SM also allows providers to share valuable data with payors to promote better patient outcomes on a more cost-effective basis. All of these systems allow us to enhance our clinical and business processes. Our information systems allow us to collect, analyze, and share information on a timely basis, making us an ideal partner for other healthcare providers in a coordinated care delivery environment.

Our short-term priorities include our operational initiatives. The implementation of our rebranding and name change reflects our expanding national footprint and our strategy to deliver high-quality, cost-effective integrated care across the post-acute continuum. Through the Post-Acute Innovation Center, we will combine our clinical expertise with Cerner’s technology in an effort to assume a leading position in the development and utilization of market-specific clinical decision support tools. We will also continue to enhance the clinical collaboration efforts between our two segments, refine and expand our predictive data analytics to further improve patient outcomes, and increase our participation in alternative payment models.

Longer term, the nature and timing of the transformation of the current healthcare system to coordinated care delivery and payment models is uncertain and will likely remain so for some time, as the development and implementation of new care delivery and payment systems will require significant time and resources. Furthermore, many of the alternative approaches being explored may not work as intended. However, as outlined in the 2017 Form 10-K (see Item 1, Business, “Competitive Strengths”), our goal is to position the Company in a prudent manner to be responsive to industry shifts. We have invested in our core business and created an infrastructure that enables us to provide high-quality care on a cost-effective basis. We have been disciplined in creating a capital structure that is flexible with no significant debt maturities prior to 2022. We continue to have a strong, well-capitalized balance sheet, including a substantial portfolio of owned real estate. We have significant availability under our revolving credit facility, and we continue to generate strong cash flows from operations. We intend to deploy free cash flow to fund the growth opportunities in both of our business segments and augment these investments with shareholder distributions, including a regular quarterly cash dividend on our common stock.

For these and other reasons, we believe we will be able to adapt to changes in reimbursement, sustain our business model, and grow through acquisition and consolidation opportunities as they arise.

Key Challenges

Healthcare is a highly-regulated industry facing many well-publicized regulatory and reimbursement challenges. The industry also is facing uncertainty associated with the efforts, primarily arising from initiatives included in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (as subsequently amended, the “2010 Healthcare Reform Laws”), to identify and implement workable coordinated care and integrated delivery payment models. Successful healthcare providers are those able to adapt to changes in the regulatory and operating environments, build strategic relationships across the healthcare continuum, and consistently provide high-quality, cost-effective care. We believe we have the necessary capabilities — change agility, strategic relationships, quality of patient outcomes, cost effectiveness, and ability to capitalize on growth opportunities — to adapt to and succeed in a dynamic, highly regulated industry, and we have a proven track record of doing so.

As we continue to execute our business plan, the following are some of the challenges we face.

• Operating in a Highly Regulated Industry. We are required to comply with extensive and complex laws and regulations at the federal, state, and local government levels. These rules and regulations have affected, or could in the future affect, our business activities by having an impact on the reimbursement we receive for services provided or the costs of compliance, mandating new documentation standards, requiring additional licensure or certification, regulating our relationships with physicians and other referral sources, regulating the use of our properties, and limiting our ability to enter new markets or add new capacity to existing hospitals and agencies. Ensuring continuous compliance with extensive laws and regulations is an operating requirement for all healthcare providers.

We have invested, and will continue to invest, substantial time, effort, and expense in implementing and maintaining training programs as well as internal controls and procedures designed to ensure regulatory compliance, and we are committed to continued adherence to these guidelines. More specifically, because Medicare comprises a significant portion of our Net operating revenues, it is particularly important for us to remain compliant with the laws and regulations governing the Medicare program and related matters including anti-kickback and anti-fraud requirements. The federal government’s reliance on sub-regulatory guidance, such as handbooks, FAQs, internal memoranda, and press releases, presents a unique challenge. Such sub-regulatory guidance purports to explain validly promulgated regulations but often expands or supplements existing regulations without constitutionally and statutorily required notice and comment and other procedural protections. Without procedural protections, sub-regulatory guidance poses a risk above and beyond reasonable efforts to follow validly promulgated regulations, particularly when the agency or Medicare Administrative Contractor

42

(“MAC”) seeking to enforce such sub-regulatory guidance is not the agency or MAC issuing the guidance. The federal government is also increasingly turning to statistical sampling and extrapolation of legal arguments to expand enforcement claims and advocate for changes in reimbursement policy. Through sampling and extrapolation, the government takes a review of a small number of reimbursement claims and generalizes the results of that review to a much broader universe of claims, which can result in significant increases in the aggregate number and value of claims denials in payment review audits such as those conducted by Recovery Audit Contractors (“RACs”) and Zone Program Integrity Contractors (“ZPICs”). In addition to payment reviews, government agencies may allege compliance violations, including submission of false claims, based on sampling and extrapolation and seek to change reimbursement policy. For example, the United States Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General (the “HHS-OIG”) recently issued a report purporting to identify a high error rate (approximately 80% of claims) among inpatient rehabilitation hospital admissions in a small sample of 220 claims. Based on its findings, the HHS-OIG extrapolated the error rate to the universe of inpatient rehabilitation claims and, among other things, recommended reevaluation of the IRF-PPS as defined below. However, the HHS-OIG report involves an extremely small sample size, did not employ a statistically valid sampling methodology to extrapolate, includes some citations to coverage requirements that do not match actual regulations, appears to conflate technical documentation requirements with medical necessity determinations, and is at odds with CMS’s pre-payment claims review process during that same timeframe which found substantially lower error rates. Additionally, there is no statutory authority for the practice of extrapolating in Medicare claims reviews. Notwithstanding the technical statistical flaws that can arise in sampling small groups of claims and the extremely problematic nature of extrapolation in the context of individualized decisions of medical judgment as some courts are beginning to note, sampling and extrapolation pose a growing risk to healthcare providers in the form of more significant claims of overpayments and increased legal costs to defend against these problematic regulatory practices. If we were unable to remain compliant with Medicare and other regulations, our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows could be materially, adversely impacted.

Concerns held by federal policymakers about the federal deficit and national debt levels, as well as other healthcare policy priorities, could result in enactment of legislation affecting portions of the Medicare program, including post-acute care services we provide. It is not clear whether Congress will pass legislation to modify or repeal the provisions of the 2010 Healthcare Reform Laws most relevant to us, nor is it clear what, if any, other Medicare-related changes may ultimately be enacted and signed into law or otherwise implemented or caused by the Trump Administration through regulatory procedures, but it is possible that any reductions in Medicare spending will have a material impact on reimbursements for healthcare providers generally and post-acute providers specifically. We cannot predict what, if any, changes in Medicare spending or modifications to the healthcare laws and regulations will result from future budget or other legislative or regulatory initiatives.

On February 9, 2018, President Trump signed into law the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (the “2018 Budget Act”). The 2018 Budget Act requires CMS to update the home health prospective payment system (the “HH-PPS”) with a market basket update of 1.5% and eliminates the productivity adjustment for 2020. The 2018 Budget Act also mandates several significant changes to the HH-PPS, including replacing in 2020 the 60-day unit of payment with a 30-day unit of payment methodology, while retaining the 60-day episode. We cannot predict the impact of these significant changes to the HH-PPS on our home health agencies and their Medicare reimbursements. For additional discussion on changes included in the 2018 Budget Act see Item 1A, Risk Factors, to the 2017 Form 10-K.

On July 31, 2018, CMS released its Notice of Final Rulemaking for Fiscal Year 2019 (the “2019 Final IRF Rule”) for inpatient rehabilitation facilities under the inpatient rehabilitation facility prospective payment system (the “IRF-PPS”). The 2019 Final IRF Rule will implement a net 1.35% market basket increase effective for discharges between October 1, 2018 and September 30, 2019, calculated as follows:

Market basket update	2.9%
Healthcare reform reduction	75 basis points
Productivity adjustment	80 basis points

The 2019 Final IRF Rule also includes other changes that impact our hospital-by-hospital base rate for Medicare reimbursement. Such changes include, but are not limited to, revision to the wage index values, updates to the case-mix group relative weights and average length of stay values using fiscal year 2017 claims data and 2016 cost report data, and an increase to the outlier fixed loss threshold. CMS has estimated the 2019 Final IRF Rule will increase Medicare IRF payments in fiscal year 2019 by approximately 1.3%. Based on our analysis that

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utilizes, among other things, the acuity of our patients over the 12-month period prior to the 2019 Final IRF Rule’s release, our experience with outlier payments over this same time frame, and other factors, we believe the 2019 Final IRF Rule will result in a net increase to our Medicare payment rates of approximately 1.2% effective October 1, 2018.

The 2019 Final IRF Rule will also modify certain IRF coverage requirements and remove two quality reporting measures. Beginning in fiscal year 2020, CMS will no longer utilize the functional assessment items contained in the FIM^TM instrument as part of the IRF Patient Assessment Instrument. This will affect patients’ classification into case-mix groupings and length-of-stay values under the IRF-PPS. CMS will be further modifying the case-mix groupings, length-of-stay values and other definitions in the fiscal year 2020 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking after incorporating a second year of data in its regression modeling. At present, we are unable to determine the impact the changes to the case-mix classification system starting in fiscal year 2020 would have on Medicare payments beginning October 1, 2019.

On July 2, 2018, CMS released its Notice of Proposed Rulemaking for Calendar Year 2019 (the “2019 Proposed HH Rule”) for home health agencies under the HH-PPS. CMS estimates the 2019 Proposed HH Rule would increase Medicare payments to home health agencies by 2.1%. Specifically, while the proposed rule provides for a market basket update of 2.8%, that update is reduced by 0.7% for a productivity adjustment and 0.1% for the extension of the rural payment add-on factor as mandated by the 2018 Budget Act and increased by 0.1% for a change in the outlier fixed-dollar loss ratio. The 2019 Proposed HH Rule included other changes that would impact our agency-by-agency episode payment for Medicare reimbursement in 2019. Such changes include, but are not limited to, revisions to the case-mix weights, wage index values, and national per-visit payment amounts. The 2019 Proposed HH Rule would provide further updates to the home health value-based purchasing and home health quality reporting programs. While we continue to review the details of the 2019 Proposed HH Rule, we believe it will result in an increase to our Medicare home health payment rates of approximately 1.6% effective for episodes ending in calendar year 2019.

The 2019 Proposed HH Rule also proposes significant changes to the HH-PPS that would be effective on or after January 1, 2020. These changes would include the implementation of a new home health payment system, called the Patient-Driven Groupings Model (“PDGM”). The PDGM would use 30-day payment periods and rely more heavily on clinical characteristics and other patient information (such as principal diagnosis, functional level, referral source, and timing), rather than the current therapy service-use thresholds, to set payments. It is too early to assess the potential effect of PDGM on our business in 2020. The details of the rule are likely to change before the rule goes into effect. We cannot at this time assess potential changes to our patient mix between now and 2020. Our current projections do not account for actions we may potentially take to adapt to the rule. To present PDGM as budget neutral, CMS has indicated that significant Medicare rate reductions to offset expected provider behavioral changes in response to PDGM are likely to occur. Based on 2017 data, and assuming no change in the foregoing and other factors, which are subject to potentially significant change, we estimate an approximate 5.4% reduction in Medicare payments assuming the PDGM is implemented on a budget neutral basis. We are unable to assess the likelihood or effect of these potential behavioral changes.

Reimbursement claims made by healthcare providers, including inpatient rehabilitation hospitals as well as home health and hospice agencies, are subject to audit from time to time by governmental payors and their agents, such as the MACs, fiscal intermediaries and carriers, as well as the Office of Inspector General, CMS, and state Medicaid programs. These audits as well as the ordinary course claim reviews of our billings result in payment denials. Healthcare providers can challenge any denials through an administrative appeals process that can be extremely lengthy, taking up to eight years or longer. For additional details of these claim reviews, See Item 1A, Risk Factors, to the 2017 Form 10-K.

For additional discussion of our regulatory environment, see Item 1, Business, “Sources of Revenues” and “Regulation,” Item 1A, Risk Factors, and Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, “Executive Overview—Key Challenges,” to the 2017 Form 10-K and Note 10, Contingencies and Other Commitments, “Governmental Inquiries and Investigations,” to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report.

• Changes to Our Operating Environment Resulting from Healthcare Reform. Many provisions within the 2010 Healthcare Reform Laws have impacted, or could in the future impact, our business. Most notable for us are Medicare reimbursement reductions, such as reductions to annual market basket updates to providers and reimbursement rate rebasing adjustments, and promotion of alternative payment models, such as accountable care organizations (“ACOs”) and bundled payment initiatives such as the Bundled Payment for Care Improvement

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Initiative (“BPCI”), the Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (“CJR”) program, and the BPCI-Advanced program. Our challenges related to healthcare reform are discussed in Item 1, Business, “Sources of Revenues,” and Item 1A, Risk Factors to the 2017 Form 10-K.

While the change in administration has added to regulatory uncertainty, the healthcare industry in general has been facing uncertainty associated with the efforts to identify and implement workable coordinated care and integrated delivery payment models. In these models, hospitals, physicians, and other care providers work together to provide coordinated healthcare on a more efficient, patient-centered basis. These providers are then paid based on the efficiency and overall value and quality of the services they provide to a patient. While this is consistent with our goal and proven track record of being a high-quality, cost-effective provider, broad-based implementation of a new care delivery and payment model would represent a significant transformation for the healthcare industry. As the industry and its regulators explore this transformation, we are attempting to position the Company in preparation for whatever changes are ultimately made to the delivery system as discussed in Item 1, Business, “Competitive Strengths” to the 2017 Form 10-K.

Given the complexity and the number of changes in the 2010 Healthcare Reform Laws and other pending regulatory initiatives, we cannot predict their ultimate impact. As noted above, it is not clear whether Congress will pass legislation to modify or repeal the 2010 Healthcare Laws, nor can we predict whether other legislation affecting Medicare and post-acute care providers will be enacted, or what actions the Trump Administration may take or cause through the regulatory process that may result in modifications to the 2010 Healthcare Laws or the Medicare program. Therefore, the ultimate nature and timing of the transformation of the healthcare delivery system is uncertain, and will likely remain so for some time. We will continue to evaluate these laws and regulations and position the Company for this industry shift. Based on our track record, we believe we can adapt to these regulatory and industry changes. Further, we have engaged, and will continue to engage, actively in discussions with key legislators and regulators to attempt to ensure any healthcare laws or regulations adopted or amended promote our goal of high-quality, cost-effective care.

Additionally, in October 2014, President Obama signed into law the IMPACT Act. The IMPACT Act was developed on a bi-partisan basis by the House Ways and Means and Senate Finance Committees and incorporated feedback from healthcare providers and provider organizations that responded to the Committees’ solicitation of post-acute payment reform ideas and proposals. It directs the United States Department of Health and Human Services (“HHS”), in consultation with healthcare stakeholders, to implement standardized data collection processes for post-acute quality and outcome measures. Although the IMPACT Act does not specifically call for the development of a new post-acute payment system, we believe this act will lay the foundation for possible future post-acute payment policies that would be based on patients’ medical conditions and other clinical factors rather than the setting where the care is provided, also referred to as “site neutral” reimbursement. For additional details on the IMPACT Act, see Item 1A, Risk Factors to the 2017 Form 10-K. In recent years, MedPAC meetings have included a discussion of the development of a unified post-acute care payment system. On September 24, 2018, CMS held a Technical Expert Panel discussion on this topic.

• Maintaining Strong Volume Growth. Various factors, including competition and increasing regulatory and administrative burdens, may impact our ability to maintain and grow our hospital, home health, and hospice volumes. In any particular market, we may encounter competition from local or national entities with longer operating histories or other competitive advantages, such as acute care hospitals who provide post-acute services similar to ours or other post-acute providers with relationships with referring acute care hospitals or physicians. Aggressive payment review practices by Medicare contractors, aggressive enforcement of regulatory policies by government agencies, and restrictive or burdensome rules, regulations or statutes governing admissions practices may lead us to not accept patients who would be appropriate for and would benefit from the services we provide. In addition, from time to time, we must get regulatory approval to expand our services and locations in states with certificate of need laws. This approval may be withheld or take longer than expected. In the case of new-store volume growth, the addition of hospitals, home health agencies, and hospice agencies to our portfolio also may be difficult and take longer than expected.

• Recruiting and Retaining High-Quality Personnel. See Item 1A, Risk Factors, to the 2017 Form 10-K for a discussion of competition for staffing, shortages of qualified personnel, and other factors that may increase our labor costs. Recruiting and retaining qualified personnel for our inpatient hospitals and home health and hospice agencies remain a high priority for us. We attempt to maintain a comprehensive compensation and benefits package that allows us to remain competitive in this challenging staffing environment while remaining consistent with our goal of being a high-quality, cost-effective provider of post-acute services.

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See also Item 1, Business, Item 1A, Risk Factors, and Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, “Executive Overview—Key Challenges,” to the 2017 Form 10‑K.

These key challenges notwithstanding, we believe we have a strong business model, a strong balance sheet, and a proven track record of achieving strong financial and operational results. We are attempting to position the Company to respond to changes in the healthcare delivery system and believe we will be in a position to take advantage of any opportunities that arise as the industry moves to this new stage. We believe we are positioned to continue to grow, adapt to external events, and create value for our shareholders in 2018 and beyond.

Results of Operations

Payor Mix

We derived consolidated Net operating revenues from the following payor sources:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	75.4	%	76.0	%	75.8	%	75.8	%
Medicare Advantage	9.2	%	8.4	%	9.1	%	8.7	%
Managed care	8.8	%	9.2	%	8.9	%	9.4	%
Medicaid	2.8	%	2.7	%	2.7	%	2.5	%
Other third-party payors	1.1	%	1.3	%	1.1	%	1.3	%
Workers’ compensation	0.7	%	0.7	%	0.7	%	0.7	%
Patients	0.5	%	0.5	%	0.5	%	0.5	%
Other income	1.5	%	1.2	%	1.2	%	1.1	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

For additional information regarding our payors, see the “Sources of Revenues” section of Item 1, Business, of the 2017 Form 10-K.

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Our Results

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, our consolidated results of operations were as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Percentage Change		Nine Months Ended September 30,						Percentage Change
	2018			2017			2018 vs. 2017		2018			2017			2018 vs. 2017
	(In Millions, Except Percentage Change)
Net operating revenues	$	1,067.6		$	981.6		8.8	%	$	3,181.3		$	2,905.1		9.5	%
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	592.3			542.1			9.3	%	1,740.7			1,600.0			8.8	%
Other operating expenses	142.9			136.2			4.9	%	433.5			393.3			10.2	%
Occupancy costs	19.6			18.6			5.4	%	57.7			54.8			5.3	%
Supplies	38.6			36.5			5.8	%	117.8			110.6			6.5	%
General and administrative expenses	49.9			39.7			25.7	%	165.9			128.6			29.0	%
Depreciation and amortization	51.2			46.2			10.8	%	146.8			137.2			7.0	%
Total operating expenses	894.5			819.3			9.2	%	2,662.4			2,424.5			9.8	%
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			0.3			(100.0	)%	—			10.7			(100.0	)%
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	37.3			36.8			1.4	%	110.6			118.5			(6.7	)%
Other income	(1.7		)	(1.0		)	70.0	%	(2.9		)	(2.9		)	—	%
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(2.1		)	(2.1		)	—	%	(6.4		)	(6.2		)	3.2	%
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	139.6			128.3			8.8	%	417.6			360.5			15.8	%
Provision for income tax expense	30.2			43.1			(29.9	)%	89.5			111.4			(19.7	)%
Income from continuing operations	109.4			85.2			28.4	%	328.1			249.1			31.7	%
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1		)	(0.1		)	—	%	(0.4		)	(0.2		)	100.0	%
Net income	109.3			85.1			28.4	%	327.7			248.9			31.7	%
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	7.8	%	(63.5		)	(53.2		)	19.4	%
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	65.9		34.4	%	$	264.2		$	195.7		35.0	%

Operating Expenses as a % of Net Operating Revenues

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	55.5	%	55.2	%	54.7	%	55.1	%
Other operating expenses	13.4	%	13.9	%	13.6	%	13.5	%
Occupancy costs	1.8	%	1.9	%	1.8	%	1.9	%
Supplies	3.6	%	3.7	%	3.7	%	3.8	%
General and administrative expenses	4.7	%	4.0	%	5.2	%	4.4	%
Depreciation and amortization	4.8	%	4.7	%	4.6	%	4.7	%
Total operating expenses	83.8	%	83.5	%	83.7	%	83.5	%

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In the discussion that follows, we use “same-store” comparisons to explain the changes in certain performance metrics and line items within our financial statements. We calculate same-store comparisons based on hospitals and locations open throughout both the full current periods and prior periods presented. These comparisons include the financial results of market consolidation transactions in existing markets, as it is difficult to determine, with precision, the incremental impact of these transactions on our results of operations.

Net Operating Revenues

Our consolidated Net operating revenues increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 over the same periods of 2017 due primarily to volume and pricing growth in our inpatient rehabilitation segment and volume growth in our home health and hospice segment. The nine months ended September 30, 2018 benefited from retroactive price adjustments and a year-over-year reduction in bad debt, which is now a component of revenues as a result of the new revenue recognition accounting guidance discussed in Note 1, Basis of Presentation, “Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” of the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report.

Salaries and Benefits

Salaries and benefits increased in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017 primarily due to salary increases for our employees, increased benefit costs, and increased patient volumes, including an increase in the number of full-time equivalents as a result of our development activities.

Salaries and benefits as a percent of Net operating revenues increased during the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017 primarily as a result of an increase in full-time equivalents, an increase in salary and benefit costs, and a pricing decline in our home health and hospice segment. Full-time equivalents increased due to the ramping up of new hospitals, as described in “Segment Results” of this Item. Salaries and benefits during the three months ended September 30, 2017 included incremental compensation and benefit costs related to hurricanes.

Salaries and benefits as a percent of Net operating revenues decreased during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017 primarily from labor management and higher volumes which contributed to lower employees per occupied bed, as defined in “Segment Results” of this Item, and benefited from the inclusion of $4.5 million of business interruption insurance recoveries in Net operating revenues related to the 2017 hurricanes and the aforementioned reduction in bad debt.

Salaries and benefits are expected to increase in the fourth quarter of 2018 due to an approximate 2.75% merit

increase provided to our nonmanagement hospital employees effective October 14, 2018.

Other Operating Expenses

Other operating expenses increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017 primarily due to increased patient volumes. As a percent of Net operating revenues, Other operating expenses decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017 primarily due to the inclusion of $4.5 million of business interruption insurance recoveries in Net operating revenues related to the 2017 hurricanes. As a percent of Net operating revenues, Other operating expenses increased during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017 primarily due to increases in contract services and provider taxes.

Supplies

Supplies increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017 due primarily to increased patient volumes.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017in terms of dollars and as a percent of Net operating revenues due primarily to increased salary and benefit costs, including expenses associated with stock appreciation rights, and costs associated with our rebranding. The 2018 rebranding expenses are estimated to be approximately $11 million to $13 million, of which $1.9 million and $8.3 million was spent during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, compared to $1.5 million and $3.7 million spent during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. For additional information on stock appreciation rights, see Note 13, Share-Based Payments, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K, and on rebranding, see the “Executive Overview” section of this Item.

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Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017 due to our capital expenditures and development activities.

Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt

The Loss on early extinguishment of debt during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 resulted from exercising the early redemption option on all $320 million of Convertible Notes resulting in the issuance of 8.9 million shares of common stock. See Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for additional information regarding these transactions.

Interest Expense and Amortization of Debt Discounts and Fees

The decrease in Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017 primarily resulted from the redemption of the 2.0% Convertible Senior Subordinated Notes due 2043 in June 2017. See Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Tax Expense

Our pre-tax income from continuing operations increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017 primarily due to increased Net operating revenues as discussed above.

Provision for Income Tax Expense

Our Provision for income tax expense of $30.2 million and $89.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, primarily resulted from the application of our estimated effective blended federal and state income tax rate. Our Provision for income tax expense of $43.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 primarily resulted from the application of our estimated effective blended federal and state income tax rate. Our Provision for income tax expense of $111.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 primarily resulted from the application of our estimated effective blended federal and state income tax rate as well as tax benefits resulting from exercises and vesting of share-based compensation. Our Provision for income tax expense declined during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017 due primarily to the impact of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”).

We currently estimate our cash payments for income taxes to be approximately $110 million to $120 million, net of refunds, for 2018. These payments are expected to primarily result from federal and state income tax expenses based on estimates of taxable income for 2018. As discussed in Note 8, Income Taxes, to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report, the Tax Act included revisions to Internal Revenue Code §451 that may eliminate the deferral of revenue associated with pre-payment claims denials and require us to pay tax on such denied claims. We are currently evaluating this provision of the Tax Act and its impact on the tax deferral associated with pre-payment claims denials we received in 2017. Our estimate of 2018 cash taxes considers that some or all of the deferred revenue will be reversed.

In certain jurisdictions, we do not expect to generate sufficient income to use all of the available state NOLs and other credits prior to their expiration. This determination is based on our evaluation of all available evidence in these jurisdictions including results of operations during the preceding three years, our forecast of future earnings, and prudent tax planning strategies. It is possible we may be required to increase or decrease our valuation allowance at some future time if our forecast of future earnings varies from actual results on a consolidated basis or in the applicable tax jurisdiction, if the timing of future tax deductions differs from our expectations, or pursuant to changes in state tax laws and rates.

We recognize the financial statement effects of uncertain tax positions when it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits, a position will be sustained upon examination by and resolution with the taxing authorities. Total remaining unrecognized tax benefits were $0.9 million and $0.3 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.

See Note 8, Income Taxes, to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report and Note 15, Income Taxes, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

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Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests

The increase in Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017 primarily resulted from our new joint ventures and increased profitability of our existing joint ventures.

Segment Results of Operations

Our internal financial reporting and management structure is focused on the major types of services provided by Encompass Health. We manage our operations using two operating segments which are also our reportable segments: (1) inpatient rehabilitation and (2) home health and hospice. For additional information regarding our business segments, including a detailed description of the services we provide, financial data for each segment, and a reconciliation of total segment Adjusted EBITDA to income from continuing operations before income tax expense, see Note 11, Segment Reporting, to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report.

Inpatient Rehabilitation

Our inpatient rehabilitation segment derived its Net operating revenues from the following payor sources:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	72.8	%	73.5	%	73.2	%	73.4	%
Medicare Advantage	9.1	%	8.1	%	9.0	%	8.4	%
Managed care	10.3	%	10.6	%	10.3	%	10.8	%
Medicaid	3.1	%	3.3	%	3.1	%	3.0	%
Other third-party payors	1.4	%	1.6	%	1.5	%	1.6	%
Workers’ compensation	0.8	%	0.9	%	0.8	%	0.9	%
Patients	0.6	%	0.6	%	0.6	%	0.6	%
Other income	1.9	%	1.4	%	1.5	%	1.3	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

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Additional information regarding our inpatient rehabilitation segment’s operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Percentage Change		Nine Months Ended September 30,						Percentage Change
	2018			2017			2018 vs. 2017		2018			2017			2018 vs. 2017
	(In Millions, Except Percentage Change)
Net operating revenues:
Inpatient	$	798.4		$	758.2		5.3	%	$	2,425.1		$	2,262.4		7.2	%
Outpatient and other	27.2			25.3			7.5	%	75.4			76.5			(1.4	)%
Inpatient rehabilitation segment revenues	825.6			783.5			5.4	%	2,500.5			2,338.9			6.9	%
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	423.6			403.2			5.1	%	1,264.3			1,195.7			5.7	%
Other operating expenses	124.3			117.4			5.9	%	374.1			342.1			9.4	%
Supplies	33.6			33.1			1.5	%	104.2			100.6			3.6	%
Occupancy costs	15.9			15.7			1.3	%	47.4			46.3			2.4	%
Other income	(1.8		)	(1.0		)	80.0	%	(3.5		)	(2.9		)	20.7	%
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(1.9		)	(1.9		)	—	%	(5.5		)	(5.6		)	(1.8	)%
Noncontrolling interests	19.0			16.7			13.8	%	59.3			48.6			22.0	%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	212.9		$	200.3		6.3	%	$	660.2		$	614.1		7.5	%
	(Actual Amounts)
Discharges	44,230			42,948			3.0	%	134,348			128,012			4.9	%
Net patient revenue per discharge	$	18,051		$	17,654		2.2	%	$	18,051		$	17,673		2.1	%
Outpatient visits	119,006			138,689			(14.2	)%	377,355			444,558			(15.1	)%
Average length of stay (days)	12.7			12.8			(0.8	)%	12.6			12.8			(1.6	)%
Occupancy %	68.9		%	68.2		%	1.0	%	70.0		%	68.6		%	2.0	%
# of licensed beds	8,888			8,748			1.6	%	8,888			8,748			1.6	%
Full-time equivalents*	21,119			20,740			1.8	%	21,035			20,489			2.7	%
Employees per occupied bed	3.49			3.52			(0.9	)%	3.42			3.46			(1.2	)%

* Full-time equivalents included in the above table represent our employees who participate in or support the operations of our hospitals and exclude an estimate of full-time equivalents related to contract labor.

We actively manage the productive portion of our Salaries and benefits utilizing certain metrics, including employees per occupied bed, or “EPOB.” This metric is determined by dividing the number of full-time equivalents, including an estimate of full-time equivalents from the utilization of contract labor, by the number of occupied beds during each period. The number of occupied beds is determined by multiplying the number of licensed beds by our occupancy percentage.

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Operating Expenses as a % of Net Operating Revenues

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	51.3	%	51.5	%	50.6	%	51.1	%
Other operating expenses	15.1	%	15.0	%	15.0	%	14.6	%
Supplies	4.1	%	4.2	%	4.2	%	4.3	%
Occupancy costs	1.9	%	2.0	%	1.9	%	2.0	%
Total operating expenses	72.4	%	72.7	%	71.6	%	72.0	%

Net Operating Revenues

Net operating revenues were 5.4% higher during the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017. This increase included a 3.0% increase in patient discharges and a 2.2% increase in net patient revenue per discharge. Discharge growth included a 2.0% increase in same-store discharges. Discharge growth from new stores resulted from our joint venture in Murrells Inlet, South Carolina (September 2018), as well as wholly owned hospitals in Pearland, Texas (October 2017), Shelby County, Alabama (April 2018), and Bluffton, South Carolina (June 2018 - formerly referred to as Hilton Head, South Carolina). Growth in net patient revenue per discharge primarily resulted from an increase in reimbursement rates from all payors and patient mix within non-Medicare payors.

Net operating revenues were 6.9% higher during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017. This increase included a 4.9% increase in patient discharges and a 2.1% increase in net patient revenue per discharge. Discharge growth included a 3.2% increase in same-store discharges. Discharge growth and net patient revenue per discharge for the year-to-date period of 2018 were impacted by the same factors as discussed above for the third quarter of 2018. In addition, discharge growth from new stores during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 resulted from our joint ventures in Gulfport, Mississippi (April 2017), Westerville, Ohio (April 2017), and Jackson, Tennessee (July 2017). Net patient revenue per discharge for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 also benefited from retroactive price adjustments and a year-over-year reduction in bad debt, which is now a component of revenue as a result of the new revenue recognition accounting guidance discussed in Note 1, Basis of Presentation, “Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report.

Outpatient and other revenue during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 included $4.5 million of business interruption insurance recoveries related to the 2017 hurricanes.

See Note 2, Business Combinations, to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report, and Note 2, Business Combinations, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for information regarding the joint ventures discussed above.

Adjusted EBITDA

The increase in Adjusted EBITDA during the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017 primarily resulted from revenue growth, as discussed above. Expense ratios for the three months ended September 30, 2018 were impacted by the inclusion of $4.5 million of business interruption insurance recoveries related to the 2017 hurricanes. Expense ratios for the three months ended September 30, 2017 were impacted by the inclusion of $2.5 million of hurricane-related expenses. After removing the impact of the hurricane-related items in both years, Salaries and benefits as a percent of Net operating revenues were essentially flat as labor management and productivity gains were offset by group medical cost increases and the ramping up of new stores. Other operating expenses as a percent of Net operating revenues increased primarily due to increases in contract services.

In addition to the above items that impacted Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2018, Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 benefited from retroactive price adjustments and a year-over-year reduction in bad debt, which is now a component of revenue as discussed above.

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Home Health and Hospice

Our home health and hospice segment derived its Net operating revenues from the following payor sources:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	85.0	%	85.8	%	85.4	%	85.4	%
Medicare Advantage	9.4	%	9.6	%	9.5	%	10.0	%
Managed care	3.6	%	3.9	%	3.7	%	3.8	%
Medicaid	1.7	%	0.5	%	1.1	%	0.6	%
Workers’ compensation	0.2	%	—	%	0.1	%	—	%
Patients	—	%	0.1	%	0.1	%	0.1	%
Other income	0.1	%	0.1	%	0.1	%	0.1	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

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Additional information regarding our home health and hospice segment’s operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 is as follows:

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Percentage Change		Nine Months Ended September 30,						Percentage Change
	2018			2017			2018 vs. 2017		2018			2017			2018 vs. 2017
	(In Millions, Except Percentage Change)
Net operating revenues:
Home health	$	209.2		$	180.3		16.0	%	$	599.3		$	516.1		16.1	%
Hospice	32.8			17.8			84.3	%	81.5			50.1			62.7	%
Home health and hospice segment revenues	242.0			198.1			22.2	%	680.8			566.2			20.2	%
Operating expenses:
Cost of services sold (excluding depreciation and amortization)	114.6			92.1			24.4	%	322.3			267.3			20.6	%
Support and overhead costs	82.4			68.9			19.6	%	235.2			203.4			15.6	%
Other income	—			—			N/A		(0.5		)	—			N/A
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(0.2		)	(0.2		)	—	%	(0.9		)	(0.6		)	50.0	%
Noncontrolling interests	2.0			2.5			(20.0	)%	6.4			4.6			39.1	%
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	43.2		$	34.8		24.1	%	$	118.3		$	91.5		29.3	%
	(Actual Amounts)
Home health:
Admissions	34,364			31,471			9.2	%	102,245			93,104			9.8	%
Recertifications	28,733			24,396			17.8	%	82,051			67,510			21.5	%
Episodes	61,765			53,757			14.9	%	179,661			155,118			15.8	%
Revenue per episode	$	2,995		$	3,008		(0.4	)%	$	2,966		$	2,987		(0.7	)%
Episodic visits per episode	17.6			17.7			(0.6	)%	17.7			18.1			(2.2	)%
Total visits	1,259,055			1,101,109			14.3	%	3,674,495			3,266,690			12.5	%
Cost per visit	$	77		$	76		1.3	%	$	76		$	74		2.7	%
Hospice:
Admissions	2,054			1,273			61.4	%	5,444			3,515			54.9	%
Patient days	223,834			123,491			81.3	%	559,469			345,237			62.1	%
Revenue per day	$	147		$	145		1.4	%	$	146		$	145		0.7	%

Operating Expenses as a % of Net Operating Revenues

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Operating expenses:
Cost of services sold (excluding depreciation and amortization)	47.4	%	46.5	%	47.3	%	47.2	%
Support and overhead costs	34.0	%	34.8	%	34.5	%	35.9	%
Total operating expenses	81.4	%	81.3	%	81.9	%	83.1	%

Net Operating Revenues

Home health and hospice revenue was 22.2% higher during the three months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017. This increase included a 9.2% increase in home health admissions and was impacted by a 0.4%

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decrease in average revenue per episode. Home health admission growth included a 3.8% increase in same-store admissions. Home health revenue growth was driven by volume growth, including the acquisition of Camellia which closed on May 1, 2018. Revenue per episode was impacted by Medicare reimbursement rate cuts that were partially offset by changes in patient mix. The increase in hospice revenue primarily resulted from acquisitions and same-store admission growth.

Home health and hospice revenue was 20.2% higher during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same period of 2017. This increase included a 9.8% increase in home health admissions and was impacted by a 0.7% decrease in average revenue per episode. Home health admission growth included a 5.8% increase in same-store admissions. The decrease in revenue per episode resulted from the same factors discussed above for the third quarter of 2018.

Note 2, Business Combinations, to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report for information regarding the Camellia acquisition discussed above.

Adjusted EBITDA

The increase in Adjusted EBITDA during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the same periods of 2017 primarily resulted from revenue growth, which included the acquisition of Camellia. Expense ratios were negatively impacted by Medicare reimbursement rate cuts. Cost of services as a percent of Net operating revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased primarily due to merit increases and integration of Camellia. Support and overhead costs as a percent of Net operating revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 decreased primarily due to operating leverage resulting from revenue growth.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash on hand, cash flows from operations, and borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

The objectives of our capital structure strategy are to ensure we maintain adequate liquidity and flexibility. Pursuing and achieving those objectives allow us to support the execution of our operating and strategic plans and weather temporary disruptions in the capital markets and general business environment. Maintaining adequate liquidity is a function of our unrestricted Cash and cash equivalents and our available borrowing capacity. Maintaining flexibility in our capital structure is a function of, among other things, the amount of debt maturities in any given year, the options for debt prepayments without onerous penalties, and limiting restrictive terms and maintenance covenants in our debt agreements.

We have been disciplined in creating a capital structure that is flexible with no significant debt maturities prior to 2022. We continue to have a strong, well-capitalized balance sheet, including a substantial portfolio of owned real estate, and we have significant availability under our revolving credit facility. We continue to generate strong cash flows from operations, and we have significant flexibility with how we choose to invest our cash and return capital to shareholders.

For additional information regarding our indebtedness, see Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

Current Liquidity

As of September 30, 2018, we had $56.9 million in Cash and cash equivalents. This amount excludes $64.1 million in restricted cash ($62.1 million included in Restricted cash and $2.0 million included in Other long-term assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheet) and $61.4 million of restricted marketable securities (included in Other long-term assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheet). Our restricted assets pertain primarily to obligations associated with our captive insurance company, as well as obligations we have under agreements with joint venture partners. See Note 4, Cash and Marketable Securities, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

In addition to Cash and cash equivalents, as of September 30, 2018, we had approximately $595 million available to us under our revolving credit facility. Our credit agreement governs the substantial majority of our senior secured borrowing capacity and contains a leverage ratio and an interest coverage ratio as financial covenants. Our leverage ratio is defined in our credit agreement as the ratio of consolidated total debt (less up to $100 million of cash on hand) to Adjusted EBITDA for the trailing four quarters. In calculating the leverage ratio under our credit agreement, we are permitted to use pro forma Adjusted EBITDA, the calculation of which includes historical income statement items and pro forma adjustments resulting from (1) the dispositions and repayments or incurrence of debt and (2) the investments, acquisitions, mergers, amalgamations, consolidations and operational changes from acquisitions to the extent such items or effects are not yet reflected in our trailing four-quarter financial statements. Our interest coverage ratio is defined in our credit agreement as the ratio of Adjusted EBITDA to consolidated interest expense, excluding the amortization of financing fees, for the trailing four quarters. As of

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September 30, 2018, the maximum leverage ratio requirement per our credit agreement was 4.50x and the minimum interest coverage ratio requirement was 3.0x, and we were in compliance with these covenants. Based on Adjusted EBITDA for the trailing four quarters and the interest rate in effect under our credit agreement during the three-month period ended September 30, 2018, if we had drawn on the first day and maintained the maximum amount of outstanding draws under our revolving credit facility for that entire period, we would still be in compliance with the maximum leverage ratio and minimum interest coverage ratio requirements.

We do not face near-term refinancing risk, as the amounts outstanding under our credit agreement do not mature until 2022, and our bonds all mature in 2023 and beyond. See the “Contractual Obligations” section below for information related to our contractual obligations as of September 30, 2018.

We acquired a significant portion of our home health and hospice business when we purchased EHHI Holdings, Inc (“EHHI”) on December 31, 2014. In the acquisition, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of EHHI, other than equity interests contributed to Encompass Health Home Health Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”), a subsidiary of Encompass Health and an indirect parent of EHHI, by certain sellers in exchange for shares of common stock of Holdings. Those sellers were members of EHHI management, and they contributed a portion of their shares of common stock of EHHI, valued at approximately $64 million on the acquisition date, in exchange for approximately 16.7% of the outstanding shares of common stock of Holdings. At any time after December 31, 2017, each management investor has the right (but not the obligation) to have his or her shares of Holdings stock repurchased by Encompass Health for a cash purchase price per share equal to the fair value. Specifically, up to one-third of each management investor’s shares of Holdings stock may be sold prior to December 31, 2018; two-thirds of each management investor’s shares of Holdings stock may be sold prior to December 31, 2019; and all of each management investor’s shares of Holdings stock may be sold thereafter. At any time after December 31, 2019, Encompass Health will have the right (but not the obligation) to repurchase all or any portion of the shares of Holdings stock owned by one or more management investors for a cash purchase price per share equal to the fair value. The fair value is determined using the product of the trailing twelve-month adjusted EBITDA measure for Holdings and a specified median market price multiple based on a basket of public home health companies and transactions, after adding cash and deducting indebtedness that includes the outstanding principal balance under any intercompany notes. In February 2018, each management investor exercised the right to sell one-third of his or her shares of Holdings stock to Encompass Health, representing approximately 5.6% of the outstanding shares of the common stock of Holdings. On February 21, 2018, Encompass Health settled the acquisition of those shares upon payment of approximately $65 million in cash. As of September 30, 2018, the fair value of those outstanding shares of Holdings owned by management investors is approximately $208 million. See Note 5, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests, to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report.

In conjunction with the EHHI acquisition, we granted stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) based on Holdings common stock to certain members of EHHI management at closing. Half of the SARs will vest on December 31, 2018 with the remainder vesting on December 31, 2019. Upon exercise, each SAR must be settled for cash in the amount by which the per share fair value of Holdings’ common stock on the exercise date exceeds the per share fair value on the grant date. As of September 30, 2018, the fair value of the SARs is approximately $75 million, of which approximately $42 millionis included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and approximately $33 million is included in Other long-term liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheet included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report. See also Note 13, Share-Based Payments, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10‑K.

We anticipate we will continue to generate strong cash flows from operations that, together with availability under our revolving credit facility, will allow us to invest in growth opportunities and continue to improve our existing business. We also will continue to consider additional shareholder value-enhancing strategies such as repurchases of our common stock and distribution of common stock dividends, including the potential growth of the quarterly cash dividend on our common stock, recognizing that these actions may increase our leverage ratio. See also the “Authorizations for Returning Capital to Stakeholders” section of this Item.

For a discussion of risks and uncertainties facing us see Item 1A, Risk Factors under Part II, Other Information, of this report and Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the 2017 Form 10-K.

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Sources and Uses of Cash

The following table shows the cash flows provided by or used in operating, investing, and financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	584.0		$	506.9
Net cash used in investing activities	(326.3		)	(199.3		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(253.5		)	(270.6		)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	4.2		$	37.0

Operating activities.The increase inNet cash provided by operating activitiesfor theninemonths endedSeptember 30, 2018compared to the same period of2017primarily resulted from revenue growth, as described above, and improved collection of accounts receivable as a result of fewer claims denials.

Investing activities. The increase inNet cash used in investing activitiesduring theninemonths endedSeptember 30, 2018compared to the same period of2017primarily resulted from the acquisition of Camellia Healthcare described in Note 2, Business Combinations, to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report.

Financing activities. The decrease inNet cash used in financing activitiesduring theninemonths endedSeptember 30, 2018compared to the same period of2017 primarily resulted from the decrease in cash used for principal payments on net debt and repurchases of common stock offset by our purchase of one-third of the equity interests held by the home health and hospice management team during the first quarter of 2018.

Contractual Obligations

Our consolidated contractual obligations as of September 30, 2018 are as follows (in millions):

	Total		October 1 through December 31, 2018		2019 - 2020		2021 - 2022		2023 and thereafter
Long-term debt obligations:
Long-term debt, excluding revolving credit facility and capital lease obligations (a)	$	2,211.5	$	4.0	$	39.4	$	263.4	$	1,904.7
Revolving credit facility	65.0		—		—		65.0		—
Interest on long-term debt (b)	762.2		31.3		249.2		243.1		238.6
Capital lease obligations (c)	460.8		9.2		66.1		57.8		327.7
Operating lease obligations (d)(e)	387.8		17.8		124.2		77.6		168.2
Purchase obligations (e)(f)	84.1		11.5		43.5		17.0		12.1
Other long-term liabilities (g)(h)	3.4		0.1		0.4		0.4		2.5
Total	$	3,974.8	$	73.9	$	522.8	$	724.3	$	2,653.8

^(a)  Included in long-term debt are amounts owed on our bonds payable and other notes payable. These borrowings are further explained in Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

^(b)  Interest on our fixed rate debt is presented using the stated interest rate. Interest expense on our variable rate debt is estimated using the rate in effect as of September 30, 2018. Interest pertaining to our credit agreement and bonds is included to their respective ultimate maturity dates. Interest related to capital lease obligations is excluded from this line. Future minimum payments, which are accounted for as interest, related to sale/leaseback transactions involving real estate accounted for as financings are included in this line (see Note 6, Property and Equipment, and Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K). Amounts exclude

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amortization of debt discounts, amortization of loan fees, or fees for lines of credit that would be included in interest expense in our consolidated statements of operations.

^(c)  Amounts include interest portion of future minimum capital lease payments.

^(d)  Our inpatient rehabilitation segment leases approximately 16% of its hospitals as well as other property and equipment under operating leases in the normal course of business. Our home health and hospice segment leases relatively small office spaces in the localities it serves, space for its corporate office, and other equipment under operating leases in the normal course of business. Some of our hospital leases contain escalation clauses based on changes in the Consumer Price Index while others have fixed escalation terms. The minimum lease payments do not include contingent rental expense. Some lease agreements provide us with the option to renew the lease or purchase the leased property. Our future operating lease obligations would change if we exercised these renewal options and if we entered into additional operating lease agreements. For more information, see Note 6, Property and Equipment, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

^(e)  Future operating lease obligations and purchase obligations are not recognized in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

^(f)  Purchase obligations include agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable and legally binding on Encompass Health and that specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum, or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction. Purchase obligations exclude agreements that are cancelable without penalty. Our purchase obligations primarily relate to software licensing and support.

^(g)  Because their future cash outflows are uncertain, the following noncurrent liabilities are excluded from the table above: general liability, professional liability, and workers' compensation risks, noncurrent amounts related to third-party billing audits, stock appreciation rights, and deferred income taxes. Also, as of September 30, 2018, we had $0.9 million of total gross unrecognized tax benefits. For more information, see Note 10, Self-Insured Risks, Note 13, Share-Based Payments, Note 15, Income Taxes, and Note 17, Contingencies and Other Commitments, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K and Note 8, Income Taxes, to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report.

^(h)  The table above does not include Redeemable noncontrolling interests of $236.5 million because of the uncertainty surrounding the timing and amounts of any related cash outflows.

Our capital expenditures include costs associated with our hospital refresh program, de novo projects, capacity expansions, technology initiatives, and building and equipment upgrades and purchases. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we made capital expenditures of approximately $189 million for property and equipment and capitalized software. During 2018, we expect to spend approximately $285 million to $350 million for capital expenditures. Approximately $135 million to $150 million of this budgeted amount is considered nondiscretionary expenditures, which we may refer to in other filings as “maintenance” expenditures. In addition, we expect to spend approximately $145 million to $155 million on home health and hospice acquisitions during 2018 inclusive of the Camellia acquisition discussed in the “Executive Overview” section of this Item. Actual amounts spent will be dependent upon the timing of construction projects and acquisition opportunities for our home health and hospice business.

Authorizations for Returning Capital to Stakeholders

In October 2017, February 2018, and May 2018, our board of directors declared cash dividends of $0.25 per share that were paid in January 2018, April 2018, and July 2018, respectively. On July 24, 2018, our board of directors approved an increase in our quarterly dividend and declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share that was paid on October 15, 2018. On October 26, 2018, our board declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share, payable on January 15, 2019 to stockholders of record on January 2, 2019. We expect quarterly dividends to be paid in January, April, July, and October. However, the actual declaration of any future cash dividends, and the setting of record and payment dates as well as the per share amounts, will be at the discretion of our board of directors after consideration of various factors, including our capital position and alternative uses of funds. Cash dividends are expected to be funded using cash flows from operations, cash on hand, and availability under our revolving credit facility.

On February 14, 2014, our board of directors approved an increase in our existing common stock repurchase authorization from $200 million to $250 million. On July 24, 2018, our board approved resetting the aggregate common stock repurchase authorization to $250 million. As of September 30, 2018, $250 million remained under this authorization. The

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repurchase authorization does not require the repurchase of a specific number of shares, has an indefinite term, and is subject to termination at any time by our board of directors. Subject to certain terms and conditions, including a maximum price per share and compliance with federal and state securities and other laws, the repurchases may be made from time to time in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, or other transactions, including trades under a plan established in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Future repurchases under this authorization generally are expected to be funded using a combination of cash on hand and availability under our $700 million revolving credit facility.

Adjusted EBITDA

Management believes Adjusted EBITDA as defined in our credit agreement is a measure of our ability to service our debt and our ability to make capital expenditures. We reconcile Adjusted EBITDA to Net income and to Net cash provided by operating activities.

We use Adjusted EBITDA on a consolidated basis as a liquidity measure. We believe this financial measure on a consolidated basis is important in analyzing our liquidity because it is the key component of certain material covenants contained within our credit agreement, which is discussed in more detail in Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K. These covenants are material terms of the credit agreement. Noncompliance with these financial covenants under our credit agreement—our interest coverage ratio and our leverage ratio—could result in our lenders requiring us to immediately repay all amounts borrowed. If we anticipated a potential covenant violation, we would seek relief from our lenders, which would have some cost to us, and such relief might be on terms less favorable to us than those in our existing credit agreement. In addition, if we cannot satisfy these financial covenants, we would be prohibited under our credit agreement from engaging in certain activities, such as incurring additional indebtedness, paying common stock dividends, making certain payments, and acquiring and disposing of assets. Consequently, Adjusted EBITDA is critical to our assessment of our liquidity.

In general terms, the credit agreement definition of Adjusted EBITDA, therein referred to as “Adjusted Consolidated EBITDA,” allows us to add back to consolidated Net income interest expense, income taxes, and depreciation and amortization and then add back to consolidated Net income (1) all unusual or nonrecurring items reducing consolidated Net income (of which only up to $10 million in a year may be cash expenditures), (2) any losses from discontinued operations and closed locations, (3) costs and expenses, including legal fees and expert witness fees, incurred with respect to litigation associated with stockholder derivative litigation, (4) share-based compensation expense, and (5) cost and expenses in connection with the Encompass Health rebranding. We also subtract from consolidated Net income all unusual or nonrecurring items to the extent they increase consolidated Net income.

Under the credit agreement, the Adjusted EBITDA calculation does not include net income attributable to noncontrolling interests and includes (1) gain or loss on disposal of assets and hedging and equity instruments, (2) professional fees unrelated to the stockholder derivative litigation, (3) unusual or nonrecurring cash expenditures in excess of $10 million, and (4) pro forma adjustments resulting from debt transactions and development activities. Items falling within the credit agreement’s “unusual or nonrecurring” classification may occur in future periods, but these items and amounts recognized can vary significantly from period to period and may not directly relate to our ongoing operating performance. Accordingly, these items may not be indicative of our ongoing performance, so the Adjusted EBITDA calculation presented here includes adjustments for them.

Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of financial performance under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, and the items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA are significant components in understanding and assessing financial performance. Therefore, Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered a substitute for Net income or cash flows from operating, investing, or financing activities. Because Adjusted EBITDA is not a measurement determined in accordance with GAAP and is thus susceptible to varying calculations, Adjusted EBITDA, as presented, may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies. Revenues and expenses are measured in accordance with the policies and procedures described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

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Our Adjusted EBITDA for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was as follows (in millions):

Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net income	$	109.3		$	85.1		$	327.7		$	248.9
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, attributable to Encompass Health	0.1			0.1			0.4			0.2
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Provision for income tax expense	30.2			43.1			89.5			111.4
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	37.3			36.8			110.6			118.5
Net noncash loss on disposal of assets	(1.0		)	3.0			2.2			3.3
Depreciation and amortization	51.2			46.2			146.8			137.2
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			0.3			—			10.7
Stock-based compensation expense	18.1			9.2			65.6			37.9
Transaction costs	—			—			1.0			—
SARs mark-to-market impact on noncontrolling interests	(0.3		)	—			(2.2		)	—
Change in fair market value of equity securities	0.1			—			1.1			—
Adjusted EBITDA	$	224.3		$	204.6		$	679.2		$	614.9

Reconciliation of Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities to Adjusted EBITDA

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	584.0		$	506.9
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	110.6			118.5
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	6.4			6.2
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in continuing operations	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Amortization of debt-related items	(3.0		)	(7.7		)
Distributions from nonconsolidated affiliates	(5.5		)	(6.6		)
Current portion of income tax expense	97.5			60.1
Change in assets and liabilities	(47.1		)	(11.2		)
Cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations	0.7			0.7
Transaction costs	1.0			—
SARs mark-to-market impact on noncontrolling interests	(2.2		)	—
Change in fair market value of equity securities	1.1			—
Other	(0.8		)	1.2
Adjusted EBITDA	$	679.2		$	614.9

Growth in Adjusted EBITDA in 2018 compared to 2017 resulted primarily from revenue growth. For additional information see the “Results of Operations” and “Segment Results of Operations” sections of this Item.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K. Of those significant accounting policies, those that we consider to be the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results, as they require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of

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matters that are inherently uncertain, are disclosed in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, “Critical Accounting Estimates,” to the 2017 Form 10-K.

Since the filing of the 2017 Form 10-K, there have been no material changes to our critical accounting estimates except as described below to “Net Operating Revenues.”

Revenue Recognition

We recognize net operating revenue in the reporting period in which we perform the service based on our best estimate of the transaction price for the type of service provided to the patient. Our estimate of the transaction price includes estimates of price concessions for such items as contractual allowances (principally for patients covered by Medicare, Medicare Advantage, Medicaid, and other third-party payors), potential adjustments that may arise from payment and other reviews, and uncollectible amounts. See Note 1, Basis of Presentation, “Net Operating Revenues,” to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report for a complete discussion of our revenue recognition policies.

Our patient accounting systems calculate contractual allowances on a patient-by-patient basis based on the rates in effect for each primary third-party payor. Certain other factors that are considered and could influence the estimated transaction price are assumed to remain consistent with the experience for patients discharged in similar time periods for the same payor classes, and additional adjustments are provided to account for these factors.

Management continually reviews the revenue transaction price estimation process to consider and incorporate updates to laws and regulations and the frequent changes in managed care contractual terms that result from contract renegotiations and renewals. In addition, laws and regulations governing the Medicare and Medicaid programs are complex and subject to interpretation. If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material.

Due to complexities involved in determining amounts ultimately due under reimbursement arrangements with third-party payors, which are often subject to interpretation and review, we may receive reimbursement for healthcare services authorized and provided that is different from our estimates, and such differences could be material. However, we continually review the amounts actually collected in subsequent periods in order to determine the amounts by which our estimates differed. Historically, such differences have not been material from either a quantitative or qualitative perspective.

The collection of outstanding receivables from third-party payors and patients is our primary source of cash and is critical to our operating performance. Our primary collection risks relate to patient responsibility amounts and claims reviews conducted by MACs or other contractors.

Changes in general economic conditions (such as increased unemployment rates or periods of recession), business office operations, payor mix, or trends in federal or state governmental and private employer healthcare coverage could affect our collection of accounts receivable. Our collection risks include patient accounts for which the primary insurance carrier has paid the amounts covered by the applicable agreement, but patient responsibility amounts (deductibles and co-payments) remain outstanding and pre-payment claim reviews by our respective MACs. In addition, reimbursement claims made by health care providers are subject to audit from time to time by governmental payors and their agents. If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material. See Note 1, Basis or Presentation, “Net Operating Revenues” and “Accounts Receivable,” to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For information regarding recent accounting pronouncements, see Note 1, Basis of Presentation, to our condensed consolidated financial statements included under Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Our primary exposure to market risk is to changes in interest rates on our variable rate long-term debt. We use sensitivity analysis models to evaluate the impact of interest rate changes on our variable rate debt. As of September 30, 2018, our primary variable rate debt outstanding related to $65.0 million in advances under our revolving credit facility and $283.7 million outstanding under our term loan facilities. Assuming outstanding balances were to remain the same, a 1% increase in interest rates would result in an incremental negative cash flow of approximately $3.1 million over the next 12 months, while a 1% decrease in interest rates would result in an incremental positive cash flow of approximately $3.1 million over the next 12 months.

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See Note 6, Fair Value Measurements, to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report, and Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for additional information regarding our long-term debt.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was carried out by our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on our evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our Internal Control over Financial Reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2018 that have a material effect on our Internal Control over Financial Reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Information relating to certain legal proceedings in which we are involved is included in Note 10, Contingencies and Other Commitments, to the condensed consolidated financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited), of this report and is incorporated herein by reference and should be read in conjunction with the related disclosure previously reported in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 and our Annual Report on Form 10‑K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (the “2017 Form 10-K”).

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the 2017 Form 10-K. Certain information in those risk factors has been updated by the discussion in the “Executive Overview—Key Challenges” section of Part I, Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of this report, which section is incorporated by reference herein.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table summarizes our repurchases of equity securities during the three months ended September 30, 2018:

Period	Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased(1)	Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit) ($)		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(2)
July 1 through July 31, 2018	662	$	68.74	—	$	250,000,000
August 1 through August 31, 2018	—	—		—	250,000,000
September 1 through September 30, 2018	—	—		—	250,000,000
Total	662	68.74		—

⁽¹⁾  In July, 662 shares were purchased pursuant to our Directors’ Deferred Stock Investment Plan. This plan is a nonqualified deferral plan allowing non-employee directors to make advance elections to defer a fixed percentage of their director fees. The plan administrator acquires the shares in the open market which are then held in a rabbi trust. The plan also provides that dividends paid on the shares held for the accounts of the directors will be reinvested in shares of our common stock which will also be held in the trust. The directors’ rights to all shares in the trust are nonforfeitable, but the shares are only released to the directors after departure from our board.

⁽²⁾  On October 28, 2013, we announced our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $200 million of our common stock. On February 14, 2014, our board approved an increase in this common stock repurchase authorization from $200 million to $250 million. On July 24, 2018, our board approved resetting the aggregate common stock repurchase authorization to $250 million. The repurchase authorization does not require the repurchase of a specific number of shares, has an indefinite term, and is subject to termination at any time by our board of directors. Subject to certain terms and conditions, including a maximum price per share and compliance with federal and state securities and other laws, the repurchases may be made from time to time in open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, or other transactions, including trades under a plan established in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Dividends

We paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.23 per share on our common stock on January 15, April 15, and July 15 of 2016. On July 21, 2016, our board of directors approved an increase in our quarterly dividend and declared a cash dividend of $0.24 per share that was paid on October 17, 2016, and we paid the same per share quarterly dividend through July 17, 2017. On July 20, 2017, our board approved an increase in our quarterly dividend and declared a cash dividend of $0.25 per share that

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was paid on October 16, 2017, and we paid the same per share quarterly dividend through July 16, 2018. On July 24, 2018, our board approved an increase in our quarterly dividend and declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share that was paid on October 15, 2018. On October 26, 2018, our board declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share, payable on January 15, 2019 to stockholders of record on January 2, 2019. We expect quarterly dividends to continue to be paid in January, April, July, and October. However, the actual declaration of any future cash dividends, and the setting of record and payment dates as well as the per share amounts, will be at the discretion of our board each quarter after consideration of various factors, including our capital position and alternative uses of funds.

The terms of our credit agreement allow us to declare and pay cash dividends on our common stock so long as: (1) we are not in default under our credit agreement and (2) our senior secured leverage ratio remains less than or equal to 2x. The terms of our senior note indenture allow us to declare and pay cash dividends on our common stock so long as (1) we are not in default, (2) the consolidated coverage ratio (as defined in the indenture) exceeds 2x or we are otherwise allowed under the indenture to incur debt, and (3) we have capacity under the indenture’s restricted payments covenant to declare and pay dividends. We believe we currently have adequate capacity under these covenants to pursue the dividend strategy described in this report for the foreseeable future based on the capacity as of the date of this report and anticipated restricted payments. See Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

Item 6. Exhibits

See the Exhibit Index immediately following the signature page of this report.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

ENCOMPASS HEALTH CORPORATION
By:	/s/ Douglas E. Coltharp
	Douglas E. Coltharp
	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date:	October 31, 2018

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EXHIBIT INDEX

The exhibits required by Regulation S-K are set forth in the following list and are filed by attachment to this report unless otherwise noted.

No.	Description
3.1.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Encompass Health Corporation, effective as of January 1, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Encompass Health’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 25, 2017).
3.1.2	Certificate of Designations of 6.50% Series A Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on March 7, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Encompass Health’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 9, 2006).
3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of Encompass Health Corporation, effective as of January 1, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Encompass Health’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 25, 2017).
10.1	Encompass Health Corporation Fourth Amended and Restated Change in Control Benefits Plan.+
10.2	Encompass Health Corporation Fifth Amended and Restated Executive Severance Plan.+
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer required by Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101	Sections of the Encompass Health Corporation Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language), submitted in the following files:
	101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
	101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
	101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
	101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
	101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
	101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

+ Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

ENCOMPASS HEALTH CORPORATION

FOURTH AMENDED AND RESTATED

CHANGE IN CONTROL

BENEFITS PLAN

Encompass Health Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), has adopted the Encompass Health Corporation Fourth Amended and Restated Change in Control Benefits Plan (the “Plan”) for the benefit of certain Participant employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, on the terms and conditions hereinafter stated. The Plan is intended to help retain qualified employees, maintain a stable work environment and provide financial security to certain Participant employees of the Company in the event of a Change in Control. The Plan is intended to be a plan that “is unfunded and is maintained by an employer primarily for the purpose of providing deferred compensation for a select group of management or highly compensated employees” within the meaning of Sections 201(2), 301(a)(3) and 401(a)(1) of ERISA. Conversely, to the maximum extent permitted by law, the Plan is not intended to provide for any “deferral of compensation,” as defined in Section 409A of the Code (“Section 409A”) and authoritative Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder (including the Proposed Treasury Regulations issued June 22, 2016, to the extent the application of such proposed regulations facilitates the administration of this Plan in accordance with the intentions set forth in this paragraph). Instead, payments and benefits under the Plan are intended to fall within the exceptions for “short-term deferrals,” as set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(b)(4), and “separation pay due to involuntary separation from service or participation in a window program,” as set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(b)(9)(iii) and it is further intended that each Participant’s benefits shall be payable only upon a Participant’s “separation from service” under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(h). For purposes of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-2(b)(2)(iii), the right to each payment under the Plan shall be treated as the right to a separate payment. The Plan shall be administered and interpreted to the extent possible in a manner consistent with these intentions.

ARTICLE I

DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS

Section 1.01    Definitions. Capitalized terms used in the Plan shall have the following respective meanings, except as otherwise provided or as the context shall otherwise require:

“Annual Salary” shall mean the base salary paid to a Participant immediately prior to his or her Termination Date on an annual basis exclusive of any bonus payments or additional payments under any Benefit Plan.

“Award” means any grant or award of Options, Stock Appreciation Rights or any other right or interest relating to Common Stock or cash, granted to a Participant pursuant to an equity compensation plan of the Company.

“Benefit Plan” shall mean any “employee benefit plan” (including any employee benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA), program, arrangement or practice maintained, sponsored or provided by the Company, including those relating to compensation, bonuses, profit sharing, stock option, or other stock-related rights or other forms of incentive or deferred compensation, paid time-off benefits, insurance coverage (including any self-insured arrangements) health or medical benefits, Disability benefits,

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workers’ compensation, supplemental unemployment benefits, severance benefits and post employment or retirement benefits (including: compensation, pension, health, medical or life insurance, or other benefits).

“Board” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company.

“Cause” shall have the meaning set forth in any individual employment, severance or similar agreement between the Company and a Participant, or in the event that a Participant is not a party to such an agreement, Cause shall mean:

(i)    the Company’s procurement of evidence of the Participant’s act of fraud, misappropriation, or embezzlement with respect to the Company;

(ii)    the Participant’s indictment for, conviction of, or plea of guilty or no contest to, any felony (other than a minor traffic violation);

(iii)    the suspension or debarment of the Participant or of the Company or any of its affiliated companies or entities as a direct result of any willful or grossly negligent act or omission of the Participant in connection with his or her employment with the Company from participation in any Federal or state health care program. For purposes of this clause (iii), the Participant shall not have acted in a “willful” manner if the Participant acted, or failed to act, in a manner that he or she believed in good faith to be in, or not opposed to the best interests of the Company;

(iv)    the Participant’s admission of liability of, or finding by a court or the SEC (or a similar agency of any applicable state) of liability for, the violation of any “Securities Laws” (as hereinafter defined) (excluding any technical violations of the securities laws which are not criminal in nature). As used herein, the term “securities laws” means any federal or state law, rule or regulation governing the issuance or exchange of securities, including, without limitation, the Securities Act and the Exchange Act;

(v)    a formal indication from any agency or instrumentality of any state or the United States of America, including, but not limited to, the United States Department of Justice, the SEC or any committee of the United States Congress that the Participant is a target or the subject of any investigation or proceeding into the actions or inactions of the Participant for a violation of any Securities Laws in connection with his or her employment by the Company (excluding any technical violations of the securities law which are not criminal in nature);

(vi)    the Participant’s failure after reasonable prior written notice from the Company to comply with any valid and legal directive of the Chief Executive Officer or the Board that is not remedied within thirty (30) days of the Participant being provided written notice thereof from the Company; or

(vii)    other than as provided in clauses (i) through (vi) above, the Participant’s breach of any material provision of any employment agreement, if applicable, or the Participant’s breach of the material duties of the Participant’s job that is not remedied within thirty (30) days or repeated breaches of a similar nature, such as the failure to report to work, perform duties, or follow directions, all as provided herein, which shall not require additional notices as provided in clauses (i) through (vi) above.

Cause shall be determined by the affirmative vote of at least fifty percent (50%) of the members of the Board (excluding the Participant, if a Board member, and excluding any member of the Board involved in events leading to the Board’s consideration of terminating the Participant for Cause).

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“Change in Control” shall mean

(i)    the acquisition (other than from the Company) by any person, entity or “group” (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act, but excluding, for this purpose, the Company or its subsidiaries, or any employee benefit plan of the Company or its subsidiaries which acquires beneficial ownership of voting securities of the Company) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of thirty percent (30%) or more of either the then-outstanding shares of Common Stock or the combined voting power of the Company’s then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors; or

(ii)    during any period of up to twenty-four (24) consecutive months, individuals who at the beginning of such period constituted the Board (together with any new directors whose election by the Board or whose nomination for election by the stockholders of the Company was approved by a vote of a majority of the directors of the Company then still in office who were either directors at the beginning of such period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved) cease to constitute at least a majority of the Board; or

(iii)    the Company is liquidated or dissolved or adopts a plan of liquidation or dissolution; or

(iv)    the merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another person or the merger of another person with or into the Company, or the sale of all or substantially all the assets of the Company (determined on a consolidated basis) to another person, other than a transaction following which (A) in the case of a merger or consolidation transaction, holders of securities that represented one hundred percent (100%) of the combined voting power entitled to vote generally in the election of directors of the Company immediately prior to such transaction (or other securities into which such securities are converted as part of such merger or consolidation transaction) own directly or indirectly at least a majority of the combined voting power entitled to vote generally in the election of directors of the surviving person in such transaction immediately after such transaction and (B) in the case of a sale of assets, each transferee is owned by holders of securities that represented at least a majority of the combined voting power entitled to vote generally in the election of directors of the Company immediately prior to such sale.

“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Reference in the Plan to any Section of the Code shall be deemed to include any amendments or successor provisions to such Section and any regulations under such Section.

“Common Stock” shall mean $.01 par value common stock of the Company, and such other securities of the Company as may be substituted for Common Stock.

“Compensation Committee” shall mean the Compensation Committee of the Board.

“Disability” shall mean a physical or mental condition which is expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve (12) months and which renders the Participant incapable of performing the work for which he or she is employed or similar work, as evidenced by eligibility for and actual receipt of benefits payable under a group Disability plan or policy maintained by the Company or any of its subsidiaries that is by its terms applicable to the Participant.

“ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

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“Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Fair Market Value” means (i) as of any given date, the closing price at which the shares of Common Stock were traded (or if no transactions were reported on such date on the next preceding date on which transactions were reported) on the New York Stock Exchange on such date, or, if different, the principal exchange or automated quotation system on which such stock is traded, or (ii) should the Compensation Committee elect, the average closing price over a pre-established series of such trading days preceding or following such given date.

“Good Reason” shall mean, when used with reference to any Participant, any of the following actions or failures to act, but in each case only if it occurs while such Participant is employed by the Company and then only if it is not consented to by such Participant in writing:

(i)    assignment of a position that is of a lesser rank than held by the Participant prior to the assignment and that results in a material adverse change in such Participant’s reporting position, duties or responsibilities or title or elected or appointed offices as in effect immediately prior to the effective date of such change, or in the case of a Tier 1 or Tier 2 Participant who was immediately prior to the Change in Control an executive officer of the Company, such Participant ceasing to be an executive officer of a company with securities registered under the Exchange Act;

(ii)    a material reduction in such Participant’s total compensation from that in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control. For purposes of this clause (ii), “total compensation” shall mean the sum of base salary, target bonus opportunity and the opportunity to receive compensation in the form of equity in the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a reduction will not be deemed to have occurred hereunder on account of (A) any change to a plan term other than ultimate target bonus opportunity or equity opportunity, (B) the actual payout of any bonus amount or equity amount, (C) any reduction resulting from changes in the market value of securities or other instruments paid or payable to the Participant, or (D) any reduction in the total compensation of a group of similarly situated Participants that includes such Participant; or

(iii)    any change in a Participant’s status as a Tier 1 Participant, Tier 2 Participant or Tier 3 Participant to a status that provides a lower benefit hereunder in the event of a Change in Control if such change in status occurs during the period beginning six (6) months prior to a Change in Control and ending twenty-four (24) months after a Change in Control; or

(iv)    any change of more than fifty (50) miles in the location of the principal place of employment of such Participant immediately prior to the effective date of such change.

For purposes of this definition, none of the actions described in clauses (i) through (iv) above shall constitute “Good Reason” if taken for Cause. Additionally, none of the actions described in clauses (i) through (iv) above shall constitute “Good Reason” with respect to any Participant if remedied by the Company within thirty (30) days after receipt of written notice thereof given by such Participant (or, if the matter is not capable of remedy within thirty (30) days, then within a reasonable period of time following such thirty (30) day period, provided that the Company has commenced such remedy within said thirty (30) day period); provided that “Good Reason” shall cease to exist for any action described in clauses (i) through (iv) above on the sixtieth (60^th) day following the later of the occurrence of such action or the Participant’s knowledge thereof, unless such Participant has given the Company written notice thereof prior to such date. Furthermore, any benefits under the Plan resulting

4

from the occurrence described in clause (iii) above shall be based on the status of the Participant as set forth on Schedule I hereto as of the date of such occurrence.

“Option” means a right granted pursuant to an equity compensation plan of the Company to purchase Common Stock at a specified price during specified time periods.

“Participant” shall mean an employee of the Company who is included on Schedule I hereto, as that schedule may be amended in accordance with Section 2.01.

“Plan” shall mean this Encompass Health Corporation Change in Control Benefits Plan, as amended, restated, supplemented or modified from time to time in accordance with its terms.

“Potential Change in Control” shall be deemed to have occurred if the event set forth in any one of the following paragraphs shall have occurred:

(i)    the Company enters into an agreement, the consummation of which would result in the occurrence of a Change in Control; or

(ii)    the Company or any person, entity or “group” (within the meaning of Sections 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act, but excluding, for this purpose, the Company or its subsidiaries, or any employee benefit plan of the Company or its subsidiaries which acquires beneficial ownership of voting securities of the Company) publicly announces an intention to take or to consider taking actions which, if consummated, would constitute a Change in Control; or

(iii)    the acquisition (other than from the Company) by any person, entity or “group” (within the meaning of Sections 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Exchange Act, but excluding, for this purpose, the Company or its subsidiaries, or any employee benefit plan of the Company or its subsidiaries which acquires beneficial ownership of voting securities of the Company) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of fifteen (15%) or more of either the then-outstanding shares of Common Stock or the combined voting power of the Company’s then-outstanding voting securities entitled to vote generally in the election of Directors; or

(iv)    the Board adopts a resolution to the effect that a Potential Change in Control has occurred;

provided, however, that no Potential Change in Control shall be deemed pending for purposes of the Plan if such event or condition is no longer in effect or existence or is otherwise rescinded or terminated (by means of a public filing or announcement in the case of clause (ii) above).

“Pro-rated Portion” shall mean a fraction (i) whose numerator is the number of months elapsed from the beginning of any not yet completed performance period applicable to any cash incentive award or plan through the effective date of termination of a Participant’s employment in the circumstances described in Section 3.01 below, and (ii) whose denominator is the total number of months in such performance period under the applicable cash incentive award or plan. For purposes of this definition, the months elapsed will include the month in which the effective date of termination occurs if such date is the 16^th, or a subsequent, day of that month.

“Stock Appreciation Right” or “SAR” means a right granted to a Participant pursuant to an equity compensation plan of the Company to receive a payment equal to the difference between the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock as of the date of exercise of the SAR over the grant price of the SAR.

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“SEC” shall mean the United States Securities Exchange Commission.

“Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Successor” shall mean a successor to all or substantially all of the business, operations or assets of the Company.

“Termination Date” shall mean, with respect to any Participant, the termination date specified in the Termination Notice delivered by such Participant to the Company in accordance with Section 2.02 or as set forth in any Termination Notice delivered by the Company, or as applicable, the Participant’s date of death.

“Termination Notice” shall mean, as appropriate, written notice from (a) a Participant to the Company purporting to terminate such Participant’s employment for Good Reason in accordance with Section 2.02 or (b) the Company to any Participant purporting to terminate such Participant’s employment for Cause or Disability in accordance with Section 2.03.

“Tier 1 Participant” shall mean each Participant designated in Schedule I hereto as a Tier 1 Participant, as that schedule may be amended in accordance with Section 2.01.

“Tier 2 Participant” shall mean each Participant designated in Schedule I hereto as a Tier 2 Participant, as that schedule may be amended in accordance with Section 2.01.

“Tier 3 Participant” shall mean each Participant designated in Schedule I hereto as a Tier 3 Participant, as that schedule may be amended in accordance with Section 2.01.

Section 1.02    Interpretation. In the Plan, unless a clear contrary intention appears, (a) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” refer to the Plan as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision, (b) reference to any Article or Section, means such Article or Section hereof and (c) the words “including” (and with correlative meaning “include”) means including, without limiting the generality of any description preceding such term. The Article and Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

ARTICLE II

ELIGIBILITY AND BENEFITS

Section 2.01    Eligible Employees.

(a)    An employee of the Company shall be a “Participant” in the Plan during each calendar year (or partial calendar year) for which he or she has been designated as a Participant (and in the Tier so designated) by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and for each succeeding calendar year he or she is employed in such position, unless the Participant is given written notice by December 31 of the preceding year of the determination of the Chief Executive Officer or the Board that such Participant shall cease to be a Participant or shall participate in a different Tier for such succeeding calendar year. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any Participant may not be removed from the Plan, nor placed in a lower tier (with Tier 1 being the highest Tier and Tier 3 being the lowest Tier), during the pendency of a Potential Change in Control or within two years following a Change in Control.

(b)    The Plan is only for the benefit of Participants, and no other employees, personnel, consultants or independent contractors shall be eligible to participate in the Plan or to receive any rights or benefits hereunder.

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Section 2.02    Termination Notices from Participants. For purposes of the Plan, in order for any Participant to terminate his or her employment for Good Reason, such Participant must give a Termination Notice to the Company in accordance with the requirements specified under the definition of Good Reason in Section 1.01, which notice shall be signed by such Participant, shall be dated the date it is given to the Company, shall specify the Termination Date and shall state that the termination is for Good Reason and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for such Good Reason. Any Termination Notice given by a Participant that does not comply in all material respects with the foregoing requirements as well as the “Good Reason” definition provisions set forth in Section 1.01 shall be invalid and ineffective for purposes of the Plan. If the Company receives from any Participant a Termination Notice that states the termination is for Good Reason and which the Company believes is invalid and ineffective as aforesaid, it shall promptly notify such Participant of such belief and the reasons therefor. Any termination of employment by the Participant that either does not constitute Good Reason or fails to meet the Termination Notice requirements set forth above shall be deemed a termination by the Participant without Good Reason.

Section 2.03    Termination Notices from Company. For purposes of the Plan, in order for the Company to terminate any Participant’s employment for Cause, the Company must give a Termination Notice to such Participant, which notice shall be dated the date it is given to such Participant, shall specify the Termination Date and shall state that the termination is for Cause and shall set forth in reasonable detail the particulars thereof. For purposes of the Plan, in order for the Company to terminate any Participant’s employment for Disability, the Company must give a Termination Notice to such Participant, which notice shall be dated the date it is given to such Participant, shall specify the Termination Date and shall state that the termination is for Disability and shall set forth in reasonable detail the particulars thereof. Any Termination Notice given by the Company that does not comply, in all material respects, with the foregoing requirements shall be invalid and ineffective for purposes of the Plan. Any Termination Notice purported to be given by the Company to any Participant after the death or retirement of such Participant shall be invalid and ineffective.

Section 2.04    Accelerated Vesting of Pre-2015 Equity Awards. With respect to Awards granted prior to January 1, 2015, upon the occurrence of a Change in Control, notwithstanding the provisions of any Benefit Plan or agreement (except as provided in this Section 2.04):

(a)    each outstanding option to purchase Company Common Stock (each, a “Stock Option”) shall become automatically vested and exercisable and

(i)    in the case of those Stock Options outstanding as of the Effective Date, such Stock Options shall remain exercisable by such Participant until the later of the 15^th day of the third month following the date at which, or December 31 of the calendar year in which, the Stock Option would have otherwise expired, but in no event beyond the original term of such Stock Option; and

(ii)    in the case of all Stock Options granted to a Participant after the Effective Date, such Stock Options shall remain exercisable by such Participant for a period of (x) three years in the case of a Tier 1 Participant, (y) two years in the case of a Tier 2 Participant or (z) one year in the case of a Tier 3 Participant, beyond the date at which the Stock Option would have otherwise expired, but in no event beyond the original term of such Stock Option;

(b)    the vesting restrictions based upon continued employment on all other awards relating to Common Stock (including but not limited to restricted stock, restricted stock units and SARs) held by a Participant shall immediately lapse and in the case of restricted stock units and SARs shall become immediately payable, to the extent permitted by Section 409A;

(c)    the vesting restrictions based upon achievement of performance criteria on any awards related to Common Stock (including but not limited to performance shares or performance share units) held by a Participant shall deemed to have been met to the extent determined by the Compensation Committee as constituted immediately prior to the Change of Control; and

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Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the terms of any award under a Benefit Plan shall provide for vesting treatment of equity awards to such Participant that are more favorable than the provisions of paragraphs (a) through (c) above, the provisions of such award shall control the vesting treatment with respect to any equity awards to which such provisions are applicable. Also notwithstanding the foregoing, payments described in this Section generally shall be made immediately following the accelerated vesting date described in this Section, and in no event later than the last day of the “applicable 2½ month period,” as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(b)(4); provided, however, that payments of amounts described in this Section that are “deferrals of compensation” subject to Section 409A may be accelerated only to the extent such acceleration does not trigger a “plan failure” pursuant to Section 409A.

Section 2.05    Accelerated Vesting of Post-2014 Equity Awards.

(a)    With respect to Awards granted on or after January 1, 2015, upon the occurrence of a Change in Control, notwithstanding the provisions of any Benefit Plan or agreement (except as provided in this Section 2.05):

(i)    with respect to outstanding Options and SARs:

(1)    If (x) the Company is the surviving entity and the Common Stock remains listed, quoted, or traded on a national securities exchange or automated quotation system or (y) the surviving entity assumes such Awards or substitutes in lieu thereof stock options or stock appreciation right relating to the stock of such surviving entity having an equivalent then-current value and remaining term, provided that such stock must be listed, quoted, or traded on a national securities exchange or automated quotation system (“Substitute Options/SARs”), such Awards or the Substitute Options/SARs, as applicable, shall be governed by their respective terms;

(2)    If (x)(i) the Company is the surviving entity and the Common Stock remains listed, quoted, or traded on a national securities exchange or automated quotation system or (ii) the surviving entity assumes such Awards or issues Substitute Options/SARs and (y) the Participant is terminated without Cause or for Good Reason within twenty-four (24) months following the date of the Change in Control, such Awards or Substitute Options/SARs, as applicable, held by the Participant that were not previously vested and exercisable shall become fully vested and exercisable effective as of the date of such termination and remain exercisable until the date that is two (2) years following the date of such termination, or the original expiration date, whichever first occurs;

(3)    If (x)(i) the Company is not the surviving entity or (ii) the Common Stock does not remain listed, quoted, or traded on a national securities exchange or automated quotation system and (y) the surviving entity does not assume such Awards or issue Substitute Options/SARs, each such Award shall become fully vested effective as of the date of the Change in Control and promptly cancelled in exchange for a cash payment in an amount equal to (A) the excess of Market Value per share of the Common Stock subject to the Award over the exercise or base price (if any) per share of Common Stock subject to such Award multiplied by (B) the number of shares of Common Stock subject to such Award;

(ii)    with respect to other outstanding Awards not subject to performance-based objectives (other than Options or SARs)(“Time-based Awards”):

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(1)    if (x) the Company is the surviving entity and the Common Stock remains listed, quoted, or traded on a national securities exchange or automated quotation system or (y) the surviving entity assumes such Awards or substitutes in lieu thereof time-based awards relating to the stock of such surviving entity having an equivalent then-current value and vesting date, provided that such stock must be listed, quoted, or traded on a national securities exchange or automated quotation system (“Substitute Time-based Awards”), such Awards or the Substitute Time-based Awards, as applicable, shall be governed by their respective terms;

(2)    if (x)(i) the Company is the surviving entity and the Common Stock remains listed, quoted, or traded on a national securities exchange or automated quotation system or (ii) the surviving entity assumes the such Awards or issues Substitute Time-based Awards and the Participant is terminated without Cause or for Good Reason within twenty-four (24) months following the Change in Control, such Awards or Substitute Time-based Awards, as applicable, held by the Participant that were not previously vested shall become fully vested immediately upon such termination;

(3)    If (x)(i) the Company is not the surviving entity or (ii) the Common Stock does not remain listed, quoted, or traded on a national securities exchange or automated quotation system and (y) the surviving entity does not assume the such Awards or issue Substitute Time-based Awards, such Awards shall become fully vested effective as of the date of the Change in Control and promptly cancelled in exchange for a cash payment of an amount equal to the Fair Market Value per share of the Common Stock subject to the Award immediately prior to the Change in Control multiplied by the number of shares of Common Stock subject to the Award;

(iii)    with respect to Awards subject to performance-based objectives (including but not limited to performance shares or performance share units), the vesting restrictions based upon achievement of the performance-based objectives shall deemed to have been met to the extent determined by the Compensation Committee as constituted immediately prior to the Change of Control and such achievement shall result in the deemed issuance of Time-based Awards or Substitute Time-based Awards, as applicable, with the same vesting date as provided in the original Award granted by the Company and such Awards will be subject to paragraphs (ii)(2) and (3) above, if applicable.

(b)    The Compensation Committee may, in its sole discretion, provide that: (x) an Award shall, upon the occurrence of a Change in Control, be cancelled in exchange for a payment in an amount equal to (i) the Fair Market Value per share of the Common Stock subject to the Award immediately prior to the Change in Control over the exercise or base price (if any) per share of Common Stock subject to such Award multiplied by (ii) the number of shares granted under such Award; and (y) each Award shall, upon the occurrence of a Change in Control, be cancelled without payment therefore if the Fair Market Value per share of the Common Stock subject to such Award immediately prior to the Change in Control is less than the exercise or purchase price (if any) per share of Common Stock subject to such Award.

(c)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the terms of any award under a Benefit Plan shall provide for vesting treatment of equity awards to such Participant that are more favorable than the provisions of paragraphs (a) and (b) above, the provisions of such award shall control the vesting treatment with respect to any equity awards to which such provisions are applicable. Also notwithstanding the foregoing, payments described in this Section generally shall be made immediately following the accelerated vesting date described in this Section, and in no event later than the last day of the “applicable 2½ month period,” as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(b)(4); provided, however, that payments

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of amounts described in this Section that are “deferrals of compensation” subject to Section 409A may be accelerated only to the extent such acceleration does not trigger a “plan failure” pursuant to Section 409A.

ARTICLE III    

SEVERANCE AND RELATED TERMINATION BENEFITS

Section 3.01    Termination of Employment. In the event that a Participant’s employment is terminated within twenty-four (24) months following a Change in Control or during the pendency of a Potential Change in Control provided that a related Change in Control occurs, (x) by the Participant for Good Reason (while such Good Reason exists) or (y) by the Company without Cause (other than for Disability), then in each case, such Participant (or his or her beneficiary) shall be entitled to receive, and the Company shall be obligated to pay to the Participant, subject to Sections 3.02 through 3.04 hereof:

(a)    In the case of a Tier 1 Participant:

(i)    a lump sum payment within sixty (60) days following the later of such Participant’s Termination Date or the date of the Change in Control in an amount equal to 2.99 times the sum of (A) the Participant’s highest Annual Salary in the three years preceding the Termination Date plus (B) the average of the actual bonuses received by such Participant for the three (3) years preceding the Termination Date; plus

(ii)    a lump sum payment within sixty (60) days following the later of such Participant’s Termination Date or the date of the Change in Control in an amount equal to (A) the Pro-rated Portion of the Participant’s target cash incentive opportunity for any not yet completed incentive performance period in which the termination occurs, plus (B) in the event of termination after a completed incentive performance period but before payment of the award earned, the amount of such cash incentive award based on actual performance; plus

(iii)    a lump sum payment as soon as practicable following the Termination Date in an amount equal to (A) all unused paid time off accrued by such Participant as of the Termination Date under the Company’s paid time off policy, plus (B) all accrued but unpaid compensation, excluding any nonqualified deferred compensation, earned by such Participant as of the Termination Date to be paid by the Company ((A) and (B) together, the “Accrued Obligations”); and

(iv)    In addition, for a period of thirty-six months following the Termination Date, such Participant and his or her dependents shall continue to be covered by all medical, dental and vision insurance plans and programs (excluding disability) maintained by the Company under which the Participant was covered immediately prior to the Termination Date (collectively, the “Continued Benefits”) at the same cost sharing between the Company and Participant as a similarly situated active employee.

(b)    In the case of a Tier 2 Participant

(i)    a lump sum payment within sixty (60) days following the later of such Participant’s Termination Date or the date of the Change in Control in an amount equal to two times the sum of (A) the Participant’s highest Annual Salary in the three years preceding the Termination Date plus (B) the average of the actual bonuses received by such Participant for the three (3) years preceding the Termination Date; plus

(ii)    a lump sum payment within sixty (60) days following the later of such Participant’s Termination Date or the date of the Change in Control in an amount equal to (A) the

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Pro-rated Portion of the Participant’s target cash incentive opportunity for any not yet completed incentive performance period in which the termination occurs, plus (B) in the event of termination after a completed incentive performance period but before payment of the award earned, the amount of such cash incentive award based on actual performance; plus

(iii)    a lump sum payment as soon as practicable following the Termination Date in an amount equal to all Accrued Obligations as soon as practicable following the Termination Date; and

(iv)    In addition, for a period of twenty-four months following the Termination Date, such Participant and his or her dependents shall receive Continued Benefits at the same cost sharing between the Company and Participant as a similarly situated active employee.

(c)    In the case of a Tier 3 Participant

(i)    a lump sum payment within sixty (60) days following the later of such Participant’s Termination Date or the date of the Change in Control in an amount equal to the sum of (A) the Participant’s highest Annual Salary in the three years preceding the Termination Date plus (B) the average of the actual bonuses received by such Participant for the three (3) years preceding the Termination Date; plus

(ii)    a lump sum payment within sixty (60) days following the later of such Participant’s Termination Date or the date of the Change in Control in an amount equal to (A) the Pro-rated Portion of the Participant’s target cash incentive opportunity for any not yet completed incentive performance period in which the termination occurs, plus (B) in the event of termination after a completed incentive performance period but before payment of the award earned, the amount of such cash incentive award based on actual performance; plus

(iii)    a lump sum payment as soon as practicable following the Termination Date in an amount equal to all Accrued Obligations as soon as practicable following the Termination Date; and

(iv)    In addition, for a period of twelve months following the Termination Date, such Participant and his or her dependents shall receive Continued Benefits at the same cost sharing between the Company and Participant as a similarly situated active employee.

(d)    Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in the event that a Participant is deemed to be a “specified employee” for purposes of Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code, the lump sum severance payment, together with interest at an annual rate (compounded monthly) equal to the federal short-term rate (as in effect under Section 1274(d) of the Code on the Termination Date) shall be paid, to the extent required by Section 409A, to such Participant immediately following the six-month anniversary of the Termination Date and no later than thirty (30) days following such anniversary. In any event, all Accrued Obligations shall be paid to the Participant no later than sixty (60) days following the Termination Date.

(e)    The cost of the Continued Benefits paid by the Company will be imputed as wage income to the Participant to the extent required to comply with Sections 409A and 105(h) of the Code.

Section 3.02    Golden Parachute Tax.

(a)    Anything in the Plan to the contrary notwithstanding, in the event it shall be determined that any payment or distribution to or for the benefit of any Participant or the acceleration thereof (the “Triggering Payment”) would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code or any interest or penalties with respect to such excise tax (collectively, such excise tax, together with any such interest or penalties, the “Excise Tax”) (all such payments and benefits, including any cash severance payments payable

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pursuant to any other plan, arrangement or agreement, hereinafter referred to as the “Total Payments”), then, after taking into account any reduction in the Total Payments provided by reason of Section 280G of the Code in such other plan, arrangement or agreement, the cash severance payments shall first be reduced, and the noncash severance payments shall thereafter be reduced, to the extent necessary so that no portion of the Total Payments is subject to the Excise Tax but only if (A) the net amount of such Total Payments, as so reduced (and after subtracting the net amount of federal, state and local income taxes on such reduced Total Payments and after taking into account the phase out of itemized deductions and personal exemptions attributable to such reduced Total Payments) is greater than or equal to (B) the net amount of such Total Payments without such reduction (but after subtracting the net amount of federal, state and local income taxes on such Total Payments and the amount of Excise Tax to which the Participant would be subject in respect of such unreduced Total Payments and after taking into account the phase out of itemized deductions and personal exemptions attributable to such unreduced Total Payments). For purposes of determining whether a portion of the Total Payments would be subject to the Excise Tax, the value of the Participant’s non-competition covenant contained in the Release Agreement (defined below in Section 3.03) shall be determined through independent appraisal by the independent accounting firm described in subsection (b), and a corresponding portion of the amount payable pursuant to Section 3.01 shall be allocated as reasonable compensation for the Participant’s non-competition covenant and therefore exempt from the definition of the term “parachute payment” within the meaning of Sections 280G and 4999 of the Code.

(b)    All determinations required to be made under this Section 3.02 with respect to a particular Participant shall be made in writing within ten (10) business days of the receipt of notice from the Participant that there has been a Triggering Payment (or at such earlier time as is requested by the Company and the Participant) by the independent accounting firm then retained by the Company in the ordinary course of business (which firm shall provide detailed supporting calculations to the Company and such Participant) and such determinations shall be final and binding on the Company (including the Compensation Committee) and all Participants. Any fees incurred as a result of work performed by any independent accounting firm pursuant to this Section 3.02 shall be paid by the Company.

Section 3.03    Condition to Receipt of Severance Benefits. As a condition to receipt of any payment or benefits under this Article III, such Participant must enter into a restrictive covenant (non-solicitation, non-compete, non-disclosure, non-disparagement) and release agreement (a “Release Agreement”) with the Company and its affiliates substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A. The Participant must execute and deliver a Release Agreement, and such Release Agreement must become effective and irrevocable in accordance with its terms, no later than sixty (60) days following such Participant’s Termination Date. If this requirement is not satisfied, the Participant shall forfeit the right to all benefits, except for the Accrued Obligations and the Continued Benefits as provided, described in this Article III. In the event such Participant’s receipt of any or all of the payment or benefits under this Article III is subject to Section 409A and such 60-day period extends into a new calendar year, the Company shall deliver such portion of the payments and benefits to the Participant on the later of the first business day of that new year or the effective date of such Release Agreement.

Section 3.04    Limitation of Benefits.

(a)    Anything in the Plan to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company’s obligation to provide the Continued Benefits shall cease if and when the Participant becomes employed by a third party that provides such Participant with substantially comparable health and welfare benefits.

(b)    Any amounts payable under the Plan shall be in lieu of and not in addition to any other severance or termination payment under any other plan or agreement with the Company. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in the event that a Participant becomes entitled to any payment under the Plan, such Participant shall not be entitled to receive any payment under the Company’s Executive Severance Plan. As a condition to receipt of any payment under the Plan, the Participant shall waive any entitlement to any other severance or termination payment by the Company.

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Section 3.05    Plan Unfunded; Participant’s Rights Unsecured. The Company shall not be required to establish any special or separate fund or make any other segregation of funds or assets to assure the payment of any benefit hereunder. The right of any Participant to receive the benefits provided for herein shall be an unsecured obligation against the general assets of the Company.

ARTICLE IV    

DISPUTE RESOLUTION

Section 4.01    Claims Procedure.

(a)    It shall not be necessary for a Participant who has become entitled to receive a benefit hereunder to file a claim for such benefit with any person as a condition precedent to receiving a distribution of such benefit. However, any Participant or beneficiary who believes that he or she has become entitled to a benefit hereunder and who has not received, or commenced receiving, a distribution of such benefit, or who believes that he or she is entitled to a benefit hereunder in excess of the benefit which he or she has received, or commenced receiving, may file a written claim for such benefit with the Compensation Committee no later than ninety (90) days following the date on which he or she allegedly became entitled to receive a distribution of such benefit. Such written claim shall set forth the Participant’s or beneficiary’s name and address and a statement of the facts and a reference to the pertinent provisions of the Plan upon which such claim is based. The Compensation Committee shall, within ninety (90) days after such written claim is filed, provide the claimant with written notice of its decision with respect to such claim. If such claim is denied in whole or in part, the Compensation Committee shall, in such written notice to the claimant, set forth in a manner calculated to be understood by the claimant the specific reason or reasons for denial; specific references to pertinent provisions of the Plan upon which the denial is based; a description of any additional material or information necessary for the claimant to perfect his or her claim and an explanation of why such material or information is necessary; and an explanation of the provisions for review of claims set forth in Section 4.01(b) below.

(b)    A Participant or beneficiary who has filed a written claim for benefits with the Compensation Committee which has been denied may appeal such denial to the Compensation Committee and receive a full and fair review of his or her claim by filing with the Compensation Committee a written application for review at any time within sixty (60) days after receipt from the Compensation Committee of the written notice of denial of his or her claim provided for in Section 4.01(a) above. A Participant or beneficiary who submits a timely written application for review shall be entitled to review any and all documents pertinent to his or her claim and may submit issues and comments to the Compensation Committee in writing. Not later than sixty (60) days after receipt of a written application for review, the Compensation Committee shall give the claimant written notice of its decision on review, which written notice shall set forth in a manner calculated to be understood by the claimant specific reasons for its decision and specific references to the pertinent provisions of the Plan upon which the decision is based. In the event the claimant disputes the decision of the Compensation Committee, the claimant may not bring suit in court with respect to such dispute under the Plan later than one hundred eighty (180) days after receiving the Compensation Committee’s written notice of its decision.

(c)    Any act permitted or required to be taken by a Participant or beneficiary under this Section 4.01 may be taken for and on behalf of such Participant or beneficiary by such Participant’s or beneficiary’s duly authorized representative. Any claim, notice, application or other writing permitted or required to be filed with or given to a party by this Article shall be deemed to have been filed or given when deposited in the U.S. mail, postage prepaid, and properly addressed to the party to whom it is to be given or with whom it is to be filed. Any such claim, notice, application, or other writing deemed filed or given pursuant to the next foregoing sentence shall in the absence of clear and convincing evidence to the contrary, be deemed to have been received on the fifth (5^th) business day following the date upon which it was filed or given. Any

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such notice, application, or other writing directed to a Participant or beneficiary shall be deemed properly addressed if directed to the address set forth in the written claim filed by such Participant or beneficiary.

ARTICLE V

Miscellaneous Provisions

Section 5.01    Cumulative Benefits. Except as provided in Section 3.04, the rights and benefits provided to any Participant under the Plan are in addition to and shall not be a replacement of, all of the other rights and benefits provided to such Participant under any Benefit Plan or any agreement between such Participant and the Company except for any severance or termination benefits.

Section 5.02    No Mitigation. No Participant shall be required to mitigate the amount of any payment provided for in the Plan by seeking or accepting other employment following a termination of his or her employment with the Company or otherwise. Except as otherwise provided in Section 3.04, the amount of any payment provided for in the Plan shall not be reduced by any compensation or benefit earned by a Participant as the result of employment by another employer or by retirement benefits. The Company’s obligations to make payments to any Participant required under the Plan shall not be affected by any set off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense or other claim, right or action that the Company may have against such Participant.

Section 5.03    Amendment or Termination. The Board may amend or terminate the Plan at any time; provided, however, that the Plan may not be amended or terminated during the pendency of a Potential Change in Control or within two (2) years following a Change in Control. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall abridge the authority of the Compensation Committee to designate a new Participant or a new participation Tier for a current Participant or to determine that a Participant shall no longer be entitled to participate in the Plan in accordance with Section 2.01(a) hereof. The Plan shall terminate when all of the obligations to Participants hereunder have been satisfied in full.

To the extent payments and benefits under the Plan remain subject to Section 409A, payments and benefits under the Plan are intended to comply with Section 409A, and all provisions of the Plan and Notice of Participation shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A and Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder, including without limitation any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued after the adoption or amendment of the Plan (and including the Proposed Treasury Regulations issued June 22, 2016, to the extent the application of such proposed regulations facilitates the administration of this Plan in accordance with the intentions set forth in this paragraph). The Plan shall be interpreted and administered, to the extent possible, in accordance with these intentions. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, in the event that the Board determines that any payments or benefits may or do not comply with Section 409A, the Board may adopt such amendments to the Plan (without Participant consent) or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions, that the Board determines are necessary or appropriate to (i) exempt the Plan and any payments or benefits thereunder from the application of Section 409A, or (ii) comply with the requirements of Section 409A.

Section 5.04    Enforceability. The failure of Participants or the Company to insist upon strict adherence to any term of the Plan on any occasion shall not be considered a waiver of such party’s rights or deprive such party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of the Plan.

Section 5.05    Administration.

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(a)    The Compensation Committee shall have full and final authority, subject to the express provisions of the Plan, with respect to designation of Participants and administration of the Plan, including but not limited to, the authority to construe and interpret any provisions of the Plan and to take all other actions deemed necessary or advisable for the proper administration of the Plan.

(b)    The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each member of the Compensation Committee and any other employee of the Company that acts at the direction of the Compensation Committee against any and all expenses and liabilities arising out of his or her administrative functions or fiduciary responsibilities, including any expenses and liabilities that are caused by or result from an act or omission constituting the negligence of such member in the performance of such functions or responsibilities, but excluding expenses and liabilities that are caused by or result from such member’s or employee’s own gross negligence or willful cause. Expenses against which such member or employee shall be indemnified hereunder shall include, without limitation, the amounts of any settlement or judgment, costs, counsel fees, and related charges reasonably incurred in connection with a claim asserted or a proceeding brought or settlement thereof.

Section 5.06    Consolidations, Mergers, Etc. In the event of a merger, consolidation or other transaction, nothing herein shall relieve the Company from any of the obligations set forth in the Plan; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 5.06 shall prevent an acquirer of or Successor to the Company from assuming the obligations, or any portion thereof, of the Company hereunder pursuant to the terms of the Plan provided that such acquirer or Successor provides adequate assurances of its ability to meet this obligation. In the event that an acquirer of or Successor to the Company agrees to perform the Company’s obligations, or any portion thereof, hereunder, the Company shall require any person, firm or entity which becomes its Successor to expressly assume and agree to perform such obligations in writing, in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform hereunder if no such succession had taken place.

Section 5.07    Successors and Assigns. The Plan shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company and its Successors and assigns. The Plan and all rights of each Participant shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by such Participant and his or her personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns. If any Participant should die while any amounts are due and payable to such Participant hereunder, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in accordance with the terms of the Plan to such Participant’s devisees, legatees or other designees or, if there be no such devisees, legatees or other designees, to such Participant’s estate. In the event of the death of any Participant during the applicable period of eligibility for the Continued Benefits set forth in Section 3.01, dependents of such Participant shall be eligible during such period to continue participation in any Continued Benefits in which the Participant was enrolled at the time of death. No payments, benefits or rights arising under the Plan may be assigned or pledged by any Participant, except under the laws of descent and distribution.

Section 5.08    Notices. All notices and other communications provided for in the Plan shall be in writing and shall be sent, delivered or mailed, addressed as follows: (a) if to the Company, at the Company’s principal office address or such other address as the Company may have designated by written notice to all Participants for purposes hereof, directed to the attention of the General Counsel, and (b) if to any Participant, at his or her residence address on the records of the Company or to such other address as he or she may have designated to the Company in writing for purposes hereof. Each such notice or other communication shall be deemed to have been duly given or mailed by United States certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, except that any change of notice address shall be effective only upon receipt.

Section 5.09    Tax Withholding. The Company shall have the right to deduct from any payment hereunder all taxes (federal, state or other) which it is required to be withhold therefrom.

Section 5.10    No Employment Rights Conferred. The Plan shall not be deemed to create a contract of employment between any Participant and the Company and/or its affiliates. Nothing contained in the Plan shall (i) confer upon any Participant any right with respect to continuation of employment with the

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Company or (ii) subject to the rights and benefits of any Participant hereunder, interfere in any way with the right of the Company to terminate such Participant’s employment at any time.

Section 5.11    Entire Plan. The Plan contains the entire understanding of the Participants and the Company with respect to Change in Control severance arrangements maintained on behalf of the Participants by the Company. There are no restrictions, agreements, promises, warranties, covenants or undertakings between the Participants and the Company with respect to the subject matter herein other than those expressly set forth herein.

Section 5.12    Prior Agreements. The Plan supersedes all prior agreements, programs and understandings (including verbal agreements and understandings) between the Participants and the Company regarding the terms and conditions of Participant’s severance arrangements in the event of a Change in Control.

Section 5.13    Severability. If any provision of the Plan is, becomes or is deemed to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of the Plan shall not be affected thereby.

Section 5.14    Governing Law. The Plan shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to its conflict of laws rules, and applicable federal law.

[Remainder of the Page Intentionally Left Blank]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the secretary of the Company does hereby certify the adoption of the Plan on July 24, 2018 by the Encompass Health Corporation Board of Directors.

ENCOMPASS HEALTH CORPORATION

Ву:     /s/ Patrick Darby            

Name: Patrick Darby

Title: Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

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SCHEDULE I

Tier 1 Participants

President and Chief Executive Officer

Executive Vice Presidents

Tier 2 Participants

Regional Presidents

Chief Accounting Officer

Chief Human Resources Officer

Chief Information Officer

Chief Medical Officer

Treasurer

Tier 3 Participants

Chief Strategy & Development Officer

Chief Compliance Officer

Chief Investor Relations Officer

Deputy General Counsel

SVP, Financial Operations

SVP, Public Policy, Legislation & Regulations

SVP, Reimbursement

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Executive and the Company have executed this Agreement on the date indicated below.

ENCOMPASS HEALTH CORPORATION

By:

Date

EXECUTIVE

Name:

Date

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Exhibit A

RESTRICTED COVENANT AND RELEASE AGREEMENT

This Release Agreement (this “Agreement”) is entered into between __________________________ (“Executive”) and Encompass Health Corporation (the “Company”), pursuant^-to the terms and conditions of the Encompass Health Corporation Fourth Amended and Restated Change in Control Benefits Plan, which is attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Plan”).

WITNESSETH

WHEREAS, Executive is employed by the Company as ____________________ and is a “Participant” in the Plan (as such term is defined in the Plan);

WHEREAS, Executive’s last day of employment with the Company will be ______________ ___, _____, and such date shall be the “Termination Date” for purposes of this Agreement and the Plan;

WHEREAS, Executive is eligible to receive benefits under Section 3.01 of the Plan, subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan, including, but not limited to, Executive’s execution and delivery to the Company of this Agreement and it becoming effective;

WHEREAS, Executive has agreed to comply with, among other things, certain confidentiality, noncompetition and nonsolicitation provisions, which are provided below, and such provisions shall be fully enforceable by the Company; and

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company wish to settle, fully and finally, all matters between them under the terms and conditions exclusively set forth in this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is mutually acknowledged, the Company and Executive agree as follows:

1.Benefits under the Plan. Provided that this Agreement becomes effective pursuant to Paragraph 4 of this Agreement:

(a)The Company shall pay the amount listed on Line 1 of Exhibit B attached hereto, subject to all applicable federal, state and local withholdings, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Plan, paid out in a lump sum within sixty (60) days of the Termination Date. In the event any of such payment is subject to Section 409A and such 60-day period extends into a new calendar year, the Company shall deliver such payment to the Participant on the later of the first business day of that new year or the effective date of this Agreement.

(b)Executive will continue to be eligible to participate in the Company sponsored group healthcare benefits, (excluding disability insurance but specifically including medical, dental and vision plans), under which the Executive was covered immediately prior to the Termination Date, for the number of months listed on Line 2 of Exhibit B attached hereto_, after the Termination Date (the “Severance Period”), provided that Executive continues to contribute toward the premiums at the level of an active employee of the Company. Thereafter, Executive’s right to continue coverage under the Company sponsored group healthcare plan at Executive’s own expense, pursuant to the statutory scheme commonly known as “COBRA,” shall be governed by applicable law and the terms of the plans and programs, and will be explained to Executive in a packet to be sent to Executive under separate cover.

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(c)Executive acknowledges and agrees that the severance payments and benefits provided in subsection (a) and (b) of Section 1 are subject to forfeiture and repayment and any awards relating to Common Stock shall be cancellable and/or forfeitable in the event of a material violation by Executive of Sections 6, 7, and/or 8 of this Agreement

2.Release.

(a)    Executive, on behalf of Executive, Executive’s heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, hereby irrevocably and unconditionally releases the Company and its subsidiaries, divisions and affiliates, together with their respective owners, assigns, agents, directors, partners, officers, trustees, members, managers, employees, insurers, employee benefit programs (including, but not limited to, trustees, administrators, fiduciaries, and insurers of such programs), attorneys and representatives and any of their predecessors and successors and each of their estates, heirs and assigns (collectively, the “Company Releases”) from any and all charges, complaints, claims, liabilities, obligations, promises, agreements, causes of action, rights, costs, losses, debts and expenses of any nature whatsoever, known or unknown, which Executive or Executive’s heirs, executors, administrators, successors or assigns ever had, now have or hereafter can, will or may have (either directly, indirectly, derivatively or in any other representative capacity) by reason of any matter, fact or cause whatsoever against the Company or any of the other Company Releases from the beginning of time to the date upon which Executive signs this Agreement, including, but not limited to, any claims arising out of or relating to Executive’s employment with the Company and/or termination of employment from the Company. This release includes, without limitation, all claims arising out of, or relating to, Executive’s employment with the Company and the termination of Executive’s employment with the Company, including all claims for severance or termination benefits under Executive’s employment agreement with the Company, if any, and under any plan, policy or agreement (other than those benefits expressly payable hereunder) and all claims arising under any foreign, federal, state and local labor, laws including, without limitation, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, the Americans with Disabilities Act, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Civil Rights Act of 1991, the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Equal Pay Act, the Immigration and Reform Control Act, the Uniform Services Employment and Re-Employment Act, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Executive Order 11246, the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, the False Claims Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the Alabama Age Discrimination Statute and the Workers’ Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (and any similar state or local law), each as amended.

(b)Nothing in this Paragraph 2 shall be deemed to release (i) Executive’s right to enforce the terms of this Agreement; (ii) Executive’s rights, if any, to any vested benefits or options under any incentive, bonus, or other benefit plan maintained by the Company; (iii) any right to indemnification under the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation or its Amended and Restated By Laws; or (iv) any claim that cannot be waived under applicable law. Nothing in this Agreement prevents Executive from initiating a complaint with or participating in any legally authorized investigation or proceeding conducted by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission or any federal, state, or local law enforcement agency. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive agrees that Executive is waiving all rights to damages and all other forms of recovery arising out of any charge, complaint or lawsuit filed on behalf of Executive or any third party as to all claims waived in this Agreement.

(c)Executive acknowledges and agrees that the Company has fully satisfied any and all obligations owed to Executive arising out of Executive’s employment with the Company, and no further sums are owed to Executive by the Company or by any of the other Company Releases at any time. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that the Company has paid Executive for all earned wages and accrued but unused paid time off through the Termination Date. By entering into this Agreement, Executive explicitly waives any rights to severance or other post-termination benefits under any oral or written plan, policy, employment agreement, contract or arrangement with the Company, other than as provided in this Agreement. Executive acknowledges and agrees that, in the absence of this Agreement, the Company has no obligation

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to provide any of the consideration set forth in Paragraph 1 of this Agreement. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that Executive has no rights to any unvested benefits or options under any incentive, bonus or other benefit plan, except as otherwise provided in the Plan; and that all such vesting shall cease as of the Termination Date. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that any right to continue to contribute to the Company’s 401(k) plan for employees ended on the Termination Date. Furthermore, Executive acknowledges and agrees that the payments and benefits provided under Paragraph 1 of this Agreement shall not be included in any computation of earnings under the Company’s 401(k) plan or any other plan.

Executive represents that Executive has no lawsuits pending against the Company or any of the other Company Releases. Executive further covenants and agrees that neither Executive nor Executive’s heirs, executors, administrators, successors or assigns will be entitled to any personal recovery in any

(d) proceeding of any nature whatsoever against the Company or any of the other Company Releases arising out of any of the matters released in Paragraph 2.

3.Consultation with Attorney/Voluntary Agreement. Executive acknowledges that (a) the Company is hereby advising Executive of Executive’s right to consult with an attorney of Executive’s own choosing prior to executing this Agreement, (b) Executive has carefully read and fully understands all of the provisions of this Agreement, and (c) Executive is entering into this Agreement, including the releases set forth in Paragraph 2 above, knowingly, freely and voluntarily in exchange for good and valuable consideration, including the obligations of the Company under this Agreement.

4.Consideration & Revocation Period.

(a)Executive acknowledges that Executive has been given at least twenty-one (21) calendar days following receipt of this Agreement to consider the terms of this Agreement, although Executive may execute it sooner.

(b)Executive will have seven (7) calendar days from the date on which Executive signs this Agreement to revoke Executive’s consent to the terms of this Agreement. Such revocation must be in writing and must be addressed and sent via facsimile as follows: Encompass Health Corporation, Attention: General Counsel, facsimile: (205) 262-8692. Notice of such revocation must be received within the seven (7) calendar days referenced above. In the event of such revocation by Executive, this Agreement shall not become effective and Executive shall not have any rights under this Agreement or the Plan.

(c)Provided that Executive does not revoke this Agreement, this Agreement shall become effective on the eighth calendar day after the date on which Executive signs this Agreement (the “Effective Date”).

5.Acknowledgements.

(a)    Executive acknowledges and agrees that: (i) the “Company Business” (as defined in Paragraph 9(a) below) is intensely competitive and that Executive’s employment by the Company required Executive to have access to, and knowledge of, “Confidential Information” (as defined in Paragraph 9(b) below); (ii) the use or disclosure of any Confidential Information could place the Company at a serious competitive disadvantage and could do serious damage, financial and otherwise, to the Company; (iii) Executive was given access to, and developed relationships with, employees, clients, patients, physicians and partners of the Company at the time and expense of the Company; and (iv) by Executive’s training, experience and expertise, Executive’s services to the Company were extraordinary, special and unique, and the Company invested in training and enhancing Executive’s skill and experience in the Company Business.

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(b)Executive further acknowledges and agrees that (i) Executive’s experience and capabilities are such that the provisions contained in Paragraphs 6, 7, and 8 will not prevent Executive from earning a livelihood; (ii) the Company would be seriously and irreparably injured if Executive were to engage in “Competitive Activities” (as defined below), or to otherwise breach the obligations contained in Paragraphs 6, 7 and 8, no adequate remedy at-law would exist and damages would be difficult to determine; (iii) the provisions contained in Paragraphs 6, 7 and 8 are justified by and reasonably necessary to protect the legitimate business interests of the Company, including the Confidential Information and good will of the Company; and (iv) the provisions in Paragraphs 6, 7 and 8 are fair and reasonable in scope, duration and geographical limitations. Accordingly, Executive agrees to be bound fully by the restrictive covenants in this Agreement to the maximum extent permitted by law, it being the intent and spirit of the parties that the restrictive covenants and the other agreements contained herein shall be valid and enforceable in all respects.

6.    Confidentiality.

(a)Executive acknowledges and agrees that, from and after the Termination Date, and at all times thereafter, Executive will not communicate, divulge or disclose to any “Person” (as defined in Paragraph 9(c) below) or use for Executive’s own benefit or purpose any Confidential Information of the Company, except as required by law or court order or expressly authorized in writing by the Company; provided, however, that Executive shall promptly notify the Company prior to making any disclosure required by law or court order so that the Company may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy.

7.    Covenant Not to Compete.

From the Termination Date through the end of the Severance Period (the “Noncompetition Period”), Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, participate in the management, operation or control of, or have any financial or ownership interest in, or aid or knowingly assist anyone else in the conduct of, any business or entity that (i) engages in the Company Business in any Restricted Territory (as defined in Paragraph 9(d) below), or (ii) is, to Executive’s knowledge, making preparations for engaging in the Company Business in any Restricted Territory (collectively, “Competitive Activity”); provided, however, that (x) the “beneficial ownership” by Executive, either individually or as a member of a “group” (as such terms are used in Rule 13d of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), of not more than one percent (1%) of the voting stock of any publicly held corporation shall not alone constitute a breach of this Paragraph 7 and (y) Executive may enter into, at arm’s length, any bona fide joint venture (or partnership or other business arrangement) with any Person who is not directly engaged in the Company Business but which is an affiliate of another Person engaged in the Company Business.

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8.    Employee Nonsolicitation; Nondisparagement.

(a)Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, within the Noncompetition Period, without the prior written consent of the Company, solicit or direct any other Person to solicit any officer or other employee of the Company to: (i) terminate such officer’s or employee’s employment with the Company; or (ii) seek or accept employment or other affiliation with Executive or any Person engaged in any Competitive Activity in which Executive is directly or indirectly involved (other than, in each case, any solicitation directed at the public in general in publications available to the public in general or any contact which Executive can demonstrate was initiated by such officer, director or employee or any contact after such officer’s or employee’s employment with the Company is terminated). Executive’s obligations. under this Paragraph 8(a) with respect to new Company employees hired after the Termination Date shall be subject to the condition that Executive shall have been notified of such new employees.

(b)Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, within the Noncompetition Period, without the prior written consent of the Company, solicit or direct any other Person to solicit any Person or entity in a business relationship with the Company (whether an independent contractor, joint venture partner or otherwise) to terminated such Person or entity’s business relationship with the Company.

(c)Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, within the Noncompetition Period, make any statements or comments of a defamatory or disparaging nature to third parties regarding the Company or any of their members, principals, officers, managers, directors, personnel, employees, agents, services or products; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Paragraph 8(b) shall preclude Executive from providing truthful testimony in response to a valid subpoena, court order, regulatory request or as may be required by law.

9.    Definitions.

(a)For the purposes of this Agreement, the “Company Business” shall mean the business of owning, operating or managing inpatient rehabilitation facilities offering a range of rehabilitative health care services, and services directly ancillary thereto for which the Company receives compensation.

(b)For purposes of this Agreement, “Confidential Information” includes, but is not limited to, certain or all of the Company’s and its patients’, physicians’ and third-party managed care providers’ supply agreement arrangements, regulatory packages, registration packages, data compensation packages, methods, information, systems, plans for acquisition or disposition of products, expansion plans, financial status and plans, customer lists, client data, personnel information, consulting reports, investigative reports, Personal Health Information (PHI), strategic plans and trade secrets.

(c)For the purposes of this Agreement, “Person” shall mean an individual, corporation, joint venture, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint stock or other company, business trust, trust or other entity or organization, including any national, federal, state, territorial agency, local or foreign judicial, legislative, executive, regulatory or administrative authority, commission, court, tribunal, any political or other subdivision, department or branch of any of the foregoing, and any self regulatory organization or arbitrator.

(d)For the purposes of this Agreement, the “Restricted Territory” means the area within seventy-five (75) miles of any location where an inpatient rehabilitation facility, which is owned or operated by the Company, is located as of the Termination Date.

10.Notice to the Company. In the event that Executive accepts employment with another party at any time during the Severance Period, Executive shall inform the Company in writing on or before the commencement date of such employment and provide the Company with such other information

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relating to available health and welfare benefits as a result of said employment as required by Section 3.03(a) of the Plan.

11.Duty to Inform. Executive shall inform in writing any Person, who seeks to employ or engage Executive in any capacity, of Executive’s obligations under Paragraphs 6, 7 and 8 of this Agreement, prior to accepting such employment or engagement.

12.Company Property. Executive represents that Executive has returned to the Company all property of the Company. Such property includes, but is not limited to, laptop computers, BlackBerry, printers, other computer equipment (including computers, printers and equipment paid-for by the Company for use at Executive’s residence), cellular phones and pagers, keys, security passes, passwords, work files, records, credit cards, building ID’s and all other Company property in Executive’s possession on the last day of Executive’s employment with the Company. Following the Termination Date, the Company shall also have no obligation to continue to make payments under any car loan or corporate membership provided to Executive as an employee of the Company.

13.No Admission of Wrongdoing. Nothing herein is to be deemed to constitute an admission of wrongdoing by the Company or any of the other Company Releases.

14.Assignment. This Agreement is binding on, and will inure to the benefit of, the Company and the other Company Releases. All rights of Executive under this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, Executive’s personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributes, devisees and legatees.

15.Injunctive Relief. Executive agrees that the Company would suffer irreparable harm if Executive were to breach, or threaten to breach, any provision of this
Agreement and that the Company would by reason of such breach, or threatened breach, be entitled to injunctive relief in a court of appropriate jurisdiction, without the need to post any bond, and Executive further consents and stipulates to the entry of such injunctive relief in such a court prohibiting Executive from breaching this Agreement. This Paragraph 15 shall not, however, diminish the right of the Company to claim and recover damages and other appropriate relief, including but not limited to repayment of any severance payments or benefits provided to Executive, in addition to injunctive relief.

16.Severability. In the event that any one or more_, of the provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. Moreover, if any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall be held to be excessively broad as to duration, activity or subject, such provisions shall be construed by limiting and reducing them so as to be enforceable to the maximum extent allowed by applicable law. Furthermore, a determination in any jurisdiction that this Agreement, in whole or in part, is invalid, illegal or unenforceable shall not in any way affect or impair the validity, legality or enforceability of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction.

17.Waiver. The failure of either party to this Agreement to enforce any of its terms, provisions or covenants shall not be construed as a waiver of the same or of the right of such party to enforce the same. Waiver by either party hereto of any breach or default by the other party of any term or provision of this Agreement shall not operate as a waiver of any other breach or default.

18.No Oral Modifications. This Agreement may not be changed orally, but may be changed only in a writing signed by Executive and a duly authorized representative of the Company.

19.Governing Law; Venue. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the application of any choice-of-law rules that would result in the application of another state’s laws. With respect to any action, suit or proceeding, each party irrevocably (i) submits to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Delaware and the United States District Court of the District of Delaware, and (ii) waives any objection which it may have at any time

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to the laying of venue of any proceeding brought in any such court, waives any claim that such proceedings have been brought in an inconvenient forum and further waives the right to object, with respect to such proceedings, that such court does not have jurisdiction over such party.

20.Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth the entire understanding between Executive and the Company, and supersedes all prior agreements, representations, discussions, and understandings concerning their subject matter. Executive represents that, in executing this Agreement, Executive has not relied upon any representation or statement made by the Company or any other Company Releases, other
than those set forth herein, with regard to the subject matter, basis or effect of this Agreement or otherwise.

21.Descriptive Headings. The paragraph headings contained herein are for reference purposes only and will not in any way affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.

22.Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but all of which shall constitute but one and the same agreement.

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[EXHIBIT A to the Form of Restricted Covenant and Release Agreement]

[INSERT PLAN]

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EXHIBIT B

Name:        

1.        Amount Payable:    $        

2.        Months:        

B-1

EX-10.2

Exhibit 10.2

ENCOMPASS HEALTH CORPORATION

FIFTH AMENDED AND RESTATED EXECUTIVE SEVERANCE PLAN

Encompass Health Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), has adopted the Encompass Health Corporation Fifth Amended and Restated Executive Severance Plan, to be effective as of October 9, 2018 (the “Plan”), for the benefit of certain employees of the Company and its subsidiaries, on the terms and conditions hereinafter stated. The Plan is intended to help retain qualified employees and provide financial security to certain employees of the Company whose employment with the Company and its Affiliates may be terminated under circumstances entitling them to severance benefits as provided herein. The Plan is intended to be a plan that “is unfunded and is maintained by an employer primarily for the purpose of providing deferred compensation for a select group of management or highly compensated employees” within the meaning of Sections 201(2), 301(a)(3) and 401(a)(1) of ERISA. Conversely, to the maximum extent permitted by law, the Plan is not intended to provide for any “deferral of compensation,” as defined in Section 409A of the Code (“Section 409A”) and authoritative Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder (including the Proposed Treasury Regulations issued June 22, 2016, to the extent the application of such proposed regulations facilitates the administration of this Plan in accordance with the intentions set forth in this paragraph). Instead, payments and benefits under the Plan are intended to fall within the exemptions for “short-term deferrals,” as set forth in Treasury Regulations section 1.409A-1(b)(4), and “separation pay due to involuntary separation from service or participation in a window program,” as set forth in Treasury Regulations section 1.409A-1(b)(9)(iii), and it is further intended that each Participant’s benefits shall be payable only upon a Participant’s “separation from service” under Treasury Regulations section 1.409A-1(h). For purposes of Treasury Regulations section 1.409A-2(b)(2)(iii), the right to each payment under the Plan shall be treated as the right to a separate payment. The Plan shall be administered and interpreted to the extent possible in a manner consistent with these intentions.

ARTICLE IDEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS

Section 1.01    Definitions. Capitalized terms used in the Plan shall have the following respective meanings, except as otherwise provided or as the context shall otherwise require:

“Annual Salary” shall mean the base salary paid to a Participant immediately prior to his or her Termination Date on an annual basis exclusive of any bonus payments or additional payments under any Benefit Plan.

“Benefit Plan” shall mean any “employee benefit plan” (including any employee benefit plan within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA), program, arrangement or practice maintained, sponsored or provided by the Company, including those relating to compensation, bonuses, profit-sharing, stock option, or other stock related rights or other forms of incentive or deferred compensation, paid time off benefits, insurance coverage (including any self-insured arrangements) health or medical benefits, disability benefits, workers’ compensation, supplemental unemployment benefits, severance benefits and post-employment or retirement benefits (including compensation, pension, health, medical or life insurance or other benefits).

“Board” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company.

“Cause” shall have the meaning set forth in any individual employment or similar agreement between the Company and a Participant, or in the event that a Participant is not a party to such an agreement, Cause shall mean:

(i)    the Company’s procurement of evidence of the Participant’s act of fraud, misappropriation, or embezzlement with respect to the Company;

(ii)    the Participant’s indictment for, conviction of, or plea of guilty or no contest to, any felony (other than a minor traffic violation);

(iii)    the suspension or debarment of the Participant or of the Company or any of its affiliated companies or entities as a direct result of any willful or grossly negligent act or omission of the Participant in connection with his employment with the Company from participation in any Federal or state health care program. For purposes of this clause (iii), the Participant shall not have acted in a “willful” manner if the Participant acted, or failed to act, in a manner that he believed in good faith to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company;

(iv)    the Participant’s admission of liability of, or finding by a court or the SEC (or a similar agency of any applicable state) of liability for, the violation of any “Securities Laws” (as hereinafter defined) (excluding any technical violations of the Securities Laws which are not criminal in nature). As used herein, the term “Securities Laws” means any Federal of state law, rule or regulation governing the issuance or exchange of securities, including without limitation the Securities Act and the Exchange Act;

(v)    a formal indication from any agency or instrumentality of any state or the United States of America, including but not limited to the United States Department of Justice, the SEC or any committee of the United States Congress that the Participant is a target or the subject of any investigation or proceeding into the actions or inactions of the Participant for a violation of any Securities Laws in connection with his employment by the Company (excluding any technical violations of the Securities law which are not criminal in nature);

(vi)    the Participant’s failure after reasonable prior written notice from the Company to comply with any valid and legal directive of the Chief Executive Officer or the Board that is not remedied within thirty (30) days of the Participant being provided written notice thereof from the Company; or

1.other than as provided in clauses (i) through (vi) above, the Participant’s breach of any material provision of any employment agreement, if applicable, or the Participant’s breach of or failure to perform the material duties and responsibilities of the Participant’s job, that is not remedied within thirty (30) days or repeated breaches of a similar nature, such as the failure to report to work, comply with a Company policy, perform duties when or as directed or otherwise follow directions, all as provided herein, which shall not require additional notices as provided in clauses (i) through (vi) above.

Cause shall be determined by the affirmative vote of at least fifty percent (50%) of the members of the Board (excluding the Participant, if a Board member, and excluding any member of the Board involved in events leading to the Board’s consideration of terminating the Participant for Cause).

“Code” shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Reference in the Plan to any section of the Code shall be deemed to include any amendments or successor provisions to such section and any regulations under such section.

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“Common Stock” shall mean $.01 par value common stock of the Company, and such other securities of the Company as may be substituted for Common Stock.

“Compensation Committee” shall mean the Compensation Committee of the Board.

“ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Good Reason” shall mean, when used with reference to any Participant, any of the following actions or failures to act, but in each case only if it occurs while such Participant is employed by the Company and then only if it is not consented to by such Participant in writing:

(i)    assignment of a position that is of a lesser rank than held by the Participant prior to the assignment and that results in a material adverse change in such Participant’s reporting position, duties or responsibilities or title or elected or appointed offices as in effect immediately prior to the effective date of such change;

(ii)    a material reduction in such Participant’s total compensation from that in effect immediately prior to the effective date of such reduction. For purposes of this clause (ii), “total compensation” shall mean the sum of base salary, target bonus opportunity and the opportunity to receive compensation in the form of equity in the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a reduction will not be deemed to have occurred hereunder on account of (A) any change to a plan term other than ultimate target bonus opportunity or equity opportunity, (B) the actual payout of any bonus amount or equity amount, (C) any reduction resulting from changes in the market value of securities or other instruments paid or payable to the Participant, or (D) any reduction in the total compensation of a group of similarly situated Participants that includes such Participant;

(iii)    any change of more than fifty (50) miles in the location of the principal place of employment of such Participant immediately prior to the effective date of such change; or

(iv)    the Participant receives a Removal Notice in accordance with Section 2.01(a) hereof or a notice of termination of the Plan in accordance with Section 5.04 hereof.

For purposes of this definition, none of the actions described in clauses (i) through (iv) above shall constitute “Good Reason” if taken for Cause. Additionally, none of the actions described in clauses (i) through (iv) above shall constitute “Good Reason” with respect to any Participant if remedied by the Company within thirty (30) days after receipt of written notice thereof given by such Participant (or, if the matter is not capable of remedy within thirty (30) days, then within a reasonable period of time following such thirty (30) day period, provided that the Company has commenced such remedy within said thirty (30) day period); provided that “Good Reason” shall cease to exist for any action described in clauses (i) through (iii) above on the sixtieth (60^th) day following the later of the occurrence of such action or the Participant’s knowledge thereof, unless such Participant has given the Company written notice thereof prior to such date. In the case of clause (iv) above, Good Reason shall cease to exist on the sixtieth (60^th) day following the delivery of such notice. Furthermore, any benefits under the Plan resulting from the occurrence described in clause (iv) above shall be based on the status of the Participant as set forth on Schedule I hereto as of the date of such occurrence.

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“Participant” shall mean an employee of the Company who has become a Participant in accordance with Section 2.01(a).

“Plan” shall mean this Encompass Health Corporation Executive Severance Plan, as amended, supplemented or modified from time to time in accordance with its terms.

“Pro-rated Portion” shall mean, with respect to any equity-based grant or award, a fraction (i) whose numerator is the number of months elapsed from the date of grant of such Award through the effective date of termination of a Participant’s employment in the circumstances described in Section 3.01 below, and (ii) whose denominator is the total number of months over which the grant or award would have vested or had its restrictions lapse under the applicable award agreement. For purposes of this definition, the months elapsed will include the month in which the effective date of termination occurs if such date is the 16^th, or a subsequent, day of that month.

“Qualified Performance-Based Award” shall mean an award or portion of an award related to the Common Stock that is intended to qualify for the exemption from the limitation on deductibility set forth in Section 162(m)(4)(C) of the Code or any successor provision thereto.

“SEC” shall mean the United States Securities Exchange Commission.

“Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

“Severance Multiplier” shall have the meaning set forth in Article III.

“Successor” shall mean a successor to all or substantially all of the business, operations or assets of the Company.

“Termination Date” shall mean, with respect to any Participant, the termination date specified in the Termination Notice delivered by such Participant to the Company in accordance with Section 2.02 or as set forth in any Termination Notice delivered by the Company.

“Termination Notice” shall mean, as appropriate, written notice from (a) a Participant to the Company purporting to terminate such Participant’s employment for Good Reason in accordance with Section 2.02 or (b) the Company to any Participant purporting to terminate such Participant’s employment for Cause in accordance with Section 2.03.

Section 1.02    Interpretation. In the Plan, unless a clear contrary intention appears, (a) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” refer to the Plan as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision, (b) reference to any Article or Section, means such Article or Section hereof and (c) the words “including” (and with correlative meaning “include”) means including, without limiting the generality of any description preceding such term. The Article and Section headings herein are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

ARTICLE II    

ELIGIBILITY AND BENEFITS

Section 2.01    Eligible Employees.

(a)    An employee of the Company shall be a “Participant” in the Plan during each calendar year (or partial calendar year) for which he or she is employed by the Company as the Chief Executive Officer, an Executive Vice President, a Senior Vice President, a Regional President, or other position set forth on Schedule I attached hereto, unless the Participant is given written notice by December 31 of the preceding year of the

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Compensation Committee’s determination that such Participant shall cease to be a Participant for such succeeding calendar year (a “Removal Notice”).

(b)    The Plan is only for the benefit of Participants, and no other employees, personnel, consultants or independent contractors shall be eligible to participate in the Plan or to receive any rights or benefits hereunder.

Section 2.02    Termination Notices from Participants. For purposes of the Plan, in order for any Participant to terminate his or her employment for Good Reason, such Participant must give a Termination Notice to the Company in accordance with the requirements specified under the definition of Good Reason in Section 1.01, which notice shall be signed by such Participant, shall be dated the date it is given to the Company, shall specify the Termination Date and shall state that the termination is for Good Reason and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for such Good Reason. Any Termination Notice given by a Participant that does not comply in all material respects with the foregoing requirements as well as the “Good Reason” definition provisions set forth in Section 1.01 shall be invalid and ineffective for purposes of the Plan. If the Company receives from any Participant a Termination Notice that states that the termination is for Good Reason and which the Company believes is invalid and ineffective as aforesaid, it shall promptly notify such Participant of such belief and the reasons therefor. Any termination of employment by the Participant that either does not constitute Good Reason or fails to meet the Termination Notice requirements set forth above shall be deemed a termination by the Participant without Good Reason.

Section 2.03    Termination Notices from Company. For purposes of the Plan, in order for the Company to terminate any Participant’s employment for Cause, the Company must give a Termination Notice to such Participant, which notice shall be dated the date it is given to such Participant, shall specify the Termination Date and shall state that the termination is for Cause and shall set forth in reasonable detail the particulars thereof. Any Termination Notice given by the Company that does not comply, in all material respects, with the foregoing requirements shall be invalid and ineffective for purposes of the Plan. Any Termination Notice purported to be given by the Company to any Participant after the death or retirement of such Participant shall be invalid and ineffective.

ARTICLE III    

SEVERANCE AND RELATED TERMINATION BENEFITS

Section 3.01    Termination of Employment.

(a)    In the event that a Participant’s employment is terminated (i) by the Participant for Good Reason (while such Good Reason exists) or (ii) by the Company without Cause, then in each case:

(A)    such Participant shall be entitled to receive, and the Company shall be obligated to pay to the Participant, subject to Sections 3.02 and 3.03 hereof, a lump sum payment within sixty (60) days following such Participant’s Termination Date in an amount equal to (i) the Participant’s Annual Salary on the Termination Date multiplied by the severance multiplier applicable for such Participant as set forth on Schedule I (the “Severance Multiplier”) plus (ii) all unused paid time off time accrued by such Participant as of the Termination Date under the Company’s paid time off policy plus (iii) all accrued but unpaid compensation, excluding any nonqualified deferred compensation, earned by such Participant as of the Termination Date ((ii) and (iii) together, the “Accrued Obligations”);

(B)    for a period of months equal to the Participant’s Severance Multiplier multiplied by twelve (12), such Participant and his or her dependents shall continue to be covered by all medical, dental and vision insurance plans and programs (excluding disability insurance) maintained by the Company under which the Participant was covered immediately prior to the Termination Date (collectively, the “Continued

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Benefits”) at the same cost sharing between the Company and Participant as a similarly situated active employee;

(C)    a Pro-rated Portion of any unvested options held by the Participant to purchase Company stock will become automatically vested and exercisable and shall continue to be exercisable for such time as otherwise vested options are exercisable under the related plan and option agreement; and

(D)    the vesting restrictions based upon continued employment on a Pro-rated Portion of all other awards relating to Common Stock (including but not limited to restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights and awards deemed achieved pursuant to clause (E) below) held by the Participant shall immediately lapse and, in the case of restricted stock units and stock appreciation rights, shall become payable at the time specified in clause (A) above, to the extent permitted by Section 409A.

(E)    the achievement of performance criteria on any awards related to the Common Stock (including but not limited to performance shares or performance share units) held by a Participant shall deemed to have been met to the extent determined by the Compensation Committee, subject to the restrictions on Qualified Performance-Based Awards.

(F)    Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in the event that a Participant is deemed to be a “specified employee” for purposes of Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code, the lump sum severance payment, together with interest at the an annual rate (compounded monthly) equal to the federal short-term rate (as in effect under Section 1274(d) of the Code on the Termination Date) shall be paid, to the extent required by Section 409A, to such Participant immediately following the six-month anniversary of the Termination Date and no later than thirty (30) days following such anniversary. In any event, all Accrued Obligations shall be paid to the Participant no later than sixty (60) days following the Termination Date.

(b)    In the event that a Participant’s employment is terminated (i) by the Company for Cause or (ii) by the Participant other than for Good Reason, then in each case:

(A)    such Participant shall be entitled to receive, and the Company shall be obligated to pay to the Participant a lump sum payment equal to the Accrued Obligations; and

(B)    such Participant shall be entitled to continue to maintain coverage for such Participant under the provisions of Section 4980B of the Code (“COBRA”) until the expiration of eligibility under COBRA. The Participant shall be required to make any premium payments for such coverage under the provisions of COBRA.

i.At the expiration of the period applicable to Continued Benefits as provided in Section 3.01(a)(B), the Participant and his or her dependents shall be entitled to continued coverage under COBRA for a period, if any, equal to the difference between the maximum coverage period applicable to such Participant or a dependent under COBRA and the period under which continued Benefits were provided pursuant to Section 3.01(a)(B).

ii.Notwithstanding the foregoing, the failure to continue a Participant’s employment with the Company following the expiration of an employment agreement between the Company and the Participant shall not be treated as termination without Cause by the Company or a termination by the Participant for Good Reason.

Section 3.02    Condition to Receipt of Severance Benefits. As a condition to receipt of any payment or benefits under Section 3.01(a), such Participant must enter into a restrictive covenant (non-solicitation, non-compete, non-disclosure, non-disparagement) and release agreement (a “Release Agreement”) with the Company and its affiliates substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A. The Participant must execute and deliver a Release Agreement, and such Release Agreement must become effective and

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irrevocable in accordance with its terms, no later than sixty (60) days following such Participant’s Termination Date. If this requirement is not satisfied, the Participant shall forfeit the right to receive any benefits under Section 3.01(a) and shall instead be entitled to benefits only under Section 3.01(b). In the event such Participant’s receipt of any or all of the payment or benefits under Section 3.01(a) is subject to Section 409A and such 60-day period extends into a new calendar year, the Company shall deliver such portion of the payments and benefits to the Participant on the later of the first business day of that new year or the effective date of such Release Agreement.

Section 3.03    Limitation of Benefits.

(a)    Anything in the Plan to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company’s obligation to provide the Continued Benefits as provided in Section 3.01(a)(B) shall cease immediately upon such Participant beginning employment with a third party that provides such Participant with substantially comparable health and welfare benefits.

(b)    Any amounts payable under the Plan shall be in lieu of and not in addition to any other severance or termination payment under any other plan or agreement with the Company. As a condition to receipt of any payment under the Plan, the Participant shall waive any entitlement to any other severance or termination payment by the Company, including any severance or termination payment set forth in any employment agreement with the Company. In the event a Participant is entitled to benefits under a Change of Control Plan maintained by the Company, a Participant shall not be entitled to any benefits hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 3.03(b) shall abridge the Participant’s rights with respect to vested benefits under any Benefit Plan.

Section 3.04    Plan Unfunded; Participant’s Rights Unsecured. The Company shall not be required to establish any special or separate fund or make any other segregation of funds or assets to assure the payment of any benefit hereunder. The right of any Participant to receive the benefits provided for herein shall be an unsecured obligation against the general assets of the Company.

ARTICLE IV    

CLAIMS PROCEDURE

Section 4.01    Claims Procedure

(a)    It shall not be necessary for a Participant who has become entitled to receive a benefit hereunder to file a claim for such benefit with any person as a condition precedent to receiving a distribution of such benefit. However, any Participant or beneficiary who believes that he or she has become entitled to a benefit hereunder and who has not received, or commenced receiving, a distribution of such benefit, or who believes that he or she is entitled to a benefit hereunder in excess of the benefit which he or she has received, or commenced receiving, may file a written claim for such benefit with the Compensation Committee no later than ninety (90) days following the date on which he or she allegedly became entitled to receive a distribution of such benefit. Such written claim shall set forth the Participant’s or beneficiary’s name and address and a statement of the facts and a reference to the pertinent provisions of the Plan upon which such claim is based. The Compensation Committee shall, within ninety (90) days after such written claim is filed, provide the claimant with written notice of its decision with respect to such claim. If such claim is denied in whole or in part, the Compensation Committee shall, in such written notice to the claimant, set forth in a manner calculated to be understood by the claimant the specific reason or reasons for denial; specific references to pertinent provisions of the Plan upon which the denial is based; a description of any additional material or information necessary for the claimant to perfect his or her claim and an explanation of why such material or information is necessary; and an explanation of the provisions for review of claims set forth in Section 4.01(b) below.

(b)    A Participant or beneficiary who has filed a written claim for benefits with the Compensation Committee which has been denied may appeal such denial to the Compensation Committee and receive a full

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and fair review of his or her claim by filing with the Compensation Committee a written application for review at any time within sixty (60) days after receipt from the Compensation Committee of the written notice of denial of his or her claim provided for in Section 4.01(a) above. A Participant or beneficiary who submits a timely written application for review shall be entitled to review any and all documents pertinent to his or her claim and may submit issues and comments to the Compensation Committee in writing. Not later than sixty (60) days after receipt of a written application for review, the Compensation Committee shall give the claimant written notice of its decision on review, which written notice shall set forth in a manner calculated to be understood by the claimant specific reasons for its decision and specific references to the pertinent provisions of the Plan upon which the decision is based. In the event the claimant disputes the decision of the Compensation Committee, the claimant may not bring suit in court with respect to such dispute under the Plan later than one hundred eighty (180) days after receiving the Compensation Committee’s written notice of its decision.

(c)    Any act permitted or required to be taken by a Participant or beneficiary under this Section 4.01 may be taken for and on behalf of such Participant or beneficiary by such Participant’s or beneficiary’s duly authorized representative. Any claim, notice, application or other writing permitted or required to be filed with or given to a party by this Article shall be deemed to have been filed or given when deposited in the U.S. mail, postage prepaid, and properly addressed to the party to whom it is to be given or with whom it is to be filed. Any such claim, notice, application, or other writing deemed filed or given pursuant to the next foregoing sentence shall in the absence of clear and convincing evidence to the contrary, be deemed to have been received on the fifth (5^th) business day following the date upon which it was filed or given. Any such notice, application, or other writing directed to a Participant or beneficiary shall be deemed properly addressed if directed to the address set forth in the written claim filed by such Participant or beneficiary.

ARTICLE V    

Miscellaneous Provisions

Section 5.01    Recoupment. Nothing in the Plan, including the treatment under the Plan of awards relating to the Common Stock held by the Participant, cash distributed to a Participant pursuant thereto, or proceeds received by a Participant upon the sale of any related Common Stock, should be interpreted to alter or supersede the terms or requirements of the Company’s Compensation Recoupment Policy, as it may be amended from time to time, which policy is hereby incorporated in the Plan by reference.

Section 5.02    Cumulative Benefits. Except as provided in Section 3.03, the rights and benefits provided to any Participant under the Plan are in addition to and shall not be a replacement of, all of the other rights and benefits provided to such Participant under any Benefit Plan or any agreement between such Participant and the Company.

Section 5.03    No Mitigation. No Participant shall be required to mitigate the amount of any payment provided for in the Plan by seeking or accepting other employment following a termination of his or her employment with the Company or otherwise. Except as otherwise provided in Section 3.03, the amount of any payment provided for in the Plan shall not be reduced by any compensation or benefit earned by a Participant as the result of employment by another employer or by retirement benefits. The Company’s obligations to make payments to any Participant required under the Plan shall not be affected by any set off, counterclaim, recoupment, defense or other claim, right or action that the Company may have against such Participant.

Section 5.04    Amendment or Termination. The Board may amend or terminate the Plan at any time upon not less than seventy-five (75) days’ notice to each then current Participant; provided that no amendment or termination may adversely affect the rights of any Participant who is receiving benefits under the Plan at such time of amendment or termination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall abridge the Compensation Committee’s authority to designate new Participants or to determine that a Participant shall no longer be entitled to participate in the Plan in accordance with Section 2.01(a).

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To the extent payments and benefits under the Plan remain subject to Section 409A, payments and benefits under the Plan are intended to comply with Section 409A, and all provisions of the Plan and Notice of Participation shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A and Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder, including without limitation any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued after the adoption or amendment of the Plan (and including the Proposed Treasury Regulations issued June 22, 2016, to the extent the application of such proposed regulations facilitates the administration of this Plan in accordance with the intentions set forth in this paragraph). The Plan shall be interpreted and administered, to the extent possible, in accordance with these intentions. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, in the event that the Board determines that any payments or benefits may or do not comply with Section 409A, the Board may adopt such amendments to the Plan (without Participant consent) or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions, that the Board determines are necessary or appropriate to (i) exempt the Plan and any payments or benefits thereunder from the application of Section 409A, or (ii) comply with the requirements of Section 409A.

Section 5.05    Enforceability. The failure of Participants or the Company to insist upon strict adherence to any term of the Plan on any occasion shall not be considered a waiver of such party’s rights or deprive such party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that term or any other term of the Plan.

Section 5.06    Administration.

(a)    The Compensation Committee shall have full and final authority, subject to the express provisions of the Plan, with respect to designation of Participants and administration of the Plan, including but not limited to, the authority to construe and interpret any provisions of the Plan and to take all other actions deemed necessary or advisable for the proper administration of the Plan. The Compensation Committee may delegate any of its duties under the Plan to such individuals or entities from time to time as it may designate. The Compensation Committee shall utilize the records of the Company with respect to a Participant’s service history with the Company, compensation, absences, and all other relevant matters and such records shall be conclusive for all purposes under the Plan.

(b)    The Company shall indemnify and hold harmless each member of the Compensation Committee and any other employee of the Company that acts at the direction of the Compensation Committee against any and all expenses and liabilities arising out of his or her administrative functions or fiduciary responsibilities, including any expenses and liabilities that are caused by or result from an act or omission constituting the negligence of such member in the performance of such functions or responsibilities, but excluding expenses and liabilities that are caused by or result from such member’s or employee’s own gross negligence or willful cause. Expenses against which such member or employee shall be indemnified hereunder shall include, without limitation, the amounts of any settlement or judgment, costs, counsel fees, and related charges reasonably incurred in connection with a claim asserted or a proceeding brought or settlement thereof.

Section 5.07    Consolidations, Mergers, Etc. In the event of a merger, consolidation or other transaction, nothing herein shall relieve the Company from any of the obligations set forth in the Plan; provided, however, that nothing in this Section 5.07 shall prevent an acquirer of or Successor to the Company from assuming the obligations, or any portion thereof, of the Company hereunder pursuant to the terms of the Plan provided that such acquirer or Successor provides adequate assurances of its ability to meet this obligation. In the event that an acquirer of or Successor to the Company agrees to perform the Company’s obligations, or any portion thereof, hereunder, the Company shall require any person, firm or entity which becomes its Successor to expressly assume and agree to perform such obligations in writing, in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform hereunder if no such succession had taken place.

Section 5.08    Successors and Assigns. The Plan shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Company and its Successors and assigns. The Plan and all rights of each Participant shall inure to the

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benefit of and be enforceable by such Participant and his or her personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns. If any Participant should die while any amounts are due and payable to such Participant hereunder, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in accordance with the terms of the Plan to such Participant’s devisees, legatees or other designees or, if there be no such devisees, legatees or other designees, to such Participant’s estate. In the event of the death of any Participant during the Severance Period, dependents of such Participant shall be eligible to continue participation in any Continued Benefits in which the Participant was enrolled at the time of death. No payments, benefits or rights arising under the Plan may be assigned or pledged by any Participant, except under the laws of descent and distribution.

Section 5.09    Notices. All notices and other communications provided for in the Plan shall be in writing and shall be sent, delivered or mailed, addressed as follows: (a) if to the Company, at the Company’s principal office address or such other address as the Company may have designated by written notice to all Participants for purposes hereof, directed to the attention of the General Counsel, and (b) if to any Participant, at his or her residence address on the records of the Company or to such other address as he or she may have designated to the Company in writing for purposes hereof. Each such notice or other communication shall be deemed to have been duly given or mailed by United States certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, except that any change of notice address shall be effective only upon receipt.

Section 5.10    Tax Withholding. The Company shall have the right to deduct from any payment hereunder all taxes (federal, state or other) which it is required to be withhold therefrom.

Section 5.11    No Employment Rights Conferred. The Plan shall not be deemed to create a contract of employment between any Participant and the Company and/or its affiliates. Nothing contained in the Plan shall (a) confer upon any Participant any right with respect to continuation of employment with the Company or (b) subject to the rights and benefits of any Participant hereunder, interfere in any way with the right of the Company to terminate such Participant’s employment at any time.

Section 5.12    Entire Plan. The Plan contains the entire understanding of the Participants and the Company with respect to the severance arrangements maintained on behalf of the Participants by the Company, which are provided for herein. There are no restrictions, agreements, promises, warranties, covenants or undertakings between the Participants and the Company with respect to the subject matter herein other than those expressly provided for herein.

Section 5.13    Prior Agreements. The Plan supersedes all prior agreements, programs and understandings (including verbal agreements and understandings) between the Participants and the Company regarding the terms and conditions of Participant’s severance arrangements.

Section 5.14    Severability. If any provision of the Plan is, becomes or is deemed to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of the Plan shall not be affected thereby.

Section 5.15    Governing Law. The Plan shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to its conflict of laws rules, and applicable federal law.

[Remainder of the Page Intentionally Left Blank]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the secretary of the Company does hereby certify the adoption of the Plan on July 24, 2018 by the Encompass Health Corporation Board of Directors.

ENCOMPASS HEALTH CORPORATION

Ву:     /s/ Patrick Darby            

Name: Patrick Darby

Title: Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary

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SCHEDULE I

Participant Job TitleSeverance Multiplier

Chief Executive Officer                    3 times

Executive Vice President                    2 times

Senior Vice President, Regional President, or        1 time

the following positions:

Chief Accounting Officer

Chief Human Resources Officer

Chief Information Officer

Chief Medical Officer

Chief Compliance Officer

Treasurer

Chief Strategy & Development Officer

Chief Investor Relations Officer

Deputy General Counsel

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Exhibit A

RESTRICTED COVENANT AND RELEASE AGREEMENT
FOR EXECUTIVE EMPLOYEES ELIGIBLE FOR SEVERANCE

This Release Agreement (this “Agreement”) is entered into between __________________________ (“Executive”) and Encompass Health Corporation (the “Company”), pursuant^-to the terms and conditions of the Encompass Health Corporation Fifth Amended and Restated Executive Severance Plan, which is attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Severance Plan”).

WITNESSETH

WHEREAS, Executive is employed by the Company as ____________________ and is a “Participant” in the Severance Plan (as such term is defined in the Severance Plan);

WHEREAS, Executive’s last day of employment with the Company will be ______________ ___, _____, and such date shall be the “Termination Date” for purposes of this Agreement and the Severance Plan;

WHEREAS, Executive is eligible to receive the severance and other benefits under Section 3.01(a) of the Severance Plan, subject to the terms and conditions of the Severance Plan, including, but not limited to, Executive’s execution and delivery to the Company of this Agreement and it becoming effective;

WHEREAS, Executive has agreed to comply with, among other things, certain confidentiality, noncompetition and nonsolicitation provisions, which are provided below, and such provisions shall be fully enforceable by the Company; and

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company wish to settle, fully and finally, all matters between them under the terms and conditions exclusively set forth in this Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is mutually acknowledged, the Company and Executive agree as follows:

1.Severance. Provided that this Agreement becomes effective pursuant to Paragraph 4 of this Agreement:

(a)The Company shall pay the severance amount listed on Line 1 of Exhibit B attached hereto, subject to all applicable federal, state and local withholdings, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Severance Plan, paid out in a lump sum no later than sixty (60) days following the Termination Date. In the event any of such payment is subject to Section 409A and such 60-day period extends into a new calendar year, the Company shall deliver such payment to the Participant on the later of the first business day of that new year or the effective date of this Agreement.

(b)Executive will continue to be eligible to participate in the Company sponsored group healthcare benefits, (excluding disability insurance but specifically including medical, dental and vision plans), under which the Executive was covered immediately prior to the Termination Date, for the number of months listed on Line 2 of Exhibit B attached hereto_, after the Termination Date (the “Severance Period”), provided that Executive continues to contribute toward the premiums at the level of an active employee of the Company. Thereafter, Executive’s right to continue coverage under the Company sponsored group healthcare plan at Executive’s own expense, pursuant to the statutory scheme commonly known as

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“COBRA,” shall be governed by applicable law and the terms of the plans and programs, and will be explained to Executive in a packet to be sent to Executive under separate cover.

(c)Executive acknowledges and agrees that the severance payments and benefits provided in subsection (a) and (b) of Section 1 are subject to forfeiture and repayment and any awards relating to Common Stock shall be cancellable and/or forfeitable in the event of a material violation by Executive of Sections 6, 7, and/or 8 of this Agreement.

2.Release.

(a)    Executive, on behalf of Executive, Executive’s heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, hereby irrevocably and unconditionally releases the Company and its subsidiaries, divisions and affiliates, together with their respective owners, assigns, agents, directors, partners, officers, trustees, members, managers, employees, insurers, employee benefit programs (including, but not limited to, trustees, administrators, fiduciaries, and insurers of such programs), attorneys and representatives and any of their predecessors and successors and each of their estates, heirs and assigns (collectively, the “Company Releases”) from any and all charges, complaints, claims, liabilities, obligations, promises, agreements, causes of action, rights, costs, losses, debts and expenses of any nature whatsoever, known or unknown, which Executive or Executive’s heirs, executors, administrators, successors or assigns ever had, now have or hereafter can, will or may have (either directly, indirectly, derivatively or in any other representative capacity) by reason of any matter, fact or cause whatsoever against the Company or any of the other Company Releases from the beginning of time to the date upon which Executive signs this Agreement, including, but not limited to, any claims arising out of or relating to Executive’s employment with the Company and/or termination of employment from the Company. This release includes, without limitation, all claims arising out of, or relating to, Executive’s employment with the Company and the termination of Executive’s employment with the Company, including all claims for severance or termination benefits under Executive’s employment agreement with the Company, if any, and under any plan, policy or agreement (other than those benefits expressly payable hereunder) and all claims arising under any foreign, federal, state and local labor, laws including, without limitation, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, the Americans with Disabilities Act, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Family and Medical Leave Act, the Civil Rights Act of 1991, the Fair Labor Standards Act, the Equal Pay Act, the Immigration and Reform Control Act, the Uniform Services Employment and Re-Employment Act, the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Sarbanes-Oxley Act, Executive Order 11246, the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act, the False Claims Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the Alabama Age Discrimination Statute and the Workers’ Adjustment and Retraining Notification Act (and any similar state or local law), each as amended.

(b)Nothing in this Paragraph 2 shall be deemed to release (i) Executive’s right to enforce the terms of this Agreement; (ii) Executive’s rights, if any, to any vested benefits or options under any incentive, bonus, or other benefit plan maintained by the Company; (iii) any right to indemnification under the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation or its Amended and Restated By Laws; or (iv) any claim that cannot be waived under applicable law. Nothing in this Agreement prevents Executive from initiating a complaint with or participating in any legally authorized investigation or proceeding conducted by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission or any federal, state, or local law enforcement agency. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Executive agrees that Executive is waiving all rights to damages and all other forms of recovery arising out of any charge, complaint or lawsuit filed on behalf of Executive or any third party as to all claims waived in this Agreement.

(c)Executive acknowledges and agrees that the Company has fully satisfied any and all obligations owed to Executive arising out of Executive’s employment with the Company, and no further sums are owed to Executive by the Company or by any of the other Company Releasees at any time. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that the Company has paid Executive for all earned wages and accrued but unused paid time off through the Termination Date. By entering into this Agreement, Executive explicitly waives any rights to severance or other post-termination benefits under any oral or written plan, policy,

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employment agreement, contract or arrangement with the Company, other than as provided in this Agreement. Executive acknowledges and agrees that, in the absence of this Agreement, the Company has no obligation to provide any of the consideration set forth in Paragraph 1 of this Agreement. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that Executive has no rights to any unvested benefits or options under any incentive, bonus or other benefit plan, except as otherwise provided in the Severance Plan; and that all such vesting shall cease as of the Termination Date. Executive further acknowledges and agrees that any right to continue to contribute to the Company’s 401(k) plan for employees ended on the Termination Date. Furthermore, Executive acknowledges and agrees that the payments and benefits provided under Paragraph 1 of this Agreement shall not be included in any computation of earnings under the Company’s 401(k) plan or any other plan.

(d)Executive represents that Executive has no lawsuits pending against the Company or any of the other Company Releasees. Executive further covenants and agrees that neither Executive nor Executive’s heirs, executors, administrators, successors or assigns will be entitled to any personal recovery in any proceeding of any nature whatsoever against the Company or any of the other Company Releasees arising out of any of the matters released in Paragraph 2.

3.Consultation with Attorney/Voluntary Agreement. Executive acknowledges that (a) the Company is hereby advising Executive of Executive’s right to consult with an attorney of Executive’s own choosing prior to executing this Agreement, (b) Executive has carefully read and fully understands all of the provisions of this Agreement, and (c) Executive is entering into this Agreement, including the releases set forth in Paragraph 2 above, knowingly, freely and voluntarily in exchange for good and valuable consideration, including the obligations of the Company under this Agreement.

4.Consideration & Revocation Period.

(a)Executive acknowledges that Executive has been given at least twenty-one (21) calendar days following receipt of this Agreement to consider the terms of this Agreement, although Executive may execute it sooner.

(b)Executive will have seven (7) calendar days from the date on which Executive signs this Agreement to revoke Executive’s consent to the terms of this Agreement. Such revocation must be in writing and must be addressed and sent via facsimile as follows: Encompass Health Corporation, Attention: General Counsel, facsimile: 205-262-8692. Notice of such revocation must be received within the seven (7) calendar days referenced above. In the event of such revocation by Executive, this Agreement shall not become effective and Executive shall not have any rights under this Agreement or the Severance Plan.

(c)Provided that Executive does not revoke this Agreement, this Agreement shall become effective on the eighth calendar day after the date on which Executive signs this Agreement (the “Effective Date”).

5.Acknowledgements.

(a)    Executive acknowledges and agrees that: (i) the “Company Business” (as defined in Paragraph 9(a) below) is intensely competitive and that Executive’s employment by the Company required Executive to have access to, and knowledge of, “Confidential Information” (as defined in Paragraph 9(b) below); (ii) the use or disclosure of any Confidential Information could place the Company at a serious competitive disadvantage and could do serious damage, financial and otherwise, to the Company; (iii) Executive was given access to, and developed relationships with, employees, clients, patients, physicians and partners of the Company at the time and expense of the Company; and (iv) by Executive’s training, experience and expertise, Executive’s services to the Company were extraordinary, special and unique, and the Company invested in training and enhancing Executive’s skill and experience in the Company Business.

(b)Executive further acknowledges and agrees that (i) Executive’s experience and capabilities are such that the provisions contained in Paragraphs 6, 7, and 8 will not prevent Executive

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from earning a livelihood; (ii) the Company would be seriously and irreparably injured if Executive were to engage in “Competitive Activities” (as defined below), or to otherwise breach the obligations contained in Paragraphs 6, 7 and 8, no adequate remedy at-law would exist and damages would be difficult to determine; (iii) the provisions contained in Paragraphs 6, 7 and 8 are justified by and reasonably necessary to protect the legitimate business interests of the Company, including the Confidential Information and good will of the Company; and (iv) the provisions in Paragraphs 6, 7 and 8 are fair and reasonable in scope, duration and geographical limitations. Accordingly, Executive agrees to be bound fully by the restrictive covenants in this Agreement to the maximum extent permitted by law, it being the intent and spirit of the parties that the restrictive covenants and the other agreements contained herein shall be valid and enforceable in all respects.

6.    Confidentiality.

(a)Executive acknowledges and agrees that, from and after the Termination Date, and at all times thereafter, Executive will not communicate, divulge or disclose to any “Person” (as defined in Paragraph 9(c) below) or use for Executive’s own benefit or purpose any Confidential Information of the Company, except as required by law or court order or expressly authorized in writing by the Company; provided, however, that Executive shall promptly notify the Company prior to making any disclosure required by law or court order so that the Company may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy.

7.    Covenant Not to Compete.

From the Termination Date through the end of the Severance Period (the “Noncompetition Period”), Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, participate in the management, operation or control of, or have any financial or ownership interest in, or aid or knowingly assist anyone else in the conduct of, any business or entity that (i) engages in the Company Business in any Restricted Territory (as defined in Paragraph 9(d) below), or (ii) is, to Executive’s knowledge, making preparations for engaging in the Company Business in any Restricted Territory (collectively, “Competitive Activity”); provided, however, that (x) the “beneficial ownership” by Executive, either individually or as a member of a “group” (as such terms are used in Rule 13d of the General Rules and Regulations under the Exchange Act), of not more than one percent (1%) of the voting stock of any publicly held corporation shall not alone constitute a breach of this Paragraph 7 and (y) Executive may enter into, at arm’s length, any bona fide joint venture (or partnership or other business arrangement) with any Person who is not directly engaged in the Company Business but which is an affiliate of another Person engaged in the Company Business.

8.    Employee Nonsolicitation; Nondisparagement.

(a)Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, within the Noncompetition Period, without the prior written consent of the Company, solicit or direct any other Person to solicit any officer or other employee of the Company to: (i) terminate such officer’s or employee’s employment with the Company; or (ii) seek or accept employment or other affiliation with Executive or any Person engaged in any Competitive Activity in which Executive is directly or indirectly involved (other than, in each case, any solicitation directed at the public in general in publications available to the public in general or any contact which Executive can demonstrate was initiated by such officer, director or employee or any contact after such officer’s or employee’s employment with the Company is terminated). Executive’s obligations. under this Paragraph 8(a) with respect to new Company employees hired after the Termination Date shall be subject to the condition that Executive shall have been notified of such new employees.

(b)Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, within the Noncompetition Period, without the prior written consent of the Company, solicit or direct any other Person to solicit any Person or entity in a business relationship with the Company (whether an independent contractor, joint venture partner or otherwise) to terminated such Person or entity’s business relationship with the Company.

(c)Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, within the Noncompetition Period, make any statements or comments of a defamatory or disparaging nature to third parties regarding the Company

A-4

or any of their members, principals, officers, managers, directors, personnel, employees, agents, services or products; provided, however, that nothing contained in this Paragraph 8(b) shall preclude Executive from providing truthful testimony in response to a valid subpoena, court order, regulatory request or as may be required by law.

9.    Definitions.

(a)For the purposes of this Agreement, the “Company Business” shall mean the business of owning, operating or managing inpatient rehabilitation facilities offering a range of rehabilitative health care services, and services directly ancillary thereto for which the Company receives compensation.

(b)For purposes of this Agreement, “Confidential Information” includes, but is not limited to, certain or all of the Company’s and its patients’, physicians’ and third-party managed care providers’ supply agreement arrangements, regulatory packages, registration packages, data compensation packages, methods, information, systems, plans for acquisition or disposition of products, expansion plans, financial status and plans, customer lists, client data, personnel information, consulting reports, investigative reports, Personal Health Information (PHI), strategic plans and trade secrets.

(c)For the purposes of this Agreement, “Person” shall mean an individual, corporation, joint venture, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint stock or other company, business trust, trust or other entity or organization, including any national, federal, state, territorial agency, local or foreign judicial, legislative, executive, regulatory or administrative authority, commission, court, tribunal, any political or other subdivision, department or branch of any of the foregoing, and any self regulatory organization or arbitrator.

(d)For the purposes of this Agreement, the “Restricted Territory” means the area within seventy-five (75) miles of any location where an inpatient rehabilitation facility, which is owned or operated by the Company, is located as of the Termination Date.

10.Notice to the Company. In the event that Executive accepts employment with another party at any time during the Severance Period, Executive shall inform the Company in writing on or before the commencement date of such employment and provide the Company with such other information relating to available health and welfare benefits as a result of said employment as required by Section 3.03(a) of the Severance Plan.

11.Duty to Inform. Executive shall inform in writing any Person, who seeks to employ or engage Executive in any capacity, of Executive’s obligations under Paragraphs 6, 7 and 8 of this Agreement, prior to accepting such employment or engagement.

12.Company Property. Executive represents that Executive has returned to the Company all property of the Company. Such property includes, but is not limited to, laptop computers, BlackBerry, printers, other computer equipment (including computers, printers and equipment paid-for by the Company for use at Executive’s residence), cellular phones and pagers, keys, security passes, passwords, work files, records, credit cards, building ID’s and all other Company property in Executive’s possession on the last day of Executive’s employment with the Company. Following the Termination Date, the Company shall also have no obligation to continue to make payments under any car loan or corporate membership provided to Executive as an employee of the Company.

13.No Admission of Wrongdoing. Nothing herein is to be deemed to constitute an admission of wrongdoing by the Company or any of the other Company Releasees.

14.Assignment. This Agreement is binding on, and will inure to the benefit of, the Company and the other Company Releasees. All rights of Executive under this Agreement shall inure to the

A-5

benefit of, and be enforceable by, Executive’s personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributes, devisees and legatees.

14.    Injunctive Relief. Executive agrees that the Company would suffer irreparable harm if Executive were to breach, or threaten to breach, any provision of this Agreement and that the Company would by reason of such breach, or threatened breach, be entitled to injunctive relief in a court of appropriate jurisdiction, without the need to post any bond, and Executive further consents and stipulates to the entry of such injunctive relief in such a court prohibiting Executive from breaching this Agreement. This Paragraph 14 shall not, however, diminish the right of the Company to claim and recover damages and other appropriate relief, including but not limited to repayment of any severance payments or benefits provided to Executive, in addition to injunctive relief.

15.Severability. In the event that any one or more_, of the provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby. Moreover, if any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall be held to be excessively broad as to duration, activity or subject, such provisions shall be construed by limiting and reducing them so as to be enforceable to the maximum extent allowed by applicable law. Furthermore, a determination in any jurisdiction that this Agreement, in whole or in part, is invalid, illegal or unenforceable shall not in any way affect or impair the validity, legality or enforceability of this Agreement in any other jurisdiction.

16.Waiver. The failure of either party to this Agreement to enforce any of its terms, provisions or covenants shall not be construed as a waiver of the same or of the right of such party to enforce the same. Waiver by either party hereto of any breach or default by the other party of any term or provision of this Agreement shall not operate as a waiver of any other breach or default.

17.No Oral Modifications. This Agreement may not be changed orally, but may be changed only in a writing signed by Executive and a duly authorized representative of the Company.

18.Governing Law; Venue. This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to the application of any choice-of-law rules that would result in the application of another state’s laws. With respect to any action, suit or proceeding, each party irrevocably (i) submits to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Delaware and the United States District Court of the District of Delaware, and (ii) waives any objection which it may have at any time to the laying of venue of any proceeding brought in any such court, waives any claim that such proceedings have been brought in an inconvenient forum and further waives the right to object, with respect to such proceedings, that such court does not have jurisdiction over such party.

19.Entire Agreement. This Agreement sets forth the entire understanding between Executive and the Company, and supersedes all prior agreements, representations, discussions, and understandings concerning their subject matter. Executive represents that, in executing this Agreement, Executive has not relied upon any representation or statement made by the Company or any other Company Releases, other than those set forth herein, with regard to the subject matter, basis or effect of this Agreement or otherwise.

20.Descriptive Headings. The paragraph headings contained herein are for reference purposes only and will not in any way affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement.

21.Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but all of which shall constitute but one and the same agreement.

A-6

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Executive and the Company have executed this Agreement on the date indicated below.

ENCOMPASS HEALTH CORPORATION

By:

Date

EXECUTIVE

Name:

Date

A-7

EXHIBIT A

[INSERT SEVERANCE PLAN]

A-8

EXHIBIT B

Name:        

1.        Severance Amount:    $        

2.        Months:        

B-1

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Mark J. Tarr, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Encompass Health Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	October 31, 2018
		By:	/s/ MARK J. TARR
			Mark J. Tarr
			President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Douglas E. Coltharp, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Encompass Health Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:	October 31, 2018
		By:	/s/ DOUGLAS E. COLTHARP
			Douglas E. Coltharp
			Executive Vice President and
			Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATE OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED

PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Encompass Health Corporation on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Mark J. Tarr, President and Chief Executive Officer of Encompass Health Corporation, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge and belief:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Encompass Health Corporation.

Date:	October 31, 2018
		By:	/s/ MARK J. TARR
			Mark J. Tarr
			President and Chief Executive Officer

A signed original of this written statement has been provided to Encompass Health Corporation and will be retained by Encompass Health Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.  This written statement shall not, except to the extent required by the 2002 Act, be deemed filed by Encompass Health Corporation for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that Encompass Health Corporation specifically incorporates it by reference.

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATE OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED

PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Encompass Health Corporation on Form 10-Q for the period ended September 30, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Douglas E. Coltharp, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Encompass Health Corporation, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge and belief:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Encompass Health Corporation.

Date:	October 31, 2018
		By:	/s/ DOUGLAS E. COLTHARP
			Douglas E. Coltharp
			Executive Vice President and
			Chief Financial Officer

A signed original of this written statement has been provided to Encompass Health Corporation and will be retained by Encompass Health Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.  This written statement shall not, except to the extent required by the 2002 Act, be deemed filed by Encompass Health Corporation for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that Encompass Health Corporation specifically incorporates it by reference.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Oct. 25, 2018
Document and Entity Information [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	ENCOMPASS HEALTH CORP
Entity Central Index Key	0000785161
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2018
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2018
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Amendment Flag	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		98,928,266
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Income Statement [Abstract]
Net operating revenues	$ 1,067.6	$ 981.6	$ 3,181.3	$ 2,905.1
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	592.3	542.1	1,740.7	1,600.0
Other operating expenses	142.9	136.2	433.5	393.3
Occupancy costs	19.6	18.6	57.7	54.8
Supplies	38.6	36.5	117.8	110.6
General and administrative expenses	49.9	39.7	165.9	128.6
Depreciation and amortization	51.2	46.2	146.8	137.2
Total operating expenses	894.5	819.3	2,662.4	2,424.5
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0.0	0.3	0.0	10.7
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	37.3	36.8	110.6	118.5
Other income	(1.7)	(1.0)	(2.9)	(2.9)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(2.1)	(2.1)	(6.4)	(6.2)
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	139.6	128.3	417.6	360.5
Provision for income tax expense	30.2	43.1	89.5	111.4
Income from continuing operations	109.4	85.2	328.1	249.1
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1)	(0.1)	(0.4)	(0.2)
Net income	109.3	85.1	327.7	248.9
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(20.7)	(19.2)	(63.5)	(53.2)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$ 88.6	$ 65.9	$ 264.2	$ 195.7
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic (shares)	98.0	97.8	97.9	92.3
Diluted (shares)	100.0	99.0	99.7	99.1
Basic earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ 0.90	$ 0.67	$ 2.69	$ 2.11
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Net Income (in dollars per share)	0.90	0.67	2.69	2.11
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	0.89	0.67	2.65	2.08
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Net income (in dollars per share)	0.89	0.67	2.65	2.08
Cash dividends per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.27	$ 0.25	$ 0.77	$ 0.73
Amounts attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Income from continuing operations	$ 88.7	$ 66.0	$ 264.6	$ 195.9
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1)	(0.1)	(0.4)	(0.2)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$ 88.6	$ 65.9	$ 264.2	$ 195.7

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Net income	$ 109.3	$ 85.1	$ 327.7	$ 248.9
Net change in unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities:
Unrealized net holding gain arising during the period	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.5
Other comprehensive income before income taxes	0.0	0.1	0.0	0.5
Provision for income tax expense related to other comprehensive income items	0.0	(0.1)	0.0	(0.2)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3
Comprehensive income	109.3	85.1	327.7	249.2
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(20.7)	(19.2)	(63.5)	(53.2)
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$ 88.6	$ 65.9	$ 264.2	$ 196.0

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 56.9		$ 54.4	$ 67.6	$ 40.5
Restricted cash	62.1		62.4	70.8	60.9
Accounts receivable	458.0		472.1
Other current assets	61.0		113.3
Total current assets	638.0		702.2
Property and equipment, net	1,591.0		1,517.1
Goodwill	2,081.1		1,972.6
Intangible assets, net	443.2		403.1
Deferred income tax assets	82.6		63.6
Other long-term assets	296.0		235.1
Total assets	5,131.9	[1]	4,893.7
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	37.1		32.3
Accounts payable	86.0		78.4
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	486.5		406.8
Total current liabilities	609.6		517.5
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,503.9		2,545.4
Other long-term liabilities	198.2		185.3
Total Liabilities	3,311.7		3,248.2
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	236.5		220.9
Shareholders’ equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		1,181.7
Noncontrolling interests	265.2		242.9
Total shareholders’ equity	1,583.7		1,424.6	$ 1,373.2	$ 928.7
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 5,131.9	[1]	$ 4,893.7

[1] Our consolidated assets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total assets of variable interest entities of $288.6 million and $264.1 million, respectively, which cannot be used by us to settle the obligations of other entities. Our consolidated liabilities as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total liabilities of the variable interest entities of $81.5 million and $52.5 million, respectively. See Note 3, Variable Interest Entities.

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Total assets of variable interest entities	$ 288.6	$ 264.1
Total liabilities of variable interest entities	$ 81.5	$ 52.5

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	Total	Common Stock	Capital in Excess of Par Value	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	Treasury Stock	Noncontrolling Interests
Balance at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2016	$ 928.7	$ 1.1	$ 2,799.1	$ (1,448.4)	$ (1.2)	$ (614.7)	$ 192.8
Balance at beginning of period (shares) at Dec. 31, 2016		88.9
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	239.0			195.7			43.3
Receipt of treasury stock	(19.8)					(19.8)
Receipt of treasury stock (shares)		(0.9)
Dividends declared on common stock	(70.3)		(70.3)
Stock-based compensation	15.2		15.2
Stock options exercised	1.1		20.4			(19.3)
Stock options exercised (shares)		1.1
Stock warrants exercised	26.6		26.6
Stock warrants exercised (shares)		0.7
Distributions declared	(37.1)						(37.1)
Capital contributions from consolidated affiliates	37.8						37.8
Fair value adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interests, net of tax	(44.4)		(44.4)
Repurchases of common stock in open market	(38.1)					(38.1)
Repurchases of common stock in open market (shares)		(0.9)
Conversion of convertible debt, net of tax (shares)		8.9
Conversion of convertible debt, net of tax			53.7
Conversion of convertible debt, net of tax	328.2					274.5
Other	6.3	$ 0.0	5.7	1.1	0.3	(0.8)	0.0
Other (shares)		0.5
Balance at end of period at Sep. 30, 2017	1,373.2	$ 1.1	2,806.0	(1,251.6)	(0.9)	(418.2)	236.8
Balance at end of period (shares) at Sep. 30, 2017		98.3
Balance at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2017	1,424.6	$ 1.1	2,791.4	(1,191.0)	(1.3)	(418.5)	242.9
Balance at beginning of period (shares) at Dec. 31, 2017		98.3
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	317.4			264.2			53.2
Receipt of treasury stock	(8.3)					(8.3)
Receipt of treasury stock (shares)		(0.2)
Dividends declared on common stock	(76.7)		(76.7)
Stock-based compensation	20.6		20.6
Stock options exercised	3.2		3.2			0.0
Stock options exercised (shares)		0.1
Distributions declared	(53.7)						(53.7)
Capital contributions from consolidated affiliates	22.8						22.8
Fair value adjustments to redeemable noncontrolling interests, net of tax	(66.1)		(66.1)
Other	(0.1)		0.8	(1.3)	1.3	(0.9)	0.0
Other (shares)		0.7
Balance at end of period at Sep. 30, 2018	$ 1,583.7	$ 1.1	$ 2,673.2	$ (928.1)	$ 0.0	$ (427.7)	$ 265.2
Balance at end of period (shares) at Sep. 30, 2018		98.9

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$ 327.7	$ 248.9
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	0.4	0.2
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities—
Depreciation and amortization	146.8	137.2
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0.0	10.7
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(6.4)	(6.2)
Stock-based compensation	65.6	37.9
Deferred tax (benefit) expense	(8.0)	51.3
Other, net	11.5	16.4
Change in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions—
Accounts receivable	12.3	(11.5)
Other assets	15.3	(7.4)
Accounts payable	0.0	6.1
Accrued payroll	(6.7)	3.1
Accrued interest payable	8.2	7.3
Other liabilities	18.0	13.6
Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations	(0.7)	(0.7)
Total adjustments	255.9	257.8
Net cash provided by operating activities	584.0	506.9
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(171.5)	(155.7)
Additions to capitalized software costs	(13.2)	(14.6)
Net cash paid for acquisition	(135.8)	(36.6)
Other, net	(5.8)	7.6
Net cash used in investing activities	(326.3)	(199.3)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments	(16.1)	(125.4)
Borrowings on revolving credit facility	285.0	241.3
Payments on revolving credit facility	(315.0)	(255.3)
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses	0.0	(38.1)
Dividends paid on common stock	(74.4)	(67.0)
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates	(65.1)	0.0
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants	0.0	26.6
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates	(56.5)	(38.3)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld	(8.3)	(19.8)
Other, net	(3.1)	5.4
Net cash used in financing activities	(253.5)	(270.6)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	4.2	37.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	116.8	101.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	121.0	138.4
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	54.4	40.5
Restricted cash at beginning of period	62.4	60.9
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	116.8	101.4
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	56.9	67.6
Restricted cash at end of period	62.1	70.8
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period	2.0	0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	121.0	138.4
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity
Conversion of convertible debt	$ 0.0	$ 319.4

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Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

Encompass Health Corporation, incorporated in Delaware in 1984, including its subsidiaries, is one of the nation’s largest providers of post-acute healthcare services, offering both facility-based and home-based patient services in 36 states and Puerto Rico through its network of inpatient rehabilitation hospitals, home health agencies, and hospice agencies. Effective January 1, 2018, we changed our name from HealthSouth Corporation to Encompass Health Corporation. Our operations in both business segments will transition to the Encompass Health name on a rolling basis.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Encompass Health Corporation and Subsidiaries should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes contained in Encompass Health’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2018 (the “2017 Form 10-K”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC applicable to interim financial information. Certain information and note disclosures included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America have been omitted in these interim statements, as allowed by such SEC rules and regulations. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2017 has been derived from audited financial statements, but it does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. However, we believe the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

The unaudited results of operations for the interim periods shown in these financial statements are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the entire year. In our opinion, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements recognize all adjustments of a normal recurring nature considered necessary to fairly state the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for each interim period presented.

See also Note 11, Segment Reporting.

Net Operating Revenues—

Our Net operating revenues disaggregated by payor source and segment are as follows (in millions):

	Inpatient Rehabilitation				Home Health and Hospice				Consolidated
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	$	600.5	$	576.3	$	205.7	$	169.9	$	806.2	$	746.2
Medicare Advantage	75.0		63.5		22.7		19.1		97.7		82.6
Managed care	85.1		82.8		8.6		7.8		93.7		90.6
Medicaid	25.7		25.5		4.1		0.9		29.8		26.4
Other third-party payors	11.8		12.5		—		—		11.8		12.5
Workers’ compensation	6.9		7.2		0.5		—		7.4		7.2
Patients	5.3		4.6		0.1		0.2		5.4		4.8
Other income	15.3		11.1		0.3		0.2		15.6		11.3
Total	$	825.6	$	783.5	$	242.0	$	198.1	$	1,067.6	$	981.6

	Inpatient Rehabilitation				Home Health and Hospice				Consolidated
	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	$	1,832.1	$	1,719.2	$	581.8	$	483.7	$	2,413.9	$	2,202.9
Medicare Advantage	226.2		195.4		64.5		56.4		290.7		251.8
Managed care	256.7		253.0		24.9		21.5		281.6		274.5
Medicaid	77.2		70.2		7.3		3.3		84.5		73.5
Other third-party payors	36.5		36.4		—		—		36.5		36.4
Workers’ compensation	21.1		21.1		0.8		0.1		21.9		21.2
Patients	14.1		13.0		0.8		0.6		14.9		13.6
Other income	36.6		30.6		0.7		0.6		37.3		31.2
Total	$	2,500.5	$	2,338.9	$	680.8	$	566.2	$	3,181.3	$	2,905.1

We record Net operating revenues on an accrual basis using our best estimate of the transaction price for the type of service provided to the patient. Our estimate of the transaction price includes estimates of price concessions for such items as contractual allowances, potential adjustments that may arise from payment and other reviews, and uncollectible amounts. Our accounting systems calculate contractual allowances on a patient-by-patient basis based on the rates in effect for each primary third-party payor. Adjustments related to payment reviews by third-party payors or their agents are based on our historical experience and success rates in the claims adjudication process.Estimates for uncollectible amounts are based on the aging of our accounts receivable, our historical collection experience for each type of payor, and other relevant factors.

Management continually reviews the revenue transaction price estimation process to consider and incorporate updates to laws and regulations and the frequent changes in managed care contractual terms that result from contract renegotiations and renewals. Due to complexities involved in determining amounts ultimately due under reimbursement arrangements with third-party payors, which are often subject to interpretation, we may receive reimbursement for healthcare services authorized and provided that is different from our estimates, and such differences could be material. In addition, laws and regulations governing the Medicare and Medicaid programs are complex, subject to interpretation, and are routinely modified for provider reimbursement. All healthcare providers participating in the Medicare and Medicaid programs are required to meet certain financial reporting requirements. Federal regulations require submission of annual cost reports covering medical costs and expenses associated with the services provided under each hospital, home health, and hospice provider number to program beneficiaries. Annual cost reports required under the Medicare and Medicaid programs are subject to routine audits, which may result in adjustments to the amounts ultimately determined to be due to Encompass Health under these reimbursement programs. These audits often require several years to reach the final determination of amounts earned under the programs. If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) has been granted authority to suspend payments, in whole or in part, to Medicare providers if CMS possesses reliable information an overpayment, fraud, or willful misrepresentation exists. If CMS suspects payments are being made as the result of fraud or misrepresentation, CMS may suspend payment at any time without providing prior notice to us. The initial suspension period is limited to 180 days. However, the payment suspension period can be extended almost indefinitely if the matter is under investigation by the United States Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General (the “HHS-OIG”) or the United States Department of Justice (the “DOJ”). Therefore, we are unable to predict if or when we may be subject to a suspension of payments by the Medicare and/or Medicaid programs, the possible length of the suspension period, or the potential cash flow impact of a payment suspension. Any such suspension would adversely impact our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

Pursuant to legislative directives and authorizations from Congress, CMS has developed and instituted various Medicare audit programs under which CMS contracts with private companies to conduct claims and medical record audits. As a matter of course, we undertake significant efforts through training and education to ensure compliance with Medicare requirements. However, audits may lead to assertions we have been underpaid or overpaid by Medicare or submitted improper claims in some instances, require us to incur additional costs to respond to requests for records and defend the validity of payments and claims, and ultimately require us to refund any amounts determined to have been overpaid. In some circumstances auditors assert the authority to extrapolate denial rationales to large pools of claims not actually audited, which could increase the impact of the audit. We cannot predict when or how these audit programs will affect us.

Medicare Administrative Contractors (“MACs”), under programs known as “widespread probes,” have conducted pre-payment claim reviews of our Medicare billings and in some cases denied payment for certain diagnosis codes. The majority of the denials we have encountered in these probes relate to determinations regarding medical necessity and provision of therapy services. We dispute, or “appeal,” most of these denials, and for claims we choose to take to administrative law judge hearings, we have historically experienced a success rate of approximately70%. This historical success rate is a component of our estimate of transaction price as discussed above. The resolution of these disputes can take in excess of three years, and we cannot provide assurance as to our ongoing and future success of these disputes. When the amount collected related to denied claims differs from the amount previously estimated, these collection differences are recorded as an adjustment to Net operating revenues.

In August 2017, CMS announced the Targeted Probe and Educate (“TPE”) initiative. Under the TPE initiative, MACs use data analysis to identify healthcare providers with high claim error rates and items and services that have high national error rates. Once a MAC selects a provider for claims review, the initial volume of claims review is limited to 20 to 40 claims. The TPE initiative includes up to three rounds of claims review if necessary with corresponding provider education and a subsequent period to allow for improvement. If results do not improve sufficiently after three rounds, the MAC may refer the provider to CMS for further action, which may include extrapolation of error rates to a broader universe of claims or referral to a ZPIC or RAC (defined below). We cannot predict the impact of the TPE initiative on our ability to collect claims on a timely basis.

In connection with CMS approved and announced Recovery Audit Contractors (“RACs”) audits related to inpatient rehabilitation facilities (“IRFs”), we received requests from 2013 to 2017 to review certain patient files for discharges occurring from 2010 to 2017. These RAC audits are focused on identifying Medicare claims that may contain improper payments. RAC contractors must have CMS approval before conducting these focused reviews which cover issues ranging from billing documentation to medical necessity. Medical necessity is an assessment by an independent physician of a patient’s ability to tolerate and benefit from intensive multi-disciplinary therapy provided in an IRF setting.

CMS has also established contractors known as the Zone Program Integrity Contractors (“ZPICs”). These contractors conduct audits with a focus on potential fraud and abuse issues. Like the RACs, the ZPICs conduct audits and have the ability to refer matters to the HHS-OIG or the DOJ. Unlike RACs, however, ZPICs do not receive a specific financial incentive based on the amount of the error as a result of ZPIC audits. We have, from time to time, received ZPIC record requests which have resulted in claim denials on paid claims. We have appealed substantially all ZPIC denials arising from these audits using the same process we follow for appealing other denials by contractors.

To date, the Medicare claims that are subject to these post-payment audit requests represent less than 1% of our Medicare patient discharges from 2010 to 2017, and not all of these patient file requests have resulted in payment denial determinations by the audit contractor. Because we have confidence in the medical judgment of both the referring and admitting physicians who assess the treatment needs of their patients, we have appealed substantially all claim denials arising from these audits using the same process we follow for appealing denials of certain diagnosis codes by MACs. Due to the delays announced by CMS in the related adjudication process, we believe the resolution of any claims that are subsequently denied as a result of these claim audits could take in excess of three years. In addition, because we have limited experience with ZPICs and RACs in the context of claims reviews of this nature, we cannot provide assurance as to the timing or outcomes of these disputes. As such, we make estimates for these claims based on our historical experience and success rates in the claims adjudication process, which is the same process we follow for appealing denials of certain diagnosis codes by MACs. The impact on our estimates of amounts determined to be due to Encompass Health as a result of these audits during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was not material.

Our performance obligations relate to contracts with a duration of less than one year. Therefore, we elected to apply the optional exemption to not disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. These unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations primarily relate to services provided at the end of the reporting period.

We are subject to changes in government legislation that could impact Medicare payment levels and changes in payor patterns that may impact the level and timing of payments for services rendered.

Inpatient Rehabilitation Revenues

Inpatient rehabilitation segment revenues are recognized over time as the services are provided to the patient. The performance obligation is the rendering of services to the patient during the term of their inpatient stay. Revenues are recognized (or measured) using the input method as therapy, nursing, and auxiliary services are provided based on our estimate of the respective transaction price. Revenues recognized by our inpatient rehabilitation segment are subject to a number of elements which impact both the overall amount of revenue realized as well as the timing of the collection of the related accounts receivable. Factors considered in determining the estimated transaction price include the patient’s total length of stay for in-house patients, each patient’s discharge destination, the proportion of patients with secondary insurance coverage and the level of reimbursement under that secondary coverage, and the amount of charges that will be disallowed by payors. Such additional factors are assumed to remain consistent with the experience for patients discharged in similar time periods for the same payor classes.

Home Health and Hospice Revenues

Home Health

Under the Medicare home health prospective payment system, we are paid by Medicare based on episodes of care. The performance obligation is the rendering of services to the patient during the term of the episode of care. An episode of care is defined as a length of stay up to 60 days, with multiple continuous episodes allowed. A base episode payment is established by the Medicare program through federal regulation. The base episode payment can be adjusted based on each patient’s health including clinical condition, functional abilities, and service needs, as well as for the applicable geographic wage index, low utilization, patient transfers, and other factors. The services covered by the episode payment include all disciplines of care in addition to medical supplies.

We bill a portion of reimbursement from each Medicare episode near the start of each episode, and the resulting cash payment is typically received before all services are rendered. As we provide home health services to our patients on a scheduled basis over the episode of care in a manner that approximates a pro rata pattern, revenue for the episode of care is recorded over an average length of treatment period using a calendar day prorating method. The amount of revenue recognized for episodes of care which are incomplete at period end is based on the pro rata number of days in the episode which have been completed as of the period end date. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the difference between the cash received from Medicare for a request for anticipated payment on episodes in progress and the associated estimated revenue was not material and was recorded in Other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We are subject to certain Medicare regulations affecting outlier revenue if our patient’s care was unusually costly. Regulations require a cap on all outlier revenue at 10% of total Medicare revenue received by each provider during a cost reporting year. Management has reviewed the potential cap. Adjustments to the transaction price for the outlier cap were not material as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

For episodic-based rates that are paid by other insurance carriers, including Medicare Advantage, we recognize revenue in a similar manner as discussed above for Medicare revenues. However, these rates can vary based upon the negotiated terms. For non-episodic-based revenue, revenue is recorded on an accrual basis based upon the date of service at amounts equal to our estimated per-visit transaction price. Price concessions, including contractual allowances for the differences between our standard rates and the applicable contracted rates, as well as estimated uncollectible amounts from patients, are recorded as decreases to the transaction price.

Hospice

Medicare revenues for hospice are recognized and recorded on an accrual basis using the input method based on the number of days a patient has been on service at amounts equal to an estimated daily or hourly payment rate. The performance obligation is the rendering of services to the patient during each day that they are on hospice care. The payment rate is dependent on whether a patient is receiving routine home care, general inpatient care, continuous home care or respite care. Adjustments to Medicare revenues are recorded based on an inability to obtain appropriate billing documentation or authorizations acceptable to the payor or other reasons unrelated to credit risk. Hospice companies are subject to two specific payment limit caps under the Medicare program. One limit relates to inpatient care days that exceed 20% of the total days of hospice care provided for the year. The second limit relates to an aggregate Medicare reimbursement cap calculated by the MAC. Adjustments to the transaction price for these caps were not material as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

For non-Medicare hospice revenues, we record gross revenue on an accrual basis based upon the date of service at amounts equal to our estimated per day transaction price. Price concessions, including contractual adjustments for the difference between our standard rates and the amounts estimated to be realizable from patients and third parties for services provided, are recorded as decreases to the transaction price and thus reduce our Net operating revenues.

Marketable Securities—

Effective January 1, 2018, in connection with the adoption of ASU 2016-01, we record all equity securities with readily determinable fair values and for which we do not exercise significant influence at fair value and record the change in fair value for the reporting period in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Prior to January 1, 2018, we recorded all equity securities with readily determinable fair values and for which we did not exercise significant influence as available-for-sale securities. We carried the available-for-sale securities at fair value and reported unrealized holding gains or losses, net of income taxes, in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, which is a separate component of shareholders’ equity. We recognized realized gains and losses in our consolidated statements of operations using the specific identification method. Unrealized losses were charged against earnings when a decline in fair value was determined to be other than temporary. Management reviewed several factors to determine whether a loss was other than temporary, such as the length of time a security is in an unrealized loss position, the extent to which fair value is less than cost, the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, industry, or geographic area and our ability and intent to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

Accounts Receivable—

We report accounts receivable from services rendered at their estimated transaction price which takes into account price concessions from federal and state agencies (under the Medicare and Medicaid programs), managed care health plans, commercial insurance companies, workers’ compensation programs, employers, and patients. Our accounts receivable are concentrated by type of payor. The concentration of patient service accounts receivable by payor class, as a percentage of total patient service accounts receivable, is as follows:

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Medicare	74.5	%	75.1	%
Managed care and other discount plans, including Medicare Advantage	17.8	%	17.4	%
Medicaid	2.8	%	2.4	%
Other third-party payors	2.8	%	2.9	%
Workers' compensation	1.2	%	1.3	%
Patients	0.9	%	0.9	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

While revenues and accounts receivable from the Medicare program are significant to our operations, we do not believe there are significant credit risks associated with this government agency. We do not believe there are any other significant concentrations of revenues from any particular payor that would subject us to any significant credit risks in the collection of our accounts receivable.

Accounts requiring collection efforts are reviewed via system-generated work queues that automatically stage (based on age and size of outstanding balance) accounts requiring collection efforts for patient account representatives. Collection efforts include contacting the applicable party (both in writing and by telephone), providing information (both financial and clinical) to allow for payment or to overturn payor decisions to deny payment, and arranging payment plans with self-pay patients, among other techniques. When we determine all in-house efforts have been exhausted or it is a more prudent use of resources, accounts may be turned over to a collection agency.

The collection of outstanding receivables from Medicare, managed care payors, other third-party payors, and patients is our primary source of cash and is critical to our operating performance. While it is our policy to verify insurance prior to a patient being admitted, there are various exceptions that can occur. Such exceptions include instances where we are (1) unable to obtain verification because the patient’s insurance company was unable to be reached or contacted, (2) a determination is made that a patient may be eligible for benefits under various government programs, such as Medicaid, and it takes several days, weeks, or months before qualification for such benefits is confirmed or denied, and (3) the patient is transferred to our hospital from an acute care hospital without having access to a credit card, cash, or check to pay the applicable patient responsibility amounts (i.e., deductibles and co-payments).

Our primary collection risks relate to patient responsibility amounts and claims reviews conducted by MACs or other contractors. Patient responsibility amounts include accounts for which the patient was the primary payor or the primary insurance carrier has paid the amounts covered by the applicable agreement, but patient co-payment amounts remain outstanding. Changes in the economy, such as increased unemployment rates or periods of recession, can further exacerbate our ability to collect patient responsibility amounts.

If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material. Changes in general economic conditions, business office operations, payor mix, or trends in federal or state governmental and private employer healthcare coverage could affect our collection of accounts receivable, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements—

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” and has subsequently issued supplemental and/or clarifying ASUs (collectively “ASC 606”). ASC 606 outlines a five-step framework that supersedes the principles for recognizing revenue and eliminates industry-specific guidance. In addition, ASC 606 revises current disclosure requirements in an effort to help financial statement users better understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. We adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective model. The primary impact of adopting under ASC 606 is that all amounts we previously presented as Provision for doubtful accounts are now considered an implicit price concession in determining Net operating revenues. Such concessions reduce the transaction price and therefore Net operating revenues, as shown below. Adopting ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective transition method had the following impact to our previously reported condensed consolidated statements of operations (in millions):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017							For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment for ASC 606			Restated		As Previously Reported		Adjustment for ASC 606			Restated
Net operating revenues	$	995.6	$	(14.0	)	$	981.6	$	2,951.7	$	(46.6	)	$	2,905.1
Provision for doubtful accounts	$	12.6	$	(12.6	)	$	—	$	42.7	$	(42.7	)	$	—
Other operating expenses	$	137.6	$	(1.4	)	$	136.2	$	397.2	$	(3.9	)	$	393.3
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9	$	—		$	65.9	$	195.7	$	—		$	195.7

In addition, the adoption of ASC 606 resulted in increased disclosure, including qualitative and quantitative disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. See the "Net Operating Revenues" and "Accounts Receivable" sections of this note. Except for the adjustments discussed above, the adoption of ASC 606 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments - Overall (Topic 825): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” This standard revises the classification and measurement of investments in certain equity investments and the presentation of certain fair value changes for certain financial liabilities measured at fair value. This revised standard requires the change in fair value of many equity investments to be recognized in Net income. This revised standard requires a modified retrospective application with a cumulative effect adjustment recognized in retained earnings as of the date of adoption and was effective for our interim and annual periods beginning January 1, 2018. During the first quarter of 2018, we recognized mark-to-market gains and losses associated with our available-for-sale equity securities through Net income instead of Accumulated other comprehensive income. The adoption of this guidance resulted in an immaterial impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements. See the "Marketable Securities" section of this note.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,” to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. In addition, the standard clarifies when cash receipts and cash payments have aspects of more than one class of cash flows and cannot be separated, classification will depend on the predominant source or use. The new guidance requires retrospective application and was effective for our annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The clarification that debt prepayment premiums or debt extinguishment costs should be classified as financing activities resulted in an immaterial increase in operating cash inflows and a corresponding increase in financing cash outflows on our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2017, when presented.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Restricted Cash,” to clarify how entities should present restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance requires amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included with Cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the total beginning and ending amounts for the periods shown on the statement of cash flows. The new guidance requires retrospective application and is effective for our annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The adoption of this guidance resulted in an immaterial decrease to previously reported Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and a corresponding increase to previously reported Increase in cash and cash equivalents (which is now captioned Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, pursuant to the adoption of this guidance). In addition, as noted above, we added a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted—

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” and has subsequently issued supplemental and/or clarifying ASUs (collectively “ASC 842”), in order to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. Under ASC 842, lessees will recognize a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability for all leases other than leases that meet the definition of a short-term lease. The liability will be equal to the present value of future minimum lease payments. The asset will be based on the liability, subject to adjustment, such as for initial direct costs. For income statement purposes, the FASB retained a dual model, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance. Operating leases will result in straight-line expense while finance leases will result in an expense pattern similar to current capital leases. Classification will be based on criteria that are similar to those applied in current lease accounting. ASC 842 will be effective for our annual reporting period beginning on January 1, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. We currently plan to adopt ASC 842 in the first quarter of 2019 using the modified retrospective approach and will recognize any cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of Accumulated deficit in that period. While we are currently assessing the impact this guidance may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements, we expect that virtually all of our existing operating leases will be reflected as right-of-use assets and liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets under the new standard. We have received the necessary updates to our leasing software and are preparing for implementation. See Note 6, Property and Equipment, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for disclosure related to our operating leases.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326),” which provides guidance for accounting for credit losses on financial instruments. The new guidance introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments and modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. The new guidance is effective for our annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2020, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted beginning January 1, 2019. We continue to review the requirements of this standard and any potential impact it may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

We do not believe any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards will have a material effect on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

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Business Combinations

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Business Combinations

Business Combinations

Inpatient Rehabilitation

In September 2018, we acquired approximately 62% of a 29-bed inpatient rehabilitation unit, including a 60-bed certificate of need, in Murrells Inlet, South Carolina through a joint venture with Tidelands Health. The acquisition was funded through contributions of funds to be utilized by the consolidated joint venture to build a 46-bed de novo inpatient rehabilitation satellite location. This transaction was not material to our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. The acquisition was made to enhance our position and ability to provide inpatient rehabilitative services to patients in Murrells Inlet and its surrounding areas.

We accounted for this transaction under the acquisition method of accounting and reported the results of operations of

the acquired hospital from its respective date of acquisition. Assets acquired were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Estimated fair values were based on various valuation methodologies including: an income approach using primarily discounted cash flow techniques for the noncompete intangible asset; an income approach utilizing the relief-from-royalty method for the trade name intangible asset; and an income approach utilizing the excess earnings method for the certificate of need intangible asset. The aforementioned income methods utilize management’s estimates of future operating results and cash flows discounted using a weighted-average cost of capital that reflects market participant assumptions. The excess of the fair value of the consideration conveyed over the fair value of the assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill reflects our expectations of our ability to gain access to and penetrate the acquired hospital’s historical patient base and the benefits of being able to leverage operational efficiencies with favorable growth opportunities based on positive demographic trends in this market. None of the goodwill recorded as a result from this transaction is deductible for federal income tax purposes.

The fair values recorded were based upon a preliminary valuation. Estimates and assumptions used in such valuation are subject to change, which could be significant, within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). The primary areas of the preliminary valuation that are not yet finalized relate to the fair values of amounts for intangible assets and the final amount of residual goodwill. We expect to continue to obtain information to assist us in determining the fair values of the net assets acquired at the acquisition date during the measurement period.

The preliminary fair value of the assets acquired at the acquisition date were as follows (in millions):

Identifiable intangible assets:
Noncompete agreement (useful life of 3 years)	$	0.6
Trade name (useful life of 20 years)	1.4
Certificate of need (useful life of 20 years)	7.7
Goodwill	6.4
Total assets acquired	$	16.1

Information regarding the net cash paid for the inpatient rehabilitation acquisitions during each period presented is as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Fair value of assets acquired	$	9.7		$	5.4		$	9.7		$	11.0
Goodwill	6.4			9.0			6.4			24.0
Fair value of noncontrolling interest owned by joint venture partner	(16.1		)	(14.4		)	(16.1		)	(24.1		)
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	10.9

Home Health and Hospice

Camellia Acquisition

On May 1, 2018, we completed the previously announced acquisition of privately owned Camellia Healthcare and affiliated entities (“Camellia”). The Camellia portfolio consists of hospice, home health and private duty locations in Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana and Tennessee. The acquisition leverages our home health and hospice operating platform across key certificate of need states and strengthens our geographic presence in the Southeastern United States. We funded the cash purchase price of the acquisition with cash on hand and borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

We accounted for this transaction under the acquisition method of accounting and reported the results of operations of Camellia from its date of acquisition. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. Estimated fair values were based on various valuation methodologies including: replacement cost and continued use methods for property and equipment; an income approach using primarily discounted cash flow techniques for the noncompete and certain license intangible assets; an income approach utilizing the relief-from-royalty method for the trade name intangible asset; and an income approach utilizing the excess earnings method for the certificate of need and certain license intangible assets. The aforementioned income methods utilize management’s estimates of future operating results and cash flows discounted using a weighted-average cost of capital that reflects market participant assumptions. For all other assets and liabilities, the fair value was assumed to represent carrying value due to their short maturities. The excess of the fair value of the consideration conveyed over the fair value of the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. All goodwill recorded as a result from this transaction is deductible for federal income tax purposes. The goodwill reflects our expectations of favorable growth opportunities in the home health and hospice markets based on positive demographic trends.

The fair values recorded were based upon a preliminary valuation. Estimates and assumptions used in such valuation are subject to change, which could be significant, within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). The primary areas of the preliminary valuation that are not yet finalized relate to the fair values of amounts for income taxes and the final amount of residual goodwill. We expect to continue to obtain information to assist us in determining the fair values of the net assets acquired at the acquisition date during the measurement period.

The preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date were as follows (in millions):

Cash and cash equivalents	$	1.3
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	0.3
Property and equipment, net	0.6
Identifiable intangible assets:
Noncompete agreements (useful lives of 5 years)	0.5
Trade name (useful life of 1 year)	1.4
Certificates of need (useful lives of 10 years)	16.6
Licenses (useful lives of 10 years)	21.6
Goodwill	97.0
Total assets acquired	139.3
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable	4.3
Accrued payroll	4.0
Total liabilities assumed	8.3
Net assets acquired	$	131.0

Information regarding the net cash paid for Camellia is as follows (in millions):

Fair value of assets acquired, net of $1.3 million of cash acquired	$	41.0
Goodwill	97.0
Fair value of liabilities assumed	(8.3		)
Net cash paid for acquisition	$	129.7

Other Home Health and Hospice Acquisitions

During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, we completed the following home health and hospice acquisitions,none of which were individually material to our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. Each acquisition was made to enhance our position and ability to provide post-acute healthcare services to patients in the applicable geographic areas. Each acquisition was funded using cash on hand.

• In January 2018, we acquired the assets of one hospice location from Golden Age Hospice, Inc. in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

• In June 2018, we acquired the assets of one hospice location from Medical Services of America in Las Vegas, Nevada.

We accounted for these transactions under the acquisition method of accounting and reported the results of operations of the acquired locations from their respective dates of acquisition. Assets acquired were recorded at their estimated fair values as of the respective acquisition dates. The fair values of identifiable intangible assets were based on valuations using an income approach. The income approach is based on management’s estimates of future operating results and cash flows discounted using a weighted-average cost of capital that reflects market participant assumptions. The excess of the fair value of the consideration conveyed over the fair value of the net assets acquired was recorded as goodwill. The goodwill reflects our expectations of our ability to utilize the acquired locations’ mobile workforce and established relationships within each community and the benefits of being able to leverage operational efficiencies with favorable growth opportunities based on positive demographic trends in these markets. Allgoodwill recorded as a result of these transactions is deductible for federal income tax purposes.

The fair value of the assets acquired at the acquisition date were as follows (in millions):

Identifiable intangible assets:
Noncompete agreements (useful lives of 5 years)	$	0.2
Licenses (useful lives of 10 years)	0.8
Goodwill	5.1
Total assets acquired	$	6.1

Information regarding the net cash paid for the other home health and hospice acquisitions during each period presented is as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017			2018		2017
Fair value of assets acquired	$	—	$	2.7		$	1.0	$	5.4
Goodwill	—		13.1			5.1		20.5
Fair value of liabilities assumed	—		(0.1		)	—		(0.2		)
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	—	$	15.7		$	6.1	$	25.7

Pro Forma Results of Operations

The following table summarizes the results of operations of the above mentioned acquisitions from their respective dates of acquisition included in our consolidated results of operations and the unaudited pro forma results of operations of the combined entity had the date of the acquisitions been January 1, 2017 (in millions):

	Net Operating Revenues		Net Income Attributable to Encompass Health
Acquired entities only: Actual from acquisition date to September 30, 2018
Inpatient Rehabilitation	$	—	$	(0.9	)
Camellia	31.5		(0.5		)
All Other Home Health and Hospice	1.8		(0.1		)
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 06/01/2018-09/30/2018	1,070.9		89.2
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 06/01/2017-09/30/2017	1,007.5		70.1
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 01/01/2018-09/30/2018	3,221.9		270.7
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 01/01/2017-09/30/2017	2,979.7		207.6

The information presented above is for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of results that would

have been achieved if the acquisitions had occurred as of the beginning of our 2017 reporting period.

See Note 2, Business Combinations, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for information regarding acquisitions completed in 2017.

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Variable Interest Entities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Variable Interest Entities

Variable Interest Entities

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we consolidated ten limited partnership-like entities that are variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and of which we are the primary beneficiary. Our ownership percentages in these entities range from6.8%to99.5%. Through partnership and management agreements with or governing each of these entities, we manage all of these entities and handle all day-to-day operating decisions. Accordingly, we have the decision making power over the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of our VIEs and an obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. These decisions and significant activities include, but are not limited to, marketing efforts, oversight of patient admissions, medical training, nurse and therapist scheduling, provision of healthcare services, billing, collections, and creation and maintenance of medical records. The terms of the agreements governing each of our VIEs prohibit us from using the assets of each VIE to satisfy the obligations of other entities.

The carrying amounts and classifications of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities, which are included in our consolidated balance sheet, are as follows (in millions):

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	0.4	$	1.2
Accounts receivable	33.5		32.6
Other current assets	5.7		5.6
Total current assets	39.6		39.4
Property and equipment, net	139.3		142.8
Goodwill	73.5		73.5
Intangible assets, net	6.6		7.7
Other long-term assets	29.6		0.7
Total assets	$	288.6	$	264.1
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	1.6	$	1.8
Accounts payable	5.8		6.5
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	47.0		15.9
Total current liabilities	54.4		24.2
Long-term debt, net of current portion	27.1		28.3
Total liabilities	$	81.5	$	52.5

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Investments in and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Investments in and Advances to Affiliates, Schedule of Investments [Abstract]

Investments in and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates

Investments in and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates

As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, we had $12.7 million and $11.9 million, respectively, of investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates included in Other long-term assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates represent our investments in six partially owned subsidiaries, of which five are general or limited partnerships, limited liability companies, or joint ventures in which Encompass Health or one of its subsidiaries is a general or limited partner, managing member, member, or venturer, as applicable. We do not control these affiliates but have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of certain of these affiliates. Our ownership percentages in these affiliates range from approximately 1% to 60%. We account for these investments using the cost and equity methods of accounting.

The following summarizes the combined results of operations of our equity method affiliates (on a 100% basis, in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net operating revenues	$	10.1		$	9.9		$	31.6		$	31.0
Operating expenses	(5.9		)	(5.6		)	(19.1		)	(18.1		)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax	4.1			4.3			12.4			12.9
Net income	4.1			4.3			12.4			12.9

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Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

The following is a summary of the activity related to our Redeemable noncontrolling interests during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Balance at beginning of period	$	220.9		$	138.3
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	10.3			9.9
Distributions declared	(6.6		)	(3.3		)
Contribution to joint venture	—			2.3
Purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interests	(65.1		)	—
Change in fair value	77.0			74.1
Balance at end of period	$	236.5		$	221.3

The following table reconciles the net income attributable to nonredeemable Noncontrolling interests, as recorded in the shareholders’ equity section of the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and the net income attributable to Redeemable noncontrolling interests, as recorded in the mezzanine section of the condensed consolidated balance sheets, to the Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests presented in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Net income attributable to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests	$	16.9	$	15.0	$	53.2	$	43.3
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	3.8		4.2		10.3		9.9
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	$	20.7	$	19.2	$	63.5	$	53.2

On December 31, 2014, we acquired 83.3% of our home health and hospice business when we purchased EHHI Holdings, Inc. (“EHHI”). In the acquisition, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of EHHI, other than equity interests contributed to Encompass Health Home Health Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”), a subsidiary of Encompass Health and an indirect parent of EHHI, by certain sellers in exchange for shares of common stock of Holdings. Those sellers were members of EHHI management, and they contributed a portion of their shares of common stock of EHHI, valued at approximately $64 million on the acquisition date, in exchange for approximately 16.7% of the outstanding shares of common stock of Holdings. At any time after December 31, 2017, each management investor has the right (but not the obligation) to have his or her shares of Holdings stock repurchased by Encompass Health for a cash purchase price per share equal to the fair value. Specifically, up to one-third of each management investor’s shares of Holdings stock may be sold prior to December 31, 2018; two-thirds of each management investor’s shares of Holdings stock may be sold prior to December 31, 2019; and all of each management investor’s shares of Holdings stock may be sold thereafter. At any time after December 31, 2019, Encompass Health will have the right (but not the obligation) to repurchase all or any portion of the shares of Holdings stock owned by one or more management investors for a cash purchase price per share equal to the fair value. In February 2018, each management investor exercised the right to sell one-third of his or her shares of Holdings stock to Encompass Health, representing approximately 5.6% of the outstanding shares of the common stock of Holdings. On February 21, 2018, Encompass Health settled the acquisition of those shares upon payment of approximately $65 million in cash. As of September 30, 2018, the value of the outstanding shares of Holdings owned by management investors was approximately $208 million. See also Note 6, Fair Value Measurements.

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Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

Our financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (in millions):

			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
As of September 30, 2018	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Valuation Technique (1)
Other long-term assets:
Restricted marketable securities	$	61.4	$	—	$	61.4	$	—	M
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	236.5		—		—		236.5		I
As of December 31, 2017
Other current assets:
Current portion of restricted marketable securities	$	17.8	$	—	$	17.8	$	—	M
Other long-term assets:
Restricted marketable securities	44.2		—		44.2		—		M
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	220.9		—		—		220.9		I

⁽¹⁾ The three valuation techniques are: market approach (M), cost approach (C), and income approach (I).

The fair values of our financial assets and liabilities are determined as follows:

• Restricted marketable securities - The fair values of our restricted marketable securities are determined based on quoted market prices in active markets or quoted prices, dealer quotations, or alternative pricing sources supported by observable inputs in markets that are not considered to be active.

• Redeemable noncontrolling interests - The fair value of the Redeemable noncontrolling interests related to our home health segment is determined using the product of a twelve-month adjusted EBITDA measure and a specified median market price multiple based on a basket of public home health companies and transactions, after adding cash and deducting indebtedness that includes the outstanding principal balance under any intercompany notes. To determine the fair value of the Redeemable noncontrolling interests in our joint venture hospitals, we use the applicable hospitals’ projected operating results and cash flows discounted using a rate that reflects market participant assumptions for the applicable facilities. The projected operating results use management’s best estimates of economic and market conditions over the forecasted periods including assumptions for pricing and volume, operating expenses, and capital expenditures. See also Note 5, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests.

In addition to assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, we are also required to record assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Generally, assets are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as a result of impairment charges or similar adjustments made to the carrying value of the applicable assets. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017, we did not record anygains or lossesrelated to our nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a nonrecurring basis as part of our continuing operations.

As discussed in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, “Fair Value Measurements,” to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K, the carrying value equals fair value for our financial instruments that are not included in the table below and are classified as current in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The carrying amounts and estimated fair values for all of our other financial instruments are presented in the following table (in millions):

	As of September 30, 2018				As of December 31, 2017
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Long-term debt:
Advances under revolving credit facility	$	65.0	$	65.0	$	95.0	$	95.0
Term loan facilities	283.7		285.0		294.7		296.3
5.125% Senior Notes due 2023	296.4		302.6		295.9		306.8
5.75% Senior Notes due 2024	1,194.5		1,216.4		1,193.9		1,228.5
5.75% Senior Notes due 2025	344.9		354.9		344.4		364.9
Other notes payable	92.0		92.0		82.3		82.3
Financial commitments:
Letters of credit	—		39.7		—		35.4

Fair values for our long-term debt and financial commitments are determined using inputs, including quoted prices in nonactive markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly, or Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy. See Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, “Fair Value Measurements,” to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

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Share-Based Payments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]

Share-Based Payments

Share-Based Payments

In February and May 2018, we issued a total of 0.5 million restricted stock awards to members of our management team and our board of directors. Approximately 0.2 million of these awards contain only a service condition, while the remainder contain both a service and a performance condition. For the awards that include a performance condition, the number of shares that will ultimately be granted to employees may vary based on the Company’s performance during the applicable two-year performance measurement period. Additionally, in February 2018, we granted 0.1 million stock options to members of our management team. The fair value of these awards and options was determined using the policies described in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, and Note 13, Share-Based Payments, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Our Provision for income tax expense of $30.2 million and $89.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively, primarily resulted from the application of our estimated effective blended federal and state income tax rate. Our Provision for income tax expense of $43.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 primarily resulted from the application of our estimated effective blended federal and state income tax rate. Our Provision for income tax expense of $111.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 primarily resulted from the application of our estimated effective blended federal and state income tax rate as well as tax benefits resulting from exercises and vesting of share-based compensation.

We have state net operating losses (“NOLs”) of $72.0 million that expire in various amounts at varying times through 2031. The $82.6 million of net deferred tax assets included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2018 reflects management’s assessment it is more likely than not we will be able to generate sufficient future taxable income to utilize those deferred tax assets based on our current estimates and assumptions. As of September 30, 2018, we maintained a valuation allowance of $37.1 million due to uncertainties regarding our ability to utilize a portion of our state NOLs and other credits before they expire. The amount of the valuation allowance has been determined for each tax jurisdiction based on the weight of all available evidence including management’s estimates of taxable income for each jurisdiction in which we operate over the periods in which the related deferred tax assets will be recoverable. It is possible we may be required to increase or decrease our valuation allowance at some future time if our forecast of future earnings varies from actual results on a consolidated basis or in the applicable state tax jurisdictions, if the timing of future tax deductions differs from our expectations, or pursuant to changes in state tax laws and rates.

During the third quarter of 2016, we filed a non-automatic tax accounting method change related to billings denied under pre-payment claims reviews conducted by certain of our MACs. In March 2017, the IRS approved our request resulting in additional tax benefits of approximately $51.3 million through December 31, 2017. These benefits are expected to reverse as pre-payment claims denials are settled and collected. This change did not have a material impact on our effective tax rate. The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) included revisions to Internal Revenue Code §451 that may eliminate this deferral of revenue for tax purposes and may require us to pay tax on such denied claims. We are currently evaluating this provision of the Tax Act and its future impact on the method change we received in March 2017.

Total remaining gross unrecognized tax benefits were $0.9 million and $0.3 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, all of which would affect our effective tax rate if recognized. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending liability for unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in millions):

	Gross Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits				Accrued Interest and Penalties
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	0.3			$	—
Gross amount of increases in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior periods	0.8				0.1
Reductions to unrecognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations	(0.2		)	—	—
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	0.9			$	0.1

Our continuing practice is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. Interest recorded as part of our income tax provision during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was not material. Accrued interest income related to income taxes as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was not material.

In December 2014, we signed an agreement with the IRS to begin participating in their Compliance Assurance Process (“CAP”), a program in which we and the IRS endeavor to agree on the treatment of significant tax positions prior to the filing of our federal income tax return. We renewed this agreement in December 2015 for the 2016 tax year, in December 2016 for the 2017 tax year, and in January 2018 for the 2018 tax year. As a result of these agreements, the IRS surveyed our 2013, 2012, and 2011 federal income tax returns and is currently examining the 2017 and 2018 tax years. The IRS has issued no-change Revenue Agent’s Reports effectively closing our 2015 and 2016 tax year audits. As a result, we have settled federal income tax examinations under the CAP program for all tax years through 2016. Our state income tax returns are also periodically examined by various regulatory taxing authorities. We are currently under audit by one state for tax years 2013 through 2015.

For the tax years that remain open under the applicable statutes of limitation, amounts related to unrecognized tax benefits have been considered by management in its estimate of our potential net recovery of prior years’ income taxes. Based on discussions with taxing authorities, we anticipate that approximately $0.5 million of our unrecognized tax benefits will be released within the next 12 months.

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Earnings per Common Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings per Common Share

Earnings per Common Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share (in millions, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Basic:
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations	$	109.4		$	85.2		$	328.1		$	249.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests included in continuing operations	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Less: Income allocated to participating securities	(0.3		)	(0.2		)	(0.9		)	(0.6		)
Income from continuing operations attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	88.4			65.8			263.7			195.3
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	(0.1		)	(0.1		)	(0.4		)	(0.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	$	88.3		$	65.7		$	263.3		$	195.1
Denominator:
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	98.0			97.8			97.9			92.3
Basic earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations	$	0.90		$	0.67		$	2.69		$	2.11
Discontinued operations	—			—			—			—
Net income	$	0.90		$	0.67		$	2.69		$	2.11
Diluted:
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations	$	109.4		$	85.2		$	328.1		$	249.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests included in continuing operations	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Add: Interest on convertible debt, net of tax	—			—			—			4.6
Add: Loss on extinguishment of convertible debt, net of tax	—			—			—			6.2
Income from continuing operations attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	88.7			66.0			264.6			206.7
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	(0.1		)	(0.1		)	(0.4		)	(0.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	$	88.6		$	65.9		$	264.2		$	206.5
Denominator:
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	100.0			99.0			99.7			99.1
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations	$	0.89		$	0.67		$	2.65		$	2.08
Discontinued operations	—			—			—			—
Net income	$	0.89		$	0.67		$	2.65		$	2.08

The following table sets forth the reconciliation between basic weighted average common shares outstanding and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018	2017	2018	2017
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	98.0	97.8	97.9	92.3
Convertible senior subordinated notes	—	—	—	5.4
Restricted stock awards, dilutive stock options, and restricted stock units	2.0	1.2	1.8	1.4
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	100.0	99.0	99.7	99.1

In October 2017, February 2018, and May 2018, our board of directors declared cash dividends of $0.25 per share that were paid in January 2018, April 2018, and July 2018, respectively. In July 2018, our board of directors approved an increase in our quarterly dividend and declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share that was paid on October 15, 2018. On October 26, 2018, our board declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per share, payable on January 15, 2019 to stockholders of record on January 2, 2019. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, accrued common stock dividends of $28.2 million and $25.4 million, respectively, were included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Future dividend payments are subject to declaration by our board of directors.

On September 30, 2009, we issued 5.0 million shares of common stock and 8.2 million common stock warrants in full satisfaction of our obligation to do so under the January 2007 comprehensive settlement of the consolidated securities action brought against us by our stockholders and bondholders. Under the terms of the related warrant agreement, the warrants were exercisable at a price of $41.40 per share by means of a cash or a cashless exercise at the option of the holder. The warrants were not assumed exercised for dilutive shares outstanding because they were antidilutive in the periods presented. The warrants expired on January 17, 2017.

The following table summarizes information relating to these warrants and their activity through their expiration date (number of warrants in millions):

	Number of Warrants		Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Common stock warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2016	8.2		$	41.40
Cashless exercise	(6.5	)	41.40
Cash exercise	(0.6	)	41.40
Expired	(1.1	)	41.40
Common stock warrants outstanding as of January 17, 2017	—

The above exercises resulted in the issuance of 0.7 million shares of common stock. Cash exercises resulted in gross proceeds of approximately $27 million.

See Note 9, Long-term Debt and Note 16, Earnings per Common Share, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for additional information related to our convertible senior subordinated notes, common stock and common stock warrants.

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Contingencies and Other Commitments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Contingencies and Other Commitments

Contingencies and Other Commitments

We operate in a highly regulated and litigious industry. As a result, various lawsuits, claims, and legal and regulatory proceedings have been and can be expected to be instituted or asserted against us. The resolution of any such lawsuits, claims, or legal and regulatory proceedings could materially and adversely affect our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in a given period.

Nichols Litigation—

We were named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed March 28, 2003 by several individual stockholders in the Circuit Court of Jefferson County, Alabama, captioned Nichols v. HealthSouth Corp. The plaintiffs allege that we, some of our former officers, and our former investment bank engaged in a scheme to overstate and misrepresent our earnings and financial position. The plaintiffs are seeking compensatory and punitive damages. This case was stayed in the circuit court on August 8, 2005. The plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on November 9, 2010 to which we responded with a motion to dismiss filed on December 22, 2010. During a hearing on February 24, 2012, plaintiffs’ counsel indicated his intent to dismiss certain claims against us. Instead, on March 9, 2012, the plaintiffs amended their complaint to include additional securities fraud claims against Encompass Health and add several former officers to the lawsuit. On September 12, 2012, the plaintiffs further amended their complaint to request certification as a class action. One of the former officers named as a defendant has repeatedly attempted to remove the case to federal district court, most recently on December 11, 2012. We filed our latest motion to remand the case back to state court on January 10, 2013. On September 27, 2013, the federal court remanded the case back to state court. On November 25, 2014, the plaintiffs filed another amended complaint to assert new allegations relating to the time period of 1997 to 2002. On December 10, 2014, we filed a motion to dismiss on the grounds the plaintiffs lack standing because their claims were derivative in nature, and the claims were time-barred by the statute of limitations. On May 26, 2016, the court granted our motion to dismiss. The plaintiffs appealed the dismissal of the case to the Supreme Court of Alabama on June 28, 2016. On March 23, 2018, the Alabama Supreme Court reversed the trial court’s dismissal, holding that the plaintiffs’ claims were not derivative or time-barred, and remanded the case for further proceedings. On April 6, 2018, we filed an application for rehearing with the Alabama Supreme Court.

We intend to vigorously defend ourselves in this case. Based on the stage of litigation, review of the current facts and circumstances as we understand them, the nature of the underlying claim, the results of the proceedings to date, and the nature and scope of the defense we continue to mount, we do not believe an adverse judgment or settlement is probable in this matter, and it is also not possible to estimate an amount of loss, if any, or range of possible loss that might result from an adverse judgment or settlement of this case.

Other Litigation—

One of our hospital subsidiaries was named as a defendant in a lawsuit filed August 12, 2013 by an individual in the Circuit Court of Etowah County, Alabama, captioned Hontsv. HealthSouth Rehabilitation Hospital of Gadsden, LLC. The plaintiff alleged that her mother, who died more than three months after being discharged from our hospital, received an unprescribed opiate medication at the hospital. We deny the patient received any such medication, accounted for all the opiates at the hospital and argued the plaintiff established no causal liability between the actions of our staff and her mother’s death. The plaintiff sought recovery for punitive damages. On May 18, 2016, the jury in this case returned a verdict in favor of the plaintiff for $20.0 million. On June 17, 2016, we filed a renewed motion for judgment as a matter of law or, in the alternative, a motion for new trial or, in the further alternative, a motion seeking reduction of the damages awarded (collectively, the “post-judgment motions”). The trial court denied the post-judgment motions. We appealed the verdict as well as the rulings on the post-judgment motions to the Supreme Court of Alabama on October 12, 2016. On September 28, 2018, the Alabama Supreme Court reversed the trial court’s judgment and remanded the case for a new trial. On October 12, 2018, the plaintiff filed an application for rehearing with the Alabama Supreme Court, and we filed a brief in opposition to the rehearing application on October 25, 2018.

As a result of the original judgment, we recorded a net charge of $5.7 million to Other operating expenses in our consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016. As of June 30, 2018, we maintained a liability of $20.1 million in Accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding receivable of $15.5 million in Other current assets for the portion of the liability we would expect to be covered through our excess insurance coverages. The portion of this liability that would be a covered claim through our captive insurance subsidiary, HCS, Ltd. is $6.0 million.

As a result of the Alabama Supreme Court’s reversal, we reduced the associated liability, and no longer maintain an insurance receivable in our condensed consolidated balance sheet because we do not believe the liability exceeds the retention level. As of September 30, 2018, we maintained a liability included in Accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet in connection with this matter. We continue to believe in the merit of our defenses and counterarguments, and we intend to vigorously defend ourselves in the re-trial of this case.

Governmental Inquiries and Investigations—

On March 4, 2013, we received document subpoenas from an office of the United States Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General (the “HHS-OIG”) addressed to four of our hospitals. Those subpoenas also requested complete copies of medical records for 100 patients treated at each of those hospitals between September 2008 and June 2012. The investigation is being conducted by the United States Department of Justice (the “DOJ”). On April 24, 2014, we received document subpoenas relating to an additional seven of our hospitals. The new subpoenas reference substantially similar investigation subject matter as the original subpoenas and request materials from the period January 2008 through December 2013. Two of the four hospitals addressed in the original set of subpoenas have received supplemental subpoenas to cover this new time period. The most recent subpoenas do not include requests for specific patient files. However, in February 2015, the DOJ requested the voluntary production of the medical records of an additional 70 patients, some of whom were treated in hospitals not subject to the subpoenas, and we provided these records. We have not received any subsequent requests for medical records from the DOJ.

All of the subpoenas are in connection with an investigation of alleged improper or fraudulent claims submitted to Medicare and Medicaid and request documents and materials relating to practices, procedures, protocols and policies, of certain pre- and post-admissions activities at these hospitals including, among other things, marketing functions, pre-admission screening, post-admission physician evaluations, patient assessment instruments, individualized patient plans of care, and compliance with the Medicare 60% rule. Under the Medicare rule commonly referred to as the “60% rule,” an inpatient rehabilitation hospital must treat 60% or more of its patients from at least one of a specified list of medical conditions in order to be reimbursed at the inpatient rehabilitation hospital payment rates, rather than at the lower acute care hospital payment rates.

We are cooperating fully with the DOJ in connection with this investigation and are currently unable to predict the timing or outcome of it. We intend to vigorously defend ourselves in this matter. Based on discussions with the DOJ, review of the current facts and circumstances as we understand them, and the nature of the investigation, it is not possible to estimate an amount of loss, if any, or range of possible loss that might result from it.

Other Matters—

The False Claims Act allows private citizens, called “relators,” to institute civil proceedings on behalf of the United States alleging violations of the False Claims Act. These lawsuits, also known as “whistleblower” or “qui tam” actions, can involve significant monetary damages, fines, attorneys’ fees and the award of bounties to the relators who successfully prosecute or bring these suits to the government. Qui tam cases are sealed at the time of filing, which means knowledge of the information contained in the complaint typically is limited to the relator, the federal government, and the presiding court. The defendant in a qui tam action may remain unaware of the existence of a sealed complaint for years. While the complaint is under seal, the government reviews the merits of the case and may conduct a broad investigation and seek discovery from the defendant and other parties before deciding whether to intervene in the case and take the lead on litigating the claims. The court lifts the seal when the government makes its decision on whether to intervene. If the government decides not to intervene, the relator may elect to continue to pursue the lawsuit individually on behalf of the government. It is possible that qui tam lawsuits have been filed against us, which suits remain under seal, or that we are unaware of such filings or precluded by existing law or court order from discussing or disclosing the filing of such suits. We may be subject to liability under one or more undisclosed qui tam cases brought pursuant to the False Claims Act.

It is our obligation as a participant in Medicare and other federal healthcare programs to routinely conduct audits and reviews of the accuracy of our billing systems and other regulatory compliance matters. As a result of these reviews, we have made, and will continue to make, disclosures to the HHS-OIG and CMS relating to amounts we suspect represent over-payments from these programs, whether due to inaccurate billing or otherwise. Some of these disclosures have resulted in, or may result in, Encompass Health refunding amounts to Medicare or other federal healthcare programs.

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Segment Reporting

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Reporting

Segment Reporting

Our internal financial reporting and management structure is focused on the major types of services provided by Encompass Health. We manage our operations using two operating segments which are also our reportable segments: (1) inpatient rehabilitation and (2) home health and hospice. These reportable operating segments are consistent with information used by our chief executive officer, who is our chief operating decision maker, to assess performance and allocate resources. The following is a brief description of our reportable segments:

• Inpatient Rehabilitation - Our national network of inpatient rehabilitation hospitals stretches across 31 states and Puerto Rico, with a concentration of hospitals in the eastern half of the United States and Texas. As of September 30, 2018, we operate 129 inpatient rehabilitation hospitals, including one hospital that operates as a joint venture that we account for using the equity method of accounting. In addition, we manage five inpatient rehabilitation units through management contracts. We provide specialized rehabilitative treatment on both an inpatient and outpatient basis. Our inpatient rehabilitation hospitals provide a higher level of rehabilitative care to patients who are recovering from conditions such as stroke and other neurological disorders, cardiac and pulmonary conditions, brain and spinal cord injuries, complex orthopedic conditions, and amputations.

• Home Health and Hospice - As of September 30, 2018, we provide home health and hospice services across 273 locations and 30 states with concentrations in the Southeast and Texas. In addition, two of these agencies operate as joint ventures that we account for using the equity method of accounting. Our home health services include a comprehensive range of Medicare-certified home nursing services to adult patients in need of care. These services include, among others, skilled nursing, physical, occupational, and speech therapy, medical social work, home health aide, and private duty services. Our hospice services primarily include in-home services to terminally ill patients and their families to address patients’ physical needs, including pain control and symptom management, and to provide emotional and spiritual support.

The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1, Basis of Presentation, “Net Operating Revenues” and “Accounts Receivable” to these condensed consolidated financial statements and Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K. All revenues for our services are generated through external customers. See Note 1, Basis of Presentation, “Net Operating Revenues,” for the payor composition of our revenues. No corporate overhead is allocated to either of our reportable segments. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates the performance of our segments and allocates resources to them based on adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“Segment Adjusted EBITDA”).

Selected financial information for our reportable segments is as follows (in millions):

	Inpatient Rehabilitation												Home Health and Hospice
	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2018			2017			2018			2017
Net operating revenues	$	825.6		$	783.5		$	2,500.5		$	2,338.9		$	242.0		$	198.1		$	680.8		$	566.2
Operating expenses:
Inpatient rehabilitation:
Salaries and benefits	423.6			403.2			1,264.3			1,195.7			—			—			—			—
Other operating expenses	124.3			117.4			374.1			342.1			—			—			—			—
Supplies	33.6			33.1			104.2			100.6			—			—			—			—
Occupancy costs	15.9			15.7			47.4			46.3			—			—			—			—
Home health and hospice:
Cost of services sold (excluding depreciation and amortization)	—			—			—			—			114.6			92.1			322.3			267.3
Support and overhead costs	—			—			—			—			82.4			68.9			235.2			203.4
	597.4			569.4			1,790.0			1,684.7			197.0			161.0			557.5			470.7
Other income	(1.8		)	(1.0		)	(3.5		)	(2.9		)	—			—			(0.5		)	—
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(1.9		)	(1.9		)	(5.5		)	(5.6		)	(0.2		)	(0.2		)	(0.9		)	(0.6		)
Noncontrolling interests	19.0			16.7			59.3			48.6			2.0			2.5			6.4			4.6
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	212.9		$	200.3		$	660.2		$	614.1		$	43.2		$	34.8		$	118.3		$	91.5
Capital expenditures	$	64.5		$	59.1		$	181.1		$	164.7		$	1.7		$	1.7		$	7.7		$	5.6

	Inpatient Rehabilitation		Home Health and Hospice		Encompass Health Consolidated
As of September 30, 2018
Total assets	$	3,875.1	$	1,297.3	$	5,131.9
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates	9.8		2.9		12.7
As of December 31, 2017
Total assets	$	3,789.1	$	1,150.5	$	4,893.7
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates	9.3		2.6		11.9

Segment reconciliations (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Total segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	256.1		$	235.1		$	778.5		$	705.6
General and administrative expenses	(49.9		)	(39.7		)	(165.9		)	(128.6		)
Depreciation and amortization	(51.2		)	(46.2		)	(146.8		)	(137.2		)
Gain (loss) on disposal of assets	1.0			(3.0		)	(2.2		)	(3.3		)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			(0.3		)	—			(10.7		)
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	(37.3		)	(36.8		)	(110.6		)	(118.5		)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	20.7			19.2			63.5			53.2
SARs mark-to-market impact on noncontrolling interests	0.3			—			2.2			—
Change in fair market value of equity securities	(0.1		)	—			(1.1		)	—
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	$	139.6		$	128.3		$	417.6		$	360.5

	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
Total assets for reportable segments	$	5,172.4		$	4,939.6
Reclassification of deferred income tax liabilities to net deferred income tax assets	(40.5		)	(45.9		)
Total consolidated assets	$	5,131.9		$	4,893.7

Additional detail regarding the revenues of our operating segments by service line follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Inpatient rehabilitation:
Inpatient	$	798.4	$	758.2	$	2,425.1	$	2,262.4
Outpatient and other	27.2		25.3		75.4		76.5
Total inpatient rehabilitation	825.6		783.5		2,500.5		2,338.9
Home health and hospice:
Home health	209.2		180.3		599.3		516.1
Hospice	32.8		17.8		81.5		50.1
Total home health and hospice	242.0		198.1		680.8		566.2
Total net operating revenues	$	1,067.6	$	981.6	$	3,181.3	$	2,905.1

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Condensed Consolidating Financial Information

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Condensed Consolidating Financial Information

Condensed Consolidating Financial Information

The accompanying condensed consolidating financial information has been prepared and presented pursuant to SEC Regulation S-X, Rule 3-10, “Financial Statements of Guarantors and Issuers of Guaranteed Securities Registered or Being Registered.” Each of the subsidiary guarantors is 100% owned by Encompass Health, and all guarantees are full and unconditional and joint and several, subject to certain customary conditions for release. Encompass Health’s investments in its consolidated subsidiaries, as well as guarantor subsidiaries’ investments in nonguarantor subsidiaries and nonguarantor subsidiaries’ investments in guarantor subsidiaries, are presented under the equity method of accounting with the related investment presented within the line items Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates and Intercompany payable in the accompanying condensed consolidating balance sheets.

The terms of our credit agreement allow us to declare and pay cash dividends on our common stock so long as: (1) we are not in default under our credit agreement and (2) our senior secured leverage ratio (as defined in our credit agreement) remains less than or equal to 2x. The terms of our senior note indenture allow us to declare and pay cash dividends on our common stock so long as (1) we are not in default, (2) the consolidated coverage ratio (as defined in the indenture) exceeds 2x or we are otherwise allowed under the indenture to incur debt, and (3) we have capacity under the indenture’s restricted payments covenant to declare and pay dividends. See Note 9, Long-term Debt, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K.

Periodically, certain wholly owned subsidiaries of Encompass Health make dividends or distributions of available cash and/or intercompany receivable balances to their parents. In addition, Encompass Health makes contributions to certain wholly owned subsidiaries. When made, these dividends, distributions, and contributions impact the Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates, Intercompany payable, and Encompass Health shareholders’ equity line items in the accompanying condensed consolidating balance sheet but have no impact on the consolidated financial statements of Encompass Health Corporation.

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	4.8		$	574.5		$	520.6		$	(32.3	)	$	1,067.6
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	11.3			278.2			308.2			(5.4		)	592.3
Other operating expenses	9.9			80.3			64.7			(12.0		)	142.9
Occupancy costs	0.5			23.9			10.1			(14.9		)	19.6
Supplies	—			22.7			15.9			—			38.6
General and administrative expenses	38.8			—			11.1			—			49.9
Depreciation and amortization	4.4			26.6			20.2			—			51.2
Total operating expenses	64.9			431.7			430.2			(32.3		)	894.5
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	31.6			5.1			7.4			(6.8		)	37.3
Other income	(6.9		)	(0.3		)	(1.3		)	6.8			(1.7		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(1.9		)	(0.2		)	—			(2.1		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(117.7		)	(15.0		)	—			132.7			—
Management fees	(37.9		)	28.0			9.9			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	70.8			126.9			74.6			(132.7		)	139.6
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(17.9		)	34.2			13.9			—			30.2
Income from continuing operations	88.7			92.7			60.7			(132.7		)	109.4
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1		)	—			—			—			(0.1		)
Net income	88.6			92.7			60.7			(132.7		)	109.3
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(20.7		)	—			(20.7		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	92.7		$	40.0		$	(132.7	)	$	88.6
Comprehensive income	$	88.6		$	92.7		$	60.7		$	(132.7	)	$	109.3
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	92.7		$	40.0		$	(132.7	)	$	88.6

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	5.3		$	547.5		$	460.2		$	(31.4	)	$	981.6
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	9.1			266.4			271.9			(5.3		)	542.1
Other operating expenses	8.0			83.6			56.8			(12.2		)	136.2
Occupancy costs	0.4			23.4			8.7			(13.9		)	18.6
Supplies	—			22.4			14.1			—			36.5
General and administrative expenses	35.6			—			4.1			—			39.7
Depreciation and amortization	2.0			25.8			18.4			—			46.2
Total operating expenses	55.1			421.6			374.0			(31.4		)	819.3
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0.3			—			—			—			0.3
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	30.8			5.3			6.3			(5.6		)	36.8
Other income	(5.7		)	(0.1		)	(0.8		)	5.6			(1.0		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(1.9		)	(0.2		)	—			(2.1		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(85.0		)	(11.8		)	—			96.8			—
Management fees	(35.8		)	26.4			9.4			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	45.6			108.0			71.5			(96.8		)	128.3
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(20.4		)	43.1			20.4			—			43.1
Income from continuing operations	66.0			64.9			51.1			(96.8		)	85.2
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1		)	—			—			—			(0.1		)
Net income	65.9			64.9			51.1			(96.8		)	85.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(19.2		)	—			(19.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9		$	64.9		$	31.9		$	(96.8	)	$	65.9
Comprehensive income	$	65.9		$	64.9		$	51.1		$	(96.8	)	$	85.1
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9		$	64.9		$	31.9		$	(96.8	)	$	65.9

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	15.9		$	1,743.0		$	1,520.5		$	(98.1	)	$	3,181.3
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	33.9			835.1			887.9			(16.2		)	1,740.7
Other operating expenses	27.6			253.8			189.5			(37.4		)	433.5
Occupancy costs	1.5			71.5			29.2			(44.5		)	57.7
Supplies	—			70.6			47.2			—			117.8
General and administrative expenses	119.4			—			46.5			—			165.9
Depreciation and amortization	9.9			79.4			57.5			—			146.8
Total operating expenses	192.3			1,310.4			1,257.8			(98.1		)	2,662.4
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	93.3			15.5			20.3			(18.5		)	110.6
Other income	(17.8		)	(0.8		)	(2.8		)	18.5			(2.9		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(5.5		)	(0.9		)	—			(6.4		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(347.1		)	(50.4		)	—			397.5			—
Management fees	(114.8		)	84.5			30.3			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	210.0			389.3			215.8			(397.5		)	417.6
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(54.6		)	104.9			39.2			—			89.5
Income from continuing operations	264.6			284.4			176.6			(397.5		)	328.1
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.4		)	—			—			—			(0.4		)
Net income	264.2			284.4			176.6			(397.5		)	327.7
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(63.5		)	—			(63.5		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	264.2		$	284.4		$	113.1		$	(397.5	)	$	264.2
Comprehensive income	$	264.2		$	284.4		$	176.6		$	(397.5	)	$	327.7
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	264.2		$	284.4		$	113.1		$	(397.5	)	$	264.2

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	15.9		$	1,666.6		$	1,316.9		$	(94.3	)	$	2,905.1
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	29.1			803.7			783.0			(15.8		)	1,600.0
Other operating expenses	23.8			239.5			166.3			(36.3		)	393.3
Occupancy costs	1.4			70.0			25.6			(42.2		)	54.8
Supplies	—			69.4			41.2			—			110.6
General and administrative expenses	104.7			—			23.9			—			128.6
Depreciation and amortization	6.7			77.3			53.2			—			137.2
Total operating expenses	165.7			1,259.9			1,093.2			(94.3		)	2,424.5
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	10.7			—			—			—			10.7
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	100.5			15.9			18.1			(16.0		)	118.5
Other income	(16.5		)	(0.2		)	(2.2		)	16.0			(2.9		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(5.6		)	(0.6		)	—			(6.2		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(256.4		)	(29.3		)	—			285.7			—
Management fees	(107.8		)	80.7			27.1			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	119.7			345.2			181.3			(285.7		)	360.5
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(76.2		)	137.7			49.9			—			111.4
Income from continuing operations	195.9			207.5			131.4			(285.7		)	249.1
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.2		)	—			—			—			(0.2		)
Net income	195.7			207.5			131.4			(285.7		)	248.9
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(53.2		)	—			(53.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	195.7		$	207.5		$	78.2		$	(285.7	)	$	195.7
Comprehensive income	$	196.0		$	207.5		$	131.4		$	(285.7	)	$	249.2
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	196.0		$	207.5		$	78.2		$	(285.7	)	$	196.0

	As of September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation		Guarantor Subsidiaries		Nonguarantor Subsidiaries		Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	42.0	$	4.4	$	10.5	$	—		$	56.9
Restricted cash	—		—		62.1		—			62.1
Accounts receivable	0.5		266.0		191.5		—			458.0
Other current assets	43.3		17.9		40.9		(41.1		)	61.0
Total current assets	85.8		288.3		305.0		(41.1		)	638.0
Property and equipment, net	116.8		1,023.9		450.3		—			1,591.0
Goodwill	—		854.6		1,226.5		—			2,081.1
Intangible assets, net	22.4		98.1		322.7		—			443.2
Deferred income tax assets	113.9		8.5		—		(39.8		)	82.6
Other long-term assets	51.9		102.8		141.3		—			296.0
Intercompany notes receivable	551.3		—		—		(551.3		)	—
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	2,856.8		411.0		—		(3,267.8		)	—
Total assets	$	3,798.9	$	2,787.2	$	2,445.8	$	(3,900.0	)	$	5,131.9
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	34.9	$	7.3	$	12.4	$	(17.5	)	$	37.1
Accounts payable	6.5		49.1		30.4		—			86.0
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	176.8		75.6		257.7		(23.6		)	486.5
Total current liabilities	218.2		132.0		300.5		(41.1		)	609.6
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,226.9		236.7		40.3		—			2,503.9
Intercompany notes payable	—		—		551.3		(551.3		)	—
Other long-term liabilities	35.3		17.2		185.5		(39.8		)	198.2
Intercompany payable	—		—		59.7		(59.7		)	—
	2,480.4		385.9		1,137.3		(691.9		)	3,311.7
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	—		—		236.5		—			236.5
Shareholders’ equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		2,401.3		806.8		(3,208.1		)	1,318.5
Noncontrolling interests	—		—		265.2		—			265.2
Total shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		2,401.3		1,072.0		(3,208.1		)	1,583.7
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	3,798.9	$	2,787.2	$	2,445.8	$	(3,900.0	)	$	5,131.9

	As of December 31, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation		Guarantor Subsidiaries		Nonguarantor Subsidiaries		Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	34.3	$	2.9	$	17.2	$	—		$	54.4
Restricted cash	—		—		62.4		—			62.4
Accounts receivable	—		285.2		186.9		—			472.1
Other current assets	61.4		21.7		48.7		(18.5		)	113.3
Total current assets	95.7		309.8		315.2		(18.5		)	702.2
Property and equipment, net	101.8		991.5		423.8		—			1,517.1
Goodwill	—		854.6		1,118.0		—			1,972.6
Intangible assets, net	11.8		105.1		286.2		—			403.1
Deferred income tax assets	97.4		8.4		—		(42.2		)	63.6
Other long-term assets	49.2		100.5		85.4		—			235.1
Intercompany notes receivable	486.2		—		—		(486.2		)	—
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	2,839.1		311.3		—		(3,150.4		)	—
Total assets	$	3,681.2	$	2,681.2	$	2,228.6	$	(3,697.3	)	$	4,893.7
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	32.8	$	7.4	$	9.6	$	(17.5	)	$	32.3
Accounts payable	10.4		43.5		24.5		—			78.4
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	166.8		82.0		159.0		(1.0		)	406.8
Total current liabilities	210.0		132.9		193.1		(18.5		)	517.5
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,258.5		242.2		44.7		—			2,545.4
Intercompany notes payable	—		—		486.2		(486.2		)	—
Other long-term liabilities	31.0		17.8		178.6		(42.1		)	185.3
Intercompany payable	—		—		144.8		(144.8		)	—
	2,499.5		392.9		1,047.4		(691.6		)	3,248.2
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	—		—		220.9		—			220.9
Shareholders’ equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,181.7		2,288.3		717.4		(3,005.7		)	1,181.7
Noncontrolling interests	—		—		242.9		—			242.9
Total shareholders’ equity	1,181.7		2,288.3		960.3		(3,005.7		)	1,424.6
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	3,681.2	$	2,681.2	$	2,228.6	$	(3,697.3	)	$	4,893.7

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(16.4	)	$	334.8		$	265.6		$	—		$	584.0
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(23.3		)	(97.7		)	(50.5		)	—			(171.5		)
Additions to capitalized software costs	(12.1		)	—			(1.1		)	—			(13.2		)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	(129.7		)	—			(6.1		)	—			(135.8		)
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany note receivable	70.0			—			—			(70.0		)	—
Other, net	(6.8		)	2.9			(1.9		)	—			(5.8		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(101.9		)	(94.8		)	(59.6		)	(70.0		)	(326.3		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments	(13.8		)	—			(2.3		)	—			(16.1		)
Principal payments on intercompany note payable	—			—			(70.0		)	70.0			—
Borrowings on revolving credit facility	285.0			—			—			—			285.0
Payments on revolving credit facility	(315.0		)	—			—			—			(315.0		)
Dividends paid on common stock	(74.3		)	—			(0.1		)	—			(74.4		)
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates	(65.1		)	—			—			—			(65.1		)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates	—			—			(56.5		)	—			(56.5		)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld	(7.4		)	—			(0.9		)	—			(8.3		)
Other, net	3.1			(5.6		)	(0.6		)	—			(3.1		)
Change in intercompany advances	313.5			(232.9		)	(80.6		)	—			—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	126.0			(238.5		)	(211.0		)	70.0			(253.5		)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	7.7			1.5			(5.0		)	—			4.2
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	34.3			2.9			79.6			—			116.8
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	42.0		$	4.4		$	74.6		$	—		$	121.0
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	34.3		$	2.9		$	17.2		$	—		$	54.4
Restricted cash at beginning of period	—			—			62.4			—			62.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	34.3		$	2.9		$	79.6		$	—		$	116.8
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	42.0		$	4.4		$	10.5		$	—		$	56.9
Restricted cash at end of period	—			—			62.1			—			62.1
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period	—			—			2.0			—			2.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	42.0		$	4.4		$	74.6		$	—		$	121.0
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity:
Intercompany note activity	$	(135.8	)	$	—		$	135.8		$	—		$	—

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	42.3		$	261.5		$	203.1		$	—		$	506.9
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(23.5		)	(67.7		)	(64.5		)	—			(155.7		)
Additions to capitalized software costs	(12.1		)	(0.2		)	(2.3		)	—			(14.6		)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	(10.9		)	—			(25.7		)	—			(36.6		)
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany note receivable	33.0			—			—			(33.0		)	—
Other, net	(2.7		)	11.7			(1.4		)	—			7.6
Net cash used in investing activities	(16.2		)	(56.2		)	(93.9		)	(33.0		)	(199.3		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments	(123.1		)	—			(2.3		)	—			(125.4		)
Principal payments on intercompany note payable	—			—			(33.0		)	33.0			—
Borrowings on revolving credit facility	241.3			—			—			—			241.3
Payments on revolving credit facility	(255.3		)	—			—			—			(255.3		)
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses	(38.1		)	—			—			—			(38.1		)
Dividends paid on common stock	(67.0		)	—			—			—			(67.0		)
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants	26.6			—			—			—			26.6
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates	—			—			(38.3		)	—			(38.3		)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld	(19.5		)	—			(0.3		)	—			(19.8		)
Other, net	(2.6		)	(5.0		)	13.0			—			5.4
Change in intercompany advances	237.4			(198.6		)	(38.8		)	—			—
Net cash used in financing activities	(0.3		)	(203.6		)	(99.7		)	33.0			(270.6		)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	25.8			1.7			9.5			—			37.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	20.6			1.6			79.2			—			101.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	46.4		$	3.3		$	88.7		$	—		$	138.4
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	20.6		$	1.6		$	18.3		$	—		$	40.5
Restricted cash at beginning of period	—			—			60.9			—			60.9
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	20.6		$	1.6		$	79.2		$	—		$	101.4
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	46.4		$	3.3		$	17.9		$	—		$	67.6
Restricted cash at end of period	—			—			70.8			—			70.8
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	46.4		$	3.3		$	88.7		$	—		$	138.4
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity:
Conversion of convertible debt	$	319.4		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	319.4

XML

Basis of Presentation (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Net Operating Revenues

Net Operating Revenues—

Our Net operating revenues disaggregated by payor source and segment are as follows (in millions):

	Inpatient Rehabilitation				Home Health and Hospice				Consolidated
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	$	600.5	$	576.3	$	205.7	$	169.9	$	806.2	$	746.2
Medicare Advantage	75.0		63.5		22.7		19.1		97.7		82.6
Managed care	85.1		82.8		8.6		7.8		93.7		90.6
Medicaid	25.7		25.5		4.1		0.9		29.8		26.4
Other third-party payors	11.8		12.5		—		—		11.8		12.5
Workers’ compensation	6.9		7.2		0.5		—		7.4		7.2
Patients	5.3		4.6		0.1		0.2		5.4		4.8
Other income	15.3		11.1		0.3		0.2		15.6		11.3
Total	$	825.6	$	783.5	$	242.0	$	198.1	$	1,067.6	$	981.6

	Inpatient Rehabilitation				Home Health and Hospice				Consolidated
	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	$	1,832.1	$	1,719.2	$	581.8	$	483.7	$	2,413.9	$	2,202.9
Medicare Advantage	226.2		195.4		64.5		56.4		290.7		251.8
Managed care	256.7		253.0		24.9		21.5		281.6		274.5
Medicaid	77.2		70.2		7.3		3.3		84.5		73.5
Other third-party payors	36.5		36.4		—		—		36.5		36.4
Workers’ compensation	21.1		21.1		0.8		0.1		21.9		21.2
Patients	14.1		13.0		0.8		0.6		14.9		13.6
Other income	36.6		30.6		0.7		0.6		37.3		31.2
Total	$	2,500.5	$	2,338.9	$	680.8	$	566.2	$	3,181.3	$	2,905.1

We record Net operating revenues on an accrual basis using our best estimate of the transaction price for the type of service provided to the patient. Our estimate of the transaction price includes estimates of price concessions for such items as contractual allowances, potential adjustments that may arise from payment and other reviews, and uncollectible amounts. Our accounting systems calculate contractual allowances on a patient-by-patient basis based on the rates in effect for each primary third-party payor. Adjustments related to payment reviews by third-party payors or their agents are based on our historical experience and success rates in the claims adjudication process.Estimates for uncollectible amounts are based on the aging of our accounts receivable, our historical collection experience for each type of payor, and other relevant factors.

Management continually reviews the revenue transaction price estimation process to consider and incorporate updates to laws and regulations and the frequent changes in managed care contractual terms that result from contract renegotiations and renewals. Due to complexities involved in determining amounts ultimately due under reimbursement arrangements with third-party payors, which are often subject to interpretation, we may receive reimbursement for healthcare services authorized and provided that is different from our estimates, and such differences could be material. In addition, laws and regulations governing the Medicare and Medicaid programs are complex, subject to interpretation, and are routinely modified for provider reimbursement. All healthcare providers participating in the Medicare and Medicaid programs are required to meet certain financial reporting requirements. Federal regulations require submission of annual cost reports covering medical costs and expenses associated with the services provided under each hospital, home health, and hospice provider number to program beneficiaries. Annual cost reports required under the Medicare and Medicaid programs are subject to routine audits, which may result in adjustments to the amounts ultimately determined to be due to Encompass Health under these reimbursement programs. These audits often require several years to reach the final determination of amounts earned under the programs. If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) has been granted authority to suspend payments, in whole or in part, to Medicare providers if CMS possesses reliable information an overpayment, fraud, or willful misrepresentation exists. If CMS suspects payments are being made as the result of fraud or misrepresentation, CMS may suspend payment at any time without providing prior notice to us. The initial suspension period is limited to 180 days. However, the payment suspension period can be extended almost indefinitely if the matter is under investigation by the United States Department of Health and Human Services Office of Inspector General (the “HHS-OIG”) or the United States Department of Justice (the “DOJ”). Therefore, we are unable to predict if or when we may be subject to a suspension of payments by the Medicare and/or Medicaid programs, the possible length of the suspension period, or the potential cash flow impact of a payment suspension. Any such suspension would adversely impact our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

Pursuant to legislative directives and authorizations from Congress, CMS has developed and instituted various Medicare audit programs under which CMS contracts with private companies to conduct claims and medical record audits. As a matter of course, we undertake significant efforts through training and education to ensure compliance with Medicare requirements. However, audits may lead to assertions we have been underpaid or overpaid by Medicare or submitted improper claims in some instances, require us to incur additional costs to respond to requests for records and defend the validity of payments and claims, and ultimately require us to refund any amounts determined to have been overpaid. In some circumstances auditors assert the authority to extrapolate denial rationales to large pools of claims not actually audited, which could increase the impact of the audit. We cannot predict when or how these audit programs will affect us.

Medicare Administrative Contractors (“MACs”), under programs known as “widespread probes,” have conducted pre-payment claim reviews of our Medicare billings and in some cases denied payment for certain diagnosis codes. The majority of the denials we have encountered in these probes relate to determinations regarding medical necessity and provision of therapy services. We dispute, or “appeal,” most of these denials, and for claims we choose to take to administrative law judge hearings, we have historically experienced a success rate of approximately70%. This historical success rate is a component of our estimate of transaction price as discussed above. The resolution of these disputes can take in excess of three years, and we cannot provide assurance as to our ongoing and future success of these disputes. When the amount collected related to denied claims differs from the amount previously estimated, these collection differences are recorded as an adjustment to Net operating revenues.

In August 2017, CMS announced the Targeted Probe and Educate (“TPE”) initiative. Under the TPE initiative, MACs use data analysis to identify healthcare providers with high claim error rates and items and services that have high national error rates. Once a MAC selects a provider for claims review, the initial volume of claims review is limited to 20 to 40 claims. The TPE initiative includes up to three rounds of claims review if necessary with corresponding provider education and a subsequent period to allow for improvement. If results do not improve sufficiently after three rounds, the MAC may refer the provider to CMS for further action, which may include extrapolation of error rates to a broader universe of claims or referral to a ZPIC or RAC (defined below). We cannot predict the impact of the TPE initiative on our ability to collect claims on a timely basis.

In connection with CMS approved and announced Recovery Audit Contractors (“RACs”) audits related to inpatient rehabilitation facilities (“IRFs”), we received requests from 2013 to 2017 to review certain patient files for discharges occurring from 2010 to 2017. These RAC audits are focused on identifying Medicare claims that may contain improper payments. RAC contractors must have CMS approval before conducting these focused reviews which cover issues ranging from billing documentation to medical necessity. Medical necessity is an assessment by an independent physician of a patient’s ability to tolerate and benefit from intensive multi-disciplinary therapy provided in an IRF setting.

CMS has also established contractors known as the Zone Program Integrity Contractors (“ZPICs”). These contractors conduct audits with a focus on potential fraud and abuse issues. Like the RACs, the ZPICs conduct audits and have the ability to refer matters to the HHS-OIG or the DOJ. Unlike RACs, however, ZPICs do not receive a specific financial incentive based on the amount of the error as a result of ZPIC audits. We have, from time to time, received ZPIC record requests which have resulted in claim denials on paid claims. We have appealed substantially all ZPIC denials arising from these audits using the same process we follow for appealing other denials by contractors.

To date, the Medicare claims that are subject to these post-payment audit requests represent less than 1% of our Medicare patient discharges from 2010 to 2017, and not all of these patient file requests have resulted in payment denial determinations by the audit contractor. Because we have confidence in the medical judgment of both the referring and admitting physicians who assess the treatment needs of their patients, we have appealed substantially all claim denials arising from these audits using the same process we follow for appealing denials of certain diagnosis codes by MACs. Due to the delays announced by CMS in the related adjudication process, we believe the resolution of any claims that are subsequently denied as a result of these claim audits could take in excess of three years. In addition, because we have limited experience with ZPICs and RACs in the context of claims reviews of this nature, we cannot provide assurance as to the timing or outcomes of these disputes. As such, we make estimates for these claims based on our historical experience and success rates in the claims adjudication process, which is the same process we follow for appealing denials of certain diagnosis codes by MACs. The impact on our estimates of amounts determined to be due to Encompass Health as a result of these audits during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was not material.

Our performance obligations relate to contracts with a duration of less than one year. Therefore, we elected to apply the optional exemption to not disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. These unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations primarily relate to services provided at the end of the reporting period.

We are subject to changes in government legislation that could impact Medicare payment levels and changes in payor patterns that may impact the level and timing of payments for services rendered.

Inpatient Rehabilitation Revenues

Inpatient rehabilitation segment revenues are recognized over time as the services are provided to the patient. The performance obligation is the rendering of services to the patient during the term of their inpatient stay. Revenues are recognized (or measured) using the input method as therapy, nursing, and auxiliary services are provided based on our estimate of the respective transaction price. Revenues recognized by our inpatient rehabilitation segment are subject to a number of elements which impact both the overall amount of revenue realized as well as the timing of the collection of the related accounts receivable. Factors considered in determining the estimated transaction price include the patient’s total length of stay for in-house patients, each patient’s discharge destination, the proportion of patients with secondary insurance coverage and the level of reimbursement under that secondary coverage, and the amount of charges that will be disallowed by payors. Such additional factors are assumed to remain consistent with the experience for patients discharged in similar time periods for the same payor classes.

Home Health and Hospice Revenues

Home Health

Under the Medicare home health prospective payment system, we are paid by Medicare based on episodes of care. The performance obligation is the rendering of services to the patient during the term of the episode of care. An episode of care is defined as a length of stay up to 60 days, with multiple continuous episodes allowed. A base episode payment is established by the Medicare program through federal regulation. The base episode payment can be adjusted based on each patient’s health including clinical condition, functional abilities, and service needs, as well as for the applicable geographic wage index, low utilization, patient transfers, and other factors. The services covered by the episode payment include all disciplines of care in addition to medical supplies.

We bill a portion of reimbursement from each Medicare episode near the start of each episode, and the resulting cash payment is typically received before all services are rendered. As we provide home health services to our patients on a scheduled basis over the episode of care in a manner that approximates a pro rata pattern, revenue for the episode of care is recorded over an average length of treatment period using a calendar day prorating method. The amount of revenue recognized for episodes of care which are incomplete at period end is based on the pro rata number of days in the episode which have been completed as of the period end date. As of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the difference between the cash received from Medicare for a request for anticipated payment on episodes in progress and the associated estimated revenue was not material and was recorded in Other current liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We are subject to certain Medicare regulations affecting outlier revenue if our patient’s care was unusually costly. Regulations require a cap on all outlier revenue at 10% of total Medicare revenue received by each provider during a cost reporting year. Management has reviewed the potential cap. Adjustments to the transaction price for the outlier cap were not material as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

For episodic-based rates that are paid by other insurance carriers, including Medicare Advantage, we recognize revenue in a similar manner as discussed above for Medicare revenues. However, these rates can vary based upon the negotiated terms. For non-episodic-based revenue, revenue is recorded on an accrual basis based upon the date of service at amounts equal to our estimated per-visit transaction price. Price concessions, including contractual allowances for the differences between our standard rates and the applicable contracted rates, as well as estimated uncollectible amounts from patients, are recorded as decreases to the transaction price.

Hospice

Medicare revenues for hospice are recognized and recorded on an accrual basis using the input method based on the number of days a patient has been on service at amounts equal to an estimated daily or hourly payment rate. The performance obligation is the rendering of services to the patient during each day that they are on hospice care. The payment rate is dependent on whether a patient is receiving routine home care, general inpatient care, continuous home care or respite care. Adjustments to Medicare revenues are recorded based on an inability to obtain appropriate billing documentation or authorizations acceptable to the payor or other reasons unrelated to credit risk. Hospice companies are subject to two specific payment limit caps under the Medicare program. One limit relates to inpatient care days that exceed 20% of the total days of hospice care provided for the year. The second limit relates to an aggregate Medicare reimbursement cap calculated by the MAC. Adjustments to the transaction price for these caps were not material as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

For non-Medicare hospice revenues, we record gross revenue on an accrual basis based upon the date of service at amounts equal to our estimated per day transaction price. Price concessions, including contractual adjustments for the difference between our standard rates and the amounts estimated to be realizable from patients and third parties for services provided, are recorded as decreases to the transaction price and thus reduce our Net operating revenues.

Marketable Securities

Marketable Securities—

Effective January 1, 2018, in connection with the adoption of ASU 2016-01, we record all equity securities with readily determinable fair values and for which we do not exercise significant influence at fair value and record the change in fair value for the reporting period in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Prior to January 1, 2018, we recorded all equity securities with readily determinable fair values and for which we did not exercise significant influence as available-for-sale securities. We carried the available-for-sale securities at fair value and reported unrealized holding gains or losses, net of income taxes, in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, which is a separate component of shareholders’ equity. We recognized realized gains and losses in our consolidated statements of operations using the specific identification method. Unrealized losses were charged against earnings when a decline in fair value was determined to be other than temporary. Management reviewed several factors to determine whether a loss was other than temporary, such as the length of time a security is in an unrealized loss position, the extent to which fair value is less than cost, the financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, industry, or geographic area and our ability and intent to hold the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable—

We report accounts receivable from services rendered at their estimated transaction price which takes into account price concessions from federal and state agencies (under the Medicare and Medicaid programs), managed care health plans, commercial insurance companies, workers’ compensation programs, employers, and patients. Our accounts receivable are concentrated by type of payor. The concentration of patient service accounts receivable by payor class, as a percentage of total patient service accounts receivable, is as follows:

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Medicare	74.5	%	75.1	%
Managed care and other discount plans, including Medicare Advantage	17.8	%	17.4	%
Medicaid	2.8	%	2.4	%
Other third-party payors	2.8	%	2.9	%
Workers' compensation	1.2	%	1.3	%
Patients	0.9	%	0.9	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

While revenues and accounts receivable from the Medicare program are significant to our operations, we do not believe there are significant credit risks associated with this government agency. We do not believe there are any other significant concentrations of revenues from any particular payor that would subject us to any significant credit risks in the collection of our accounts receivable.

Accounts requiring collection efforts are reviewed via system-generated work queues that automatically stage (based on age and size of outstanding balance) accounts requiring collection efforts for patient account representatives. Collection efforts include contacting the applicable party (both in writing and by telephone), providing information (both financial and clinical) to allow for payment or to overturn payor decisions to deny payment, and arranging payment plans with self-pay patients, among other techniques. When we determine all in-house efforts have been exhausted or it is a more prudent use of resources, accounts may be turned over to a collection agency.

The collection of outstanding receivables from Medicare, managed care payors, other third-party payors, and patients is our primary source of cash and is critical to our operating performance. While it is our policy to verify insurance prior to a patient being admitted, there are various exceptions that can occur. Such exceptions include instances where we are (1) unable to obtain verification because the patient’s insurance company was unable to be reached or contacted, (2) a determination is made that a patient may be eligible for benefits under various government programs, such as Medicaid, and it takes several days, weeks, or months before qualification for such benefits is confirmed or denied, and (3) the patient is transferred to our hospital from an acute care hospital without having access to a credit card, cash, or check to pay the applicable patient responsibility amounts (i.e., deductibles and co-payments).

Our primary collection risks relate to patient responsibility amounts and claims reviews conducted by MACs or other contractors. Patient responsibility amounts include accounts for which the patient was the primary payor or the primary insurance carrier has paid the amounts covered by the applicable agreement, but patient co-payment amounts remain outstanding. Changes in the economy, such as increased unemployment rates or periods of recession, can further exacerbate our ability to collect patient responsibility amounts.

If actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material. Changes in general economic conditions, business office operations, payor mix, or trends in federal or state governmental and private employer healthcare coverage could affect our collection of accounts receivable, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements—

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” and has subsequently issued supplemental and/or clarifying ASUs (collectively “ASC 606”). ASC 606 outlines a five-step framework that supersedes the principles for recognizing revenue and eliminates industry-specific guidance. In addition, ASC 606 revises current disclosure requirements in an effort to help financial statement users better understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. We adopted ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective model. The primary impact of adopting under ASC 606 is that all amounts we previously presented as Provision for doubtful accounts are now considered an implicit price concession in determining Net operating revenues. Such concessions reduce the transaction price and therefore Net operating revenues, as shown below. Adopting ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective transition method had the following impact to our previously reported condensed consolidated statements of operations (in millions):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017							For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment for ASC 606			Restated		As Previously Reported		Adjustment for ASC 606			Restated
Net operating revenues	$	995.6	$	(14.0	)	$	981.6	$	2,951.7	$	(46.6	)	$	2,905.1
Provision for doubtful accounts	$	12.6	$	(12.6	)	$	—	$	42.7	$	(42.7	)	$	—
Other operating expenses	$	137.6	$	(1.4	)	$	136.2	$	397.2	$	(3.9	)	$	393.3
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9	$	—		$	65.9	$	195.7	$	—		$	195.7

In addition, the adoption of ASC 606 resulted in increased disclosure, including qualitative and quantitative disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. See the "Net Operating Revenues" and "Accounts Receivable" sections of this note. Except for the adjustments discussed above, the adoption of ASC 606 did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments - Overall (Topic 825): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” This standard revises the classification and measurement of investments in certain equity investments and the presentation of certain fair value changes for certain financial liabilities measured at fair value. This revised standard requires the change in fair value of many equity investments to be recognized in Net income. This revised standard requires a modified retrospective application with a cumulative effect adjustment recognized in retained earnings as of the date of adoption and was effective for our interim and annual periods beginning January 1, 2018. During the first quarter of 2018, we recognized mark-to-market gains and losses associated with our available-for-sale equity securities through Net income instead of Accumulated other comprehensive income. The adoption of this guidance resulted in an immaterial impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements. See the "Marketable Securities" section of this note.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments,” to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. In addition, the standard clarifies when cash receipts and cash payments have aspects of more than one class of cash flows and cannot be separated, classification will depend on the predominant source or use. The new guidance requires retrospective application and was effective for our annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The clarification that debt prepayment premiums or debt extinguishment costs should be classified as financing activities resulted in an immaterial increase in operating cash inflows and a corresponding increase in financing cash outflows on our condensed consolidated statement of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the consolidated statement of cash flows for the twelve months ended December 31, 2017, when presented.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230), Restricted Cash,” to clarify how entities should present restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance requires amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents be included with Cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the total beginning and ending amounts for the periods shown on the statement of cash flows. The new guidance requires retrospective application and is effective for our annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The adoption of this guidance resulted in an immaterial decrease to previously reported Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and a corresponding increase to previously reported Increase in cash and cash equivalents (which is now captioned Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, pursuant to the adoption of this guidance). In addition, as noted above, we added a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted—

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” and has subsequently issued supplemental and/or clarifying ASUs (collectively “ASC 842”), in order to increase transparency and comparability by recognizing lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. Under ASC 842, lessees will recognize a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability for all leases other than leases that meet the definition of a short-term lease. The liability will be equal to the present value of future minimum lease payments. The asset will be based on the liability, subject to adjustment, such as for initial direct costs. For income statement purposes, the FASB retained a dual model, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance. Operating leases will result in straight-line expense while finance leases will result in an expense pattern similar to current capital leases. Classification will be based on criteria that are similar to those applied in current lease accounting. ASC 842 will be effective for our annual reporting period beginning on January 1, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. We currently plan to adopt ASC 842 in the first quarter of 2019 using the modified retrospective approach and will recognize any cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of Accumulated deficit in that period. While we are currently assessing the impact this guidance may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements, we expect that virtually all of our existing operating leases will be reflected as right-of-use assets and liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets under the new standard. We have received the necessary updates to our leasing software and are preparing for implementation. See Note 6, Property and Equipment, to the consolidated financial statements accompanying the 2017 Form 10-K for disclosure related to our operating leases.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326),” which provides guidance for accounting for credit losses on financial instruments. The new guidance introduces an approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments and modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. The new guidance is effective for our annual reporting period beginning January 1, 2020, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted beginning January 1, 2019. We continue to review the requirements of this standard and any potential impact it may have on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

We do not believe any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards will have a material effect on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

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Basis of Presentation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Concentration of Net Operating Revenues by Payor

Our Net operating revenues disaggregated by payor source and segment are as follows (in millions):

	Inpatient Rehabilitation				Home Health and Hospice				Consolidated
	Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	$	600.5	$	576.3	$	205.7	$	169.9	$	806.2	$	746.2
Medicare Advantage	75.0		63.5		22.7		19.1		97.7		82.6
Managed care	85.1		82.8		8.6		7.8		93.7		90.6
Medicaid	25.7		25.5		4.1		0.9		29.8		26.4
Other third-party payors	11.8		12.5		—		—		11.8		12.5
Workers’ compensation	6.9		7.2		0.5		—		7.4		7.2
Patients	5.3		4.6		0.1		0.2		5.4		4.8
Other income	15.3		11.1		0.3		0.2		15.6		11.3
Total	$	825.6	$	783.5	$	242.0	$	198.1	$	1,067.6	$	981.6

	Inpatient Rehabilitation				Home Health and Hospice				Consolidated
	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2018		2017
Medicare	$	1,832.1	$	1,719.2	$	581.8	$	483.7	$	2,413.9	$	2,202.9
Medicare Advantage	226.2		195.4		64.5		56.4		290.7		251.8
Managed care	256.7		253.0		24.9		21.5		281.6		274.5
Medicaid	77.2		70.2		7.3		3.3		84.5		73.5
Other third-party payors	36.5		36.4		—		—		36.5		36.4
Workers’ compensation	21.1		21.1		0.8		0.1		21.9		21.2
Patients	14.1		13.0		0.8		0.6		14.9		13.6
Other income	36.6		30.6		0.7		0.6		37.3		31.2
Total	$	2,500.5	$	2,338.9	$	680.8	$	566.2	$	3,181.3	$	2,905.1

The concentration of patient service accounts receivable by payor class, as a percentage of total patient service accounts receivable, is as follows:

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Medicare	74.5	%	75.1	%
Managed care and other discount plans, including Medicare Advantage	17.8	%	17.4	%
Medicaid	2.8	%	2.4	%
Other third-party payors	2.8	%	2.9	%
Workers' compensation	1.2	%	1.3	%
Patients	0.9	%	0.9	%
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%

Schedule of New Accounting Pronouncements and Changes in Accounting Principles [Table Text Block]

Adopting ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 using the full retrospective transition method had the following impact to our previously reported condensed consolidated statements of operations (in millions):

	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017							For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	As Previously Reported		Adjustment for ASC 606			Restated		As Previously Reported		Adjustment for ASC 606			Restated
Net operating revenues	$	995.6	$	(14.0	)	$	981.6	$	2,951.7	$	(46.6	)	$	2,905.1
Provision for doubtful accounts	$	12.6	$	(12.6	)	$	—	$	42.7	$	(42.7	)	$	—
Other operating expenses	$	137.6	$	(1.4	)	$	136.2	$	397.2	$	(3.9	)	$	393.3
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9	$	—		$	65.9	$	195.7	$	—		$	195.7

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Business Combinations (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Schedule of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed at the Acquisition Date

The preliminary fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date were as follows (in millions):

Cash and cash equivalents	$	1.3
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	0.3
Property and equipment, net	0.6
Identifiable intangible assets:
Noncompete agreements (useful lives of 5 years)	0.5
Trade name (useful life of 1 year)	1.4
Certificates of need (useful lives of 10 years)	16.6
Licenses (useful lives of 10 years)	21.6
Goodwill	97.0
Total assets acquired	139.3
Liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable	4.3
Accrued payroll	4.0
Total liabilities assumed	8.3
Net assets acquired	$	131.0

The fair value of the assets acquired at the acquisition date were as follows (in millions):

Identifiable intangible assets:
Noncompete agreements (useful lives of 5 years)	$	0.2
Licenses (useful lives of 10 years)	0.8
Goodwill	5.1
Total assets acquired	$	6.1

The preliminary fair value of the assets acquired at the acquisition date were as follows (in millions):

Identifiable intangible assets:
Noncompete agreement (useful life of 3 years)	$	0.6
Trade name (useful life of 20 years)	1.4
Certificate of need (useful life of 20 years)	7.7
Goodwill	6.4
Total assets acquired	$	16.1

Schedule of Noncash or Part Noncash Acquisitions

Information regarding the net cash paid for the inpatient rehabilitation acquisitions during each period presented is as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Fair value of assets acquired	$	9.7		$	5.4		$	9.7		$	11.0
Goodwill	6.4			9.0			6.4			24.0
Fair value of noncontrolling interest owned by joint venture partner	(16.1		)	(14.4		)	(16.1		)	(24.1		)
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	10.9

Information regarding the net cash paid for the other home health and hospice acquisitions during each period presented is as follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017			2018		2017
Fair value of assets acquired	$	—	$	2.7		$	1.0	$	5.4
Goodwill	—		13.1			5.1		20.5
Fair value of liabilities assumed	—		(0.1		)	—		(0.2		)
Net cash paid for acquisitions	$	—	$	15.7		$	6.1	$	25.7

Information regarding the net cash paid for Camellia is as follows (in millions):

Fair value of assets acquired, net of $1.3 million of cash acquired	$	41.0
Goodwill	97.0
Fair value of liabilities assumed	(8.3		)
Net cash paid for acquisition	$	129.7

Summary of Actual and Pro Forma Results of Operations for Acquisitions

The following table summarizes the results of operations of the above mentioned acquisitions from their respective dates of acquisition included in our consolidated results of operations and the unaudited pro forma results of operations of the combined entity had the date of the acquisitions been January 1, 2017 (in millions):

	Net Operating Revenues		Net Income Attributable to Encompass Health
Acquired entities only: Actual from acquisition date to September 30, 2018
Inpatient Rehabilitation	$	—	$	(0.9	)
Camellia	31.5		(0.5		)
All Other Home Health and Hospice	1.8		(0.1		)
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 06/01/2018-09/30/2018	1,070.9		89.2
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 06/01/2017-09/30/2017	1,007.5		70.1
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 01/01/2018-09/30/2018	3,221.9		270.7
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma from 01/01/2017-09/30/2017	2,979.7		207.6

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Variable Interest Entities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Schedule of carrying amounts and classifications of VIE's assets and liabilities

The carrying amounts and classifications of the consolidated VIEs’ assets and liabilities, which are included in our consolidated balance sheet, are as follows (in millions):

	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	0.4	$	1.2
Accounts receivable	33.5		32.6
Other current assets	5.7		5.6
Total current assets	39.6		39.4
Property and equipment, net	139.3		142.8
Goodwill	73.5		73.5
Intangible assets, net	6.6		7.7
Other long-term assets	29.6		0.7
Total assets	$	288.6	$	264.1
Liabilities
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	1.6	$	1.8
Accounts payable	5.8		6.5
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	47.0		15.9
Total current liabilities	54.4		24.2
Long-term debt, net of current portion	27.1		28.3
Total liabilities	$	81.5	$	52.5

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Investments in and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Investments in and Advances to Affiliates, Schedule of Investments [Abstract]

Schedule of Combined Results of Operations of Equity Method Affiliates

The following summarizes the combined results of operations of our equity method affiliates (on a 100% basis, in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Net operating revenues	$	10.1		$	9.9		$	31.6		$	31.0
Operating expenses	(5.9		)	(5.6		)	(19.1		)	(18.1		)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax	4.1			4.3			12.4			12.9
Net income	4.1			4.3			12.4			12.9

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Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest

The following is a summary of the activity related to our Redeemable noncontrolling interests during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions):

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017
Balance at beginning of period	$	220.9		$	138.3
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	10.3			9.9
Distributions declared	(6.6		)	(3.3		)
Contribution to joint venture	—			2.3
Purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interests	(65.1		)	—
Change in fair value	77.0			74.1
Balance at end of period	$	236.5		$	221.3

Reconciliation of Noncontrolling Interests

The following table reconciles the net income attributable to nonredeemable Noncontrolling interests, as recorded in the shareholders’ equity section of the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and the net income attributable to Redeemable noncontrolling interests, as recorded in the mezzanine section of the condensed consolidated balance sheets, to the Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests presented in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Net income attributable to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests	$	16.9	$	15.0	$	53.2	$	43.3
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	3.8		4.2		10.3		9.9
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	$	20.7	$	19.2	$	63.5	$	53.2

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis

Our financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (in millions):

			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
As of September 30, 2018	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Valuation Technique (1)
Other long-term assets:
Restricted marketable securities	$	61.4	$	—	$	61.4	$	—	M
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	236.5		—		—		236.5		I
As of December 31, 2017
Other current assets:
Current portion of restricted marketable securities	$	17.8	$	—	$	17.8	$	—	M
Other long-term assets:
Restricted marketable securities	44.2		—		44.2		—		M
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	220.9		—		—		220.9		I

⁽¹⁾ The three valuation techniques are: market approach (M), cost approach (C), and income approach (I).

Schedule of Carrying Amounts and Estimated Fair Values, Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values for all of our other financial instruments are presented in the following table (in millions):

	As of September 30, 2018				As of December 31, 2017
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Long-term debt:
Advances under revolving credit facility	$	65.0	$	65.0	$	95.0	$	95.0
Term loan facilities	283.7		285.0		294.7		296.3
5.125% Senior Notes due 2023	296.4		302.6		295.9		306.8
5.75% Senior Notes due 2024	1,194.5		1,216.4		1,193.9		1,228.5
5.75% Senior Notes due 2025	344.9		354.9		344.4		364.9
Other notes payable	92.0		92.0		82.3		82.3
Financial commitments:
Letters of credit	—		39.7		—		35.4

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Income Taxes (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending liability for unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in millions):

	Gross Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits				Accrued Interest and Penalties
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	0.3			$	—
Gross amount of increases in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior periods	0.8				0.1
Reductions to unrecognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations	(0.2		)	—	—
Balance at September 30, 2018	$	0.9			$	0.1

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Earnings per Common Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Common Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share (in millions, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Basic:
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations	$	109.4		$	85.2		$	328.1		$	249.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests included in continuing operations	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Less: Income allocated to participating securities	(0.3		)	(0.2		)	(0.9		)	(0.6		)
Income from continuing operations attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	88.4			65.8			263.7			195.3
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	(0.1		)	(0.1		)	(0.4		)	(0.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	$	88.3		$	65.7		$	263.3		$	195.1
Denominator:
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	98.0			97.8			97.9			92.3
Basic earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations	$	0.90		$	0.67		$	2.69		$	2.11
Discontinued operations	—			—			—			—
Net income	$	0.90		$	0.67		$	2.69		$	2.11
Diluted:
Numerator:
Income from continuing operations	$	109.4		$	85.2		$	328.1		$	249.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests included in continuing operations	(20.7		)	(19.2		)	(63.5		)	(53.2		)
Add: Interest on convertible debt, net of tax	—			—			—			4.6
Add: Loss on extinguishment of convertible debt, net of tax	—			—			—			6.2
Income from continuing operations attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	88.7			66.0			264.6			206.7
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	(0.1		)	(0.1		)	(0.4		)	(0.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	$	88.6		$	65.9		$	264.2		$	206.5
Denominator:
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	100.0			99.0			99.7			99.1
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations	$	0.89		$	0.67		$	2.65		$	2.08
Discontinued operations	—			—			—			—
Net income	$	0.89		$	0.67		$	2.65		$	2.08

Reconciliation of Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding

The following table sets forth the reconciliation between basic weighted average common shares outstanding and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018	2017	2018	2017
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	98.0	97.8	97.9	92.3
Convertible senior subordinated notes	—	—	—	5.4
Restricted stock awards, dilutive stock options, and restricted stock units	2.0	1.2	1.8	1.4
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	100.0	99.0	99.7	99.1

Schedule of Warrants

The following table summarizes information relating to these warrants and their activity through their expiration date (number of warrants in millions):

	Number of Warrants		Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Common stock warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2016	8.2		$	41.40
Cashless exercise	(6.5	)	41.40
Cash exercise	(0.6	)	41.40
Expired	(1.1	)	41.40
Common stock warrants outstanding as of January 17, 2017	—

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Segment Reporting (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment

Selected financial information for our reportable segments is as follows (in millions):

	Inpatient Rehabilitation												Home Health and Hospice
	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2018			2017			2018			2017
Net operating revenues	$	825.6		$	783.5		$	2,500.5		$	2,338.9		$	242.0		$	198.1		$	680.8		$	566.2
Operating expenses:
Inpatient rehabilitation:
Salaries and benefits	423.6			403.2			1,264.3			1,195.7			—			—			—			—
Other operating expenses	124.3			117.4			374.1			342.1			—			—			—			—
Supplies	33.6			33.1			104.2			100.6			—			—			—			—
Occupancy costs	15.9			15.7			47.4			46.3			—			—			—			—
Home health and hospice:
Cost of services sold (excluding depreciation and amortization)	—			—			—			—			114.6			92.1			322.3			267.3
Support and overhead costs	—			—			—			—			82.4			68.9			235.2			203.4
	597.4			569.4			1,790.0			1,684.7			197.0			161.0			557.5			470.7
Other income	(1.8		)	(1.0		)	(3.5		)	(2.9		)	—			—			(0.5		)	—
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(1.9		)	(1.9		)	(5.5		)	(5.6		)	(0.2		)	(0.2		)	(0.9		)	(0.6		)
Noncontrolling interests	19.0			16.7			59.3			48.6			2.0			2.5			6.4			4.6
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	212.9		$	200.3		$	660.2		$	614.1		$	43.2		$	34.8		$	118.3		$	91.5
Capital expenditures	$	64.5		$	59.1		$	181.1		$	164.7		$	1.7		$	1.7		$	7.7		$	5.6

Reconciliation of Assets from Segment to Consolidated

	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017
Total assets for reportable segments	$	5,172.4		$	4,939.6
Reclassification of deferred income tax liabilities to net deferred income tax assets	(40.5		)	(45.9		)
Total consolidated assets	$	5,131.9		$	4,893.7

	Inpatient Rehabilitation		Home Health and Hospice		Encompass Health Consolidated
As of September 30, 2018
Total assets	$	3,875.1	$	1,297.3	$	5,131.9
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates	9.8		2.9		12.7
As of December 31, 2017
Total assets	$	3,789.1	$	1,150.5	$	4,893.7
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates	9.3		2.6		11.9

Reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA to Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Tax Expense

Segment reconciliations (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017
Total segment Adjusted EBITDA	$	256.1		$	235.1		$	778.5		$	705.6
General and administrative expenses	(49.9		)	(39.7		)	(165.9		)	(128.6		)
Depreciation and amortization	(51.2		)	(46.2		)	(146.8		)	(137.2		)
Gain (loss) on disposal of assets	1.0			(3.0		)	(2.2		)	(3.3		)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			(0.3		)	—			(10.7		)
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	(37.3		)	(36.8		)	(110.6		)	(118.5		)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	20.7			19.2			63.5			53.2
SARs mark-to-market impact on noncontrolling interests	0.3			—			2.2			—
Change in fair market value of equity securities	(0.1		)	—			(1.1		)	—
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	$	139.6		$	128.3		$	417.6		$	360.5

Reconciliation of Revenue from Segments to Consolidated

Additional detail regarding the revenues of our operating segments by service line follows (in millions):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017
Inpatient rehabilitation:
Inpatient	$	798.4	$	758.2	$	2,425.1	$	2,262.4
Outpatient and other	27.2		25.3		75.4		76.5
Total inpatient rehabilitation	825.6		783.5		2,500.5		2,338.9
Home health and hospice:
Home health	209.2		180.3		599.3		516.1
Hospice	32.8		17.8		81.5		50.1
Total home health and hospice	242.0		198.1		680.8		566.2
Total net operating revenues	$	1,067.6	$	981.6	$	3,181.3	$	2,905.1

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Condensed Consolidating Financial Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2018

Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Operations

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	4.8		$	574.5		$	520.6		$	(32.3	)	$	1,067.6
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	11.3			278.2			308.2			(5.4		)	592.3
Other operating expenses	9.9			80.3			64.7			(12.0		)	142.9
Occupancy costs	0.5			23.9			10.1			(14.9		)	19.6
Supplies	—			22.7			15.9			—			38.6
General and administrative expenses	38.8			—			11.1			—			49.9
Depreciation and amortization	4.4			26.6			20.2			—			51.2
Total operating expenses	64.9			431.7			430.2			(32.3		)	894.5
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	31.6			5.1			7.4			(6.8		)	37.3
Other income	(6.9		)	(0.3		)	(1.3		)	6.8			(1.7		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(1.9		)	(0.2		)	—			(2.1		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(117.7		)	(15.0		)	—			132.7			—
Management fees	(37.9		)	28.0			9.9			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	70.8			126.9			74.6			(132.7		)	139.6
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(17.9		)	34.2			13.9			—			30.2
Income from continuing operations	88.7			92.7			60.7			(132.7		)	109.4
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1		)	—			—			—			(0.1		)
Net income	88.6			92.7			60.7			(132.7		)	109.3
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(20.7		)	—			(20.7		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	92.7		$	40.0		$	(132.7	)	$	88.6
Comprehensive income	$	88.6		$	92.7		$	60.7		$	(132.7	)	$	109.3
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	88.6		$	92.7		$	40.0		$	(132.7	)	$	88.6

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	5.3		$	547.5		$	460.2		$	(31.4	)	$	981.6
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	9.1			266.4			271.9			(5.3		)	542.1
Other operating expenses	8.0			83.6			56.8			(12.2		)	136.2
Occupancy costs	0.4			23.4			8.7			(13.9		)	18.6
Supplies	—			22.4			14.1			—			36.5
General and administrative expenses	35.6			—			4.1			—			39.7
Depreciation and amortization	2.0			25.8			18.4			—			46.2
Total operating expenses	55.1			421.6			374.0			(31.4		)	819.3
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0.3			—			—			—			0.3
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	30.8			5.3			6.3			(5.6		)	36.8
Other income	(5.7		)	(0.1		)	(0.8		)	5.6			(1.0		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(1.9		)	(0.2		)	—			(2.1		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(85.0		)	(11.8		)	—			96.8			—
Management fees	(35.8		)	26.4			9.4			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	45.6			108.0			71.5			(96.8		)	128.3
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(20.4		)	43.1			20.4			—			43.1
Income from continuing operations	66.0			64.9			51.1			(96.8		)	85.2
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1		)	—			—			—			(0.1		)
Net income	65.9			64.9			51.1			(96.8		)	85.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(19.2		)	—			(19.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9		$	64.9		$	31.9		$	(96.8	)	$	65.9
Comprehensive income	$	65.9		$	64.9		$	51.1		$	(96.8	)	$	85.1
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	65.9		$	64.9		$	31.9		$	(96.8	)	$	65.9

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	15.9		$	1,743.0		$	1,520.5		$	(98.1	)	$	3,181.3
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	33.9			835.1			887.9			(16.2		)	1,740.7
Other operating expenses	27.6			253.8			189.5			(37.4		)	433.5
Occupancy costs	1.5			71.5			29.2			(44.5		)	57.7
Supplies	—			70.6			47.2			—			117.8
General and administrative expenses	119.4			—			46.5			—			165.9
Depreciation and amortization	9.9			79.4			57.5			—			146.8
Total operating expenses	192.3			1,310.4			1,257.8			(98.1		)	2,662.4
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	93.3			15.5			20.3			(18.5		)	110.6
Other income	(17.8		)	(0.8		)	(2.8		)	18.5			(2.9		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(5.5		)	(0.9		)	—			(6.4		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(347.1		)	(50.4		)	—			397.5			—
Management fees	(114.8		)	84.5			30.3			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	210.0			389.3			215.8			(397.5		)	417.6
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(54.6		)	104.9			39.2			—			89.5
Income from continuing operations	264.6			284.4			176.6			(397.5		)	328.1
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.4		)	—			—			—			(0.4		)
Net income	264.2			284.4			176.6			(397.5		)	327.7
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(63.5		)	—			(63.5		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	264.2		$	284.4		$	113.1		$	(397.5	)	$	264.2
Comprehensive income	$	264.2		$	284.4		$	176.6		$	(397.5	)	$	327.7
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	264.2		$	284.4		$	113.1		$	(397.5	)	$	264.2

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net operating revenues	$	15.9		$	1,666.6		$	1,316.9		$	(94.3	)	$	2,905.1
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	29.1			803.7			783.0			(15.8		)	1,600.0
Other operating expenses	23.8			239.5			166.3			(36.3		)	393.3
Occupancy costs	1.4			70.0			25.6			(42.2		)	54.8
Supplies	—			69.4			41.2			—			110.6
General and administrative expenses	104.7			—			23.9			—			128.6
Depreciation and amortization	6.7			77.3			53.2			—			137.2
Total operating expenses	165.7			1,259.9			1,093.2			(94.3		)	2,424.5
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	10.7			—			—			—			10.7
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	100.5			15.9			18.1			(16.0		)	118.5
Other income	(16.5		)	(0.2		)	(2.2		)	16.0			(2.9		)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	—			(5.6		)	(0.6		)	—			(6.2		)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(256.4		)	(29.3		)	—			285.7			—
Management fees	(107.8		)	80.7			27.1			—			—
Income from continuing operations before income tax (benefit) expense	119.7			345.2			181.3			(285.7		)	360.5
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(76.2		)	137.7			49.9			—			111.4
Income from continuing operations	195.9			207.5			131.4			(285.7		)	249.1
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.2		)	—			—			—			(0.2		)
Net income	195.7			207.5			131.4			(285.7		)	248.9
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	—			—			(53.2		)	—			(53.2		)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$	195.7		$	207.5		$	78.2		$	(285.7	)	$	195.7
Comprehensive income	$	196.0		$	207.5		$	131.4		$	(285.7	)	$	249.2
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$	196.0		$	207.5		$	78.2		$	(285.7	)	$	196.0

Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheet

	As of September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation		Guarantor Subsidiaries		Nonguarantor Subsidiaries		Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	42.0	$	4.4	$	10.5	$	—		$	56.9
Restricted cash	—		—		62.1		—			62.1
Accounts receivable	0.5		266.0		191.5		—			458.0
Other current assets	43.3		17.9		40.9		(41.1		)	61.0
Total current assets	85.8		288.3		305.0		(41.1		)	638.0
Property and equipment, net	116.8		1,023.9		450.3		—			1,591.0
Goodwill	—		854.6		1,226.5		—			2,081.1
Intangible assets, net	22.4		98.1		322.7		—			443.2
Deferred income tax assets	113.9		8.5		—		(39.8		)	82.6
Other long-term assets	51.9		102.8		141.3		—			296.0
Intercompany notes receivable	551.3		—		—		(551.3		)	—
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	2,856.8		411.0		—		(3,267.8		)	—
Total assets	$	3,798.9	$	2,787.2	$	2,445.8	$	(3,900.0	)	$	5,131.9
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	34.9	$	7.3	$	12.4	$	(17.5	)	$	37.1
Accounts payable	6.5		49.1		30.4		—			86.0
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	176.8		75.6		257.7		(23.6		)	486.5
Total current liabilities	218.2		132.0		300.5		(41.1		)	609.6
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,226.9		236.7		40.3		—			2,503.9
Intercompany notes payable	—		—		551.3		(551.3		)	—
Other long-term liabilities	35.3		17.2		185.5		(39.8		)	198.2
Intercompany payable	—		—		59.7		(59.7		)	—
	2,480.4		385.9		1,137.3		(691.9		)	3,311.7
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	—		—		236.5		—			236.5
Shareholders’ equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		2,401.3		806.8		(3,208.1		)	1,318.5
Noncontrolling interests	—		—		265.2		—			265.2
Total shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		2,401.3		1,072.0		(3,208.1		)	1,583.7
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	3,798.9	$	2,787.2	$	2,445.8	$	(3,900.0	)	$	5,131.9

	As of December 31, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation		Guarantor Subsidiaries		Nonguarantor Subsidiaries		Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	34.3	$	2.9	$	17.2	$	—		$	54.4
Restricted cash	—		—		62.4		—			62.4
Accounts receivable	—		285.2		186.9		—			472.1
Other current assets	61.4		21.7		48.7		(18.5		)	113.3
Total current assets	95.7		309.8		315.2		(18.5		)	702.2
Property and equipment, net	101.8		991.5		423.8		—			1,517.1
Goodwill	—		854.6		1,118.0		—			1,972.6
Intangible assets, net	11.8		105.1		286.2		—			403.1
Deferred income tax assets	97.4		8.4		—		(42.2		)	63.6
Other long-term assets	49.2		100.5		85.4		—			235.1
Intercompany notes receivable	486.2		—		—		(486.2		)	—
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	2,839.1		311.3		—		(3,150.4		)	—
Total assets	$	3,681.2	$	2,681.2	$	2,228.6	$	(3,697.3	)	$	4,893.7
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	32.8	$	7.4	$	9.6	$	(17.5	)	$	32.3
Accounts payable	10.4		43.5		24.5		—			78.4
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	166.8		82.0		159.0		(1.0		)	406.8
Total current liabilities	210.0		132.9		193.1		(18.5		)	517.5
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,258.5		242.2		44.7		—			2,545.4
Intercompany notes payable	—		—		486.2		(486.2		)	—
Other long-term liabilities	31.0		17.8		178.6		(42.1		)	185.3
Intercompany payable	—		—		144.8		(144.8		)	—
	2,499.5		392.9		1,047.4		(691.6		)	3,248.2
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	—		—		220.9		—			220.9
Shareholders’ equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,181.7		2,288.3		717.4		(3,005.7		)	1,181.7
Noncontrolling interests	—		—		242.9		—			242.9
Total shareholders’ equity	1,181.7		2,288.3		960.3		(3,005.7		)	1,424.6
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	3,681.2	$	2,681.2	$	2,228.6	$	(3,697.3	)	$	4,893.7

Condensed Consolidating Statement of Cash Flows

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(16.4	)	$	334.8		$	265.6		$	—		$	584.0
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(23.3		)	(97.7		)	(50.5		)	—			(171.5		)
Additions to capitalized software costs	(12.1		)	—			(1.1		)	—			(13.2		)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	(129.7		)	—			(6.1		)	—			(135.8		)
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany note receivable	70.0			—			—			(70.0		)	—
Other, net	(6.8		)	2.9			(1.9		)	—			(5.8		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(101.9		)	(94.8		)	(59.6		)	(70.0		)	(326.3		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments	(13.8		)	—			(2.3		)	—			(16.1		)
Principal payments on intercompany note payable	—			—			(70.0		)	70.0			—
Borrowings on revolving credit facility	285.0			—			—			—			285.0
Payments on revolving credit facility	(315.0		)	—			—			—			(315.0		)
Dividends paid on common stock	(74.3		)	—			(0.1		)	—			(74.4		)
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates	(65.1		)	—			—			—			(65.1		)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates	—			—			(56.5		)	—			(56.5		)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld	(7.4		)	—			(0.9		)	—			(8.3		)
Other, net	3.1			(5.6		)	(0.6		)	—			(3.1		)
Change in intercompany advances	313.5			(232.9		)	(80.6		)	—			—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	126.0			(238.5		)	(211.0		)	70.0			(253.5		)
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	7.7			1.5			(5.0		)	—			4.2
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	34.3			2.9			79.6			—			116.8
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	42.0		$	4.4		$	74.6		$	—		$	121.0
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	34.3		$	2.9		$	17.2		$	—		$	54.4
Restricted cash at beginning of period	—			—			62.4			—			62.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	34.3		$	2.9		$	79.6		$	—		$	116.8
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	42.0		$	4.4		$	10.5		$	—		$	56.9
Restricted cash at end of period	—			—			62.1			—			62.1
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period	—			—			2.0			—			2.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	42.0		$	4.4		$	74.6		$	—		$	121.0
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity:
Intercompany note activity	$	(135.8	)	$	—		$	135.8		$	—		$	—

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
	Encompass Health Corporation			Guarantor Subsidiaries			Nonguarantor Subsidiaries			Eliminating Entries			Encompass Health Consolidated
	(In Millions)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	42.3		$	261.5		$	203.1		$	—		$	506.9
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(23.5		)	(67.7		)	(64.5		)	—			(155.7		)
Additions to capitalized software costs	(12.1		)	(0.2		)	(2.3		)	—			(14.6		)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	(10.9		)	—			(25.7		)	—			(36.6		)
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany note receivable	33.0			—			—			(33.0		)	—
Other, net	(2.7		)	11.7			(1.4		)	—			7.6
Net cash used in investing activities	(16.2		)	(56.2		)	(93.9		)	(33.0		)	(199.3		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments	(123.1		)	—			(2.3		)	—			(125.4		)
Principal payments on intercompany note payable	—			—			(33.0		)	33.0			—
Borrowings on revolving credit facility	241.3			—			—			—			241.3
Payments on revolving credit facility	(255.3		)	—			—			—			(255.3		)
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses	(38.1		)	—			—			—			(38.1		)
Dividends paid on common stock	(67.0		)	—			—			—			(67.0		)
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants	26.6			—			—			—			26.6
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates	—			—			(38.3		)	—			(38.3		)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld	(19.5		)	—			(0.3		)	—			(19.8		)
Other, net	(2.6		)	(5.0		)	13.0			—			5.4
Change in intercompany advances	237.4			(198.6		)	(38.8		)	—			—
Net cash used in financing activities	(0.3		)	(203.6		)	(99.7		)	33.0			(270.6		)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	25.8			1.7			9.5			—			37.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	20.6			1.6			79.2			—			101.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	46.4		$	3.3		$	88.7		$	—		$	138.4
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	$	20.6		$	1.6		$	18.3		$	—		$	40.5
Restricted cash at beginning of period	—			—			60.9			—			60.9
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period	$	20.6		$	1.6		$	79.2		$	—		$	101.4
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	46.4		$	3.3		$	17.9		$	—		$	67.6
Restricted cash at end of period	—			—			70.8			—			70.8
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	46.4		$	3.3		$	88.7		$	—		$	138.4
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity:
Conversion of convertible debt	$	319.4		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	319.4

XML

Basis of Presentation - Table 1 (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($) state	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($) state	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2017
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	$ 1,067.6	$ 981.6	$ 3,181.3	$ 2,905.1
Number of states in which entity operates | state	36		36
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	$ 825.6	783.5	$ 2,500.5	2,338.9
Number of states in which entity operates | state	31		31
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	$ 242.0	198.1	$ 680.8	566.2
Number of states in which entity operates | state	30		30
Net operating revenues [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	$ 1,067.6	981.6	$ 3,181.3	2,905.1
Net operating revenues [Member] | Other income [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	15.6	11.3	37.3	31.2
Net operating revenues [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	825.6	783.5	2,500.5	2,338.9
Net operating revenues [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Other income [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	15.3	11.1	36.6	30.6
Net operating revenues [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	242.0	198.1	680.8	566.2
Net operating revenues [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Other income [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	0.3	0.2	0.7	0.6
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Medicare [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	806.2	746.2	2,413.9	2,202.9
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Medicare Advantage [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	97.7	82.6	290.7	251.8
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Managed Care [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	93.7	90.6	281.6	274.5
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Medicaid [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	29.8	26.4	84.5	73.5
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Other third-party payors [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	11.8	12.5	36.5	36.4
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Workers' compensation [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	7.4	7.2	21.9	21.2
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Medicare [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	600.5	576.3	1,832.1	1,719.2
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Medicare Advantage [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	75.0	63.5	226.2	195.4
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Managed Care [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	85.1	82.8	256.7	253.0
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Medicaid [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	25.7	25.5	77.2	70.2
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Other third-party payors [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	11.8	12.5	36.5	36.4
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Workers' compensation [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	6.9	7.2	21.1	21.1
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Medicare [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	205.7	169.9	581.8	483.7
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Medicare Advantage [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	22.7	19.1	64.5	56.4
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Managed Care [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	8.6	7.8	24.9	21.5
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Medicaid [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	4.1	0.9	7.3	3.3
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Other third-party payors [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net operating revenues [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Workers' compensation [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	0.5	0.0	0.8	0.1
Net operating revenues [Member] | Self-Pay [Member] | Patients [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	5.4	4.8	14.9	13.6
Net operating revenues [Member] | Self-Pay [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Patients [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	5.3	4.6	14.1	13.0
Net operating revenues [Member] | Self-Pay [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Patients [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	$ 0.1	$ 0.2	$ 0.8	$ 0.6
Accounts receivable [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues by payor source (percent)			100.00%		100.00%
Accounts receivable [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Medicare [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues by payor source (percent)			74.50%		75.10%
Accounts receivable [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Managed Care, Medicare Advantage and Other Discount Plans [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues by payor source (percent)			17.80%		17.40%
Accounts receivable [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Medicaid [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues by payor source (percent)			2.80%		2.40%
Accounts receivable [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Other third-party payors [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues by payor source (percent)			2.80%		2.90%
Accounts receivable [Member] | Third-Party Payor [Member] | Workers' compensation [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues by payor source (percent)			1.20%		1.30%
Accounts receivable [Member] | Self-Pay [Member] | Patients [Member] | Payor Source [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Net operating revenues by payor source (percent)			0.90%		0.90%

XML

Basis of Presentation Basis of Presentation - Table 2 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	$ 1,067.6	$ 981.6	$ 3,181.3	$ 2,905.1
Other operating expenses	142.9	136.2	433.5	393.3
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	$ 88.6	65.9	$ 264.2	195.7
Adjustments for New Accounting Pronouncement [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net operating revenues		981.6		2,905.1
Provision for doubtful accounts		0.0		0.0
Other operating expenses		136.2		393.3
Net income attributable to Encompass Health		65.9		195.7
Adjustments for ASC 606 [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net operating revenues		(14.0)		(46.6)
Provision for doubtful accounts		(12.6)		(42.7)
Other operating expenses		(1.4)		(3.9)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health		0.0		0.0
As Reported [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net operating revenues		995.6		2,951.7
Provision for doubtful accounts		12.6		42.7
Other operating expenses		137.6		397.2
Net income attributable to Encompass Health		$ 65.9		$ 195.7

XML

Basis of Presentation Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Textual (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018 state
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Number of states in which entity operates	36
Collection success rate of denied payments (percent)	70.00%
RAC Audits [Member] | Medicare [Member] | Payor Source [Member] | Net operating revenues [Member]
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Net operating revenues by payor source (percent)	1.00%

XML

Business Combinations - Textual (Details) $ in Millions	2 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Sep. 05, 2018 bed	Jun. 01, 2018 location	Jan. 01, 2018 location
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Murrells Inlet [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business Acquisition, Percentage of Voting Interests Acquired			62.00%
Number of Beds Acquired | bed			29
Number of Certificate of Need Beds Acquired | bed			60
Number of De Novo Beds | bed			46
Business Acquisition, Goodwill, Expected Tax Deductible Amount | $		$ 0.0
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business Acquisition, Goodwill, Expected Tax Deductible Amount | $		97.0
Hospice [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Golden Age Hospice, Inc. [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Number of Locations of an Acquired Entity | location					1
Hospice [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Medical Services of America [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Number of Locations of an Acquired Entity | location				1
Hospice [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Golden Age and MSA [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business Acquisition, Goodwill, Expected Tax Deductible Amount | $		$ 5.1
Noncompete agreements [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Murrells Inlet [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life		3 years
Noncompete agreements [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life	5 years
Noncompete agreements [Member] | Hospice [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Golden Age and MSA [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life		5 years
Trade name [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Murrells Inlet [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life		20 years
Trade name [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life	1 year
Certificates of need [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Murrells Inlet [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life		20 years
Certificates of need [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life	10 years
Licenses [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life	10 years
Licenses [Member] | Hospice [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Golden Age and MSA [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired Finite-lived Intangible Assets, Weighted Average Useful Life		10 years

XML

Business Combinations - Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2018	May 01, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 2,081.1		$ 1,972.6
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Murrells Inlet [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	6.4
Total assets acquired	16.1
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Murrells Inlet [Member] | Noncompete agreements [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets	0.6
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Murrells Inlet [Member] | Trade name [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets	1.4
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Murrells Inlet [Member] | Certificates of need [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets	7.7
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 1.3
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		0.3
Property and equipment, net		0.6
Goodwill		97.0
Total assets acquired		139.3
Accounts payable		4.3
Accrued payroll		4.0
Total liabilities assumed		8.3
Net assets acquired		131.0
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member] | Noncompete agreements [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets		0.5
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member] | Trade name [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets		1.4
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member] | Certificates of need [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets		16.6
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member] | Licenses [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets		$ 21.6
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Golden Age and MSA [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	5.1
Total assets acquired	6.1
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Golden Age and MSA [Member] | Noncompete agreements [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets	0.2
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Golden Age and MSA [Member] | Licenses [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets	$ 0.8

XML

Business Combinations - Net Cash Paid for Acquisitions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 01, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Net cash paid for acquisition				$ 135.8	$ 36.6
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Camellia Healthcare [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Fair value of assets acquired	$ 41.0
Goodwill	97.0
Fair value of liabilities assumed	(8.3)
Net cash paid for acquisition	$ 129.7
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Golden Age and MSA [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Fair value of assets acquired		$ 0.0	$ 2.7	1.0	5.4
Goodwill		0.0	13.1	5.1	20.5
Fair value of liabilities assumed		0.0	(0.1)	0.0	(0.2)
Net cash paid for acquisition		0.0	15.7	6.1	25.7
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Murrells Inlet [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Fair value of assets acquired		9.7	5.4	9.7	11.0
Goodwill		6.4	9.0	6.4	24.0
Fair value of noncontrolling interest owned by joint venture partner		(16.1)	(14.4)	(16.1)	(24.1)
Net cash paid for acquisition		$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0	$ 10.9

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Business Combinations - Pro Forma Results of Operation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	2 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma, Net Operating Revenues		$ 1,070.9	$ 1,007.5	$ 3,221.9	$ 2,979.7
Combined entity: Supplemental pro forma, Net Income Attributable to Encompass Health		$ 89.2	$ 70.1	270.7	$ 207.6
Murrells Inlet [Member] | Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired entity only: Actual from acquisition date to September 30, 2018, Net Operating Revenues				0.0
Acquired entities only: Actual from acquisition date to September 30, 2018, Net Income Attributable to Encompass Health				(0.9)
Camellia Healthcare [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired entity only: Actual from acquisition date to September 30, 2018, Net Operating Revenues	$ 31.5
Acquired entities only: Actual from acquisition date to September 30, 2018, Net Income Attributable to Encompass Health	$ (0.5)
Golden Age and MSA [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquired entity only: Actual from acquisition date to September 30, 2018, Net Operating Revenues				1.8
Acquired entities only: Actual from acquisition date to September 30, 2018, Net Income Attributable to Encompass Health				$ (0.1)

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Variable Interest Entities - Textual (Details) - Consolidated Limited Partnership-like Entities [Member] - entity	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Number of consolidated limited partnership-like entities	10	10
Minimum [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest in consolidated entities (percent)	6.80%
Maximum [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Ownership interest in consolidated entities (percent)	99.50%

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Variable Interest Entities - Table 1 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 56.9		$ 54.4	$ 67.6	$ 40.5
Accounts receivable	458.0		472.1
Other current assets	61.0		113.3
Total current assets	638.0		702.2
Property and equipment, net	1,591.0		1,517.1
Goodwill	2,081.1		1,972.6
Intangible assets, net	443.2		403.1
Other long-term assets	296.0		235.1
Total assets	5,131.9	[1]	4,893.7
Current portion of long-term debt	37.1		32.3
Accounts payable	86.0		78.4
Total current liabilities	609.6		517.5
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,503.9		2,545.4
Total Liabilities	3,311.7		3,248.2
Consolidated VIEs [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	0.4		1.2
Accounts receivable	33.5		32.6
Other current assets	5.7		5.6
Total current assets	39.6		39.4
Property and equipment, net	139.3		142.8
Goodwill	73.5		73.5
Intangible assets, net	6.6		7.7
Other long-term assets	29.6		0.7
Total assets	288.6		264.1
Current portion of long-term debt	1.6		1.8
Accounts payable	5.8		6.5
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	47.0		15.9
Total current liabilities	54.4		24.2
Long-term debt, net of current portion	27.1		28.3
Total Liabilities	$ 81.5		$ 52.5

[1] Our consolidated assets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total assets of variable interest entities of $288.6 million and $264.1 million, respectively, which cannot be used by us to settle the obligations of other entities. Our consolidated liabilities as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total liabilities of the variable interest entities of $81.5 million and $52.5 million, respectively. See Note 3, Variable Interest Entities.

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Investments in and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates - Textual (Details) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($) entity	Dec. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Investments In and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates (Textual) [Abstract]
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates | $	$ 12.7	$ 11.9
Number of partially owned subsidiaries	6
Number of partially owned general or limited partnerships, limited liability companies of joint ventures	5
Minimum [Member]
Investments In and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates (Textual) [Abstract]
Ownership interest in affiliates (percent)	1.00%
Maximum [Member]
Investments In and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates (Textual) [Abstract]
Ownership interest in affiliates (percent)	60.00%

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Investments In and Advances to Nonconsolidated Affiliates - Table 1 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Investments in and Advances to Affiliates, Schedule of Investments [Abstract]
Net operating revenues	$ 10.1	$ 9.9	$ 31.6	$ 31.0
Operating expenses	(5.9)	(5.6)	(19.1)	(18.1)
Income from continuing operations, net of tax	4.1	4.3	12.4	12.9
Net income	$ 4.1	$ 4.3	$ 12.4	$ 12.9

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Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests - Table 1 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Balance at beginning of period			$ 220.9
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	$ 3.8	$ 4.2	10.3	$ 9.9
Distributions declared			(53.7)	(37.1)
Change in fair value			(66.1)	(44.4)
Balance at end of period	236.5		236.5
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest [Member]
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Balance at beginning of period			220.9	138.3
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests			10.3	9.9
Distributions declared			(6.6)	(3.3)
Contribution to joint venture			0.0	2.3
Purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interests			(65.1)	0.0
Change in fair value			77.0	74.1
Balance at end of period	$ 236.5	$ 221.3	$ 236.5	$ 221.3

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Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests - Table 2 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]
Net income attributable to nonredeemable noncontrolling interests	$ 16.9	$ 15.0	$ 53.2	$ 43.3
Net income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests	3.8	4.2	10.3	9.9
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	$ 20.7	$ 19.2	$ 63.5	$ 53.2

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Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests - Textuals (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		9 Months Ended
	Feb. 21, 2018	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2014
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Redeemable noncontrolling interests		$ 236.5		$ 220.9
Noncontrolling Interest, Decrease from Redemptions or Purchase of Interests	5.60%
Purchase of redeemable noncontrolling interests	$ 65.0	65.1	$ 0.0
EHHI [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Outstanding common stock of Holdings, Fair Value		$ 208.0
EHHI [Member] | Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member]
Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]
Redeemable noncontrolling interests					$ 64.0
Subsidiary's common stock held by subsidiary 's management, Percent					16.70%

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Fair Value Measurements - Table 1 (Details) - Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Valuation, Market Approach [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Abstract]
Current portion of restricted marketable securities		$ 17.8
Noncurrent portion of restricted marketable securities	$ 61.4	44.2
Valuation, Market Approach [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Abstract]
Current portion of restricted marketable securities		0.0
Noncurrent portion of restricted marketable securities	0.0	0.0
Valuation, Market Approach [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Abstract]
Current portion of restricted marketable securities		17.8
Noncurrent portion of restricted marketable securities	61.4	44.2
Valuation, Market Approach [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Abstract]
Current portion of restricted marketable securities		0.0
Noncurrent portion of restricted marketable securities	0.0	0.0
Valuation, Income Approach [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Abstract]
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	236.5	220.9
Valuation, Income Approach [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Abstract]
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	0.0	0.0
Valuation, Income Approach [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Abstract]
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	0.0	0.0
Valuation, Income Approach [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis [Abstract]
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	$ 236.5	$ 220.9

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Fair Value Measurements - Textuals (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017
Fair Value, Measurements, Nonrecurring [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Gains or losses related to non-financial assets and liabilities	$ 0	$ 0
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.125% Senior Notes Due 2023 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument interest rate (percent)	5.125%		5.125%
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.75% Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument interest rate (percent)	5.75%		5.75%
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.75% Senior Notes Due 2025 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument interest rate (percent)	5.75%		5.75%

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Fair Value Measurements - Table 2 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	$ 65.0	$ 95.0
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Estimated Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	65.0	95.0
Letters of Credit [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	0.0	0.0
Letters of Credit [Member] | Estimated Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	39.7	35.4
Term Loan Facilities [Member] | Term Loan Facilities [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	283.7	294.7
Term Loan Facilities [Member] | Term Loan Facilities [Member] | Estimated Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	$ 285.0	$ 296.3
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.125% Senior Notes Due 2023 [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Debt instrument interest rate (percent)	5.125%	5.125%
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.125% Senior Notes Due 2023 [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	$ 296.4	$ 295.9
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.125% Senior Notes Due 2023 [Member] | Estimated Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	$ 302.6	$ 306.8
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.75% Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Debt instrument interest rate (percent)	5.75%	5.75%
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.75% Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	$ 1,194.5	$ 1,193.9
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.75% Senior Notes Due 2024 [Member] | Estimated Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	$ 1,216.4	$ 1,228.5
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.75% Senior Notes Due 2025 [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Debt instrument interest rate (percent)	5.75%	5.75%
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.75% Senior Notes Due 2025 [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	$ 344.9	$ 344.4
Senior Notes [Member] | 5.75% Senior Notes Due 2025 [Member] | Estimated Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	354.9	364.9
Other Notes Payable [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	92.0	82.3
Other Notes Payable [Member] | Estimated Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments	$ 92.0	$ 82.3

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Share-Based Payments Textual (Details) - shares shares in Millions		4 Months Ended
	Feb. 23, 2018	May 31, 2018
Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted stock awards issued (shares)		0.5
Restricted Stock [Member] | Service Condition [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Restricted stock awards issued (shares)		0.2
Restricted Stock [Member] | Service and Performance Condition [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Performance measurement period		2 years
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock options granted (shares)	0.1

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Income Taxes - Textual (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Provision for income tax expense	$ 30.2	$ 43.1	$ 89.5	$ 111.4
Net deferred tax assets	82.6		82.6
Valuation allowance	37.1		37.1
Additional tax benefits due to approval of accounting method change					$ 51.3
Gross unrecognized tax benefits	0.9		0.9		0.3
Gross unrecognized tax benefits that would impact effective tax rate if recognized	0.9		0.9		$ 0.3
Amount of decrease in unrecognized tax benefit to be released	0.5		0.5
State and Local Jurisdiction [Member]
Income Tax Contingency [Line Items]
Operating Loss Carryforwards	$ 72.0		$ 72.0

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Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Liability for Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Dec. 31, 2017
Gross Unrecognized Income Tax Benefits
Balance at December 31, 2017	$ 0.3
Gross amount of increases in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior periods	0.8
Reductions to unrecognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations	(0.2)
Balance at September 30, 2018	0.9
Accrued Interest and Penalties
Unrecognized Tax Benefits, Accrued Interest and Penalties	0.1	$ 0.0
Gross amount of increases in unrecognized tax benefits related to prior periods	0.1
Reductions to unrecognized tax benefits as a result of a lapse of the applicable statute of limitations	$ 0.0

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Earnings per Common Share - Table 1 (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Basic Numerator:
Income from continuing operations	$ 109.4	$ 85.2	$ 328.1	$ 249.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests included in continuing operations	(20.7)	(19.2)	(63.5)	(53.2)
Less: Income allocated to participating securities	(0.3)	(0.2)	(0.9)	(0.6)
Income from continuing operations attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	88.4	65.8	263.7	195.3
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1)	(0.1)	(0.4)	(0.2)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	$ 88.3	$ 65.7	$ 263.3	$ 195.1
Basic Denominator:
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding (shares)	98.0	97.8	97.9	92.3
Basic earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ 0.90	$ 0.67	$ 2.69	$ 2.11
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Net Income (in dollars per share)	$ 0.90	$ 0.67	$ 2.69	$ 2.11
Diluted Numerator
Income from continuing operations	$ 109.4	$ 85.2	$ 328.1	$ 249.1
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests included in continuing operations	(20.7)	(19.2)	(63.5)	(53.2)
Add: Interest on convertible debt, net of tax	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.6
Add: Loss on extinguishment of convertible debt, net of tax	0.0	0.0	0.0	6.2
Income from continuing operations attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	88.7	66.0	264.6	206.7
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1)	(0.1)	(0.4)	(0.2)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders	$ 88.6	$ 65.9	$ 264.2	$ 206.5
Diluted Denominator
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (shares)	100.0	99.0	99.7	99.1
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Encompass Health common shareholders:
Continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ 0.89	$ 0.67	$ 2.65	$ 2.08
Discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Net income (in dollars per share)	$ 0.89	$ 0.67	$ 2.65	$ 2.08

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Earnings per Common Share - Table 2 (Details) - shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding (shares)	98.0	97.8	97.9	92.3
Convertible senior subordinated notes (shares)	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.4
Restricted stock awards, dilutive stock options, restricted stock units, and common stock warrants (shares)	2.0	1.2	1.8	1.4
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding (shares)	100.0	99.0	99.7	99.1

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Earnings per Common Share - Textual (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions											1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 26, 2018	Oct. 15, 2018	Jul. 24, 2018	Jul. 16, 2018	May 04, 2018	Apr. 16, 2018	Feb. 23, 2018	Jan. 16, 2018	Oct. 20, 2017	Sep. 30, 2009	Jan. 17, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Cash dividends per common share, Declared (in dollars per share)									$ 0.25			$ 0.27	$ 0.25	$ 0.77	$ 0.73
Stock warrants exercised (shares)										5.0	0.7
Class of Warrant or Right, Outstanding										8.2	0.0						8.2
Exercise price of warrants (in dollars per share)										$ 41.40	$ 41.40						$ 41.40
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants											$ 27.0			$ 0.0	$ 26.6
Common Stock
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Cash dividends per common share, Declared (in dollars per share)			$ 0.27		$ 0.25		$ 0.25
Cash dividends per common share, Paid (in dollars per share)				$ 0.25		$ 0.25		$ 0.25
Common stock dividends accrued												$ 28.2		$ 28.2		$ 25.4
Subsequent Event [Member] | Common Stock
Earnings Per Share, Diluted, by Common Class, Including Two Class Method [Line Items]
Cash dividends per common share, Declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.27
Cash dividends per common share, Paid (in dollars per share)		$ 0.27

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Earnings per Common Share Earnings per Common Share - Schedule of Warrant Activity (Details) - $ / shares shares in Millions	1 Months Ended
	Jan. 17, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Sep. 30, 2009
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Common stock warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2016	8.2
Expired	(1.1)
Common stock warrants outstanding as of January 17, 2017	0.0
Weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 41.40	$ 41.40	$ 41.40
Cashless exercise [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercised	(6.5)
Weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 41.40
Cash exercise [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercised	(0.6)
Weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)	$ 41.40

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Contingencies and Other Commitments (Details) - Pending Litigation [Member] $ in Millions		9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	May 18, 2016 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2018 USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2015 patient	Apr. 24, 2014 facilities	Aug. 12, 2013 facilities	Mar. 04, 2013 facilities patient
Honts lawsuit [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Number of hospitals involved in lawsuit | facilities							1
Punitive damages awarded in favor of plaintiff	$ 20.0
Other operating expenses			$ 5.7
Loss contingency accrual				$ 20.1
Loss contingency receivable accrued				$ 15.5
Portion of liability that would be covered through captive insurance subsidiary		$ 6.0
HHS-OIG Investigation [Member]
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]
Number of hospitals that received subpoenas | facilities						7		4
Number of patient medical records requested for each hospital in subpoenas | patient								100
Number of hospitals that received supplemental subpoenas | facilities						2
Number of additional patient medical records requested | patient					70
Compliance threshold under Health Care Act (percent)		60.00%

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Segment Reporting - Textuals (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018 location state facilities segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of operating segments | segment	2
Number of states in which entity operates | state	36
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of states in which entity operates | state	31
Number of inpatient rehabilitation hospitals operated	129
Number of hospitals or agencies operated as a joint venture	1
Number of inpatient rehabilitation units under management contracts	5
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Number of states in which entity operates | state	30
Number of hospitals or agencies operated as a joint venture	2
Number of locations across the states | location	273

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Segment Reporting - Table 1 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	$ 1,067.6	$ 981.6	$ 3,181.3	$ 2,905.1
Costs and Expenses [Abstract]
Salaries and benefits	592.3	542.1	1,740.7	1,600.0
Other operating expenses	142.9	136.2	433.5	393.3
Supplies	38.6	36.5	117.8	110.6
Occupancy costs	19.6	18.6	57.7	54.8
Total operating expenses	894.5	819.3	2,662.4	2,424.5
Other income	(1.7)	(1.0)	(2.9)	(2.9)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(2.1)	(2.1)	(6.4)	(6.2)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	20.7	19.2	63.5	53.2
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	825.6	783.5	2,500.5	2,338.9
Costs and Expenses [Abstract]
Salaries and benefits	423.6	403.2	1,264.3	1,195.7
Other operating expenses	124.3	117.4	374.1	342.1
Supplies	33.6	33.1	104.2	100.6
Occupancy costs	15.9	15.7	47.4	46.3
Total operating expenses	597.4	569.4	1,790.0	1,684.7
Other income	(1.8)	(1.0)	(3.5)	(2.9)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(1.9)	(1.9)	(5.5)	(5.6)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	19.0	16.7	59.3	48.6
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	212.9	200.3	660.2	614.1
Capital Expenditures	64.5	59.1	181.1	164.7
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	242.0	198.1	680.8	566.2
Costs and Expenses [Abstract]
Cost of services sold (excluding depreciation and amortization)	114.6	92.1	322.3	267.3
Support and overhead costs	82.4	68.9	235.2	203.4
Total operating expenses	197.0	161.0	557.5	470.7
Other income	0.0	0.0	(0.5)	0.0
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(0.2)	(0.2)	(0.9)	(0.6)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	2.0	2.5	6.4	4.6
Segment Adjusted EBITDA	43.2	34.8	118.3	91.5
Capital Expenditures	$ 1.7	$ 1.7	$ 7.7	$ 5.6

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Segment Reporting - Table 2 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total assets	$ 5,131.9	[1]	$ 4,893.7
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates	12.7		11.9
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total assets	3,875.1		3,789.1
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates	9.8		9.3
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total assets	1,297.3		1,150.5
Investments in and advances to nonconsolidated affiliates	$ 2.9		$ 2.6

[1] Our consolidated assets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total assets of variable interest entities of $288.6 million and $264.1 million, respectively, which cannot be used by us to settle the obligations of other entities. Our consolidated liabilities as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total liabilities of the variable interest entities of $81.5 million and $52.5 million, respectively. See Note 3, Variable Interest Entities.

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Segment Reporting - Table 3 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
General and administrative expenses	$ (49.9)	$ (39.7)	$ (165.9)	$ (128.6)
Depreciation and amortization	(51.2)	(46.2)	(146.8)	(137.2)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0.0	(0.3)	0.0	(10.7)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	20.7	19.2	63.5	53.2
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	139.6	128.3	417.6	360.5
Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
Total segment Adjusted EBITDA	256.1	235.1	778.5	705.6
Segment Reconciling Items [Member]
Segment Reporting, Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Line Items]
General and administrative expenses	(49.9)	(39.7)	(165.9)	(128.6)
Depreciation and amortization	(51.2)	(46.2)	(146.8)	(137.2)
Gain (loss) on disposal of assets	1.0	(3.0)	(2.2)	(3.3)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0.0	(0.3)	0.0	(10.7)
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	(37.3)	(36.8)	(110.6)	(118.5)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	20.7	19.2	63.5	53.2
SARs mark-to-market impact on noncontrolling interests	0.3	0.0	2.2	0.0
Change in fair market value of equity securities	$ (0.1)	$ 0.0	$ (1.1)	$ 0.0

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Segment Reporting - Table 4 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total assets for reportable segments	$ 5,131.9	[1]	$ 4,893.7
Reclassification of noncurrent deferred income tax liabilities to net noncurrent deferred income tax assets	(40.5)		(45.9)
Total assets	5,131.9	[1]	4,893.7
Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting, Asset Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Total assets for reportable segments	5,172.4		4,939.6
Total assets	$ 5,172.4		$ 4,939.6

[1] Our consolidated assets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total assets of variable interest entities of $288.6 million and $264.1 million, respectively, which cannot be used by us to settle the obligations of other entities. Our consolidated liabilities as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total liabilities of the variable interest entities of $81.5 million and $52.5 million, respectively. See Note 3, Variable Interest Entities.

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Segment Reporting - Table 5 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	$ 1,067.6	$ 981.6	$ 3,181.3	$ 2,905.1
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	825.6	783.5	2,500.5	2,338.9
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Inpatient [Member]
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	798.4	758.2	2,425.1	2,262.4
Inpatient Rehabilitation Segment [Member] | Outpatient and other [Member]
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	27.2	25.3	75.4	76.5
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member]
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	242.0	198.1	680.8	566.2
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Home health [Member]
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	209.2	180.3	599.3	516.1
Home Health and Hospice Segment [Member] | Hospice [Member]
Segment Reporting, Revenue Reconciling Item [Line Items]
Net operating revenues	$ 32.8	$ 17.8	$ 81.5	$ 50.1

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Condensed Consolidating Financial Information - Narrative (Details)	Sep. 30, 2018
Condensed Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract]
Senior secured leverage ratio maximum	2
Consolidated coverage ratio minimum	2

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Condensed Consolidating Financial Information - Income Statement Tables (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net operating revenues	$ 1,067.6	$ 981.6	$ 3,181.3	$ 2,905.1
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	592.3	542.1	1,740.7	1,600.0
Other operating expenses	142.9	136.2	433.5	393.3
Occupancy costs	19.6	18.6	57.7	54.8
Supplies	38.6	36.5	117.8	110.6
General and administrative expenses	49.9	39.7	165.9	128.6
Depreciation and amortization	51.2	46.2	146.8	137.2
Total operating expenses	894.5	819.3	2,662.4	2,424.5
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	0.0	0.3	0.0	10.7
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	37.3	36.8	110.6	118.5
Other income	(1.7)	(1.0)	(2.9)	(2.9)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(2.1)	(2.1)	(6.4)	(6.2)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Management fees	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	139.6	128.3	417.6	360.5
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	30.2	43.1	89.5	111.4
Income from continuing operations	109.4	85.2	328.1	249.1
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1)	(0.1)	(0.4)	(0.2)
Net income	109.3	85.1	327.7	248.9
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(20.7)	(19.2)	(63.5)	(53.2)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	88.6	65.9	264.2	195.7
Comprehensive income	109.3	85.1	327.7	249.2
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	88.6	65.9	264.2	196.0
Encompass Health Corporation [Member]
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net operating revenues	4.8	5.3	15.9	15.9
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	11.3	9.1	33.9	29.1
Other operating expenses	9.9	8.0	27.6	23.8
Occupancy costs	0.5	0.4	1.5	1.4
Supplies	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
General and administrative expenses	38.8	35.6	119.4	104.7
Depreciation and amortization	4.4	2.0	9.9	6.7
Total operating expenses	64.9	55.1	192.3	165.7
Loss on early extinguishment of debt		0.3		10.7
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	31.6	30.8	93.3	100.5
Other income	(6.9)	(5.7)	(17.8)	(16.5)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(117.7)	(85.0)	(347.1)	(256.4)
Management fees	(37.9)	(35.8)	(114.8)	(107.8)
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	70.8	45.6	210.0	119.7
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	(17.9)	(20.4)	(54.6)	(76.2)
Income from continuing operations	88.7	66.0	264.6	195.9
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(0.1)	(0.1)	(0.4)	(0.2)
Net income	88.6	65.9	264.2	195.7
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	88.6	65.9	264.2	195.7
Comprehensive income	88.6	65.9	264.2	196.0
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	88.6	65.9	264.2	196.0
Guarantor Subsidiaries [Member]
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net operating revenues	574.5	547.5	1,743.0	1,666.6
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	278.2	266.4	835.1	803.7
Other operating expenses	80.3	83.6	253.8	239.5
Occupancy costs	23.9	23.4	71.5	70.0
Supplies	22.7	22.4	70.6	69.4
General and administrative expenses	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Depreciation and amortization	26.6	25.8	79.4	77.3
Total operating expenses	431.7	421.6	1,310.4	1,259.9
Loss on early extinguishment of debt		0.0		0.0
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	5.1	5.3	15.5	15.9
Other income	(0.3)	(0.1)	(0.8)	(0.2)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(1.9)	(1.9)	(5.5)	(5.6)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	(15.0)	(11.8)	(50.4)	(29.3)
Management fees	28.0	26.4	84.5	80.7
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	126.9	108.0	389.3	345.2
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	34.2	43.1	104.9	137.7
Income from continuing operations	92.7	64.9	284.4	207.5
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net income	92.7	64.9	284.4	207.5
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	92.7	64.9	284.4	207.5
Comprehensive income	92.7	64.9	284.4	207.5
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	92.7	64.9	284.4	207.5
Nonguarantor Subsidiaries [Member]
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net operating revenues	520.6	460.2	1,520.5	1,316.9
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	308.2	271.9	887.9	783.0
Other operating expenses	64.7	56.8	189.5	166.3
Occupancy costs	10.1	8.7	29.2	25.6
Supplies	15.9	14.1	47.2	41.2
General and administrative expenses	11.1	4.1	46.5	23.9
Depreciation and amortization	20.2	18.4	57.5	53.2
Total operating expenses	430.2	374.0	1,257.8	1,093.2
Loss on early extinguishment of debt		0.0		0.0
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	7.4	6.3	20.3	18.1
Other income	(1.3)	(0.8)	(2.8)	(2.2)
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	(0.2)	(0.2)	(0.9)	(0.6)
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Management fees	9.9	9.4	30.3	27.1
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	74.6	71.5	215.8	181.3
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	13.9	20.4	39.2	49.9
Income from continuing operations	60.7	51.1	176.6	131.4
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net income	60.7	51.1	176.6	131.4
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(20.7)	(19.2)	(63.5)	(53.2)
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	40.0	31.9	113.1	78.2
Comprehensive income	60.7	51.1	176.6	131.4
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	40.0	31.9	113.1	78.2
Consolidation, Eliminations [Member]
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
Net operating revenues	(32.3)	(31.4)	(98.1)	(94.3)
Operating expenses:
Salaries and benefits	(5.4)	(5.3)	(16.2)	(15.8)
Other operating expenses	(12.0)	(12.2)	(37.4)	(36.3)
Occupancy costs	(14.9)	(13.9)	(44.5)	(42.2)
Supplies	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
General and administrative expenses	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Depreciation and amortization	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total operating expenses	(32.3)	(31.4)	(98.1)	(94.3)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt		0.0		0.0
Interest expense and amortization of debt discounts and fees	(6.8)	(5.6)	(18.5)	(16.0)
Other income	6.8	5.6	18.5	16.0
Equity in net income of nonconsolidated affiliates	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Equity in net income of consolidated affiliates	132.7	96.8	397.5	285.7
Management fees	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Income from continuing operations before income tax expense	(132.7)	(96.8)	(397.5)	(285.7)
Provision for income tax (benefit) expense	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Income from continuing operations	(132.7)	(96.8)	(397.5)	(285.7)
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net income	(132.7)	(96.8)	(397.5)	(285.7)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Net income attributable to Encompass Health	(132.7)	(96.8)	(397.5)	(285.7)
Comprehensive income	(132.7)	(96.8)	(397.5)	(285.7)
Comprehensive income attributable to Encompass Health	$ (132.7)	$ (96.8)	$ (397.5)	$ (285.7)

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Condensed Consolidating Financial Information - Balance Sheet Tables (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2018		Dec. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 56.9		$ 54.4	$ 67.6	$ 40.5
Restricted cash	62.1		62.4	70.8	60.9
Accounts receivable	458.0		472.1
Other current assets	61.0		113.3
Total current assets	638.0		702.2
Property and equipment, net	1,591.0		1,517.1
Goodwill	2,081.1		1,972.6
Intangible assets, net	443.2		403.1
Deferred income tax assets	82.6		63.6
Other long-term assets	296.0		235.1
Intercompany notes receivable	0.0		0.0
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	0.0		0.0
Total assets	5,131.9	[1]	4,893.7
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	37.1		32.3
Accounts payable	86.0		78.4
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	486.5		406.8
Total current liabilities	609.6		517.5
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,503.9		2,545.4
Intercompany notes payable	0.0		0.0
Other long-term liabilities	198.2		185.3
Intercompany payable	0.0		0.0
Total Liabilities	3,311.7		3,248.2
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	236.5		220.9
Shareholders' equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		1,181.7
Noncontrolling interests	265.2		242.9
Total shareholders’ equity	1,583.7		1,424.6	1,373.2	928.7
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	5,131.9	[1]	4,893.7
Encompass Health Corporation [Member]
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	42.0		34.3	46.4	20.6
Restricted cash	0.0		0.0	0.0	0.0
Accounts receivable	0.5		0.0
Other current assets	43.3		61.4
Total current assets	85.8		95.7
Property and equipment, net	116.8		101.8
Goodwill	0.0		0.0
Intangible assets, net	22.4		11.8
Deferred income tax assets	113.9		97.4
Other long-term assets	51.9		49.2
Intercompany notes receivable	551.3		486.2
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	2,856.8		2,839.1
Total assets	3,798.9		3,681.2
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	34.9		32.8
Accounts payable	6.5		10.4
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	176.8		166.8
Total current liabilities	218.2		210.0
Long-term debt, net of current portion	2,226.9		2,258.5
Intercompany notes payable	0.0		0.0
Other long-term liabilities	35.3		31.0
Intercompany payable	0.0		0.0
Total Liabilities	2,480.4		2,499.5
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	0.0		0.0
Shareholders' equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		1,181.7
Noncontrolling interests	0.0		0.0
Total shareholders’ equity	1,318.5		1,181.7
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	3,798.9		3,681.2
Guarantor Subsidiaries [Member]
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	4.4		2.9	3.3	1.6
Restricted cash	0.0		0.0	0.0	0.0
Accounts receivable	266.0		285.2
Other current assets	17.9		21.7
Total current assets	288.3		309.8
Property and equipment, net	1,023.9		991.5
Goodwill	854.6		854.6
Intangible assets, net	98.1		105.1
Deferred income tax assets	8.5		8.4
Other long-term assets	102.8		100.5
Intercompany notes receivable	0.0		0.0
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	411.0		311.3
Total assets	2,787.2		2,681.2
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	7.3		7.4
Accounts payable	49.1		43.5
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	75.6		82.0
Total current liabilities	132.0		132.9
Long-term debt, net of current portion	236.7		242.2
Intercompany notes payable	0.0		0.0
Other long-term liabilities	17.2		17.8
Intercompany payable	0.0		0.0
Total Liabilities	385.9		392.9
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	0.0		0.0
Shareholders' equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	2,401.3		2,288.3
Noncontrolling interests	0.0		0.0
Total shareholders’ equity	2,401.3		2,288.3
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	2,787.2		2,681.2
Nonguarantor Subsidiaries [Member]
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	10.5		17.2	17.9	18.3
Restricted cash	62.1		62.4	70.8	60.9
Accounts receivable	191.5		186.9
Other current assets	40.9		48.7
Total current assets	305.0		315.2
Property and equipment, net	450.3		423.8
Goodwill	1,226.5		1,118.0
Intangible assets, net	322.7		286.2
Deferred income tax assets	0.0		0.0
Other long-term assets	141.3		85.4
Intercompany notes receivable	0.0		0.0
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	0.0		0.0
Total assets	2,445.8		2,228.6
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	12.4		9.6
Accounts payable	30.4		24.5
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	257.7		159.0
Total current liabilities	300.5		193.1
Long-term debt, net of current portion	40.3		44.7
Intercompany notes payable	551.3		486.2
Other long-term liabilities	185.5		178.6
Intercompany payable	59.7		144.8
Total Liabilities	1,137.3		1,047.4
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	236.5		220.9
Shareholders' equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	806.8		717.4
Noncontrolling interests	265.2		242.9
Total shareholders’ equity	1,072.0		960.3
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	2,445.8		2,228.6
Consolidation, Eliminations [Member]
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	0.0		0.0	0.0	0.0
Restricted cash	0.0		0.0	$ 0.0	$ 0.0
Accounts receivable	0.0		0.0
Other current assets	(41.1)		(18.5)
Total current assets	(41.1)		(18.5)
Property and equipment, net	0.0		0.0
Goodwill	0.0		0.0
Intangible assets, net	0.0		0.0
Deferred income tax assets	(39.8)		(42.2)
Other long-term assets	0.0		0.0
Intercompany notes receivable	(551.3)		(486.2)
Intercompany receivable and investments in consolidated affiliates	(3,267.8)		(3,150.4)
Total assets	(3,900.0)		(3,697.3)
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	(17.5)		(17.5)
Accounts payable	0.0		0.0
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(23.6)		(1.0)
Total current liabilities	(41.1)		(18.5)
Long-term debt, net of current portion	0.0		0.0
Intercompany notes payable	(551.3)		(486.2)
Other long-term liabilities	(39.8)		(42.1)
Intercompany payable	(59.7)		(144.8)
Total Liabilities	(691.9)		(691.6)
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	0.0		0.0
Shareholders' equity:
Encompass Health shareholders’ equity	(3,208.1)		(3,005.7)
Noncontrolling interests	0.0		0.0
Total shareholders’ equity	(3,208.1)		(3,005.7)
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ (3,900.0)		$ (3,697.3)

[1] Our consolidated assets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total assets of variable interest entities of $288.6 million and $264.1 million, respectively, which cannot be used by us to settle the obligations of other entities. Our consolidated liabilities as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 include total liabilities of the variable interest entities of $81.5 million and $52.5 million, respectively. See Note 3, Variable Interest Entities.

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Condensed Consolidating Financial Information - Cash Flow Statement Tables (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions		1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Feb. 21, 2018	Jan. 17, 2017	Sep. 30, 2018	Sep. 30, 2017
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities			$ 584.0	$ 506.9
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment			(171.5)	(155.7)
Additions to capitalized software costs			(13.2)	(14.6)
Net cash paid for acquisition			(135.8)	(36.6)
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany notes receivable			0.0	0.0
Other, net			(5.8)	7.6
Net cash used in investing activities			(326.3)	(199.3)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments			(16.1)	(125.4)
Principal payments on intercompany note payable			0.0	0.0
Borrowings on revolving credit facility			285.0	241.3
Payments on revolving credit facility			(315.0)	(255.3)
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses			0.0	(38.1)
Dividends paid on common stock			(74.4)	(67.0)
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants		$ 27.0	0.0	26.6
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates	$ (65.0)		(65.1)	0.0
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates			(56.5)	(38.3)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld			(8.3)	(19.8)
Other, net			(3.1)	5.4
Change in intercompany advances			0.0	0.0
Net cash used in financing activities			(253.5)	(270.6)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash			4.2	37.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		101.4	116.8	101.4
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			121.0	138.4
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		40.5	54.4	40.5
Restricted cash at beginning of period		60.9	62.4	60.9
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		101.4	116.8	101.4
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period			56.9	67.6
Restricted cash at end of period			62.1	70.8
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period			2.0	0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			121.0	138.4
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity
Conversion of convertible debt			0.0	319.4
Encompass Health Corporation [Member]
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities			(16.4)	42.3
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment			(23.3)	(23.5)
Additions to capitalized software costs			(12.1)	(12.1)
Net cash paid for acquisition			(129.7)	(10.9)
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany notes receivable			70.0	33.0
Other, net			(6.8)	(2.7)
Net cash used in investing activities			(101.9)	(16.2)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments			(13.8)	(123.1)
Principal payments on intercompany note payable			0.0	0.0
Borrowings on revolving credit facility			285.0	241.3
Payments on revolving credit facility			(315.0)	(255.3)
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses				(38.1)
Dividends paid on common stock			(74.3)	(67.0)
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants				26.6
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates			(65.1)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates			0.0	0.0
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld			(7.4)	(19.5)
Other, net			3.1	(2.6)
Change in intercompany advances			313.5	237.4
Net cash used in financing activities			126.0	(0.3)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash			7.7	25.8
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		20.6	34.3	20.6
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			42.0	46.4
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		20.6	34.3	20.6
Restricted cash at beginning of period		0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		20.6	34.3	20.6
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period			42.0	46.4
Restricted cash at end of period			0.0	0.0
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period			0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			42.0	46.4
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity
Intercompany note activity			(135.8)
Conversion of convertible debt				319.4
Guarantor Subsidiaries [Member]
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities			334.8	261.5
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment			(97.7)	(67.7)
Additions to capitalized software costs			0.0	(0.2)
Net cash paid for acquisition			0.0	0.0
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany notes receivable			0.0	0.0
Other, net			2.9	11.7
Net cash used in investing activities			(94.8)	(56.2)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments			0.0	0.0
Principal payments on intercompany note payable			0.0	0.0
Borrowings on revolving credit facility			0.0	0.0
Payments on revolving credit facility			0.0	0.0
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses				0.0
Dividends paid on common stock			0.0	0.0
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants				0.0
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates			0.0
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates			0.0	0.0
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld			0.0	0.0
Other, net			(5.6)	(5.0)
Change in intercompany advances			(232.9)	(198.6)
Net cash used in financing activities			(238.5)	(203.6)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash			1.5	1.7
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		1.6	2.9	1.6
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			4.4	3.3
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		1.6	2.9	1.6
Restricted cash at beginning of period		0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		1.6	2.9	1.6
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period			4.4	3.3
Restricted cash at end of period			0.0	0.0
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period			0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			4.4	3.3
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity
Intercompany note activity			0.0
Conversion of convertible debt				0.0
Nonguarantor Subsidiaries [Member]
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities			265.6	203.1
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment			(50.5)	(64.5)
Additions to capitalized software costs			(1.1)	(2.3)
Net cash paid for acquisition			(6.1)	(25.7)
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany notes receivable			0.0	0.0
Other, net			(1.9)	(1.4)
Net cash used in investing activities			(59.6)	(93.9)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments			(2.3)	(2.3)
Principal payments on intercompany note payable			(70.0)	(33.0)
Borrowings on revolving credit facility			0.0	0.0
Payments on revolving credit facility			0.0	0.0
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses				0.0
Dividends paid on common stock			(0.1)	0.0
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants				0.0
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates			0.0
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates			(56.5)	(38.3)
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld			(0.9)	(0.3)
Other, net			(0.6)	13.0
Change in intercompany advances			(80.6)	(38.8)
Net cash used in financing activities			(211.0)	(99.7)
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash			(5.0)	9.5
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		79.2	79.6	79.2
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			74.6	88.7
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		18.3	17.2	18.3
Restricted cash at beginning of period		60.9	62.4	60.9
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		79.2	79.6	79.2
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period			10.5	17.9
Restricted cash at end of period			62.1	70.8
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period			2.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			74.6	88.7
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity
Intercompany note activity			135.8
Conversion of convertible debt				0.0
Consolidation, Eliminations [Member]
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
Net cash provided by operating activities			0.0	0.0
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment			0.0	0.0
Additions to capitalized software costs			0.0	0.0
Net cash paid for acquisition			0.0	0.0
Proceeds from repayment of intercompany notes receivable			(70.0)	(33.0)
Other, net			0.0	0.0
Net cash used in investing activities			(70.0)	(33.0)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on debt, including pre-payments			0.0	0.0
Principal payments on intercompany note payable			70.0	33.0
Borrowings on revolving credit facility			0.0	0.0
Payments on revolving credit facility			0.0	0.0
Repurchases of common stock, including fees and expenses				0.0
Dividends paid on common stock			0.0	0.0
Proceeds from exercising stock warrants				0.0
Purchase of equity interests in consolidated affiliates			0.0
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests of consolidated affiliates			0.0	0.0
Taxes paid on behalf of employees for shares withheld			0.0	0.0
Other, net			0.0	0.0
Change in intercompany advances			0.0	0.0
Net cash used in financing activities			70.0	33.0
Increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash			0.0	0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			0.0	0.0
Reconciliation of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		0.0	0.0	0.0
Restricted cash at beginning of period		0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		$ 0.0	0.0	0.0
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period			0.0	0.0
Restricted cash at end of period			0.0	0.0
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets at end of period			0.0
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period			0.0	0.0
Supplemental schedule of noncash financing activity
Intercompany note activity			$ 0.0
Conversion of convertible debt				$ 0.0