INCOME TAXES

The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable United States statutory federal income tax rate to income before income taxes as a result of the following:



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019					Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
(in millions)	Amount			Effective Tax Rate		Amount			Effective Tax Rate
Statutory federal income tax	$	101.9		21.0	%	$	100.5		21.0	%
State income taxes net of federal tax benefit	31.0			6.4	%	29.9			6.2	%
Tax repairs	(29.6		)	(6.1	)%	(25.5		)	(5.3	)%
Wind production tax credits	(13.4		)	(2.8	)%	(3.8		)	(0.8	)%
Federal excess deferred tax amortization	(13.2		)	(2.7	)%	(15.5		)	(3.2	)%
Excess tax benefits – stock options	(7.2		)	(1.5	)%	(0.9		)	(0.2	)%
Other	(4.5		)	(0.9	)%	3.6			0.7	%
Total income tax expense	$	65.0		13.4	%	$	88.3		18.4	%

The effective tax rate of 13.4% for the first quarter of 2019, differs from the United States statutory federal income tax rate of 21%, primarily due to the flow through of tax repairs in connection with the Wisconsin rate settlement, wind production tax credits generated from recent acquisitions of wind generation facilities in our non-utility energy infrastructure segment, and the impact of the Tax Legislation, partially offset by state income taxes.

The effective tax rate of 18.4% for the first quarter of 2018, differs from the United States statutory federal income tax rate of 21%, primarily due to the flow through of tax repairs in connection with the Wisconsin rate settlement and the impact of the Tax Legislation, partially offset by state income taxes.

The Tax Legislation, signed into law in December 2017, required our regulated utilities to remeasure their deferred income taxes and we began to amortize the resulting excess deferred income taxes beginning in 2018 in accordance with normalization requirements (see federal excess deferred tax amortization line above). See Note 22, Regulatory Environment, for more information about the Wisconsin rate settlement.