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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents include time deposits, certificates of deposit, and all highly liquid debt instruments with original maturities of three months or less.  The Company maintains cash and cash equivalents at financial institutions, which periodically may exceed federally insured amounts.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

 

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles which prescribes the use of the liability method whereby deferred tax asset and liability account balances are determined based on differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse.  The Company provides a valuation allowance, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value.

 

The Company evaluates all significant tax positions as required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  As of December 31, 2014, the Company does not believe that it has taken any positions that would require the recording of any additional tax liability nor does it believe that there are any unrealized tax benefits that would either increase or decrease within the next year.  It is the Company's policy to recognize any interest and penalties in the provision for taxes.

Earnings per Share

Earnings per Share

 

Earnings per share of common stock are computed in accordance with FASB ASC 260 (prior authoritative literature:  FASB Statement No. 128.), FASB ASC 260 replaces SFAS No, 128, “Earnings per Share”.  Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing income or loss available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for each period.  Diluted earnings per share are calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of shares outstanding assuming conversion of all potentially dilutive stock options, warrants and convertible securities, if dilutive. Common stock equivalents that are anti-dilutive are excluded from both diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding and diluted earnings per share.

Financial Instruments

Financial Instruments

 

               

The Company's financial instruments consist of cash, long-term investments, and accounts payable. Unless otherwise noted, it is management's opinion that the Company is not exposed to significant interest, currency or credit risks arising from these financial instruments. The fair value of these financial instruments approximates their carrying value, unless otherwise noted.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

 

Stock-based compensation is computed in accordance with FASB ASC 718 (prior authoritative literature:  FASB Statement No. 123R). FASB ASC 718 replaces SFAS No. 123R which requires all share-based payment to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized as compensation expense in the financial statements based on their fair values.  That expense will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). The Company has selected the Black-Scholes option pricing model as the most appropriate fair value method for our awards and have recognized compensation costs immediately as our awards are 100% vested.  

The Company's accounting policy for equity instruments issued to consultants and vendors in exchange for goods and services follows the provisions of FASB ASC 505-50 (prior authoritative literature, EITF 96-18, “Accounting for Equity Instruments That are Issued to Other Than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services” and EITF 00-18, “Accounting Recognition for Certain Transactions Involving Equity Instruments Granted to Other Than Employees.”)  The measurement date for the fair value of the equity instruments issued is determined at the earlier of (i) the date at which a commitment for performance by the consultant or vendor is reached or (ii) the date at which the consultant or vendor's performance is complete.

 

In the case of equity instruments issued to consultants, the fair value of the equity instrument is recognized over the term of the consulting agreement.  Stock-based compensation related to non-employees is accounted for based on the fair value of the related stock or options or the fair value of the services, whichever is more readily determinable in accordance with ASC 718.  

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.            

Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative Financial Instruments

 

The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market or foreign currency risks.

 

The Company reviews the terms of the common stock, warrants and convertible debt it issues to determine whether there are embedded derivative instruments, including embedded conversion options, which are required to be bifurcated and accounted for separately as derivative financial instruments.  In circumstances where the host instrument contains more than one embedded derivative instrument, including the conversion option, that is required to be bifurcated, the bifurcated derivative instruments are accounted for as a single, compound derivative instrument.

 

Bifurcated embedded derivatives are initially recorded at fair value and are then revalued at each reporting date with changes in the fair value reported as non-operating income or expense. The Company uses a lattice model for valuation of the derivative.  

 

When the equity or convertible debt instruments contain embedded derivative instruments that are to be bifurcated and accounted for as liabilities, the total proceeds received are first allocated to the fair value of all the bifurcated derivative instruments.  The remaining proceeds, if any, are then allocated to the host instruments themselves, usually resulting in those instruments being recorded at a discount from their face value.

 

The discount from the face value of the convertible debt, together with the stated interest on the instrument, is amortized over the life of the instrument through periodic charges to interest expense, using the effective interest method.

 

Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether net cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within the 12 months of the balance sheet date.