Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

A. Basis of Presentation

See the Glossary of Defined Terms at the beginning of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for terms used throughout the condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

We prepared the condensed consolidated financial statements following the requirements of the SEC for interim reporting. As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP can be condensed or omitted.

The financial information included in our condensed consolidated financial statements for subsidiaries operating outside the U.S. is as of and for the three months ended February 24, 2019 and February 25, 2018. The financial information included in our condensed consolidated financial statements for U.S. subsidiaries is as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and April 1, 2018.

Revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities can vary during each quarter of the year. Therefore, the results and trends in these interim financial statements may not be representative of those for the full year.

We are responsible for the unaudited financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The interim financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that are considered necessary for the fair statement of results for the interim periods presented. The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our 2018 Financial Report.

At the beginning of our 2019 fiscal year, we began to manage our commercial operations through a new global structure consisting of three business segments––Pfizer Biopharmaceuticals Group (Biopharma), Upjohn and Consumer Healthcare. Biopharma and Upjohn are the only reportable segments. We have revised prior-period segment information to reflect the reorganization. For additional information, see Note 13.

Certain amounts in the condensed consolidated financial statements and associated notes may not add due to rounding. All percentages have been calculated using unrounded amounts.

In the first quarter of 2019, as of January 1, 2019, we adopted four new accounting standards. See Note 1B for further information.

Our recent significant business development activities include:

•

On December 19, 2018, we announced that we entered into a definitive agreement with GSK under which we and GSK have agreed to combine our respective consumer healthcare businesses into a new consumer healthcare joint venture, which will operate globally under the GSK Consumer Healthcare name. Assets and liabilities associated with our Consumer Healthcare business were reclassified as held for sale in the consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018. We expect to complete the transaction during the second half of 2019, subject to customary closing conditions, including GSK shareholder approval, which occurred on May 8, 2019, and required regulatory approvals.

For additional information, see Note 2 and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements––Note 2. Acquisitions, Divestitures, Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale, Licensing Arrangements, Research and Development and Collaborative Arrangements, Equity-Method Investments and Privately Held Investment in Pfizer’s 2018 Financial Report.

B. Adoption of New Accounting Standards

On January 1, 2019, we adopted four new accounting standards.

Leases––On January 1, 2019, we adopted a new accounting standard for leases and changed our lease policies accordingly. Under the new standard, the most significant change is the requirement of balance sheet recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases. We adopted the new accounting standard utilizing the modified retrospective method using a simplified transition approach, and, therefore, no adjustments were made to our prior period financial statements. We have elected the package of practical expedients for transition which are permitted in the new standard. Accordingly, we did not reassess whether (i) any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases under the new standard, (ii) classification of leases as operating leases or capital leases would be different under the new standard, or (iii) any initial direct costs would have met the definition of initial direct costs under the new standard. Additionally, we did not elect to use hindsight in determining the lease term for existing leases as of January 1, 2019. We recorded noncurrent ROU assets of $1.4 billion and current and noncurrent operating lease liabilities of $1.4 billion as of January 1, 2019. We also recorded the cumulative effect of adopting the standard as an adjustment to increase the opening balance of Retained earnings by $30 million on a pre-tax basis ($20 million after-tax), relating to previously deferred sale-leaseback gains that can be recognized under the new rules.



Adopting the standard related to leases impacted our prior period condensed consolidated balance sheet as follows:
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)	As Previously Reported Balance at December 31, 2018		Effect of Change Higher/(Lower)			Balance at January 1, 2019
Other current assets	$	2,461	$	(1	)	$	2,460
Noncurrent deferred tax assets and other noncurrent tax assets	1,924		(11		)	1,913
Other noncurrent assets	2,799		1,351			4,149
Other current liabilities	10,753		258			11,011
Other noncurrent liabilities	5,850		1,060			6,910
Retained earnings	89,554		20			89,574

Adoption of the standard related to leases did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated statements of income or condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the quarter ended March 31, 2019. For additional information, see Note 1D.

Amortization Period for Certain Callable Debt Securities Held at a Premium––We prospectively adopted the standard, which shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. The new guidance requires the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. We do not have any investments with features subject to this standard and, therefore, there was no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements from the adoption of this new standard.

Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Liabilities and Equity and Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features––We prospectively adopted the standard, which changes the accounting for warrants or convertible instruments that include a down round feature. We do not have any financial instruments with features subject to this standard and, therefore, there was no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements from the adoption of this new standard.

Accounting for Share-Based Payments to Nonemployees––We prospectively adopted the standard, which simplifies the accounting for share-based payments to nonemployees by aligning it with the accounting for share-based payments to employees, with certain exceptions. Under the guidance, the measurement of equity-classified nonemployee awards will be fixed at the grant date. We do not have any share-based awards issued to nonemployees and, therefore, there was no impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements from the adoption of this new standard.

On January 1, 2018, we adopted eleven new accounting standards. For additional information, see Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements––Note 1B. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies: Adoption of New Accounting Standards in 2018 included in our 2018 Financial Report.

C. Revenues and Trade Accounts Receivable

Our accruals for Medicare rebates, Medicaid and related state program rebates, performance-based contract rebates, chargebacks, sales allowances and sales returns and cash discounts totaled $5.5 billion as of March 31, 2019 and $5.4 billion as of December 31, 2018.



The following table provides information about the balance sheet classification of these accruals:
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018
Reserve against Trade accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts	$	1,232	$	1,288

Other current liabilities:
Accrued rebates	3,344		3,208
Other accruals	559		531

Other noncurrent liabilities	410		399
Total accrued rebates and other accruals	$	5,544	$	5,426

D. Leases

On January 1, 2019, we adopted a new accounting standard for leases. For further information, see Note 1B.

We lease real estate, fleet, and equipment for use in our operations. Our leases generally have lease terms of 1 to 30 years, some of which include options to terminate or extend leases for up to 5 to 10 years or on a month-to-month basis. We include options that are reasonably certain to be exercised as part of the determination of lease terms. We may negotiate termination clauses in anticipation of any changes in market conditions, but generally these termination options are not exercised. Residual value guarantees are generally not included within our operating leases with the exception of some fleet leases. In addition to base rent payments, the leases may require us to pay directly for taxes and other non-lease components, such as insurance, maintenance and other operating expenses, which may be dependent on usage or vary month-to-month. Variable lease payments amounted to $59 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. We have elected the practical expedient in the new standard to not separate non-lease components from lease components in calculating the amounts of ROU assets and lease liabilities for all underlying asset classes.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception of the contract in accordance with guidance detailed in the new standard and we perform the lease classification test as of the lease commencement date. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our estimated incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of future payments.



For operating leases, the ROU assets and liabilities are presented in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as follows:
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)	Balance Sheet Classification	Balance at March 31, 2019
ROU assets	Other noncurrent assets	$	1,280
Lease liabilities (short-term)	Other current liabilities	253
Lease liabilities (long-term)	Other noncurrent liabilities	1,043



Our total lease costs are as follows:
	Three Months Ended
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)	March 31, 2019
Operating lease cost	$	100
Variable lease cost	59
Sublease income	(10		)
Total lease cost	$	149



Other supplemental information includes the following:
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)	Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Lease Term (Years)	Three Months Ended
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)	Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Lease Term (Years)	March 31, 2019
Operating leases	7.5
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases		3.7	%
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases		78
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		46



The table below reconciles the undiscounted cash flows for the first five years and total of the remaining years to the operating lease liabilities recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2019:
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Period	Operating Lease Liabilities
Next one year^(a)	$	287
1-2 years	241
2-3 years	207
3-4 years	175
4-5 years	144
Thereafter	435
Total undiscounted lease payments	1,489
Less: Imputed interest	193
Present Value of Minimum Lease Payments	1,296
Less: Current portion	253
Noncurrent portion	$	1,043


^(a)	Reflects lease payments due within 12 months subsequent to the balance sheet date.

In April 2018, we entered an agreement to lease space in an office building in New York City. We will relocate our global headquarters to this property with commencement expected in 2022. Our future minimum rental commitment under this 20-year lease is approximately $1.7 billion.

Prior to our adoption of the new lease standard, rental expense, net of sublease income, was $301 million in 2018, $314 million in 2017 and $292 million in 2016.



As of December 31, 2018, the future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable operating leases follow:
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)	2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		After 2023
Lease commitments	$	300	$	252	$	210	$	267	$	248	$	2,040