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Loans (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loan composition
Loans at December 31 are summarized below:
($ in Thousands)20202019
PPP$767,757 $— 
Commercial and industrial7,701,422 7,354,594 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied900,912 911,265 
Commercial and business lending9,370,091 8,265,858 
Commercial real estate - investor4,342,584 3,794,517 
Real estate construction1,840,417 1,420,900 
Commercial real estate lending6,183,001 5,215,417 
Total commercial15,553,091 13,481,275 
Residential mortgage7,878,324 8,136,980 
Home equity707,255 852,025 
Other consumer313,054 351,159 
Total consumer8,898,632 9,340,164 
Total loans$24,451,724 $22,821,440 
Loans to Related Parties
The Corporation has granted loans to its directors, executive officers, or their related interests. These loans were made on substantially the same terms, including rates and collateral, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with other unrelated customers, and do not involve more than a normal risk of collection. These loans to related parties are summarized below:
($ in Thousands)20202019
Balance at beginning of year$16,772 $17,831 
New loans19,140 3,673 
Repayments(6,643)(8,053)
Change due to status of executive officers and directors152 3,320 
Balance at end of year$29,420 $16,772 
Commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator
The following table presents commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator by vintage year at December 31, 2020:
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(a)
($ in Thousands)
Rev Loans Converted to Term(a)
Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis20202019201820172016PriorTotal
PPP:(b)
Risk rating:
Pass$— $— $745,767 $— $— $— $— $— $745,767 
Special Mention— — 3,988 — — — — — 3,988 
Potential Problem— — 18,002 — — — — — 18,002 
PPP$— $— $767,757 $— $— $— $— $— $767,757 
Commercial and industrial:
Risk rating:
Pass$4,628 $2,177,138 $1,389,260 $1,435,519 $1,182,302 $483,957 $305,998 $453,734 $7,427,908 
Special Mention— 10,159 2,719 39,854 37,042 113 215 67 90,169 
Potential Problem(c)
2,565 7,237 19,331 28,413 56,580 2,269 6,477 1,179 121,487 
Nonaccrual(d)
16,852 — 6,238 5,789 17,014 16,623 8,781 7,414 61,859 
Commercial and industrial$24,045 $2,194,534 $1,417,548 $1,509,575 $1,292,938 $502,962 $321,471 $462,394 $7,701,422 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied:
Risk rating:
Pass$1,150 $18,022 $185,861 $209,069 $128,360 $99,546 $147,366 $79,111 $867,335 
Special Mention— 113 1,882 3,122 300 658 264 — 6,339 
Potential Problem— 3,486 4,104 8,916 — 1,490 4,437 3,747 26,179 
Nonaccrual— — — — — 318 — 740 1,058 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied$1,150 $21,621 $191,847 $221,107 $128,660 $102,012 $152,067 $83,598 $900,912 
Commercial and business lending:
Risk rating:
Pass$5,778 $2,195,160 $2,320,888 $1,644,588 $1,310,662 $583,503 $453,364 $532,845 $9,041,009 
Special Mention— 10,272 8,589 42,976 37,342 771 479 67 100,496 
Potential Problem(c)
2,565 10,723 41,437 37,329 56,580 3,759 10,915 4,926 165,668 
Nonaccrual(d)
16,852 — 6,238 5,789 17,014 16,941 8,781 8,154 62,917 
Commercial and business lending$25,195 $2,216,154 $2,377,152 $1,730,682 $1,421,598 $604,974 $473,539 $545,992 $9,370,091 
Commercial real estate - investor:
Risk rating:
Pass$10,971 $171,497 $1,249,644 $976,332 $720,237 $271,987 $341,658 $211,360 $3,942,714 
Special Mention— — 90,235 97,333 12,339 — 21,882 8,465 230,254 
Potential Problem— 838 16,343 13,575 30,911 2,279 239 27,209 91,396 
Nonaccrual19,803 — 10,141 53,056 446 14,267 — 309 78,220 
Commercial real estate - investor$30,774 $172,335 $1,366,364 $1,140,297 $763,933 $288,533 $363,779 $247,343 $4,342,584 
Real estate construction:
Risk rating:
Pass$776 $47,880 $645,925 $738,561 $294,910 $25,219 $2,420 $16,768 $1,771,682 
Special Mention— — 487 494 48,283 42 — 30 49,336 
Potential Problem— — 135 — 18,803 — 93 15 19,046 
Nonaccrual— — — — — 16 — 338 353 
Real estate construction$776 $47,880 $646,547 $739,055 $361,996 $25,277 $2,513 $17,150 $1,840,417 
Commercial real estate lending:
Risk rating:
Pass$11,746 $219,377 $1,895,569 $1,714,893 $1,015,146 $297,205 $344,078 $228,127 $5,714,396 
Special Mention— — 90,722 97,827 60,622 42 21,882 8,494 279,590 
Potential Problem— 838 16,479 13,575 49,714 2,279 332 27,224 110,442 
Nonaccrual19,803 — 10,141 53,056 446 14,283 — 647 78,573 
Commercial real estate lending$31,549 $220,215 $2,012,911 $1,879,352 $1,125,929 $313,810 $366,292 $264,493 $6,183,001 
Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year(a)
($ in Thousands)
Rev Loans Converted to Term(a)
Rev Loans Amortized Cost Basis20202019201820172016PriorTotal
Total commercial:
Risk rating:
Pass$17,524 $2,414,537 $4,216,457 $3,359,482 $2,325,808 $880,708 $797,441 $760,973 $14,755,405 
Special Mention— 10,272 99,311 140,803 97,964 813 22,361 8,562 380,086 
Potential Problem(c)
2,565 11,561 57,916 50,905 106,295 6,038 11,247 32,150 276,111 
Nonaccrual(d)
36,655 — 16,379 58,845 17,460 31,224 8,781 8,801 141,490 
Total commercial$56,745 $2,436,370 $4,390,063 $3,610,033 $2,547,526 $918,783 $839,831 $810,485 $15,553,091 
Residential mortgage:
Risk rating:
Pass$— $— $2,185,240 $1,490,589 $615,118 $998,072 $911,797 $1,612,971 $7,813,788 
Special Mention— — — 355 330 102 126 537 1,450 
Potential Problem— — 1,200 689 652 — 179 1,028 3,749 
Nonaccrual— — 1,478 2,271 5,882 7,116 11,003 31,587 59,337 
Residential mortgage$— $— $2,187,918 $1,493,903 $621,983 $1,005,290 $923,105 $1,646,124 $7,878,324 
Home equity:
Risk rating:
Pass$10,224 $569,389 $2,057 $12,968 $15,792 $11,594 $5,803 $76,165 $693,767 
Special Mention596 631 — 39 14 39 4 804 1,532 
Potential Problem— 1,922 — — — — — 146 2,068 
Nonaccrual1,600 100 965 134 410 319 711 7,249 9,888 
Home equity$12,421 $572,041 $3,022 $13,141 $16,216 $11,952 $6,518 $84,364 $707,255 
Other consumer:
Risk rating:
Pass$70 $165,114 $9,525 $10,309 $3,987 $1,872 $1,185 $120,425 $312,416 
Special Mention5 438 13 16 11 4 7 8 498 
Nonaccrual5 33 9 49 21 10 — 18 140 
Other consumer$81 $165,585 $9,547 $10,374 $4,019 $1,886 $1,192 $120,451 $313,054 
Total consumer:
Risk rating:
Pass$10,294 $734,502 $2,196,822 $1,513,865 $634,897 $1,011,539 $918,785 $1,809,561 $8,819,971 
Special Mention602 1,069 13 410 356 145 137 1,349 3,480 
Potential Problem— 1,922 1,200 689 652 — 179 1,174 5,817 
Nonaccrual1,605 133 2,452 2,454 6,313 7,445 11,714 38,854 69,364 
Total consumer$12,501 $737,626 $2,200,487 $1,517,417 $642,218 $1,019,128 $930,816 $1,850,939 $8,898,632 
Total loans:
Risk rating:
Pass$27,819 $3,149,039 $6,413,278 $4,873,347 $2,960,705 $1,892,247 $1,716,226 $2,570,534 $23,575,376 
Special Mention602 11,341 99,324 141,213 98,320 958 22,498 9,911 383,566 
Potential Problem(c)
2,565 13,483 59,116 51,593 106,947 6,038 11,426 33,324 281,928 
Nonaccrual(d)
38,260 133 18,831 61,298 23,773 38,669 20,496 47,655 210,854 
Total loans$69,246 $3,173,996 $6,590,550 $5,127,451 $3,189,745 $1,937,912 $1,770,647 $2,661,424 $24,451,724 

(a) Revolving loans converted to term loans are also reported in their year of origination
(b) The Corporation’s policy is to assign risk ratings at the borrower level. PPP loans are 100% guaranteed by the SBA and therefore the Corporation considers these loans to have a risk profile similar to pass rated loans.
(c) Includes $41 million of oil and gas related loans
(d) Includes $37 million of oil and gas related loans
The following table presents commercial and consumer loans by credit quality indicator at December 31, 2019:
($ in Thousands)PassSpecial MentionPotential ProblemNonaccrualTotal
Commercial and industrial$7,118,448 $79,525 $110,308 $46,312 $7,354,594 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied866,193 25,115 19,889 67 911,265 
Commercial and business lending7,984,641 104,641 130,197 46,380 8,265,858 
Commercial real estate - investor3,620,785 139,873 29,449 4,409 3,794,517 
Real estate construction1,420,374 33 — 493 1,420,900 
Commercial real estate lending5,041,159 139,906 29,449 4,902 5,215,417 
Total commercial13,025,800 244,547 159,646 51,282 13,481,275 
Residential mortgage8,077,122 563 1,451 57,844 8,136,980 
Home equity841,757 1,164 — 9,104 852,025 
Other consumer350,260 748 — 152 351,159 
Total consumer9,269,139 2,475 1,451 67,099 9,340,164 
Total loans$22,294,939 $247,022 $161,097 $118,380 $22,821,440 
Summarized details of Loans by past due status
The following table presents loans by past due status at December 31, 2020:
Accruing
($ in Thousands)
Current(a)
30-59 Days
Past Due		60-89 Days
Past Due		90+ Days
Past Due
Nonaccrual(b)(c)
Total
PPP$767,757 $— $— $— $— $767,757 
Commercial and industrial7,633,269 2,819 3,300 175 61,859 7,701,422 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied899,480 158 215 — 1,058 900,912 
Commercial and business lending9,300,506 2,977 3,516 175 62,917 9,370,091 
Commercial real estate - investor4,251,571 1,024 11,769 — 78,220 4,342,584 
Real estate construction1,839,073 991 — — 353 1,840,417 
Commercial real estate lending6,090,644 2,015 11,769 — 78,573 6,183,001 
Total commercial15,391,150 4,992 15,284 175 141,490 15,553,091 
Residential mortgage7,808,294 8,975 1,410 308 59,337 7,878,324 
Home equity692,565 3,071 1,731 — 9,888 707,255 
Other consumer310,200 1,039 560 1,115 140 313,054 
Total consumer8,811,060 13,085 3,701 1,423 69,364 8,898,632 
Total loans$24,202,209 $18,077 $18,985 $1,598 $210,854 $24,451,724 
(a) Any loans deferred in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic are considered current in accordance with Section 4103 of the CARES Act.
(b) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $128 million, or 61%, were current with respect to payment at December 31, 2020.
(c) No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the year ended December 31, 2020. In addition, there were $140 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no related ACLL at December 31, 2020.
The following table presents loans by past due status at December 31, 2019:
Accruing
($ in Thousands)Current30-59 Days
Past Due		60-89 Days
Past Due		90+ Days
Past Due
Nonaccrual(a)
Total
Commercial and industrial$7,307,118 $576 $245 $342 $46,312 $7,354,594 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied909,828 1,369 — — 67 911,265 
Commercial and business lending8,216,947 1,945 245 342 46,380 8,265,858 
Commercial real estate - investor3,788,296 1,812 — — 4,409 3,794,517 
Real estate construction1,420,310 64 33 — 493 1,420,900 
Commercial real estate lending5,208,606 1,876 33 — 4,902 5,215,417 
Total commercial13,425,552 3,821 278 342 51,282 13,481,275 
Residential mortgage8,069,863 8,749 525 — 57,844 8,136,980 
Home equity837,274 4,483 1,164 — 9,104 852,025 
Other consumer347,007 1,135 949 1,917 152 351,159 
Total consumer9,254,144 14,366 2,638 1,917 67,099 9,340,164 
Total loans$22,679,696 $18,188 $2,916 $2,259 $118,380 $22,821,440 
(a) Of the total nonaccrual loans, $48 million, or 41%, were current with respect to payment at December 31, 2019.
Summarized details of impaired Loans
The following table presents impaired loans individually evaluated under ASC Topic 310, excluding $2 million of purchased credit-impaired loans, at December 31, 2019: 
($ in Thousands)Recorded
Investment		Unpaid
Principal
Balance		Related
Allowance		Average
Recorded
Investment		Interest
Income
Recognized
Loans with a related allowance
Commercial and industrial$47,249 $63,346 $12,010 $45,290 $1,832 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied1,676 1,682 19 1,774 88 
Commercial and business lending48,924 65,028 12,029 47,064 1,919 
Commercial real estate - investor928 2,104 15 950 15 
Real estate construction477 559 67 494 30 
Commercial real estate lending1,405 2,663 82 1,445 45 
Total commercial50,329 67,691 12,111 48,509 1,965 
Residential mortgage21,450 22,625 2,740 23,721 856 
Home equity3,076 3,468 1,190 3,756 191 
Other consumer1,247 1,249 125 1,250 1 
Total consumer25,773 27,342 4,055 28,726 1,047 
Total loans with a related allowance$76,102 $95,033 $16,165 $77,235 $3,012 
Loans with no related allowance
Commercial and industrial$14,787 $33,438 $— $20,502 $63 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied— — — — — 
Commercial and business lending14,787 33,438 — 20,502 63 
Commercial real estate - investor3,705 3,705 — 3,980 159 
Real estate construction— — — — — 
Commercial real estate lending3,705 3,705 — 3,980 159 
Total commercial18,491 37,142 — 24,482 222 
Residential mortgage14,104 14,461 — 10,962 373 
Home equity1,346 1,383 — 1,017 21 
Other consumer— — — — — 
Total consumer15,450 15,845 — 11,979 394 
Total loans with n no related allowance$33,941 $52,987 $— $36,462 $616 
Total
Commercial and industrial$62,035 $96,784 $12,010 $65,792 $1,895 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied1,676 1,682 19 1,774 88 
Commercial and business lending63,711 98,466 12,029 67,566 1,982 
Commercial real estate - investor4,633 5,808 15 4,931 174 
Real estate construction477 559 67 494 30 
Commercial real estate lending5,110 6,367 82 5,425 204 
Total commercial68,820 104,833 12,111 72,991 2,186 
Residential mortgage35,554 37,087 2,740 34,683 1,229 
Home equity4,422 4,851 1,190 4,773 211 
Other consumer1,247 1,249 125 1,250 1 
Total consumer41,223 43,187 4,055 40,706 1,441 
Total loans(a)
$110,043 $148,020 $16,165 $113,697 $3,628 
(a) The net recorded investment (defined as recorded investment, net of the related allowance) of the impaired loans represented 63% of the unpaid principal balance at December 31, 2019.
Nonaccrual and performing restructured loans
The following table presents nonaccrual and performing restructured loans by loan portfolio:
 December 31, 2020December 31, 2019December 31, 2018
($ in Thousands)Performing
Restructured
Loans
Nonaccrual
Restructured
Loans(a)
Performing
Restructured
Loans
Nonaccrual
Restructured
Loans(a)
Performing
Restructured
Loans
Nonaccrual
Restructured
Loans(a)
Commercial and industrial$12,713 $6,967 $16,678 $7,376 $25,478 $249 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied1,711 — 1,676 — 2,080 — 
Commercial real estate - investor26,435 225 293 — 799 933 
Real estate construction260 111 298 179 311 198 
Residential mortgage7,825 11,509 3,955 13,035 16,036 22,279 
Home equity1,957 1,379 1,896 1,904 7,385 2,627 
Other consumer1,191 — 1,246 1 1,174 6 
   Total restructured loans(b)
$52,092 $20,190 $26,041 $22,494 $53,263 $26,292 
(a) Nonaccrual restructured loans have been included within nonaccrual loans.
(b) Does not include any restructured loans related to the COVID-19 pandemic in accordance with Section 4013 of the CARES Act.
Summary of restructured loans The following table provides the number of loans modified in a TDR by loan portfolio, the recorded investment, and unpaid principal balance:
Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
($ in Thousands)Number
of
Loans
Recorded
Investment(a)
Unpaid
Principal
Balance(b)
Number
of
Loans
Recorded
Investment(a)
Unpaid
Principal
Balance(b)
Number
of
Loans
Recorded
Investment(a)
Unpaid
Principal
Balance(b)
Commercial and industrial7 $1,823 $2,059 6 $7,588 $7,703 5 $1,315 $1,330 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied4 658 689 — — — — — — 
Commercial real estate - investor10 26,563 26,567 — — — 2 1,393 1,472 
Real estate construction— — — 1 77 77 1 78 80 
Residential mortgage36 6,031 6,113 53 7,436 7,517 41 6,977 7,210 
Home equity20 1,078 1,697 24 831 845 34 1,649 1,681 
Other consumer— — — 1 8 8 3 17 19 
   Total loans modified77 $36,154 $37,125 85 $15,940 $16,150 86 $11,429 $11,792 
(a) Represents post-modification outstanding recorded investment.
(b) Represents pre-modification outstanding recorded investment.
Troubled debt restructurings subsequent redefault
The following table provides the number of loans modified in a TDR during the previous twelve months which subsequently defaulted during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively, as well as the recorded investment in these restructured loans as of December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, respectively:
Years Ended December 31,
 202020192018
($ in Thousands)Number of
Loans		Recorded
Investment		Number of
Loans		Recorded
Investment		Number of
Loans		Recorded
Investment
Commercial and industrial— $— — $— 3 $— 
Commercial real estate — investor— — 1 461 — — 
Residential mortgage5 1,036 38 5,630 20 3,553 
Home equity4 208 27 868 32 1,688 
   Total loans modified9 $1,244 66 $6,959 55 $5,241 
Changes in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment December 31, 2020:
($ in Thousands)Dec. 31, 2019Cumulative effect of ASU 2016-13 adoption (CECL)Jan. 1, 2020Charge offsRecoveriesNet Charge offsGross up of allowance for PCD loans at acquisitionProvision recorded at acquisitionProvision for credit lossesDec. 31, 2020ACLL / Loans
Allowance for loan losses
PPP$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $531 $531 
Commercial and industrial91,133 52,919 144,052 (80,320)7,004 (73,316)293 408 71,355 142,793 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied10,284 (1,851)8,433 (419)147 (272)890 255 1,967 11,274 
Commercial and business lending101,417 51,068 152,485 (80,739)7,151 (73,588)1,183 663 73,853 154,598 
Commercial real estate — investor40,514 2,041 42,555 (22,920)643 (22,277)753 472 71,933 93,435 
Real estate construction24,915 7,467 32,382 (19)49 31 435 492 25,854 59,193 
Commercial real estate lending65,428 9,508 74,937 (22,938)692 (22,246)1,188 964 97,787 152,629 
Total commercial166,846 60,576 227,422 (103,677)7,844 (95,834)2,371 1,627 171,641 307,226 
Residential mortgage16,960 33,215 50,175 (1,867)500 (1,367)651 403 (6,864)42,996 
Home equity10,926 11,649 22,575 (1,719)1,978 259 422 374 (4,781)18,849 
Other consumer6,639 7,016 13,655 (4,790)1,101 (3,689)61 140 4,462 14,630 
Total consumer34,525 51,880 86,405 (8,376)3,579 (4,797)1,134 917 (7,183)76,475 
Total loans$201,371 $112,457 $313,828 $(112,053)$11,422 $(100,631)$3,504 $2,543 $164,457 $383,702 
Allowance for unfunded commitments
Commercial and industrial$12,276 $(3,998)$8,278 $— $— $— $— $61 $13,972 $22,311 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied127 — 127 — — — — 4 135 266 
Commercial and business lending12,403 (3,998)8,405 — — — — 65 14,108 22,577 
Commercial real estate — investor530 246 776 — — — — 2 (141)636 
Real estate construction7,532 18,347 25,879 — — — — 45 (7,038)18,886 
Commercial real estate lending8,062 18,593 26,655 — — — — 47 (7,179)19,522 
Total commercial20,465 14,595 35,060 — — — — 112 6,929 42,099 
Home equity1,038 2,591 3,629 — — — — 66 (577)3,118 
Other consumer405 1,504 1,909 — — — — — 649 2,557 
Total consumer1,443 4,095 5,538 — — — — 66 72 5,676 
Total loans$21,907 $18,690 $40,597 $— $— $— $— $179 $7,000 $47,776 
Allowance for credit losses on loans
PPP$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $531 $531 0.07 %
Commercial and industrial103,409 48,921 152,330 (80,320)7,004 (73,316)293 469 85,327 165,105 2.14 %
Commercial real estate — owner occupied10,411 (1,851)8,560 (419)147 (272)890 259 2,102 11,539 1.28 %
Commercial and business lending113,820 47,070 160,890 (80,739)7,151 (73,588)1,183 728 87,961 177,175 1.89 %
Commercial real estate — investor41,044 2,287 43,331 (22,920)643 (22,277)753 474 71,792 94,071 2.17 %
Real estate construction32,447 25,814 58,261 (19)49 31 435 537 18,816 78,079 4.24 %
Commercial real estate lending73,490 28,101 101,591 (22,938)692 (22,246)1,188 1,011 90,608 172,151 2.78 %
Total commercial187,311 75,171 262,482 (103,677)7,844 (95,834)2,371 1,739 178,569 349,326 2.25 %
Residential mortgage16,960 33,215 50,175 (1,867)500 (1,367)651 403 (6,865)42,997 0.55 %
Home equity11,964 14,240 26,204 (1,719)1,978 259 422 440 (5,358)21,967 3.11 %
Other consumer7,044 8,520 15,564 (4,790)1,101 (3,689)61 140 5,111 17,187 5.49 %
Total consumer35,968 55,975 91,943 (8,376)3,579 (4,797)1,134 983 (7,112)82,151 0.92 %
Total loans$223,278 $131,147 $354,425 $(112,053)$11,422 $(100,631)$3,504 $2,722 $171,457 $431,478 1.76 %
The following table presents details of the allowance for loan losses segregated by loan portfolio segment as of December 31, 2019, calculated in accordance with prior incurred loss methodology applicable under ASC Topic 310:
($ in Thousands)December 31, 2018Charge offsRecoveriesNet Charge offsProvision for loan lossesDecember 31, 2019
Allowance for loan losses
Commercial and industrial$108,835 $(63,315)$11,875 $(51,441)$33,738 $91,133 
Commercial real estate — owner occupied9,255 (222)2,795 2,573 (1,543)10,284 
Commercial and business lending118,090 (63,537)14,670 (48,868)32,195 101,417 
Commercial real estate — investor40,844 — 31 31 (361)40,514 
Real estate construction28,240 (60)302 243 (3,568)24,915 
Commercial real estate lending69,084 (60)333 274 (3,929)65,428 
Total commercial187,174 (63,597)15,003 (48,594)28,266 166,846 
Residential mortgage25,595 (3,322)692 (2,630)(6,005)16,960 
Home equity19,266 (1,846)2,599 753 (9,093)10,926 
Other consumer5,988 (5,548)868 (4,681)5,332 6,639 
Total consumer50,849 (10,716)4,158 (6,558)(9,766)34,525 
Total loans$238,023 $(74,313)$19,161 $(55,152)$18,500 $201,371