485BPOS 1 mtpeafinal.htm MT 485B PEA#165-167 DTD 11-21-2016 Part_C_Template.doc

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 21, 2016

1933 Act File No. 033-00572

1940 Act File No. 811-04409

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM N-1A

 

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT of 1933

o

 

POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 165

x

 

REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940

o

 

AMENDMENT NO. 167

x

 

EATON VANCE MUNICIPALS TRUST

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

 

Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

 

(617) 482-8260

(Registrants Telephone Number)

 

MAUREEN A. GEMMA

Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110

(Name and Address of Agent for Service)

It is proposed that this filing will become effective pursuant to Rule 485 (check appropriate box):

¨

immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)

o

on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)

x

on December 1, 2016 pursuant to paragraph (b)

o

75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)

o

60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)

o

on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)

If appropriate, check the following box:

o

This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.


 




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Eaton Vance Arizona Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETAZXClass B Shares - EVAZXClass C Shares - ECAZXClass I Shares - EIAZX

Eaton Vance Connecticut Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETCTXClass B Shares - EVCTXClass C Shares - ECCTXClass I Shares - EICTX

Eaton Vance Minnesota Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETMNXClass B Shares - EVMNXClass C Shares - ECMNXClass I Shares - EIMNX

Eaton Vance New Jersey Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETNJXClass C Shares - ECNJXClass I Shares - EINJX

Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETPAXClass B Shares - EVPAXClass C Shares - ECPAXClass I Shares - EIPAX

Mutual funds seeking to provide tax-exempt income

Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund

Class A Shares - EMOAXClass C Shares - EMOCXClass I Shares - EMOIX

Mutual fund seeking after-tax total return

Prospectus Dated
December 1, 2016

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has not approved or disapproved these securities or determined whether this Prospectus is truthful or complete.  Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

This Prospectus contains important information about the Funds and the services
available to shareholders.  Please save it for reference.





Table of Contents

Fund Summaries

3

Arizona Fund

3

Connecticut Fund

8

Minnesota Fund

13

Municipal Opportunities Fund

18

New Jersey Fund

23

Pennsylvania Fund

28

Investment Objective & Principal Policies and Risks

33

Management and Organization

36

Valuing Shares

38

Purchasing Shares

38

Sales Charges

41

Redeeming Shares

43

Shareholder Account Features

44

Additional Tax Information

46

Financial Highlights

49

Arizona Fund

49

Connecticut Fund

52

Minnesota Fund

55

Municipal Opportunities Fund

58

New Jersey Fund

60

Pennsylvania Fund

62




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

2

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Fund Summaries


Arizona Municipal Income Fund

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and Arizona state personal income tax.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.  You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds.  More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 41 of this Prospectus and page 22 of the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.  

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

4.75%

None

None

None

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption)

None

5.00%

1.00%

None


Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Management Fees

 

0.29%

0.29%

0.29%

0.29%

Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees

 

0.20%

0.95%

0.95%

None

Other Expenses

 

0.20 %

0.20 %

0.20 %

0.20 %

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

 

0.69%

1.44%

1.44%

0.49%

Example.  This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.  The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods.  The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

Expenses with Redemption

Expenses without Redemption

 

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

Class A shares

$542

$685

$841

$1,293

$542

$685

$841

$1,293

Class B shares

$647

$856

$987

$1,520

$147

$456

$787

$1,520

Class C shares

$247

$456

$787

$1,724

$147

$456

$787

$1,724

Class I shares

$50

$157

$274

$616

$50

$157

$274

$616

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” the portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account.  These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 14 % of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in municipal obligations that are exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s investment objective (the “80% Policy”).  The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  At least 75% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (“junk bonds”). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B or in unrated obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser.  For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by two or more rating agencies, the highest rating is used.  Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 65% of its total assets in obligations issued by its state or its political



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

3

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities.  If consistent with relevant state tax requirements, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its net assets in municipal obligations issued by the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.  The Fund is “non-diversified” and may invest, with respect to 50% of its total assets, more than 5% (but not more than 25%) of its total assets in securities of any one issuer (such limitations do not apply to U.S. Government securities).   The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in other debt obligations, including (but not limited to) taxable municipal obligations, U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities.   The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps, and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, to seek total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.  There is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.

In pursuing its investment objective, the Fund normally acquires municipal obligations with maturities of ten years or more.  The Fund’s portfolio often has a longer average maturity than is typical of many other funds that invest primarily in municipal obligations.  As a result, the interest rate risk described below may be more significant for the Fund.  The Fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more economic sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).  The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), in order to seek exposure to the municipal markets or municipal market sectors.

The investment adviser’s process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis.  The portfolio manager also may trade securities to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders.  A portion of the Fund’s distributions generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Principal Risks

Municipal Obligation Risk.  The amount of public information available about municipal obligations is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal obligations may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal obligations also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owner’s ability to sell its municipal obligations at attractive prices.  The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress.  Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements.  The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.

Debt Market Risk.  Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted.  Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand.  At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market.  An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater price volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market.  No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.  Fixed - income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. As a result of the Federal Reserve’s action to end its quantitative easing stimulus program as well as the possibility that it may unwind the program and its recent decision to raise the target fed funds rate , fixed - income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.

Interest Rate Risk.  In general, the value of income securities will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates.  The value of these securities is likely to increase when interest rates fall and decline when interest rates rise.  Generally, securities with longer durations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than shorter duration securities. Because the Fund is managed toward an income objective, it may hold more longer duration obligations and thereby be more exposed to interest rate risk than municipal income funds that are managed with a greater emphasis on total return.  In a rising interest rate environment, the duration of income securities that have the ability to be prepaid or called by the issuer may be extended.  In a declining interest rate environment, the proceeds from prepaid or maturing instruments may have to be reinvested at a lower interest rate.

Maturity Risk.  Interest rate risk will generally affect the price of a fixed income security more if the security has a longer maturity. Fixed income securities with longer maturities will therefore be more volatile than other fixed income securities with shorter maturities. Conversely, fixed income securities with shorter maturities will be less volatile but generally provide lower returns than fixed income securities with longer maturities. The average maturity of the Fund’s investments will affect the volatility of the Fund’s share price.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

4

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Credit Risk.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of a municipal obligation to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions.  The value of a municipal obligation also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about the issuer’s ability to make principal and interest payments.  In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes.  Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments.  If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected.  In the case of an insured municipal obligation , the municipal obligation’s rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the municipal obligation’s issuer or the insurer.

Risk of Lower Rated Investments.  Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (“junk bonds”) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments.  An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs.  Lower rated investments typically are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.

Derivatives Risk.  The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints.  Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Fund’s exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund .   A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events.  Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index .  Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument.  If a derivative’s counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty.  The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment , particularly when there is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.

Risk of Leveraged Transactions.  Certain Fund transactions may give rise to leverage.  Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions.   Generally, leverage involves the use of borrowed funds or various financial instruments (such as the foregoing transactions) to seek to increase a fund’s potential return.   The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Fund’s obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage.  The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.  Leverage may cause the Fund’s share price to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities.  The loss on leveraged investments may substantially exceed the initial investment.

Risk of Residual Interest Bonds.  The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond.  The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase.  The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity.  As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.   All existing residual interest bonds were restructured in order to comply with banking regulations effective in July 2015 and July 2016.    

Sector and Geographic Risk.  Because the Fund will invest a significant portion of its assets in obligations issued in a particular state and/or U.S. territory and may invest a significant portion of its assets in certain sectors or types of obligations, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that state, U.S. territory, sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a fund that invests more broadly. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and its related issuers continue to experience financial difficulties and rating agency downgrades, and multiple issuers have defaulted on their payment obligations . See “Credit Risk” and “Risk of Lower Rated Investments” above. Please refer to the Fund's Statement of Additional Information for state-specific economic information as well as information about Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.

Risks of Principal Only Investments.  Principal only investments are municipal obligations which entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity.  The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently.  The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year.  The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

5

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


ETF Risk.  ETFs are subject to the risks of investing in the underlying securities. ETF shares may trade at a premium or discount to net asset value and are subject to secondary market trading risks. In addition, the Fund will bear a pro rata portion of the operating expenses of an ETF in which it invests.

Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is “non-diversified,” which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are “diversified.”  Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.

Tax Risk.  Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or state tax authorities , or the non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Fund’s income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Risks Associated with Active Management.  The success of the Fund’s investment program depends on portfolio management’s successful application of analytical skills and investment judgment.  Active management involves subjective decisions.

General Fund Investing Risks.  The Fund is not a complete investment program and there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.  It is possible to lose money by investing in the Fund.  The Fund is designed to be a long-term investment vehicle and is not suited for short-term trading. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.  

Performance

The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and how the Fund’s average annual returns over time compare with those of two broad-based securities market indices.  The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge.  If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower.  Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results.  Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.  [combmunipro004.gif]

For the ten years ended December 31, 2015 , the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 9.41% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was - 7.54% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.  The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 ) was 4.05 %.  For the 30 days ended July 31, 2016 , the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a combined state and federal income tax rate of 45.97%) for Class A shares were 1. 25 % and 2.32 %, respectively, for Class B shares were 0.59% and 1. 09 %, respectively, for Class C shares were 0.56% and 1. 03 %, respectively, and for Class I shares were 1.49 % and 2.76 %, respectively.  A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields.  For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.

Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2015

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Class A Return Before Taxes

-2.25%

4.40%

3.62%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions

-2.25%

4.39%

3.62%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares

0.28%

4.30%

3.70%

Class B Return Before Taxes

-3.03%

4.30%

3.37%

Class C Return Before Taxes

0.92%

4.65%

3.38%

Class I Return Before Taxes

2.86%

5.63%

4.25%

Bloomberg Barclays  Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.30%

5.35%

4.71%

Bloomberg Barclays  20 Year Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.93%

7.08%

5.39%

These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (4.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) for Class B and Class C.   Class I performance shown above for the period prior to August 3, 2010 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes.  If adjusted for such differences, returns would be different.  Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.  

After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant for shareholders who hold Fund shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

6

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Management

Investment Adviser.  Boston Management and Research (“BMR”).

Portfolio Manager.  The Fund is managed by Craig R. Brandon, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since September 2004.

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business.  Class B shares are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122.  The minimum initial purchase or exchange into the Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances).  There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

Tax Information

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s objective. However, the Fund may also distribute taxable income to the extent that it invests in taxable municipal obligations.  Distributions of any net realized gains are expected to be taxable.

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase the Fund’s shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, “financial intermediaries”), the Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

7

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Connecticut Municipal Income Fund

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and Connecticut state personal income tax.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.  You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds.  More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 41 of this Prospectus and page 22 of the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.  

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

4.75%

None

None

None

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption)

None

5.00%

1.00%

None


Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Management Fees

 

0.33%

0.33%

0.33%

0.33%

Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees

 

0.20%

0.95%

0.95%

None

Other Expenses

 

0.19 %

0.19 %

0.19 %

0.19 %

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

 

0.72%

1.47%

1.47%

0.52%

Example.  This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.  The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods.  The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

Expenses with Redemption

Expenses without Redemption

 

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

Class A shares

$545

$694

$857

$1,327

$545

$694

$857

$1,327

Class B shares

$650

$865

$1,003

$1,554

$150

$465

$803

$1,554

Class C shares

$250

$465

$803

$1,757

$150

$465

$803

$1,757

Class I shares

$53

$167

$291

$653

$53

$167

$291

$653

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” the portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account.  These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 7 % of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in municipal obligations that are exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s investment objective (the “80% Policy”).  The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  At least 75% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (“junk bonds”). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B or in unrated obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser.  For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by two or more rating agencies, the highest rating is used.  Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 65% of its total assets in obligations issued by its state or its political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities.  If consistent with relevant state tax requirements, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its net assets in municipal obligations issued by the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.  The Fund is “non-diversified” and may invest, with respect to 50% of its total assets, more than 5% (but not more than 25%) of its total assets in securities of any one issuer (such limitations do not apply to U.S. Government securities).  



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

8

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in other debt obligations, including (but not limited to) taxable municipal obligations, U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities.   The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps, and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, to seek total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.  There is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.

In pursuing its investment objective, the Fund normally acquires municipal obligations with maturities of ten years or more.  The Fund’s portfolio often has a longer average maturity than is typical of many other funds that invest primarily in municipal obligations.  As a result, the interest rate risk described below may be more significant for the Fund.  The Fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more economic sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).  The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), in order to seek exposure to the municipal markets or municipal market sectors.

The investment adviser’s process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis.  The portfolio manager also may trade securities to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders.  A portion of the Fund’s distributions generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Principal Risks

Municipal Obligation Risk.  The amount of public information available about municipal obligations is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal obligations may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal obligations also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owner’s ability to sell its municipal obligations at attractive prices.  The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress.  Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements.  The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.

Debt Market Risk.  Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted.  Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand.  At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market.  An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater price volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market.  No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.  Fixed - income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. As a result of the Federal Reserve’s action to end its quantitative easing stimulus program as well as the possibility that it may unwind the program and its recent decision to raise the target fed funds rate , fixed - income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.

Interest Rate Risk.  In general, the value of income securities will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates.  The value of these securities is likely to increase when interest rates fall and decline when interest rates rise.  Generally, securities with longer durations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than shorter duration securities. Because the Fund is managed toward an income objective, it may hold more longer duration obligations and thereby be more exposed to interest rate risk than municipal income funds that are managed with a greater emphasis on total return.  In a rising interest rate environment, the duration of income securities that have the ability to be prepaid or called by the issuer may be extended.  In a declining interest rate environment, the proceeds from prepaid or maturing instruments may have to be reinvested at a lower interest rate.

Maturity Risk.  Interest rate risk will generally affect the price of a fixed income security more if the security has a longer maturity. Fixed income securities with longer maturities will therefore be more volatile than other fixed income securities with shorter maturities. Conversely, fixed income securities with shorter maturities will be less volatile but generally provide lower returns than fixed income securities with longer maturities. The average maturity of the Fund’s investments will affect the volatility of the Fund’s share price.

Credit Risk.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of a municipal obligation to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions.  The value of a municipal obligation also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about the issuer’s ability to make principal and interest payments.  In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes.  Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments.  If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be



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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


negatively affected.  In the case of an insured municipal obligation , the municipal obligation’s rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the municipal obligation’s issuer or the insurer.

Risk of Lower Rated Investments.  Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (“junk bonds”) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments.  An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs.  Lower rated investments typically are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.

Derivatives Risk.  The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints.  Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Fund’s exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund .   A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events.  Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index .  Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument.  If a derivative’s counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty.  The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment , particularly when there is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.

Risk of Leveraged Transactions.  Certain Fund transactions may give rise to leverage.  Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions.   Generally, leverage involves the use of borrowed funds or various financial instruments (such as the foregoing transactions) to seek to increase a fund’s potential return.   The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Fund’s obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage.  The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.  Leverage may cause the Fund’s share price to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities.  The loss on leveraged investments may substantially exceed the initial investment.

Risk of Residual Interest Bonds.  The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond.  The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase.  The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity.  As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.   All existing residual interest bonds were restructured in order to comply with banking regulations effective in July 2015 and July 2016.    

Sector and Geographic Risk.  Because the Fund will invest a significant portion of its assets in obligations issued in a particular state and/or U.S. territory and may invest a significant portion of its assets in certain sectors or types of obligations, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that state, U.S. territory, sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a fund that invests more broadly. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and its related issuers continue to experience financial difficulties and rating agency downgrades, and multiple issuers have defaulted on their payment obligations . See “Credit Risk” and “Risk of Lower Rated Investments” above. Please refer to the Fund's Statement of Additional Information for state-specific economic information as well as information about Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.

Risks of Principal Only Investments.  Principal only investments are municipal obligations which entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity.  The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently.  The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year.  The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.

ETF Risk.  ETFs are subject to the risks of investing in the underlying securities. ETF shares may trade at a premium or discount to net asset value and are subject to secondary market trading risks. In addition, the Fund will bear a pro rata portion of the operating expenses of an ETF in which it invests.

Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is “non-diversified,” which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are “diversified.”  Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.



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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Tax Risk.  Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or state tax authorities , or the non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Fund’s income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Risks Associated with Active Management.  The success of the Fund’s investment program depends on portfolio management’s successful application of analytical skills and investment judgment.  Active management involves subjective decisions.

General Fund Investing Risks.  The Fund is not a complete investment program and there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.  It is possible to lose money by investing in the Fund.  The Fund is designed to be a long-term investment vehicle and is not suited for short-term trading. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.  

Performance

The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and how the Fund’s average annual returns over time compare with those of two broad-based securities market indices.  The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge.  If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower.  Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results.  Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.[combmunipro006.gif]

For the ten years ended December 31, 2015 , the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 8.56% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was - 5.52% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.  The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 ) was 4.46 %.  For the 30 days ended July 31, 2016 , the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a combined state and federal income tax rate of 47.36%) for Class A shares were 1. 11 % and 2.11 %, respectively, for Class B shares were 0.43 % and 0.81 %, respectively, for Class C shares were 0.43 % and 0.81 %, respectively, and for Class I shares were 1.37 % and 2.59 %, respectively.  A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields.  For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.

Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2015

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Class A Return Before Taxes

-2.11%

3.92%

3.34%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions

-2.11%

3.91%

3.34%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares

0.24%

3.89%

3.45%

Class B Return Before Taxes

-2.94%

3.80%

3.07%

Class C Return Before Taxes

1.03%

4.14%

3.07%

Class I Return Before Taxes

2.99%

5.12%

4.01%

Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.30%

5.35%

4.71%

Bloomberg Barclays 20 Year Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.93%

7.08%

5.39%

These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (4.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) for Class B and Class C.  The Class C performance shown above for the period prior to February 9, 2006 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class B shares without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes and the Class I performance shown above for the period prior to March 3, 2008 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes. If adjusted for such differences, returns would be different.  Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.  

After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant for shareholders who hold Fund shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.

Management

Investment Adviser.  Boston Management and Research (“BMR”).

Portfolio Manager.  The Fund is managed by Cynthia J. Clemson, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since March 2014.   



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business.  Class B shares are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122.  The minimum initial purchase or exchange into the Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances).  There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

Tax Information

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s objective. However, the Fund may also distribute taxable income to the extent that it invests in taxable municipal obligations.  Distributions of any net realized gains are expected to be taxable.

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase the Fund’s shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, “financial intermediaries”), the Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Minnesota Municipal Income Fund

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and regular Minnesota state personal income tax.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.  You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds.  More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 41 of this Prospectus and page 22 of the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

4.75%

None

None

None

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption)

None

5.00%

1.00%

None


Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Management Fees

0.35%

0.35%

0.35%

0.35%

Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees

0.20%

0.95%

0.95%

None

Other Expenses

0.14 %

0.15 %

0.14 %

0.14 %

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

0.69%

1.45%

1.44%

0.49%

Example.  This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.  The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods.  The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

Expenses with Redemption

Expenses without Redemption

 

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

Class A shares

$542

$685

$841

$1,293

$542

$685

$841

$1,293

Class B shares

$648

$859

$992

$1,529

$148

$459

$792

$1,529

Class C shares

$247

$456

$787

$1,724

$147

$456

$787

$1,724

Class I shares

$50

$157

$274

$616

$50

$157

$274

$616

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” the portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account.  These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 12 % of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in municipal obligations that are exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s investment objective (the “80% Policy”).  The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  At least 75% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (“junk bonds”). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B or in unrated obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser.  For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by two or more rating agencies, the highest rating is used.  Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 65% of its total assets in obligations issued by its state or its political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities.  If consistent with relevant state tax requirements, the Fund may invest



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


up to 35% of its net assets in municipal obligations issued by the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.  The Fund is “non-diversified” and may invest, with respect to 50% of its total assets, more than 5% (but not more than 25%) of its total assets in securities of any one issuer (such limitations do not apply to U.S. Government securities).   The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in other debt obligations, including (but not limited to) taxable municipal obligations, U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities.   The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps, and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, to seek total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.  There is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.

In pursuing its investment objective, the Fund normally acquires municipal obligations with maturities of ten years or more.  The Fund’s portfolio often has a longer average maturity than is typical of many other funds that invest primarily in municipal obligations.  As a result, the interest rate risk described below may be more significant for the Fund.  The Fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more economic sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).  The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), in order to seek exposure to the municipal markets or municipal market sectors.

The investment adviser’s process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis.  The portfolio manager also may trade securities to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders.  A portion of the Fund’s distributions generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Principal Risks

Municipal Obligation Risk.  The amount of public information available about municipal obligations is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal obligations may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal obligations also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owner’s ability to sell its municipal obligations at attractive prices.  The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress.  Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements.  The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.

Debt Market Risk.  Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted.  Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand.  At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market.  An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater price volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market.  No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.  Fixed - income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. As a result of the Federal Reserve’s action to end its quantitative easing stimulus program as well as the possibility that it may unwind the program and its recent decision to raise the target fed funds rate , fixed - income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.

Interest Rate Risk.  In general, the value of income securities will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates.  The value of these securities is likely to increase when interest rates fall and decline when interest rates rise.  Generally, securities with longer durations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than shorter duration securities. Because the Fund is managed toward an income objective, it may hold more longer duration obligations and thereby be more exposed to interest rate risk than municipal income funds that are managed with a greater emphasis on total return.  In a rising interest rate environment, the duration of income securities that have the ability to be prepaid or called by the issuer may be extended.  In a declining interest rate environment, the proceeds from prepaid or maturing instruments may have to be reinvested at a lower interest rate.

Maturity Risk.  Interest rate risk will generally affect the price of a fixed income security more if the security has a longer maturity. Fixed income securities with longer maturities will therefore be more volatile than other fixed income securities with shorter maturities. Conversely, fixed income securities with shorter maturities will be less volatile but generally provide lower returns than fixed income securities with longer maturities. The average maturity of the Fund’s investments will affect the volatility of the Fund’s share price.

Credit Risk.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of a municipal obligation to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions.  The value of a municipal obligation also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


the issuer’s ability to make principal and interest payments.  In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes.  Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments.  If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected.  In the case of an insured municipal obligation , the municipal obligation’s rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the municipal obligation’s issuer or the insurer.

Risk of Lower Rated Investments.  Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (“junk bonds”) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments.  An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs.  Lower rated investments typically are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.

Derivatives Risk.  The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints.  Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Fund’s exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund .   A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events.  Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index .  Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument.  If a derivative’s counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty.  The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment , particularly when there is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives .

Risk of Leveraged Transactions.  Certain Fund transactions may give rise to leverage.  Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions.   Generally, leverage involves the use of borrowed funds or various financial instruments (such as the foregoing transactions) to seek to increase a fund’s potential return.   The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Fund’s obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage.  The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.  Leverage may cause the Fund’s share price to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities.  The loss on leveraged investments may substantially exceed the initial investment.

Risk of Residual Interest Bonds.  The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond.  The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase.  The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity.  As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.   All existing residual interest bonds were restructured in order to comply with banking regulations effective in July 2015 and July 2016.    

Sector and Geographic Risk.  Because the Fund will invest a significant portion of its assets in obligations issued in a particular state and/or U.S. territory and may invest a significant portion of its assets in certain sectors or types of obligations, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that state, U.S. territory, sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a fund that invests more broadly. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and its related issuers continue to experience financial difficulties and rating agency downgrades, and multiple issuers have defaulted on their payment obligations . See “Credit Risk” and “Risk of Lower Rated Investments” above. Please refer to the Fund's Statement of Additional Information for state-specific economic information as well as information about Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.

Risks of Principal Only Investments.  Principal only investments are municipal obligations which entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity.  The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently.  The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year.  The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.

ETF Risk.  ETFs are subject to the risks of investing in the underlying securities. ETF shares may trade at a premium or discount to net asset value and are subject to secondary market trading risks. In addition, the Fund will bear a pro rata portion of the operating expenses of an ETF in which it invests.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is “non-diversified,” which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are “diversified.”  Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.

Tax Risk.  Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or state tax authorities , or the non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Fund’s income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Risks Associated with Active Management.  The success of the Fund’s investment program depends on portfolio management’s successful application of analytical skills and investment judgment.  Active management involves subjective decisions.

General Fund Investing Risks.  The Fund is not a complete investment program and there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.  It is possible to lose money by investing in the Fund.  The Fund is designed to be a long-term investment vehicle and is not suited for short-term trading. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.  

Performance

The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and how the Fund’s average annual returns over time compare with those of two broad-based securities market indices.  The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge.  If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower.  Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results.  Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.[combmunipro008.gif]

For the ten years ended December 31, 2015 , the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 8.23% for the quarter ended March 31, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was - 6.19% for the quarter ended September 30, 2008.  The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 ) was 2.99 %.  For the 30 days ended July 31, 2016 , the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a combined state and federal income tax rate of 48.98%) for Class A shares were 0.81 % and 1.58 %, respectively, for Class B shares were 0. 13 % and 0.26 %, respectively, for Class C shares were 0. 10 % and 0.19 %, respectively, and for Class I shares were 1. 02 % and 2.01 %, respectively.  A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields.  For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.

Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2015

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Class A Return Before Taxes

-1.85%

4.12%

3.77%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions

-1.87%

4.12%

3.76%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares

0.27%

3.98%

3.76%

Class B Return Before Taxes

-2.61%

4.02%

3.50%

Class C Return Before Taxes

1.29%

4.36%

3.48%

Class I Return Before Taxes

3.35%

5.37%

4.39%

Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.30%

5.35%

4.71%

Bloomberg Barclays 20 Year Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.93%

7.08%

5.39%

These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (4.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) for Class B and Class C.   Class I performance shown above for the period prior to August 3, 2010 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes.  If adjusted for such differences, returns would be different.  Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.  

After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant for shareholders who hold Fund shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Management

Investment Adviser.  Boston Management and Research (“BMR”).

Portfolio Manager.  The Fund is managed by Craig R. Brandon, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since September 2004.   

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business.  Class B shares are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122.  The minimum initial purchase or exchange into the Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances).  There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

Tax Information

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s objective. However, the Fund may also distribute taxable income to the extent that it invests in taxable municipal obligations.  Distributions of any net realized gains are expected to be taxable.

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase the Fund’s shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, “financial intermediaries”), the Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Municipal Opportunities Fund

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek to maximize after-tax total return.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.  You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds.  More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 41 of this Prospectus and page 22 of the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

Class A

Class C

Class I

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

4.75%

None

None

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at time of purchase or redemption)

None

1.00%

None


Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Class A

Class C

Class I

Management Fees

0.60%

0.60%

0.60%

Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees

0.25%

1.00%

None

Other Expenses

0.12 %

0.12 %

0.12 %

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

0.97%

1.72%

0.72%

Example.  This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.  The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods.  The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

Expenses with Redemption

Expenses without Redemption

 

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

Class A shares

$569

$769

$986

$1,608

$569

$769

$986

$1,608

Class C shares

$275

$542

$933

$2,030

$175

$542

$933

$2,030

Class I shares

$74

$230

$401

$894

$74

$230

$401

$894

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” the portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account.  These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 58 % of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in municipal obligations, the interest on which is exempt from regular federal income tax (the “80% Policy”).  The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  The Fund has a flexible investment strategy and may invest in obligations of any duration and credit quality. The Fund also may invest up to 50% of its net assets in obligations rated below investment grade (“junk bonds”).  Below investment grade obligations are those obligations rated below Baa by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or below BBB by either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”).  For the purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by two or more rating agencies, the highest rating is used.  The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in other debt obligations, including (but not limited to) taxable municipal obligations, U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities (“Agency Securities”).  

The Fund may purchase derivative instruments, which derive their value from another instrument, security or index. The Fund may purchase or sell various kinds of residual interest bonds, financial futures contracts and options thereon to hedge against changes in interest rates or as a substitute for the purchase of portfolio securities. The Fund also may enter into interest rate swaps, forward rate contracts and credit derivatives, which may include credit default swaps, total return swaps or credit options, as well as purchase an instrument that has greater or lesser credit risk than the municipal bonds underlying the instrument.  There is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


In pursuing its investment objective, the Fund may acquire municipal obligations with varying maturities.  Depending on the Fund’s average maturity, the interest rate risk described below may be more or less significant for the Fund. The longer the Fund’s average maturity, the more significant interest rate risk will be for the Fund.  The Fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).  The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), in order to seek exposure to the municipal markets or municipal market sectors.

The investment adviser’s process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market.  In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis.  The portfolio managers generally will seek to enhance after-tax total return by balancing investment considerations and tax considerations.  The Fund expects to actively engage in relative value trading to take advantage of price appreciation opportunities or to realize capital losses.  A portion of the Fund’s distributions generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Principal Risks

Municipal Obligation Risk.  The amount of public information available about municipal obligations is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal obligations may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal obligations also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owner’s ability to sell its municipal obligations at attractive prices.  The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress.  Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements.  The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.

Debt Market Risk.  Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted.  Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand.  At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market.  An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater price volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market.  No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.  Fixed - income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. As a result of the Federal Reserve’s action to end its quantitative easing stimulus program as well as the possibility that it may unwind the program and its recent decision to raise the target fed funds rate , fixed - income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.

Interest Rate Risk.  In general, the value of income securities will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates.  The value of these securities is likely to increase when interest rates fall and decline when interest rates rise.  Generally, securities with longer durations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than shorter duration securities.  In a rising interest rate environment, the duration of income securities that have the ability to be prepaid or called by the issuer may be extended.  In a declining interest rate environment, the proceeds from prepaid or maturing instruments may have to be reinvested at a lower interest rate.

Maturity Risk.  Interest rate risk will generally affect the price of a fixed income security more if the security has a longer maturity. Fixed income securities with longer maturities will therefore be more volatile than other fixed income securities with shorter maturities. Conversely, fixed income securities with shorter maturities will be less volatile but generally provide lower returns than fixed income securities with longer maturities. The average maturity of the Fund’s investments will affect the volatility of the Fund’s share price.

Credit Risk.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of a municipal obligation to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions.  The value of a municipal obligation also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about the issuer’s ability to make principal and interest payments.  In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes.  Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments.  If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected.  In the case of an insured municipal obligation , the municipal obligation’s rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the municipal obligation’s issuer or the insurer.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Derivatives Risk.  The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints.  Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Fund’s exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund .   A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events.  Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index .  Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument.  If a derivative’s counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty.  The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment , particularly when there is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives .

Risk of Leveraged Transactions.  Certain Fund transactions may give rise to leverage.  Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions.   Generally, leverage involves the use of borrowed funds or various financial instruments (such as the foregoing transactions) to seek to increase a fund’s potential return.   The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Fund’s obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage.  The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.  Leverage may cause the Fund’s share price to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities.  The loss on leveraged investments may substantially exceed the initial investment.

Risk of Lower Rated Investments.  Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (“junk bonds”) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments.  An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs.  Lower rated investments typically are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.

Tax-Sensitive Investing Risk. The Fund’s tax-sensitive strategy may cause the Fund to hold a security in order to achieve more favorable tax-treatment or to sell a security in order to create tax losses. The Fund’s ability to utilize various tax-management techniques may be curtailed or eliminated in the future by tax legislation or regulation. There can be no assurance that the Fund will be able to minimize taxable distributions to investors and a portion of the Fund’s distributions may be taxable.

Risk of Residual Interest Bonds.  The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond.  The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase.  The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity.  As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.   All existing residual interest bonds were restructured in order to comply with banking regulations effective in July 2015 and July 2016.    

Sector and Geographic Risk.  Because the Fund may invest a significant portion of its assets in certain types of municipal obligations and/or in certain states, U.S. territories or sectors, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that state, U.S. territory or sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a fund that invests more broadly. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and its related issuers continue to experience financial difficulties and rating agency downgrades, and multiple issuers have defaulted on their payment obligations . See “Credit Risk” and “Risk of Lower Rated Investments” above. Please refer to the Fund's Statement of Additional Information for state-specific economic information as well as information about Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.

Risks of Principal Only Investments.  Principal only investments are municipal obligations which entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity.  The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently.  The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year.  The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.

Risk of U.S. Government-Sponsored Agencies.  Although certain U.S. Government-sponsored agencies (such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and the Federal National Mortgage Association) may be chartered or sponsored by acts of Congress, their securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

20

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


ETF Risk.  ETFs are subject to the risks of investing in the underlying securities. ETF shares may trade at a premium or discount to net asset value and are subject to secondary market trading risks. In addition, the Fund will bear a pro rata portion of the operating expenses of an ETF in which it invests.

Tax Risk.  Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or the non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Fund’s income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Risks Associated with Active Management.  The success of the Fund’s investment program depends on portfolio management’s successful application of analytical skills and investment judgment.  Active management involves subjective decisions.

General Fund Investing Risks.  The Fund is not a complete investment program and there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.  It is possible to lose money by investing in the Fund.  The Fund is designed to be a long-term investment vehicle and is not suited for short-term trading. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.  

Performance

The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and how the Fund’s average annual returns over time compare with those of a broad-based securities market index.  The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge.  If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower.  Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results.  The Fund’s performance reflects the effects of expense reductions.  Absent these reductions, performance for certain periods would have been lower.  Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.[combmunipro010.gif]

During the period from December 31, 2011 through December 31, 2015 , the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 5.37% for the quarter ended March 31, 2014, and the lowest quarterly return was - 5.03% for the quarter ended June, 30, 2013.  The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 ) was 5.14 %.  For the 30 days ended July 31, 2016 , the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a federal income tax rate of 43.40%) for Class A shares were 1. 19 % and 2.10 %, respectively, for Class C shares were 0.50 % and 0.88 %, respectively, and for Class I shares were 1.49 % and 2.63 %, respectively.  A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields.  For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.

Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2015

One Year

Life of Fund

Class A Return Before Taxes

-0.88%

5.32%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions

-0.98%

5.04%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares

0.16%

4.47%

Class C Return Before Taxes

2.24%

6.15%

Class I Return Before Taxes

4.29%

6.73%

Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.30%

4.93%

These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (4.75%).  Class A and Class I commenced operations on May 31, 2011.  The Class C performance shown above for the period prior to August 18, 2014 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes .  If adjusted for such differences, returns would be different.  Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.  

After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant for shareholders who hold Fund shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

21

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Management

Investment Adviser.  Eaton Vance Management (“Eaton Vance”).

Portfolio Manager.  The Fund is managed by Adam A. Weigold, Vice President of Eaton Vance, who has managed the Fund since its inception in May 2011.

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business.  You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122.  The minimum initial purchase or exchange into the Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances).  There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

Tax Information

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be exempt from regular federal income taxes. However, the Fund may also distribute taxable income to the extent that it invests in taxable municipal obligations, U.S. Treasury securities or Agency Securities.  Distributions of any net realized gains are expected to be taxable.

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase the Fund’s shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, “financial intermediaries”), the Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


New Jersey Municipal Income Fund

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and New Jersey state personal income tax.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.  You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds.  More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 41 of this Prospectus and page 22 of the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.  

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

Class A

Class C

Class I

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

4.75%

None

None

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption)

None

1.00%

None


Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Class A

Class C

Class I

Management Fees

 

0.38%

0.38%

0.38%

Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees

 

0.20%

0.95%

None

Interest Expense

0.03%

 

 

 

Other Expenses other than Interest Expense

0.14 %

 

 

 

Other Expenses

 

0.17 %

0.17 %

0.17 %

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

 

0.75%

1.50%

0.55%

Example:  This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.  The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods.  The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

Expenses with Redemption

Expenses without Redemption

 

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

Class A shares

$548

$703

$872

$1,361

$548

$703

$872

$1,361

Class C shares

$253

$474

$818

$1,791

$153

$474

$818

$1,791

Class I shares

$56

$176

$307

$689

$56

$176

$307

$689

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” the portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account.  These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 17 % of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in municipal obligations that are exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s investment objective (the “80% Policy”).  The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  At least 75% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (“junk bonds”). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B or in unrated obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser.  For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by two or more rating agencies, the highest rating is used.  Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 65% of its total assets in obligations issued by its state or its political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities.  If consistent with relevant state tax requirements, the Fund may invest



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

23

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


up to 35% of its net assets in municipal obligations issued by the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.  The Fund is “non-diversified” and may invest, with respect to 50% of its total assets, more than 5% (but not more than 25%) of its total assets in securities of any one issuer (such limitations do not apply to U.S. Government securities).   The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in other debt obligations, including (but not limited to) taxable municipal obligations, U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities.   The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps, and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, to seek total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.  There is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.

In pursuing its investment objective, the Fund normally acquires municipal obligations with maturities of ten years or more.  The Fund’s portfolio often has a longer average maturity than is typical of many other funds that invest primarily in municipal obligations.  As a result, the interest rate risk described below may be more significant for the Fund.  The Fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more economic sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).  The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), in order to seek exposure to the municipal markets or municipal market sectors.

The investment adviser’s process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis.  The portfolio manager also may trade securities to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders.  A portion of the Fund’s distributions generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Principal Risks

Municipal Obligation Risk.  The amount of public information available about municipal obligations is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal obligations may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal obligations also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owner’s ability to sell its municipal obligations at attractive prices.  The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress.  Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements.  The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.

Debt Market Risk.  Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted.  Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand.  At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market.  An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater price volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market.  No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.  Fixed - income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. As a result of the Federal Reserve’s action to end its quantitative easing stimulus program as well as the possibility that it may unwind the program and its recent decision to raise the target fed funds rate , fixed - income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.

Interest Rate Risk.  In general, the value of income securities will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates.  The value of these securities is likely to increase when interest rates fall and decline when interest rates rise.  Generally, securities with longer durations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than shorter duration securities. Because the Fund is managed toward an income objective, it may hold more longer duration obligations and thereby be more exposed to interest rate risk than municipal income funds that are managed with a greater emphasis on total return.  In a rising interest rate environment, the duration of income securities that have the ability to be prepaid or called by the issuer may be extended.  In a declining interest rate environment, the proceeds from prepaid or maturing instruments may have to be reinvested at a lower interest rate.

Maturity Risk.  Interest rate risk will generally affect the price of a fixed income security more if the security has a longer maturity. Fixed income securities with longer maturities will therefore be more volatile than other fixed income securities with shorter maturities. Conversely, fixed income securities with shorter maturities will be less volatile but generally provide lower returns than fixed income securities with longer maturities. The average maturity of the Fund’s investments will affect the volatility of the Fund’s share price.

Credit Risk.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of a municipal obligation to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions.  The value of a municipal obligation also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

24

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


the issuer’s ability to make principal and interest payments.  In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes.  Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments.  If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected.  In the case of an insured municipal obligation , the municipal obligation’s rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the municipal obligation’s issuer or the insurer.

Risk of Lower Rated Investments.  Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (“junk bonds”) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments.  An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs.  Lower rated investments typically are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.

Derivatives Risk.  The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints.  Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Fund’s exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund .   A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events.  Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index .  Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument.  If a derivative’s counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty.  The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment , particularly when there is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.

Risk of Leveraged Transactions.  Certain Fund transactions may give rise to leverage.  Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions.   Generally, leverage involves the use of borrowed funds or various financial instruments (such as the foregoing transactions) to seek to increase a fund’s potential return.   The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Fund’s obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage.  The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.  Leverage may cause the Fund’s share price to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities.  The loss on leveraged investments may substantially exceed the initial investment.

Risk of Residual Interest Bonds.  The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond.  The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase.  The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity.  As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.   All existing residual interest bonds were restructured in order to comply with banking regulations effective in July 2015 and July 2016.    

Sector and Geographic Risk.  Because the Fund will invest a significant portion of its assets in obligations issued in a particular state and/or U.S. territory and may invest a significant portion of its assets in certain sectors or types of obligations, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that state, U.S. territory, sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a fund that invests more broadly. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and its related issuers continue to experience financial difficulties and rating agency downgrades, and multiple issuers have defaulted on their payment obligations . See “Credit Risk” and “Risk of Lower Rated Investments” above. Please refer to the Fund's Statement of Additional Information for state-specific economic information as well as information about Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.

Risks of Principal Only Investments.  Principal only investments are municipal obligations which entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity.  The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently.  The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year.  The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.

ETF Risk.  ETFs are subject to the risks of investing in the underlying securities. ETF shares may trade at a premium or discount to net asset value and are subject to secondary market trading risks. In addition, the Fund will bear a pro rata portion of the operating expenses of an ETF in which it invests.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

25

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is “non-diversified,” which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are “diversified.”  Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.

Tax Risk.  Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or state tax authorities , or the non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Fund’s income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Risks Associated with Active Management.  The success of the Fund’s investment program depends on portfolio management’s successful application of analytical skills and investment judgment.  Active management involves subjective decisions.

General Fund Investing Risks.  The Fund is not a complete investment program and there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.  It is possible to lose money by investing in the Fund.  The Fund is designed to be a long-term investment vehicle and is not suited for short-term trading. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.  

Performance

The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and how the Fund’s average annual returns over time compare with those of two broad-based securities market indices.  The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge.  If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower.  Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results.  Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.[combmunipro012.gif]

For the ten years ended December 31, 2015 , the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 12.85% for the quarter ended September 30, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was - 15.29% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.  The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 ) was 4.09 %.   For the 30 days ended July 31, 2016 , the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a combined state and federal income tax rate of 48.48%) for Class A shares were 1.45 % and 2.81 %, respectively, for Class C shares were 0.78 % and 1.51 %, respectively, and for Class I shares were 1.72 % and 3.34 %, respectively.  A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields.  For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.

Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2015

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Class A Return Before Taxes

-1.46%

4.80%

2.95%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions

-1.47%

4.80%

2.94%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares

0.68%

4.65%

3.19%

Class C Return Before Taxes

1.72%

5.04%

2.69%

Class I Return Before Taxes

3.68%

6.04%

3.61%

Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.30%

5.35%

4.71%

Bloomberg Barclays 20 Year Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.93%

7.08%

5.39%

These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (4.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) for Class C.   Class I performance shown above for the period prior to March 3, 2008 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes.  If adjusted for such differences, returns would be different.  Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.  

After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant for shareholders who hold Fund shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Management

Investment Adviser.  Boston Management and Research (“BMR”).

Portfolio Manager.  The Fund is managed by Adam A. Weigold, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since February 2010.

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business.  You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122.  The minimum initial purchase or exchange into the Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances).  There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

Tax Information

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s objective. However, the Fund may also distribute taxable income to the extent that it invests in taxable municipal obligations.  Distributions of any net realized gains are expected to be taxable.

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase the Fund’s shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, “financial intermediaries”), the Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

27

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Pennsylvania Municipal Income Fund

Investment Objective

The Fund’s investment objective is to provide current income exempt from regular federal income tax and Pennsylvania state and local taxes in the form of an investment exempt from Pennsylvania personal property taxes.

Fees and Expenses of the Fund

This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund.  You may qualify for a reduced sales charge if you invest, or agree to invest over a 13-month period, at least $50,000 in Eaton Vance Funds.  More information about these and other discounts is available from your financial intermediary and in Sales Charges beginning on page 41 of this Prospectus and page 22 of the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.  

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

4.75%

None

None

None

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of the lower of net asset value at purchase or redemption)

None

5.00%

1.00%

None


Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Management Fees

 

0.40%

0.40%

0.40%

0.40%

Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees

 

0.20%

0.95%

0.95%

None

Interest Expense

0.04%

 

 

 

 

Other Expenses other than Interest Expense

0.13 %

 

 

 

 

Other Expenses

 

0.17 %

0.17 %

0.17 %

0.17 %

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

 

0.77%

1.52%

1.52%

0.57%

Example.  This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.  The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods.  The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the operating expenses remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

Expenses with Redemption

Expenses without Redemption

 

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

1 Year

3 Years

5 Years

10 Years

Class A shares

$550

$709

$883

$1,384

$550

$709

$883

$1,384

Class B shares

$655

$880

$1,029

$1,610

$155

$480

$829

$1,610

Class C shares

$255

$480

$829

$1,813

$155

$480

$829

$1,813

Class I shares

$58

$183

$318

$714

$58

$183

$318

$714

Portfolio Turnover

The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” the portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account.  These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 8 % of the average value of its portfolio.

Principal Investment Strategies

Under normal market circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets (plus any borrowings for investment purposes) in municipal obligations that are exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s investment objective (the “80% Policy”).  The Fund may invest without limit in obligations the income from which is subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  At least 75% of net assets normally will be invested in municipal obligations rated at least investment grade at the time of investment (which are those rated Baa or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), or BBB or higher by either Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“S&P”) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”)) or, if unrated, determined by the investment adviser to be of at least investment grade quality. The balance of net assets may be invested in municipal obligations rated below investment grade and in unrated municipal obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser (“junk bonds”). The Fund will not invest more than 10% of its net assets in obligations rated below B or in unrated obligations considered to be of comparable quality by the investment adviser.  For purposes of rating restrictions, if securities are rated differently by two or more rating agencies, the highest rating is used.  Under normal market conditions, the Fund invests at least 65% of its total assets in obligations issued by its state or its political subdivisions, agencies, authorities and instrumentalities.  If consistent with relevant state tax requirements, the Fund may invest



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


up to 35% of its net assets in municipal obligations issued by the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.  The Fund is “non-diversified” and may invest, with respect to 50% of its total assets, more than 5% (but not more than 25%) of its total assets in securities of any one issuer (such limitations do not apply to U.S. Government securities).   The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in other debt obligations, including (but not limited to) taxable municipal obligations, U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of the U.S. Government, its agencies and instrumentalities.   The Fund may purchase or sell derivative instruments (such as residual interest bonds, futures contracts and options thereon, interest rate swaps, and forward rate contracts) for hedging purposes, to seek total return or as a substitute for the purchase or sale of securities.  There is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.

In pursuing its investment objective, the Fund normally acquires municipal obligations with maturities of ten years or more.  The Fund’s portfolio often has a longer average maturity than is typical of many other funds that invest primarily in municipal obligations.  As a result, the interest rate risk described below may be more significant for the Fund.  The Fund may invest 25% or more of its total assets in certain types of municipal obligations (such as general obligations, municipal leases, revenue bonds and industrial development bonds) and in one or more economic sectors (such as housing, hospitals, healthcare facilities or utilities).  The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles, including exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”), in order to seek exposure to the municipal markets or municipal market sectors.

The investment adviser’s process for selecting obligations for purchase and sale emphasizes the creditworthiness of the issuer or other person obligated to repay the obligation and the relative value of the obligation in the market. In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis.  The portfolio manager also may trade securities to minimize taxable capital gains to shareholders.  A portion of the Fund’s distributions generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.  The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Principal Risks

Municipal Obligation Risk.  The amount of public information available about municipal obligations is generally less than for corporate equities or bonds, meaning that the investment performance of municipal obligations may be more dependent on the analytical abilities of the investment adviser than stock or corporate bond investments. The secondary market for municipal obligations also tends to be less well-developed and less liquid than many other securities markets, which may limit an owner’s ability to sell its municipal obligations at attractive prices.  The spread between the price at which an obligation can be purchased and the price at which it can be sold may widen during periods of market distress.  Less liquid obligations can become more difficult to value and be subject to erratic price movements.  The increased presence of non-traditional participants or the absence of traditional participants in the municipal markets may lead to greater volatility in the markets.

Debt Market Risk.  Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for investments held by the Fund, which may reduce their market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted.  Certain securities and other investments held by the Fund can experience downturns in trading activity and, at such times, the supply of such instruments in the market may exceed the demand.  At other times, the demand for such instruments may exceed the supply in the market.  An imbalance in supply and demand in the market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater price volatility, less liquidity, wider trading spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market.  No active trading market may exist for certain investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such assets. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded investments.  Fixed - income markets have recently experienced a period of relatively high volatility. As a result of the Federal Reserve’s action to end its quantitative easing stimulus program as well as the possibility that it may unwind the program and its recent decision to raise the target fed funds rate , fixed - income markets could experience continuing high volatility, which could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.

Interest Rate Risk.  In general, the value of income securities will fluctuate based on changes in interest rates.  The value of these securities is likely to increase when interest rates fall and decline when interest rates rise.  Generally, securities with longer durations are more sensitive to changes in interest rates than shorter duration securities. Because the Fund is managed toward an income objective, it may hold more longer duration obligations and thereby be more exposed to interest rate risk than municipal income funds that are managed with a greater emphasis on total return.  In a rising interest rate environment, the duration of income securities that have the ability to be prepaid or called by the issuer may be extended.  In a declining interest rate environment, the proceeds from prepaid or maturing instruments may have to be reinvested at a lower interest rate.

Maturity Risk.  Interest rate risk will generally affect the price of a fixed income security more if the security has a longer maturity. Fixed income securities with longer maturities will therefore be more volatile than other fixed income securities with shorter maturities. Conversely, fixed income securities with shorter maturities will be less volatile but generally provide lower returns than fixed income securities with longer maturities. The average maturity of the Fund’s investments will affect the volatility of the Fund’s share price.

Credit Risk.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances may reduce the capacity of issuers of a municipal obligation to make principal and interest payments and may lead to defaults. Such defaults may reduce the value of Fund shares and income distributions.  The value of a municipal obligation also may decline because of real or perceived concerns about



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


the issuer’s ability to make principal and interest payments.  In addition, the credit rating of securities held by the Fund may be lowered if an issuer’s financial condition changes.  Municipal obligations may be insured as to principal and interest payments.  If the claims-paying ability or other rating of the insurer is downgraded by a rating agency, the value of such obligations may be negatively affected.  In the case of an insured municipal obligation , the municipal obligation’s rating will be deemed to be the higher of the rating assigned to the municipal obligation’s issuer or the insurer.

Risk of Lower Rated Investments.  Investments rated below investment grade and comparable unrated securities (“junk bonds”) have speculative characteristics because of the credit risk associated with their issuers.  Changes in economic conditions or other circumstances typically have a greater effect on the ability of issuers of lower rated investments to make principal and interest payments than they do on issuers of higher rated investments.  An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a lower rated investment may lose significant value before a default occurs.  Lower rated investments typically are subject to greater price volatility and illiquidity than higher rated investments.

Derivatives Risk.  The use of derivatives can lead to losses because of adverse movements in the price or value of the asset, index, rate or instrument underlying a derivative, due to failure of a counterparty or due to tax or regulatory constraints.  Derivatives may create economic leverage in the Fund, which magnifies the Fund’s exposure to the underlying investment. Derivatives risk may be more significant when derivatives are used to enhance return or as a substitute for a cash investment position, rather than solely to hedge the risk of a position held by the Fund .   A decision as to whether, when and how to use derivatives involves the exercise of specialized skill and judgment, and a transaction may be unsuccessful in whole or in part because of market behavior or unexpected events.  Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index .  Derivative instruments traded in over-the-counter markets may be difficult to value, may be illiquid, and may be subject to wide swings in valuation caused by changes in the value of the underlying instrument.  If a derivative’s counterparty is unable to honor its commitments, the value of Fund shares may decline and the Fund could experience delays in the return of collateral or other assets held by the counterparty.  The loss on derivative transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment , particularly when there is no stated limit on the Fund’s use of derivatives.

Risk of Leveraged Transactions.  Certain Fund transactions may give rise to leverage.  Such transactions may include, among others, the use of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, residual interest bonds, short sales and certain derivative transactions.   Generally, leverage involves the use of borrowed funds or various financial instruments (such as the foregoing transactions) to seek to increase a fund’s potential return.   The Fund is required to segregate liquid assets or otherwise cover the Fund’s obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage.  The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.  Leverage may cause the Fund’s share price to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities.  The loss on leveraged investments may substantially exceed the initial investment.

Risk of Residual Interest Bonds.  The Fund may enter into residual interest bond transactions, which expose the Fund to leverage and greater risk than an investment in a fixed-rate municipal bond.  The interest payments that the Fund receives on the residual interest bonds acquired in such transactions vary inversely with short-term interest rates, normally decreasing when short-term rates increase.  The value and market for residual interest bonds are volatile and such bonds may have limited liquidity.  As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense.   All existing residual interest bonds were restructured in order to comply with banking regulations effective in July 2015 and July 2016.    

Sector and Geographic Risk.  Because the Fund will invest a significant portion of its assets in obligations issued in a particular state and/or U.S. territory and may invest a significant portion of its assets in certain sectors or types of obligations, the value of Fund shares may be affected by events that adversely affect that state, U.S. territory, sector or type of obligation and may fluctuate more than that of a fund that invests more broadly. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues. The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and its related issuers continue to experience financial difficulties and rating agency downgrades, and multiple issuers have defaulted on their payment obligations . See “Credit Risk” and “Risk of Lower Rated Investments” above. Please refer to the Fund's Statement of Additional Information for state-specific economic information as well as information about Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.

Risks of Principal Only Investments.  Principal only investments are municipal obligations which entitle the holder to receive par value of such investment if held to maturity.  The values of principal only investments are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds which pay interest currently.  The Fund will accrue income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year.  The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for such income distributions.

ETF Risk.  ETFs are subject to the risks of investing in the underlying securities. ETF shares may trade at a premium or discount to net asset value and are subject to secondary market trading risks. In addition, the Fund will bear a pro rata portion of the operating expenses of an ETF in which it invests.



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Issuer Diversification Risk. The Fund is “non-diversified,” which means it may invest a greater percentage of its assets in the securities of a single issuer than funds that are “diversified.”  Non-diversified funds face the risk of focusing investments in a small number of issuers, making them more susceptible to risks affecting such issuers than a more diversified fund might be.

Tax Risk.  Income from tax-exempt municipal obligations could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service or state tax authorities , or the non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer. A portion of the Fund’s income may be taxable to shareholders subject to the federal alternative minimum tax.

Risks Associated with Active Management.  The success of the Fund’s investment program depends on portfolio management’s successful application of analytical skills and investment judgment.  Active management involves subjective decisions.

General Fund Investing Risks.  The Fund is not a complete investment program and there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.  It is possible to lose money by investing in the Fund.  The Fund is designed to be a long-term investment vehicle and is not suited for short-term trading. Investors in the Fund should have a long-term investment perspective and be able to tolerate potentially sharp declines in value. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit in a bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency, entity or person.  

Performance

The following bar chart and table provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance from year to year and how the Fund’s average annual returns over time compare with those of two broad-based securities market indices.  The returns in the bar chart are for Class A shares and do not reflect a sales charge.  If the sales charge was reflected, the returns would be lower.  Past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results.  Updated Fund performance information can be obtained by visiting www.eatonvance.com.[combmunipro014.gif]

For the ten years ended December 31, 2015 , the highest quarterly total return for Class A was 12.61% for the quarter ended March 31, 2009, and the lowest quarterly return was - 12.61% for the quarter ended December 31, 2008.  The year-to-date total return through the end of the most recent calendar quarter (December 31, 2015 to September 30, 2016 ) was 3.24 %.   For the 30 days ended July 31, 2016 , the SEC yield and SEC tax-equivalent yield (assuming a combined state and federal income tax rate of 45.14%) for Class A shares were 0.97 % and 1.77 %, respectively, for Class B shares were 0.28 % and 0.51 %, respectively, for Class C shares were 0.28 % and 0.51 %, respectively, and for Class I shares were 1.22 % and 2.22 %, respectively.  A lower tax rate would result in lower tax-equivalent yields.  For current yield information call 1-800-262-1122.

Average Annual Total Return as of December 31, 2015

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Class A Return Before Taxes

-1.40%

4.25%

2.99%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions

-1.40%

4.24%

2.99%

Class A Return After Taxes on Distributions and the Sale of Class A Shares

0.84%

4.24%

3.24%

Class B Return Before Taxes

-2.32%

4.14%

2.72%

Class C Return Before Taxes

1.77%

4.48%

2.71%

Class I Return Before Taxes

3.61%

5.45%

3.68%

Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.30%

5.35%

4.71%

Bloomberg Barclays 20 Year Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)

3.93%

7.08%

5.39%

These returns reflect the maximum sales charge for Class A (4.75%) and any applicable contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) for Class B and Class C.  The Class C performance shown above for the period prior to January 12, 2006 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class B shares without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes and the Class I performance shown above for the period prior to March 3, 2008 (commencement of operations) is the performance of Class A shares at net asset value without adjustment for any differences in the expenses of the two classes.  If adjusted for such differences, returns would be different.  Investors cannot invest directly in an Index.  

After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rate and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant for shareholders who hold Fund shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  After-tax returns for other Classes of shares will vary from the after-tax returns presented for Class A shares.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares.



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Management

Investment Adviser.  Boston Management and Research (“BMR”).

Portfolio Manager.  The Fund is managed by Adam A. Weigold, Vice President of BMR, who has managed the Fund since October 2007.   

Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares on any business day, which is any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for business.  Class B shares are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions. You may purchase, redeem or exchange Fund shares either through your financial intermediary or directly from the Fund either by writing to the Fund, P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, or by calling 1-800-262-1122.  The minimum initial purchase or exchange into the Fund is $1,000 for each Class (with the exception of Class I) and $250,000 for Class I (waived in certain circumstances).  There is no minimum for subsequent investments.

Tax Information

The Fund’s distributions are expected to be exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes specified in the Fund’s objective. However, the Fund may also distribute taxable income to the extent that it invests in taxable municipal obligations.  Distributions of any net realized gains are expected to be taxable.

Payments to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase the Fund’s shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank) (collectively, “financial intermediaries”), the Fund, its principal underwriter and its affiliates may pay the financial intermediary for the sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.



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Investment Objectives & Principal Policies and Risks

A statement of the investment objective and principal investment policies and risks of each Fund is set forth above in its Fund Summary .  Set forth below is additional information about such policies and risks as well as other types of investments and practices that the Fund , unless otherwise noted, may engage in from time to time , to the extent that such investments and practices are permitted as described in this prospectus and/or the Statement of Additional Information. References to the “Fund” below are to each Fund, as applicable .

Municipal Obligations.  Municipal obligations include bonds, notes, floating-rate notes and commercial paper issued by a municipality, a group of municipalities or participants in qualified issues of municipal debt for a wide variety of both public and private purposes. General obligation bonds issued by municipalities can be adversely affected by economic downturns and the resulting decline in tax revenues, pension funding risk, other post-employment benefit risk, budget imbalances, taxing ability risk, lack of political willpower and federal funding risk, among others.  Revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise tax or other specific revenue source such as payments from the user of the facility being financed and can be adversely affected by the negative economic viability of the facility or revenue source.  Municipal obligations also include municipal leases and participations in municipal leases. An issuer’s obligation under such leases is often subject to the appropriation by a legislative body, on an annual or other basis, of funds for the payment of the obligations.

Certain municipal obligations may be purchased on a “when-issued” basis, which means that payment and delivery occur on a future settlement date. The price and yield of such securities are generally fixed on the date of commitment to purchase. The values of zero coupon bonds and principal only strips are subject to greater fluctuation in response to changes in market interest rates than bonds that pay interest currently.  The Fund accrues income on these investments and is required to distribute that income each year.  The Fund may be required to sell securities to obtain cash needed for income distributions.

The interest on municipal obligations is (in the opinion of the issuer’s counsel) exempt from regular federal income tax and the state taxes each Fund seeks to avoid. Interest income from certain types of municipal obligations generally will be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax (the “AMT”) for individuals. Distributions to corporate investors also may be subject to the AMT. The Fund may not be suitable for investors subject to the AMT.

Credit Quality.  Rating agencies are private services that provide ratings of the credit quality of certain fixed income securities.  In evaluating creditworthiness, the investment adviser considers ratings assigned by rating agencies and generally performs additional credit and investment analysis.  Credit ratings issued by rating agencies are based on a number of factors including, but not limited to, the issuer’s financial condition and the rating agency’s credit analysis, if applicable, at the time of rating.  The ratings assigned are not absolute standards of credit quality and do not evaluate market risks or necessarily reflect the issuer’s current financial condition. An issuer’s current financial condition may be better or worse than the current rating indicates. A credit rating may have a modifier (such as plus, minus or a numerical modifier) to denote its relative status within the rating. The presence of a modifier does not change the security credit rating (for example, BBB- and Baa3 are within the investment grade rating) for purposes of the Fund’s investment limitations. If a security is rated differently by two or more rating agencies, the highest rating will be used for any Fund rating restrictions.

Duration.  Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates.  Securities with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations.  A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration.  Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a security’s coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures.  Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration.  As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration.

Derivatives.  The Fund may enter into derivatives transactions with respect to any security or other instrument in which it is permitted to invest or any related security, instrument, index or economic indicator (“reference instruments”).  Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from an underlying reference instrument. Derivatives transactions can involve substantial risk.  Derivatives typically allow the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments.  The Fund incurs costs in connection with opening and closing derivatives positions.  The Fund may engage in the derivative transactions set forth below, as well as in other derivative transactions with substantially similar characteristics and risks.

Certain derivative transactions may give rise to a form of leverage.  The Fund is required to segregate or “earmark” liquid assets or otherwise cover the Fund’s obligation created by a transaction that may give rise to leverage.  The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.  Leverage may cause the Fund’s share price to be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged, as certain types of leverage may exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities.  The loss on leverage transactions may substantially exceed the initial investment.



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The regulation of the U.S. and non-U.S. derivatives markets has undergone substantial change in recent years.  In particular, the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations require many derivatives to be cleared and traded on an exchange, expand entity registration requirements, impose business conduct requirements on counterparties, and impose other regulatory requirements that will continue to change derivative markets as regulations are implemented.  Additional regulation of the derivatives markets may make the use of derivatives more costly, may limit the availability or reduce the liquidity of derivatives, and may impose limits or restrictions on the counterparties with which the Fund engages in derivative transactions. The effects of future regulation cannot be predicted and may impair the effectiveness of the Fund’s derivative transactions and its ability to achieve its investment objective(s).

Residual Interest Bonds.  Residual interest bonds are issued by a trust (the “trust”) that holds municipal securities and the value of the residual interest bonds is derived from the value of such securities. The trust also issues floating rate notes to third parties that may be senior to the residual interest bonds. Residual interest bonds make interest payments to holders that bear an inverse relationship to the interest rate paid on the floating rate notes. As required by applicable accounting standards, the Fund records interest expense on its liability with respect to floating-rate notes and also records offsetting interest income in an amount equal to this expense. While residual interest bonds create leverage risk, they do not constitute borrowings for purposes of the Fund’s restrictions on borrowings.

Futures Contracts.  The Fund may engage in transactions in futures contracts and options on futures contracts. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts .  Futures contracts on securities obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of the financial instrument called for in the contract at a specified future date at a specified price.  An index futures contract obligates the purchaser to take, and a seller to deliver, an amount of cash equal to a specific dollar amount times the difference between the value of a specific index at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the agreement is made.  No physical delivery of the underlying securities in the index is made.  It is the practice of holders of futures contracts to close out their positions on or before the expiration date by use of offsetting contract positions, and physical delivery of financial instruments or delivery of cash, as applicable, is thereby avoided.  The Fund also is authorized to purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts.  The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are imperfect correlation, liquidity, unanticipated market movement and counterparty risk.

Interest Rate Swaps.  Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments.  Interest rate swaps involve counterparty risk and the risk of imperfect correlation.

Credit Default Swaps.  Credit default swap agreements (“CDS”) enable the Fund to buy or sell credit protection on an individual issuer or basket of issuers (i.e., the reference instrument).  The Fund may enter into CDS to gain or short exposure to a reference instrument. Long CDS positions are utilized to gain exposure to a reference instrument (similar to buying the instrument) and are akin to selling insurance on the instrument. Short CDS positions are utilized to short exposure to a reference instrument (similar to shorting the instrument) and are akin to buying insurance on the instrument. In response to market events, federal and certain state regulators have proposed regulation of the CDS market. These regulations may limit the Fund’s ability to use CDS and/or the benefits of CDS. CDS involve risks, including the risk that the counterparty may be unable to fulfill the transaction or that the Fund may be required to purchase securities or other instruments to meet delivery obligations.  The Fund may have difficulty, be unable or may incur additional costs to acquire such securities or instruments.

Total Return Swaps.  In a total return swap, the buyer receives a periodic return equal to the total return of a specified security, securities or index, for a specified period of time. In return, the buyer pays the counterparty a variable stream of payments, typically based upon short term interest rates, possibly plus or minus an agreed upon spread.  These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.

Credit Linked Notes, Credit Options and Similar Investments.  Credit linked notes are obligations between two or more parties where the payment of principal and/or interest is based on the performance of some obligation, basket of obligations, index or economic indicator (a “reference instrument”). In addition to the credit risk associated with the reference instrument and interest rate risk, the buyer and seller of a credit linked note or similar structured investment are subject to counterparty risk. Credit options are options whereby the purchaser has the right, but not the obligation, to enter into a transaction involving either an asset with inherent credit risk or a credit derivative, at terms specified at the initiation of the option. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.

Forward Rate Agreements.  Under forward rate agreements, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates.  These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk.

Maturity.  Many obligations permit the issuer at its option to “call,” or redeem, its securities. As such, the effective maturity of an obligation may be reduced as the result of call provisions. The effective maturity of an obligation is its likely redemption date after consideration of any call or redemption features.

U.S. Treasury and Government Agency Securities.U.S. Treasury securities (Treasury Securities) include U.S. Treasury obligations that differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance.  U.S. Government Agency Securities (Agency Securities) include obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities and government-



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sponsored enterprises.  Agency Securities may be guaranteed by the U.S. Government or they may be backed by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury, the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the obligations, or the credit of the agency or instrumentality.  While U.S. Government agencies may be chartered or sponsored by Acts of Congress, their securities are not issued and may not be guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury.  To the extent that the Fund invests in securities of government-sponsored enterprises, the Fund will be subject to the risks unique to such entities.  Government-sponsored enterprises, such as the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), the Federal Home Loan Banks (“FHLBs”), the Private Export Funding Corporation (“PEFCO”), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), the Federal Farm Credit Banks (“FFCB”) and the Tennessee Valley Authority (“TVA”), although chartered or sponsored by Congress, are not funded by congressional appropriations and the debt and mortgage-backed securities issued by them are neither guaranteed nor issued by the U.S. Government.  The U.S. Government has provided financial support to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in the past, but there can be no assurance that it will support these or other government-sponsored enterprises in the future.  Treasury Securities and Agency Securities also include any security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by Treasury Securities or Agency Securities, respectively.  As a result of their high credit quality and market liquidity, U.S. Government securities generally provide a lower current return than obligations of other issuers.

Build America Bonds.  Build America Bonds are taxable municipal obligations issued pursuant to the American Recovery and Reimbursement Act of 2009 (the “Act”) or other legislation providing for the issuance of taxable municipal debt on which the issuer receives federal support.  The Act authorized state and local governments to issue taxable bonds on which, assuming certain specified conditions were satisfied, issuers could either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to its interest payments on the bonds (“direct pay” Build America Bonds) or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (“tax credit” Build America Bonds).  Unlike most other municipal obligations, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state income tax.  Under the terms of the Act, issuers of direct pay Build America Bonds are entitled to receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury currently equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the interest paid.  Holders of tax credit Build America Bonds can receive a federal tax credit currently equal to 35% of the coupon interest received.  The Fund may invest in “principal only” strips of tax credit Build America Bonds, which entitle the holder to receive par value of such bonds if held to maturity.  The Fund does not expect to receive (or, if received, pass through to shareholders) tax credits as a result of its investments.  The federal interest subsidy or tax credit continues for the life of the bonds.  

Build America Bonds are an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has been through issuance of tax-free municipal bonds.  Build America Bonds can appeal to a broader array of investors than the high income U.S. taxpayers that have traditionally provided the market for municipal bonds.  Build America Bonds may provide a lower net cost of funds to issuers.  Pursuant to the Act, the issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010.  As a result, the availability of such bonds is limited and the market for the bonds and/or their liquidity may be affected.

Borrowing.  The Fund is permitted to borrow for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in anticipation of expected cash inflows and to settle transactions).  Any borrowings by the Fund are subject to the requirements of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”).  Borrowings are also subject to the terms of any credit agreement between the Fund and lender(s).  The Fund will be required to maintain a specified level of asset coverage with respect to all borrowings and may be required to sell some of its holdings to reduce debt and restore coverage at times when it may not be advantageous to do so.  The rights of the lender to receive payments of interest and repayments of principal of any borrowings made by the Fund under a credit facility are senior to the rights of holders of shares with respect to the payment of dividends or upon liquidation. In the event of a default under a credit arrangement, the lenders may have the right to cause a liquidation of the collateral (i.e., sell Fund assets) and, if any such default is not cured, the lenders may be able to control the liquidation as well. Fund borrowings may be equal to as much as 331/3% of the value of the Fund’s total assets (including such borrowings) less the Fund’s liabilities (other than borrowings).  The Fund will not purchase additional investment securities while outstanding borrowings exceed 5% of the value of its total assets.

Cash and Cash Equivalents.  The Fund may invest in cash or cash equivalents, including high quality short-term instruments or an affiliated investment company that invests in such instruments.

Pooled Investment Vehicles.  The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles.  Pooled investment vehicles are open- and closed-end investment companies unaffiliated with the investment adviser , open-end investment companies affiliated with the investment adviser and exchange-traded funds (“ETFs ”). The market for common shares of closed-end investment companies and ETFs, which are generally traded on an exchange, is affected by the demand for those securities, regardless of the value of the fund’s underlying portfolio assets.  The Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees and expenses paid by unaffiliated and certain affiliated pooled investment vehicles in which it invests, except that management fees of affiliated funds may be waived.  If such fees exceed 0.01%, the costs associated with such investments will be reflected in Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses in the Annual Fund Operating Expenses table(s) in Fund Summaries.  Requirements of the 1940 Act , may limit the Fund’s ability to invest in other investment companies including ETFs, unless the investment company has received an exemptive order from the SEC on which the Fund may rely . Investments in a pooled investment vehicle



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will count towards a Fund's 80% Policy if the vehicle invests at least 80% of its net assets in the type of securities included in the Fund's 80% Policy.

Issuer Diversification.  The following applies to all Funds except Municipal Opportunities Fund.  A “non-diversified” fund can invest more of its assets in a smaller number of issuers than diversified funds. Concentrating investments could result in greater potential losses than for funds investing in a broader variety of issuers.  However, the Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. This requires the Fund to limit its investments so that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, at least 50% of the Fund’s total assets are invested in (i) cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies, and (ii) single issuers that are less than 5% of the total assets of the Fund and not more than 10% of the outstanding voting shares of the issuer.  In addition, at the end of each fiscal quarter, no single issuer (excluding cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies) can exceed 25% of the Fund’s total assets.

Illiquid Securities.  The Fund may not invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities, which may be difficult to value properly and may involve greater risks than liquid securities.  Illiquid securities include those legally restricted as to resale (such as those issued in private placements), and may include securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder.  Certain Rule 144A securities may be treated as liquid securities if the investment adviser determines that such treatment is warranted.  Even if determined to be liquid, holdings of these securities may increase the level of Fund illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing them.

Portfolio Turnover.  The annual portfolio turnover rate of the Fund may exceed 100%.  A mutual fund with a high turnover rate (100% or more) may generate more capital gains and pay more commissions (which may reduce return) than a fund with a lower rate.  Capital gains distributions (which reduce the after-tax returns of shareholders holding Fund shares in taxable accounts) will be made to shareholders if offsetting capital loss carry forwards do not exist.

General. The Fund's 80% Policy only may be changed with shareholder approval. Unless otherwise stated, a Fund's investment objective and certain other policies may be changed without shareholder approval. Shareholders will receive 60 days' advance written notice of any material change in the investment objective. During unusual market conditions, the Fund may invest up to 100% of its assets in cash or cash equivalents temporarily, which may be inconsistent with its investment objective(s ), principal investment strategies and other policies. The Fund might not use all of the strategies and techniques or invest in all of the types of securities described in this Prospectus or the Statement of Additional Information. While at times the Fund may use alternative investment strategies in an effort to limit its losses, it may choose not to do so.

The Fund’s annual operating expenses are expressed as a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets and may change as Fund assets increase and decrease over time.  Purchase and redemption activities by Fund shareholders may impact the management of the Fund and its ability to achieve its investment objective.  In addition, the redemption by one or more large shareholders or groups of shareholders of their holdings in the Fund could have an adverse impact on the remaining shareholders in the Fund.  Mutual funds, investment advisers, other market participants and many securities markets are subject to rules and regulations and the jurisdiction of one or more regulators.  Changes to applicable rules and regulations could have an adverse effect on securities markets and market participants, as well as on the Fund’s ability to execute its investment strategy.  With the increased use of technologies by Fund service providers, such as the Internet, to conduct business, the Fund is susceptible to operational, information security and related risks.

Each Fund's investment policies include a provision allowing the Fund to invest (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective, policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such companies have investment objectives, policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund.  Any such company or companies would be advised by the Fund’s investment adviser (or an affiliate) and the Fund would not pay directly any advisory fee with respect to the assets so invested. Each Fund may initiate investments in one or more such investment companies at any time without shareholder approval.

Management and Organization

Management.  The investment adviser of the Municipal Opportunities Fund is Eaton Vance Management (“Eaton Vance”) and the investment adviser of the other Funds is Boston Management and Research (“BMR”), an indirect subsidiary of Eaton Vance Corp. (“EVC”). Eaton Vance is a wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC.  Eaton Vance and BMR’s have offices at Two International Place Boston, MA 02110.  Eaton Vance has been managing assets since 1924 and managing mutual funds since 1931.  Eaton Vance and its affiliates currently manage over $ 340 billion on behalf of mutual funds, institutional clients and individuals.



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Eaton Vance manages the investments of the Municipal Opportunities Fund and provides administrative services and related office facilities.  Under its investment advisory and administrative agreement with the Fund, Eaton Vance receives a monthly fee as follows:

Average Daily Net Assets

Annual Fee Rate

up to $500 million

0.600%

$500 million but less than $1 billion

0.575%

$1 billion but less than $2.5 billion

0.550%

$2.5 billion but less than $5 billion

0.530%

$5 billion and over

0.515%


BMR manages the investments of each Fund except the Municipal Opportunities Fund.  Under its investment advisory agreement with each Fund, BMR receives a monthly advisory fee equal to the aggregate of a daily asset based fee and a daily income based fee.  The fees are applied on the basis of the following categories.

Category

Daily Net Assets

Annual
Asset Rate

Daily
Income Rate

1

up to $20 million

0.100%

1.00%

2

$20 million but less than $40 million

0.200%

2.00%

3

$40 million but less than $500 million

0.300%

3.00%

4

$500 million but less than $1 billion

0.275%

2.75%

5

$1 billion but less than $1.5 billion

0.250%

2.50%

6

$1.5 billion but less than $2 billion

0.225%

2.25%

7

$2 billion but less than $3 billion

0.200%

2.00%

8

$3 billion and over

0.175%

1.75%


For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the effective annual rate of investment advisory fees paid to BMR and Eaton Vance (in the case of the Municipal Opportunities Fund) based on average daily net assets are stated below.

 Fund

Net Assets on
July 31, 2016

Advisory Fee

Arizona

$67,215,661

0.29%

Connecticut

$89,436,245

0.33%

Minnesota

$146,768,141

0.35%

Municipal Opportunities

$703,126,486

0.60%

New Jersey

$170,579,259

0.38%

Pennsylvania

$240,778,092

0.40%

Each Fund’s annual report covering the fiscal year ended July 31 provides information regarding the basis for the Trustees’ approval of each Fund’s investment advisory agreement or investment advisory and administrative agreement as applicable.

Craig R. Brandon is the portfolio manager of the Arizona Fund (since September 13, 2004) and the Minnesota Fund (since September 13, 2004). Cynthia J. Clemson is the portfolio manager of the Connecticut Fund (since March 3, 2014). Adam A. Weigold is the portfolio manager of the Municipal Opportunities Fund (since inception on May 31, 2011), the New Jersey Fund (since February 22, 2010) and the Pennsylvania Fund (since October 1, 2007). Each portfolio manager is a Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR, manages other Eaton Vance portfolios, and has been a member of the Eaton Vance municipals team for more than five years.

The Statement of Additional Information provides additional information about each portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts managed by each portfolio manager, and each portfolio manager’s ownership of Fund shares with respect to which that portfolio manager has management responsibilities.

Eaton Vance serves as the administrator of each Fund, providing each Fund with administrative services and related office facilities.  Eaton Vance does not currently receive a fee for serving as administrator.



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Eaton Vance provides sub-transfer agency and related services to Eaton Vance mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement.  For its services under the agreement, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate fee from such funds equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or its actual expenses incurred in performing such services.

Organization.Each Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust, a Massachusetts business trust.Each Fund offers multiple classes of shares.  Each Class represents a pro rata interest in a Fund but is subject to different expenses and rights.  The Funds do not hold annual shareholder meetings but may hold special meetings for matters that require shareholder approval (such as electing or removing trustees, approving management or advisory contracts or changing investment policies that may only be changed with shareholder approval).

Because the Funds use this combined Prospectus, a Fund could be held liable for a misstatement or omission made about another Fund.

Valuing Shares

Each Fund values its shares once each day only when the New York Stock Exchange (the “Exchange”) is open for trading (typically Monday through Friday), as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time).  The purchase price of Fund shares is their net asset value (plus any applicable sales charge), which is derived from the value of Fund holdings. When purchasing or redeeming Fund shares through a financial intermediary, your financial intermediary must receive your order by the close of regular trading on the Exchange in order for the purchase price or the redemption price to be based on that day’s net asset value per share. It is the financial intermediary’s responsibility to transmit orders promptly. Each Fund may accept purchase and redemption orders as of the time of their receipt by certain financial intermediaries (or their designated intermediaries).

The Trustees have adopted procedures for valuing investments and have delegated to the investment adviser (s) the daily valuation of such investments.  Pursuant to the procedures, municipal obligations and residual interest bonds are normally valued on the basis of valuations furnished by a pricing service, which may use matrix pricing and valuation models to derive values.  The pricing service considers various factors relating to bonds and market transactions to determine value.  It is possible that the value realized on the sale of a security may be different from the value previously determined for a particular security. Futures contracts are valued at the closing settlement price established by the board of trade or exchange on which they are traded.  In certain situations, the investment adviser (s) may use the fair value of a security if market prices are unavailable or deemed unreliable.  A security that is fair valued may be valued at a price higher or lower than actual market quotations or the value determined by other funds using their own fair valuation procedures.   Eaton Vance has established a Valuation Committee that oversees the valuation of investments.

Purchasing Shares

You may purchase shares through your financial intermediary or by mailing an account application form to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).  Purchase orders will be executed at the net asset value (plus any applicable sales charge) next determined after their receipt in proper form (meaning that they are complete and contain all necessary information) by a Fund’s transfer agent.  A Fund’s transfer agent or your financial intermediary must receive your purchase in proper form no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time) for your purchase to be effected at that day’s net asset value.  If you purchase shares through a financial intermediary, that intermediary may charge you a fee for executing the purchase for you.

Each Fund may suspend the sale of its shares at any time and any purchase order may be refused for any reason.  The funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization (the “Eaton Vance funds”) generally do not accept investments from residents of the European Union or Switzerland.  The funds also do not accept investments from other non-U.S. residents, provided that a fund may accept investments from certain non-U.S. investors at the discretion of the principal underwriter.  The Funds do not issue share certificates.

As used throughout this Prospectus, the term “employer sponsored retirement plan” includes the following: an employer sponsored pension or profit sharing plan that qualifies under section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code (such as a 401(k) plan, money purchase pension, profit sharing and defined benefit plan); ERISA covered 403(b) plan; Taft–Hartley multi-employer plan; and non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements that operate in a similar manner to a qualified retirement plan (including 457 plans and executive deferred compensation arrangements). Individual Retirement Accounts are not employer sponsored retirement plans for purposes of this definition.

Class A, Class B and Class C Shares

Your initial investment must be at least $1,000. Class B shares are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions.  After your initial investment, additional investments may be made in any amount at any time by sending a check payable to the order of the Fund or the transfer agent directly to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).  Please include your name and account number and the name of the Fund and Class of shares with each investment.  You also may make additional investments by accessing your account via the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com.  Purchases made through the Internet from a pre-designated bank account will have a trade date that is the first business day after the purchase is requested (provided the request is submitted no later than the close of regular trading



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on the Exchange).  For more information about purchasing shares through the Internet, please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time).  

You may purchase additional shares by automatically investing a designated amount from your bank account on a periodic basis provided such investments equal a minimum of $200 per year.  You must elect this privilege on your account application or by providing written instructions.  Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information.  The minimum initial investment amount and Fund policy of redeeming accounts with low account balances are waived for bank automated investing accounts, certain group purchase plans (including proprietary fee-based programs sponsored by financial intermediaries) and for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information).

Class I Shares

Class I shares are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform.  Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and employer sponsored retirement plans.  Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance .  Your initial investment must be at least $250,000.  Subsequent investments of any amount may be made at any time, including through automatic investment each month or quarter from your bank account.  You may make automatic investments of $50 or more each month or each quarter from your bank account.  You can establish bank automated investing on the account application or by providing written instructions.  Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time) for further information.   

The minimum initial investment is waived for persons affiliated with Eaton Vance, its affiliates and certain Fund service providers (as described in the Statement of Additional Information). The minimum initial investment also is waived for: (i) permitted exchanges; (ii) employer sponsored retirement plans; (iii) corporations, endowments and foundations with assets of at least $100 million; and (iv) accounts of clients of financial intermediaries who (a) charge an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services , or (b) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform (in each case, as described above), provided the total value of such accounts invested in Class I shares of Eaton Vance funds is at least $250,000 (or is anticipated by the principal underwriter to reach $250,000).

Class I shares may be purchased through a financial intermediary or by requesting your bank to transmit immediately available funds (Federal Funds) by wire.  To make an initial investment by wire, you must complete an account application and telephone Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 to be assigned an account number.  You may request an account application by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time).  Shareholder Services must be advised by telephone of each additional investment by wire.

Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing.  The Funds are not intended for excessive trading or market timing.  Market timers seek to profit by rapidly switching money into a fund when they expect the share price of the fund to rise and taking money out of the fund when they expect those prices to fall.  By realizing profits through short-term trading, shareholders that engage in rapid purchases and sales (including exchanges, if permitted) of a fund’s shares may dilute the value of shares held by long-term shareholders. Volatility resulting from excessive purchases and sales of fund shares, especially involving large dollar amounts, may disrupt efficient portfolio management.  In particular, excessive purchases and sales of a fund’s shares may cause a fund to have difficulty implementing its investment strategies, may force the fund to sell portfolio securities at inopportune times to raise cash or may cause increased expenses (such as increased brokerage costs, realization of taxable capital gains without attaining any investment advantage or increased administrative costs).

A fund that invests in securities that are, among other things, thinly traded, traded infrequently or relatively illiquid (including certain municipal obligations) is susceptible to the risk that the current market price for such securities may not accurately reflect current market values.  A shareholder may seek to engage in short-term trading to take advantage of these pricing differences (commonly referred to as “price arbitrage”).  The investment adviser is authorized to use the fair value of a security if prices are unavailable or are deemed unreliable (see “Valuing Shares”).  The use of fair value pricing and the restrictions on excessive trading and market timing described below are intended to reduce a shareholder’s ability to engage in price arbitrage to the detriment of the Funds.

The Boards of the Eaton Vance funds have adopted policies to discourage short-term trading and market timing and to seek to minimize their potentially detrimental effects. Pursuant to these policies, an Eaton Vance fund shareholder who, through one or more accounts, completes two round-trips within 90 days generally will be deemed to be market timing or trading excessively in fund shares.  “Two round-trips within 90 days” means either (1) a purchase of fund shares followed by a redemption of fund shares followed by a purchase followed by a redemption or (2) a redemption of fund shares followed by a purchase of fund shares followed by a redemption followed by a purchase, in either case with the final transaction in the sequence occurring within 90 days of the initial transaction in the sequence.  Purchases and redemptions subject to the limitation include those made by exchanging to or from another fund. Under the policies, each Fund or its sub-transfer agent or principal underwriter will reject or cancel a purchase order, suspend or terminate an exchange privilege or terminate the ability of an investor to invest in the Eaton Vance funds if the Fund or the principal underwriter determines that a proposed transaction involves market timing or



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excessive trading that it believes is likely to be detrimental to the Fund.  Each Fund and its principal underwriter use reasonable efforts to detect market timing and excessive trading activity, but they cannot ensure that they will be able to identify all cases of market timing and excessive trading.  Each Fund or its principal underwriter may also reject or cancel any purchase order (including an exchange) from an investor or group of investors for any other reason.  Decisions to reject or cancel purchase orders (including exchanges) in a Fund are inherently subjective and will be made in a manner believed to be in the best interest of a Fund’s shareholders.  No Eaton Vance fund has any arrangement to permit market timing.

The following fund share transactions (to the extent permitted by a fund’s prospectus) generally are exempt from the market timing and excessive trading policy described above because they generally do not raise market timing or excessive trading concerns:  

·

transactions made pursuant to a systematic purchase plan or as the result of automatic reinvestment of dividends or distributions, or initiated by a Fund (e.g., for failure to meet applicable account minimums);

·

transactions made by participants in employer sponsored retirement plans involving participant payroll or employer contributions or loan repayments, redemptions as part of plan terminations or at the direction of the plan, mandatory retirement distributions, or rollovers;

·

transactions made by model-based discretionary advisory accounts; or

·

transactions made by an Eaton Vance fund that is structured as a “fund-of-funds,” provided the transactions are in response to fund inflows and outflows or are part of a reallocation of fund assets in accordance with its investment policies.

It may be difficult for a Fund or the principal underwriter to identify market timing or excessive trading in omnibus accounts traded through financial intermediaries.  The Funds and the principal underwriter have provided guidance to financial intermediaries (such as banks, broker-dealers, insurance companies and retirement administrators) concerning the application of the Eaton Vance funds’ market timing and excessive trading policies to Fund shares held in omnibus accounts maintained and administered by such intermediaries, including guidance concerning situations where market timing or excessive trading is considered to be detrimental to a Fund.  Each Fund or its principal underwriter may rely on a financial intermediary’s policy to restrict market timing and excessive trading if it believes that policy is likely to prevent market timing that is likely to be detrimental to the Fund.  Such policy may be more or less restrictive than a Fund’s policy.  Although each Fund or the principal underwriter reviews trading activity at the omnibus account level for activity that indicates potential market timing or excessive trading activity, the Funds and the principal underwriter typically will not request or receive individual account data unless suspicious trading activity is identified.  Each Fund and the principal underwriter generally rely on financial intermediaries to monitor trading activity in omnibus accounts in good faith in accordance with their own or Fund policies.  Each Fund and the principal underwriter cannot ensure that these financial intermediaries will in all cases apply the policies of the Fund or their own policies, as the case may be, to accounts under their control.

Choosing a Share Class.Each Fund offers different classes of shares.  The different classes of shares represent investments in the same portfolio of securities, but the classes are subject to different expenses and will likely have different share prices due to differences in class expenses.  A share class also may be subject to a sales charge.  In choosing the class of shares that suits your investment needs, you should consider:

·

how long you expect to own your shares;

·

how much you intend to invest; and

·

the total operating expenses associated with owning each class.

Each investor’s considerations are different.  You should speak with your financial intermediary to help you decide which class of shares is best for you.  Set forth below is a brief description of each class of shares offered by the Funds.

Class A shares are offered at net asset value plus a front-end sales charge of up to 4.75%.  This charge is deducted from the amount you invest.  The Class A sales charge is reduced for purchases of $50,000 or more.  The sales charge applicable to your purchase may be reduced under the right of accumulation or a statement of intention, which are described in “Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges” under “Sales Charges” below.  Some investors may be eligible to purchase Class A shares at net asset value under certain circumstances, which are also described below.  Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.20% (0.25% for the Municipal Opportunities Fund) annually of average daily net assets.

Class B shares are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge, but are only available for purchase upon exchange from another Eaton Vance fund or through reinvestment of distributions.  If you sell your Class B shares within six years of purchase, you generally will be subject to a contingent deferred sales charge or “CDSC.”  The amount of the CDSC applicable to a redemption of Class B shares decreases over six years, as described in the CDSC schedule in “Contingent Deferred Sales Charge” under “Sales Charges” below.  The CDSC is deducted from your redemption proceeds.  Under certain circumstances, the Class B CDSC may be waived (such as in the case of the death of the shareholder).  See “CDSC Waivers” under “Sales Charges” below.  Class B shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.95% annually of average daily net assets. Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares eight years after purchase.



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Class C shares are offered at net asset value with no front-end sales charge.  If you sell your Class C shares within one year of purchase, you generally will be subject to a CDSC.  The CDSC is deducted from your redemption proceeds.  Under certain circumstances, the CDSC for Class C may be waived (such as certain redemptions from employer sponsored retirement plans).  See “CDSC Waivers” under “Sales Charges” below.  Class C shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.95% (1.00% for Municipal Opportunities Fund) annually of average daily net assets.  Orders for Class C shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds will be refused when the total value of the purchase (including the aggregate market value of all Eaton Vance fund shares held within the purchasing shareholder’s account(s)) is $1 million or more.  Investors considering cumulative purchases of $1 million or more should consider whether another Class of shares would be more appropriate and consult their financial intermediary.

Class I shares are offered to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform.  Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and employer sponsored retirement plans.  Class I shares are also offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates, and certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance . Class I shares do not pay distribution or service fees.

Payments to Financial Intermediaries.In addition to payments disclosed under Sales Charges below, the principal underwriter, out of its own resources, may make cash payments to certain financial intermediaries who provide marketing support, transaction processing and/or administrative services and, in some cases, include some or all Eaton Vance funds in preferred or specialized selling programs.  Payments made by the principal underwriter to a financial intermediary may be significant and are typically in the form of fees based on Fund sales, assets, transactions processed and/or accounts attributable to that financial intermediary.  Financial intermediaries also may receive amounts from the principal underwriter in connection with educational or due diligence meetings that include information concerning Eaton Vance funds.  The principal underwriter may pay or allow other promotional incentives or payments to financial intermediaries to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations.  

Certain financial intermediaries that maintain fund accounts for the benefit of their customers provide sub-accounting, recordkeeping and/or administrative services to the Eaton Vance funds and are compensated for such services by the funds.  As used in this Prospectus, the term “financial intermediary” includes any broker, dealer, bank (including bank trust departments), registered investment adviser, financial planner, a retirement plan and/or its administrator, their designated intermediaries and any other firm having a selling, administration or similar agreement with the principal underwriter or its affiliates.



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Sales Charges

Class A Front-End Sales Charge.  Class A shares are offered at net asset value per share plus a sales charge that is determined by the amount of your investment.  The current sales charge schedule is:

Amount of Purchase

Sales Charge*
as Percentage of
Offering Price

Sales Charge*
as Percentage of Net
Amount Invested

Dealer Commission
as Percentage of
Offering Price

Less than $50,000

4.75%

4.99%

4.00%

$50,000 but less than $100,000

4.50%

4.71%

3.75%

$100,000 but less than $250,000

3.75%

3.90%

3.00%

$250,000 but less than $500,000

3.00%

3.09%

2.50%

$500,000 but less than $1,000,000

2.00%

2.04%

1.75%

$1,000,000 but less than $5,000,000

0.00**

0.00**

TIERED**

$5,000,000 or more

0.00**

0.00**

TIERED**

*

Because the offering price per share is rounded to two decimal places, the actual sales charge you pay on a purchase of Class A shares may be more or less than your total purchase amount multiplied by the applicable sales charge percentage.

**

No sales charge is payable at the time of purchase on investments of $1 million or more.  The principal underwriter will pay a commission to financial intermediaries on sales of $1 million or more as follows: 0.75% on amounts of $1 million or more but less than $5 million; plus 0.50% on amounts of $5 million or more.   A CDSC of 1.00% will be imposed on such investments (as described below) in the event of redemptions within 18 months of purchase.

Reducing or Eliminating Class A Sales Charges.  Front-end sales charges on purchases of Class A shares may be reduced under the right of accumulation or under a statement of intention.  To receive a reduced sales charge, you must inform your financial intermediary or a Fund at the time you purchase shares that you qualify for such a reduction.  If you do not let your financial intermediary or the Fund know you are eligible for a reduced sales charge at the time of purchase, you will not receive the discount to which you may otherwise be entitled.

Right of Accumulation.  Under the right of accumulation, the sales charge you pay is reduced if the current market value of your holdings in a Fund or any other Eaton Vance fund (based on the current maximum public offering price) plus your new purchase total $50,000 or more.  Shares owned by you, your spouse and children under age twenty-one may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation, including shares held for the benefit of any of you in omnibus or “street name” accounts.  In addition, shares held in a trust or fiduciary account of which any of the foregoing persons is the sole beneficiary (including employer sponsored retirement plans and Individual Retirement Accounts) may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation.  Shares purchased and/or owned in a SEP, SARSEP and SIMPLE IRA plan may be combined for purposes of the right of accumulation for the plan and its participants.  You may be required to provide documentation to establish your ownership of shares included under the right of accumulation (such as account statements for you, your spouse and children or marriage certificates, birth certificates and/or trust or other fiduciary-related documents).  

Statement of Intention.  Under a statement of intention, purchases of $50,000 or more made over a 13-month period are eligible for reduced sales charges.  Shares eligible under the right of accumulation (other than those included in employer sponsored retirement plans) may be included to satisfy the amount to be purchased under a statement of intention.  Under a statement of intention, the principal underwriter may hold 5% of the dollar amount to be purchased in escrow in the form of shares registered in your name until you satisfy the statement or the 13-month period expires.  A statement of intention does not obligate you to purchase (or a Fund to sell) the full amount indicated in the statement.  

Class A shares are offered at net asset value (without a sales charge) to accounts of clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares through a no-load network or platform, or self-directed brokerage accounts that may or may not charge transaction fees to customers.   Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments and foundations.  Class A shares also are offered at net asset value to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance; and to certain fund service providers as described in the Statement of Additional Information.  Class A shares may also be purchased at net asset value pursuant to the reinvestment privilege and exchange privilege and when distributions are reinvested.   Shares held in commission-based broker-dealer accounts may not qualify for purchases of Class A shares at net asset value.   See “Shareholder Account Features” for details.



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Contingent Deferred Sales Charge. Class A, Class B and Class C shares are subject to a CDSC on certain redemptions.  The CDSC generally is paid to the principal underwriter. Class A shares purchased at net asset value in amounts of $1 million or more are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within 18 months of purchase.  Class C shares are subject to a 1.00% CDSC if redeemed within one year of purchase. Class B shares are subject to the following CDSC schedule:

Year of Redemption After Purchase

CDSC

 

CDSCs are based on the lower of the net asset value at the time of purchase or at the time of redemption.  Shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions are exempt from the CDSC.  Redemptions are made first from shares that are not subject to a CDSC.

First or Second

5%

 

Third

4%

 

Fourth

3%

 

Fifth

2%

 

Sixth

1%

 

Seventh or following

0%

 

The sales commission payable to financial intermediaries in connection with sales of Class B and Class C shares is described under “Distribution and Service Fees” below.

CDSC Waivers. CDSCs are waived for certain redemptions pursuant to a Withdrawal Plan (see “Shareholder Account Features”).  The CDSC is also waived following the death of a beneficial owner of shares (a death certificate and other applicable documents may be required).

Conversion Feature.  After eight years, Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares.  Class B shares acquired through the reinvestment of distributions convert in proportion to shares not so acquired.

Distribution and Service Fees.Class A, Class B and Class C shares have in effect plans under Rule 12b-1 that allow each Fund to pay distribution fees for the sale and distribution of shares and service fees for personal and/or shareholder account services (so-called “12b-1 fees”).  Class B and Class C shares pay distribution fees to the principal underwriter of 0.75% of average daily net assets annually.  Because these fees are paid from Fund assets on an ongoing basis, they will increase your cost over time and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges.  The principal underwriter compensates financial intermediaries on sales of Class B and Class C shares (except exchange transactions and reinvestments) in an amount equal to 4% and 1%, respectively, of the purchase price of the shares.  After the first year, financial intermediaries also receive 0.75% of the value of Class C shares in annual distribution fees.  Class B and Class C shares also pay service fees to the principal underwriter equal to 0.20% (0.25% for the Municipal Opportunities Fund) of average daily net assets annually.  Class A shares pay distribution and service fees equal to 0.20% (0.25% for the Municipal Opportunities Fund) of average daily net assets annually.  After the sale of shares, the principal underwriter receives the Class A distribution and service fees and the Class B and Class C service fees for one year .  Thereafter financial intermediaries generally receive from the principal underwriter 0.20% (0.25% for the Municipal Opportunities Fund) annually of average daily net assets based on the value of shares sold by such financial intermediaries for shareholder servicing performed by such intermediaries. Although there is no present intention to do so, (except with respect to Municipal Opportunities Fund Class A and Class C shares) Class A, Class B and Class C could pay service fees of up to 0.25% annually upon Trustee approval.  Distribution and service fees are subject to the limitations contained in the sales charge rule of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.

More information about sales charges is available free of charge on the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com and in the Statement of Additional Information.  Please consult the Eaton Vance website for any updates to sales charge information before making a purchase of Fund shares.



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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Redeeming Shares

You can redeem shares in any of the following ways:

By Mail

Send your request to the transfer agent (see back cover for address). The request must be signed exactly as your account is registered (for instance, a joint account must be signed by all registered owners to be accepted) and a Medallion signature guarantee may be required.  Circumstances that may require a Medallion signature guarantee include, but are not limited to, requests to distribute redemption proceeds to a party other than the registered account owner(s); requests to mail redemption proceeds to an address other than the address of record; requests to distribute proceeds to a bank account not on file; or transaction requests from an account beneficiary when an account owner is deceased.  You can obtain a Medallion signature guarantee at banks, savings and loan institutions, credit unions, securities dealers, securities exchanges, clearing agencies and registered securities associations that participate in The Securities Transfer Agents Medallion Program, Inc. (STAMP, Inc.).  Only Medallion signature guarantees issued in accordance with STAMP, Inc. will be accepted.  You may be asked to provide additional documents if your shares are registered in the name of a corporation, partnership or fiduciary.

By Telephone

Certain shareholders can redeem by calling 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time). Proceeds of a telephone redemption are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions.

By Internet

Certain shareholders can redeem by logging on to the Eaton Vance website at www.eatonvance.com. Proceeds of internet redemptions are generally limited to $100,000 per account (which may include shares of one or more Eaton Vance funds) and can be sent only to the account address or to a bank pursuant to prior instructions.  

For Additional Information

Please call 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time).

Through a Financial Intermediary

Your financial intermediary is responsible for transmitting the order promptly.  A financial intermediary may charge a fee for this service.

The Funds' transfer agent or your financial intermediary must receive your redemption in proper form (meaning that it is complete and contains all necessary information) no later than the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. eastern time) for your redemption to be effected at that day’s net asset value.  Your redemption proceeds normally will be paid in cash within seven days, reduced by the amount of any applicable CDSC and any federal income and state tax required to be withheld.  Payments will be sent by regular mail.  However, if you have given complete written authorization in advance, you may request that the redemption proceeds be wired directly to your bank account.  The bank designated may be any bank in the United States.  The request may be made by calling 1-800-262-1122 or by sending a Medallion signature guaranteed letter of instruction to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).  Certain redemption requests including those involving shares held by certain corporations, trusts or certain other entities and shares that are subject to certain fiduciary arrangements may require additional documentation and may be redeemed only by mail.  You may be required to pay the costs of such transaction by a Fund or your bank.  No costs are currently charged by a Fund.  However, charges may apply for expedited mail delivery services.  Each Fund may suspend or terminate the expedited payment procedure upon at least 30 days’ notice.

If you recently purchased shares, the proceeds of a redemption will not be sent until the purchase check (including a certified or cashier’s check) has cleared. If the purchase check has not cleared, redemption proceeds may be delayed up to 15 days from the purchase date.  If your account value falls below $750 (other than due to market decline), you may be asked either to add to your account or redeem it within 60 days.  If you take no action, your account will be redeemed and the proceeds sent to you.

While redemption proceeds are normally paid in cash, redemptions may be paid by distributing marketable securities.  If you receive securities, you could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Shareholder Account Features

Distributions.  You may have your Fund distributions paid in one of the following ways:

• Full Reinvest Option

Distributions are reinvested in additional shares.  This option will be assigned if you do not specify an option.

• Partial Reinvest Option

Dividends are paid in cash* and capital gains are reinvested in additional shares.

• Cash Option

Distributions are paid in cash.*

• Exchange Option

Distributions are reinvested in additional shares of any class of another Eaton Vance fund chosen by you, subject to the terms of that fund’s prospectus.  Before selecting this option, you must obtain a prospectus of the other fund and consider its objectives, risks, and charges and expenses carefully.

*

If any distribution check remains uncashed for six months, Eaton Vance reserves the right to invest the amount represented by the check in Fund shares at the then-current net asset value of the Fund and all future distributions will be reinvested.

Information about the Funds.  From time to time, you may receive the following:

·

Semiannual and annual reports containing a list of portfolio holdings as of the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters, respectively, performance information and financial statements.

·

Periodic account statements, showing recent activity and total share balance.

·

Tax information needed to prepare your income tax returns.

·

Proxy materials, in the event a shareholder vote is required.

·

Special notices about significant events affecting your Fund.

Most fund information (including semiannual and annual reports, prospectuses and proxy statements) as well as your periodic account statements can be delivered electronically.  For more information please go to www.eatonvance.com/edelivery.

The Eaton Vance funds have established policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of portfolio holdings and other information concerning Fund characteristics.  A description of these policies and procedures is provided below and additionally in the Statement of Additional Information.  Such policies and procedures regarding disclosure of portfolio holdings are designed to prevent the misuse of material, non-public information about the funds.

Each Fund will file with the SEC a list of its portfolio holdings as of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters on Form N-Q.  Each Fund’s annual and semiannual reports (as filed on Form N-CSR) and each Form N-Q may be viewed on the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov).  The most recent fiscal quarter-end holdings may also be viewed on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com).  Portfolio holdings information that is filed with the SEC is posted on the Eaton Vance website approximately 60 days after the end of the quarter to which it relates. Portfolio holdings information as of each month end is posted to the website approximately one month after such month end. Each Fund also posts information about certain portfolio characteristics (such as top ten holdings and asset allocation) at least quarterly on the Eaton Vance website approximately ten business days after the period and each Fund may also post performance attribution as of a month end or more frequently if deemed appropriate.

Withdrawal Plan.  You may redeem shares on a regular periodic basis by establishing a systematic withdrawal plan.  Withdrawals will not be subject to any applicable CDSC if they are, in the aggregate, less than or equal to 12% annually of the greater of either the initial account balance or the current account balance.  Because purchases of Class A shares are generally subject to an initial sales charge, Class A shareholders should not make withdrawals from their accounts while also making purchases.

Exchange Privilege.  You may exchange your Fund shares for shares of the same Class of another Eaton Vance fund.  For purposes of exchanges among Eaton Vance funds, Class A and Class I shares are deemed to be the same as Investor Class and Institutional Class shares, respectively, of other Eaton Vance funds. Exchanges are made at net asset value.  If your shares are subject to a CDSC, the CDSC will continue to apply to your new shares at the same CDSC rate.  For purposes of the CDSC, your shares will continue to age from the date of your original purchase of Fund shares. Any class of shares of a fund may be exchanged for any other class of shares of that fund, provided that the shares being exchanged are no longer subject to a CDSC and the conditions for investing in the other class of shares described in the applicable prospectus are satisfied.

Before exchanging, you should read the prospectus of the new fund carefully.  Exchanges are subject to the terms applicable to purchases of the new fund’s shares as set forth in its prospectus.  If you wish to exchange shares, write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address), log on to your account at www.eatonvance.com or call 1-800-262-1122.  Periodic automatic exchanges are also available.  The exchange privilege may be changed or discontinued at any time.  You will receive at least 60 days’ notice of any material change to the privilege.  This privilege may not be used for “market timing” and may be terminated



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

45

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


for market timing accounts or for any other reason.  For additional information, see “Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing” under “Purchasing Shares.” Ordinarily exchanges between different funds are taxable transactions for federal tax purposes, while permitted exchanges of one class for shares of another class of the same fund are not. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to transactions in Fund shares.

Reinvestment Privilege.  If you redeem shares, you may reinvest at net asset value all or any portion of the redemption proceeds in the same class of shares of the Fund you redeemed from, provided that the reinvestment occurs within 60 days of the redemption, and the privilege has not been used more than once in the prior 12 months. Under these circumstances your account will be credited with any CDSC paid in connection with the redemption. Any CDSC period applicable to the shares you acquire upon reinvestment will run from the date of your original share purchase.  Reinvestment requests must be in writing.  At the time of a reinvestment, you or your financial intermediary must notify the Fund or the transfer agent that you are reinvesting redemption proceeds in accordance with this privilege.  If you reinvest, your purchase will be at the next determined net asset value following receipt of your request.

Telephone and Electronic Transactions.  You can redeem or exchange shares by telephone as described in this Prospectus.  In addition, certain transactions may be conducted through the Eaton Vance website.  The transfer agent and the principal underwriter have procedures in place to authenticate telephone and electronic instructions (such as using security codes or verifying personal account information).  As long as the transfer agent and principal underwriter follow reasonable procedures, they will not be responsible for unauthorized telephone or electronic transactions and you bear the risk of possible loss resulting from these transactions.  You may decline the telephone redemption option on the account application.  Telephone instructions are recorded.

“Street Name” Accounts.  If your shares are held in a “street name” account at a financial intermediary, that intermediary (and not the Fund or its transfer agent) will perform all recordkeeping, transaction processing and distribution payments.  Because the Fund does not maintain an account for you, you should contact your financial intermediary to make transactions in shares, make changes in your account, or obtain account information.  You will not be able to utilize a number of shareholder features, such as telephone or internet transactions, directly with a Fund and certain features may be subject to different requirements.  If you transfer shares in a “street name” account to an account with another financial intermediary or to an account directly with a Fund, you should obtain historical information about your shares prior to the transfer.  

Procedures for Opening New Accounts.  To help the government fight the funding of terrorism and money laundering activities, federal law requires financial institutions to obtain, verify and record information that identifies each new customer who opens a Fund account and to determine whether such person’s name appears on government lists of known or suspected terrorists or terrorist organizations.  When you open an account, the transfer agent or your financial intermediary will ask you for your name, address, date of birth (for individuals), residential or business street address (although post office boxes are still permitted for mailing) and social security number, taxpayer identification number, or other government-issued identifying number.  You also may be asked to produce a copy of your driver’s license, passport or other identifying documents in order to verify your identity.  In addition, it may be necessary to verify your identity by cross-referencing your identification information with a consumer report or other electronic databases.  Other information or documents may be required to open accounts for corporations and other entities.  Federal law prohibits a Fund and other financial institutions from opening a new account unless they receive the minimum identifying information described above.  If a person fails to provide the information requested, any application by that person to open a new account will be rejected.  Moreover, if the transfer agent or the financial intermediary is unable to verify the identity of a person based on information provided by that person, it may take additional steps including, but not limited to, requesting additional information or documents from the person, closing the person’s account or reporting the matter to the appropriate federal authorities.  If your account is closed for this reason, your shares may be automatically redeemed at the net asset value next determined.  If a Fund’s net asset value has decreased since your purchase, you will lose money as a result of this redemption.  Each Fund has also designated an anti-money laundering compliance officer.

Account Questions.  If you have any questions about your account or the services available, please call Eaton Vance Shareholder Services at 1-800-262-1122 Monday through Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. (eastern time), or write to the transfer agent (see back cover for address).



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Additional Tax Information

Each Fund declares distributions daily and ordinarily pays distributions monthly.  Different Classes of a Fund may distribute different amounts.  Your account will be credited with distributions beginning on the business day after the day when the funds used to purchase your Fund shares are collected by the transfer agent.  For tax purposes, the entire monthly distribution of the Fund’s daily distributions ordinarily will constitute tax-exempt income to you.  The Fund intends to distribute any net realized gains annually (usually in December).   It may also be necessary, due to Federal tax requirements, for the Fund to make a special income and/or capital gains distribution.   The exemption of “exempt-interest dividend” income from regular federal income taxation does not necessarily result in similar exemptions of such income under state or local tax laws.

The unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts is subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax.  For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the “net investment income” and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly).  Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities.  Net investment income is reduced by deductions “properly allocable” to this income.

Any recognized gain or income attributable to market discount on long-term tax-exempt municipal obligations (i.e., obligations with a term of more than one year) (except to the extent of a portion of the discount attributable to original issue discount), is taxable as ordinary income.  A long-term debt obligation is generally treated as acquired at a market discount if purchased after its original issue at a price less than (i) the stated principal amount payable at maturity, in the case of an obligation that does not have original issue discount or (ii) in the case of an obligation that does have original issue discount, the sum of the issue price and any original issue discount that accrued before the obligation was purchased, subject to a de minimis exclusion.

A Fund may invest a portion of its assets in securities that generate income that is not exempt from federal income tax.  The rate of tax on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund.  Distributions of any taxable income and net short-term capital gains will be taxable as ordinary income.  Distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains.  Distributions of interest on certain municipal obligations are a tax preference item under the AMT provisions applicable to individuals and corporations, and all tax-exempt distributions may affect a corporation’s AMT liability.  Each Fund’s distributions will be treated as described above for federal income tax purposes whether they are paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares.  A redemption of Fund shares, including an exchange for shares of another fund, is a taxable transaction.

A Fund may be required to withhold, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, 28% of the dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds payable to shareholders who fail to provide the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number or make required certifications, or who have been notified by the Internal Revenue Service that they are subject to backup withholding. Certain shareholders are exempt from backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability.

Shareholders, particularly corporations, recipients of social security or railroad retirement benefits and those subject to the AMT, should consult with their tax advisors concerning the applicability of federal, state, local and other taxes to an investment.  Additional information about state taxes is provided below.

Arizona. In the opinion of special tax counsel to the Arizona Fund, provided that the Arizona Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company for federal income taxes under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”), individuals, trusts, estates and corporations who are holders of the Arizona Fund and who are subject to Arizona income tax will not be subject to Arizona income tax on dividend income from the Arizona Fund to the extent that:  (a) such dividends qualify as exempt-interest dividends of a regulated investment company under Section 852(b)(5) of the Code and (b) such dividends are derived from obligations of the U.S. government or from obligations of the State of Arizona or any of its political subdivisions.  Other distributions from the Arizona Fund, including distributions derived from net short-term and long-term capital gains, are generally not exempt from Arizona income tax.  Interest or other related expenses incurred to purchase or carry shares of the Arizona Fund generally will not be deductible for Arizona income tax purposes.

Connecticut.  In the opinion of special Connecticut tax counsel to the Connecticut Fund, shareholders of the Connecticut Fund will not be subject to the Connecticut personal income tax, which is imposed on the Connecticut taxable income of individuals, trusts, and, estates, in the case of distributions received from the Connecticut Fund to the extent that such distributions qualify as exempt-interest dividends for federal income tax purposes and are derived from interest on obligations issued by or on behalf of the State of Connecticut, any political subdivision thereof, or public instrumentality, state or local authority, district or similar public entity created under Connecticut law (“Connecticut Obligations”), or on obligations the interest on which Connecticut is prohibited from taxing by federal law, e.g., tax-exempt obligations that are issued by the governments of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands or Guam.

Other distributions from the Connecticut Fund, including dividends attributable to interest on obligations of issuers in other states and all long-term and short-term capital gains, will not be exempt from the Connecticut personal income tax, except that, in the case of shareholders holding shares of the Connecticut Fund as capital assets, distributions qualifying as capital gain dividends for federal income tax purposes will not be subject to such tax to the extent they are derived from Connecticut Obligations.  



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Distributions from the Connecticut Fund that constitute items of tax preference for purposes of the federal alternative minimum tax will not be subject to the net Connecticut minimum tax, which is applicable to taxpayers subject to the Connecticut personal income tax and required to pay the federal alternative minimum tax, to the extent such distributions qualify as exempt-interest dividends derived from Connecticut Obligations or from obligations the interest on which Connecticut is prohibited from taxing by federal law, but other such distributions from the Connecticut Fund could cause or increase liability for the net Connecticut minimum tax.

Distributions from investment income and capital gains, including exempt-interest dividends derived from interest that is exempt from federal income tax, will be subject to the Connecticut Corporation Business Tax if received by a corporation or other entity subject to such tax, but a portion of such distributions not qualifying as exempt-interest dividends or capital gain dividends for federal income tax purposes might qualify for the dividends-received deduction provided under that Connecticut tax.

Minnesota.  Based on the advice of special tax counsel to the Minnesota Fund, provided that the Minnesota Fund qualifies as a “regulated investment company” under the Code, exempt-interest dividends paid by the Minnesota Fund and derived from interest income on tax-exempt obligations of Minnesota, its political or governmental subdivisions, municipalities, governmental agencies or instrumentalities, or tribal governments of Indian tribes located in Minnesota (“Minnesota Sources”), will be exempt from the regular Minnesota personal income tax imposed on individuals, estates and trusts, provided that at least 95% of all exempt-interest dividends paid by the Minnesota Fund in a taxable year consists of exempt-interest dividends derived from Minnesota Sources.  Furthermore, exempt-interest dividends, if any, derived from interest on certain obligations issued by U.S. territories and possessions will also be exempt from the regular Minnesota personal income tax ( although exempt-interest dividends paid from interest on obligations of U.S. territories and possessions are not considered to be derived from Minnesota Sources for purposes of satisfying the 95% test ).  Other dividends paid by the Minnesota Fund, including other exempt-interest dividends paid from sources other than Minnesota Sources, and distributions derived from net short-term and long-term capital gains, are not exempt from the regular Minnesota personal income tax imposed on individuals, estates, and trusts.

Minnesota imposes an alternative minimum tax on individuals, estates, and trusts that is based, in part, on the taxpayer’s federal alternative minimum taxable income.  To the extent that exempt-interest dividends are included in federal alternative minimum taxable income, they will also be included in Minnesota alternative minimum taxable income.

All distributions from the Minnesota Fund, including exempt-interest dividends derived from Minnesota Sources, will be includable in taxable income for purposes of determining the Minnesota franchise tax imposed on corporations and financial institutions.

Interest on indebtedness which is incurred or continued by an individual, a trust or an estate to purchase or carry shares of the Minnesota Fund generally will not be deductible for regular Minnesota personal income tax purposes.

In 1995, Minnesota enacted a statement of intent, codified at Minn. Stat. § 289A.50, subd. 10, that interest on obligations of Minnesota governmental units and Indian tribes be included in the net income of individuals, estates and trusts for Minnesota income tax purposes if a court determines that Minnesota’s exemption of such interest and its taxation of interest on obligations of governmental issuers in other states unlawfully discriminates against interstate commerce.  This provision applies to taxable years that begin during or after the calendar year in which any such court decision becomes final, irrespective of the date upon which the obligations were issued.

On May 19, 2008, the U.S. Supreme Court decided the case of Department of Revenue of Kentucky v. Davis , in which a taxpayer had challenged Kentucky’s scheme of taxation under which it exempted from taxation interest on the bonds of the Commonwealth of Kentucky and its political subdivisions while subjecting to tax interest on the bonds of other states and their political subdivisions.  The Supreme Court held that Kentucky’s taxing scheme did not violate the Commerce Clause.  The Court, however, dealt with bonds of the state and its political subdivisions that financed governmental projects, and noted that the case did not present the question of the treatment of private activity bonds that are used to finance projects for private entities.  (The Court’s opinion also did not address the issue of discriminatory treatment of Indian tribal bonds.)  The Court’s opinion left open the possibility that another party could challenge a state’s discriminatory treatment of the interest on private activity bonds on the ground that it violates the Commerce Clause.  The management of the Fund is not aware that any such case has been brought.  Nevertheless, a court in the future could hold that a state’s discriminatory treatment of private activity bonds of issuers located within or outside the state violates the Commerce Clause, and in that case the 1995 Minnesota legislative provision could take effect and interest on certain Minnesota obligations held by the Fund could become taxable in Minnesota.



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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


New Jersey.  The New Jersey Fund intends to satisfy New Jersey’s statutory requirements for treatment as a “Qualified Investment Fund” under the provisions of the New Jersey Gross Income Tax Act (N.J.S.A. Sections 54A: 5-1 et seq.), as amended and any regulations promulgated thereunder. The New Jersey Fund has obtained an opinion of special tax counsel to the New Jersey Fund that, provided the New Jersey Fund limits its investments to those described in this prospectus and otherwise satisfies such statutory requirements, shareholders of the New Jersey Fund which are individuals, estates or trusts will not be required to include in their New Jersey gross income distributions from the New Jersey Fund that are attributable to interest or gain realized by the New Jersey Fund from obligations the interest on which is exempt from regular federal income tax and is exempt from New Jersey state personal income tax or other obligations statutorily free from New Jersey taxation. However, with regard to corporate shareholders, counsel is also of the opinion that distributions from the New Jersey Fund will not be excluded from net income and shares of the New Jersey Fund will not be excluded from investment capital in determining New Jersey corporation business (franchise) and corporation income taxes for corporate shareholders.

Pennsylvania.  Provided that the Pennsylvania Fund qualifies as a “regulated investment company” under the Code and is registered under the 1940 Act, distributions made out of earnings and profits of the Pennsylvania Fund derived from interest on obligations which are statutorily free from state taxation in Pennsylvania (“Exempt Obligations”) will not be taxable on pass through to shareholders for purposes of the Pennsylvania personal income tax.  The term “Exempt Obligations” includes (i) those obligations issued by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and its political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities, the interest from which is statutorily free from state taxation in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, and (ii) certain U.S. government obligations and certain qualifying obligations of U.S. territories and possessions.  Distributions attributable to most other sources, including capital gains, will not be exempt from Pennsylvania personal income tax.  

Corporate shareholders that are subject to the Pennsylvania corporate net income tax will not be subject to corporate net income tax on distributions made by the Pennsylvania Fund, provided such distributions are derived from interest on Exempt Obligations.  For Pennsylvania corporate net income tax purposes, however, the exemption of any such distribution that was included in U.S. federal taxable income shall be reduced by any interest on indebtedness incurred to carry the shares, any expenses incurred in the production of such income, and any other expenses deducted on the U.S. federal income tax return that would not have been allowed if the distribution were exempt from U.S. federal income tax.  To support any claim for exemption, the corporate taxpayer must submit evidence that the income was received from a regulated investment company and submit a schedule indicating the percentage of income applicable to exempt and non-exempt assets.  Distributions of capital gain attributable to Exempt Obligations will be subject to the Pennsylvania corporate net income tax.  In addition, corporate shareholders will be entitled to a pass-through exemption in computing the exempt single-asset fraction for capital stock/franchise tax purposes.  Specifically, an investment in the Pennsylvania Fund is granted an exemption for the same percentage as the deduction allowed from taxable income, on a pass-through basis, for purposes of the corporate net income tax.

Gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of the shares generally will be subject to the Pennsylvania personal income tax and corporate net income tax.

Shares of the Pennsylvania Fund which are held by individual shareholders who are Pennsylvania residents and subject to the Pennsylvania county personal property tax will be exempt from such tax to the extent that the obligations held by the Pennsylvania Fund consist of Exempt Obligations on the annual assessment date.  Corporations are not subject to Pennsylvania personal property taxes.

For individual shareholders who are residents of the City of Philadelphia, distributions of interest derived from Exempt Obligations will not be taxable for purposes of the Philadelphia School District Investment Net Income Tax, provided that the Pennsylvania Fund reports to its investors the percentage of Exempt Obligations held by the Pennsylvania Fund for the year.  The Pennsylvania Fund will report such percentage to its investors.  Gain from the sale, exchange or other disposition of shares of the Pennsylvania Fund will be subject to the Philadelphia School District Investment Net Income Tax if the shares have been held for a period of six months or less prior to the disposition.

Shares of the Pennsylvania Fund may be subject to the Pennsylvania inheritance tax and Pennsylvania estate tax if held by a Pennsylvania decedent at the time of death.



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Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights

The financial highlights are intended to help you understand a Fund’s financial performance for the period(s) indicated.  Certain information in the tables reflects the financial results for a single Fund share.  The total returns in the tables represent the rate an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in a Fund (assuming reinvestment of all distributions at net asset value).  This information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm.  The report of Deloitte & Touche LLP and each Fund’s financial statements are incorporated herein by reference and included in the Fund’s annual report, which is available upon request.

 

Arizona Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2016

2015

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$9.540

$10.600

$10.610

$9.540

$9.650

$10.720

$10.730

$9.640

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.321

$0.278

$0.275

$0.339

$0.346

$0.294

$0.305

$0.368

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.298

0.326

0.329

0.289

(0.088)

(0.086)

(0.097)

(0.081)

Total income from operations

$0.619

$0.604

$0.604

$0.628

$0.258

$0.208

$0.208

$0.287

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.319)

$(0.274)

$(0.274)

$(0.338)

$(0.368)

$(0.328)

$(0.328)

$(0.387)

Total distributions

$(0.319)

$(0.274)

$(0.274)

$(0.338)

$(0.368)

$(0.328)

$(0.328)

$(0.387)

Net asset value - End of year

$9.840

$10.930

$10.940

$9.830

$9.540

$10.600

$10.610

$9.540

Total Return(2)

6.60%

5.78%

5.77%

6.70%

2.67%

1.93%

1.93%

2.98%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$47,956

$277

$6,592

$12,390

$47,736

$326

$5,690

$9,759

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(4)

0.69%

1.44%

1.44%

0.49%

0.72%

1.47%

1.47%

0.52%

Total expenses(3)

0.69%

1.44%

1.44%

0.49%

0.72%

1.47%

1.47%

0.52%

Net investment income

3.32%

2.59%

2.56%

3.50%

3.56%

2.72%

2.83%

3.79%

Portfolio Turnover

14%

14%

14%

14%

8%

8%

8%

8%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

50

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Arizona Fund

Year Ended July 31,

2014

2013

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$9.300

$10.330

$10.340

$9.300

$10.030

$11.140

$11.150

$10.020

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.378

$0.343

$0.343

$0.396

$0.374

$0.334

$0.333

$0.392

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.337

0.374

0.374

0.328

(0.741)

(0.823)

(0.822)

(0.729)

Total income (loss) from operations

$0.715

$0.717

$0.717

$0.724

$(0.367)

$(0.489)

$(0.489)

$(0.337)

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.365)

$(0.327)

$(0.327)

$(0.384)

$(0.363)

$(0.321)

$(0.321)

$(0.383)

Total distributions

$(0.365)

$(0.327)

$(0.327)

$(0.384)

$(0.363)

$(0.321)

$(0.321)

$(0.383)

Net asset value - End of year

$9.650

$10.720

$10.730

$9.640

$9.300

$10.330

$10.340

$9.300

Total Return(2)

7.84%

7.05%

7.05%

7.94%

(3.82)%

(4.53)%

(4.52)%

(3.53)%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$52,491

$555

$5,792

$9,136

$54,949

$789

$7,733

$6,852

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.73%

1.48%

1.48%

0.53%

0.74%

1.49%

1.49%

0.54%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.03%

0.03%

0.03%

0.03%

0.02%

0.02%

0.02%

0.02%

Total expenses(3)

0.76%

1.51%

1.51%

0.56%

0.76%

1.51%

1.51%

0.56%

Net investment income

4.01%

3.28%

3.28%

4.20%

3.77%

3.02%

3.01%

3.95%

Portfolio Turnover

4%

4%

4%

4%

14%

14%

14%

14%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

51

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Arizona Fund

Year Ended July 31,

2012

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$9.280

$10.310

$10.320

$9.270

Income From Operations

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.404

$0.368

$0.366

$0.423

Net realized and unrealized gain

0.736

0.815

0.817

0.736

Total income from operations

$1.140

$1.183

$1.183

$1.159

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.387)

$(0.350)

$(0.350)

$(0.406)

Tax return of capital

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

Total distributions

$(0.390)

$(0.353)

$(0.353)

$(0.409)

Net asset value - End of year

$10.030

$11.140

$11.150

$10.020

Total Return(2)

12.51%

11.64%

11.63%

12.74%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$62,591

$1,451

$9,602

$2,658

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.74%

1.49%

1.49%

0.54%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.02%

0.02%

0.02%

0.02%

Total expenses(3)

0.76%

1.51%

1.51%

0.56%

Net investment income

4.17%

3.42%

3.39%

4.35%

Portfolio Turnover

8%

8%

8%

8%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

52

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Connecticut Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2016

2015

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$10.240

$10.190

$10.200

$10.240

$10.240

$10.190

$10.200

$10.240

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.351

$0.272

$0.271

$0.371

$0.364

$0.285

$0.285

$0.385

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.276

0.276

0.287

0.276

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.003)

(0.004)

Total income from operations

$0.627

$0.548

$0.558

$0.647

$0.360

$0.281

$0.282

$0.381

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.347)

$(0.268)

$(0.268)

$(0.367)

$(0.360)

$(0.281)

$(0.282)

$(0.381)

Total distributions

$(0.347)

$(0.268)

$(0.268)

$(0.367)

$(0.360)

$(0.281)

$(0.282)

$(0.381)

Net asset value - End of year

$10.520

$10.470

$10.490

$10.520

$10.240

$10.190

$10.200

$10.240

Total Return(2)

6.22%

5.44%

5.54%

6.43%

3.53%

2.76%

2.76%

3.74%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$68,795

$795

$7,020

$12,826

$72,210

$1,026

$6,739

$9,330

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.72%

1.47%

1.47%

0.52%

0.72%

1.47%

1.47%

0.52%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.03%

0.03%

0.03%

0.03%

Total expenses(3)

0.72%

1.47%

1.47%

0.52%

0.75%

1.50%

1.50%

0.55%

Net investment income

3.38%

2.64%

2.62%

3.57%

3.52%

2.77%

2.77%

3.71%

Portfolio Turnover

7%

7%

7%

7%

2%

2%

2%

2%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

53

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Connecticut Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2014

2013

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$9.890

$9.850

$9.860

$9.890

$10.750

$10.700

$10.710

$10.760

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.386

$0.309

$0.310

$0.406

$0.383

$0.303

$0.302

$0.404

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.347

0.337

0.337

0.347

(0.862)

(0.853)

(0.852)

(0.872)

Total income (loss) from operations

$0.733

$0.646

$0.647

$0.753

$(0.479)

$(0.550)

$(0.550)

$(0.468)

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.383)

$(0.306)

$(0.307)

$(0.403)

$(0.379)

$(0.299)

$(0.299)

$(0.400)

Tax return of capital

(0.002)

(0.001)

(0.001)

(0.002)

Total distributions

$(0.383)

$(0.306)

$(0.307)

$(0.403)

$(0.381)

$(0.300)

$(0.300)

$(0.402)

Net asset value - End of year

$10.240

$10.190

$10.200

$10.240

$9.890

$9.850

$9.860

$9.890

Total Return(2)

7.56%

6.67%

6.67%

7.78%

(4.62)%

(5.28)%

(5.27)%

(4.52)%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$76,772

$1,439

$6,447

$9,987

$88,850

$1,642

$6,787

$8,454

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.71%

1.46%

1.46%

0.51%

0.73%

1.49%

1.48%

0.53%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.07%

0.07%

0.07%

0.07%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

Total expenses(3)

0.78%

1.53%

1.53%

0.58%

0.78%

1.54%

1.53%

0.58%

Net investment income

3.87%

3.11%

3.11%

4.05%

3.62%

2.87%

2.86%

3.82%

Portfolio Turnover

6%

6%

6%

6%

13%

13%

13%

13%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

54

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Connecticut Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2012

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$10.050

$10.000

$10.010

$10.050

Income From Operations

 

 

 

 

Net investment income

$0.415(1)

$0.336(1)

$0.335(1)

$0.438

Net realized and unrealized gain

0.700

0.699

0.700

0.708

Total income from operations

$1.115

$1.035

$1.035

$1.146

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.412)

$(0.333)

$(0.333)

$(0.433)

Tax return of capital

(0.003)

(0.002)

(0.002)

(0.003)

Total distributions

$(0.415)

$(0.335)

$(0.335)

$(0.436)

Net asset value - End of year

$10.750

$10.700

$10.710

$10.760

Total Return(2)

11.29%

10.49%

10.49%

11.61%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$101,699

$2,576

$7,766

$10,701

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.75%

1.50%

1.50%

0.54%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

Total expenses(3)

0.80%

1.55%

1.55%

0.59%

Net investment income

3.98%

3.24%

3.22%

4.11%

Portfolio Turnover

13%

13%

13%

13%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

55

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Minnesota Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2016

2015

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$9.550

$10.280

$10.270

$9.550

$9.580

$10.310

$10.300

$9.580

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.288

$0.234

$0.231

$0.304

$0.312

$0.258

$0.257

$0.330

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.222

0.230

0.233

0.225

(0.033)

(0.033)

(0.032)

(0.031)

Total income from operations

$0.510

$0.464

$0.464

$0.529

$0.279

$0.225

$0.225

$0.299

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.290)

$(0.234)

$(0.234)

$(0.309)

$(0.309)

$(0.255)

$(0.255)

$(0.329)

Total distributions

$(0.290)

$(0.234)

$(0.234)

$(0.309)

$(0.309)

$(0.255)

$(0.255)

$(0.329)

Net asset value - End of year

$9.770

$10.510

$10.500

$9.770

$9.550

$10.280

$10.270

$9.550

Total Return(2)

5.42%

4.57%

4.57%

5.63%

2.94%

2.19%

2.19%

3.15%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$74,061

$231

$12,990

$59,486

$71,598

$404

$11,636

$37,542

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses(3)

0.69%

1.45%

1.44%

0.49%

0.71%

1.46%

1.46%

0.51%

Net investment income

2.98%

2.26%

2.23%

3.15%

3.24%

2.49%

2.48%

3.43%

Portfolio Turnover

12%

12%

12%

12%

2%

2%

2%

2%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

56

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Minnesota Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2014

2013

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$9.230

$9.930

$9.920

$9.230

$9.760

$10.500

$10.490

$9.760

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.319

$0.268

$0.268

$0.337

$0.306

$0.251

$0.250

$0.325

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.349

0.378

0.378

0.349

(0.533)

(0.573)

(0.572)

(0.532)

Total income (loss) from operations

$0.668

$0.646

$0.646

$0.686

$(0.227)

$(0.322)

$(0.322)

$(0.207)

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.318)

$(0.266)

$(0.266)

$(0.336)

$(0.303)

$(0.248)

$(0.248)

$(0.323)

Total distributions

$(0.318)

$(0.266)

$(0.266)

$(0.336)

$(0.303)

$(0.248)

$(0.248)

$(0.323)

Net asset value - End of year

$9.580

$10.310

$10.300

$9.580

$9.230

$9.930

$9.920

$9.230

Total Return(2)

7.36%

6.59%

6.60%

7.57%

(2.43)%

(3.15)%

(3.16)%

(2.23)%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$73,246

$535

$11,098

$25,888

$77,456

$846

$12,298

$21,323

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses(3)

0.71%

1.47%

1.47%

0.51%

0.72%

1.47%

1.47%

0.52%

Net investment income

3.40%

2.66%

2.66%

3.60%

3.15%

2.40%

2.39%

3.35%

Portfolio Turnover

4%

4%

4%

4%

5%

5%

5%

5%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

57

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Minnesota Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2012

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$9.160

$9.860

$9.850

$9.160

Income From Operations

 

 

 

 

Net investment income

$0.341(1)

$0.295(1)

$0.289(1)

$0.358

Net realized and unrealized gain

0.598

0.633

0.639

0.600

Total income from operations

$0.939

$0.928

$0.928

$0.958

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.339)

$(0.288)

$(0.288)

$(0.358)

Total distributions

$(0.339)

$(0.288)

$(0.288)

$(0.358)

Net asset value - End of year

$9.760

$10.500

$10.490

$9.760

Total Return(2)

10.41%

9.53%

9.54%

10.63%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$86,725

$1,323

$12,955

$21,608

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

Expenses(3)

0.72%

1.47%

1.47%

0.52%

Net investment income

3.59%

2.89%

2.83%

3.54%

Portfolio Turnover

8%

8%

8%

8%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

58

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Municipal Opportunities Fund

 

Year  Ended July 31,

 

2016

2015

 

Class A

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class C(8)

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$11.490

$11.480

$11.500

$11.180

$11.270

$11.190

Income From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income

$0.218

$0.129

$0.248

$0.202

$0.103

$0.232

Net realized and unrealized gain

0.760

0.770

0.770

0.319

0.219

0.319

Total income from operations

$0.978

$0.899

$1.018

$0.521

$0.322

$0.551

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.218)

$(0.129)

$(0.248)

$(0.202)

$(0.103)

$(0.232)

From net realized gain

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

Total distributions

$(0.218)

$(0.129)

$(0.248)

$(0.211)

$(0.112)

$(0.241)

Net asset value - End of year

$12.250

$12.250

$12.270

$11.490

$11.480

$11.500

Total Return(2)

8.59%

7.87%

8.95%

4.68%

2.86%(5)

4.94%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$154,283

$47,302

$501,541

$87,416

$21,534

$211,151

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses(3)

0.97%

1.72%

0.72%

1.00%(7)

1.75%(6)(7)

0.75%(7)

Net investment income

1.85%

1.09%

2.09%

1.72%

0.91%(6)

1.98%

Portfolio Turnover

58%

58%

58%

79%

79%(9)

79%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

59

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Municipal Opportunities Fund

 

Year  Ended July 31,

 

2014

2013

2012

 

Class A

Class I

Class A

Class I

Class A

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$10.240

$10.250

$11.240

$11.250

$10.090

$10.090

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income

$0.242

$0.269

$0.225

$0.253

$0.257

$0.286

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.940

0.939

(0.739)

(0.738)

1.205

1.215

Total income (loss) from operations

$1.182

$1.208

$(0.514)

$(0.485)

$1.462

$1.501

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.242)

$(0.268)

$(0.225)

$(0.254)

$(0.257)

$(0.286)

From net realized gain

(0.261)

(0.261)

(0.055)

(0.055)

Total distributions

$(0.242)

$(0.268)

$(0.486)

$(0.515)

$(0.312)

$(0.341)

Net asset value - End of year

$11.180

$11.190

$10.240

$10.250

$11.240

$11.250

Total Return(2)

11.69%

11.96%

(4.87)%

(4.62)%

14.69%

15.10%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$16,715

$42,549

$15,596

$16,369

$6,886

$12,546

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses(3)(7)

1.09%

0.84%

1.10%

0.85%

1.10%

0.85%

Net investment income

2.25%

2.44%

2.02%

2.30%

2.36%

2.68%

Portfolio Turnover

283%

283%

85%

85%

85%

85%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

60

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

New Jersey Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2016

2015

 

Class A

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$9.240

$9.640

$9.240

$9.310

$9.710

$9.310

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.339

$0.280

$0.357

$0.337

$0.278

$0.355

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.277

0.288

0.278

(0.072)

(0.072)

(0.071)

Total income from operations

$0.616

$0.568

$0.635

$0.265

$0.206

$0.284

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.336)

$(0.278)

$(0.355)

$(0.335)

$(0.276)

$(0.354)

Total distributions

$(0.336)

$(0.278)

$(0.355)

$(0.335)

$(0.276)

$(0.354)

Net asset value - End of year

$9.520

$9.930

$9.520

$9.240

$9.640

$9.240

Total Return(2)

6.78%

5.97%

7.00%

2.86%

2.13%

3.07%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$117,155

$24,731

$28,693

$120,659

$23,141

$24,873

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.72%

1.47%

0.52%

0.73%

1.48%

0.53%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.03%

0.03%

0.03%

0.02%

0.02%

0.02%

Total expenses(3)

0.75%

1.50%

0.55%

0.75%

1.50%

0.55%

Net investment income

3.62%

2.86%

3.80%

3.60%

2.85%

3.80%

Portfolio Turnover

17%

17%

17%

8%

8%

8%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

61

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

New Jersey Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2014

2013

2012

 

Class A

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$9.010

$9.400

$9.010

$9.580

$9.990

$9.580

$8.830

$9.210

$8.830

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.357

$0.300

$0.372

$0.382

$0.323

$0.401

$0.396

$0.340

$0.412

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.299

0.310

0.302

(0.570)

(0.590)

(0.570)

0.748

0.780

0.751

Total income (loss) from operations

$0.656

$0.610

$0.674

$(0.188)

$(0.267)

$(0.169)

$1.144

$1.120

$1.163

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.356)

$(0.300)

$(0.374)

$(0.382)

$(0.323)

$(0.401)

$(0.394)

$(0.340)

$(0.413)

Total distributions

$(0.356)

$(0.300)

$(0.374)

$(0.382)

$(0.323)

$(0.401)

$(0.394)

$(0.340)

$(0.413)

Net asset value - End of year

$9.310

$9.710

$9.310

$9.010

$9.400

$9.010

$9.580

$9.990

$9.580

Total Return(2)

7.43%

6.59%

7.64%

(2.12)%

(2.81)%

(1.93)%

13.24%

12.37%

13.46%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$135,265

$24,442

$20,179

$146,499

$25,796

$13,493

$173,054

$28,066

$10,922

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.74%

1.49%

0.53%

0.75%

1.50%

0.55%

0.76%

1.51%

0.56%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.03%

0.03%

0.03%

0.07%

0.07%

0.07%

0.07%

0.07%

0.07%

Total expenses(3)

0.77%

1.52%

0.56%

0.82%

1.57%

0.62%

0.83%

1.58%

0.63%

Net investment income

3.92%

3.16%

4.07%

3.98%

3.23%

4.18%

4.31%

3.55%

4.47%

Portfolio Turnover

16%

16%

16%

6%

6%

6%

15%

15%

15%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

62

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Pennsylvania Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2016

2015

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$8.900

$9.220

$9.220

$8.940

$8.950

$9.270

$9.270

$8.990

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.345

$0.288

$0.287

$0.365

$0.355

$0.298

$0.298

$0.375

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.207

0.207

0.208

0.197

(0.053)

(0.053)

(0.053)

(0.053)

Total income from operations

$0.552

$0.495

$0.495

$0.562

$0.302

$0.245

$0.245

$0.322

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.342)

$(0.285)

$(0.285)

$(0.362)

$(0.352)

$(0.295)

$(0.295)

$(0.372)

Total distributions

$(0.342)

$(0.285)

$(0.285)

$(0.362)

$(0.352)

$(0.295)

$(0.295)

$(0.372)

Net asset value - End of year

$9.110

$9.430

$9.430

$9.140

$8.900

$9.220

$9.220

$8.940

Total Return(2)

6.32%

5.44%

5.44%

6.40%

3.41%

2.66%

2.66%

3.62%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$147,706

$1,746

$38,004

$53,322

$140,411

$2,029

$32,695

$49,036

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.73%

1.48%

1.48%

0.53%

0.75%

1.50%

1.50%

0.55%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.04%

0.04%

0.04%

0.04%

0.03%

0.03%

0.03%

0.03%

Total expenses(3)

0.77%

1.52%

1.52%

0.57%

0.78%

1.53%

1.53%

0.58%

Net investment income

3.84%

3.10%

3.08%

4.03%

3.95%

3.20%

3.20%

4.15%

Portfolio Turnover

8%

8%

8%

8%

5%

5%

5%

5%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

63

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Pennsylvania Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2014

2013

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$8.750

$9.060

$9.060

$8.790

$9.170

$9.490

$9.490

$9.200

Income (Loss) From Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.375

$0.321

$0.319

$0.393

$0.369

$0.310

$0.310

$0.388

Net realized and unrealized gain (loss)

0.197

0.206

0.208

0.198

(0.423)

(0.432)

(0.432)

(0.412)

Total income (loss) from operations

$0.572

$0.527

$0.527

$0.591

$(0.054)

$(0.122)

$(0.122)

$(0.024)

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.372)

$(0.317)

$(0.317)

$(0.391)

$(0.366)

$(0.308)

$(0.308)

$(0.386)

Total distributions

$(0.372)

$(0.317)

$(0.317)

$(0.391)

$(0.366)

$(0.308)

$(0.308)

$(0.386)

Net asset value - End of year

$8.950

$9.270

$9.270

$8.990

$8.750

$9.060

$9.060

$8.790

Total Return(2)

6.68%

5.92%

5.92%

6.88%

(0.70)%

(1.39)%

(1.39)%

(0.37)%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$147,461

$3,012

$32,342

$39,754

$156,219

$4,517

$34,045

$29,443

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.74%

1.50%

1.49%

0.54%

0.76%

1.52%

1.51%

0.56%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.04%

0.04%

0.04%

0.04%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

Total expenses(3)

0.78%

1.54%

1.53%

0.58%

0.81%

1.57%

1.56%

0.61%

Net investment income

4.25%

3.51%

3.49%

4.43%

4.01%

3.26%

3.26%

4.21%

Portfolio Turnover

4%

4%

4%

4%

12%

12%

12%

12%

(See footnotes on last page.)



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

64

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


Financial Highlights (continued)

 

Pennsylvania Fund

 

Year Ended July 31,

 

2012

 

Class A

Class B

Class C

Class I

Net asset value - Beginning of year

$8.800

$9.110

$9.110

$8.830

Income From Operations

 

 

 

 

Net investment income(1)

$0.380

$0.326

$0.324

$0.400

Net realized and unrealized gain

0.370

0.377

0.380

0.369

Total income from operations

$0.750

$0.703

$0.704

$0.769

Less Distributions

 

 

 

 

From net investment income

$(0.380)

$(0.323)

$(0.324)

$(0.399)

Total distributions

$(0.380)

$(0.323)

$(0.324)

$(0.399)

Net asset value - End of year

$9.170

$9.490

$9.490

$9.200

Total Return(2)

8.70%

7.86%

7.86%

8.91%

Ratios/Supplemental Data

 

 

 

 

Net assets, end of year (000’s omitted)

$179,909

$7,255

$38,268

$29,484

Ratios (as a percentage of average daily net assets):

 

 

 

 

Expenses excluding interest and fees(3)

0.77%

1.52%

1.52%

0.57%

Interest and fee expense(4)

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

0.05%

Total expenses(3)

0.82%

1.57%

1.57%

0.62%

Net investment income

4.25%

3.52%

3.49%

4.45%

Portfolio Turnover

6%

6%

6%

6%

(1)

Computed using average shares outstanding.

(2)

Returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value with all distributions reinvested and do not reflect the effect of sales charges, if applicable.

(3)

Excludes the effect of custody fee credits, if any, of less than 0.005%.

(4 )

Interest and fee expense relates to the liability for floating rate notes issued in conjunction with residual interest bond transactions (see Note 1I of the Funds’ audited financial statements).         

(5)

Not annualized.

( 6 )

Annualized.

(7 )

The investment adviser and administrator reimbursed operating expenses (equal to 0.06%, 0.20%, 0.24 % and 0.54 % of average daily net assets for the years ended July 31, 2015, 2014, 2013 and 2012 , respectively).  Absent this reimbursement, total return would be lower.

(8)

For the period from the commencement of operations, August 18, 2014, to July 31, 2015.

( 9 )

For the year ended July 31, 2015.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

65

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016


[combmunipro016.gif]


More Information

About the Funds:  More information is available in the Statement of Additional Information.  The Statement of Additional Information is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus.  Additional information about each Fund’s investments is available in the annual and semiannual reports to shareholders.  In the annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected each Fund’s performance during the past fiscal year.  You may obtain free copies of the Statement of Additional Information and the shareholder reports on Eaton Vance’s website at www.eatonvance.com or by contacting the principal underwriter:

Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc.
Two International Place
Boston, MA  02110
1-800-262-1122
website: www.eatonvance.com

You will find and may copy information about each Fund (including the Statement of Additional Information and shareholder reports):  at the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, DC (call 1-202-551-8090 for information on the operation of the public reference room); on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website (www.sec.gov); or, upon payment of copying fees, by writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549-1520, or by electronic mail at publicinfo@sec.gov.

Shareholder Inquiries:  You can obtain more information from Eaton Vance Shareholder Services or the Fund transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc.  If you own shares and would like to add to, redeem from or change your account, please write or call below:

Regular Mailing Address:
Eaton Vance Funds
P.O. Box 9653
Providence, RI  02940-9653

 

Overnight Mailing Address:
Eaton Vance Funds
4400 Computer Drive
Westborough, MA  01581

 

Phone Number:
1-800-262-1122
Monday – Friday
8:30 a.m. – 5:30 p.m. ET


The Funds' Investment Company Act No. is 811-04409.

 

089 12.1.1 6

© 201 6 Eaton Vance Management




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

66

Prospectus dated December 1, 2016



STATEMENT OF
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
December 1, 2016


Eaton Vance Arizona Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETAZXClass B Shares - EVAZXClass C Shares - ECAZXClass I Shares - EIAZX

Eaton Vance Connecticut Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETCTXClass B Shares - EVCTXClass C Shares - ECCTXClass I Shares - EICTX

Eaton Vance Minnesota Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETMNXClass B Shares - EVMNXClass C Shares - ECMNXClass I Shares - EIMNX

Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund

Class A Shares - EMOAXClass C Shares - EMOCXClass I Shares - EMOIX

Eaton Vance New Jersey Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETNJXClass C Shares - ECNJXClass I Shares - EINJX

Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Municipal Income Fund

Class A Shares - ETPAXClass B Shares - EVPAXClass C Shares - ECPAXClass I Shares - EIPAX


Two International Place
Boston, Massachusetts 02110
1-800-262-1122

This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) provides general information about the Funds. The Funds (except for Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund) are non-diversified, open-end management investment companies. Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund is a diversified open-end management investment company. Each Fund is a series of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust.  Capitalized terms used in this SAI and not otherwise defined have the meanings given to them in the Prospectus.  

This SAI contains additional information about:

 

Page

 

 

Page

Strategies and Risks

2

 

Sales Charges

22

Investment Restrictions

4

 

Performance

23

Management and Organization

6

 

Taxes

25

Investment Advisory and Administrative Services

16

 

Portfolio Securities Transactions

33

Other Service Providers

19

 

Financial Statements

35

Calculation of Net Asset Value

19

 

Additional Information About Investment Strategies

36

Purchasing and Redeeming Shares

20

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Appendix A:  Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership

68

 

Appendix E:  State Specific Information

81

Appendix B:  Class B Fees, Performance and Ownership

72

 

Appendix F:  Ratings  

106

Appendix C:  Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership

74

 

Appendix G:  Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures

115

Appendix D:  Class I Performance and Ownership

78

 

Appendix H:  Adviser Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

117

Although each Fund offers only its shares of beneficial interest, it is possible that a Fund (or Class) might become liable for a misstatement or omission in this SAI regarding another Fund (or Class) because the Funds use this combined SAI.

This SAI is NOT a prospectus and is authorized for distribution to prospective investors only if preceded or accompanied by the Fund Prospectus dated December 1, 2016 , as supplemented from time to time, which is incorporated herein by reference. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus, which may be obtained by calling 1-800-262-1122.

© 2016 Eaton Vance Management



Definitions

The following terms that may be used in this SAI have the meaning set forth below:

1940 Act means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended;

1933 Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;

Board means Board of Trustees or Board of Directors, as applicable;

“CEA” means Commodity Exchange Act;

“CFTC” means the Commodity Futures Trading Commission;

“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;

“Eaton Vance family of funds” means all registered investment companies advised, administered and/or distributed by Eaton Vance or its affiliates;

“Eaton Vance funds” means the mutual funds sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization;

“Exchange” means the New York Stock Exchange;

“FINRA” means the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority;

“Fund” means the Fund or Funds listed on the cover of this SAI unless stated otherwise;

“investment adviser” means the investment adviser identified in the prospectus and, with respect to the implementation of the Fund’s investment strategies (including as described under “Taxes”) and portfolio securities transactions, any sub-adviser identified in the prospectus;

“IRS” means the Internal Revenue Service;

“Portfolio” means a registered investment company (other than the Fund) sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization in which one or more Funds and other investors may invest substantially all or any portion of their assets as described in the prospectus, if applicable;

“Subsidiary” means a wholly-owned subsidiary that certain funds may have established to pursue their investment objective. No Fund described in this SAI has established a Subsidiary;

“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; and

“Trust” means Eaton Vance Municipals Trust, of which each Fund is a series.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

2

SAI dated December 1, 2016


STRATEGIES AND RISKS

The Fund prospectus identifies the types of investments in which the Fund will principally invest in seeking its investment objective(s) and the principal risks associated therewith. The categories checked in the table below are all of the investments the Fund is permitted to make, including its principal investments and the investment practices the Fund (either directly or through one or more Portfolios as may be described in the prospectus) is permitted to engage in. To the extent that an investment type or practice listed below is not identified in the Fund prospectus as a principal investment strategy , the Fund generally expects to invest less than 5% of its total assets in such investment type.  If a particular investment type or practice that is checked and listed below but not referred to in the prospectus becomes a more significant part of the Fund’s strategy, the prospectus may be amended to disclose that investment type or practice.  Information about the various investment types and practices and the associated risks checked below is included in alphabetical order in this SAI under “Additional Information about Investment Strategies.”

Investment Type

Permitted for or Relevant to the Funds

Asset-Backed Securities (“ABS”)

 

Auction Rate Securities

Build America Bonds

Call and Put Features on Securities

Cash Equivalents

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (CMOs)  

 

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMBS)

 

Commodity-Related Investments

 

Common Stocks

 

Contingent Convertible Securities

 

Convertible Securities

 

Credit Linked Securities

Derivative Instruments and Related Risks

Derivative-Linked and Commodity-Linked Hybrid Instruments

 

Direct Investments

 

Emerging Market Investments

 

Equity Investments

 

Equity Linked Securities

 

Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs)

Exchange-Traded Notes (ETNs)

 

Fixed-Income Securities

Foreign Currency Transactions

 

Foreign Investments

 

Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts

 

Forward Rate Agreements

Futures Contracts

High Yield Securities

Hybrid Securities

 

Illiquid Securities

Indexed Securities

 

Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds

Junior Loans

 



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

3

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Investment Type

Permitted for or Relevant to the Funds

Liquidity or Protective Put Agreements

Loans

 

Master Limited Partnerships (MLPs)

 

Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS)

 

Mortgage Dollar Rolls

 

Municipal Lease Obligations (MLOs)

Municipal Obligations

(1) (2)

Option Contracts

Pooled Investment Vehicles

Preferred Stock

 

Real Estate Investments

 

Repurchase Agreements

 

Residual Interest Bonds

Restricted Securities

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

 

Rights and Warrants

 

Royalty Bonds

 


 

Senior Loans

 

Short Sales

 

Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (SMBS)

 

Structured Notes

 

Swap Agreements

Swaptions

 

Trust Certificates

 

U.S. Government Securities

Unlisted Securities

Variable Rate Instruments

When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitments

Zero Coupon Bonds , Deep Discount Bonds and Payment-In-Kind (PIK) Securities


Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices

Permitted for or Relevant to the Funds

Asset Coverage

Average Effective Maturity

 

Borrowing for Investment Purposes

 

Borrowing for Temporary Purposes

Cyber Security Risk

Diversified Status

(3)

Dividend Capture Trading

 



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

4

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Other Disclosures Regarding Investment Practices

Permitted for or Relevant to the Funds

Duration


 

Investing in a Portfolio

 

Investments in the Subsidiary

 

Loan Facility

 

Operational Risk

Option Strategy

 

Participation in the ReFlow Liquidity Program

Portfolio Turnover

Securities Lending

Short-Term Trading

Significant Exposure to Health Sciences Companies

 

Significant Exposure to Smaller Companies

 

Significant Exposure to Utility and Financial Service Companies

 

Tax-Managed Investing

 

(1)

Funds that seek to avoid state income taxes invest a significant portion of their assets in obligations issued by issuers in a particular state. Each Fund, except Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund, also may invest a total of up to 35% of its net assets in the obligations of Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam and invest to a more limited extent in obligations issued by the N. Mariana Territories and American Samoa. The risks associated with investing in municipal obligations of issuers of a particular state or U.S. territory are described under “Risks of Concentration” in an appendix to this SAI.

(2)

As stated in the prospectus, the Fund has policies relating to the investment of securities in certain credit rating categories. The Fund may retain an obligation whose rating drops after its acquisition, including defaulted obligations, if such retention is considered desirable by the investment adviser .

(3)

Only applies to Municipal Opportunities Fund.

INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS

The following investment restrictions of each Fund are designated as fundamental policies and as such cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of a Fund’s outstanding voting securities, which as used in this SAI means the lesser of:  (a) 67% of the shares of a Fund present or represented by proxy at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present or represented at the meeting; or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a Fund.  Accordingly, each Fund may not:

The following applies to all Funds except Municipal Opportunities Fund:

(1)

Borrow money or issue senior securities except as permitted by the 1940 Act;

(2)

Purchase securities on margin (but the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities). The deposit or payment by the Fund of initial or maintenance margin in connection with futures contracts or related options transactions is not considered the purchase of a security on margin;

(3)

Underwrite or participate in the marketing of securities of others, except insofar as it may technically be deemed to be an underwriter in selling a portfolio security under circumstances which may require the registration of the same under the 1933 Act;

(4)

Purchase or sell real estate (including limited partnership interests in real estate but excluding readily marketable interests in real estate investment trusts or readily marketable securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate or securities which are secured by real estate);

(5)

Purchase or sell physical commodities or contracts for the purchase or sale of physical commodities; or

(6)

Make loans to any person except by (a) the acquisition of debt instruments and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements and (c) lending portfolio securities.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

5

SAI dated December 1, 2016


The following applies to Municipal Opportunities Fund only:

(1)

Borrow money or issue senior securities except as permitted by the 1940 Act;

(2)

Purchase any securities on margin (but the Fund and the Portfolio may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities).  The deposit or payment by the Fund of initial, maintenance or variation margin in connection with all types of options and futures contract transactions is not considered the purchase of a security on margin;

(3)

Underwrite or participate in the marketing of securities of others, except insofar as it may technically be deemed to be an underwriter in selling a portfolio security under circumstances which may require the registration of the same under the Securities Act of 1933;

(4)

Purchase or sell real estate, although it may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate;

(5)

Make loans to other persons, except by (a) the acquisition of debt securities and making portfolio investments, (b) entering into repurchase agreements (c) lending portfolio securities and (d) lending cash consistent with applicable law;

(6)

With respect to 75% of its total assets, invest more than 5% of its total assets (taken at current value) in the securities of any one issuer, or invest in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer, except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and except securities of other investment companies; or

(7)

Concentrate its investments in any particular industry, but, if deemed appropriate for the Fund’s objective, up to (but less than) 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities of companies in any one industry (although more than 25% may be invested in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities).

In addition, the Fund may:

(8)

Purchase and sell commodities and commodities contracts of all types and kinds (including without limitation futures contracts, options on futures contracts and other commodities-related investments) to the extent permitted by law.

Each Fund’s borrowing policy is consistent with Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act, which states that it shall be unlawful for any registered open-end company to issue any class of senior security or to sell any senior security of which it is the issuer, except that any such registered company shall be permitted to borrow from any bank; provided, that immediately after any such borrowing there is an asset coverage of at least 300% for all borrowings of such registered company; and provided further, that in the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300% such registered company shall, within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays) or such longer period as the SEC may prescribe by rules and regulations, reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowings shall be at least 300%.

Notwithstanding its investment policies and restrictions, each Fund may, in compliance with the requirements of the 1940 Act, invest: (i) all of its investable assets in an open-end management investment company with substantially the same investment objective(s), policies and restrictions as the Fund; or (ii) in more than one open-end management investment company sponsored by Eaton Vance or its affiliates, provided any such company has investment objective(s), policies and restrictions that are consistent with those of the Fund.

In addition, to the extent a registered open-end investment company acquires securities of a portfolio in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act, such portfolio shall not acquire any securities of a registered open-end investment company in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(G) under the 1940 Act.

The following nonfundamental investment policies have been adopted by each Fund.  A nonfundamental investment policy may be changed by the Board with respect to a Fund without approval by the Fund’s shareholders.  Each Fund will not:

·

make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, unless at all times when a short position is open (i) it owns an equal amount of such securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable, without payment of any further consideration, for securities of the same issue as, and equal in amount to, the securities sold short or (ii) it holds in a segregated account cash or other liquid securities (to the extent required under the 1940 Act) in an amount equal to the current market value of the securities sold short, and unless not more than 25% of its net assets (taken at current value) is held as collateral for such sales at any one time; or



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

6

SAI dated December 1, 2016



·

invest more than 15% of net assets in investments which are not readily marketable, including restricted securities and repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days.  Restricted securities for the purposes of this limitation do not include securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act and commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of said Act that the members of the Board, or their delegate, determines to be liquid.  Any such determination by a delegate will be made pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board.  When investing in Rule 144A securities, the level of portfolio illiquidity may be increased to the extent that eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities.

Each Fund will not invest 25% or more of its total assets in any one industry.  For purposes of the foregoing policy, securities of the U.S. Government, its agencies, or instrumentalities are not considered to represent industries.  Municipal obligations backed by the credit of a governmental entity are also not considered to represent industries.  However, municipal obligations backed only by the assets and revenues of non-governmental users may for this purpose be deemed to be issued by such non-governmental users.  The foregoing 25% limitation would apply to these issuers. As discussed in the Prospectus and this SAI, a Fund may invest more than 25% of its total assets in certain economic sectors, such as revenue bonds, housing, hospitals and other health care facilities, utilities and industrial development bonds.   

For purposes of a Fund’s investment restrictions and diversification status, the determination of the “issuer” of any obligation, including residual interest bonds, will be made by the Fund’s investment adviser on the basis of the characteristics of the obligation and other relevant factors, the most significant of which is the source of funds committed to meeting interest and principal payments of such obligations. A Fund's investments in residual interest bonds and similar securities described in the Prospectus and this SAI will not be considered borrowing for purposes of a Fund's restrictions on borrowing described herein and in the Prospectus.

Whenever an investment policy or investment restriction set forth in the Prospectus or this SAI states a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or describes a policy regarding quality standards, such percentage limitation or standard shall be determined immediately after and as a result of the acquisition by a Fund of such security or asset.  Accordingly, unless otherwise noted, any later increase or decrease resulting from a change in values, assets or other circumstances or any subsequent rating change made by a rating service (or as determined by the investment adviser if the security is not rated by a rating agency), will not compel a Fund to dispose of such security or other asset.  However, a Fund must always be in compliance with the borrowing policy and limitation on investing in illiquid securities set forth above.  If a sale of securities is required to comply with the 15% limit on illiquid securities, such sales will be made in an orderly manner with consideration of the best interests of shareholders.

MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION

Fund Management.  The Trustees of the Trust are responsible for the overall management and supervision of the affairs of the Trust.  The Board members and officers of the Trust are listed below.  Except as indicated, each individual has held the office shown or other offices in the same company for the last five years.  Board members and officers of the Trust hold indefinite terms of office.  The “noninterested Trustees” consist of those Trustees who are not “interested persons” of the Trust, as that term is defined under the 1940 Act.  The business address of each Board member and officer is Two International Place, Boston, Massachusetts 02110.  As used in this SAI, “EVC” refers to Eaton Vance Corp., “EV” refers to Eaton Vance, Inc., “Eaton Vance” refers to Eaton Vance Management , “EVMI” refers to Eaton Vance Management (International) Limited and “EVD” refers to Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (see “Principal Underwriter” under “Other Service Providers”).  EVC and EV are the corporate parent and trustee, respectively, of Eaton Vance and BMR.   EVMI is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC.  Each officer affiliated with Eaton Vance may hold a position with other Eaton Vance affiliates that is comparable to his or her position with Eaton Vance listed below.

Name and Year of Birth

 

Trust Position(s)

 

Term of Office and
Length of Service

 

Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
and Other Relevant Experience

 

Number of Portfolios
in Fund Complex
Overseen By
Trustee(1)

 

Other Directorships Held
During Last Five Years(2)

Interested Trustee

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

THOMAS E. FAUST JR.
1958

 

Trustee

 

Since 2007

 

Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD and EVMI .  Trustee and/or officer of 176 registered investment companies. Mr. Faust is an interested person because of his positions with BMR, Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD , EVMI and EV, which are affiliates of the Trust.

 

176

 

Director of EVC and Hexavest Inc. (investment management firm).



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

7

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Name and Year of Birth

 

Trust Position(s)

 

Term of Office and
Length of Service

 

Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
and Other Relevant Experience

 

Number of Portfolios
in Fund Complex
Overseen By
Trustee(1)

 

Other Directorships Held
During Last Five Years(2)

Noninterested Trustees

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SCOTT E. ESTON
1956

 

Trustee

 

Since 2011

 

Private investor. Formerly held various positions at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co., LLC (investment management firm) (1997-2009), including Chief Operating Officer (2002-2009), Chief Financial Officer (1997-2009) and Chairman of the Executive Committee (2002-2008); President and Principal Executive Officer, GMO Trust (open-end registered investment company) (2006-2009). Former Partner, Coopers and Lybrand LLP (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) ( a registered public accounting firm) (1987-1997).  Mr. Eston has apprised the Board of Trustees that he intends to retire as a Trustee of all Eaton Vance funds effective September 30, 2017.

 

176

 

None

MARK R. FETTING
1954

 

Trustee

 

Since 2016

 

Private investor.  Formerly held various positions at Legg Mason, Inc. (investment management firm) (2000-2012), including President, Chief Executive Officer, Director and Chairman (2008-2012), Senior Executive Vice President (2004-2008) and Executive Vice President (2001-2004).  Formerly, President of Legg Mason family of funds (2001-2008).  Formerly, Division President and Senior Officer of Prudential Financial Group, Inc. and related companies (investment management firm) (1991-2000).

 

176

 

Formerly, Director and Chairman of Legg Mason, Inc. (2008-2012); Director/Trustee and Chairman of Legg Mason family of funds (14 funds) (2008-2012); and Director/Trustee of the Royce family of funds (35 funds) (2001-2012).

CYNTHIA E. FROST
1961

 

Trustee

 

Since 2014

 

Private investor.  Formerly, Chief Investment Officer of Brown University (university endowment) (2000-2012); Portfolio Strategist for Duke Management Company (university endowment manager) (1995-2000); Managing Director, Cambridge Associates ( investment consulting company) ( 1989-1995); Consultant, Bain and Company ( management consulting firm) ( 1987-1989); Senior Equity Analyst, BA Investment Management Company (1983-1985).

 

176

 

None

GEORGE J. GORMAN
1952

 

Trustee

 

Since 2014

 

Principal at George J. Gorman LLC (consulting firm). Formerly, Senior Partner at Ernst & Young LLP ( a registered public accounting firm) (1974-2009).

 

176

 

Formerly, Trustee of the BofA Funds Series Trust ( 11 funds) ( 2011-2014) and of the Ashmore Funds ( 9 funds) ( 2010-2014).

VALERIE A. MOSLEY
1960

 

Trustee

 

Since 2014

 

Chairwoman and Chief Executive Officer of Valmo Ventures (a consulting and investment firm).  Former Partner and Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist at Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1992-2012).  Former Chief Investment Officer, PG Corbin Asset Management (1990-1992).  Formerly worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody (1986-1990).

 

176

 

Director of Dynex Capital, Inc. (mortgage REIT) (since 2013).



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

8

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Name and Year of Birth

 

Trust Position(s)

 

Term of Office and
Length of Service

 

Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
and Other Relevant Experience

 

Number of Portfolios
in Fund Complex
Overseen By
Trustee(1)

 

Other Directorships Held
During Last Five Years(2)

WILLIAM H. PARK
1947

 

Chairperson of the Board and Trustee

 

Chairperson of the Board since 2016 and Trustee since 2003

 

Private investor. Formerly, Consultant ( management and transactional) ( 2012-2014). Formerly, Chief Financial Officer, Aveon Group, L.P. (investment management firm) (2010-2011). Formerly, Vice Chairman, Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. (specialty finance company) (2006-2010). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, Prizm Capital Management, LLC (investment management firm) (2002-2005). Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, United Asset Management Corporation (investment management firm) (1982-2001). Formerly, Senior Manager, Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) ( a registered public accounting firm) (1972-1981).

 

176

 

None

HELEN FRAME PETERS
1948

 

Trustee

 

Since 2008

 

Professor of Finance, Carroll School of Management, Boston College. Formerly, Dean, Carroll School of Management, Boston College (2000-2002). Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income, Scudder Kemper Investments (investment management firm) (1998-1999).  Formerly, Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income, Colonial Management Associates (investment management firm) (1991-1998).

 

176

 

Formerly, Director of BJ’s Wholesale Club, Inc. (wholesale club retailer) (2004-2011). Formerly, Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust (exchange traded funds) (2000-2009). Formerly, Director of Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (a bank for banks) (2007-2009).

SUSAN J. SUTHERLAND
1957

 

Trustee

 

Since 2015

 

Private investor. Formerly, Associate, Counsel and Partner at Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (law firm) (1982-2013).

 

176

 

Formerly, Director of Montpelier Re Holdings Ltd. (global provider of customized insurance and reinsurance products) (2013-2015).

HARRIETT TEE TAGGART
1948

 

Trustee

 

Since 2011

 

Managing Director, Taggart Associates (a professional practice firm). Formerly, Partner and Senior Vice President, Wellington Management Company, LLP (investment management firm) (1983-2006).

 

176

 

Director of Albemarle Corporation (chemicals manufacturer) (since 2007) and The Hanover Group (specialty property and casualty insurance company) (since 2009). Formerly, Director of Lubrizol Corporation (specialty chemicals) (2007-2011).

RALPH F. VERNI
1943

 

Trustee

 

Since 2005

 

Consultant and private investor. Formerly, Chief Investment Officer (1982-1992), Chief Financial Officer (1988-1990) and Director (1982-1992), New England Life.  Formerly, Chairperson, New England Mutual Funds (1982-1992). Formerly, President and Chief Executive Officer, State Street Management & Research (1992-2000). Formerly, Chairperson, State Street Research Mutual Funds (1992-2000). Formerly, Director, W.P. Carey, LLC (1998-2004) and First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. (financial services cooperative) (2002-2006).  Consistent with the Trustee retirement policy, Mr. Verni is currently expected to retire as a Trustee of all Eaton Vance funds effective July 1, 2017.

 

176

 

None



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

9

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Name and Year of Birth

 

Trust Position(s)

 

Term of Office and
Length of Service

 

Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years
and Other Relevant Experience

 

Number of Portfolios
in Fund Complex
Overseen By
Trustee(1)

 

Other Directorships Held
During Last Five Years(2)

SCOTT E. WENNERHOLM
1959

 

Trustee

 

Since 2016

 

Consultant at GF Parish Group (executive recruiting firm). Trustee at Wheelock College (postsecondary institution) (since 2012). Formerly, Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President at BNY Mellon Asset Management (investment management firm) (2005-2011).  Formerly, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer at Natixis Global Asset Management (investment management firm) (1997-2004).  Formerly, Vice President at Fidelity Investments Institutional Services (investment management firm) (1994-1997).

 

176

 

None

(1)

Includes both master and feeder funds in a master-feeder structure.

(2)

During their respective tenures, the Trustees (except for Mmes. Frost and Sutherland and Messrs. Fetting, Gorman and Wennerholm ) also served as Board members of one or more of the following funds (which operated in the years noted): eUnitsTM 2 Year U.S. Market Participation Trust:  Upside to Cap / Buffered Downside (launched in 2012 and terminated in 2014); eUnitsTM 2 Year U.S. Market Participation Trust II:  Upside to Cap / Buffered Downside (launched in 2012 and terminated in 2014); and Eaton Vance National Municipal Income Trust (launched in 1998 and terminated in 2009).  However, Ms. Mosley did not serve as a Board member of eUnitsTM 2 Year U.S. Market Participation Trust:  Upside to Cap / Buffered Downside (launched in 2012 and terminated in 2014).

Principal Officers who are not Trustees

Name and Year of Birth

 

Trust Position(s)

 

Term of Office and
Length of Service

 

Principal Occupation(s) During Past Five Years

PAYSON F. SWAFFIELD
1956

 

President

 

Since 2014

 

Vice President and Chief Income Investment Officer of Eaton Vance and BMR.  Officer of 145 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR.

MAUREEN A. GEMMA
1960

 

Vice President, Secretary and Chief Legal Officer

 

Vice President since 2011, Secretary since 2007 and Chief Legal Officer since 2008

 

Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.  Officer of 176 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR.

JAMES F. KIRCHNER
1967

 

Treasurer

 

Since 2013

 

Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.  Officer of 176 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR.

PAUL M. O’NEIL
1953

 

Chief Compliance Officer

 

Since 2004

 

Vice President of Eaton Vance and BMR.  Officer of 176 registered investment companies managed by Eaton Vance or BMR.

The Board has general oversight responsibility with respect to the business and affairs of the Trust and each Fund. The Board has engaged an investment adviser and (if applicable) a sub-adviser (collectively the “adviser”) to manage each Fund and an administrator to administer each Fund and is responsible for overseeing such adviser and administrator and other service providers to the Trust and each Fund. The Board is currently composed of twelve Trustees, including eleven Trustees who are not “interested persons” of a Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (each a “noninterested Trustee”). In addition to six regularly scheduled meetings per year, the Board holds special meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may require action prior to the next regular meeting. As discussed below, the Board has established five committees to assist the Board in performing its oversight responsibilities.

The Board has appointed a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Chairperson. The Chairperson’s primary role is to participate in the preparation of the agenda for meetings of the Board and the identification of information to be presented to the Board with respect to matters to be acted upon by the Board. The Chairperson also presides at all meetings of the Board and acts as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Board members generally between meetings. The Chairperson may perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. In addition, the Board may appoint a noninterested Trustee to serve in the role of Vice-Chairperson.  The Vice-Chairperson has the power and authority to perform any or all of the duties and responsibilities of the Chairperson in the absence of the Chairperson and/or as requested by the Chairperson.   Except for any duties specified herein or pursuant to the Trust’s Declaration of Trust or By-laws, the designation of Chairperson or Vice- Chairperson does not impose on such noninterested Trustee any duties, obligations or liability that is greater than the duties, obligations or liability imposed on such person as a member of the Board, generally.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

10

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Each Fund and the Trust are subject to a number of risks, including, among others, investment, compliance, operational, and valuation risks. Risk oversight is part of the Board’s general oversight of each Fund and the Trust and is addressed as part of various activities of the Board and its Committees. As part of its oversight of each Fund and the Trust, the Board directly, or through a Committee, relies on and reviews reports from, among others, Fund management, the adviser, the administrator, the principal underwriter, the Chief Compliance Officer (the “CCO”), and other Fund service providers responsible for day-to-day oversight of Fund investments, operations and compliance to assist the Board in identifying and understanding the nature and extent of risks and determining whether, and to what extent, such risks can or should be mitigated. The Board also interacts with the CCO and with senior personnel of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and other Fund service providers and provides input on risk management issues during meetings of the Board and its Committees. Each of the adviser, administrator, principal underwriter and the other Fund  service providers has its own, independent interest and responsibilities in risk management, and its policies and methods for carrying out risk management functions will depend, in part, on its individual priorities, resources and controls. It is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect a Fund or to develop processes and controls to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects. Moreover, it is necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve each Fund’s goals.

The Board, with the assistance of management and with input from the Board's various committees, reviews investment policies and risks in connection with its review of Fund performance. The Board has appointed a Fund CCO who oversees the implementation and testing of the Fund compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Funds and their principal service providers. In addition, as part of the Board’s periodic review of the advisory, subadvisory (if applicable), distribution and other service provider agreements, the Board may consider risk management aspects of their operations and the functions for which they are responsible. With respect to valuation, the Board approves and periodically reviews valuation policies and procedures applicable to valuing each Fund’s shares. The administrator, the investment adviser and the sub-adviser (if applicable) are responsible for the implementation and day-to-day administration of these valuation policies and procedures and provides reports  to the Audit Committee of the Board and the Board regarding these and related matters. In addition, the Audit Committee of the Board or the Board receives reports periodically from the independent public accounting firm for the Funds regarding tests performed by such firm on the valuation of all securities, as well as with respect to other risks associated with mutual funds. Reports received from service providers, legal counsel and the independent public accounting firm assist the Board in performing its oversight function.

The Trust’s Declaration of Trust does not set forth any specific qualifications to serve as a Trustee.  The Charter of the Governance Committee also does not set forth any specific qualifications, but does set forth certain factors that the Committee may take into account in considering noninterested Trustee candidates.  In general, no one factor is decisive in the selection of an individual to join the Board. Among the factors the Board considers when concluding that an individual should serve on the Board are the following: (i) knowledge in matters relating to the mutual fund industry; (ii) experience as a director or senior officer of public companies; (iii) educational background; (iv) reputation for high ethical standards and professional integrity; (v) specific financial, technical or other expertise, and the extent to which such expertise would complement the Board members’ existing mix of skills, core competencies and qualifications; (vi) perceived ability to contribute to the ongoing functions of the Board, including the ability and commitment to attend meetings regularly and work collaboratively with other members of the Board; (vii) the ability to qualify as a noninterested Trustee for purposes of the 1940 Act and any other actual or potential conflicts of interest involving the individual and the Fund; and (viii) such other factors as the Board determines to be relevant in light of the existing composition of the Board.

Among the attributes or skills common to all Board members are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the other members of the Board, management, sub-advisers, other service providers, counsel and independent registered public accounting firms, and to exercise effective and independent business judgment in the performance of their duties as members of the Board.  Each Board member’s ability to perform his or her duties effectively has been attained through the Board member’s business, consulting, public service and/or academic positions and through experience from service as a member of the Boards of the Eaton Vance family of funds (“Eaton Vance Fund Boards”) (and/or in other capacities, including for any predecessor funds), public companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations as set forth below.  Each Board member’s ability to perform his or her duties effectively also has been enhanced by his or her educational background, professional training, and/or other life experiences.

In respect of each current member of the Board, the individual’s substantial professional accomplishments and experience, including in fields related to the operations of registered investment companies, were a significant factor in the determination that the individual should serve as a member of the Board.  The following is a summary of each Board member’s particular professional experience and additional considerations that contributed to the Board’s conclusion that he or she should serve as a member of the Board:



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

11

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Scott E. Eston. Mr. Eston has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011 and is the Chairperson of the Contract Review Committee. He currently serves on the board and on the investment committee of Michigan State University Foundation, and on the investment advisory sub-committee of Michigan State University. From 1997 through 2009, Mr. Eston served in several capacities at Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo and Co. (“GMO”), including as Chairman of the Executive Committee and Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and also as the President and Principal Executive officer of GMO Trust, an affiliated open-end registered investment company. From 1978 through 1997, Mr. Eston was employed at Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) (since 1987 as a Partner).

Thomas E. Faust Jr.  Mr. Faust has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2007.  He is currently Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of EVC, Director and President of EV, Chief Executive Officer and President of Eaton Vance and BMR, and Director of EVD and EVMI .  Mr. Faust has served as a Director of Hexavest Inc. since 2012 and of SigFig Wealth Management LLC since 2016 .  Mr. Faust previously served as an equity analyst, portfolio manager, Director of Equity Research and Management and Chief Investment Officer of Eaton Vance (1985-2007).  He holds B.S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering and Economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and an MBA from Harvard Business School.  Mr. Faust has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1988.

Mark R. Fetting. Mr. Fetting has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since September 1, 2016.  He has over 30 years of experience in the investment management industry as an executive and in various leadership roles.  From 2000 through 2012, Mr. Fetting served in several capacities at Legg Mason, Inc., including most recently serving as President, Chief Executive Officer, Director and Chairman from 2008 to his retirement in 2012.  He also served as a Director/Trustee and Chairman of the Legg Mason family of funds (2008-2012) and Director/Trustee of the Royce family of funds (2001-2012).  From 2001 through 2008, Mr. Fetting also served as President of the Legg Mason family of funds.  From 1991 through 2000, Mr. Fetting served as Division President and Senior Officer of Prudential Financial Group, Inc. and related companies.  Early in his professional career, Mr. Fetting was a Vice President at T. Rowe Price and served in leadership roles within the firm’s mutual fund division from 1981 through 1987.

Cynthia E. Frost. Ms. Frost has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2014.  From 2000 through 2012, Ms. Frost was the Chief Investment Officer of Brown University, where she oversaw the evaluation, selection and monitoring of the third party investment managers who managed the university’s endowment.  From 1995-2000, Ms. Frost was a Portfolio Strategist for Duke Management Company, which oversaw Duke University’s endowment.  Ms. Frost also served in various investment and consulting roles at Cambridge Associates (1989-1995), Bain and Company (1987-1989) and BA Investment Management Company (1983-1985). She serves as a member of an advisory board of Creciente Partners Investment Management, LLC, a manager of a multi-manager hedge fund, and has additional experience as a member of the investment committee of several non-profit organizations.

George J. Gorman.  Mr. Gorman has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2014 and is the Chairperson of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee.  From 1974 through 2009, Mr. Gorman served in various capacities at Ernst & Young LLP, including as a Senior Partner in the Asset Management Group (from  1988) specializing in managing engagement teams responsible for auditing mutual funds registered with the SEC, hedge funds and private equity funds.  Mr. Gorman also has experience serving as an independent trustee of other mutual fund complexes, including the Bank of America Money Market Funds Series Trust (2011-2014) and the Ashmore Funds (2010-2014).

Valerie A. Mosley.  Ms. Mosley has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2014.  She currently owns and manages a consulting and investment firm, Valmo Ventures and is a Director of Progress Investment Management Company, a manager of emerging managers.  From 1992 through 2012, Ms. Mosley served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President, Portfolio Manager and Investment Strategist.  Ms. Mosley also served as Chief Investment Officer at PG Corbin Asset Management from 1990-1992 and worked in institutional corporate bond sales at Kidder Peabody from 1986-1990.  Ms. Mosley is a Director of Dynex Capital, Inc., a mortgage REIT, where she serves on the board’s audit and investment committees.  She also serves as a trustee or board member of several major non-profit organizations and endowments, including Mass Ventures, a quasi-public early-stage investment corporation active in Massachusetts, and New Profit, a non-profit venture philanthropy fund.  She is a member of the Risk Audit Committee of the United Auto Workers Retiree Medical Benefits Trust and a member of the Investment Advisory Committee of New York State Common Retirement Fund.

William H. Park.  Mr. Park has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2003 and is the Independent Chairperson of the Board.  Mr. Park was formerly a consultant from 2012-2014 and formerly the Chief Financial Officer of Aveon Group, L.P. from 2010-2011. Mr. Park also served as Vice Chairman of Commercial Industrial Finance Corp. from 2006-2010, as President and Chief Executive Officer of Prizm Capital Management, LLC from 2002-2005, as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of United Asset Management Corporation from 1982-2001 and as Senior Manager of Price Waterhouse (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) from 1972-1981.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

12

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Helen Frame Peters.  Ms. Peters has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2008 and is the Chairperson of the Portfolio Management Committee.  Ms. Peters is currently a Professor of Finance at Carroll School of Management, Boston College and was formerly Dean of Carroll School of Management from 2000-2002. Ms. Peters was previously a Director of BJ’s Wholesale Club, Inc. from 2004-2011.  In addition, Ms. Peters was the Chief Investment Officer, Fixed Income at Scudder Kemper Investments from 1998-1999 and Chief Investment Officer, Equity and Fixed Income at Colonial Management Associates from 1991-1998.  Ms. Peters also served as a Trustee of SPDR Index Shares Funds and SPDR Series Trust from 2000-2009 and as a Director of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston from 2007-2009.

Susan J. Sutherland.  Ms. Sutherland has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2015.  Ms. Sutherland also serves as a director of Hagerty Holding Corp., a leading provider of specialized automobile and marine insurance.  Ms. Sutherland was a Director of Montpelier Re Holdings Ltd., a global provider of customized reinsurance and insurance products, from 2013 until its sale in 2015.  From 1982 through 2013, Ms. Sutherland was an associate, counsel and then a partner in the Financial Institutions Group of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, where she primarily represented U.S. and international insurance and reinsurance companies, investment banks and private equity firms in insurance-related corporate transactions.  In addition, Ms. Sutherland is qualified as a Governance Fellow of the National Association of Corporate Directors and has also served as a board member of prominent non-profit organizations.

Harriett Tee Taggart. Ms. Taggart has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2011 and is the Chairperson of the Governance Committee. Ms. Taggart currently manages a professional practice, Taggart Associates. Since 2007, Ms. Taggart has been a Director of Albemarle Corporation, a specialty chemical company where she serves as a member of the Executive Compensation Committee. Since 2009 she has served as a Director of the Hanover Insurance Group, Inc. where she serves as Chair of the Nomination and Governance Committee.  Ms. Taggart is also a trustee or member of several major non-profit boards, advisory committees and endowment investment companies. From 1983 through 2006, Ms. Taggart served in several capacities at Wellington Management Company, LLP, an investment management firm, including as a Partner, Senior Vice President and chemical industry sector portfolio manager. Ms. Taggart also served as a Director of the Lubrizol Corporation, a specialty chemicals manufacturer from 2007-2011.

Ralph F. Verni.  Mr. Verni has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since 2005 and is the Chairperson of the Audit Committee.  Mr. Verni was formerly the Chief Investment Officer from 1982-1992 , Chief Financial Officer from 1988-1990 and Director from 1982-1992 of New England Life.  Mr. Verni was also the Chairperson of the New England Mutual Funds from 1982-1992; President and Chief Executive Officer of State Street Management & Research from 1992-2000; Chairperson of the State Street Research Mutual Funds from 1992-2000; Director of W.P. Carey, LLC from 1998-2004; and Director of First Pioneer Farm Credit Corp. from 2002-2006.  Mr. Verni has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1977.

Scott E. Wennerholm. Mr. Wennerholm has served as a member of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards since September 1, 2016.  He has over 30 years of experience in the financial services industry in various leadership and executive roles.  Mr. Wennerholm served as Chief Operating Officer and Executive Vice President at BNY Mellon Asset Management from 2005-2011.  He also served as Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer at Natixis Global Asset Management from 1997-2004 and was a Vice President at Fidelity Investments Institutional Services from 1994-1997.  Mr. Wennerholm currently serves as a Trustee at Wheelock College, a postsecondary institution.

The Board of the Trust has several standing Committees, including the Governance Committee, the Audit Committee, the Portfolio Management Committee, the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee and the Contract Review Committee.  Each of the Committees are comprised of only noninterested Trustees.

Mmes. Taggart (Chairperson), Frost, Mosley, Peters and Sutherland, and Messrs. Eston, Fetting, Gorman, Park , Verni and Wennerholm are members of the Governance Committee.  The purpose of the Governance Committee is to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board with respect to the structure, membership and operation of the Board and the Committees thereof, including the nomination and selection of noninterested Trustees and a Chairperson of the Board and the compensation of such persons.  During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the Governance Committee convened five times.

The Governance Committee will, when a vacancy exists, consider a nominee for Trustee recommended by a shareholder, provided that such recommendation is submitted in writing to the Fund’s Secretary at the principal executive office of the Fund. Such recommendations must be accompanied by biographical and occupational data on the candidate (including whether the candidate would be an “interested person” of the Fund), a written consent by the candidate to be named as a nominee and to serve as Trustee if elected, record and ownership information for the recommending shareholder with respect to the Fund, and a description of any arrangements or understandings regarding recommendation of the candidate for consideration.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

13

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Messrs. Verni (Chairperson), Eston , Gorman, Park and Wennerholm are members of the Audit Committee.  The Board has designated Mr. Park, a noninterested Trustee, as audit committee financial expert.  The Audit Committee’s purposes are to (i) oversee each Fund's accounting and financial reporting processes, its internal control over financial reporting, and, as appropriate, the internal control over financial reporting of certain service providers; (ii) oversee or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of the quality and integrity of each Fund's financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, each Fund's compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to each Fund's accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement and, when appropriate, replacement of the independent registered public accounting firm, and, if applicable, nominate the independent registered public accounting firm to be proposed for shareholder ratification in any proxy statement of a Fund; (v) evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm and the audit partner in charge of leading the audit; and (vi) prepare, as necessary, audit committee reports consistent with the requirements of applicable SEC and stock exchange rules for inclusion in the proxy statement of a Fund.  During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the Audit Committee convened fifteen times.

Messrs. Eston (Chairperson), Fetting, Gorman, Park and Wennerholm , and Mmes. Frost, Mosley, Peters, Sutherland and Taggart are members of the Contract Review Committee.  The purposes of the Contract Review Committee are to consider, evaluate and make recommendations to the Board concerning the following matters: (i) contractual arrangements with each service provider to the Funds, including advisory, sub-advisory, transfer agency, custodial and fund accounting, distribution services and administrative services; (ii) any and all other matters in which any service provider (including Eaton Vance or any affiliated entity thereof) has an actual or potential conflict of interest with the interests of the Funds or investors therein; and (iii) any other matter appropriate for review by the noninterested Trustees, unless the matter is within the responsibilities of the other Committees of the Board.  During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the Contract Review Committee convened seven times.

Mmes. Peters (Chairperson), Frost, Mosley and Taggart and Mr. Fetting are members of the Portfolio Management Committee. The purposes of the Portfolio Management Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight of the portfolio management process employed by the Funds and their investment adviser and sub-adviser(s), if applicable, relative to the Funds’ stated objective(s), strategies and restrictions; (ii) assist the Board in its oversight of the trading policies and procedures and risk management techniques applicable to the Funds; and (iii) assist the Board in its monitoring of the performance results of all funds and portfolios, giving special attention to the performance of certain funds and portfolios that it or the Board identifies from time to time. During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the Portfolio Management Committee convened nine times.

Messrs. Gorman (Chairperson ), Eston, Verni and Wennerholm, and Ms. Sutherland are members of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee. The purposes of the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee are to: (i) assist the Board in its oversight role with respect to compliance issues and certain other regulatory matters affecting the Funds; (ii) serve as a liaison between the Board and the Funds’ CCO; and (iii) serve as a “qualified legal compliance committee” within the rules promulgated by the SEC.  During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the Compliance Reports and Regulatory Matters Committee convened eleven times.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

14

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Share Ownership.  The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in each Fund and in the Eaton Vance family of funds overseen by the Trustee as of December 31, 2015 .  

Dollar Range of Equity Securities Beneficially Owned by

Fund Name

Scott E.
Eston(2)

Thomas E.
Faust Jr.(1)

Mark R.
Fetting (2)(3)

Cynthia E.
Frost(2)

George J.
Gorman(2)

Valerie A.
Mosley(2)

William H.
Park(2)

Helen Frame
Peters(2)

Susan J. Sutherland(2)

Harriett Tee
Taggart(2)

Ralph F.
Verni(2)

Scott E. Wennerholm (2)(3)

Arizona Fund

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

Connecticut Fund

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

Minnesota Fund

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

Municipal Opportunities Fund

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

$10,001-
$50,000

None

None

None

New Jersey Fund

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

Pennsylvania Fund

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

None

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities Beneficially Owned in all Registered Funds Overseen by Trustee in the Eaton Vance Family of Funds

Over
$100,000

Over
$100,000

None

Over
$100,000(4)

Over
$100,000

Over
$100,000

Over
$100,000

Over
$100,000

Over
$100,000(4)

Over
$100,000

Over
$100,000

None

(1)

Interested Trustee.

(2)

Noninterested Trustees.

(3)

Ms. Sutherland began serving as a Trustee effective May 1, 2015.  Messrs. Fetting and Wennerholm began serving as Trustees effective September 1, 2016.

(4)

Includes shares which may be deemed to be beneficially owned through the Trustee Deferred Compensation Plan.

As of December 31, 2015 , no noninterested Trustee or any of their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any class of securities of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD.

During the calendar years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015 , no noninterested Trustee (or their immediate family members) had:

(1)

Any direct or indirect interest in Eaton Vance, EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD;

(2)

Any direct or indirect material interest in any transaction or series of similar transactions with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above; or

(3)

Any direct or indirect relationship with (i) the Trust or any Fund; (ii) another fund managed by EVC, distributed by EVD or a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; (iii) EVC or EVD; (iv) a person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD; or (v) an officer of any of the above.

During the calendar years ended December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2015 , no officer of EVC, EVD or any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with EVC or EVD served on the Board of Directors of a company where a noninterested Trustee of the Trust or any of their immediate family members served as an officer.

Noninterested Trustees may elect to defer receipt of all or a percentage of their annual fees in accordance with the terms of a Trustees Deferred Compensation Plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”).  Under the Deferred Compensation Plan, an eligible Board member may elect to have his or her deferred fees invested in the shares of one or more funds in the Eaton Vance family of funds, and the amount paid to the Board members under the Deferred Compensation Plan will be determined based upon the performance of such investments.  Deferral of Board members’ fees in accordance with the Deferred Compensation Plan will have a negligible effect on the assets, liabilities, and net income of a participating fund or portfolio, and do not require that a participating Board member be retained.  There is no retirement plan for Board members.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

15

SAI dated December 1, 2016


The fees and expenses of the Trustees of the Trust are paid by the Funds (and other series of the Trust). (A Board member who is a member of the Eaton Vance organization receives no compensation from the Trust.) During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the Trustees of the Trust earned the following compensation in their capacities as Board members from the Trust.  For the year ended December 31, 2015 , the Board members earned the following compensation in their capacities as members of the Eaton Vance Fund Boards(1):

Source of Compensation

Scott E.
Eston

Mark R. Fetting

Cynthia E.
Frost

George J.
Gorman

Valerie A.
Mosley

William H.
Park

Helen Frame Peters

Susan J. Sutherland

Harriett Tee
Taggart

Ralph F.
Verni

Scott E. Wennerholm

Trust(2)

$25,450

$23,101

$23,101

$25,450

$23,884

$27,403

$25,450

$23,101

$25,450

$30,937

$23,101

Trust and Fund Complex(1)

$312,083

$290,000

$290,000 (3)

$297,500

$300,000

$316,250

$316,250

$290,000 (4)

$316,250

$415,833

$290,000

(1)

As of December 1, 2016 , the Eaton Vance fund complex consists of 176 registered investment companies or series thereof.   Messrs. Fetting and Wennerholm began serving as Trustees effective September 1, 2016 , and thus the compensation figures listed for the Trust and the Trust and Fund Complex are estimated based on amounts each would have received if they had been Trustees for the full fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 and for the full calendar year ended December 31, 2015.  Ms. Sutherland began serving as a Trustee effective May 1, 2015, and thus the compensation figure listed for the Trust and Fund Complex is estimated based on the amount she would have received if she had been a Trustee for the full calendar year ended December 31, 2015.  Ronald A. Pearlman retired as a Trustee effective July 1, 2015.  For the calendar year ended December 31, 2015, he received $ 235 ,000 from the Trust and Fund Complex.

(2)

The Trust consisted of 18 Funds as of July 31, 2016 .

(3)

Includes $ 180,000 of deferred compensation.

(4)

Includes $ 277,490 of deferred compensation.

Fund Organization.Each Fund is a series of the Trust, which was organized under Massachusetts law on September 30, 1985 as a trust with transferable shares, commonly referred to as a Massachusetts business trust and is operated as an open-end management investment company. The Trust may issue an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest (no par value per share) in one or more series (such as a Fund). The Trustees of the Trust have divided the shares of a Fund into multiple classes. Each class represents an interest in a Fund, but is subject to different expenses, rights and privileges. The Trustees have the authority under the Declaration of Trust to create additional classes of shares with differing rights and privileges.  When issued and outstanding, shares are fully paid and nonassessable by the Trust.  Shareholders of the Trust are entitled to one vote for each full share held.  Fractional shares may be voted proportionately.  Shares of all Funds in the Trust will be voted together with respect to the election or removal of Trustees and on other matters affecting all Funds similarly. On matters affecting only a particular Fund, all shareholders of the affected Fund will vote together as a single class, except that only shareholders of a particular class may vote on matters affecting only that class.  Shares have no preemptive or conversion rights and are freely transferable. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, shareholders of each class are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets attributable to that class available for distribution to shareholders.

As permitted by Massachusetts law, there will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing Trustees unless and until such time as less than a majority of the Trustees of the Trust holding office have been elected by shareholders.  In such an event the Trustees then in office will call a shareholders’ meeting for the election of Trustees.  Except for the foregoing circumstances and unless removed by action of the shareholders in accordance with the Trust’s By-laws, the Trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor Trustees.  The Trust’s By-laws provide that any Trustee may be removed with or without cause, by (i) the affirmative vote of holders of two-thirds of the shares or, (ii) the affirmative vote of, or written instrument, signed by at least two-thirds of the remaining Trustees, provided however, that the removal of any noninterested Trustee shall additionally require the affirmative vote of, or a written instrument executed by, at least two-thirds of the remaining noninterested Trustees.  No person shall serve as a Trustee if shareholders holding two-thirds of the outstanding shares have removed him or her from that office either by a written declaration filed with the Trust’s custodian or by votes cast at a meeting called for that purpose. The By-laws further provide that under certain circumstances the shareholders may call a meeting to remove a Trustee and that the Trust is required to provide assistance in communication with shareholders about such a meeting.

The Trust’s Declaration of Trust may be amended by the Trustees when authorized by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust, the financial interests of which are affected by the amendment.  The Trustees may also amend the Declaration of Trust without the vote or consent of shareholders to change the name of the Trust or any series, if they deem it necessary to conform it to applicable federal or state laws or regulations, or to make such other changes (such as reclassifying series or classes of shares or restructuring the Trust) provided such changes do not have a materially adverse effect on the financial interests of shareholders.  The Trust’s By-laws provide that the Trust will indemnify its Trustees and officers against liabilities and expenses incurred in connection with any litigation or proceeding in which they may be involved because of their offices with the Trust.  However, no indemnification will be provided to any Trustee or officer for any liability to the Trust or shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

16

SAI dated December 1, 2016


The Trust’s Declaration of Trust provides that any legal proceeding brought by or on behalf of a shareholder seeking to enforce any provision of, or based upon any matter arising out of, related to or in connection with, the Declaration of Trust, the Trust, any Fund or Class or the shares of any Fund must be brought exclusively in the United States District Court for Massachusetts or, if such court does not have jurisdiction for the matter, then in the Superior Court of Suffolk County for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.  If a shareholder brings a claim in another venue and the venue is subsequently changed through legal process to the foregoing Federal or state court, then the shareholder will be required to reimburse the Trust and other persons for the expenses incurred in effecting the change in venue.  

The Trust’s Declaration of Trust also provides that, except to the extent explicitly permitted by Federal law, a shareholder may not bring or maintain a court action on behalf of the Trust or any Fund or class of shares (commonly referred to as a derivative claim) without first making demand on the Trustees requesting the Trustees to bring the action.  Within 90 days of receipt of the demand, the Trustees will consider the merits of the claim and determine whether commencing or maintaining an action would be in the best interests of the Trust or the affected Fund or Class.  Any decision by the Trustees to bring, maintain or settle, or to not bring, maintain or settle the action, will be final and binding upon shareholders and therefore no action may be brought or maintained after a decision is made to reject a demand.  In addition, the Trust’s Declaration of Trust provides that, to the maximum extent permitted by law, each shareholder acknowledges and agrees that any alleged injury to the Trust’s property, any diminution in the value of a shareholder’s shares and any other claim arising out of or relating to an allegation regarding the actions, inaction or omissions of or by the Trustees, the officers of the Trust or the investment adviser of a Fund is a legal claim belonging only to the Trust and not to the shareholders individually and, therefore, that any such claim is subject to the demand requirement for derivative claims referenced above.

The Trust or any series or class thereof may be terminated by: (1) the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of the shares outstanding and entitled to vote at any meeting of shareholders of the Trust or the appropriate series or class thereof, or by an instrument or instruments in writing without a meeting, consented to by the holders of two-thirds of the shares of the Trust or a series or class thereof, provided, however, that, if such termination is recommended by the Trustees, the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Trust or a series or class thereof entitled to vote thereon shall be sufficient authorization; or (2) by the approval of a majority of the Trustees then in office, to be followed by a written notice to shareholders.

Under Massachusetts law, if certain conditions prevail, shareholders of a Massachusetts business trust (such as the Trust) could be deemed to have personal liability for the obligations of the Trust.  Numerous investment companies registered under the 1940 Act have been formed as Massachusetts business trusts, and management is not aware of an instance where such liability has been imposed.  The Trust’s Declaration of Trust contains an express disclaimer of liability on the part of Fund shareholders and the Trust’s By-laws provide that the Trust shall assume the defense on behalf of any Fund shareholders.  The Declaration of Trust also contains provisions limiting the liability of a series or class to that series or class.  Moreover, the Trust’s By-laws also provide for indemnification out of Fund property of any shareholder held personally liable solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder for all loss or expense arising from such liability.  The assets of each Fund are readily marketable and will ordinarily substantially exceed its liabilities. In light of the nature of each Fund’s business and the nature of its assets, management believes that the possibility of the Fund’s liability exceeding its assets, and therefore the shareholder’s risk of personal liability, is remote.

Proxy Voting Policy.  The Board adopted a proxy voting policy and procedures (the “Fund Policy”), pursuant to which the Board has delegated proxy voting responsibility to the investment adviser and adopted the proxy voting policies and procedures of the investment adviser (the “Adviser Policies”).  An independent proxy voting service has been retained to assist in the voting of Fund proxies through the provision of vote analysis, implementation and recordkeeping and disclosure services.  The members of the Board will review each Fund’s proxy voting records from time to time and will annually consider approving the Adviser Policies for the upcoming year.  For a copy of the Fund Policy and Adviser Policies, see Appendix G and Appendix H, respectively.  Pursuant to certain provisions of the 1940 Act and certain exemptive orders relating to funds investing in other funds, a Fund or Portfolio may be required or may elect to vote its interest in another fund in the same proportion as the holders of all other shares of that fund.   Information on how each Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-262-1122, and (2) on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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SAI dated December 1, 2016


INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES

Investment Advisory Services. The investment adviser manages the investments and affairs of each Fund and provides related office facilities and personnel subject to the supervision of the Trust’s Board of Trustees.  The investment adviser furnishes investment research, advice and supervision, furnishes an investment program and determines what securities will be purchased, held or sold by each Fund and what portion, if any, of the Fund’s assets will be held uninvested.  The Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement on behalf of the Municipal Opportunities Fund and each Investment Advisory Agreement on behalf of the other Funds requires the investment adviser to pay the salaries and fees of all officers and Trustees of the Trust who are members of the investment adviser's organization and all personnel of the investment adviser performing services relating to research and investment activities.

For a description of the compensation that each Fund pays the investment adviser, see the Prospectus.  The following table sets forth the net assets of each Fund and the advisory fees during the three fiscal years ended July 31, 2016 .

 

 

Advisory Fee for Fiscal Years Ended

Fund

Net Assets at 7/31/ 16

7/31/ 16

7/31/ 15

7/31/ 14

Arizona

$ 67,215,661

$ 185,171

$ 200,374

$ 208,030

Connecticut

$ 89, 436,245

$288,570

312,019

336,729

Minnesota

$146,768,141

$460,961

400,155

378,158

Municipal Opportunities

$703,126,486

$2,896,402

1,062,542

201,599

New Jersey

$170,579,259

$630,871

667,239

696,411

Pennsylvania

$240,778,092

$914,424

905,206

885,492

Each Investment Advisory Agreement or Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement with the investment adviser continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually (i) by the vote of a majority of the noninterested Trustees of the Trust cast in person at a meeting specifically called for the purpose of voting on such approval and (ii) by the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund.  Each Agreement may be terminated at any time without penalty on sixty (60) days’ written notice by the Board of either party, or by vote of the majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund, and each Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment. Each Agreement provides that the investment adviser may render services to others.  Each Agreement also provides that the investment adviser shall not be liable for any loss incurred in connection with the performance of its duties, or action taken or omitted under the Agreement, in the absence of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties thereunder, or for any losses sustained in the acquisition, holding or disposition of any security or other investment.  Each Agreement is not intended to, and does not, confer upon any person not a party to it any right, benefit or remedy of any nature.

Information About BMR and Eaton Vance.BMR and Eaton Vance are business trusts organized under the laws of The Commonwealth of Massachusetts.  EV serves as trustee of BMR and Eaton Vance.  EV and Eaton Vance are wholly-owned subsidiaries of EVC, a Maryland corporation and publicly-held holding company.  BMR is an indirect subsidiary of EVC.   EVC through its subsidiaries and affiliates engages primarily in investment management, administration and marketing activities.  The Directors of EVC are Thomas E. Faust Jr., Ann E. Berman, Leo I. Higdon, Jr., Brian D. Langstraat, Dorothy E. Puhy, Winthrop H. Smith, Jr. and Richard A. Spillane, Jr.  All shares of the outstanding Voting Common Stock of EVC are deposited in a Voting Trust, the Voting Trustees of which are Mr. Faust, Jeffrey P. Beale, Craig R. Brandon, Daniel C. Cataldo , Michael A. Cirami , Cynthia J. Clemson, James H. Evans, Maureen A. Gemma, Laurie G. Hylton, Mr. Langstraat, Frederick S. Marius, David C. McCabe, Scott H. Page, Edward J. Perkin, Lewis R. Piantedosi, Charles B. Reed, Craig P. Russ, John L. Shea , Eric A. Stein , Payson F. Swaffield, Michael W. Weilheimer, R. Kelly Williams and Matthew J. Witkos (all of whom are officers of Eaton Vance or its affiliates).  The Voting Trustees have unrestricted voting rights for the election of Directors of EVC.  All of the outstanding voting trust receipts issued under said Voting Trust are owned by certain of the officers of BMR and Eaton Vance who may also be officers, or officers and Directors of EVC and EV.  As indicated under “Management and Organization,” all of the officers of the Trust (as well as Mr. Faust who is also a Trustee) hold positions in the Eaton Vance organization.

Code of Ethics.  The investment adviser, principal underwriter, and each Fund have adopted Codes of Ethics governing personal securities transactions pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act.  Under the Codes, employees of the investment adviser and the principal underwriter may purchase and sell securities (including securities held or eligible for purchase by a Fund) subject to the provisions of the Codes and certain employees are also subject to pre-clearance, reporting requirements and /or other procedures.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

18

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Portfolio Managers.  The portfolio managers (each referred to as a “portfolio manager”) of each Fund are listed below.  The following table shows , as of the Funds’ most recent fiscal year end, the number of accounts each portfolio manager managed in each of the listed categories and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in the accounts managed within each category.  The table also shows the number of accounts with respect to which the advisory fee is based on the performance of the account, if any, and the total assets (in millions of dollars) in those accounts.

 

Number of
All Accounts

Total Assets of
All Accounts

Number of Accounts
Paying a Performance Fee

Total Assets of Accounts
Paying a Performance Fee

Craig R. Brandon

 

 

 

 

Registered Investment Companies

18

$ 6 ,840.1

0

$0

Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

0

$0

0

$0

Other Accounts

0

$0

0

$0

Cynthia J. Clemson

 

 

 

 

Registered Investment Companies

13

$ 5,164.0

0

$0

Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

0

$0

0

$0

Other Accounts

0

$0

0

$0

Adam A. Weigold

 

 

 

 

Registered Investment Companies

17

$ 3,305.1

0

$0

Other Pooled Investment Vehicles

0

$0

0

$0

Other Accounts

0

$0

0

$0

The following table shows the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned in a Fund by its portfolio manager(s) as of the Funds’ most recent fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 and in the Eaton Vance family of funds as of December 31, 2015 .  The purpose of each state Fund is to provide tax-exempt income to persons subject to taxation in a particular state.  In most cases, a Fund’s portfolio manager is not subject to such taxation.  In addition, in most cases, each state Fund’s shares are not registered for sale in the state of the portfolio manager’s residence.

Fund Name and
Portfolio Managers

Dollar Range of Equity Securities
Beneficially Owned in the Fund

Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity
Securities Beneficially Owned
in all Registered Funds in the
Eaton Vance Family of Funds

Arizona Fund

 

 

Craig R. Brandon

None

Over $1,000,000

Connecticut Fund

 

 

Cynthia J. Clemson

None

Over $1,000,000

Minnesota Fund

 

 

Craig R. Brandon

None

Over $1,000,000

Municipal Opportunities Fund

 

 

Adam A. Weigold

$10,001-$50,000

$100,001-$500,000

New Jersey Fund

 

 

Adam A. Weigold

None

$100,001-$500,000

Pennsylvania Fund

 

 

Adam A. Weigold

None

$100,001-$500,000

It is possible that conflicts of interest may arise in connection with a portfolio managers management of a Funds investments on the one hand and the investments of other accounts for which a portfolio manager is responsible on the other.  For example, a portfolio manager may have conflicts of interest in allocating management time, resources and investment opportunities among a  Fund and other accounts he or she advises.  In addition, due to differences in the investment strategies or restrictions between a Fund and the other accounts, the portfolio manager may take action with respect to another account that differs from the action taken with respect to the Fund.  In some cases, another account managed by a portfolio manager may compensate the investment adviser based on the performance of the securities held by that account.  The existence of such a



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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SAI dated December 1, 2016


performance based fee may create additional conflicts of interest for the portfolio manager in the allocation of management time, resources and investment opportunities.  Whenever conflicts of interest arise, the portfolio manager will endeavor to exercise his or her discretion in a manner that he or she believes is equitable to all interested persons.  The investment adviser has adopted several policies and procedures designed to address these potential conflicts including a code of ethics and policies that govern the investment adviser's trading practices, including among other things the aggregation and allocation of trades among clients, brokerage allocations , cross trades and best execution.

Compensation Structure for Eaton Vance and BMR.  Compensation of the investment adviser's portfolio managers and other investment professionals has three primary components:  (1) a base salary, (2) an annual cash bonus, and (3) annual stock-based compensation consisting of options to purchase shares of EVC’s nonvoting common stock and restricted shares of EVC’s nonvoting common stock.  The investment adviser’s investment professionals also receive certain retirement, insurance and other benefits that are broadly available to the investment adviser’s employees.  Compensation of the investment adviser’s investment professionals is reviewed primarily on an annual basis.  Cash bonuses, stock-based compensation awards, and adjustments in base salary are typically paid or put into effect at or shortly after the October 31st fiscal year end of EVC.

Method to Determine Compensation.  The investment adviser compensates its portfolio managers based primarily on the scale and complexity of their portfolio responsibilities and the total return performance of managed funds and accounts versus the benchmark(s) stated in the prospectus, as well as an appropriate peer group (as described below).  In addition to rankings within peer groups of funds on the basis of absolute performance, consideration may also be given to relative risk-adjusted performance.  Risk-adjusted performance measures include, but are not limited to, the Sharpe ratio (Sharpe ratio uses standard deviation and excess return to determine reward per unit of risk).  Performance is normally based on periods ending on the September 30th preceding fiscal year end.  Fund performance is normally evaluated primarily versus peer groups of funds as determined by Lipper Inc. and/or Morningstar, Inc.  When a fund’s peer group as determined by Lipper or Morningstar is deemed by the investment adviser’s management not to provide a fair comparison, performance may instead be evaluated primarily against a custom peer group or market index.  In evaluating the performance of a fund and its manager, primary emphasis is normally placed on three-year performance, with secondary consideration of performance over longer and shorter periods.   A portion of the compensation payable to equity portfolio managers and investment professionals will be determined based on the ability of one or more accounts managed by such manager to achieve a specified target average annual gross return over a three year period in excess of the account benchmark.  The cash bonus to be payable at the end of the three year term will be established at the inception of the term and will be adjusted positively or negatively to the extent that the average annual gross return varies from the specified target return.   For funds that are tax-managed or otherwise have an objective of after-tax returns, performance is measured net of taxes.  For other funds, performance is evaluated on a pre-tax basis.  For funds with an investment objective other than total return (such as current income), consideration will also be given to the fund’s success in achieving its objective.  For managers responsible for multiple funds and accounts, investment performance is evaluated on an aggregate basis, based on averages or weighted averages among managed funds and accounts.  Funds and accounts that have performance-based advisory fees are not accorded disproportionate weightings in measuring aggregate portfolio manager performance.

The compensation of portfolio managers with other job responsibilities (such as heading an investment group or providing analytical support to other portfolios) will include consideration of the scope of such responsibilities and the managers’ performance in meeting them.

The investment adviser seeks to compensate portfolio managers commensurate with their responsibilities and performance, and competitive with other firms within the investment management industry.  The investment adviser participates in investment-industry compensation surveys and utilizes survey data as a factor in determining salary, bonus and stock-based compensation levels for portfolio managers and other investment professionals.  Salaries, bonuses and stock-based compensation are also influenced by the operating performance of the investment adviser and its parent company.  The overall annual cash bonus pool is generally based on a substantially fixed percentage of pre-bonus adjusted operating income.  While the salaries of the investment adviser’s portfolio managers are comparatively fixed, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may fluctuate significantly from year to year, based on changes in manager performance and other factors as described herein.  For a high performing portfolio manager, cash bonuses and stock-based compensation may represent a substantial portion of total compensation.

Commodity Futures Trading Commission Registration.  Effective December 31, 2012, the CFTC adopted certain regulatory changes that subject registered investment companies and advisers to regulation by the CFTC if a fund invests more than a prescribed level of its assets in certain CFTC-regulated instruments (including futures, certain options and swaps agreements) or markets itself as providing investment exposure to such instruments. Each Fund has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” under the Commodity Exchange Act. Accordingly neither the Funds nor the investment adviser with respect to the operation of the Funds is subject to CFTC regulation. Because of their management of other strategies, Eaton Vance and BMR are registered with the CFTC as commodity pool operators. Eaton Vance and BMR are also registered as commodity trading advisors.  The CFTC has neither reviewed nor approved the investment strategies or this SAI.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

20

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Administrative Services. As indicated in the Prospectus, for each Fund except Municipal Opportunities Fund, Eaton Vance serves as administrator of each such Fund, but currently receives no compensation for providing administrative services to the Fund. Eaton Vance also provides administrative services to the Municipal Opportunities Fund under its Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement.  Under the applicable Agreement, Eaton Vance has been engaged to administer each Fund’s affairs, subject to the supervision of the Board, and shall furnish office space and all necessary office facilities, equipment and personnel for administering the affairs of each Fund.

Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services.  Eaton Vance provides sub-transfer agency and related services to Eaton Vance mutual funds pursuant to a Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement.  Under the agreement, Eaton Vance provides:  (1) specified sub-transfer agency services; (2) compliance monitoring services; and (3) intermediary oversight services.  For the services it provides, Eaton Vance receives an aggregate annual fee equal to the lesser of $2.5 million or the actual expenses incurred by Eaton Vance in the performance of such services. Each Fund pays a pro rata share of such fee. For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , Eaton Vance earned the following pursuant to the agreement:

Arizona Fund

Connecticut Fund

Minnesota Fund

Municipal Opportunities Fund

New Jersey Fund

Pennsylvania Fund

$2, 934

$5, 380

$ 6,694

$ 1,688

$8, 733

$11, 794

Expenses.Each Fund is responsible for all expenses not expressly stated to be payable by another party (such as expenses required to be paid pursuant to an agreement with the investment adviser, the principal underwriter or the administrator).  In the case of expenses incurred by the Trust, each Fund is responsible for its pro rata share of those expenses.  Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan for Eaton Vance Funds, Fund expenses are allocated to each class on a pro rata basis, except that distribution and service fees are allocated exclusively to the class that incurs them.

OTHER SERVICE PROVIDERS

Principal Underwriter.  Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (“EVD”), Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110 is the principal underwriter of each Fund.  The principal underwriter acts as principal in selling shares under a Distribution Agreement with the Trust.  The expenses of printing copies of prospectuses used to offer shares and other selling literature and of advertising are borne by the principal underwriter.  The fees and expenses of qualifying and registering and maintaining qualifications and registrations of a Fund and its shares under federal and state securities laws are borne by the Fund.  The Distribution Agreement is renewable annually by the members of the Board (including a majority of the noninterested Trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Distribution Agreement or any applicable Distribution Plan), may be terminated on sixty days’ notice either by such Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding Fund shares or on six months’ notice by the principal underwriter and is automatically terminated upon assignment.  The principal underwriter distributes shares on a “best efforts” basis under which it is required to take and pay for only such shares as may be sold.  EVD is a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of EVC.  Mr. Faust is a Director of EVD.

Custodian.  State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”), State Street Financial Center, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111, serves as custodian to each Fund.  State Street has custody of all cash and securities of a Fund, maintains the general ledger of each Fund and computes the daily net asset value of shares of each Fund.  In such capacity it attends to details in connection with the sale, exchange, substitution, transfer or other dealings with each Fund’s investments, receives and disburses all funds and performs various other ministerial duties upon receipt of proper instructions from the Trust.  State Street provides services in connection with the preparation of shareholder reports and the electronic filing of such reports with the SEC.  EVC and its affiliates and their officers and employees from time to time have transactions with various banks, including State Street.  It is Eaton Vance’s opinion that the terms and conditions of such transactions were not and will not be influenced by existing or potential custodial or other relationships between each Fund and such banks.

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.  Deloitte & Touche LLP, 200 Berkeley Street, Boston, MA 02116, independent registered public accounting firm, audits each Fund's financial statements and provides other audit, tax and related services.

Transfer Agent.  BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., P.O. Box 9653, Providence, RI 02940-9653, serves as transfer and dividend disbursing agent for each Fund.

CALCULATION OF NET ASSET VALUE

The net asset value of the Fund is determined by State Street (as agent and custodian) by subtracting the liabilities of the Fund from the value of its total assets.  The Fund is closed for business and will not issue a net asset value on the following business holidays and any other business day that the Exchange is closed: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. The Fund’s net asset value per share is readily accessible on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com).



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

21

SAI dated December 1, 2016


The Board has approved procedures pursuant to which investments are valued for purposes of determining the Fund’s net asset value.  Listed below is a summary of the methods generally used to value investments (some or all of which may be held by the Fund) under the procedures.

·

Equity securities (including common stock, exchange - traded funds, closed end funds, preferred equity securities, exchange-traded notes and other instruments that trade on recognized stock exchanges) are valued at the last sale, official close or if there are no reported sales at the mean between the bid and asked price on the primary exchange on which they are traded.  

·

Most debt obligations are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or at the mean of the bid and asked prices provided by recognized broker/dealers of such securities.  The pricing service may use a pricing matrix to determine valuation.  

·

Short-term instruments with remaining maturities of less than 397 days are valued on the basis of market valuations furnished by a pricing service or based on dealer quotations .  

·

Foreign securities and currencies are valued in U.S. dollars based on foreign currency exchange quotations supplied by a pricing service.

·

Senior and Junior Loans are valued on the basis of prices furnished by a pricing service.  The pricing service uses transactions and market quotations from brokers in determining values.

·

Futures contracts are valued at the settlement or closing price on the primary exchange or board of trade on which they are traded.

·

Exchange-traded options are valued at the mean of the bid and asked prices.  Over-the-counter options are valued based on quotations obtained from a pricing service or from a broker (typically the counterparty to the option).

·

Non-exchange traded derivatives (including swap agreements , forward contracts and equity participation notes) are generally valued on the basis of valuations provided by a pricing service or using quotes provided by a broker/dealer (typically the counterparty).  

·

Precious metals are valued are valued at the New York Composite mean quotation.

·

Liabilities with a payment or maturity date of 364 days or less are stated at their principal value and longer dated liabilities generally will be carried at their fair value.

·

Valuations of foreign equity securities and total return swaps and exchange-traded futures contracts on non-North American equity indices may be adjusted from prices in effect at the close of trading on foreign exchanges to more accurately reflect their fair value as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange. Such fair valuations may be based on information provided by a pricing service.

Investments which are unable to be valued in accordance with the foregoing methodologies are valued at fair value using methods determined in good faith by or at the direction of the members of the Board.  Such methods may include consideration of relevant factors, including but not limited to (i) the type of security, the existence of any contractual restrictions on the security’s disposition, (ii) the price and extent of public trading in similar securities of the issuer or of comparable companies or entities, (iii) quotations or relevant information obtained from broker-dealers or other market participants, (iv) information obtained from the issuer, analysts, and/or the appropriate stock exchange (for exchange-traded securities), (v) an analysis of the company’s or entity’s financial condition, (vi) an evaluation of the forces that influence the issuer and the market(s) in which the security is purchased and sold (vii) an analysis of the terms of any transaction involving the issuer of such securities; and (viii) any other factors deemed relevant by the investment adviser.  The portfolio managers of one Eaton Vance fund that invests in Senior and Junior Loans may not possess the same information about a Senior or Junior Loan as the portfolio managers of another Eaton Vance fund.  As such, at times the fair value of a Loan determined by certain Eaton Vance portfolio managers may vary from the fair value of the same Loan determined by other portfolio managers.

PURCHASING AND REDEEMING SHARES

Additional Information About Purchases.  Fund shares are offered for sale only in states where they are registered.   The Eaton Vance funds generally do not accept investments from residents of the European Union or Switzerland, although may do so to the extent that the Eaton Vance funds may be lawfully offered in a relevant jurisdiction (including at the initiative of the investor).   Fund shares are continuously offered through financial intermediaries which have entered into agreements with the principal underwriter.  Fund shares are sold at the public offering price, which is the net asset value plus the initial sales charge, if any.  The Fund receives the net asset value.  The principal underwriter receives the sales charge, all or a portion of which may be reallowed to the financial intermediaries responsible for selling Fund shares.  The sales charge table in the Prospectus is applicable to purchases of a Fund alone or in combination with purchases of certain other funds offered by the principal



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

22

SAI dated December 1, 2016


underwriter, made at a single time by (i) an individual, or an individual, his or her spouse and their children under the age of twenty-one, purchasing shares for his or their own account, and (ii) a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing shares for a single trust estate or a single fiduciary account.  The table is also presently applicable to (1) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to a written Statement of Intention; or (2) purchases of Class A shares pursuant to the Right of Accumulation and declared as such at the time of purchase. See “Sales Charges.”

In connection with employer sponsored retirement plans, a Fund may accept initial investments of less than the minimum investment amount on the part of an individual participant.  In the event a shareholder who is a participant of such a plan terminates participation in the plan, his or her shares will be transferred to a regular individual account.  However, such account will be subject to the right of redemption by a Fund as described below.

Class I Share Purchases.Class I shares are available for purchase by clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class I shares through a no-load network or platform. Such clients may include individuals, corporations, endowments, foundations and employer sponsored retirement plans. Class I shares also are offered to investment and institutional clients of Eaton Vance and its affiliates; certain persons affiliated with Eaton Vance ; current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; employees of Eaton Vance and its affiliates and such persons’ spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts.

Waiver of Investment Minimums.In addition to waivers described in the Prospectus, minimum investment amounts are waived for current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards, clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts), current and retired officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers to the Eaton Vance family of funds, and for such persons’ spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts.  The minimum initial investment amount is also waived for officers and employees of a Fund’s custodian and transfer agent and in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with a Fund (or class thereof).  Investments in a Fund by ReFlow in connection with the Reflow liquidity program are also not subject to the minimum investment amount.

Suspension of Sales.  The Trust may, in its absolute discretion, suspend, discontinue or limit the offering of one or more of its classes of shares at any time.  In determining whether any such action should be taken, the Trust’s management intends to consider all relevant factors, including (without limitation) the size of a Fund or class, the investment climate and market conditions and the volume of sales and redemptions of shares. The Class A, Class B and Class C Distribution Plans may continue in effect and payments may be made under the Plans following any such suspension, discontinuance or limitation of the offering of shares; however, there is no contractual obligation to continue any Plan for any particular period of time.  Suspension of the offering of shares would not, of course, affect a shareholder’s ability to redeem shares.

Additional Information About Redemptions.  The right to redeem shares of a Fund can be suspended and the payment of the redemption price deferred when the Exchange is closed (other than for customary weekend and holiday closings), during periods when trading on the Exchange is restricted as determined by the SEC, or during any emergency as determined by the SEC which makes it impracticable for a Fund to dispose of its securities or value its assets, or during any other period permitted by order of the SEC for the protection of investors.

Due to the high cost of maintaining small accounts, the Trust reserves the right to redeem accounts with balances of less than $750.  Prior to such a redemption, shareholders will be given 60 days’ written notice to make an additional purchase.  However, no such redemption would be required by the Trust if the cause of the low account balance was a reduction in the net asset value of shares. No CDSC or redemption fees, if applicable, will be imposed with respect to such involuntary redemptions.

While normally payments will be made in cash for redeemed shares, the Trust, subject to compliance with applicable regulations, has reserved the right to pay the redemption price of shares of a Fund, either totally or partially, by a distribution in kind of readily marketable securities.  The securities so distributed would be valued pursuant to the valuation procedures described in this SAI.  If a shareholder received a distribution in kind, the shareholder could incur brokerage or other charges in converting the securities to cash.

Systematic Withdrawal Plan.  The transfer agent will send to the shareholder regular monthly or quarterly payments of any permitted amount designated by the shareholder based upon the value of the shares held.  The checks will be drawn from share redemptions and hence, may require the recognition of taxable gain or loss.  Income dividends and capital gains distributions in connection with withdrawal plan accounts will be credited at net asset value as of the ex-dividend date for each distribution.  Continued withdrawals in excess of current income will eventually use up principal, particularly in a period of declining market prices.  A shareholder may not have a withdrawal plan in effect at the same time he or she has authorized



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

23

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Bank Automated Investing or is otherwise making regular purchases of Fund shares.  The shareholder, the transfer agent or the principal underwriter may terminate the withdrawal plan at any time without penalty.

Other Information.A Funds net asset value per share is normally rounded to two decimal places.  In certain situations (such as a merger, share split or a purchase or sale of shares that represents a significant portion of a share class), the administrator may determine to extend the calculation of the net asset value per share to additional decimal places to ensure that neither the value of the Fund nor a shareholder’s shares is diluted materially as the result of a purchase or sale or other transaction.

SALES CHARGES

Dealer Commissions.  The principal underwriter may, from time to time, at its own expense, provide additional incentives to financial intermediaries which employ registered representatives who sell Fund shares and/or shares of other funds distributed by the principal underwriter.  In some instances, such additional incentives may be offered only to certain financial intermediaries whose representatives sell or are expected to sell significant amounts of shares.  In addition, the principal underwriter may from time to time increase or decrease the sales commissions payable to financial intermediaries.  The principal underwriter may allow, upon notice to all financial intermediaries with whom it has agreements, discounts up to the full sales charge during the periods specified in the notice.  During periods when the discount includes the full sales charge, such financial intermediaries may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the 1933 Act.

Purchases at Net Asset Value.Class A shares may be sold at net asset value (without a sales charge) to clients of financial intermediaries who (i) charge such clients an ongoing fee for advisory, investment, consulting or similar services, or (ii) have entered into an agreement with the principal underwriter to offer Class A shares through a no-load network or platform; current and retired members of Eaton Vance Fund Boards; to clients (including custodial, agency, advisory and trust accounts) and current and former officers and employees of Eaton Vance, its affiliates and other investment advisers and sub-advisers of Eaton Vance sponsored funds; and to such persons’ spouses, parents, siblings and lineal descendants and their beneficial accounts.  Such shares may also be issued at net asset value (1) in connection with the merger (or similar transaction) of an investment company (or series or class thereof) or personal holding company with a Fund (or class thereof), (2) to HSAs (Health Savings Accounts), (3) to officers and employees of a Fund’s custodian and transfer agent and (4 ) in connection with the ReFlow liquidity program.  Class A shares may also be sold at net asset value to registered representatives and employees of financial intermediaries.  Sales charges generally are waived because either (i) there is no sales effort involved in the sale of shares or (ii) the investor is paying a fee (other than the sales charge) to the financial intermediary involved in the sale.  Any new or revised sales charge or CDSC waiver will be prospective only.

CDSC Waiver.  CDSCs will be waived in connection with minimum required distributions from employer sponsored retirement plans and individual retirement accounts by applying the rate required to be withdrawn under the applicable rules and regulations of the IRS to the balance of shares in your account.

Statement of Intention.  If it is anticipated that $50,000 or more of Class A shares and shares of other funds exchangeable for Class A shares of another Eaton Vance fund will be purchased within a 13-month period, the Statement of Intention section of the account application should be completed so that shares may be obtained at the same reduced sales charge as though the total quantity were invested in one lump sum.  Shares eligible for the right of accumulation (see below) as of the date of the statement and purchased during the 13-month period will be included toward the completion of the statement.  If you make a statement of intention, the transfer agent is authorized to hold in escrow sufficient shares (5% of the dollar amount specified in the statement) which can be redeemed to make up any difference in sales charge on the amount intended to be invested and the amount actually invested.  A statement of intention does not obligate the shareholder to purchase or the Fund to sell the full amount indicated in the statement.

If the amount actually purchased during the 13-month period is less than that indicated in the statement, the shareholder will be requested to pay the difference between the sales charge applicable to the shares purchased and the sales charge paid under the statement of intention.  If the payment is not received in 20 days, the appropriate number of escrowed shares will be redeemed in order to realize such difference. Shareholders will not receive a lower sales charge if total purchases during the 13-month period are large enough to qualify for a lower sales charge than that applicable to the amount specified in the statement . If the sales charge rate changes during the 13-month period, all shares purchased or charges assessed after the date of such change will be subject to the then applicable sales charge.

Right of Accumulation.  Under the right of accumulation, the applicable sales charge level is calculated by aggregating the dollar amount of the current purchase and the value (calculated at the maximum current offering price) of shares owned by the shareholder.  The sales charge on the shares being purchased will then be applied at the rate applicable to the aggregate.  Share purchases eligible for the right of accumulation are described under “Sales Charges” in the Prospectus.  For any such discount to be made available at the time of purchase a purchaser or his or her financial intermediary must provide the principal underwriter



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

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SAI dated December 1, 2016


(in the case of a purchase made through a financial intermediary) or the transfer agent (in the case of an investment made by mail) with sufficient information to permit verification that the purchase order qualifies for the accumulation privilege. Confirmation of the order is subject to such verification.  The right of accumulation privilege may be amended or terminated at any time as to purchases occurring thereafter.

Conversion Feature.  Class B shares held for eight years will automatically convert to Class A shares.  For purposes of this conversion, all distributions paid on Class B shares which the shareholder elects to reinvest in Class B shares will be considered to be held in a separate sub-account.  Upon the conversion of Class B shares not acquired through the reinvestment of distributions, a pro rata portion of the Class B shares held in the sub-account will also convert to Class A shares.  This portion will be determined by the ratio that the Class B shares being converted bears to the total of Class B shares (excluding shares acquired through reinvestment) in the account.  This conversion feature is subject to the continuing availability of a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service or an opinion of counsel that the conversion is not taxable for federal income tax purposes.

Distribution Plans

The Trust has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for Class A shares (the “Class A Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act.  The Class A Plan is designed to (i) finance activities which are primarily intended to result in the distribution and sales of Class A shares and to make payments in connection with the distribution of such shares and (ii) pay service fees for personal services and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons.  The distribution and service fees payable under the Class A Plan shall not exceed 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to Class A shares for any fiscal year.  Class A distribution and service fees are paid monthly in arrears.  For the distribution and service fees paid by Class A shares, see Appendix A.

The Trust also has in effect a compensation-type Distribution Plan for Class B and Class C shares (the “Class B and Class C Plans”) adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act.  Pursuant to the Class B and Class C Plans, Class B and Class C pay the principal underwriter a distribution fee, accrued daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate not exceeding 0.75% of its average daily net assets to finance the distribution of its shares.  Such fees compensate the principal underwriter for the sales commissions paid by it to financial intermediaries on the sale of shares, for other distribution expenses (such as personnel, overhead, travel, printing and postage) and for interest expense.  The principal underwriter is entitled to receive all distribution fees and CDSCs paid or payable with respect to Class B and Class C shares, provided that no such payments will be made that would cause Class C shares to exceed the maximum sales charge permitted by FINRA Rule 2341 (d) or Class B shares to exceed a maximum sales charge of 5% determined in accordance with such Rule.

The Class B and Class C Plans also authorize the payment of service fees to the principal underwriter, financial intermediaries and other persons in amounts not exceeding an annual rate of 0.25% of its average daily net assets for personal services, and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts.  For Class B, this fee is paid monthly in arrears based on the value of shares sold by such persons. For Class C, financial intermediaries currently receive (a) a service fee (except on exchange transactions and reinvestments) at the time of sale equal to 0.20% (0.25% for Municipal Opportunities Fund) of the purchase price of Class C shares sold by such intermediaries, and (b) monthly service fees approximately equivalent to 1/12 of 0.20% (0.25% for Municipal Opportunities Fund) of the value of Class C shares sold by such intermediaries.  During the first year after a purchase of Class C shares, the principal underwriter will retain the service fee as reimbursement for the service fee payment made to financial intermediaries at the time of sale.  For the service fees paid, see Appendix B and Appendix C.

The Board believes that each Plan will be a significant factor in the expected growth of each Fund’s assets, and will result in increased investment flexibility and advantages which have benefitted and will continue to benefit the Fund and its shareholders.  The Eaton Vance organization may profit by reason of the operation of a Plan through an increase in Fund assets and if at any point in time the aggregate amounts received by the principal underwriter pursuant to a Plan exceeds the total expenses incurred in distributing Fund shares. For sales commissions and CDSCs, if applicable, see Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C.

A Plan continues in effect from year to year so long as such continuance is approved at least annually by the vote of both a majority of (i) the noninterested Trustees of the Trust who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any agreements related to the Plan (the “Plan Trustees”) and (ii) all of the Trustees then in office.  A Plan may be terminated at any time by vote of a majority of the Plan Trustees or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable Class.  Quarterly Board member review of a written report of the amount expended under the Plan and the purposes for which such expenditures were made is required.  A Plan may not be amended to increase materially the payments described therein without approval of the shareholders of the affected Class and the Board.  So long as a Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of the noninterested Trustees shall be committed to the discretion of such Trustees.  The Trustees, including the Plan Trustees, initially approved the current Plan(s) on April 22, 2013 for each Fund.  Any Board member who is an “interested” person of the Trust has an indirect financial interest in a Plan because his or her employer (or affiliates thereof) receives distribution and/or service fees under the Plan or agreements related thereto.



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PERFORMANCE

Performance Calculations.  Average annual total return before deduction of taxes (“pre-tax return”) is determined by multiplying a hypothetical initial purchase order of $1,000 by the average annual compound rate of return (including capital appreciation/depreciation, and distributions paid and reinvested) for the stated period and annualizing the result.  The calculation assumes (i) that all distributions are reinvested at net asset value on the reinvestment dates during the period, (ii) the deduction of the maximum of any initial sales charge from the initial $1,000 purchase, (iii) a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the period, and (iv) the deduction of any applicable CDSC at the end of the period.  

Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested.  Average annual total return after the deduction of taxes on distributions and taxes on redemption also is calculated in the same manner as pre-tax return except the calculation assumes that (i) any federal income taxes due on distributions are deducted from the distributions before they are reinvested and (ii) any federal income taxes due upon redemption are deducted at the end of the period.  After-tax returns are based on the highest federal income tax rates in effect for individual taxpayers as of the time of each assumed distribution and redemption (taking into account their tax character), and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  In calculating after-tax returns, the net value of any federal income tax credits available to shareholders is applied to reduce federal income taxes payable on distributions at or near year-end and, to the extent the net value of such credits exceeds such distributions, is then assumed to be reinvested in additional Fund shares at net asset value on the last day of the fiscal year in which the credit was generated or, in the case of certain tax credits, on the date on which the year-end distribution is paid.  For pre-tax and after-tax total return information, see Appendix A, Appendix B, Appendix C and Appendix D.

In addition to the foregoing total return figures, each Fund may provide pre-tax and after-tax annual and cumulative total return, as well as the ending redeemable cash value of a hypothetical investment.  If shares are subject to a sales charge, total return figures may be calculated based on reduced sales charges or at net asset value.  These returns would be lower if the full sales charge was imposed.  After-tax returns may also be calculated using different tax rate assumptions and taking into account state and local income taxes as well as federal taxes.

Yield is computed pursuant to a standardized formula by dividing the net investment income per share earned during a recent thirty-day period by the maximum offering price (including the maximum of any initial sales charge) per share on the last day of the period and annualizing the resulting figure. Net investment income per share is calculated from the yields to maturity of all debt obligations held based on prescribed methods, reduced by accrued expenses for the period with the resulting number being divided by the average daily number of shares outstanding and entitled to receive distributions during the period.  Yield figures do not reflect the deduction of any applicable CDSC, but assume the maximum of any initial sales charge.  Actual yield may be affected by variations in sales charges on investments. A tax-equivalent yield is computed by using the tax-exempt yield and dividing by one minus a stated tax rate. The stated tax rate will reflect the federal income and certain state and local (if any) taxes applicable to investors in a particular tax bracket and may reflect certain assumptions relating to tax exemptions and deductions. The tax-equivalent yield will differ for investors in other tax brackets or for whom the assumed exemptions and deductions are not available. Tax-equivalent yield is designed to show the approximate yield a taxable investment would have to earn to produce an after-tax yield equal to the tax-exempt yield.

Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings and Related Information.  The Board has adopted policies and procedures (the “Policies”) with respect to the disclosure of information about portfolio holdings of each Fund.  See the Funds' Prospectus for information on disclosure made in filings with the SEC and/or posted on the Eaton Vance website (www.eatonvance.com) and disclosure of certain portfolio characteristics.  Pursuant to the Policies, information about portfolio holdings of a Fund may also be disclosed as follows:

·

Confidential disclosure for a legitimate Fund purpose:  Portfolio holdings may be disclosed, from time to time as necessary, for a legitimate business purpose of a Fund, believed to be in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders, provided there is a duty or an agreement that the information be kept confidential.  Any such confidentiality agreement includes provisions intended to impose a duty not to trade on the non-public information.  The Policies permit disclosure of portfolio holdings information to the following: 1) affiliated and unaffiliated service providers that have a legal or contractual duty to keep such information confidential, such as employees of the investment adviser (including portfolio managers and, in the case of a Portfolio, the portfolio manager of any account that invests in the Portfolio), the administrator, custodian, transfer agent, principal underwriter, etc. described herein and in the Prospectus;  2) other persons who owe a fiduciary or other duty of trust or confidence to the Fund (such as Fund legal counsel and independent registered public accounting firm); or 3) persons to whom the disclosure is made in advancement of a legitimate business purpose of a Fund and who have expressly agreed in writing to maintain the disclosed information in confidence and to use it only in connection with the legitimate business purpose underlying the arrangement.  To the extent applicable to an Eaton Vance fund, such persons may include securities lending agents



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which may receive information from time to time regarding selected holdings which may be loaned by a Fund, in the event a Fund is rated, credit rating agencies (Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Group), analytical service providers engaged by the investment adviser (Advent, Bloomberg L.P., Evare, Factset, McMunn Associates, Inc., MSCI/Barra and The Yield Book, Inc.), proxy evaluation vendors (Institutional Shareholder Servicing Inc.), pricing services (TRPS Mark-to-Market Pricing Service, WM Company Reuters Information Services and Non-Deliverable Forward Rates Service, Markit Pricing Direct, FT Interactive Data Corp., Standard & Poor’s Securities Evaluation Service, Inc., SuperDerivatives and Stat Pro.), which receive information as needed to price a particular holding, translation services, third-party reconciliation services, lenders under Fund credit facilities (Citibank, N.A. and its affiliates), consultants and other product evaluators (Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC) and, for purposes of facilitating portfolio transactions, financial intermediaries and other intermediaries (national and regional municipal bond dealers and mortgage-backed securities dealers).  These entities receive portfolio information on an as needed basis in order to perform the service for which they are being engaged.  If required in order to perform their duties, this information will be provided in real time or as soon as practical thereafter.  Additional categories of disclosure involving a legitimate business purpose may be added to this list upon the authorization of a Fund’s Board.  In addition to the foregoing, disclosure of portfolio holdings may be made to a Fund’s investment adviser as a seed investor in a fund, in order for the adviser or its parent to satisfy certain reporting obligations and reduce its exposure to market risk factors associated with any such seed investment. Also, in connection with a redemption in kind, the redeeming shareholder may be required to agree to keep the information about the securities to be so distributed confidential, except to the extent necessary to dispose of the securities.

·

Historical portfolio holdings information:  From time to time, each Fund may be requested to provide historic portfolio holdings information or certain characteristics of portfolio holdings that have not been made public previously.  In such case, the requested information may be provided if: the information is requested for due diligence or another legitimate purpose; the requested portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics are for a period that is no more recent than the date of the portfolio holdings or portfolio characteristics posted to the Eaton Vance website; and the dissemination of the requested information is reviewed and approved in accordance with the Policies.

The Funds, the investment adviser and principal underwriter will not receive any monetary or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of information concerning a Fund’s portfolio holdings.

The Policies may not be waived, or exception made, without the consent of the CCO of the Funds.  The CCO may not waive or make exception to the Policies unless such waiver or exception is consistent with the intent of the Policies, which is to ensure that disclosure of portfolio information is in the best interest of Fund shareholders.  In determining whether to permit a waiver of or exception to the Policies, the CCO will consider whether the proposed disclosure serves a legitimate purpose of a Fund, whether it could provide the recipient with an advantage over Fund shareholders or whether the proposed disclosure gives rise to a conflict of interest between a Fund’s shareholders and its investment adviser, principal underwriter or other affiliated person.  The CCO will report all waivers of or exceptions to the Policies to the Board at their next meeting.  The Board may impose additional restrictions on the disclosure of portfolio holdings information at any time.

The Policies are designed to provide useful information concerning a Fund to existing and prospective Fund shareholders while at the same time inhibiting the improper use of portfolio holdings information in trading Fund shares and/or portfolio securities held by a Fund.  However, there can be no assurance that the provision of any portfolio holdings information is not susceptible to inappropriate uses (such as the development of “market timing” models), particularly in the hands of highly sophisticated investors, or that it will not in fact be used in such ways beyond the control of the Funds.

TAXES

The following is a summary of some of the tax consequences affecting the Fund and its shareholders.  The summary does not address all of the special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as individual retirement accounts and employer sponsored retirement plans, tax-exempt entities, foreign investors, insurance companies and financial institutions. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors with respect to special tax rules that may apply in their particular situations, as well as the federal, state, local, and, where applicable, foreign tax consequences of investing in the Fund.  

Taxation of the Fund.  The Fund, as a series of the Trust, is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes.  The Fund has elected to be treated and intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company (“RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Code. Accordingly, the Fund intends to satisfy certain requirements relating to sources of its income and diversification of its assets and to distribute substantially all of its net investment income (including tax-exempt income, if any) and net short-term and long-term capital gains (after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards) in accordance with the timing requirements imposed by the Code, so as to maintain its RIC status and to avoid paying any federal income tax.  Based on advice of counsel, the Fund will not recognize gain or loss on its distribution of appreciated securities in shareholder-initiated redemptions of its shares.   If the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC and satisfies the above-mentioned distribution



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requirements, it will not be subject to federal income tax on income paid to its shareholders in the form of dividends or capital gain distributions. The Fund qualified as a RIC for its most recent fiscal year.  

The Fund also seeks to avoid payment of federal excise tax. However, if the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year substantially all of its ordinary income for such year and substantially all of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 (or later if the Fund is permitted to so elect and so elects), plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. In order to avoid incurring a federal excise tax obligation, the Code requires that the Fund distributes (or be deemed to have distributed) by December 31 of each calendar year (i) at least 98% of its ordinary income (excluding tax-exempt income, if any) for such year, (ii) at least 98.2% of its capital gain net income (which is the excess of its realized capital gains over its realized capital losses), generally computed on the basis of the one-year period ending on October 31 of such year, after reduction by any available capital loss carryforwards, and (iii) 100% of any income and capital gains from the prior year (as previously computed) that was not paid out during such year and on which the Fund paid no federal income tax. If the Fund fails to meet these requirements it will be subject to a nondeductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amounts. Under current law, provided that the Fund qualifies as a RIC (and, where applicable, the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes), the Fund should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

If the Fund does not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, the Fund’s taxable income will be subject to corporate income taxes, and all distributions from earnings and profits, including distributions of tax-exempt income and net capital gain (if any), will be taxable to the shareholder as dividend income. However, such distributions may be eligible (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. In addition, in order to re-qualify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund may be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions.

In certain situations, the Fund may, for a taxable year, elect to defer all or a portion of its net capital losses (or if there is no net capital loss, then any net long-term or short-term capital loss) realized after October and its late-year ordinary losses (defined as the sum of the excess of post-October foreign currency and passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) losses over post-October foreign currency and PFIC gains plus the excess of post-December ordinary losses over post-December ordinary income) realized after December until the next taxable year in computing its investment company taxable income and net capital gain, which will defer the recognition of such realized losses.  Such deferrals and other rules regarding gains and losses realized after October (or December) may affect the tax character of shareholder distributions.

The Code contains a provision codifying the judicial economic substance doctrine, which has traditionally been used by courts to deny tax benefits for transactions that lack economic substance; a strict liability penalty is imposed for an understatement of tax liability due to a transaction’s lack of economic substance.

Taxation of the Portfolio.  If the Fund invests its assets in the Portfolio, the Portfolio normally must satisfy the applicable source of income and asset diversification requirements in order for the Fund to also satisfy these requirements. For federal income tax purposes, the Portfolio intends to be treated as a partnership that is not a “publicly traded partnership” and, as a result, will not be subject to federal income tax. The Fund, as an investor in the Portfolio, will be required to take into account in determining its federal income tax liability its share of such Portfolio’s income, gains, losses, deductions and credits, without regard to whether it has received any distributions from such Portfolio. The Portfolio will allocate at least annually among its investors, including the Fund, the Portfolio’s net investment income, net realized capital gains and losses, and any other items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit. For purposes of applying the requirements of the Code regarding qualification as a RIC, the Fund (i) will be deemed to own its proportionate share of each of the assets of the Portfolio and (ii) will be entitled to the gross income of the Portfolio attributable to such share. Under current law, provided that the Portfolio is treated as a partnership for Massachusetts and federal tax purposes, the Portfolio should not be liable for any income, corporate excise or franchise tax in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

Taxation of the Subsidiary . See the definition of Subsidiary under Definitions at the front of this SAI for information about whether any Fund and/or Portfolio (if applicable) described herein has established a Subsidiary.  The Subsidiary is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. As described in the prospectus, the Fund has either applied for or received from the IRS a private letter ruling or has received advice from counsel relating to the treatment of the income allocated to the Fund from the Subsidiary for purposes of the Fund’s status as a “RIC” under the Code.  Foreign corporations, such as the Subsidiary, will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless they are deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. It is expected that the Subsidiary will conduct it activities in a manner so as to meet the requirements of a safe harbor under Section 864(b)(2) of the Code under which the Subsidiary may engage in trading in stocks or securities or certain commodities without being deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. However, if certain of the Subsidiary's activities were determined not to be of the type described in the safe harbor (which is not expected), then the activities of the Subsidiary may constitute a U.S. trade or business, and would be taxed as such.



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The Subsidiary is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (“CFC”) for tax purposes and the Fund is treated as a “U.S. shareholder” of the Subsidiary. As a result, the Fund is required to include in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes all of the Subsidiary's “subpart F income,” whether or not such income is distributed by the Subsidiary. It is expected that all of the Subsidiary's income will be “subpart F income.” The Fund’s recognition of the Subsidiary's “subpart F income” will increase the Fund’s tax basis in the Subsidiary. Distributions by the Subsidiary to the Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed “subpart F income,” and will correspondingly reduce the Fund's tax basis in the Subsidiary. “Subpart F income” is generally treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the Subsidiary's underlying income. If a net loss is realized by the Subsidiary, such loss is not generally available to offset the income earned by the Fund.  

Tax Consequences of Certain Investments.  The following summary of the tax consequences of certain types of investments applies to the Fund and the Portfolio, as appropriate.  References in the following summary to “the Fund” are to any Fund or Portfolio that can engage in the particular practice as described in the prospectus or SAI.  

Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount.  Investment in securities acquired at a market discount, or in zero coupon, deferred interest, payment-in-kind and certain other securities with original issue discount, generally may cause the Fund to realize income prior to the receipt of cash payments with respect to these securities. Such income will be accrued daily by the Fund and, in order to avoid a tax payable by the Fund, the Fund may be required to liquidate securities that it might otherwise have continued to hold in order to generate cash so that the Fund may make required distributions to its shareholders.  The Fund may elect to accrue market discount income on a daily basis.

Lower Rated or Defaulted Securities.  Investments in securities that are at risk of, or are in, default present special tax issues for the Fund. Tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when the Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless securities and how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income.

Municipal Obligations.  Any recognized gain or income attributable to market discount on long-term tax-exempt municipal obligations (i.e., obligations with a term of more than one year) purchased after April 30, 1993 (except to the extent of a portion of the discount attributable to original issue discount), is taxable as ordinary income. A long-term debt obligation is generally treated as acquired at a market discount if purchased after its original issue at a price less than (i) the stated principal amount payable at maturity, in the case of an obligation that does not have original issue discount or (ii) in the case of an obligation that does have original issue discount, the sum of the issue price and any original issue discount that accrued before the obligation was purchased, subject to a de minimis exclusion.

From time to time proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating the federal income tax exemption for interest on certain types of municipal obligations, and it can be expected that similar proposals may be introduced in the future. As a result of any such future legislation, the availability of municipal obligations for investment by the Fund and the value of the securities held by it may be affected. It is possible that events occurring after the date of issuance of municipal obligations, or after the Fund’s acquisition of such an obligation, may result in a determination that the interest paid on that obligation is taxable, even retroactively.

If the Fund seeks income exempt from state and/or local taxes, information about such taxes is contained in an appendix to this SAI (see the Table of Contents).  

Tax Credit Bonds.  If the Fund holds, directly or indirectly, one or more tax credit bonds (including Build America Bonds, clean renewable energy bonds and other qualified tax credit bonds) on one or more applicable dates during a taxable year and the Fund satisfies the minimum distribution requirement, the Fund may elect to permit its shareholders to claim a tax credit on their income tax returns equal to each shareholder‘s proportionate share of tax credits from the applicable bonds that otherwise would be allowed to the Fund. In such a case, shareholders must include in gross income (as interest) their proportionate share of the income attributable to their proportionate share of those offsetting tax credits. A shareholder‘s ability to claim a tax credit associated with one or more tax credit bonds may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code. Even if the Fund is eligible to pass through tax credits to shareholders, the Fund may choose not to do so.

Derivatives.  The Fund’s investments in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts (to the extent permitted) and certain other transactions may be subject to special tax rules (including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale, short sale and other rules), the effect of which may be to accelerate income to the Fund, defer Fund losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of Fund securities, convert capital gain into ordinary income and convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of Fund distributions.



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Investments in so-called “section 1256 contracts,” such as regulated futures contracts, most foreign currency forward contracts traded in the interbank market and options on most stock indices, are subject to special tax rules. All section 1256 contracts held by the Fund at the end of its taxable year are required to be marked to their market value, and any unrealized gain or loss on those positions will be included in the Fund’s income as if each position had been sold for its fair market value at the end of the taxable year. The resulting gain or loss will be combined with any gain or loss realized by the Fund from positions in section 1256 contracts closed during the taxable year. Provided such positions were held as capital assets and were not part of a “hedging transaction” nor part of a “straddle,” 60% of the resulting net gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and 40% of such net gain or loss will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss, regardless of the period of time the positions were actually held by the Fund.  Unless an election is made, net 1256 gain or loss on forward currency contracts will be treated as ordinary income or loss.

Fund positions in index options that do not qualify as “section 1256 contracts” under the Code generally will be treated as equity options governed by Code Section 1234. Pursuant to Code Section 1234, if a written option expires unexercised, the premium received is short-term capital gain to the Fund. If the Fund enters into a closing transaction with respect to a written option, the difference between the premium received and the amount paid to close out its position is short-term capital gain or loss. If an option written by the Fund that is not a “section 1256 contract” is cash settled, any resulting gain or loss will be short-term capital gain. For an option purchased by the Fund that is not a “section 1256 contract”, any gain or loss resulting from sale of the option will be a capital gain or loss, and will be short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If the option expires, the resulting loss is a capital loss and is short-term or long-term, depending upon the holding period for the option. If a put option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is treated as a reduction in the amount paid to acquire the underlying securities, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss to be realized by the Fund upon sale of the securities. If a call option written by the Fund is exercised and physically settled, the premium received is included in the sale proceeds, increasing the gain or decreasing the loss realized by the Fund at the time of option exercise.

As a result of entering into swap contracts, the Fund may make or receive periodic net payments. The Fund may also make or receive a payment when a swap is terminated prior to maturity through an assignment of the swap or other closing transaction. Periodic net payments will generally constitute ordinary income or deductions, while termination of a swap will generally result in capital gain or loss (which will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund has been a party to a swap for more than one year). With respect to certain types of swaps, the Fund may be required to currently recognize income or loss with respect to future payments on such swaps or may elect under certain circumstances to mark such swaps to market annually for tax purposes as ordinary income or loss.

Short Sales.  In general, gain or loss on a short sale is recognized when the Fund closes the sale by delivering the borrowed property to the lender, not when the borrowed property is sold. Gain or loss from a short sale is generally considered to be capital gain or loss to the extent that the property used to close the short sale constitutes a capital asset in the Fund’s hands. Except with respect to certain situations where the property used to close a short sale has a long-term holding period on the date of the short sale, special rules generally treat the gains on short sales as short-term capital gains. These rules may also terminate the running of the holding period of “substantially identical property” held by the Fund. Moreover, a loss on a short sale will be treated as a long-term capital loss if, on the date of the short sale, “substantially identical property” has been held by the Fund for more than one year. In general, the Fund will not be permitted to deduct payments made to reimburse the lender of securities for dividends paid on borrowed stock if the short sale is closed on or before the 45th day after the short sale is entered.

Constructive Sales.  The Fund may recognize gain (but not loss) from a constructive sale of certain “appreciated financial positions” if the Fund enters into a short sale, offsetting notional principal contract, or forward contract transaction with respect to the appreciated position or substantially identical property. Appreciated financial positions subject to this constructive sale treatment include interests (including options and forward contracts and short sales) in stock and certain other instruments. Constructive sale treatment does not apply if the transaction is closed out not later than thirty days after the end of the taxable year in which the transaction was initiated, and the underlying appreciated securities position is held unhedged for at least the next sixty days after the hedging transaction is closed.

Gain or loss on a short sale will generally not be realized until such time as the short sale is closed. However, as described above in the discussion of constructive sales, if the Fund holds a short sale position with respect to securities that have appreciated in value, and it then acquires property that is the same as or substantially identical to the property sold short, the Fund generally will recognize gain on the date it acquires such property as if the short sale were closed on such date with such property. Similarly, if the Fund holds an appreciated financial position with respect to securities and then enters into a short sale with respect to the same or substantially identical property, the Fund generally will recognize gain as if the appreciated financial position were sold at its fair market value on the date it enters into the short sale. The subsequent holding period for any appreciated financial position that is subject to these constructive sale rules will be determined as if such position were acquired on the date of the constructive sale.



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Foreign Investments and Currencies.  The Fund’s investments in foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes or other foreign taxes with respect to income (possibly including, in some cases, capital gains), which would decrease the Fund’s income on such securities. These taxes may be reduced or eliminated under the terms of an applicable U.S. income tax treaty. If more than 50% of Fund assets at year end consists of the debt and equity securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect to permit shareholders to claim a credit or deduction on their income tax returns for their pro rata portion of qualified taxes paid by the Fund to foreign countries. If the election is made, shareholders will include in gross income from foreign sources their pro rata share of such taxes. A shareholder’s ability to claim a foreign tax credit or deduction in respect of foreign taxes paid by the Fund may be subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code (including a holding period requirement applied at both the Fund and shareholder level), as a result of which a shareholder may not get a full credit or deduction for the amount of such taxes. In particular, the Fund must own the dividend-paying stock for more than 15 days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date. Likewise, shareholders must hold their Fund shares (without protection from risk or loss) on the ex-dividend date and for at least 15 additional days during the 31-day period beginning 15 days prior to the ex-dividend date to be eligible to claim the foreign tax with respect to a given dividend. Shareholders who do not itemize deductions on their federal income tax returns may claim a credit (but no deduction) for such taxes. Individual shareholders subject to the alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) may not deduct such taxes for AMT purposes.

Transactions in foreign currencies, foreign currency-denominated debt securities and certain foreign currency options, futures contracts, forward contracts and similar instruments (to the extent permitted) may give rise to ordinary income or loss to the extent such income or loss results from fluctuations in the value of the foreign currency.   Under Section 988 of the Code, gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time the Fund accrues income or receivables or expenses or other liabilities denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects such income or pays such liabilities are generally treated as ordinary income or ordinary loss.

Investments in PFICs could subject the Fund to U.S. federal income tax or other charges on certain distributions from such companies and on disposition of investments in such companies; however, the tax effects of such investments may be mitigated by making an election to mark such investments to market annually or treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund”. If the Fund were to invest in a PFIC and elect to treat the PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” under the Code, the Fund might be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the qualified electing fund, even if not distributed to the Fund, and such amounts would be subject to the distribution requirements described above. In order to make this election, the Fund would be required to obtain certain annual information from the PFICs in which it invests, which may be difficult or impossible to obtain. Alternatively, if the Fund were to make a mark-to-market election with respect to a PFIC, the Fund would be treated as if it had sold and repurchased the PFIC stock at the end of each year. In such case, the Fund would report any such gains as ordinary income and would deduct any such losses as ordinary losses to the extent of previously recognized gains. This election must be made separately for each PFIC, and once made, would be effective for all subsequent taxable years unless revoked with the consent of the IRS. The Fund may be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it receives from PFICs and its proceeds from dispositions of PFIC stock in any particular year. As a result, the Fund may have to distribute this “phantom” income and gain to satisfy the distribution requirement and to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax.

U.S. Government Securities.  Distributions paid by the Fund that are derived from interest on obligations of the U.S. Government and certain of its agencies and instrumentalities (but generally not distributions of capital gains realized upon the disposition of such obligations) may be exempt from state and local income taxes. The Fund generally intends to advise shareholders of the extent, if any, to which its distributions consist of such interest. Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding the possible exclusion of such portion of their dividends for state and local income tax purposes.

Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”).  Any investment by the Fund in equity securities of a REIT qualifying as such under Subchapter M of the Code may result in the Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to Fund shareholders for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Investments in REIT equity securities also may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT will not qualify for the corporate dividends-received deduction and generally will not constitute qualified dividend income.

Inflation-Indexed Bonds.  Periodic adjustments for inflation to the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond may give rise to original issue discount, which will be includable in the Fund’s gross income (see “Securities Acquired at Market Discount or with Original Issue Discount” above).  Also, if the principal value of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted downward due to inflation, amounts previously distributed in the taxable year may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital (see “Taxation of Fund Shareholders” below).



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Taxation of Fund Shareholders.  Subject to the discussion of distributions of tax-exempt income below, Fund distributions of investment income and net gains from investments held for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income. Fund distributions of any net gains from investments held for more than one year are taxable as long-term capital gains. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated the gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her shares in the Fund.  Dividends and distributions on the Fund’s shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they are made out of the Fund’s earnings and profits, even though such dividends and distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment.  Such distributions are likely to occur in respect of shares purchased at a time when the Fund’s net asset value reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Such realized gains may be required to be distributed even when the Fund’s net asset value also reflects unrealized losses.  

Distributions paid by the Fund during any period may be more or less than the amount of net investment income and capital gains actually earned during the period.  If the Fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of the Fund‘s current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital. A return of capital is not taxable, but it reduces a shareholder‘s tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.  A shareholder’s tax basis cannot go below zero and any return of capital distributions in excess of a shareholder’s tax basis will be treated as capital gain.

Ordinarily, shareholders are required to take taxable distributions by the Fund into account in the year in which the distributions are made.  However, for federal income tax purposes, dividends that are declared by the Fund in October, November or December as of a record date in such month and actually paid in January of the following year will be treated as if they were paid on December 31 of the year declared.  Therefore, such dividends will generally be taxable to a shareholder in the year declared rather than in the year paid.

The amount of distributions payable by the Fund may vary depending on general economic and market conditions, the composition of investments, current management strategy and Fund operating expenses.  The Fund will inform shareholders of the tax character of distributions annually to facilitate shareholder tax reporting.  

The Fund may elect to retain its net capital gain, in which case the Fund will be taxed thereon (except to the extent of any available capital loss carryovers) at the 35% corporate tax rate.  In such a case, it is expected that the Fund also will elect to have shareholders of record on the last day of its taxable year treated as if each received a distribution of its pro rata share of such gain, with the result that each shareholder will be required to report its pro rata share of such gain on its tax return as long-term capital gain, will receive a refundable tax credit for its pro rata share of tax paid by the Fund on the gain, and will increase the tax basis for its shares by an amount equal to the deemed distribution less the tax credit.

Any Fund distribution, other than dividends that are declared by the Fund on a daily basis, will have the effect of reducing the per share net asset value of Fund shares by the amount of the distribution. If a shareholder buys shares when the Fund has unrealized or realized but not yet distributed ordinary income or capital gains, the shareholder will pay full price for the shares and then may receive a portion back as a taxable distribution even though such distribution may economically represent a return of the shareholder’s investment.

Tax-Exempt Income.  Distributions by the Fund of net tax-exempt interest income that are properly reported as “exempt-interest dividends” may be treated by shareholders as interest excludable from gross income for federal income tax purposes under Section 103(a) of the Code.  In order for the Fund to be entitled to pay the tax-exempt interest income as exempt-interest dividends to its shareholders, the Fund must satisfy certain requirements, including the requirement that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets consists of obligations the interest on which is exempt from regular federal income tax under Code Section 103(a).  Interest on certain municipal obligations may be taxable for purposes of the federal AMT and for state and local purposes. In addition, corporate shareholders must include the full amount of exempt-interest dividends in computing the preference items for the purposes of the AMT. Fund shareholders are required to report tax-exempt interest on their federal income tax returns.

Tax-exempt distributions received from the Fund are taken into account in determining, and may increase, the portion of social security and certain railroad retirement benefits that may be subject to federal income tax.  Interest on indebtedness incurred by a shareholder to purchase or carry Fund shares that distributes exempt-interest dividends will not be deductible for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If a shareholder receives exempt interest dividends with respect to any Fund share and if the share is held by the shareholder for six months or less, then any loss on the sale or exchange of the share may, to the extent of the exempt-interest dividends, be disallowed.  Furthermore, a portion of any exempt-interest dividend paid by the Fund that represents income derived from certain revenue or private activity bonds held by the Fund may not retain its tax-exempt status in the hands of a shareholder who is a “substantial user” of a facility financed by such bonds, or a “related person” thereof. In addition, the receipt of dividends and distributions from the Fund may affect a foreign corporate shareholder’s federal “branch profits” tax



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SAI dated December 1, 2016


liability and the federal “excess net passive income” tax liability of a shareholder of a Subchapter S corporation. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors as to whether they are (i) “substantial users” with respect to a facility or “related” to such users within the meaning of the Code or (ii) subject to a federal alternative minimum tax, the federal “branch profits” tax, or the federal “excess net passive income” tax.

Qualified Dividend Income.  “Qualified dividend income” received by an individual is taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gain (currently at a maximum rate of 20% plus a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax). In order for a dividend received by Fund shareholders to be qualified dividend income, the Fund must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the dividend-paying stock in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Fund’s shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning at the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before such date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the U.S. (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation readily tradable on an established securities market in the U.S.) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company. Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify to be treated as qualified dividend income.  In general, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from qualified dividend income will be treated as qualified dividend income by a shareholder taxed as an individual provided the shareholder meets the holding period and other requirements described above with respect to the Fund’s shares. In any event, if the aggregate qualified dividends received by the Fund during any taxable year are 95% or more of its gross income, then 100% of the Fund’s dividends (other than properly reported capital gain dividends) will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income. For this purpose, the only gain with respect to the sale of stocks and securities included in the term “gross income” is the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss.

Dividends Received Deduction for Corporations.  A portion of distributions made by the Fund which are derived from dividends from U.S. corporations may qualify for the dividends-received deduction (“DRD”) for corporations. The DRD is reduced to the extent the Fund shares with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under the Code and is eliminated if the shares are deemed to have been held for less than a minimum period, generally more than 45 days during the 91-day period beginning 45 days before the ex-dividend date or if the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. Receipt of certain distributions qualifying for the DRD may result in reduction of the tax basis of the corporate shareholder’s shares. Distributions eligible for the DRD may give rise to or increase the alternative minimum tax for certain corporations.  Payments in lieu of dividends, such as payments pursuant to securities lending arrangements, also do not qualify for the DRD.   

Recognition of Unrelated Business Taxable Income by Tax-Exempt Shareholders.  Under current law, tax-exempt investors generally will not recognize unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) from distributions from the Fund. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could recognize UBTI if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of a tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code section 514(b). In addition, certain types of income received by the Fund from REITs, real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”), taxable mortgage pools or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all of its distributions as “excess inclusion income.” To Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income may: (1) constitute taxable income as UBTI for those shareholders who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as individual retirement accounts, employer sponsored retirement plans and certain charitable entities; (2) not be offset by otherwise allowable deductions for tax purposes; (3) not be eligible for reduced U.S. withholding for non-U.S. shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (4) cause the Fund to be subject to tax if certain “disqualified organizations” as defined by the Code are Fund shareholders.

Sale or Exchange of Fund Shares.  Generally, upon the sale or (if permitted) exchange of Fund shares, a shareholder will realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and the shareholder’s basis in the shares. Such gain or loss will be treated as capital gain or loss if the shares are capital assets in the shareholder’s hands, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for one year or less.

Any loss realized upon the sale or other disposition of Fund shares with a tax holding period of six months or less will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any Fund distributions treated as long-term capital gain with respect to such shares. In addition, all or a portion of a loss realized on a sale or other disposition of Fund shares may be disallowed under “wash sale” rules to the extent the shareholder acquired other shares of the same Fund (whether through the reinvestment of distributions or otherwise) within the period beginning 30 days before the redemption of the loss shares and ending 30 days



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SAI dated December 1, 2016


after such date. Any disallowed loss will result in an adjustment to the shareholder’s tax basis in some or all of the other shares acquired.   See the prospectus for information regarding any permitted exchange of Fund shares.

Sales charges paid upon a purchase of shares subject to a front-end sales charge cannot be taken into account for purposes of determining gain or loss on a redemption or exchange of the shares before the 91st day after their purchase to the extent a sales charge is reduced or eliminated in a subsequent acquisition of Fund shares (or shares of another fund) on or before January 31 of the following calendar year pursuant to the reinvestment or exchange privilege. Any disregarded amounts will result in an adjustment to the shareholder’s tax basis in some or all of any other shares acquired.

Applicability of Medicare Contribution Tax.  The Code imposes a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on unearned income of certain U.S. individuals, estates and trusts. For individuals, the tax is on the lesser of the “net investment income” and the excess of modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 (or $250,000 if married filing jointly). Net investment income includes, among other things, interest, dividends, and gross income and capital gains derived from passive activities and trading in securities or commodities. Net investment income is reduced by deductions “properly allocable” to this income.

Back-Up Withholding for U.S. Shareholders.  Amounts paid by the Fund to individuals and certain other shareholders who have not provided the Fund with their correct taxpayer identification number (“TIN”) and certain certifications required by the IRS as well as shareholders with respect to whom the Fund has received certain information from the IRS or a broker, may be subject to “backup” withholding of federal income tax arising from the Fund’s taxable dividends and other distributions as well as the proceeds of redemption transactions (including repurchases and exchanges), at a rate of 28%. An individual’s TIN is generally his or her social security number. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability.

Taxation of Foreign Shareholders.  In general, dividends (other than capital gain dividends and exempt-interest dividends) paid to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code (a “foreign person” or “foreign shareholder”) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate). The withholding tax does not apply to regular dividends paid to a foreign person who provides an IRS Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the foreign person’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the foreign person were a U.S. shareholder. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to additional “branch profits tax” imposed at a rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate). A foreign person who fails to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, or other applicable form may be subject to backup withholding at the appropriate rate.  A foreign shareholder would generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including withholding tax, on gains realized on the sale of shares of the Fund, net capital gain dividends, exempt interest dividends, and amounts retained by the Fund that are reported as undistributed capital gains.

Properly reported dividends are generally exempt from U.S. federal withholding tax where they (i) are paid in respect of the Fund’s “qualified net interest income” (generally, the Fund’s U.S. source interest income, other than certain contingent interest and interest from obligations of a corporation or partnership in which the Fund is at least a 10% shareholder, reduced by expenses that are allocable to such income) or (ii) are paid in respect of the Fund’s “qualified short-term capital gains” (generally, the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital gain over the Fund’s long-term capital loss for such taxable year).  However, depending on its circumstances, the Fund may report all, some or none of its potentially eligible dividends as such qualified net interest income or as qualified short-term capital gains and/or treat such dividends, in whole or in part, as ineligible for this exemption from withholding.  In order to qualify for this exemption from withholding, a non-U.S. shareholder would need to comply with applicable certification requirements relating to its non-U.S. status (including, in general, furnishing an IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E, or substitute Form).  In the case of shares held through an intermediary, the intermediary could withhold even if the Fund designates the payment as qualified net interest income or qualified short-term capital gain.  Non-U.S. shareholders should contact their intermediaries with respect to the application of these rules to their accounts.

Distributions that the Fund reports as “short-term capital gain dividends” or “long-term capital gain dividends” will not be treated as such to a recipient foreign shareholder if the distribution is attributable to gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation and the Fund’s direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property exceeded certain levels. Instead, if the foreign shareholder has not owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of distribution, such distributions will be subject to 30% withholding by the Fund and will be treated as ordinary dividends to the foreign shareholder; if the foreign shareholder owned more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the Fund at any time during the one year period ending on the date of the distribution, such distribution will be treated as real property gain subject to 35% withholding tax and could subject the foreign shareholder to U.S. filing requirements. The rules described in this paragraph, other than the withholding rules, will apply notwithstanding the Fund’s participation or a foreign shareholder’s participation in a wash sale transaction or the payment of a substitute dividend.  



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SAI dated December 1, 2016


Additionally, if the Fund’s direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels, a foreign shareholder realizing gains upon redemption from the Fund could be subject to the 35% withholding tax and U.S. filing requirements unless the foreign person had not held more than 5% of the Fund’s outstanding shares throughout either such person’s holding period for the redeemed shares or, if shorter, the previous five years, 50% or more of the value of the Fund’s shares were held by U.S. entities.

The same rules apply with respect to distributions to a foreign shareholder from the Fund and redemptions of a foreign shareholder’s interest in the Fund attributable to a REIT’s distribution to the Fund of gain from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property or an interest in a U.S. real property holding corporation, if the Fund’s direct or indirect interests in U.S. real property were to exceed certain levels.  

Provided that 50% or more of the value of the Fund’s stock is held by U.S. shareholders, distributions of U.S. real property interests (including securities in a U.S. real property holding corporation, unless such corporation is regularly traded on an established securities market and the Fund has held 5% or less of the outstanding shares of the corporation during the five-year period ending on the date of distribution ), in redemption of a foreign shareholder’s shares of the Fund will cause the Fund to recognize gain.  If the Fund is required to recognize gain, the amount of gain recognized will be equal to the fair market value of such interests over the Fund’s adjusted basis to the extent of the greatest foreign ownership percentage of the Fund during the five-year period ending on the date of redemption.

In the case of foreign non-corporate shareholders, the Fund may be required to backup withhold U.S. federal income tax on distributions that are otherwise exempt from withholding tax unless such shareholders furnish the Fund with proper notification of their foreign status.

Shares of the Fund held by a non-U.S. shareholder at death will be considered situated within the United States and subject to the U.S. estate tax.

Compliance with the HIRE Act.  A 30% withholding tax is imposed on U.S.-source dividends, interest and other income items, including those paid by the Fund and, after December 31, 2018, will be imposed on proceeds from the sale of property producing U.S.-source dividends, including shares in the Fund, paid to (i) foreign financial institutions including non-U.S. investment funds unless they agree to collect and disclose to the IRS information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. account holders and (ii) certain other foreign entities, unless they certify certain information regarding their direct and indirect U.S. owners.  To avoid withholding, foreign financial institutions will need to either enter into agreements with the IRS that state that they will provide the IRS information, including the names, addresses and taxpayer identification numbers of direct and indirect U.S. account holders, comply with due diligence procedures with respect to the identification of U.S. accounts, report to the IRS certain information with respect to U.S. accounts maintained, agree to withhold tax on certain payments made to non-compliant foreign financial institutions or to account holders who fail to provide the required information, and determine certain other information as to their account holders or, in the event that an applicable intergovernmental agreement and implementing legislation are adopted, agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS. Other foreign entities will need to either provide the name, address, and taxpayer identification number of each substantial U.S. owner or certifications of no substantial U.S. ownership unless certain exceptions apply or agree to provide certain information to other revenue authorities for transmittal to the IRS.  Non-U.S. shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of these requirements on their investment in the Fund.  

Requirements of Form 8886.  Under Treasury Regulations, if a shareholder realizes a loss on disposition of the Fund’s shares of at least $2 million in any single taxable year or $4 million in any combination of taxable years for an individual shareholder or at least $10 million in any single taxable year or $20 million in any combination of taxable years for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances. Under certain circumstances, certain tax-exempt entities and their managers may be subject to excise tax if they are parties to certain reportable transactions.

Other Taxes.  Dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on each shareholder’s particular situation.

Changes in Taxation.  The taxation of the Fund, the Portfolio, the Subsidiary and shareholders may be adversely affected by future legislation, Treasury Regulations, IRS revenue procedures and/or guidance issued by the IRS.



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SAI dated December 1, 2016


PORTFOLIO SECURITIES TRANSACTIONS

Decisions concerning the execution of portfolio security transactions, including the selection of the market and the broker-dealer firm, are made by the investment adviser.  Each Fund is responsible for the expenses associated with its portfolio transactions.  The investment adviser is also responsible for the execution of transactions for all other accounts managed by it.  The investment adviser places the portfolio security transactions for execution with one or more broker-dealer firms.  The investment adviser uses its best efforts to obtain execution of portfolio security transactions at prices which in the investment adviser’s judgment are advantageous to the client and at a reasonably competitive spread or (when a disclosed commission is being charged) at reasonably competitive commission rates.  In seeking such execution, the investment adviser will use its best judgment in evaluating the terms of a transaction, and will give consideration to various relevant factors, including without limitation the full range and quality of the broker-dealer firm’s services, responsiveness of the firm to the investment adviser, the size and type of the transaction, the nature and character of the market for the security, the confidentiality, speed and certainty of effective execution required for the transaction, the general execution and operational capabilities of the broker-dealer firm, the reputation, reliability, experience and financial condition of the firm, the value and quality of the services rendered by the firm in this and other transactions, and the amount of the spread or commission, if any.  In addition, the investment adviser may consider the receipt of Research Services (as defined below), provided it does not compromise the investment adviser’s obligation to seek best overall execution for a Fund and is otherwise in compliance with applicable law.  The investment adviser may engage in portfolio brokerage transactions with a broker-dealer firm that sells shares of Eaton Vance funds, provided such transactions are not directed to that firm as compensation for the promotion or sale of such shares.

Municipal obligations, including state obligations, purchased and sold by each Fund are generally traded in the over-the-counter market on a net basis (i.e., without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account rather than as brokers, or otherwise involve transactions directly with the issuer of such obligations.  Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market for such obligations, and the difference between the bid and asked price is customarily referred to as the spread. Each Fund may also purchase municipal obligations from underwriters, and dealers in fixed-price offerings, the cost of which may include undisclosed fees and concessions to the underwriters.  On occasion it may be necessary or appropriate to purchase or sell a security through a broker on an agency basis, in which case the Fund will incur a brokerage commission.  Although spreads or commissions on portfolio security transactions will, in the judgment of the investment adviser, be reasonable in relation to the value of the services provided, spreads or commissions exceeding those which another firm might charge may be paid to firms who were selected to execute transactions on behalf of each Fund and the investment adviser’s other clients for providing brokerage and research services to the investment adviser as permitted by applicable law.

Pursuant to the safe harbor provided in Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Section 28(e )”) and to the extent permitted by other applicable law, a broker or dealer who executes a portfolio transaction may receive a commission that is in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction if the investment adviser determines in good faith that such compensation was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided.  This determination may be made on the basis of either that particular transaction or on the basis of the overall responsibility which the investment adviser and its affiliates have for accounts over which they exercise investment discretion.  “Research Services” as used herein includes any and all brokerage and research services to the extent permitted by Section 28(e ) and other applicable law. Generally, Research Services may include, but are not limited to, such matters as research, analytical and quotation services, data, information and other services products and materials which assist the investment adviser in the performance of its investment responsibilities. More specifically, Research Services may include general economic, political, business and market information, industry and company reviews, evaluations of securities and portfolio strategies and transactions, technical analysis of various aspects of the securities markets, recommendations as to the purchase and sale of securities and other portfolio transactions, certain financial, industry and trade publications, certain news and information services, and certain research oriented computer software, data bases and services.  Any particular Research Service obtained through a broker-dealer may be used by the investment adviser in connection with client accounts other than those accounts which pay commissions to such broker-dealer , to the extent permitted by applicable law.  Any such Research Service may be broadly useful and of value to the investment adviser in rendering investment advisory services to all or a significant portion of its clients, or may be relevant and useful for the management of only one client’s account or of a few clients’ accounts, or may be useful for the management of merely a segment of certain clients’ accounts, regardless of whether any such account or accounts paid commissions to the broker-dealer through which such Research Service was obtained.  The investment adviser evaluates the nature and quality of the various Research Services obtained through broker-dealer firms and , to the extent permitted by applicable law, may attempt to allocate sufficient portfolio security transactions to such firms to ensure the continued receipt of Research Services which the investment adviser believes are useful or of value to it in rendering investment advisory services to its clients.  The investment adviser may also receive brokerage and Research Services from underwriters and dealers in fixed-price offerings , when permitted under applicable law .



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SAI dated December 1, 2016


Research Services provided by (and produced by) broker-dealers that execute portfolio transactions or from affiliates of executing broker-dealers are referred to as “Proprietary Research.” Except for trades executed in jurisdictions where such consideration is not permissible, the investment adviser may and does consider the receipt of Proprietary Research Services as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute client portfolio transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment adviser’s obligation to seek best overall execution.   In jurisdictions where permissible, the investment adviser also may consider the receipt of Research Services under so called “client commission arrangements” or “commission sharing arrangements” (both referred to as “CCAs”) as a factor in selecting broker dealers to execute transactions, provided it does not compromise the investment adviser’s obligation to seek best overall execution. Under a CCA arrangement, the investment adviser may cause client accounts to effect transactions through a broker-dealer and request that the broker-dealer allocate a portion of the commissions paid on those transactions to a pool of commission credits that are paid to other firms that provide Research Services to the investment adviser. Under a CCA, the broker-dealer that provides the Research Services need not execute the trade.  Participating in CCAs may enable the investment adviser to consolidate payments for research using accumulated client commission credits from transactions executed through a particular broker-dealer to periodically pay for Research Services obtained from and provided by other firms, including other broker-dealers that supply Research Services. The investment adviser believes that CCAs offer the potential to optimize the execution of trades and the acquisition of a variety of high quality Research Services that the investment adviser might not be provided access to absent CCAs.  The investment adviser will only enter into and utilize CCAs to the extent permitted by Section 28(e ) and other applicable law.

The investment companies sponsored by the investment adviser or its affiliates also may allocate trades in such offerings to acquire information relating to the performance, fees and expenses of such companies and other investment companies, which information is used by the members of the Board of such companies to fulfill their responsibility to oversee the quality of the services provided to various entities, including the investment adviser, to such companies.  Such companies may also pay cash for such information.

Municipal obligations considered as investments for a Fund may also be appropriate for other investment accounts managed by the investment adviser or its affiliates.  Whenever decisions are made to buy or sell securities by a Fund and one or more of such other accounts simultaneously, the investment adviser will allocate the security transactions (including “new” issues) in a manner which it believes to be equitable under the circumstances.  As a result of such allocations, there may be instances where a Fund will not participate in a transaction that is allocated among other accounts.  If an aggregated order cannot be filled completely, allocations will generally be made on a pro rata basis.  An order may not be allocated on a pro rata basis where, for example: (i) consideration is given to portfolio managers who have been instrumental in developing or negotiating a particular investment; (ii) consideration is given to an account with specialized investment policies that coincide with the particulars of a specific investment; (iii) pro rata allocation would result in odd-lot or de minimis amounts being allocated to a portfolio or other client; or (iv) where the investment adviser reasonably determines that departure from a pro rata allocation is advisable.  While these aggregation and allocation policies could have a detrimental effect on the price or amount of the securities available to a Fund from time to time, it is the opinion of the members of the Board that the benefits from the investment adviser organization outweigh any disadvantage that may arise from exposure to simultaneous transactions.

The following table shows brokerage commissions paid during three fiscal years ended July 31, 2016 , as well as the amount of Fund security transactions for the most recent fiscal year (if any) that were directed to firms that provided some Research Services to the investment adviser or its affiliates (see above), and the commissions paid in connection therewith.

 

Brokerage Commissions* Paid for the Fiscal Year Ended

Amount of Transactions
Directed to Firms
Providing Research

Commissions Paid on Transactions
Directed to Firms
Providing Research

Fund

7/31/ 16

7/31/ 15

7/31/ 14

7/31/ 16

7/31/ 16

Arizona

$ 526

$ 506

$556

$0

$0

Connecticut

$135

$169

$295

$ 0

$ 0

Minnesota

$466

$603

$ 688

$ 0

$ 0

Municipal Opportunities*

$3,009

$2,354

$311

$ 0

$ 0

New Jersey

$1,504

$3,513

$4,209

$ 0

$ 0

Pennsylvania

$696

$3,753

$6,066

$ 0

$ 0

*

As noted above, municipal obligations are traded on a net basis (i.e., without commission).  The brokerage commissions reflected in the table resulted from the Funds’ transactions in futures contracts during the period.

During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , eachFund held no securities of its regular brokers or dealers, as that term is defined in Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act.



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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The audited financial statements of, and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm for each Fund appear in its annual report to shareholders and are incorporated by reference into this SAI. A copy of each annual report accompanies this SAI.

Deloitte & Touche LLP (“D&T”), each Fund’s principal accountant, has informed the Audit Committee that certain relationships between D&T and its affiliates (“Deloitte Entities”) and its lenders who are record owners of more than 10% of the shares of one or more funds within the Eaton Vance family of funds implicate Rule 2-01(c)(1)(ii)(A) of Regulation S-X (the “Loan Rule”), calling into question D&T’s independence with respect to the Eaton Vance family of funds.  The Loan Rule prohibits an accounting firm, such as D&T, from having certain financial relationships with its audit clients and affiliated entities. Specifically, the Loan Rule provides, in relevant part, that an accounting firm generally would not be independent if it receives a loan from a lender that is a “record or beneficial owner of more than ten percent of the audit client’s equity securities.” The Funds are providing this disclosure to explain the facts and circumstances as well as D&T’s conclusions concerning D&T’s objectivity and impartiality with respect to the audits of each Fund.

D&T has advised the Audit Committee of its conclusion that, in light of the facts surrounding its lending relationships, D&T’s objectivity and impartiality in the planning and conduct of the audits of each Fund’s financial statements will not be compromised, D&T is in a position to continue as the auditor for each Fund and no actions need to be taken with respect to previously issued reports by D&T.  D&T has advised the Audit Committee that these conclusions were based in part on the following considerations: (1) Deloitte Entity personnel responsible for managing the lending relationships have had no interactions with the audit engagement team; (2) the lending relationships are in good standing and the principal and interest payments are up-to-date; (3) the lending relationships are not significant to the Deloitte Entities or to D&T.

On June 20, 2016, the SEC issued no-action relief to another mutual fund complex (see Fidelity Management & Research Company et al., No-Action Letter (June 20, 2016) (the “No-Action Letter”)) related to the auditor independence issue described above.  In the No-Action Letter, the SEC indicated that it would not recommend enforcement action against the fund group if the auditor is not in compliance with the Loan Rule provided that: (1) the auditor has complied with PCAOB Rule 3526(b)(1) and 3526(b)(2); (2) the auditor’s non-compliance under the Loan Rule is with respect to certain lending relationships; and (3) notwithstanding such non-compliance, the auditor has concluded that it is objective and impartial with respect to the issues encompassed within its engagement as auditor of the funds.  Based on information provided by D&T, the requirements of the No-Action Letter appear to be met with respect to D&T’s lending relationships described above.  After giving consideration to the guidance provided in the No-Action Letter, D&T affirmed to the Audit Committee that D&T is an independent accountant with respect to each Fund within the meaning of the rules and standards of the PCAOB and the securities laws and regulations administered by the SEC. The SEC has indicated that the no-action relief will expire 18 months from its issuance.

Householding.  Consistent with applicable law, duplicate mailings of shareholder reports and certain other Fund information to shareholders residing at the same address may be eliminated.

Registrant incorporates by reference the audited financial information and the reports of the independent registered public accounting firm for the Funds listed below for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , as previously filed electronically with the SEC:

Eaton Vance Arizona Municipal Income Fund
Eaton Vance Connecticut Municipal Income Fund
Eaton Vance Minnesota Municipal Income Fund
Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund
Eaton Vance New Jersey Municipal Income Fund
Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Municipal Income Fund
(Accession No. 0001193125- 16-721549 )



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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT INVESTMENT STRATEGIES

Asset Coverage

To the extent required by SEC guidance , if a transaction creates a future obligation of the Fund to another party the Fund will : (1) cover the obligation by entering into an offsetting position or transaction; and/ or (2) segregate cash and/ or liquid securities with a value (together with any collateral posted with respect to the obligation) at least equal to the marked-to-market value of the obligation. Assets used as cover or segregated cannot be sold while the position(s) requiring coverage is open unless replaced with other appropriate assets. The types of transactions that may require asset coverage include (but are not limited to) reverse repurchase agreements, repurchase agreements, short sales, securities lending, forward contracts, certain options, forward commitments, futures contracts, when-issued securities, swap agreements and residual interest bonds .

Asset-Backed Securities (“ABS”)

ABS are collateralized by pools of automobile loans, educational loans, home equity loans, credit card receivables, equipment or automobile leases, commercial mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”), utilities receivables, secured or unsecured bonds issued by corporate or sovereign obligors, unsecured loans made to a variety of corporate commercial and industrial loan customers of one or more lending banks, or a combination of these bonds and loans. ABS are “pass through” securities, meaning that principal and interest payments made by the borrower on the underlying assets are passed through to the ABS holder. ABS are issued through special purpose vehicles that are bankruptcy remote from the issuer of the collateral. ABS are subject to interest rate risk and prepayment risk.   Some ABS may receive prepayments that can change their effective maturities.  Issuers of ABS may have limited ability to enforce the security interest in the underlying assets or may have no security in the underlying assets, and credit enhancements provided to support the securities, if any, may be inadequate to protect investors in the event of default. In addition, ABS may experience losses on the underlying assets as a result of certain rights provided to consumer debtors under federal and state law. The value of ABS may be affected by the factors described above and other factors, such as the availability of information concerning the pool and its structure, the creditworthiness of the servicing agent for the pool, the originator of the underlying assets or the entities providing credit enhancements and the ability of the servicer to service the underlying collateral. The value of ABS representing interests in a pool of utilities receivables may be adversely affected by changes in government regulations. While certain ABS may be insured as to the payment of principal and interest, this insurance does not protect the market value of such obligations or the Fund’s net asset value. The value of an insured security will be affected by the credit standing of its insurer.

Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”) and collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) are types of ABS that are backed solely by a pool of other debt securities.  CDOs and CLOs are typically issued in various classes with varying priorities.  The risks of an investment in a CDO or CLO depend largely on the type of the collateral securities and the class of the CDO or CLO in which the Fund invests.  In addition to interest rate, prepayment, default and other risks of ABS and fixed income securities, in general, CDOs and CLOs are subject to additional risks, including the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments, the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default, the Fund may invest in CDOs or CLOs that are subordinate to other classes, and the complex structure may produce disputes with the issuer or unexpected investment results.



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Auction Rate Securities

Auction rate securities, such as auction preferred shares of closed-end investment companies, are preferred securities and debt securities with dividends/coupons based on a rate set at auction. The auction is usually held weekly for each series of a security, but may be held less frequently. The auction sets the rate, and securities may be bought and sold at the auction.  Provided that the auction mechanism is successful, auction rate securities normally permit the holder to sell the securities in an auction at par value at specified intervals. The dividend is reset by a “Dutch” auction in which bids are made by broker-dealers and other institutions for a certain amount of securities at a specified minimum yield. The dividend rate set by the auction is the lowest interest or dividend rate that covers all securities offered for sale. While this process is designed to permit auction rate securities to be traded at par value, there is the risk that an auction will fail due to insufficient demand for the securities. Security holders that submit sell orders in a failed auction may not be able to sell any or all of the shares for which they have submitted sell orders. Security holders may sell their shares at the next scheduled auction, subject to the same risk that the subsequent auction will not attract sufficient demand for a successful auction to occur. Broker-dealers may also try to facilitate secondary trading in the auction rate securities, although such secondary trading may be limited and may only be available for shareholders willing to sell at a discount.  Since mid-February 2008, existing markets for certain auction rate securities have become generally illiquid and investors have not been able to sell their securities through the regular auction process. It is uncertain, particularly in the near term, when or whether there will be a revival of investor interest in purchasing securities sold through auctions. In addition, there may be no active secondary markets for many auction rate securities. Moreover, auction rate securities that do trade in a secondary market may trade at a significant discount from the underlying liquidation or principle amount of the securities. Finally, there recently have been a number of governmental investigations and regulatory settlements involving certain broker-dealers with respect to their prior activities involving auction rate securities.

 

Valuations of such securities is highly speculative, however, dividends on auction rate preferred securities issued by a closed-end fund may be reported, generally on Form 1099, as exempt from federal income tax to the extent they are attributable to tax-exempt interest income earned by the Fund on the securities and distributed to holders of the preferred securities, provided that the preferred securities are treated as equity securities for federal income tax purposes, and the closed-end fund complies with certain requirements under the Code. Investments in auction rate preferred securities of closed-end funds are subject to limitations on investments in other U.S. registered investment companies, which limitations are prescribed by the 1940 Act.

Average Effective Maturity

Average effective maturity is a weighted average of all the maturities of bonds owned by the Fund. Average effective maturity takes into consideration all mortgage payments, puts and adjustable coupons.  In the event the Fund invests in multiple Portfolios, its average weighted maturity is the sum of its allocable share of the average weighted maturity of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolio’s average weighted maturity by the Fund’s percentage ownership of that Portfolio.

Borrowing for Investment Purposes

Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment adviser’s ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There is no assurance that a borrowing strategy will be successful. Upon the expiration of the term of the Fund’s existing credit arrangement, the lender may not be willing to extend further credit to the Fund or may be willing to do so at an increased cost to the Fund. If the Fund is not able to extend its credit arrangement, it may be required to liquidate holdings to repay amounts borrowed from the lender. Borrowing to increase investments generally will magnify the effect on the Fund’s net asset value of any increase or decrease in the value of the security purchased with the borrowings. Successful use of a borrowing strategy depends on the investment adviser’s ability to predict correctly interest rates and market movements. There can be no assurance that the use of borrowings will be successful. In connection with its borrowings, the Fund will be required to maintain specified asset coverage with respect to such borrowings by both the 1940 Act and the terms of its credit facility with the lender.  The Fund may be required to dispose of portfolio investments on unfavorable terms if market fluctuations or other factors reduce the required asset coverage to less than the prescribed amount. Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund.



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Borrowing for Temporary Purposes

The Fund may borrow for temporary purposes (such as to satisfy redemption requests, to remain fully invested in advance of the settlement of share purchases, and to settle transactions).  The Fund’s ability to borrow is subject to its terms and conditions of its credit arrangements, which in some cases may limit the Fund’s ability to borrow under the arrangement.  The Fund will be required to maintain a specified level of asset coverage with respect to all borrowings and may be required to sell some of its holdings to reduce debt and restore coverage at times when it may not be advantageous to do so.  The rights of the lender to receive payments of interest and repayments of principal of any borrowings made by the Fund under a credit arrangement are senior to the rights of holders of shares, with respect to the payment of dividends or upon liquidation. In the event of a default under a credit arrangement, the lenders may have the right to cause a liquidation of the collateral (i.e., sell Fund assets) and, if any such default is not cured, the lenders may be able to control the liquidation as well.  Credit arrangements are subject to annual renewal, which cannot be assured.  If the Fund does not have the ability to borrow for temporary purposes, it may be required to sell securities at inopportune times to meet short-term liquidity needs.  Because the Fund is a party to a joint credit arrangement, it may be unable to borrow some or all of its requested amounts at any particular time.  Borrowings involve additional expense to the Fund.

Build America Bonds

Build America Bonds are taxable municipal obligations issued pursuant to the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (the “Act”) or other legislation providing for the issuance of taxable municipal debt on which the issuer receives federal support. Enacted in February 2009, the Act authorizes state and local governments to issue taxable bonds on which, assuming certain specified conditions are satisfied, issuers may either (i) receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury with respect to its interest payments on the bonds (“direct pay” Build America Bonds); or (ii) provide tax credits to investors in the bonds (“tax credit” Build America Bonds). Unlike most other municipal obligations, interest received on Build America Bonds is subject to federal income tax and may be subject to state income tax. Under the terms of the Act, issuers of direct pay Build America Bonds are entitled to receive reimbursement from the U.S. Treasury currently equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the interest paid. Holders of tax credit Build America Bonds can receive a federal tax credit currently equal to 35% of the coupon interest received. The Fund may invest in “principal only” strips of tax credit Build America Bonds, which entitle the holder to receive par value of such bonds if held to maturity. The Fund does not expect to receive (or pass through to shareholders) tax credits as a result of its investments.  The federal interest subsidy or tax credit continues for the life of the bonds. Build America Bonds are an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has been through issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. Build America Bonds can appeal to a broader array of investors than the high income U.S. taxpayers that have traditionally provided the market for municipal bonds. Build America Bonds may provide a lower net cost of funds to issuers. Pursuant to the terms of the Act, the issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010.  As a result, the availability of such bonds is limited and the market for the bonds and/or their liquidity may be affected.

Call and Put Features on Securities

Issuers of securities may reserve the right to call (redeem) the securities . If an issuer redeems a security with a call right during a time of declining interest rates, the holder of the security may not be able to reinvest the proceeds in securities providing the same investment return as provided by the securities redeemed. Some securities may have “put” or “demand” features that allow early redemption by the holder. Longer term fixed-rate securities may give the holder a right to request redemption at certain times (often annually after the lapse of an intermediate term). This “put” or “demand” feature enhances a security’s liquidity by shortening its effective maturity and enables the security to trade at a price equal to or very close to par. If a demand feature terminates prior to being exercised, the holder of the security would be subject to the longer maturity of the security , which could experience substantially more volatility.   Securities with a “put” or “demand” feature are more defensive than conventional long term securities (protecting to some degree against a rise in interest rates) while providing greater opportunity than comparable intermediate term securities , because they can be retained if interest rates decline.

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents include short term, high quality, U.S. dollar denominated instruments such as commercial paper, certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances issued by U.S. or foreign banks, and Treasury bills and other obligations with a maturity of one year or less, including those issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities.  See “U.S. Government Securities” below. Certificates of deposit are certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank, are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. Bankers’ acceptances are short-term credit instruments used to finance the import, export, transfer or storage of goods. They are termed “accepted” when a bank guarantees their payment at maturity.



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The obligations of foreign branches of U.S. banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by governmental regulation.  Payment of interest and principal upon these obligations may also be affected by governmental action in the country of domicile of the branch (generally referred to as sovereign risk). In addition, evidence of ownership of portfolio securities may be held outside of the U.S. and generally will be subject to the risks associated with the holding of such property overseas. Various provisions of U.S. law governing the establishment and operation of domestic branches do not apply to foreign branches of domestic banks. The obligations of U.S. branches of foreign banks may be general obligations of the parent bank in addition to the issuing branch, or may be limited by the terms of a specific obligation and by federal and state regulation as well as by governmental action in the country in which the foreign bank has its head office.

 

Cash equivalents are often acquired directly from the issuers thereof or otherwise are normally traded on a net basis (without commission) through broker-dealers and banks acting for their own account. Such firms attempt to profit from such transactions by buying at the bid price and selling at the higher asked price of the market, and the difference is customarily referred to as the spread. Cash equivalents may be adversely affected by market and economic events, such as a sharp rise in prevailing short-term interest rates; adverse developments in the banking industry, which issues or guarantees many money market securities; adverse economic, political or other developments affecting domestic issuers of money market securities; changes in the credit quality of issuers; and default by a counterparty.  These securities may be subject to federal income, state income and/or other taxes.  Instead of investing in cash equivalents directly, the Fund may invest in an affiliated money market fund (such as Eaton Vance Cash Reserves Fund, LLC, which is managed by Eaton Vance) or unaffiliated money market fund.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”)  

CMOs are backed by a pool of mortgages or mortgage loans.  The key feature of the CMO structure is the prioritization of the cash flows from the pool of mortgages among the several classes, or tranches, of the CMO, thereby creating a series of obligations with varying rates and maturities.  Senior CMO classes will typically have priority over residual CMOs as to the receipt of principal and or interest payments on the underlying mortgages.  CMOs also issue sequential and parallel pay classes, including planned amortization and target amortization classes, and fixed and floating rate CMO tranches.  CMOs issued by U.S. government agencies are backed by agency mortgages, while privately issued CMOs may be backed by either government agency mortgages or private mortgages.  Payments of principal and interest are passed through to each CMO tranche at varying schedules resulting in bonds with different coupons, effective maturities and sensitivities to interest rates. Parallel pay CMOs are structured to provide payments of principal on each payment date to more than one class, concurrently on a proportionate or disproportionate basis.  Sequential pay CMOs generally pay principal to only one class at a time while paying interest to several classes.  CMOs generally are secured by an assignment to a trustee under the indenture pursuant to which the bonds are issued as collateral consisting of a pool of mortgages. Payments with respect to the underlying mortgages generally are made to the trustee under the indenture. CMOs are designed to be retired as the underlying mortgages are repaid. In the event of sufficient early prepayments on such mortgages, the class or series of CMO first to mature generally will be retired prior to maturity. Therefore, although in most cases the issuer of CMOs will not supply additional collateral in the event of such prepayments, there will be sufficient collateral to secure CMOs that remain outstanding. Floating rate CMO tranches carry interest rates that are tied in a fixed relationship to an index subject to an upper limit, or “cap,” and sometimes to a lower limit, or “floor.” CMOs may be less liquid and may exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (“CMBS”)

CMBS include securities that reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property, such as hotels, office buildings, retail stores, hospitals and other commercial buildings. CMBS may have a lower repayment uncertainty than other mortgage-related securities because commercial mortgage loans generally prohibit or impose penalties on prepayment of principal.  The risks of investing in CMBS reflect the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans, including the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payment, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. CMBS may be less liquid and may exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.



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Commodity-Related Investments

The value of commodities investments will generally be affected by overall market movements and factors specific to a particular industry or commodity, which may include weather, embargoes, tariffs, and health, political, international and regulatory developments. Economic and other events (whether real or perceived) can reduce the demand for commodities, which may reduce market prices and cause the value of Fund shares to fall. The frequency and magnitude of such changes cannot be predicted. Exposure to commodities and commodities markets may subject the Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. No active trading market may exist for certain commodities investments, which may impair the ability of the Fund to sell or to realize the full value of such investments in the event of the need to liquidate such investments. In addition, adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of actively traded commodities investments. Certain types of commodities instruments (such as total return swaps and commodity-linked notes) are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the instrument will not perform or will be unable to perform in accordance with the terms of the instrument. To the extent commodity-related investments are held through the Subsidiary, the Subsidiary is not subject to U.S. laws (including securities laws) and their protections. The Subsidiary is subject to the laws of the Cayman Islands, a foreign jurisdiction, and can be affected by developments in that jurisdiction.

 

Certain commodities are subject to limited pricing flexibility because of supply and demand factors. Others are subject to broad price fluctuations as a result of the volatility of the prices for certain raw materials and the instability of supplies of other materials. These additional variables may create additional investment risks and result in greater volatility than investments in traditional securities.  The commodities that underlie commodity futures contracts and commodity swaps may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs, and international economic, political and regulatory developments.  Unlike the financial futures markets, in the commodity futures markets there are costs of physical storage associated with purchasing the underlying commodity. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity, including the time value of money invested in the physical commodity. To the extent that the storage costs for an underlying commodity change while the Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately.

 

In the commodity futures markets, producers of the underlying commodity may decide to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity by selling futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to purchase the other side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer generally must sell the futures contract at a lower price than the expected future spot price. Conversely, if most hedgers in the futures market are purchasing futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only sell the other side of the futures contract at a higher futures price than the expected future spot price of the commodity. The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price, which can have significant implications for the Fund. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted when it is time for the Fund to reinvest the proceeds of a maturing contract in a new futures contract, the Fund might reinvest at higher or lower futures prices, or choose to pursue other investments.

Common Stocks

Common stock represents an equity ownership interest in the issuing corporation. Holders of common stock generally have voting rights in the issuer and are entitled to receive common stock dividends when, as and if declared by the corporation’s board of directors. Common stock normally occupies the most subordinated position in an issuer’s capital structure. Returns on common stock investments consist of any dividends received plus the amount of appreciation or depreciation in the value of the stock.

 

Although common stocks have historically generated higher average returns than fixed-income securities over the long term and particularly during periods of high or rising concerns about inflation, common stocks also have experienced significantly more volatility in returns and may not maintain their real value during inflationary periods. An adverse event, such as an unfavorable earnings report, may depress the value of a particular common stock. Also, the prices of common stocks are sensitive to general movements in the stock market and a drop in the stock market may depress the price of common stocks. Common stock prices fluctuate for many reasons, including changes in investors’ perceptions of the financial condition of an issuer or the general condition of the relevant stock market, or when political or economic events affecting the issuer occur. In addition, common stock prices may be sensitive to rising interest rates as the costs of capital rise and borrowing costs increase.



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Contingent Convertible Securities

Contingent convertible securities (sometimes referred to as “CoCos”) are convertible securities with loss absorption characteristics. These securities provide for mandatory conversion into common stock of the issuer under certain circumstances. The mandatory conversion may be automatically triggered, for instance, if a company fails to meet the capital minimum with respect to the security, the company’s regulator makes a determination that the security should convert or the company receives specified levels of extraordinary public support. Since the common stock of the issuer may not pay a dividend, investors in these instruments could experience a reduced income rate, potentially to zero; and conversion would deepen the subordination of the investor, hence worsening standing in a bankruptcy. In addition, some such instruments have a set stock conversion rate that would cause an automatic write-down of capital if the price of the stock is below the conversion price on the conversion date. Under similar circumstances, the liquidation value of certain types of contingent convertible securities may be adjusted downward to below the original par value. The write down of the par value would occur automatically and would not entitle the holders to seek bankruptcy of the company. In certain circumstances, contingent convertible securities may write down to zero and investors could lose the entire value of the investment, even as the issuer remains in business.  CoCos may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price.  See also “Hybrid Securities.”

Convertible Securities

A convertible security is a bond, debenture, note, preferred security, or other security that entitles the holder to acquire common stock or other equity securities of the same or a different issuer.   A convertible security entitles the holder to receive interest paid or accrued or the dividend paid on such security until the convertible security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged. Before conversion, convertible securities have characteristics similar to nonconvertible income securities in that they ordinarily provide a stable stream of income with generally higher yields than those of common stocks of the same or similar issuers, but lower yields than comparable nonconvertible securities. The value of a convertible security is influenced by changes in interest rates, with investment value declining as interest rates increase and increasing as interest rates decline. The credit standing of the issuer and other factors also may have an effect on the convertible security’s investment value. A convertible security ranks senior to common stock in a corporation’s capital structure but is usually subordinated to comparable nonconvertible securities.  Convertible securities may be purchased for their appreciation potential when they yield more than the underlying securities at the time of purchase or when they are considered to present less risk of principal loss than the underlying securities. Generally speaking, the interest or dividend yield of a convertible security is somewhat less than that of a non-convertible security of similar quality issued by the same company.  A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the convertible security’s governing instrument.

 

Convertible securities are issued and traded in a number of securities markets. Even in cases where a substantial portion of the convertible securities held by the Fund are denominated in U.S. dollars, the underlying equity securities may be quoted in the currency of the country where the issuer is domiciled. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency in which the debt security is denominated and the currency in which the share price is quoted will affect the value of the convertible security.  With respect to convertible securities denominated in a currency different from that of the underlying equity securities, the conversion price may be based on a fixed exchange rate established at the time the securities are issued, which may increase the effects of currency risk.

 


 

Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the securities to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt securities under certain circumstances.  Certain convertible securities may include loss absorption characteristics that make the securities more equity-like.  This is particularly true of convertible securities issued by companies in the financial services sector.  See “Contingent Convertible Securities.”



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Synthetic convertible securities may include either cash-settled convertibles or manufactured convertibles.  Cash-settled convertibles are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a cash-settled convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. Manufactured convertibles are created by the investment adviser or another party by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e., fixed-income (“fixed-income component”) or a right to acquire equity securities (“convertibility component”). The fixed-income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed-income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred securities and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (“equity features”) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index. A manufactured convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security that has a unitary market value, a manufactured convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total “market value” of such a manufactured convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed-income component and its convertibility component. More flexibility is possible in the creation of a manufactured convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the investment adviser may combine a fixed-income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed-income instrument to create a synthetic convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The investment adviser may also combine a fixed-income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the investment adviser believes such a manufactured convertible would better promote the Fund’s objective than alternative investments. For example, the investment adviser may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuer’s stock with a fixed-income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Fund’s credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a manufactured convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A manufactured convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, “combined” to create a manufactured convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a manufactured convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions.  The value of a manufactured convertible may respond to certain market fluctuations differently from a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event the Fund created a manufactured convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the manufactured convertible would be expected to outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed-income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed-income securities outperform Treasury instruments.

Credit Linked Securities

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  Credit linked securities are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a derivative instrument or basket of derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, and other securities in order to provide exposure to certain fixed-income markets. Credit linked securities may be used as a cash management tool in order to gain exposure to a certain market and to remain fully invested when more traditional income producing securities are not available.  Like an investment in a bond, investments in credit linked securities represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the security. However, these payments are conditioned on the issuer’s receipt of payments from, and the issuer’s potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the issuer invests. An issuer may sell one or more credit default swaps, under which the issuer would receive a stream of payments over the term of the swap agreements provided that no event of default has occurred with respect to the referenced debt obligation upon which the swap is based. If a default occurs, the stream of payments may stop and the issuer would be obligated to pay the counterparty the par (or other agreed upon value) of the referenced debt obligation. This, in turn, would reduce the amount of income and principal that the holder of the credit linked security would receive. Credit linked securities generally will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments.



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Cyber Security Risk

With the increased use of technologies by Fund service providers, such as the Internet to conduct business, the Fund is susceptible to operational, information security and related risks. In general, cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. Cyber attacks include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems (e.g., through “hacking” or malicious software coding) for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data, or causing operational disruption. Cyber attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as causing denial-of-service attacks on websites (i.e., efforts to make network services unavailable to intended users). Cyber security failures or breaches by the Fund’s investment adviser or administrator and other service providers (including, but not limited to, the custodian or transfer agent), and the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, have the ability to cause disruptions and impact business operations potentially resulting in financial losses, interference with the Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV, impediments to trading, the inability of Fund shareholders to transact business, violations of applicable privacy and other laws, regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs, or additional compliance costs. In addition, substantial costs may be incurred in order to prevent any cyber incidents in the future. While various Fund service providers have established business continuity plans and risk management systems intended to identify and mitigate cyber attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified. Furthermore, the Fund cannot control the cyber security plans and systems put in place by service providers to the Fund and issuers in which the Fund invests. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.

Derivative Instruments and Related Risks

Generally, derivatives can be characterized as financial instruments whose performance is derived at least in part from the performance of an underlying reference instrument.  Derivative instruments may be acquired in the United States or abroad and include the various types of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (“OTC”) instruments described herein and other instruments with substantially similar characteristics and risks.  Derivative instruments may be based on securities, indices, currencies, commodities, economic indicators and events (referred to as “reference instruments”).  Fund obligations created pursuant to derivative instruments may be subject to the requirements described under “Asset Coverage” herein.

 

Derivative instruments are subject to a number of risks, including adverse or unexpected movements in the price of the reference instrument, and counterparty, liquidity, tax, correlation and leverage risks.  Use of derivative instruments may cause the realization of higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if such instruments had not been used. Success in using derivative instruments to hedge portfolio assets depends on the degree of price correlation between the derivative instruments and the hedged asset.  Imperfect correlation may be caused by several factors, including temporary price disparities among the trading markets for the derivative instrument, the reference instrument and the Fund’s assets.  To the extent that a derivative instrument is intended to hedge against an event that does not occur, the Fund may realize losses.

 

OTC derivative instruments involve an additional risk in that the issuer or counterparty may fail to perform its contractual obligations. Some derivative instruments are not readily marketable or may become illiquid under adverse market conditions. In addition, during periods of market volatility, an option or commodity exchange or swap execution facility or clearinghouse may suspend or limit trading in an exchange-traded derivative instrument, which may make the contract temporarily illiquid and difficult to price. Commodity exchanges may also establish daily limits on the amount that the price of a futures contract or futures option can vary from the previous day’s settlement price. Once the daily limit is reached, no trades may be made that day at a price beyond the limit. This may prevent the closing out of positions to limit losses.  The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid. The ability to terminate OTC derivative instruments may depend on the cooperation of the counterparties to such contracts. For thinly traded derivative instruments, the only source of price quotations may be the selling dealer or counterparty. In addition, certain provisions of the Code limit the use of derivative instruments.   Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities.  There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will benefit the Fund.



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The regulation of derivatives has undergone substantial change in recent years and such change may continue. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), and regulations proposed to be promulgated thereunder require many derivatives to be cleared and traded on an exchange, expand entity registration requirements, impose business conduct requirements on dealers that enter into swaps with a pension plan, endowment, retirement plan or government entity, and require banks to move some derivatives trading units to a non-guaranteed affiliate separate from the deposit-taking bank or divest them altogether. Although the CFTC has released final rules relating to clearing, reporting, recordkeeping, required margin and registration requirements under the legislation, many of the provisions are subject to further final rule making, and thus its ultimate impact remains unclear. See also “Swap Agreements” herein. New regulations and the implementation of existing regulations could, among other things, restrict the Fund’s ability to engage in derivatives transactions (for example, by making certain types of derivatives transactions no longer available to the Fund) and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions (for example, by increasing margin or capital requirements), and the Fund may be unable to fully execute its investment strategies as a result. Limits or restrictions applicable to the counterparties with which the Fund engages in derivative transactions also could prevent the Fund from using these instruments or affect the pricing or other factors relating to these instruments, or may change the availability of certain investments.

 

Likewise, the SEC has proposed regulations that, if adopted, would significantly change the manner in which a Fund must segregate assets to cover its future obligations. The proposed regulations would restrict its ability to enter into derivative transactions for speculative or hedging purposes and would require the Fund’s Board to adopt a derivative risk management and governance framework. These regulations could also limit the ability of a Fund to use these instruments as part of its investment management strategy, increase the costs of using these instruments or make them less effective. Limits or restrictions applicable to the counterparties with which a Fund engages in derivative transactions also could prevent the Fund from using these instruments or affect the pricing or other factors relating to these instruments, or may change the availability of certain investments.

 

Legislation may be enacted that could negatively affect the assets of the Fund. Legislation or regulation may also change the way in which the Fund itself is regulated. The effects of any new governmental regulation cannot be predicted and there can be no assurance that any new governmental regulation will not adversely affect the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective(s).

Derivative-Linked and Commodity-Linked Hybrid Instruments

A derivative-linked or commodity-linked hybrid instrument (referred to herein as a “hybrid instrument”) is a type of potentially high-risk derivative that combines a traditional stock, bond, or commodity with an option or forward contract. Generally, the principal amount, amount payable upon maturity or redemption, or interest rate of a hybrid instrument is tied (positively or negatively) to the price of some commodity, currency or securities index or another interest rate or some other economic factor (each a “benchmark”). The interest rate or (unlike most fixed-income securities) the principal amount payable at maturity of a hybrid instrument may be increased or decreased, depending on changes in the value of the benchmark. An example of a hybrid instrument is a bond issued by an oil company that pays a small base level of interest with additional interest that accrues in correlation to the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. Such a hybrid instrument would be a combination of a bond and a call option on oil.

 

The risks of investing in hybrid instruments reflect a combination of the risks of investing in securities, options, futures and currencies. An investment in a hybrid instrument may entail significant risks that are not associated with a similar investment in a traditional debt instrument that has a fixed principal amount, is denominated in U.S. dollars or bears interest either at a fixed rate or a floating rate determined by reference to a common, nationally published benchmark. The risks of a particular hybrid instrument will depend upon the terms of the instrument, but may include the possibility of significant changes in the benchmark(s) or the prices of the underlying assets to which the instrument is linked. Such risks generally depend upon factors unrelated to the operations or credit quality of the issuer of the hybrid instrument, which may not be foreseen by the purchaser, such as economic and political events, the supply and demand of the underlying assets and interest rate movements. Hybrid instruments may be highly volatile and their use by the Fund may not be successful.  Hybrid instruments may also carry liquidity risk since the instruments are often “customized” to meet the portfolio needs of a particular investor, and therefore, the number of investors that are willing and able to buy such instruments in the secondary market may be smaller than that for more traditional debt securities.  



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Hybrid instruments may bear interest or pay preferred dividends at below market (or even relatively nominal) rates. Alternatively, hybrid instruments may bear interest at above market rates but bear an increased risk of principal loss (or gain). The latter scenario may result if “leverage” is used to structure the hybrid instrument. Leverage risk occurs when the hybrid instrument is structured so that a given change in a benchmark or underlying asset is multiplied to produce a greater value change in the hybrid instrument, thereby magnifying the risk of loss as well as the potential for gain.

 

Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile and carry greater market risks than traditional debt instruments. Depending on the structure of the particular hybrid instrument, changes in a benchmark may be magnified by the terms of the hybrid instrument and have an even more dramatic and substantial effect upon the value of the hybrid instrument. Also, the prices of the hybrid instrument and the benchmark or underlying asset may not move in the same direction or at the same time.

 

Hybrid instruments can be used as an efficient means of pursuing a variety of investment goals, including currency hedging, duration management, and increased total return and creating exposure to a particular market or segment of that market. The value of a hybrid instrument or its interest rate may be a multiple of a benchmark and, as a result, may be leveraged and move (up or down) more steeply and rapidly than the benchmark. These benchmarks may be sensitive to economic and political events, such as commodity shortages and currency devaluations, which cannot be readily foreseen by the purchaser of a hybrid instrument. Under certain conditions, the redemption value of a hybrid instrument could be zero. The purchase of hybrid instruments also exposes the Fund to the credit risk of the issuer of the hybrids. These risks may cause significant fluctuations in the net asset value of the Fund.

 

Certain hybrid instruments may provide exposure to the commodities markets. These are derivative securities with one or more commodity-linked components that have payment features similar to commodity futures contracts, commodity options, or similar instruments. Commodity-linked hybrid instruments may be either equity or debt securities, leveraged or unleveraged, and are considered hybrid instruments because they have both security and commodity-like characteristics. A portion of the value of these instruments may be derived from the value of a commodity, futures contract, index or other economic variable. The Fund will invest only in commodity-linked hybrid instruments that qualify under applicable rules of the CFTC for an exemption from the provisions of the CEA.  Certain issuers of structured products such as hybrid instruments may be deemed to be investment companies as defined in the 1940 Act. As a result, the Fund’s investments in these products may be subject to limits applicable to investments in investment companies and may be subject to restrictions contained in the 1940 Act.

Direct Investments

Direct investments include (i) the private purchase from an enterprise of an equity interest in the enterprise in the form of shares of common stock or equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures or similar enterprises, and (ii) the purchase of such an equity interest in an enterprise from a principal investor in the enterprise. At the time of making a direct investment, the Fund will enter into a shareholder or similar agreement with the enterprise and one or more other holders of equity interests in the enterprise. These agreements may, in appropriate circumstances, provide the ability to appoint a representative to the board of directors or similar body of the enterprise and for eventual disposition of the investment in the enterprise. Such a representative would be expected to monitor the investment and protect the Fund’s rights in the investment and would not be appointed for the purpose of exercising management or control of the enterprise.

Diversified Status

With respect to 75% of its total assets, an investment company that is registered with the SEC as a “diversified” fund: (1) may not invest more than 5% of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (except obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and securities of other investment companies); and (2) may not own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer.

Dividend Capture Trading

In a typical dividend capture trade, the Fund would buy a stock prior to its ex-dividend date and sell the stock at a point either on or after the ex- dividend date .  The use of a dividend capture trading strategy exposes the Fund to higher portfolio turnover, increased trading costs and potential for capital loss or gain, particularly in the event of significant short-term price movements of stocks subject to dividend capture trading.



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Duration

Duration measures the time-weighted expected cash flows of a fixed-income security, which can determine its sensitivity to changes in the general level of interest rates. Securities with longer durations generally tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than securities with shorter durations. A mutual fund with a longer dollar-weighted average duration generally can be expected to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than a fund with a shorter dollar-weighted average duration. Duration differs from maturity in that it considers a security’s coupon payments in addition to the amount of time until the security matures. Various techniques may be used to shorten or lengthen Fund duration. As the value of a security changes over time, so will its duration.  The duration of a Fund that invests in multiple Portfolios is the sum of its allocable share of the duration of each of the Portfolios in which it invests, which is determined by multiplying the Portfolio’s duration by the Fund’s percentage ownership of that Portfolio.

Emerging Market Investments

The risks described under “Foreign Investments” herein generally are heightened in connection with investments in emerging markets.  Also, investments in securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets may involve certain additional risks that do not generally apply to investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets; (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments; (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments; (iv) national policies that may limit investment opportunities, such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. Trading practices in emerging markets also may be less developed, resulting in inefficiencies relative to trading in more developed markets, which may result in increased transaction costs.  

 

Repatriation of investment income, capital and proceeds of sales by foreign investors may require governmental registration and/or approval in emerging market countries.  There can be no assurance that repatriation of income, gain or initial capital from these countries will occur.  In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors.  

 

Political and economic structures in emerging market countries may undergo significant evolution and rapid development, and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristic of more developed countries. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that any or all of these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that the entire value of an investment in the affected market could be lost. In addition, unanticipated political or social developments may affect the value of investments in these countries and the availability of additional investments. The small size and inexperience of the securities markets in certain of these countries and the limited volume of trading in securities in these countries may make investments in the countries illiquid and more volatile than investments in developed markets.

 

Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Certain emerging market securities may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the acquisition or disposal of securities.  The prices at which investments may be acquired may be affected by trading by persons with material non-public information and by securities transactions by brokers in anticipation of transactions in particular securities.



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Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because brokers and counterparties in such markets may be less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets.  As an alternative to investing directly in emerging markets, exposure may be obtained through derivative investments.

Equity Investments

Equity investments include common stocks; preferred stocks ; depositary receipts; equity interests in trusts, partnerships, joint ventures and other unincorporated entities or enterprises; convertible and contingent convertible preferred stocks; rights and warrants and other securities that are treated as equity for U.S. federal income tax purposes (see “Preferred Stock” and “Hybrid Securities”).

Equity - Linked Securities

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  Equity - linked securities are privately issued securities whose investment results are designed to correspond generally to the performance of a specified stock index or “basket” of securities, or sometimes a single stock.  These securities are used for many of the same purposes as derivative instruments and share many of the same risks.  Equity - linked securities may be considered illiquid and thus subject to the Fund’s restrictions on investments in illiquid securities.



Exchange-Traded Funds (“ETFs”)

ETFs are pooled investment vehicles that are designed to provide investment results corresponding to an index. These indexes may be either broad-based, sector or international.  ETFs usually are units of beneficial interest in an investment trust or represent undivided ownership interests in a portfolio of securities (or commodities), in each case with respect to a portfolio of all or substantially all of the component securities of, and in substantially the same weighting as, the relevant benchmark index.  ETFs are designed to provide investment results that generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the component securities (or commodities) of the benchmark index. ETFs are listed on an exchange and trade in the secondary market on a per-share basis.   The values of ETFs are subject to change as the values of their respective component securities (or commodities) fluctuate according to market volatility.  Investments in ETFs may not exactly match the performance of a direct investment in the respective indices to which they are intended to correspond due to the temporary unavailability of certain index securities in the secondary market or other extraordinary circumstances, such as discrepancies with respect to the weighting of securities.  Typically, the ETF bears its own operational expenses, which are deducted from its assets. To the extent that the Fund invests in ETFs, the Fund must bear these expenses in addition to the expenses of its own operation.

Exchange-Traded Notes (“ETNs”)

ETNs are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities whose returns are linked to the performance of a particular market benchmark or strategy minus applicable fees. ETNs are traded on an exchange during normal trading hours. However, investors can also hold the ETN until maturity. At maturity, the issuer pays to the investor a cash amount equal to the principal amount, subject to the day’s market benchmark or strategy factor.

 

ETNs do not make periodic coupon payments or provide principal protection. ETNs are subject to credit risk and the value of the ETN may drop due to a downgrade in the issuer’s credit rating, despite the underlying market benchmark or strategy remaining unchanged. The value of an ETN may also be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying assets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuer’s credit rating, and economic, legal, political, or geographic events that affect the referenced underlying asset. When the Fund invests in ETNs it will bear its proportionate share of any fees and expenses borne by the ETN. The Fund’s decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market. In addition, although an ETN may be listed on an exchange, the issuer may not be required to maintain the listing and there can be no assurance that a secondary market will exist for an ETN.

 

ETNs are subject to tax risk. No assurance can be given that the IRS will accept, or a court will uphold, how the Fund characterizes and treats ETNs for tax purposes. Further, the IRS and Congress are considering proposals that would change the timing and character of income and gains from ETNs.



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An ETN that is tied to a specific market benchmark or strategy may not be able to replicate and maintain exactly the composition and relative weighting of securities, commodities or other components in the applicable market benchmark or strategy. Some ETNs that use leverage can, at times, be relatively illiquid and, thus, they may be difficult to purchase or sell at a fair price. Leveraged ETNs are subject to the same risk as other instruments that use leverage in any form.

 

The market value of ETN shares may differ from that of their market benchmark or strategy. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETN shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the securities, commodities or other components underlying the market benchmark or strategy that the ETN seeks to track. As a result, there may be times when an ETN share trades at a premium or discount to its market benchmark or strategy.

Fixed-Income Securities

Fixed-income securities include bonds, preferred, preference and convertible securities, notes, debentures, asset-backed securities (including those backed by mortgages), loan participations and assignments, equipment lease certificates, equipment trust certificates and conditional sales contracts. Generally, issuers of fixed-income securities pay investors periodic interest and repay the amount borrowed either periodically during the life of the security and/or at maturity.  Some fixed-income securities, such as zero coupon bonds, do not pay current interest, but are purchased at a discount from their face values, and values accumulate over time to face value at maturity.  The market prices of fixed-income securities fluctuate depending on such factors as interest rates, credit quality and maturity.  In general, market prices of fixed-income securities decline when interest rates rise and increase when interest rates fall. Fixed-income securities are subject to risk factors such as sensitivity to interest rate and real or perceived changes in economic conditions, payment expectations, liquidity and valuation.  Fixed-income securities with longer maturities (for example, over ten years) are more affected by changes in interest rates and provide less price stability than securities with short-term maturities (for example, one to ten years). Fixed-income securities bear the risk of principal and interest default by the issuer, which will be greater with higher yielding, lower grade securities. During an economic downturn, the ability of issuers to service their debt may be impaired.  The rating assigned to a fixed-income security by a rating agency does not reflect assessment of the volatility of the security’s market value or of the liquidity of an investment in the securities. Credit ratings are based largely on the issuer’s historical financial condition and a rating agency’s investment analysis at the time of rating, and the rating assigned to any particular security is not necessarily a reflection of the issuer’s current financial condition. Credit quality can change from time to time, and recently issued credit ratings may not fully reflect the actual risks posed by a particular high yield security. If relevant to the Fund(s) in this SAI, corporate bond ratings are described in an appendix to the SAI (see the table of contents).   Preferred stock and certain other hybrid securities may pay a fixed-dividend rate, but may be considered equity securities for purposes of a Fund’s investment restrictions (see “Preferred Stock” and “Hybrid Securities”).  As described in the Prospectus, the Fund may also invest in event-linked instruments .

Foreign Currency Transactions

As measured in U.S. dollars, the value of assets denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably or unfavorably by changes in foreign currency rates and exchange control regulations. Currency exchange rates can also be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or the failure to intervene, or by currency controls or political developments in the United States or abroad. Foreign currency exchange transactions may be conducted on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market or through entering into derivative currency transactions (see “Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts,” “Option Contracts,” “Futures Contracts” and “Swap Agreements – Currency Swaps” herein).  Currency transactions are subject to the risk of a number of complex political and economic factors applicable to the countries issuing the underlying currencies. Furthermore, unlike trading in most other types of instruments, there is no systematic reporting of last sale information with respect to the foreign currencies underlying the derivative currency transactions. As a result, available information may not be complete. In an over-the-counter trading environment, there are no daily price fluctuation limits.



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Foreign Investments

Investing in securities issued by companies whose principal business activities are outside the United States may involve significant risks not present in domestic investments. For example, because foreign companies may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements and regulatory measures comparable to those applicable to U.S. companies, there may be less publicly available information about a foreign company than about a domestic company. Volume and liquidity in most foreign debt markets is less than in the United States and securities of some foreign companies are less liquid and more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. There is generally less government supervision and regulation of securities exchanges, broker-dealers and listed companies than in the United States. In addition, with respect to certain foreign countries, there is the possibility of nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, currency blockage, political or social instability, or diplomatic developments, which could affect investments in those countries. Any of these actions could adversely affect securities prices, impair the Fund’s ability to purchase or sell foreign securities, or transfer the Fund’s assets or income back to the United States, or otherwise adversely affect Fund operations.  In the event of nationalization, expropriation or confiscation, the Fund could lose its entire investment in that country.  

 

Other potential foreign market risks include exchange controls, difficulties in valuing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, and difficulties of enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts.  Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, and balance of payments position. Certain economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures.  Foreign securities markets, while growing in volume and sophistication, are generally not as developed as those in the United States.  Foreign countries may not have the infrastructure or resources to respond to natural and other disasters that interfere with economic activities, which may adversely affect issuers located in such countries.

 

Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Payment for securities before delivery may be required and in some countries delayed settlements are customary, which increases the Fund’s risk of loss. The Fund generally holds its foreign securities and related cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on the Fund’s ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank, depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt.  Certain countries may require withholding on dividends paid on portfolio securities and on realized capital gains.

 

In addition, it is often more expensive to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. Foreign brokerage commissions are generally higher than commissions on securities traded in the United States and may be non-negotiable.  The fees paid to foreign banks and securities depositories generally are higher than those charged by U.S. banks and depositories.  The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount earned on investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States.

 

Depositary receipts (including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) and Global Depositary Receipts “GDRs”)) are certificates evidencing ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to directly purchasing the underlying foreign securities in their national markets and currencies. However, they continue to be subject to many of the risks associated with investing directly in foreign securities. These risks include the political and economic risks of the underlying issuer’s country, as well as in the case of depositary receipts traded on foreign markets, exchange risk.  Depositary receipts may be sponsored or unsponsored. Unsponsored depositary receipts are established without the participation of the issuer. As a result, available information concerning the issuer of an unsponsored depository receipt may not be as current as for sponsored depositary receipts, and the prices of unsponsored depositary receipts may be more volatile than if such instruments were sponsored by the issuer. Unsponsored depositary receipts may involve higher expenses, may not pass through voting or other shareholder rights and they may be less liquid.



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Unless otherwise provided in the Prospectus, in determining the domicile of an issuer, the investment adviser may consider the domicile determination of the Fund’s benchmark index or a leading provider of global indexes and may take into account such factors as where the company’s securities are listed, and where the company is legally organized, maintains principal corporate offices and/or conducts its principal operations.

Forward Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  A forward foreign currency exchange contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts may be bought or sold to protect against an adverse change in the relationship between currencies or to increase exposure to a particular foreign currency. Cross-hedging may be done by using forward contracts in one currency (or basket of currencies) to hedge against fluctuations in the value of instruments denominated in a different currency (or the basket of currencies and the underlying currency). Use of a different foreign currency (for hedging or non-hedging purposes) magnifies exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts are individually negotiated and privately traded so they are dependent upon the creditworthiness of the counterparty. The precise matching of the forward contract amounts and the value of the instruments denominated in the corresponding currencies will not generally be possible. In addition, it may not be possible to hedge against long-term currency changes.

 

When a currency is difficult to hedge or to hedge against the U.S. dollar, the Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell a currency whose changes in value are generally considered to be linked to such currency. Currency transactions can result in losses if the currency being hedged fluctuates in value to a degree or in a direction that is not anticipated. In addition, there is the risk that the perceived linkage between various currencies may not be present or may not be present during the particular time the hedge is in place. If the Fund purchases a bond denominated in a foreign currency with a higher interest rate than is available on U.S. bonds of a similar maturity, the additional yield on the foreign bond could be substantially reduced or lost if the Fund were to enter into a direct hedge by selling the foreign currency and purchasing the U.S. dollar.  

 

Some of the forward foreign currency exchange contracts may be classified as non-deliverable forwards (“NDFs”). NDFs are cash-settled, forward contracts that may be thinly traded. NDFs are commonly quoted for time periods of one month up to two years, and are normally quoted and settled in U.S. dollars, but may be settled in other currencies. They are often used to gain exposure to or hedge exposure to foreign currencies that are not internationally traded.  NDFs may also be used to gain or hedge exposure to gold.

Forward Rate Agreements

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  Under a forward rate agreement, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. Any such gain received by the Fund would be taxable.  These instruments are traded in the OTC market.



Futures Contracts

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  Futures contracts are standardized contracts that obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of the underlying reference instrument at a specified future date at a specified price.  These contracts are traded on exchanges, so that, in most cases, either party can close out its position on the exchange for cash, without delivering the underlying asset.  Upon purchasing or selling a futures contract, a purchaser or seller is required to deposit collateral (initial margin).  Each day thereafter until the futures position is closed, the purchaser or seller will pay additional margin (variation margin) representing any loss experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day or be entitled to a payment representing any profit experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day.  A public market exists in futures contracts covering a number of indexes as well as financial instruments and foreign currencies. It is expected that other futures contracts will be developed and traded in the future.  In computing daily net asset value, the Fund will mark to market its open futures positions. The Fund is also required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it. Futures contracts are traded on exchanges or boards of trade that are licensed by the CFTC and must be executed through a futures commission merchant or brokerage firm that is a member of the relevant exchange or board.



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Although some futures contracts call for making or taking delivery of the underlying reference instrument, generally these obligations are closed out prior to delivery by offsetting purchases or sales of matching futures contracts (same exchange, underlying security or index, and delivery month). Closing a futures contract sale is effected by purchasing a futures contract for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument or commodity with the same delivery date. If an offsetting purchase price is less than the original sale price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is more, the Fund realizes a capital loss. Conversely, if an offsetting sale price is more than the original purchase price, the Fund realizes a capital gain, or if it is less, the Fund realizes a capital loss.

Health Sciences Companies

To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in health sciences companies.

High Yield Securities

High yield securities (commonly referred to as “junk ”) are considered to be of below investment grade quality and generally provide greater income potential and/or increased opportunity for capital appreciation than investments in higher quality securities but they also typically entail greater potential price volatility and principal and income risk.   High yield securities are regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the entity’s continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments.  Also, their yields and market values may fluctuate more than higher rated securities.  Fluctuations in value do not affect the cash income from the securities, but are reflected in the Fund’s net asset value.  The greater risks and fluctuations in yield and value occur, in part, because investors generally perceive issuers of lower rated and unrated securities to be less creditworthy. The secondary market on which high yield securities are traded may be less liquid than the market for higher grade securities.



Hybrid Securities

Hybrid securities generally possess characteristics common to both equity and debt securities. These securities may at times behave more like equity than debt, or vice versa. Preferred stocks, convertible securities and certain debt obligations are types of hybrid securities.  Hybrid securities generally have a preference over common stock and perpetual or near perpetual terms. Hybrid securities generally do not have voting rights or have limited voting rights.  Because hybrid securities have both debt and equity characteristics, their values vary in response to many factors, including general market and economic conditions, issuer-specific events, changes in interest rates, credit spreads and the credit quality of the issuer, and, for convertible securities, factors affecting the securities into which they convert.  Hybrid securities may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price. Hybrid securities may pay a fixed or variable rate of interest or dividends. The prices and yields of nonconvertible hybrid securities generally move with changes in interest rates and the issuer’s credit quality, similar to the factors affecting debt securities. If the issuer of a hybrid security experiences financial difficulties, the value of such security may be adversely affected similar to the issuer’s outstanding common stock or subordinated debt instruments.  See also “Preferred Stock,” “Convertible Securities” and “Contingent Convertible Securities.”  

 


 




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Illiquid Securities

Illiquid securities include securities legally restricted as to resale, and may include commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the 1933 Act and securities eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A thereunder. Section 4(a)(2) and Rule 144A securities may, however, be treated as liquid by the investment adviser pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board, which require consideration of factors such as trading activity, availability of market quotations and number of dealers willing to purchase the security. Even if determined to be liquid, Rule 144A securities may increase the level of portfolio illiquidity if eligible buyers become uninterested in purchasing such securities.

 

It may be difficult to sell illiquid securities at a price representing fair value until such time as the securities may be sold publicly. It also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Fund’s net asset value.  Where registration is required, a considerable period of time may elapse between a decision to sell the securities and the time when the Fund would be permitted to sell. Thus, the Fund may not be able to obtain as favorable a price as that prevailing at the time of the decision to sell. The Fund may incur additional expense when disposing of illiquid securities, including all or a portion of the cost to register the securities.  The Fund also may acquire securities through private placements under which it may agree to contractual restrictions on the resale of such securities that are in addition to applicable legal restrictions. Such restrictions might prevent the sale of such securities at a time when such sale would otherwise be desirable.

 

At times, a portion of the Fund’s assets may be invested in securities as to which the Fund, by itself or together with other accounts managed by the investment adviser and its affiliates, holds a major portion or all of such securities. Under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund could find it more difficult to sell such securities when the investment adviser believes it advisable to do so or may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held.  It may also be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Fund’s net asset value.  See also “Restricted Securities.”



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Indexed Securities

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  Indexed securities are securities that fluctuate in value with an index. The interest rate or, in some cases, the principal payable at the maturity of an indexed security may change positively or inversely in relation to one or more interest rates, financial indices, securities prices or other financial indicators (“reference prices”). An indexed security may be leveraged to the extent that the magnitude of any change in the interest rate or principal payable on an indexed security is a multiple of the change in the reference price. Thus, indexed securities may decline in value due to adverse market changes in reference prices. Because indexed securities derive their value from another instrument, security or index, they are considered derivative debt securities, and are subject to different combinations of prepayment, extension, interest rate and/or other market risks. Indexed securities may include interest only (“IO”) and principal only (“PO”) securities, floating rate securities linked to the Cost of Funds Index (“COFI floaters”), other “lagging rate” floating securities, floating rate securities that are subject to a maximum interest rate (“capped floaters”), leveraged floating rate securities (“super floaters”), leveraged inverse floating rate securities (“inverse floaters”), dual index floaters, range floaters, index amortizing notes and various currency indexed notes.  Indexed securities may be issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities or, if privately issued, collateralized by mortgages that are insured, guaranteed or otherwise backed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities.

Inflation-Indexed (or Inflation-Linked) Bonds

Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed-income securities the principal value of which is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Inflation-indexed bonds are issued by governments, their agencies or instrumentalities and corporations. Two structures are common: The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Most other issuers pay out the inflation accruals as part of a semiannual coupon.  The principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond is adjusted in response to changes in the level of inflation.  Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, and therefore, the principal amount of such bonds cannot be reduced below par even during a period of deflation.  However, the current market value of these bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate, reflecting the risk of changes in their yields.  In certain jurisdictions outside the United States, the repayment of the original bond principal upon the maturity of an inflation-indexed bond is not guaranteed, allowing for the amount of the bond repaid at maturity to be less than par.  The interest rate for inflation-indexed bonds is fixed at issuance as a percentage of this adjustable principal.  Accordingly, the actual interest income may both rise and fall as the principal amount of the bonds adjusts in response to movements in the Consumer Price Index.  

 

The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates in turn are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if inflation were to rise at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in value of inflation-indexed bonds. In contrast, if nominal interest rates increased at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-indexed bonds. While these securities are expected to be protected from long-term inflationary trends, short-term increases in inflation may lead to a decline in value. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bond’s inflation measure.

Investing in a Portfolio

The Board may discontinue the Fund’s investment in one or more Portfolios if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders to do so. In such an event, the Board would consider what action might be taken, including investing Fund assets in another pooled investment entity or retaining an investment adviser to manage Fund assets in accordance with its investment objective(s). The Fund’s investment performance and expense ratio may be affected if its investment structure is changed or if another Portfolio investor withdraws all or a portion of its investment in the Portfolio.

Investments in the Subsidiary

The Subsidiary is organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, and is overseen by a sole director affiliated with Eaton Vance. The Fund is the sole shareholder of the Subsidiary, and it is not currently expected that shares of the Subsidiary will be sold or offered to other investors. The Subsidiary expects to invest primarily in commodity-linked derivative instruments, including swap agreements, commodity options, futures and options on futures, backed by a portfolio of inflation-indexed securities and other fixed-income securities and is also permitted to invest in any other investments permitted by the Fund. To the extent that the Fund invests in the Subsidiary, the Fund will be subject to the risks associated with those derivative instruments and other securities, which are discussed elsewhere in the Prospectus and this SAI.



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While the Subsidiary may be operated similarly to the Fund, it is not registered under the 1940 Act and, unless otherwise noted in the Prospectus and this SAI, is not subject to the investor protections of the 1940 Act and other U.S. regulations. Changes in the laws of the U.S. and/or the Cayman Islands could result in the inability of the Fund and/or the Subsidiary to operate as described in the Prospectus and this SAI and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders.

Junior Loans

Due to their lower place in the borrower’s capital structure and possible unsecured status, certain loans (“Junior Loans”) involve a higher degree of overall risk than Senior Loans (described below) of the same borrower.  Junior Loans may be direct loans or purchased either in the form of an assignment or a loan participation.  Junior Loans are subject to the same general risks inherent in any loan investment (see “Loans” below). Junior Loans include secured and unsecured subordinated loans, as well as second lien loans and subordinated bridge loans. A second lien loan is generally second in line in terms of repayment priority and may have a claim on the same collateral pool as the first lien, or it may be secured by a separate set of assets. Second lien loans generally give investors priority over general unsecured creditors in the event of an asset sale.

 

Bridge loans or bridge facilities are short-term loan arrangements (e.g., 12 to 18 months) typically made by a borrower in anticipation of intermediate-term or long-term permanent financing. Most bridge loans are structured as floating-rate debt with step-up provisions under which the interest rate on the bridge loan rises the longer the loan remains outstanding and may be converted into senior exchange notes if the loan has not been prepaid in full on or prior to its maturity date. Bridge loans may be subordinate to other debt and may be secured or unsecured. Bridge loans are generally made with the expectation that the borrower will be able to obtain permanent financing in the near future. Any delay in obtaining permanent financing subjects the bridge loan investor to increased risk. A borrower with an outstanding bridge loan may be unable to locate permanent financing to replace the bridge loan, which may impair the borrower’s perceived creditworthiness. From time to time, the Fund may make a commitment to participate in a bridge loan facility, obligating itself to participate in the facility if it funds. In return for this commitment, the Fund receives a fee.

 

For additional disclosure relating to investing in loans (including Junior Loans), see “Loans” below.  

Liquidity or Protective Put Agreements

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  The Fund may enter into a separate agreement with the seller of an instrument or some other person granting the Fund the right to put the instrument to the seller thereof or the other person at an agreed upon price.  Interest income generated by certain municipal bonds with put or demand features may be taxable.

Loan Facility

Senior Debt Portfolio may employ borrowings and leverage as described in the Prospectus. The Portfolio has entered into a commercial paper program and liquidity facility subject to the terms of an Order of the SEC (Release No. 26320) granting an exemption from Section 18(f)(1) of the 1940 Act. The program, administered by Citicorp North America, Inc., is with certain conduit lenders who issue commercial paper, in an amount currently up to approximately $ 1. 2 billion and by direct bank lending of approximately $800 million currently, through which the Portfolio employs leverage pursuant to its investment guidelines and subject to the risks described in the Prospectus. Under the terms of the program, the Portfolio pays an annual fee equal to 0. 67 % on its outstanding borrowings for the administration of the program , an annual fee of either 0.15% or 0.25% on the total commitment amount depending on the amount of outstanding borrowings, and an up-front fee of 0.10% on the commitment amount, as well as interest on advances under the program.  The program term is 364-days.  There can be no assurance that the program will be renewed or renewed on the same terms or amount once it expires.



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Loans

Loans may be primary, direct investments or investments in loan assignments or participation interests.  A loan assignment represents a portion or the entirety of a loan and a portion of the entirety of a position previously attributable to a different lender. The purchaser of an assignment typically succeeds to all the rights and obligations under the loan agreement and has the same rights and obligations as the assigning investor.  However, assignments through private negotiations may cause the purchaser of an assignment to have different and more limited rights than those held by the assigning investor.  Loan participation interests are interests issued by a lender or other entity and represent a fractional interest in a loan. The Fund typically will have a contractual relationship only with the financial institution that issued the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may have the right to receive payments of principal, interest and any fees to which it is entitled only from the financial institution and only upon receipt by such entity of such payments from the borrower. In connection with purchasing a participation interest, the Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement, nor any rights with respect to any funds acquired by other investors through set-off against the borrower and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the loan in which it has purchased the participation interest. As a result, the Fund may assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the financial institution issuing the participation interest. In the event of the insolvency of the entity issuing a participation interest, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity.

 

Loans may be originated by a lending agent, such as a financial institution or other entity, on behalf of a group or “syndicate” of loan investors (the “Loan Investors”).  In such a case, the agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to pursue appropriate remedies against the borrower.

 

Loan investments may be made at par or at a discount or premium to par.  The interest payable on a loan may be fixed or floating rate, and paid in cash or in-kind.  In connection with transactions in loans, the Fund may be subject to facility or other fees.  Loans may be secured by specific collateral or other assets of the borrower, guaranteed by a third party, unsecured or subordinated.  During the term of a loan, the value of any collateral securing the loan may decline in value, causing the loan to be under collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrower’s obligations under the loan. In addition, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral.

 

A lender’s repayment and other rights primarily are determined by governing loan, assignment or participation documents, which (among other things) typically establish the priority of payment on the loan relative to other indebtedness and obligations of the borrower.  In the event of bankruptcy, applicable law may impact a lender’s ability to enforce its rights under such documents.  Investing in loans involves the risk of default by the borrower or other party obligated to repay the loan.  In the event of insolvency of the borrower or other obligated party, the Fund may be treated as a general creditor of such entity unless it has rights that are senior to that of other creditors or secured by specific collateral or assets of the borrower.  Fixed-rate loans are also subject to the risk that their value will decline in a rising interest rate environment.  This risk is mitigated for floating-rate loans, where the interest rate payable on the loan resets periodically by reference to a base lending rate.  The base lending rate usually is the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), the Federal Reserve federal funds rate, the prime rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders. LIBOR usually is an average of the interest rates quoted by several designated banks as the rates at which they pay interest to major depositors in the London interbank market on U.S. dollar-denominated deposits.



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The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of the borrower or other entity obligated to repay a loan. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any collateral or other assets securing the loan or acquired as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any collateral or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses relating to the collateral) as the investment adviser may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the Fund’s investment and/or maximize the return on such investment.  The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to loans in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such loans.  In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive equity or equity-like securities from a borrower to settle the loan or may acquire an equity interest in the borrower.  Representatives of the Fund also may join creditor or similar committees relating to loans.

 

Lenders can be sued by other creditors and the debtor and its shareholders. Losses could be greater than the original loan amount and occur years after the loan’s recovery. If a borrower becomes involved in bankruptcy proceedings, a court may invalidate the Fund’s security interest in any loan collateral or subordinate the Fund’s rights under the loan agreement to the interests of the borrower’s unsecured creditors or cause interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. There are also other events, such as the failure to perfect a security interest due to faulty documentation or faulty official filings, which could lead to the invalidation of the Fund’s security interest in loan collateral. If any of these events occur, the Fund’s performance could be negatively affected.

 

Interests in loans generally are not listed on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system and no active market may exist for many loans, making them illiquid. As described below, a secondary market exists for many Senior Loans, but it may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods.

 

From time to time the investment adviser and its affiliates may borrow money from various banks in connection with their business activities. Such banks may also sell interests in loans to or acquire them from the Fund or may be intermediate participants with respect to loans in which the Fund owns interests. Such banks may also act as agents for loans held by the Fund.

 

To the extent that legislation or state or federal regulators that regulate certain financial institutions impose additional requirements or restrictions with respect to the ability of such institutions to make loans, particularly in connection with highly leveraged transactions, the availability of loans for investment may be adversely affected. Further, such legislation or regulation could depress the market value of loans.

 

For additional disclosures relating to Junior and Senior Loans, see “Junior Loans” and “Senior Loans” herein.

Master Limited Partnerships (“MLPs”)

MLPs are publicly-traded limited partnership interests or units. An MLP that invests in a particular industry (e.g., oil and gas) will be harmed by detrimental economic events within that industry. As partnerships, MLPs may be subject to less regulation (and less protection for investors) under state laws than corporations. In addition, MLPs may be subject to state taxation in certain jurisdictions, which may reduce the amount of income paid by an MLP to its investors.

Mortgage-Backed Securities (“MBS”)

MBS are “pass through” securities, meaning that a pro rata share of regular interest and principal payments, as well as unscheduled early prepayments, on the underlying mortgage pool is passed through monthly to the holder.  MBS may include conventional mortgage pass through securities, participation interests in pools of adjustable and fixed rate mortgage loans, stripped mortgage-backed securities (described herein), floating rate mortgage-backed securities and certain classes of multiple class CMOs. MBS pay principal to the holder over their term, which differs from other forms of debt securities that normally provide for principal payment at maturity or specified call dates. MBS are subject to the general risks associated with investing in real estate securities; that is, they may lose value if the value of the underlying real estate to which a pool of mortgages relates declines.  In addition, investments in MBS involve certain specific risks, including the failure of a party to meet its commitments under the related operative documents, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows.  Certain MBS may be purchased on a when-issued basis subject to certain limitations and requirements.



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There are currently four types of MBS: (1) those issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”); (2) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by pass through securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; (3) those issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities without a government guarantee, such as credit risk transfer bonds; and (4 ) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by whole mortgage loans or pass through securities without a government guarantee but that usually have some form of private credit enhancement.  Privately issued MBS are structured similar to GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC MBS, and are issued by originators or and investors in mortgage loans, including depositary institutions mortgage banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing.

 

GNMA Certificates and FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates are MBS representing part ownership of a pool of mortgage loans. GNMA loans (issued by lenders such as mortgage bankers, commercial banks and savings and loan associations) are either insured by the Federal Housing Administration or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration. A pool of such mortgages is assembled and, after being approved by GNMA, is offered to investors through securities dealers. Once such pool is approved by GNMA, the timely payment of interest and principal on the Certificates issued representing such pool is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. GNMA is a wholly owned U.S. Government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development.  FNMA, a federally chartered corporation owned entirely by private stockholders, purchases both conventional and federally insured or guaranteed residential mortgages from various entities, including savings and loan associations, savings banks, commercial banks, credit unions and mortgage bankers, and packages pools of such mortgages in the form of pass-through securities generally called FNMA Mortgage-Backed Certificates, which are guaranteed as to timely payment of principal and interest by FNMA but are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government; however, they are supported by the right of FNMA to borrow from the U.S. Treasury Department.

 

 FHLMC, a corporate instrumentality of the U.S. Government created by Congress for the purposes of increasing the availability of mortgage credit for residential housing, issues participation certificates (“PCs”) representing undivided interest in FHLMC’S mortgage portfolio. While FHLMC guarantees the timely payment of interest and ultimate collection of the principal of its PCs, its PCs are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. FHLMC PCs differ from GNMA Certificates in that the mortgages underlying the PCs are monthly “conventional” mortgages rather than mortgages insured or guaranteed by a federal agency or instrumentality. However, in several other respects, such as the monthly pass-through of interest and principal (including unscheduled prepayments) and the unpredictability of future unscheduled prepayments on the underlying mortgage pools, FHLMC PCs are similar to GNMA Certificates.  

 

While it is not possible to accurately predict the life of a particular issue of MBS, the actual life of any such security is likely to be substantially less than the final maturities of the mortgage loans underlying the security. This is because unscheduled early prepayments of principal on MBS will result from the prepayment, refinancings or foreclosure of the underlying mortgage loans in the mortgage pool. Prepayments of MBS may not be able to be reinvested at the same interest rate.  Because of the regular scheduled payments of principal and the early unscheduled prepayments of principal, MBS is less effective than other types of obligations as a means of “locking-in” attractive long-term interest rates. As a result, this type of security may have less potential for capital appreciation during periods of declining interest rates than other U.S. Government securities of comparable maturities, although many issues of MBS may have a comparable risk of decline in market value during periods of rising interest rates. If MBS is purchased at a premium above its par value, a scheduled payment of principal and an unscheduled prepayment of principal, which would be made at par, will accelerate the realization of a loss equal to that portion of the premium applicable to the payment or prepayment. If MBS has been purchased at a discount from its par value, both a scheduled payment of principal and an unscheduled prepayment of principal will increase current returns and will accelerate the recognition of income, which, when distributed to Fund shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income.



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Mortgage Dollar Rolls

In a mortgage dollar roll, the Fund sells MBS for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) MBS on a specified future date. During the roll period, the Fund forgoes principal and interest paid on the MBS.  The Fund is compensated by the difference between the current sales price and the lower forward price for the future purchase (often referred to as the “drop”) as well as by the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sales. Cash proceeds may be invested in instruments that are permissible investments for the Fund.  The use of mortgage dollar rolls is a speculative technique involving leverage.  A “covered roll” is a specific type of dollar roll for which there is an offsetting cash position or permissible liquid assets earmarked or in a segregated account to secure the obligation for the forward commitment to buy MBS, or a cash equivalent security position that matures on or before the forward settlement date of the dollar roll transaction. The Fund will enter into only covered rolls. Covered rolls are not treated as a borrowing or other senior security and will be excluded from the calculation of the Fund’s borrowings and other senior securities.

Municipal Lease Obligations (“MLOs”)

MLOs are obligations in the form of a lease, installment purchase or conditional sales contract (which typically provide for the title to the leased asset to pass to the governmental issuer) that is issued by state or local governments to acquire equipment and facilities. Interest income from MLOs is generally exempt from local and state taxes in the state of issuance.  MLOs, like other municipal debt obligations, are subject to the risk of non-payment. Although MLOs do not constitute general obligations of the issuer for which the issuer’s unlimited taxing power is pledged, a lease obligation is frequently backed by the issuer’s covenant to budget for, appropriate and make the payments due under the lease obligation.  However, certain lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses, which provide that the issuer has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. Although “non-appropriation” lease obligations may be secured by the leased property, disposition of the property in the event of foreclosure might prove difficult. Participations in municipal leases are undivided interests in a portion of the total obligation. Participations entitle their holders to receive a pro rata share of all payments under the lease.

 

MLOs and participations therein represent a type of financing that may not have the depth of marketability associated with more conventional securities and, as such, they may be less liquid than conventional securities.  Certain MLOs may be deemed illiquid for the purpose of the Fund’s limitation on investments in illiquid securities, unless determined by the investment adviser, pursuant to guidelines adopted by the Board, to be liquid securities. The investment adviser will consider an MLO to be liquid if it is rated investment grade (being an MLO rated BBB or Baa or higher) by a nationally recognized statistical ratings organization or is insured by an insurer rated investment grade.  If an MLO or participation does not meet the foregoing criteria, then the investment adviser will consider the MLO to be illiquid unless it conducts an analysis of relevant factors and concludes that the MLO is liquid.  In conducting such an analysis, the investment adviser will consider the factors it believes are relevant to the marketability of the obligation, to the extent that information regarding such factor is available to the investment adviser and pertinent to the liquidity determination, which may include: (1) the willingness of dealers to bid for the obligation; (2) the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the obligation and the number of other potential buyers; (3) the frequency of trades and quotes for the obligation; (4) the nature of the marketplace trades, including the time needed to dispose of the obligation, the method of soliciting offers, and the mechanics of transfer; (5) the willingness of the governmental issuer to continue to appropriate funds for the payment of the obligation; (6) how likely or remote an event of non-appropriation may be, which depends in varying degrees on a variety of factors, including those relating to the general creditworthiness of the governmental issuer, its dependence on its continuing access to the credit markets, and the importance to the issuer of the equipment, property or facility covered by the lease or contract; (7) an assessment of the likelihood that the lease may or may not be cancelled; and (8) other factors and information unique to the obligation in determining its liquidity.



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The ability of issuers of MLOs to make timely lease payments may be adversely impacted in general economic downturns and as relative governmental cost burdens are allocated and reallocated among federal, state and local governmental units. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income from and value of the obligation. Issuers of MLOs might seek protection under the bankruptcy laws. In the event of bankruptcy of such an issuer, holders of MLOs could experience delays and limitations with respect to the collection of principal and interest on such MLOs and may not, in all circumstances, be able to collect all principal and interest to which it is entitled. To enforce its rights in the event of a default in lease payments, the Fund might take possession of and manage the assets securing the issuer’s obligations on such securities or otherwise incur costs to protect its rights, which may increase the Fund’s operating expenses and adversely affect the net asset value of the Fund. When the lease contains a non-appropriation clause, however, the failure to pay would not be a default and the Fund would not have the right to take possession of the assets. Any income derived from the Fund’s ownership or operation of such assets may not be tax-exempt.

Municipal Obligations

Municipal obligations include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities.  Certain types of bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately owned or operated facilities, including certain facilities for the local furnishing of electric energy or gas, sewage facilities, solid waste disposal facilities and other specialized facilities. Municipal obligations include bonds as well as tax-exempt commercial paper, project notes and municipal notes such as tax, revenue and bond anticipation notes of short maturity, generally less than three years. While most municipal bonds pay a fixed rate of interest semiannually in cash, there are exceptions. Some bonds pay no periodic cash interest, but rather make a single payment at maturity representing both principal and interest. Some bonds may pay interest at a variable or floating rate.  Bonds may be issued or subsequently offered with interest coupons materially greater or less than those then prevailing, with price adjustments reflecting such deviation.  Municipal obligations also include trust certificates representing interests in municipal securities held by a trustee. The trust certificates may evidence ownership of future interest payments, principal payments or both on the underlying securities.

 

In general, there are three categories of municipal obligations, the interest on which is exempt from federal income tax and is not a tax preference item for purposes of the alternative minimum tax (“AMT”): (i) certain “public purpose” obligations (whenever issued), which include obligations issued directly by state and local governments or their agencies to fulfill essential governmental functions; (ii) certain obligations issued before August 8, 1986 for the benefit of non-governmental persons or entities; and (iii) certain “private activity bonds” issued after August 7, 1986, which include “qualified Section 501(c)(3) bonds” or refundings of certain obligations included in the second category. Opinions relating to the validity of municipal bonds, exclusion of municipal bond interest from an investor’s gross income for federal income tax purposes and, where applicable, state and local income tax, are rendered by bond counsel to the issuing authorities at the time of issuance.

 

Interest on certain “private activity bonds” issued after August 7, 1986 is exempt from regular federal income tax, but such interest (including a distribution by the Fund derived from such interest) is treated as a tax preference item that could subject the recipient to or increase the recipient’s liability for the AMT. For corporate shareholders, the Fund’s distributions derived from interest on all municipal obligations (whenever issued) are included in “adjusted current earnings” for purposes of the AMT as applied to corporations (to the extent not already included in alternative minimum taxable income as income attributable to private activity bonds).

 

The two principal classifications of municipal bonds are “general obligation” and “revenue” bonds. Issuers of general obligation bonds include states, counties, cities, towns and regional districts. The proceeds of these obligations are used to fund a wide range of public projects, including the construction or improvement of schools, highways and roads, water and sewer systems and a variety of other public purposes. The basic security of general obligation bonds is the issuer’s pledge of its faith, credit, and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxes that can be levied for the payment of debt service may be limited or unlimited as to rate and amount.



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Typically, the only security for a limited obligation or revenue bond is the net revenue derived from a particular facility or class of facilities financed thereby or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special tax or other special revenues. Revenue bonds have been issued to fund a wide variety of revenue-producing public capital projects including: electric, gas, water and sewer systems; highways, bridges and tunnels; port and airport facilities; colleges and universities; hospitals; and convention, recreational, tribal gaming and housing facilities. Although the security behind these bonds varies widely, many lower rated bonds provide additional security in the form of a debt service reserve fund that may also be used to make principal and interest payments on the issuer's obligations. In addition, some revenue obligations (as well as general obligations) are insured by a bond insurance company or backed by a letter of credit issued by a banking institution.  Revenue bonds also include, for example, pollution control, health care and housing bonds, which, although nominally issued by municipal authorities, are generally not secured by the taxing power of the municipality but by the revenues of the authority derived from payments by the private entity that owns or operates the facility financed with the proceeds of the bonds. Obligations of housing finance authorities have a wide range of security features, including reserve funds and insured or subsidized mortgages, as well as the net revenues from housing or other public projects. Many of these bonds do not generally constitute the pledge of the credit of the issuer of such bonds. The credit quality of such revenue bonds is usually directly related to the credit standing of the user of the facility being financed or of an institution which provides a guarantee, letter of credit or other credit enhancement for the bond issue.  The Fund may on occasion acquire revenue bonds that carry warrants or similar rights covering equity securities. Such warrants or rights may be held indefinitely, but if exercised, the Fund anticipates that it would, under normal circumstances, dispose of any equity securities so acquired within a reasonable period of time.  Investing in revenue bonds may involve (without limitation) the following risks.

 

Hospital bond ratings are often based on feasibility studies that contain projections of expenses, revenues and occupancy levels.   A hospital’s income available to service its debt may be influenced by demand for hospital services, management capabilities, the service area economy, efforts by insurers and government agencies to limit rates and expenses, competition, availability and expense of malpractice insurance, and Medicaid and Medicare funding.

 

Education-related bonds are comprised of two types: (i) those issued to finance projects for public and private colleges and universities, charter schools and private schools, and (ii) those representing pooled interests in student loans. Bonds issued to supply educational institutions with funding are subject to many risks, including the risks of unanticipated revenue decline, primarily the result of decreasing student enrollment, decreasing state and federal funding, or changes in general economic conditions. Additionally, higher than anticipated costs associated with salaries, utilities, insurance or other general expenses could impair the ability of a borrower to make annual debt service payments. Student loan revenue bonds are generally offered by state (or sub-state) authorities or commissions and are backed by pools of student loans. Underlying student loans may be guaranteed by state guarantee agencies and may be subject to reimbursement by the United States Department of Education through its guaranteed student loan program. Others may be private, uninsured loans made to parents or students that may be supported by reserves or other forms of credit enhancement. Cash flows supporting student loan revenue bonds are impacted by numerous factors, including the rate of student loan defaults, seasoning of the loan portfolio, and student repayment deferral periods of forbearance. Other risks associated with student loan revenue bonds include potential changes in federal legislation regarding student loan revenue bonds, state guarantee agency reimbursement and continued federal interest and other program subsidies currently in effect.

 

Transportation debt may be issued to finance the construction of airports, toll roads, highways, or other transit facilities. Airport bonds are dependent on the economic conditions of the airport’s service area and may be affected by the business strategies and fortunes of specific airlines. They may also be subject to competition from other airports and modes of transportation. Air traffic generally follows broader economic trends and is also affected by the price and availability of fuel. Toll road bonds are also affected by the cost and availability of fuel as well as toll levels, the presence of competing roads and the general economic health of an area. Fuel costs, transportation taxes and fees, and availability of fuel also affect other transportation-related securities, as do the presence of alternate forms of transportation, such as public transportation.



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Industrial development bonds are normally secured only by the revenues from the project and not by state or local government tax payments, they are subject to a wide variety of risks, many of which relate to the nature of the specific project. Generally, IDBs are sensitive to the risk of a slowdown in the economy.

Electric utilities face problems in financing large construction programs in an inflationary period, cost increases and delay occasioned by safety and environmental considerations (particularly with respect to nuclear facilities), difficulty in obtaining fuel at reasonable prices, and in achieving timely and adequate rate relief from regulatory commissions, effects of energy conservation and limitations on the capacity of the capital market to absorb utility debt.

Water and sewer revenue bonds are generally secured by the fees charged to each user of the service. The issuers of water and sewer revenue bonds generally enjoy a monopoly status and latitude in their ability to raise rates. However, lack of water supply due to insufficient rain, run-off, or snow pack can be a concern and has led to past defaults. Further, public resistance to rate increases, declining numbers of customers in a particular locale, costly environmental litigation, and federal environmental mandates are challenges faced by issuers of water and sewer bonds.

 

The obligations of any person or entity to pay the principal of and interest on a municipal obligation are subject to the provisions of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights and remedies of creditors, such as the Federal Bankruptcy Act, and laws, if any, that may be enacted by Congress or state legislatures extending the time for payment of principal or interest, or both, or imposing other constraints upon enforcement of such obligations. Certain bond structures may be subject to the risk that a taxing authority may issue an adverse ruling regarding tax-exempt status.  There is also the possibility that as a result of adverse economic conditions (including unforeseen financial events, natural disasters and other conditions that may affect an issuer’s ability to pay its obligations), litigation or other conditions, the power or ability of any person or entity to pay when due principal of and interest on a municipal obligation may be materially affected or interest and principal previously paid may be required to be refunded. There have been instances of defaults and bankruptcies involving municipal obligations that were not foreseen by the financial and investment communities. The Fund will take whatever action it considers appropriate in the event of anticipated financial difficulties, default or bankruptcy of either the issuer of any municipal obligation or of the underlying source of funds for debt service. Such action may include: (i) retaining the services of various persons or firms (including affiliates of the investment adviser) to evaluate or protect any real estate, facilities or other assets securing any such obligation or acquired by the Fund as a result of any such event; (ii) managing (or engaging other persons to manage) or otherwise dealing with any real estate, facilities or other assets so acquired; and (iii) taking such other actions as the adviser (including, but not limited to, payment of operating or similar expenses of the underlying project) may deem appropriate to reduce the likelihood or severity of loss on the fund’s investment.  The Fund will incur additional expenditures in taking protective action with respect to portfolio obligations in (or anticipated to be in) default and assets securing such obligations.

 

Historically, municipal bankruptcies have been rare and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcy are unclear. Further, the application of state law to municipal obligation issuers could produce varying results among the states or among municipal obligation issuers within a state. These uncertainties could have a significant impact on the prices of the municipal obligations in which the Fund invests.  There could be economic, business or political developments or court decisions that adversely affect all municipal obligations in the same sector.  Developments such as changes in healthcare regulations, environmental considerations related to construction, construction cost increases and labor problems, failure of healthcare facilities to maintain adequate occupancy levels, and inflation can affect municipal obligations in the same sector.  As the similarity in issuers of municipal obligations held by the Fund increases, the potential for fluctuations in the Fund’s share price also may increase.



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The secondary market for some municipal obligations issued within a state (including issues that are privately placed with the Fund) is less liquid than that for taxable debt obligations or other more widely traded municipal obligations.  No established resale market exists for certain of the municipal obligations in which the Fund may invest. The market for obligations rated below investment grade is also likely to be less liquid than the market for higher rated obligations. As a result, the Fund may be unable to dispose of these municipal obligations at times when it would otherwise wish to do so at the prices at which they are valued.

Municipal obligations that are rated below investment grade but that, subsequent to the assignment of such rating, are backed by escrow accounts containing U.S. Government obligations may be determined by the investment adviser to be of investment grade quality for purposes of the Fund’s investment policies. In the case of a defaulted obligation, the Fund may incur additional expense seeking recovery of its investment. Defaulted obligations are denoted in the “Portfolio of Investments” in the “Financial Statements” included in the Fund’s reports to shareholders.

The yields on municipal obligations depend on a variety of factors, including purposes of the issue and source of funds for repayment, general money market conditions, general conditions of the municipal bond market, size of a particular offering, maturity of the obligation and rating of the issue. The ratings of Moody’s, S&P and Fitch represent their opinions as to the quality of the municipal obligations which they undertake to rate, and in the case of insurers, other factors including the claims-paying ability of such insurer. It should be emphasized, however, that ratings are based on judgment and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, municipal obligations with the same maturity, coupon and rating may have different yields while obligations of the same maturity and coupon with different ratings may have the same yield. In addition, the market price of such obligations will normally fluctuate with changes in interest rates, and therefore the net asset value of the Fund will be affected by such changes.

Operational Risk

The Fund’s service providers, including the investment adviser, may experience disruptions or operating errors that could negatively impact the Fund. While service providers are expected to have appropriate operational risk management policies and procedures, their methods of operational risk management may differ from the Fund's in the setting of priorities, the personnel and resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. It also is not possible for Fund service providers to identify all of the operational risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls to completely eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects.

Option Contracts

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  An option contract is a contract that gives the holder of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from (in the case of a call) or sell to (in the case of a put) the writer of the option the reference instrument underlying the option (or the cash value of the index) at a specified exercise price at any time during the term of the option. The writer of an option on a security has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the reference instrument (or the cash) upon payment of the exercise price or to pay the exercise price upon delivery of the reference instrument (or the cash). Upon exercise of an index option, the writer of an option on an index is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the index and the exercise price multiplied by the specified multiplier for the index option. Options may be “covered,” meaning that the party required to deliver the reference instrument if the option is exercised owns that instrument (or has set aside sufficient assets to meet its obligation to deliver the instrument).  Options may be listed on an exchange or traded in the OTC market.  In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and may require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties' obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but generally do not require the parties to post margin and are subject to counterparty risk. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk.  The staff of the SEC takes the position that certain purchased OTC options, and assets used as cover for written OTC options, are illiquid.  Derivatives on economic indicators generally are offered in an auction format and are booked and settled as OTC options.  Options on futures contracts are discussed herein under “Futures Contracts.”



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If a written option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. If a purchased option expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, reference instrument, exercise price, and expiration). A capital gain will be realized from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, a capital loss will be realized. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, the current market price of the reference instrument in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the reference instrument, and the time remaining until the expiration date.  There can be no assurance that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be consummated when desired.

 

Straddles are a combination of a call and a put written on the same reference instrument. A straddle is deemed to be covered when sufficient assets are deposited to meet the Fund’s immediate obligations. The same liquid assets may be used to cover both the call and put options where the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put.  The Fund may also buy and write call options on the same reference instrument to cover its obligations.  Because such combined options positions involve multiple trades, they result in higher transaction costs and may be more difficult to open or close.  In an equity collar, the Fund simultaneously writes a call option and purchases a put option on the same instrument.

 

To the extent that the Fund writes a call option on an instrument it holds and intends to use such instrument as the sole means of “covering” its obligation under the call option, the Fund has, in return for the premium on the option, given up the opportunity to profit from a price increase in the instrument above the exercise price during the option period, but, as long as its obligation under such call option continues, has retained the risk of loss should the value of the reference instrument decline. If the Fund were unable to close out such a call option, it would not be able to sell the instrument unless the option expired without exercise.  Uncovered calls have speculative characteristics and are riskier than covered calls because there is no instrument or cover held by the Fund that can act as a partial hedge.    

 

The writer of an option has no control over the time when it may be required to fulfill its obligation under the option. Once an option writer has received an exercise notice, it cannot effect a closing purchase transaction in order to terminate its obligation under the option and must deliver the underlying reference instrument at the exercise price. If a put or call option purchased by the Fund is not sold when it has remaining value, and if the market price of the underlying security remains equal to or greater than the exercise price (in the case of a put), or remains less than or equal to the exercise price (in the case of a call), the Fund will lose the premium it paid for the option.  Furthermore, if trading restrictions or suspensions are imposed on options markets, the Fund may be unable to close out a position.

Option Strategy

The Fund implements the Option Strategy or Enhancement Strategy, as further described under “Investment Objective & Principal Policies and Risks” in the Prospectus, whereby it writes a series of call and put option spread combinations on the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index (S&P 500 Index) and/or a proxy for the S&P 500 Index (such as SPDR Trust Series I units (SPDRs)).



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Participation in the ReFlow Liquidity Program

The Fund may participate in the ReFlow liquidity program, which is designed to provide an alternative liquidity source for mutual funds experiencing net redemptions of their shares. Pursuant to the program, ReFlow Fund, LLC (“ReFlow”) provides participating mutual funds with a source of cash to meet net shareholder redemptions by standing ready each business day to purchase fund shares up to the value of the net shares redeemed by other shareholders that are to settle the next business day. Following purchases of fund shares, ReFlow then generally redeems those shares when the fund experiences net sales, at the end of a maximum holding period determined by ReFlow (currently 28 days) or at other times at ReFlow’s discretion.  While ReFlow holds fund shares, it will have the same rights and privileges with respect to those shares as any other shareholder.  For use of the ReFlow service, a fund pays a fee to ReFlow each time it purchases fund shares, calculated by applying to the purchase amount a fee rate determined through an automated daily auction among participating mutual funds. Such fee is allocated among a fund’s share classes based on relative net assets.  ReFlow’s purchases of fund shares through the liquidity program are made on an investment-blind basis without regard to the fund’s investment objective, policies or anticipated performance.  In accordance with federal securities laws, ReFlow is prohibited from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding voting securities of a fund. ReFlow will purchase Class I or Institutional Class shares (or, if applicable Class A or Investor Class shares) at net asset value and will not be subject to any sales charge (in the case of Class A shares), investment minimum or redemption fee applicable to such shares. ReFlow will periodically redeem its entire share position in the Fund and request that such redemption be met in kind in accordance with the Fund’s redemption-in-kind policies described under “Redeeming Shares” in the Prospectus.  Investments in a fund by ReFlow in connection with the ReFlow liquidity program are not subject to the two round-trips within 90 days limitation described in “Restrictions on Excessive Trading and Market Timing” under “Purchasing Shares” in the Prospectus. The investment adviser believes that the program assists in stabilizing the Fund’s net assets to the benefit of the Fund and its shareholders.  To the extent the Fund’s net assets do not decline, the investment adviser may also benefit.

Pooled Investment Vehicles

The Fund may invest in pooled investment vehicles including other open-end or closed-end investment companies affiliated or unaffiliated with the investment adviser, exchange-traded funds (described herein) and other collective investment pools in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. Closed-end investment company securities are usually traded on an exchange.  The demand for a closed-end fund’s securities is independent of the demand for the underlying portfolio assets, and accordingly, such securities can trade at a discount from, or a premium over, their net asset value.  The Fund generally will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any management fees paid by a pooled investment vehicle in which it invests in addition to the investment advisory fee paid by the Fund.

Portfolio Turnover

A change in the securities held by the Fund is known as “portfolio turnover” and generally involves expense to the Fund, including brokerage commissions or dealer markups and other transaction costs on both the sale of securities and the reinvestment of the proceeds in other securities. If sales of portfolio securities cause the Fund to realize net short-term capital gains, such gains will be taxable as ordinary income to taxable shareholders.  The Fund’s portfolio turnover rate for a fiscal year is the ratio of the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio securities to the monthly average of the value of portfolio securities excluding securities whose maturities at acquisition were one year or less. The Fund's portfolio turnover rate is not a limiting factor when the investment adviser considers a change in the Fund's portfolio holdings.  The portfolio turnover rate(s) of the Fund for recent fiscal periods is included in the Financial Highlights in the Prospectus.

Preferred Stock

Preferred stock represents an equity interest in a corporation , company or trust that has a higher claim on the assets and earnings than common stock. Preferred stock usually has limited voting rights. Preferred stock involves credit risk, which is the risk that a preferred stock will decline in price, or fail to pay dividends when expected, because the issuer experiences a decline in its financial status. A company’s preferred stock generally pays dividends after the company makes the required payments to holders of its bonds and other debt instruments but before dividend payments are made to common stockholders.  However, preferred stock may not pay scheduled dividends or dividends payments may be in arrears.  The value of preferred stock may react more strongly than bonds and other debt instruments to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects. Certain preferred stocks may be convertible to common stock .  See “Convertible Securities” and “Contingent Convertible Securities.”  Preferred stock may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a predetermined price.  Because they may make regular income payments, preferred stocks may be considered fixed-income securities for purposes of a Fund’s investment restrictions.



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Real Estate Investments

Real estate investments, including real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) are sensitive to factors, such as changes in: real estate values, property taxes, interest rates, cash flow of underlying real estate assets, occupancy rates, government regulations affecting zoning, land use, and rents, and the management skill and creditworthiness of the issuer. Companies in the real estate industry may also be subject to liabilities under environmental and hazardous waste laws, among others. Changes in underlying real estate values may have a magnified effect to the extent that investments concentrate in particular geographic regions or property types. Investments in REITs may also be adversely affected by rising interest rates. By investing in REITs, the Fund indirectly will bear REIT expenses in addition to its own expenses.

Private REITs are unlisted, which may make them difficult to value and less liquid.  Moreover, private REITs are generally exempt from 1933 Act registration and, as such, the amount of public information available with respect to private REITs may be less extensive than that available for publicly traded REITs.

Repurchase Agreements

Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of a security coupled with an agreement to resell at a specified date and price.  In the event of the bankruptcy of the counterparty to a repurchase agreement, recovery of cash may be delayed. To the extent that, in the meantime, the value of the purchased securities may have decreased, a loss could result. Repurchase agreements that mature in more than seven days will be treated as illiquid. Unless the Prospectus states otherwise, the terms of a repurchase agreement will provide that the value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will always be at least equal to the repurchase price, including any accrued interest earned on the agreement, and will be marked to market daily.

Residual Interest Bonds

The Fund may invest in residual interest bonds in a trust that holds municipal securities. The interest rate payable on a residual interest bond bears an inverse relationship to the interest rate on another security issued by the trust. Because changes in the interest rate on the other security inversely affect the interest paid on the residual interest bond, the value and income of a residual interest bond is generally more volatile than that of a fixed rate bond. Residual interest bonds have interest rate adjustment formulas that generally reduce or, in the extreme, eliminate the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates rise, and increase the interest paid to the Fund when short-term interest rates fall. Residual interest bonds have varying degrees of liquidity, and the market for these securities is relatively volatile. These securities tend to underperform the market for fixed rate bonds in a rising long-term interest rate environment, but tend to outperform the market for fixed rate bonds when long-term interest rates decline. Although volatile, residual interest bonds typically offer the potential for yields exceeding the yields available on fixed rate bonds with comparable credit quality and maturity. These securities usually permit the investor to convert the floating rate to a fixed rate (normally adjusted downward), and this optional conversion feature may provide a partial hedge against rising rates if exercised at an opportune time. While residual interest bonds expose the Fund to leverage risk because they provide two or more dollars of bond market exposure for every dollar invested, they are not subject to the Fund’s restrictions on borrowings.

Under certain circumstances, the Fund may enter into a so-called shortfall and forbearance agreement relating to a residual interest bond held by the Fund. Such agreements commit the Fund to reimburse the difference between the liquidation value of the underlying security (which is the basis of the residual interest bond) and the principal amount due to the holders of the floating rate security issued in conjunction with the residual interest bond upon the termination of the trust issuing the residual interest bond. Absent a shortfall and forbearance agreement, the Fund would not be required to make such a reimbursement. If the Fund chooses not to enter into such an agreement, the residual interest bond could be terminated and the Fund could incur a loss. The Fund’s investments in residual interest bonds and similar securities described in the Prospectus and this SAI will not be considered borrowing for purposes of the Fund’s restrictions on borrowing described herein and in the Prospectus.

On December 10, 2013, five U.S. federal agencies published final rules implementing section 619 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Volcker Rule”). The Volcker Rule prohibits banking entities from engaging in proprietary trading of certain instruments and limits such entities’ investments in, and relationships with, covered funds, as defined in the rules. The Volcker Rule precludes banking entities and their affiliates from (i) sponsoring residual interest bond programs as presently structured and (ii) continuing relationships with or services for existing residual interest bond programs. All existing residual interest bonds were restructured in order to comply with the Volcker Rule prior to July 2016. The effects of the Volcker Rule may make it more difficult for the Fund to maintain current or desired levels of income.



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Restricted Securities

Restricted securities cannot be sold to the public without registration under the 1933 Act. Unless registered for sale, restricted securities can be sold only in privately negotiated transactions or pursuant to an exemption from registration. Restricted securities may be considered illiquid and subject to the Fund’s limitation on illiquid securities.

Restricted securities may involve a high degree of business and financial risk which may result in substantial losses. The securities may be less liquid than publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid by the Fund. The Fund may invest in restricted securities, including securities initially offered and sold without registration pursuant to Rule 144A (“Rule 144A Securities”) and securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers initially offered and sold outside the United States without registration with the SEC pursuant to Regulation S (“Regulation S Securities”) under the 1933 Act. Rule 144A Securities and Regulation S Securities generally may be traded freely among certain qualified institutional investors, such as the Fund, and non-U.S. persons, but resale to a broader base of investors in the United States may be permitted only in much more limited circumstances. 

The Fund also may purchase restricted securities that are not eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A or Regulation S. The Fund may acquire such securities through private placement transactions, directly from the issuer or from security holders, generally at higher yields or on terms more favorable to investors than comparable publicly traded securities. However, the restrictions on resale of such securities may make it difficult for the Fund to dispose of them at the time considered most advantageous and/or may involve expenses that would not be incurred in the sale of securities that were freely marketable. Risks associated with restricted securities include the potential obligation to pay all or part of the registration expenses in order to sell certain restricted securities. A considerable period of time may elapse between the time of the decision to sell a security and the time the Fund may be permitted to sell it under an effective registration statement and/or after an applicable waiting period. If adverse conditions were to develop during this period, the Fund might obtain a price that is less favorable than the price that was prevailing at the time it decided to sell.  See also “Illiquid Securities.”

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

Under a reverse repurchase agreement, the Fund temporarily transfers possession of a portfolio instrument to another party, such as a bank or broker-dealer, in return for cash. At the same time, the Fund agrees to repurchase the instrument at an agreed upon time (normally within seven days) and price, which reflects an interest payment. The Fund may enter into a reverse repurchase agreement for various purposes, including, but not limited to, when it is able to invest the cash acquired at a rate higher than the cost of the agreement or as a means of raising cash to satisfy redemption requests without the necessity of selling portfolio assets.  In a reverse repurchase agreement, any fluctuations in the market value of either the securities transferred to another party or the securities in which the proceeds may be invested would affect the market value of the Fund’s assets. As a result, such transactions may increase fluctuations in the value of the Fund.  Because reverse repurchase agreements may be considered to be the practical equivalent of borrowing funds, they constitute a form of leverage.  Such agreements will be treated as subject to investment restrictions regarding “borrowings.” If the Fund reinvests the proceeds of a reverse repurchase agreement at a rate lower than the cost of the agreement, entering into the agreement will lower the Fund’s yield.



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Rights and Warrants

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  A right is a privilege granted to existing shareholders of a corporation to subscribe for shares of a new issue of common stock before it is issued. Rights normally have a short life, usually two to four weeks, are freely transferable and entitle the holder to buy the new common stock at a lower price than the public offering price. Warrants are securities that are typically issued together with a debt security or preferred stock and that give the holder the right to buy a proportionate amount of common stock at a specified price. Warrants are freely transferable and are often traded on major exchanges. Unlike rights, warrants normally have a life that is measured in years and entitle the holder to buy common stock of a company at a price that is usually higher than the market price at the time the warrant is issued. Corporations often issue warrants to make the accompanying debt security more attractive.

Warrants and rights may entail greater risks than certain other types of investments. Generally, rights and warrants do not carry the right to receive dividends or exercise voting rights with respect to the underlying securities, and they do not represent any rights in the assets of the issuer. In addition, their value does not necessarily change with the value of the underlying securities, and they cease to have value if they are not exercised on or before their expiration date. If the market price of the underlying stock does not exceed the exercise price during the life of the warrant or right, the warrant or right will expire worthless.  (Canadian special warrants issued in private placements prior to a public offering are not considered warrants.) 

Royalty Bonds

To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may invest in royalty bonds.

Securities Lending

The Fund may lend its portfolio securities to major banks, broker-dealers and other financial institutions in compliance with the 1940 Act. No lending may be made with any companies affiliated with the investment adviser.  These loans earn income and are collateralized by cash, securities or letters of credit.  The Fund may realize a loss if it is not able to invest cash collateral at rates higher than the costs to enter into the loan.     The Fund invests cash collateral in an unaffiliated money market fund that operates in compliance with the requirements of Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act and maintains a stable $1.00 net asset value per share.   When the loan is closed, the lender is obligated to return the collateral to the borrower.  The lender could suffer a loss if the value of the collateral is below the market value of the borrowed securities or if the borrower defaults on the loan.  The lender may pay reasonable finder’s, lending agent, administrative and custodial fees in connection with its loans. The investment adviser may instruct the securities lending agent to terminate loans and recall securities with voting rights so that the securities may be voted in accordance with the Fund’s proxy voting policy and procedures if deemed appropriate to do so.  See “Taxes” for information on the tax treatment of payments in lieu of dividends received pursuant to securities lending arrangements.

 






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Senior Loans

Senior Loans are loans that are senior in repayment priority to other debt of the borrower.  Senior Loans generally pay interest that floats, adjusts or varies periodically based on benchmark indicators, specified adjustment schedules or prevailing interest rates.  Senior Loans are often secured by specific assets or “collateral,” although they may not be secured by collateral.  A Senior Loan is typically originated, negotiated and structured by a U.S. or foreign commercial bank, insurance company, finance company or other financial institution (the “Agent”) for a group of loan investors (“Loan Investors”), generally referred to as a “syndicate.” The Agent typically administers and enforces the Senior Loan on behalf of the Loan Investors in the syndicate. In addition, an institution, typically but not always the Agent, holds any collateral on behalf of the Loan Investors.  Loan interests primarily take the form of assignments purchased in the primary or secondary market. Loan interests may also take the form of participation interests in, or novations of, a Senior Loan.  Senior Loans primarily include senior floating rate loans and secondarily senior floating rate debt obligations (including those issued by an asset-backed pool), and interests therein.

 

Loan Collateral. Borrowers generally will, for the term of the Senior Loan, pledge collateral to secure their obligation. In addition Senior Loans may be guaranteed by or secured by assets of the borrower’s owners or affiliates. During the term of the Senior Loan, the value of collateral securing the Loan may decline in value, causing the Loan to be under-collateralized. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrower’s obligations under a Senior Loan. In addition, if a Senior Loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of the collateral and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of such collateral.

 

Fees. The Fund may receive a facility fee when it buys a Senior Loan, and pay a facility fee when it sells a Senior Loan. On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the underlying line of credit portion of a Senior Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Senior Loan by a borrower or an amendment fee.

 

Loan Administration.  In a typical Senior Loan, the Agent administers the terms of the loan agreement and is responsible for the collection of principal, and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the Loan Investors. Failure by the Agent to fulfill its obligations may delay or adversely affect receipt of payment by the Fund. Furthermore, unless under the terms of a loan agreement or participation (as applicable) the Fund has direct recourse against the borrower, the Fund must rely on the Agent and the other Loan Investors to use appropriate remedies against the borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained in the loan agreement based upon reports prepared by the borrower.  The typical practice of an Agent or a Loan Investor in relying exclusively or primarily on reports from the borrower may involve the risk of fraud by the borrower.  It is unclear whether an investment in a Senior Loan offers the securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation.

 

A financial institution’s appointment as Agent may usually be terminated in the event that it fails to observe the requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent.  A successor Agent would generally be appointed to replace the terminated Agent, and assets held by the Agent under the Loan Agreement should remain available to holders of Senior Loans. However, if assets held by the Agent for the benefit of the Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the Agent’s general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a Senior Loan, or suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. In situations involving other Interposed Persons, similar risks may arise.

 

Additional Information. The Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio a Senior Loan where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy reorganization proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. While such investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, they generally involve greater risk and may be considered speculative.  The Fund may from time to time participate in ad-hoc committees formed by creditors to negotiate with the management of financially troubled borrowers. The Fund may incur legal fees as a result of such participation.  In addition, such participation may restrict the Fund’s ability to trade in or acquire additional positions in a particular security when it might otherwise desire to do so. Participation by the Fund also may expose the Fund to potential liabilities under bankruptcy or other laws governing the rights of creditors and debtors. The Fund will participate in such committees only when the investment adviser believes that such participation is necessary or desirable to enforce the Fund’s rights as a creditor or to protect the value of a Senior Loan held by the Fund.



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In some instances, other accounts managed by the investment adviser may hold other securities issued by borrowers the Senior Loans of which may be held by the Fund. These other securities may include, for example, debt securities that are subordinate to the Senior Loans held by the Fund, convertible debt or common or preferred equity securities.  In certain circumstances, such as if the credit quality of the borrower deteriorates, the interests of holders of these other securities may conflict with the interests of the holders of the borrower’s Senior Loans. In such cases, the investment adviser may owe conflicting fiduciary duties to the Fund and other client accounts. The investment adviser will endeavor to carry out its obligations to all of its clients to the fullest extent possible, recognizing that in some cases, certain clients may achieve a lower economic return, as a result of these conflicting client interests, than if the investment adviser’s client accounts collectively held only a single category of the issuer’s securities.

 

The Fund may acquire warrants and other equity securities as part of a unit combining a Senior Loan and equity securities of a borrower or its affiliates. The Fund may also acquire equity securities or debt securities (including non-dollar denominated debt securities) issued in exchange for a Senior Loan or issued in connection with the debt restructuring or reorganization of a borrower, or if such acquisition, in the judgment of the investment adviser, may enhance the value of a Senior Loan or would otherwise be consistent with the Fund’s investment policies.

 

For Eaton Vance Floating Rate Portfolio, Senior Debt Portfolio and Eaton Vance VT Floating-Rate Income Fund only: The Fund will acquire participations only if the Loan Investor selling the participation, and any other persons interpositioned between the Fund and the Loan Investor (an “Interposed Person”), at the time of investment, has outstanding debt or deposit obligations rated investment grade (BBB or A-3 or higher by S&P or Baa or P- 3 or higher by Moody’s or comparably rated by another nationally recognized statistical ratings organization) or determined by the investment adviser to be of comparable quality.

 

For additional disclosure relating to investing in loans (including Senior Loans), see “Loans” above.

Short Sales

Short sales are transactions in which a party sells a security it does not own in anticipation of a decline in the market value of that security. To complete such a transaction, the party must borrow the security to make delivery to the buyer. When the party is required to return the borrowed security, it typically will purchase the security in the open market. The price at such time may be more or less than the price at which the party sold the security. Until the security is replaced, the party is required to repay the lender any dividends or interest, which accrues during the period of the loan. To borrow the security, it also may be required to pay a premium, which would increase the cost of the security sold. The net proceeds of the short sale will be retained by the broker, to the extent necessary to meet margin requirements, until the short position is closed out. Transaction costs are incurred in effecting short sales. A short seller will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which it replaces the borrowed security. A gain will be realized if the price of the security declines in price between those dates. The amount of any gain will be decreased, and the amount of any loss increased, by the amount of the premium, dividends or interest the short seller may be required to pay, if any, in connection with a short sale. Short sales may be “against the box” or uncovered.  In a short sale “against the box,” at the time of the sale, the short seller owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire the identical security at no additional cost.  In an uncovered short sale, the short seller does not own the underlying security and, as such, losses from uncovered short sales may be significant.  The Fund may sell short securities representing an index or basket of securities whose constituents the Fund holds in whole or in part. A short sale of an index or basket of securities will be a covered short sale if the underlying index or basket of securities is the same or substantially identical to securities held by the Fund.  Use of short sales is limited by the Fund’s non-fundamental restriction relating thereto.

Short-Term Trading

Fixed-income securities may be sold in anticipation of market decline (a rise in interest rates) or purchased in anticipation of a market rise (a decline in interest rates) and later sold. In addition, such a security may be sold and another purchased at approximately the same time to take advantage of what is believed to be a temporary disparity in the normal yield relationship between the two securities. Yield disparities may occur for reasons not directly related to the investment quality of particular issues or the general movement of interest rates, such as changes in the overall demand for or supply of various types of fixed-income securities or changes in the investment objectives of investors.  



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Smaller Companies

The investment risk associated with smaller companies is higher than that normally associated with larger, more established companies due to the greater business risks associated with small size, the relative age of the company, limited product lines, distribution channels and financial and managerial resources. Further, there is typically less publicly available information concerning smaller companies than for larger companies. The securities of small companies are often traded only over-the-counter and may not be traded in the volumes typical of trading on a national securities exchange. As a result, stocks of smaller companies are often more volatile than those of larger companies, which are often traded on a national securities exchange.

Stripped Mortgage-Backed Securities (“SMBS”)

SMBS are multiclass mortgage securities. SMBS commonly involve two classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving most of the interest from the mortgages, while the other class will receive most of the principal. In the most extreme case, the interest only class receives all of the interest while the principal only class receives the entire principal. The yield to maturity on an interest only class is extremely sensitive to the rate of principal payments (including pre-payments) on the related underlying mortgage assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments may have a material adverse effect on the yield to maturity from these securities. If the underlying mortgages experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the initial investment in these securities may not be recouped. Although the market for such securities is increasingly liquid, certain SMBS may not be readily marketable and will be considered illiquid. The market value of the class consisting entirely of principal payments generally is unusually volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on a class of SMBS that receives all or most of the interest from mortgages are generally higher than prevailing market yields on other MBS because their cash flow patterns are more volatile and there is a greater risk that the initial investment will not be fully recouped.

Structured Notes

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  Structured notes are derivative debt instruments, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator (for example, a currency, security, commodity or index thereof). The terms of the instrument may be “structured” by the purchaser and the borrower issuing the note. Indexed securities may include structured notes as well as securities other than debt securities, the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specified factor and, therefore, the value of such securities may be very volatile. The terms of structured notes and indexed securities may provide that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity, which may result in a loss of invested capital. Structured notes and indexed securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the unrelated indicator may produce an increase or a decrease in the interest rate or the value of the structured note or indexed security at maturity may be calculated as a specified multiple of the change in the value of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes and indexed securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of investments because the investor bears the risk of the unrelated indicator. Structured notes or indexed securities also may be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to accurately price than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities.

Swap Agreements

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  Swap agreements are two-party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard “swap” transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined reference instrument or instruments, which can be adjusted for an interest rate factor. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a “notional amount” (i.e., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a “basket” of securities representing a particular index).  Other types of swap agreements may calculate the obligations of the parties to the agreement on a “net basis.”  Consequently, a party’s current obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount”).  



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Whether the use of swap agreements will be successful will depend on the investment adviser's ability to predict correctly whether certain types of reference instruments are likely to produce greater returns than other instruments.  Swap agreements may be subject to contractual restrictions on transferability and termination and they may have terms of greater than seven days.  The Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund under the swap).  Developments in the swaps market, including government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements, as well as to participate in swap agreements in the future.  If there is a default by the counterparty to a swap, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the swap agreement, but any recovery may be delayed depending on the circumstances of the default.

 

The swaps market was largely unregulated prior to the enactment of federal legislation known as the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), which was enacted in 2010 in response to turmoil in the financial markets and other market events. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act sets forth a new regulatory framework for certain OTC derivatives, such as swaps, in which the Fund may invest. The Dodd-Frank Act requires many swap transactions to be executed on registered exchanges or through swap execution facilities, cleared through a regulated clearinghouse, and publicly reported. In addition, many market participants are now regulated as swap dealers or major swap participants, and are, or will be, subject to certain minimum capital and margin requirements and business conduct standards. The statutory requirements of the Dodd-Frank Act are being implemented primarily through rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and/or the CFTC. There is a prescribed phase-in period during which most of the mandated rulemaking and regulations are being implemented, and temporary exemptions from certain rules and regulations have been granted so that current trading practices will not be unduly disrupted during the transition period.

 

Currently, central clearing is only required for certain market participants trading certain instruments, although central clearing for additional instruments is expected to be implemented by the CFTC until the majority of the swaps market is ultimately subject to central clearing. In addition, uncleared OTC swaps will be subject to regulatory collateral requirements that could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to enter into swaps in the OTC market. These developments could cause the Fund to terminate new or existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such instruments at an inopportune time. Until the mandated rulemaking and regulations are implemented completely, it will not be possible to determine the complete impact of the Dodd-Frank Act and related regulations on the Fund, and the establishment of a centralized exchange or market for swap transactions may not result in swaps being easier to value or trade. However, it is expected that swap dealers, major market participants, and swap counterparties will experience other new and/or additional regulations, requirements, compliance burdens, and associated costs. The legislation and rules to be promulgated may exert a negative effect on the Fund’s ability to meet its investment objective, either through limits or requirements imposed on the Fund or its counterparties. The swap market could be disrupted or limited as a result of the legislation, and the new requirements may increase the cost of the Fund’s investments and of doing business, which could adversely affect the ability of the Fund to buy or sell OTC derivatives.

 

Swap agreements include (but are not limited to):

 

Currency Swaps. Currency swaps involve the exchange of the rights of the parties to make or receive payments in specified currencies. Because currency swaps usually involve the delivery of the entire principal value of one designated currency in exchange for the other designated currency, the entire principal value of a currency swap is subject to the risk that the other party to the swap will default on its contractual delivery obligations. If the investment adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market value and currency exchange rates, performance may be adversely affected.

 

Equity Swaps. An equity swap is an agreement in which at least one party’s payments are based on the rate of return of an equity security or equity index, such as the S&P 500. The other party’s payments can be based on a fixed rate, a non-equity variable rate, or even a different equity index. The Fund may enter into equity index swaps on a net basis pursuant to which the future cash flows from two reference instruments are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two.      



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Credit Default Swaps.  Under a credit default swap agreement, the protection “buyer” in a credit default contract is generally obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract, provided that no credit event, such as a default, on a reference instrument has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the reference instrument in exchange for an equal face amount of the reference instrument described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. If the Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund may recover nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. As a seller, the Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap provided that there is no credit event. As the seller, the Fund would effectively add leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap.  The determination of a credit event under the swap agreement will depend on the terms of the agreement and may rely on the decision of persons that are not a party to the agreement.  The Fund’s obligations under a credit default swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund).

 

Inflation Swaps.  Inflation swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments or an exchange of floating rate payments based on two different reference indices. By design, one of the reference indices is an inflation index, such as the Consumer Price Index. Inflation swaps can be designated as zero coupon, where both sides of the swap compound interest over the life of the swap and then the accrued interest is paid out only at the swap’s maturity.

 

Total Return Swaps. Total return swap agreements are contracts in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of the assets underlying the contract, which may include a specified security, basket of securities or securities indices during the specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. Total return swap agreements may be used to obtain exposure to a security or market without owning or taking physical custody of such security or investing directly in such market. Total return swap agreements may effectively add leverage to the Fund’s portfolio because, in addition to its total net assets, the Fund would be subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Generally, the Fund will enter into total return swaps on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each total return swap will be accrued on a daily basis.  If the total return swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Fund’s obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Fund’s obligations will be segregated by the Fund in an amount equal to or greater than the market value of the liabilities under the total return swap or the amount it would have cost the Fund initially to make an equivalent direct investment, plus or minus any amount the Fund is obligated to pay or is to receive under the total return swap agreement.

 

Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. Interest rate swaps are OTC contracts in which each party agrees to make a periodic interest payment based on an index or the value of an asset in return for a periodic payment from the other party based on a different index or asset. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate floor. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index rises above a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap.  The Fund usually will enter into interest rate swap transactions on a net basis (i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments). The net amount of the excess, if any, of the Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis. If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of the Fund’s obligations will be accrued on a daily basis.  Certain federal income tax requirements may limit the Fund’s ability to engage in certain interest rate transactions.



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Swaptions

See also “Derivative Instruments and Related Risks” herein.  A swaption is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation) in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement, at some designated future time on specified terms. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When the Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when the Fund writes a swaption, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.

Tax-Managed Investing

Taxes are a major influence on the net returns that investors receive on their taxable investments. There are four components of the returns of a mutual fund that invests in equities that are treated differently for federal income tax purposes: price appreciation, distributions of qualified dividend income, distributions of other investment income, and distributions of realized short-term and long-term capital gains. Distributions of income other than qualified dividend income and distributions of net realized short-term gains (on stocks held for one year or less) are taxed as ordinary income.  Distributions of qualified dividend income and net realized long-term gains (on stocks held for more than one year) are currently taxed at rates up to 20%. The Fund’s investment program and the tax treatment of Fund distributions may be affected by IRS interpretations of the Code and future changes in tax laws and regulations. Returns derived from price appreciation are untaxed until the shareholder disposes of his or her shares. Upon disposition, a capital gain (short-term, if the shareholder has held his or her shares for one year or less, otherwise long-term) equal to the difference between the net proceeds of the disposition and the shareholder’s adjusted tax basis is realized.

Trust Certificates

Trust certificates are investments in a limited purpose trust or other vehicle formed under state law. Trust certificates in turn invest in instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps, preferred securities and other securities, in order to customize the risk/return profile of a particular security. Like an investment in a bond, investments in trust certificates represent the right to receive periodic income payments (in the form of distributions) and payment of principal at the end of the term of the certificate. However, these payments are conditioned on the trust’s receipt of payments from, and the trust’s potential obligations to, the counterparties to the derivative instruments and other securities in which the trust invests. Investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. It is expected that the trusts that issue credit-linked trust certificates will constitute “private” investment companies, exempt from registration under the 1940 Act. Although the trusts are typically private investment companies, they are generally not actively managed. It is also expected that the certificates will be exempt from registration under the 1933 Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the certificates and they may constitute illiquid investments.



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U.S. Government Securities

U.S. Government securities include: (1) U.S. Treasury obligations, which differ in their interest rates, maturities and times of issuance, including: U.S. Treasury bills (maturities of one year or less); U.S. Treasury notes (maturities of one year to ten years); and U.S. Treasury bonds (generally maturities of greater than ten years); and (2) obligations issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government agencies and instrumentalities, which are supported by any of the following: (a) the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; (b) the right of the issuer to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S. Treasury; (c) discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase certain obligations of the U.S. Government agency or instrumentality; or (d) the credit of the agency or instrumentality. U.S. Government securities also include any other security or agreement collateralized or otherwise secured by U.S. Government securities.  Agencies and instrumentalities of the U.S. Government include but are not limited to: Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Federal Housing Administration, Federal Land Banks, Federal Financing Bank, Central Bank for Cooperatives, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Farm Credit Bank System, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association, General Services Administration, Government National Mortgage Association, Student Loan Marketing Association, United States Postal Service, Maritime Administration, Small Business Administration, Tennessee Valley Authority, Washington D.C. Armory Board and any other enterprise established or sponsored by the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government generally is not obligated to provide support to its instrumentalities.  The principal of and/or interest on certain U.S. Government securities could be: (a) payable in foreign currencies rather than U.S. dollars; or (b) increased or diminished as a result of changes in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the value of foreign currencies. The value of such portfolio securities denominated in foreign currencies may be affected favorably by changes in the exchange rate between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar.  

Unlisted Securities

Unlisted securities are neither listed on a stock exchange nor traded over-the-counter. Unlisted securities may include investments in new and early stage companies, which may involve a high degree of business and financial risk that can result in substantial losses and may be considered speculative. Such securities will generally be deemed to be illiquid. Because of the absence of any public trading market for these investments, it may take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Although these securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid or less than what may be considered the fair value of such securities. Furthermore, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to public disclosure and other investor protection requirements applicable to publicly traded securities. If such securities are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. In addition, in foreign jurisdictions any capital gains realized on the sale of such securities may be subject to higher rates of foreign taxation than taxes payable on the sale of listed securities.

Utility and Financial Services Companies

To the extent described in the Prospectus, the Fund may concentrate its investments in utility and/or financial services companies.

Variable Rate Instruments

Variable rate instruments provide for adjustments in the interest or dividend rate payable on the instrument at specified intervals (daily, weekly, monthly, semiannually, etc.) based on market conditions, credit ratings or interest rates and the investor may have the right to “put” the security back to the issuer or its agent. Variable rate instruments normally provide that the holder can demand payment of the instrument on short notice at par with accrued interest .  These instruments may be secured by letters of credit or other support arrangements provided by banks. To the extent that such letters of credit or other arrangements constitute an unconditional guarantee of the issuer’s obligations, a bank may be treated as the issuer of a security for the purposes of complying with the diversification requirements set forth in Section 5(b) of the 1940 Act and Rule 5b-2 thereunder. The Fund may use these instruments as cash equivalents pending longer term investment of its funds.  The rate adjustment features may limit the extent to which the market value of the instruments will fluctuate.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

77

SAI dated December 1, 2016





When-Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery and Forward Commitments

Securities may be purchased on a “forward commitment,” “when-issued” or “delayed delivery” basis (meaning securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place in the future beyond normal settlement times ) in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction.  When the Fund agrees to purchase such securities, it assumes the risk of any decline in value of the security from the date of the agreement to purchase.  The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and delivered on the settlement date.

 

From the time of entering into the transaction until delivery and payment is made at a later date, the securities that are the subject of the transaction are subject to market fluctuations. In forward commitment, when-issued or delayed delivery transactions, if the seller or buyer, as the case may be, fails to consummate the transaction, the counterparty may miss the opportunity of obtaining a price or yield considered to be advantageous. However, no payment or delivery is made until payment is received or delivery is made from the other party to the transaction.

Zero Coupon Bonds , Deep Discount Bonds and Payment In-Kind (“PIK”) Securities

Zero coupon bonds are debt obligations that do not require the periodic payment of interest and are issued at a significant discount from face value. The discount approximates the total amount of interest the bonds will accrue and compound over the period until maturity at a rate of interest reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of purchase. The effect of owning debt obligations that do not make current interest payments is that a fixed yield is earned not only on the original investment but also, in effect, on all discount accretion during the life of the debt obligation. This implicit reinvestment of earnings at a fixed rate eliminates the risk of being unable to invest distributions at a rate as high as the implicit yield on the zero coupon bond, but at the same time eliminates the holder’s ability to reinvest at higher rates in the future. The Fund is required to accrue income from zero coupon bonds on a current basis, even though it does not receive that income currently in cash, and the Fund is required to distribute that income for each taxable year. Thus, the Fund may have to sell other investments to obtain cash needed to make income distributions.

 

Bonds and preferred stocks that make “in-kind” payments and other securities that do not pay regular income distributions may experience greater volatility in response to interest rate changes and issuer developments. PIK securities generally carry higher interest rates compared to bonds that make cash payments of interest to reflect their payment deferral and increased credit risk. PIK securities generally involve significantly greater credit risk than coupon loans because the Fund receives no cash payments until the maturity date or a specified cash payment date. Even if accounting conditions are met for accruing income payable at a future date under a PIK bond, the issuer could still default when the collection date occurs at the maturity of or payment date for the PIK bond.  PIK bonds may be difficult to value accurately because they involve ongoing judgments as to the collectability of the deferred payments and the value of any associated collateral.  If the issuer of a PIK security defaults, the Fund may lose its entire investment. PIK interest has the effect of generating investment income and increasing the incentive fees, if any, payable at a compounding rate.  Generally, the deferral of PIK interest increases the loan to value ratio.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

78

SAI dated December 1, 2016





APPENDIX A

Class A Fees, Performance and Ownership

Sales Charges and Distribution and Service Fees.  For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the following table shows (1) total sales charges paid by each Fund, (2) sales charges paid to financial intermediaries, (3) sales charges paid to the principal underwriter, (4) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (5) total distribution and service fees paid by each Fund, and (6) distribution and service fees paid to financial intermediaries.  Distribution and service fees that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.

Fund

Total Sales
Charges Paid

Sales Charges to
Financial
Intermediaries

Sales Charges to
Principal Underwriter

CDSC to
Principal Underwriter

Total Distribution
and Service
Fees Paid

Distribution and Service
Fees Paid to
Financial
Intermediaries

Arizona

$42,918

$34,198

$8,720

$0

$94,385

$88,987

Connecticut

$44,964

$36,373

$8,591

$0

$138,947

$131,020

Minnesota

$56,547

$47,966

$8,581

$0

$146,066

$131,503

Municipal Opportunities

$335,262

$292,870

$42,392

$10,000

$296,748

$147,433

New Jersey

$101,822

$85,128

$16,694

$0

$234,659

$222,661

Pennsylvania

$237,968

$202,733

$35,235

$0

$284,215

$260,115

For the fiscal years ended July 31, 2015 and July 31, 2014 , the following total sales charges were paid on sales of Class A, of which the principal underwriter received the following amounts.  The balance of such amounts were paid to financial intermediaries.

Fund

July 31, 2015
Total Sales
Charges Paid

July 31, 2015
Sales Charges to
Principal Underwriter

July 31, 2014
Total Sales
Charges Paid

July 31, 2014
Sales Charges to
Principal Underwriter

Arizona

$53,795

$9,053

$43,410

$6,106

Connecticut

$48,251

$7,542

$45,637

$5,767

Minnesota

$77,302

$10,653

$43,811

$5,132

Municipal Opportunities

$364,463

$45,683

$45,830

$6,825

New Jersey

$103,668

$17,300

$152,864

$25,927

Pennsylvania

$144,942

$23,839

$125,346

$21,599

Performance Information.  The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in each table.  Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses.  Performance would have been lower without subsidies.

Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested.  Each Fund’s past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.  Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Fund’s current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return.  For the Fund’s performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.

About Returns After Taxes.  After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions.  After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period, or because the taxable portion of distributions made during the period was insignificant.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. A portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

79

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Arizona Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.60%

5.01%

4.26%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.49%

4.00%

3.75%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.60%

5.01%

4.25%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.49%

4.00%

3.74%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.21%

4.75%

4.20%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

2.25%

3.94%

3.78%


Connecticut Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.22%

4.65%

4.04%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.18%

3.64%

3.53%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.22%

4.65%

4.04%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.18%

3.64%

3.53%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.01%

4.45%

4.02%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

2.09%

3.64%

3.59%


Minnesota Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.42%

4.64%

4.34%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

0.37%

3.62%

3.83%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.40%

4.64%

4.33%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

0.36%

3.62%

3.83%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.38%

4.35%

4.21%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.47%

3.53%

3.78%





Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

80

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Municipal Opportunities Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Life of Fund

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

8.59%

6.73%

6.72%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

3.46%

5.70%

5.72%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

8.48%

6.46%

6.46%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

3.35%

5.43%

5.46%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.58%

5.60%

5.59%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

2.64%

4.77%

4.78%

Class A shares commenced operations on May 31, 2011.

 

 

 


New Jersey Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.78%

5.51%

3.52%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.72%

4.49%

3.02%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.78%

5.50%

3.51%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.71%

4.48%

3.01%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.44%

5.18%

3.64%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

2.49%

4.35%

3.22%


Pennsylvania Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.32%

4.82%

3.56%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.31%

3.81%

3.05%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.32%

4.82%

3.56%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.31%

3.81%

3.05%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.27%

4.67%

3.69%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

2.36%

3.85%

3.27%




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

81

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.  At November 1, 2016 , the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of a Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:

Arizona

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

24.74%

 

American Enterprise Investment Service

Minneapolis, MN

10.80%

 

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

9.84%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

8.32%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

7.09%

Connecticut

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

17.83%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

11.93%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

9.76%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

6.86%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

6.80%

Minnesota

Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.

San Francisco, CA

22.28%

 

American Enterprise Investment Service

Minneapolis, MN

14.35%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

10.95%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

6.80%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

5.86%

 

RBC Capital Markets LLC

Minneapolis, MN

5.62%

Municipal Opportunities

American Enterprise Investment Service

Minneapolis, MN

39.93%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

15.30%

 

LPL Financial

San Diego, CA

5.63%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

5.58%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

5.20%

 

Raymond James

St. Petersburg, FL

5.23%

New Jersey

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

16.18%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

14.43%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

11.79%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

6.31%

Pennsylvania

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

14.41%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

13.43%

 

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

11.76%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

10.58%

 

Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.

San Francisco, CA

6.78%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

5.16%

Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.

To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of a Fund as of such date.




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

82

SAI dated December 1, 2016


APPENDIX B

Class B Fees, Performance and Ownership

Distribution and Service Fees.  For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the following table shows (1) sales commissions paid by the principal underwriter to financial intermediaries on sales of Class B shares, (2) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (3) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (4) service fees paid under the Distribution Plan, and (5) service fees paid to financial intermediaries.  The service fees paid by the Funds that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.

Fund

Commission Paid by Principal Underwriter
to Financial Intermediaries

Distribution Fee Paid
to Principal Underwriter

CDSC Paid to
Principal Underwriter

Service Fees

Service Fees Paid
to Financial Intermediaries

Arizona

$0

$2,155

$0

$574

$565

Connecticut

$0

$6,788

$800

$1,810

$1,760

Minnesota

$0

$2,616

$0

$698

$665

Pennsylvania

$0

$13,744

$20

$3,665

$3,571

Performance Information.  The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 in this Class of shares for the periods shown in each table.  Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses.  Performance would have been lower without subsidies.

Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested.  Each Fund’s past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.  Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Fund’s current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return.  For the Fund’s performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.

About Returns After Taxes.  After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions.  After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period, or because the taxable portion of distributions made during the period was insignificant.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. A portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.

Arizona Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.78%

4.23%

3.48%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

0.78%

3.89%

3.48%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.78%

4.22%

3.48%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

0.78%

3.88%

3.48%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.41%

3.97%

3.43%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.58%

3.70%

3.43%




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

83

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Connecticut Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.44%

3.88%

3.27%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

0.44%

3.53%

3.27%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.44%

3.88%

3.26%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

0.44%

3.53%

3.26%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.23%

3.67%

3.24%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.40%

3.41%

3.24%


Minnesota Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.57%

3.85%

3.55%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

-0.43%

3.51%

3.55%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.55%

3.85%

3.55%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

-0.45%

3.50%

3.55%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

3.57%

3.56%

3.42%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

0.74%

3.30%

3.42%


Pennsylvania Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.44%

4.04%

2.80%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

0.44%

3.70%

2.80%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.44%

4.04%

2.79%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

0.44%

3.70%

2.79%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.44%

3.89%

2.94%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

1.61%

3.62%

2.94%




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

84

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.  At November 1, 2016 , the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of a Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:

Arizona

J.P. Morgan Securities LLC.

Brooklyn, NY

28.93%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

17.20%

 

First Clearing, LLC

Saint Louis, MO

15.12%

 

Edward D. Jones & Co.

St. Louis, MO

13.51%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

11.74%

 

Raymond James

St. Petersburg, FL

6.87%

 

Douglas R. Gabriel & Cindy B. Gabriel TTEES Douglas & Cindy Gabriel Family Trust

Scottsdale, AZ

6.59%

Connecticut

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

49.94%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

29.61%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

9.28%

Minnesota

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

60.62%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

18.11%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

8.88%

 

Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.

San Francisco, CA

6.20%

Pennsylvania

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

43.53%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

22.56%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

14.34%

Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.

To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of a Fund as of such date.



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

85

SAI dated December 1, 2016


APPENDIX C

Class C Fees, Performance and Ownership

Distribution and Service Fees.  For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2016 , the following table shows (1) sales commissions paid by the principal underwriter to financial intermediaries on sales of Class C shares, (2) distribution fees paid to the principal underwriter under the Distribution Plan, (3) approximate CDSC payments to the principal underwriter, (4) service fees paid under the Distribution Plan, and (5) service fees paid to financial intermediaries.  The service fees paid by the Funds that were not paid to financial intermediaries were retained by the principal underwriter.

Fund

Commission Paid by Principal
Underwriter to Financial
Intermediaries

Distribution Fee Paid
to Principal
Underwriter

CDSC Paid
to  Principal
Underwriter

Service
Fees

Service Fees Paid
to Financial
Intermediaries

Arizona

$46,465

$43,707

$300

$11,656

$12,260

Connecticut

$52,491

$50,734

$300

$13,529

$13,806

Minnesota

$94,072

$92,360

$400

$24,629

$24,827

Municipal Opportunities

$269,472

$238,386

$500

$79,462

$89,824

New Jersey

$183,859

$175,040

$10

$46,677

$48,647

Pennsylvania

$268,293

$262,151

$1,300

$69,907

$70,676

Performance Information.  The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000.  Total return for the period prior to the date this Class of each Fund was first offered, reflects the total return of Class B (except for Municipal Opportunities Fund and New Jersey Fund, which reflects the total return of Class A), adjusted to reflect the Class C CDSC.  The Class A or Class B total return has not been adjusted to reflect certain other expenses (such as distribution and service fees).  If such adjustments were made, the Class C total return would be different.  Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses.  Performance would have been lower without subsidies.

Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested.  Each Fund’s past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.  Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Fund’s current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return.  For the Fund’s performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.

About Returns After Taxes.  After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions.  After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period, or because the taxable portion of distributions made during the period was insignificant.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. A portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.

Arizona Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.77%

4.22%

3.48%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.77%

4.22%

3.48%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.77%

4.22%

3.48%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.77%

4.22%

3.48%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.40%

3.96%

3.43%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

3.83%

3.96%

3.43%




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

86

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Connecticut Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.54%

3.90%

3.29%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.54%

3.90%

3.29%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.54%

3.89%

3.28%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.54%

3.89%

3.28%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.29%

3.68%

3.26%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

3.72%

3.68%

3.26%

Class C commenced operations February 9, 2006.


Minnesota Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.57%

3.85%

3.54%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

3.57%

3.85%

3.54%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.55%

3.85%

3.54%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

3.55%

3.85%

3.54%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

3.57%

3.56%

3.42%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

3.00%

3.56%

3.42%


Municipal Opportunities Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Life of Fund

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

7.87%

6.38%

6.39%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

6.87%

6.38%

6.39%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

7.58%

6.09%

6.10%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

6.58%

6.09%

6.10%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.66%

5.22%

5.23%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.09%

5.22%

5.23%

Class C commenced operations August 18, 2014.

 

 



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

87

SAI dated December 1, 2016



New Jersey Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.97%

4.72%

2.74%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.97%

4.72%

2.74%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.96%

4.72%

2.74%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.96%

4.72%

2.74%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.63%

4.39%

2.88%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.07%

4.39%

2.88%


Pennsylvania Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.44%

4.04%

2.79%

Before Taxes and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.44%

4.04%

2.79%

After Taxes on Distributions and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.44%

4.04%

2.78%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.44%

4.04%

2.78%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

4.44%

3.89%

2.93%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

3.87%

3.89%

2.93%

Class C commenced operations January 13, 2006.




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

88

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.  At November 1, 2016 , the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of a Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:

Arizona

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

32.15%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

15.38%

 

American Enterprise Investment Service

Minneapolis, MN

9.20%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

7.45%

 

J.P. Morgan Securities LLC

Brooklyn, NY

6.61%

 

RBC Capital Markets LLC

Minneapolis, MN

5.65%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

5.55%

Connecticut

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

27.15%

 

LPL Financial

San Diego, CA

16.06%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

15.76%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

11.28%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

8.47%

 

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

6.12%

Minnesota

American Enterprise Investment Service

Minneapolis, MN

20.74%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

14.79%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

12.64%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

9.19%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

8.88%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

8.04%

 

LPL Financial

San Diego, CA

7.79%

Municipal Opportunities

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

19.16%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

14.79%

 

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

14.30%

 

American Enterprise Investment Service

Minneapolis, MN

13.75%

 

Raymond James

St. Petersburg, FL

9.26%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

7.13%



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

89

SAI dated December 1, 2016



New Jersey

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

26.92%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

23.27%

 

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

10.59%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

6.74%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

6.14%

 

LPL Financial

San Diego, CA

5.33%

Pennsylvania

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

38.61%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

12.46%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

8.37%

 

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

7.83%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

5.95%

 

Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.

San Francisco, CA

5.12%

Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.

To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of a Fund as of such date.




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

90

SAI dated December 1, 2016


APPENDIX D

Class I Performance and Ownership

Performance Information.  The tables below indicate the average annual total return (both before and after taxes) on a hypothetical investment in shares of $1,000.  Total return for the period prior to March 3, 2008 (for the Connecticut and New Jersey Funds) and August 3, 2010 (for the Arizona and Minnesota Funds) reflects the total return of theClass A shares adjusted to reflect the fact that Class I does not impose a sales charge.  The total return shown below has not been adjusted to reflect Fund expenses (such as distribution and/or service fees).  If such an adjustment was made, the total return of this Class would be different.  Any performance presented with an asterisk (*) includes the effect of subsidizing expenses.  Performance would have been lower without subsidies.

Total returns are historical and are calculated by determining the percentage change in net asset value or public offering price with all distributions reinvested.  Each Fund’s past performance (both before and after taxes) is no guarantee of future results. Investment return and principal value of Fund shares will fluctuate so that shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.  Performance is for the stated time period only; due to market volatility, a Fund’s current performance may be lower or higher than the quoted return.  For the Fund’s performance as of the most recent month-end, please refer to www.eatonvance.com.

About Returns After Taxes.  After-tax returns are calculated using certain assumptions.  After-tax returns are calculated using the highest historical individual federal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes.  Actual after-tax returns depend on a shareholder’s tax situation and the actual characterization of distributions, and may differ from those shown.  After-tax returns are not relevant to shareholders who hold shares in tax-deferred accounts or to shares held by non-taxable entities.  Return After Taxes on Distributions for a period may be the same as Return Before Taxes for that period because no taxable distributions were made during that period, or because the taxable portion of distributions made during the period was insignificant.  Also, Return After Taxes on Distributions and the sale of Fund Shares for a period may be greater than or equal to Return After Taxes on Distributions for the same period because of losses realized on the sale of Fund shares. A portion of the distributions made in the current year may be recharacterized as taxable after year-end.

Arizona Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.70%

5.22%

4.38%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

6.70%

5.22%

4.37%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

5.36%

4.97%

4.32%

Class I commenced operations August 3, 2010.

 

 

 


Connecticut Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.43%

4.86%

4.22%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

6.43%

4.86%

4.21%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

5.22%

4.66%

4.19%

Class I commenced operations March 3, 2008.

 

 

 


Minnesota Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

5.63%

4.85%

4.46%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

5.60%

4.84%

4.45%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

4.59%

4.56%

4.33%

Class I commenced operations August 3, 2010.

 

 

 




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

91

SAI dated December 1, 2016



Municipal Opportunities Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Life of Fund

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

8.95%

7.03%

7.02%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

8.81%

6.75%

6.75%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

5.88%

5.89%

5.88%

Class I commenced operations May 31, 2011.

 

 

 


New Jersey Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

7.00%

5.72%

3.69%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

7.00%

5.71%

3.68%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

5.66%

5.39%

3.80%

Class I commenced operations March 3, 2008.

 

 

 


Pennsylvania Fund

Length of Period Ended July 31, 2016

Average Annual Total Return:

One Year

Five Years

Ten Years

Before Taxes and Excluding Maximum Sales Charge

6.40%

5.03%

3.76%

After Taxes on Distributions and Including Maximum Sales Charge

6.40%

5.03%

3.76%

After Taxes on Distributions and Redemption and Including Maximum Sales Charge

5.41%

4.88%

3.89%

Class I commenced operations March 3, 2008.

 

 

 




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

92

SAI dated December 1, 2016


Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.  At November 1, 2016 , the Trustees and officers of the Trust, as a group, owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the outstanding shares of this Class of a Fund. In addition, as of the same date, the following person(s) held the share percentage indicated below, which was owned either (i) beneficially by such person(s) or (ii) of record by such person(s) on behalf of customers who are the beneficial owners of such shares and as to which such record owner(s) may exercise voting rights under certain limited circumstances:

Arizona

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

13.28%

 

RBC Capital Markets LLC

Minneapolis, MN

7.14%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

6.13%

 

Wells Fargo Bank NA FBO Gillette, Robert J.

Minneapolis, MN

5.16%

Connecticut

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

20.45%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

15.66%

 

Wells Fargo Bank NA FBO West

Minneapolis, MN

11.43%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

9.80%

 

LPL Financial

San Diego, CA

9.14%

 

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

6.92%

Minnesota

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

13.06%

 

Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.

San Francisco, CA

8.28%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

8.17%

 

LPL Financial

San Diego, CA

5.13%

Municipal Opportunities

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

15.54%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

14.08%

 

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

10.39%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

10.10%

 

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

9.87%

 

Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.

San Francisco, CA

6.49%

 

LPL Financial

San Diego, CA

6.45%

 

Ledyard & Co.

Hanover, NH

5.79%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

5.70%

New Jersey

National Financial Services LLC

Jersey City, NJ

14.59%

 

UBS WM USA

Weehawken, NJ

12.87%

 

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc.

Jacksonville, FL

12.62%

 

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

12.26%

 

Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.

San Francisco, CA

11.11%

 

Raymond James

St. Petersburg, FL

6.61%

 

Pershing LLC

Jersey City, NJ

5.16%

Pennsylvania

First Clearing LLC

Saint Louis, MO

19.39%

 

Wells Fargo Bank FBO Schumacker, L

Minneapolis, MN

13.14%

 

Morgan Stanley Smith Barney

Jersey City, NJ

5.46%

Beneficial owners of 25% or more of this Class of a Fund are presumed to be in control of the Class for purposes of voting on certain matters submitted to shareholders.

To the knowledge of the Trust, no other person owned of record or beneficially 5% or more of the outstanding shares of this Class of a Fund as of such date.




Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

93

SAI dated December 1, 2016


APPENDIX E

STATE SPECIFIC INFORMATION

Risks of Concentration. The following information as to certain state specific considerations is given to investors in view of a Fund’s policy of concentrating its investments in particular state issuers.  Such information supplements the information in the prospectus.  Information is also included below about U.S. territories in which a Fund may invest.  It is derived from sources that are generally available to investors and is believed to be accurate. Such information constitutes only a brief summary, does not purport to be a complete description and is based on information from official statements relating to securities offerings of issuers of each particular state.  The Trust has not independently verified this information.

The bond ratings provided in this SAI are current as of the date of the SAI.  The following describes economic conditions which may not continue and could change materially.  There can be no assurance that particular bond issues may not be adversely affected by changes in economic, political or other conditions.  Unless stated otherwise, the ratings indicated are for obligations of the state.  A state’s political subdivisions may have different ratings which are unrelated to the ratings assigned to state obligations.

Arizona.  Under its Constitution, Arizona (referred to herein as the “State” or “Arizona”) is not permitted to issue general obligation bonds secured by the State’s full faith and credit.  However, agencies and instrumentalities of the State are authorized under specified circumstances to issue bonds secured by revenues.  The State enters into certain lease transactions that are subject to annual renewal at its option.  Local governmental units in the State are also authorized to incur indebtedness.  A major source of financing for such local government indebtedness is an ad valorem property tax.  A secondary source of financing for local governments (and a major source for the State) is the sales tax.

In addition, to finance public projects, local governments may issue revenue bonds to be paid from the revenues of an enterprise or the proceeds of an excise tax, and assessment bonds payable from special proceeds of an excise tax or from special assessments.  Arizona local governments have also financed public projects through leases that are subject to annual appropriation at the option of the local government.  Any of these obligations may be purchased and held by the Arizona Fund.

Arizona is required by law to maintain a balanced budget for each fiscal year.  (The fiscal year begins on July 1 of each year and ends on June 30 of the following year.)  To achieve this objective, the State has in the past utilized a combination of spending reductions and tax increases.  In 1992, voters passed a measure that requires a two-thirds vote of the legislature to increase State taxes.

There are periodic attempts in the form of voter initiatives and legislative proposals to further limit the amount of annual increases in taxes that can be levied by the various taxing jurisdictions without voter approval.  It is possible that if such a proposal were enacted, there would be an adverse impact on State or local government financing.  In addition, at various times, proposals are made to reduce State revenue sharing with local governments to solve the State’s budget shortfall, which would further weaken the financial position of local governments.  It is not possible to predict whether any such proposals will be enacted in the future or what would be their possible impact on State or local government financing.

For several decades, Arizona’s population grew at a substantially higher rate than the population of the United States.  According to the United States Census Bureau, the State’s population in 2015 was approximately 6, 828,065 .  The population of the State increased by 24.6% from 2000 to 2010 compared to a nationwide increase in population of 9.7% during the same period.  Nonetheless, population growth in Arizona has slowed dramatically since the 2008 recession hit.  Indeed, the Arizona Department of Administration, Office of Employment and Population Statistics, estimates that the State population only grew from approximately 6,401,569 in 2010 to 6, 758,251 as of July 1, 2015 .

Arizona has enacted a General Fund budget for fiscal year 2017 totaling $9. 61 billion (the “Enacted Budget”), which is an increase of $ 93 million or 1.0 % from the $9. 52 billion in spending for fiscal year 2016 .  When the Enacted Budget was passed, fiscal year 2017 General Fund revenues were projected to be $ 9.67 billion, down from $9. 74 billion in fiscal year 2016 , with a projected General Fund closing cash surplus for fiscal year 2017 of $ 66 million.  The Enacted Budget included one-time revenues of $ 304 million, which reflected $ 225 million in a fiscal year 2016 carry-forward balance and $79 million in a fund transfer from the Health Insurance Trust Fund .  The Arizona Joint Legislative Budget Committee staff, as of October 5, 2016 , projected a fiscal year 2018 cash balance of $ 101 million, excluding the State’s Budget Stabilization Fund reserve of $460 million .

There can be no assurance that the State economy will not experience worse-than-predicted results in fiscal year 2017 or subsequent fiscal years, with corresponding material and adverse effects on the State’s projections of receipts and disbursements.  



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

94

SAI dated December 1, 2016


The State was hit hard by the global financial crisis and has suffered through several years of stagnation and slow economic growth.  However, like the national economy, the State economy has begun to show signs of modest recovery.  Nonfarm employment in August 2016 was up by 2. 0 % or 54,200 jobs as compared to August 2015 , and the year-over-year growth rate has remained at about 2% since about August 2011.  The State’s seasonally adjusted unemployment rate was 5.9 % in August 2016 (down from 6. 7 % in August 2015 ), as compared to the U.S. seasonally adjusted unemployment rate of 4.9 % in August 2016 .  The State also has been hit hard by the housing crisis, and has been experiencing a slow recovery.  The number of pending foreclosures in Maricopa County was 3,695 in July 2016, a decrease of 23.9% since July 2015 .  The housing market also showed signs of improvement in Maricopa County in July 2016 , with the median price of a single family home increased to $ 243 ,000 (a 10 .0% increase as compared to July 2015 ).  In addition, in August 2016 the number of single-family building permits issued Statewide for the previous 12-month period was 23,889 , an increase of 19.0 % from last year; however, this was still far below the June 2005 annual peak of 79,283.    A total of 10,199 multi-family building permits were issued Statewide for the 12-month period ending in August 2016 , an increase of 13.0 % from 2015, which is now greater than the comparable national rate, which decreased 5.9% from August 2015.  Fiscal year-to-date sales tax revenue as of August 2016 increased by 4.6 % over the prior year, and was $13.1 million above the Enacted Budget forecast .  Similarly, fiscal year-to-date individual income tax net revenues as of August 2016 grew 5. 0 %, over the prior year, and were $ 19 million above the Enacted Budget forecast.  Corporate income tax net collections for the same period were $ 2 .5 million more than August of the prior year and $ 3 .8 million below the Enacted Budget forecast.  In addition, as of August 2016 , fiscal year to date insurance premium tax collections and Highway User Revenue Fund collections were $ 15 .2 million above and $ 1.2 million above the Enacted Budget forecast, respectively.

While serious risks that could potentially threaten Arizona’s economy remain, they generally are lower than in the last several years.  Possibly the most serious risk to the State comes from a scenario in which the nation reverts into recession caused due to external shocks.  The role of federal government actions is now very clear, with the implementation of the Affordable Care Act and the dramatic reduction in defense spending that has occurred in the State.  A national recession would significantly delay recovery in Arizona because it would damage the State’s cyclically sensitive sectors while impeding the in-migration flow that has been responsible for considerable growth historically.  Catalysts for a national downturn include another financial episode triggered by a debt crisis or a geopolitical or natural shock.  In particular, geopolitical shocks could affect the travel and hospitality industry that was poised to grow from very low levels as of January 2015.

On November 26, 2013, Moody’s Investor Services assigned the A1 rating, the 5th highest of 10 investment grade levels, to the Arizona School Facilities Board’s Refunding Certificates of Participation.  The State is also assigned an overall credit rating, including non-General Fund obligations.  Moody’s affirmed the State’s Aa3 rating on November 26, 2013, and changed the outlook to positive from stable.  Moody’s attributed the change in outlook and affirmations of the ratings primarily to recent strong economic trends following a severe recession and the expectation of continued growth in the near term, combined with improvement in the State's liquidity and General Fund balances.  More recently, Moody’s raised the State’s overall credit rating from Aa3 to Aa2 on May 4, 2015, and affirmed that the outlook for the State is stable, reflecting the expectation that the State’s economy will continue to expand and that recent budget actions will stabilize reserves and rapidly restore structural balance.

Connecticut.  State General Fund:   The State of Connecticut (sometimes referred to herein as the “State” or “Connecticut”) finances most of its operations through its General Fund.  Certain State functions, such as the State’s transportation budget, are financed through other State funds.  For budgetary purposes, the State’s General Fund has been accounted for in accordance with accounting standards prescribed by statutes (“budgetary-basis”).  State General Fund expenditures are categorized for budget and appropriation purposes under ten functional headings, listed in order of magnitude of expenditure for the budget for the biennium ending June 30, 2016:  Education, Libraries and Museums; Non-Functional (debt service and miscellaneous expenditures including fringe benefits); Human Services; Health and Hospitals; Corrections; General Government; Judicial; Regulation and Protection; Conservation and Development; and Legislative. State expenditures for Department of Transportation functions are generally paid from the Special Transportation Fund, although minor expenditures for transportation related expenditures are occasionally paid from the General Fund. 

The State has not been required by law to prepare generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) financial statements, although it has prepared such statements annually since 1988.  Legislation was passed in 2011 which facilitated a transition from the prior modified cash basis of accounting to a statutory basis of accounting that incorporates certain policy objectives of GAAP.  Unless otherwise stated, amounts set forth in the discussion that follows refer to such amounts as calculated on the budgetary-basis of accounting.  The State’s General Fund, on a budgetary (modified cash) basis, ran an operating deficit of approximately $947.6 million in fiscal year 2008-09, which was funded through the issuance of economic recovery notes in the



Eaton Vance Municipal Income Funds

95

SAI dated December 1, 2016


amount of approximately $915.8 million.  The General Fund ran operating surpluses in fiscal years 2009-10 and 2010-11 of approximately $449.9 million and $236.9 million, respectively.  The entire fiscal year 2009-10 surplus balance was reserved for fiscal year 2010-11, $140.0 million for spending and the remaining $309.9 million to reduce the amount of economic recovery revenue bonds to be issued.  The State has since repealed the authorization to issue economic recovery revenue bonds.  In accordance with State statute and accounting procedures, the fiscal year 2010-11 surplus amount was deposited to the Budget Reserve Fund.  The General Fund ran an operating deficit of approximately $143.5 million in fiscal year 2011-12, which was eliminated through the release of a portion of funds from the Budget Reserve Fund.  The General Fund ran an operating surplus in fiscal year 2012-13 of approximately $398.0 million.  Pursuant to Public Act No. 13-184, $220.8 million of the fiscal year 2012-13 surplus was reserved for future fiscal year funding and $177.2 million was reserved for a statutory transfer to the Budget Reserve Fund, leaving no unappropriated surplus for the fiscal year.  The General Fund ran an operating surplus in fiscal year 2013-14 of approximately $248.5 million.   The entire surplus was reserved for a statutory transfer to the Budget Reserve Fund, leaving no unappropriated surplus for fiscal year 2013-14.   Pursuant to the Comptroller’s audited budgetary based financial report, as of June 30, 2015, the General Fund ran an operating deficit in fiscal year 2014-15 of $113.2 million on a GAAP budgetary basis of accounting.  The entire deficit was eliminated through a transfer from the State’s Budget Reserve Fund reducing the Budget Reserve Fund balance to $406.0 million, approximately 2.2% of the State’s net General Fund appropriations for fiscal year 2015-16.   On September 30, 2016 , the Comptroller released unaudited legal financial statements indicating that the General Fund ran an operating deficit in fiscal year 2015-16 of approximately $ 170.4 million in accordance with specific budgetary basis accounting standards set forth by statute, which incorporate new budgeted expenditure accruals consistent with specific statutory reporting requirements. GAAP accrual adjustments will not be finalized for several months and could potentially materially impact final audited results.  The Comptroller noted that the deficit will be eliminated through a transfer from the State’s Budget Reserve Fund .  As a result of such transfer, the balance in the Budget Reserve Fund will be reduced to $235.6 million which is equal to approximately 1.3% of the net General Fund appropriations for fiscal year 2016-17 .  

Biennium Budget for Fiscal Years 2015-16 and 2016-17 : The General Assembly passed, and the Governor signed into law, Public Act No. 15-244, An Act Concerning The State Budget For The Biennium Ending June 30, 2017, And Making Appropriations Therefor, And Other Provisions Related To Revenue, Deficiency Appropriations And Tax Fairness And Economic Development, subsequently amended in a special session, along with additional legislation to implement the policy change reflected in the budget.  These acts make General Fund appropriations of $18,161.6 million in fiscal year 2015-16, which represents 3.9% growth over fiscal year 2014-15 appropriations, and $18,711.2 million in fiscal year 2016-17.  The budget projects General Fund revenues of $18,162.4 million in fiscal year 2015-16 and $18,713.6 million in fiscal year 2016-17, resulting in a projected  surplus of $0.8 million in fiscal year 2015-16 and $2.5 million in fiscal year 2016-17.  

The budget bill includes $802.1 million in revenue enhancements in fiscal year 2015-16 and $664.4 million in fiscal year 2016-17.  The significant revenue changes include:  

An increase to the top personal income tax marginal rate

Sales and use tax changes including the elimination of the exemption for clothing and footwear less than $50

Limits on the use of net operating losses against the corporate tax

Rebasing the hospital net revenue tax

An intercept of sales and use tax revenue for the “Let’s Go CT!” transportation initiative and for property tax relief

Beginning in fiscal year 2015-16, all revenue from the Oil Companies tax will be deposited to the Special Transportation Fund

Eliminating the subsidy from the resources of the General Fund to the Special Transportation Fund




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The significant expenditure changes as compared to current services include:  

Capping various statutory formula grants

Programmatic and rate changes to Medicaid

Hiring, wage and overtime savings

The State is required to adopt a fiscal year budget under which (i) the amount of general budget expenditures do not exceed estimated revenues and (ii) year-over-year increases in general budget expenditures do not exceed specified limits.  Section 2-33a of the Connecticut General Statutes sets out the State’s expenditure cap.  The adopted budget would be $23.0 million below the expenditure cap for fiscal year 2015-16 and $106.2 million below the expenditure cap for fiscal year 2016-17, as calculated under Section 35 of the budget bill. The calculations as specified in such section made two changes in the manner in which the expenditure cap is calculated:  first, the five year personal income growth rate is calculated on a calendar year rather than a fiscal year basis, and second, calculations assume that appropriations for the unfunded liabilities of the State’s retirement systems are exempt from being counted as general budget expenditures under the expenditure cap.

The budget bill also makes several changes to the State’s budget reserve fund effective July 1, 2019.  It raises the maximum cap on the total allowable deposits to the budget reserve fund from 10% to 15% of the net General Fund appropriations for any fiscal year.  In addition, it incorporates an automatic funding mechanism that is triggered when certain revenue sources exceed an average historical growth rate.  Further, as deposits to the budget reserve fund rise, a portion of those increases are diverted to the State Employees Retirement Fund according to a formula set forth in the budget bill. 

Components of the State’s General Fund revenues include:  (i) personal income taxes, (ii) sales and use taxes, (iii) corporation business taxes, (iv) other taxes (including inheritance and estate taxes; taxes on:  gross receipts of public service corporations, net direct premiums of insurance companies, oil companies, cigarettes and alcoholic beverages, real estate transfers, admissions and dues, and healthcare providers; and other miscellaneous taxes), (v) Federal grants, and (vi) other non-tax revenues (including special revenue transfers; Indian gaming payments; licenses, permits and fees; sales of commodities and services; rents, fines and escheats; investment income; other miscellaneous revenue sources; and designated Tobacco Settlement Revenues).  General Fund revenues are derived primarily from the collection of State taxes, including the personal income tax, the sales and use tax and the corporation business tax. General Fund revenues were forecasted by the General Assembly at the adoption of the budgets for the biennium ending June 30, 2016 .  The State, as of the forecast date, expected to derive approximately 86.6 percent and 87.0 percent of its General Fund revenues from taxes during fiscal year 2015-16 and fiscal year 2016-17 , respectively.  

Adopted Budget Revisions :  On December 8, 2015, the adopted biennium budget was amended to reduce appropriated expenditures by $195.8 million in both fiscal year 2015-16 and 2016-17.  In addition, the amendments made several revenue adjustments, including the delay in the sales tax revenue diversions from the General Fund to the Municipal Revenue Sharing Account and Special Transportation Fund, expected to result in $137.5 million in additional revenue in fiscal year 2015-16.  For fiscal year 2016-17, revenues were reduced by $17.5 million due to the expansion of various tax credits, modifications of the cap on unitary combined reporting method under the corporation tax, and changes to certain transfers.   

Midterm Budget Revisions for Fiscal Year 2017 :  The General Assembly passed Public Act No. 16-2 of the May Special Session, as amended which makes mid-term budget revisions for fiscal year 2016-17 along with additional legislation to implement the budget and policy changes reflected in the budget.  Based upon the most recent consensus revenue estimate issued on April 29, 2016 by the Office of Policy and Management and the legislature’s Office of Fiscal Analysis and adjusted for policy changes contained in the budget, revenues are anticipated to be $17,886.7 million, expenditures are anticipated to be $17,886.5 million, and the revised budget is estimated to result in a General Fund surplus of $0.2 million for fiscal year 2016-17 and would be approximately $612.8 million below the expenditure cap.  

The revised fiscal year 2016-17 budget includes policy changes that are projected to result in approximately $136.3 million in additional revenue above the consensus revenue forecast.  The most significant change includes a reduction in sales and use tax revenue transfers to both the Municipal Revenue Sharing Account and the Special Transportation Fund.  

The revised budget represents a reduction in appropriations of approximately $824.7 million compared to the originally adopted budget for fiscal year 2016-17.  The more significant changes include:  

Across-the-board reductions to funding for personal services ($255.0 million) and other expenses ($50.0 million)

Fringe benefits reductions, principally as a result of the personnel reductions noted above ($70.5 million)



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Funding eliminations for wage increases ($67.6 million)

Block grant reductions for higher education ($54.5 million)

Funding reductions for municipal payment in lieu of taxes grants, public school and non-public school transportation grants, adult education, and education cost sharing grants (net of the originally budgeted lapse) ($68.3 million)

Reduced hospital supplemental grant payments ($44 million)

The Governor signed such bill, however he exercised his line-item veto authority for amounts totaling $22.5 million in appropriations in order to offset projected savings anticipated from proposed legislation which was not passed by the General Assembly.  In addition, pursuant to Public Act No. 16-4 of the May Special Session, which was passed by the General Assembly and signed into law by the Governor, the revised fiscal year 2016-17 budget includes cancellations of $1,000.9 million in general obligation bond authorizations and $358.6 million in new general obligation bond authorizations, resulting in a net decrease of $642.3 million in general obligation bond authorizations to take effect in fiscal year 2016-17.  It also includes an increase of $68.6 million in special tax obligation bonds to take effect in fiscal year 2016-17. 

A special session of the General Assembly was held on September 28, 2016 pursuant to which Public Act No. 16-1 of the September 2016 Special Session was passed and signed into law.  The Public Act allows the DECD commissioner to enter into an agreement with Lockheed Martin regarding the production of U.S. Navy heavy lift helicopters at Sikorsky, a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin.  Lockheed Martin will have the opportunity to earn up to $220 million over the 14 years of the agreement, provided they retain and grow full time employment to over 8,000 employees, nearly double spending with suppliers throughout the State (an increase of over $300 million), and increase capital spending by 22% (approximately $17 million). 

Fiscal Year 2016-17 Operations:  Pursuant to Section 3-115 of the Connecticut General Statutes, the State’s fiscal position is reported on or before the first day of each month by the Comptroller.  Pursuant to Section 4-66 of the Connecticut General Statutes, by the twentieth day of each month, OPM provides projected estimates to the Comptroller of revenues and expenditures for the current fiscal year for use by the Comptroller in preparing the Comptroller’s monthly report.  

In the monthly estimates provided by OPM on September 20, 2016 for the General Fund for fiscal year 2016-17 as of the period ending August 31, 2016 , the General Fund was estimated to have an operating surplus of $ 0.2 million under a GAAP-based budgeting scenario.  In his monthly report dated October 3, 2016 for fiscal year 2016-17 as of the period ending August 31, 2016 , the Comptroller indicated his general agreement with OPM’s September 20, 2016 estimate , but reported a General Fund operating deficit of $ 0 .4 million.  On October 13, 2016 , the Legislature’s Office of Fiscal Analysis projected a General Fund deficit for fiscal year 2016-17 of $ 77 .9 million.  The next monthly report of OPM is expected on October 20, 2016 and no assurances can be given that the estimates in such report will match OPM’s prior estimates.  The next monthly report of the Comptroller is expected on November 1, 2016 and no assurances can be given that the estimates in such report will match the Comptroller’s prior estimates or the estimates of OPM.  

The above projections are only estimates and no assurances can be given that future events will materialize as estimated, or that subsequent estimates or adjustments by OPM, the Comptroller or other State agencies will not reflect changes in the estimated or final result of fiscal year 2016-17 of the General Fund.  In addition, adjustments or audit or actions of the State may also result in changes in the final result of fiscal year 2016-17 operations of the General Fund.  

OPM and the Office of Fiscal Analysis, on November 13, 2015 each submitted a fiscal accountability report projecting the ending balance in the General Fund for the then current fiscal year and the three ensuing fiscal years as follows:  

General Fund Operating Surplus/(Deficit) Projections

(In Millions)


Fiscal Year

2015-16

2016-17

2017-18

2018-19

2019-20

Office of Policy and Management

$( 122.4)

$( 508.1)

$( 1,283.0)

$( 1,231.8)

$( 1,428.3)

Office of Fiscal Analysis

$( 254.4)

$( 552.0)

$( 1,722.8)

$( 1,872.9)

$( 2,211.5)







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SAI dated December 1, 2016


The difference between the projections of the two offices reflects differences in methodology.  The projections in the OPM report were based upon a current practices approach and assume the continuation of certain budgetary policies that have been customarily enacted in prior years. The projections in the Office of Fiscal Analysis report were based on current services.  

Pursuant to Section 2-36c of the Connecticut General Statutes, on April 29, 2016, OPM and the Legislature’s Office of Fiscal Analysis issued their consensus revision to their January 15, 2016 consensus revenue estimates for the current fiscal year and the three ensuing fiscal years as follows:  

General Fund Consensus Revenue Estimate
(in Millions)

 

 

Fiscal Year

 

 

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

Revenue Estimate November 10, 2015

$17,944.9

$18,311.8

$18,530.9

$19,066.6

$ 19,628.7

Revenue Estimate January 15, 2016

18,053.9

18,150.5

18,321.9

18,822.7

19,385.6

Revenue Estimate April 29, 2016

17,732.4

17,750.4

17,847.7

18,300.1

18,824.5

Amount Changed (11/10/15 to 4/29/16)

(212.5)

(561.4)

(683.2)

(766.5)

(804.2)

The projections of OPM and the Office of Fiscal Analysis are only estimates and no assurances can be given that future events will materialize as estimated, or that subsequent estimates, adjustments or actions of the State will not reflect changes in the operations of the General Fund or in the estimated or final results of such fiscal years.  In addition, the State has a balanced budget requirement and an expenditure cap as discussed above.  As such, budgets adopted for the future fiscal years will need to comply with those requirements.  As a result, the figures included in the report do not represent a projection of the actual financial results that might be expected, but instead serve as a planning tool.  

The above projections are only estimates and no assurances can be given that future events will materialize as estimated, or that subsequent estimates or adjustments by OPM, the Comptroller or other State agencies will not reflect changes in the estimated or final result of fiscal year 2015-16 of the General Fund.  In addition, adjustments or audit or actions of the State may also result in changes in the final result of fiscal year 2015-16 operations of the General Fund.  

At a cabinet meeting with State commissioners on October 28, 2015, the Governor outlined the current budgetary challenges facing the State and laid out his principles for addressing those challenges and set forth ideas for moving the State forward.  Among his ideas are efforts to improve the State’s business climate and grow jobs, to shrink and increase the efficiency of State government, and to make the budgetary impact of the State’s employee pension system less burdensome.

Specifically, the Governor indicated he would discuss the following with legislative leaders:


 

The concepts laid out by the Governor have not yet been reduced to concrete proposals.  Some of these concepts would require legislation to be put into effect, and some may require the agreement of SEBAC.  

The pension funding proposal would represent a significant change in the current method of funding.  The actual benefits and timing of payment of benefits would not change, and so the overall pension liability would not change (although the change in the investment assumption would change the measurement of the liability).  An effect of the changes would be to hold funding requirements at stable levels, but extend the funding requirements out for a longer period of time.  The current fixed amortization period ending in 2032 will be extended to a rolling 15 year amortization indefinitely.  Through this, the funding requirements would be more stable and predictable and should not grow on a year over year basis, as would be the case by the current fixed amortization, level percent of payroll method and 8% earnings assumption.

State General Obligation Bonds:  The State’s primary method for financing capital projects is through the sale of general obligation bonds.  These bonds are backed by the full faith and credit of the State.  As of July 1, 2016 , the State had authorized direct general obligation bond indebtedness totaling approximately $ 42,570.8 million, of which approximately $ 38,742.6 million had been approved for issuance by the State Bond Commission and approximately $ 35,561.1 million had been issued, leaving an authorized but unissued balance of $3, 181 .5 million and $ 3,828.2 million bonds available for authorization.  These figures reflect pension obligation, UConn 2000, tax increment, Connecticut Housing Finance Authority (“CHFA”) supportive housing, CHFA emergency mortgage assistance program and GAAP deficit bonds, but do not reflect Capital Region Development Authority (“CRDA”) and Connecticut Health and Educational Facilities Authority (“CHEFA”) childcare



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SAI dated December 1, 2016


facilities bonds, Economic Recovery Notes 2013 Series A and 2014 Series A, or lease financings.  As of June 30, 2016 , net State direct general obligation indebtedness outstanding was approximately $ 17,704.3 million (including pension obligation, UConn 2000, tax increment, CHFA supportive housing bonds and CHFA emergency mortgage assistance program bonds and lease financings, but not including refunded bonds, university auxiliary services, CRDA and CHEFA childcare facilities bonds, limited or contingent liabilities of the State, or obligations of the State to towns for participation in school building construction/alteration).  On August 3, 2016, the State issued $250,000,000 General Obligation Bonds ( 2016 Series D ) and $250,000,000 Taxable General Obligation Bonds ( 2016 Series A ).  On or about October 26, 2016 the State anticipates issuing approximately $585,000,000 General Obligation Bonds ( 2016 Series E ) and approximately $65,000,000 General Obligation Bonds ( 2016 Series F - Green Bonds ).   

State Special Tax Obligation Bonds:  In 1984 the State adopted legislation establishing a transportation infrastructure program and authorizing special tax obligation (“STO”) bonds to finance the program.  The State’s share of the cost of the transportation infrastructure program for State fiscal year 1984-85 through fiscal year 2019-20 to be financed by STO bonds currently is estimated at $ 18,500 .0 million.  The actual amount may exceed $ 18,500 .0 million in order to finance reserves and cost of issuance amounts. As of July 1, 2016 , the State had authorized STO bond indebtedness of approximately $ 14,704.2 million (not including refunding bonds, which do not require legislative approval), of which approximately $ 13,144.6 million had been approved for issuance by the State Bond Commission and approximately $ 9,920.0 million had been issued, leaving an authorized but unissued balance of $ 4,784 .0 million and $ 3,224.5 million bonds available for authorization.   Public Act No. 16-4 of the May Special Session, which was passed by the General Assembly and signed into law by the Governor, included an increase of $68.6 million in special tax obligation bonds to take effect in Fiscal Year 2017.  As of July 1, 2016 , the amount of STO bond indebtedness outstanding (including refunding bonds) was approximately $4, 492.3 million.  On September 28, 2016 , the State issued $ 868,265 ,000 Special Tax Obligation Bonds consisting of $ 800 ,000,000 Special Tax Obligation Bonds Transportation Infrastructure Purposes, 2016 Series A and $ 68,265 ,000 Special Tax Obligation Refunding Bonds Transportation Infrastructure Purposes, 2016 Series B.  

Bradley International Airport Revenue Bonds:  Bradley International Airport, located in Windsor Locks, Connecticut, is owned and operated by the Connecticut Airport Authority, a quasi-public authority of the State governed by an eleven member board.  The General Assembly has authorized the issuance of revenue bonds for improvements at Bradley International Airport, payable from all or a portion of the revenues generated at the Airport. As of February 15, 2016 , there were $ 122.98 million of Bradley International Airport Revenue Bonds outstanding.  In addition, the State is a party to certain interest rate swap agreements with respect to certain outstanding bonds.  Any obligations of the State under the interest rate swap agreements are payable from all or a portion of the revenues generated at the Airport.  In addition, as of February 15, 2016,  $30.6 million special obligation bonds to finance self-sustaining special facilities at Bradley International Airport payable solely from the revenues derived from such special facilities are outstanding.  

Clean Water Fund Revenue Bonds:  As of February 15, 2016 , the General Assembly had authorized the issue of revenue bonds for up to $3, 195 .6 million for the purpose of funding various State and federally mandated water pollution control and drinking water projects, of which $1, 966 .6 million bonds had been issued and $ 813.1 million bonds were outstanding (including refunding bonds).  The General Assembly passed and the Governor signed into law $58.0.0 million in additional clean water revenue bond authorizations for fiscal year 2015-16 and $180.0 million in such authorizations for fiscal year 2016-17.  The revenue bonds are payable solely from the revenues or other receipts, funds or moneys of the Clean Water Fund.  The proceeds of the revenue bonds are loaned primarily to Connecticut municipalities and public water systems to finance water pollution control and drinking water improvements, and the loan repayments by the municipalities and public water systems secure the revenue bonds.  The loans are evidenced by interim funding obligations and project loan obligations of the municipalities and public water systems, pursuant to which either the full faith and credit of each such entity, or the revenues and other funds of a municipal sewer or public water system, are pledged.  

Unemployment Compensation Fund Borrowings:  The State pays unemployment compensation benefits from the State’s Unemployment Compensation Fund, which is funded by unemployment compensation taxes collected from employers.  To fund possible shortfalls, the State has reserved the authority to issue bonds in an aggregate amount outstanding at any time not in excess of $1.0 billion, plus amounts for certain reserves and costs of issuance.  In addition, the State may borrow from the Federal Unemployment Trust Fund to fund a deficit in the State’s Unemployment Compensation Fund.  As of February 15, 2016 , State borrowings outstanding from the Federal Unemployment Trust Fund were $ 100.9 million.  The State anticipates that there will be additional borrowing from the Federal Unemployment Trust Fund in the amount of approximately $ 41 million during calendar year 2016 , and that such additional borrowing will be repaid on or prior to September 1, 2016 .  The State anticipates excess amounts in the State’s Unemployment Compensation Fund will be applied to reduce its debt and that there will be no borrowings outstanding from the Federal Unemployment Trust Fund at the end of calendar year 2016 .  



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SAI dated December 1, 2016


Contingent Liability Debt:  The State has limited or contingent liability on a significant amount of bonds.  The State has established a number of quasi-public agencies that are not departments, institutions or agencies of the State, but are, however, bodies politic and corporate that constitute public instrumentalities and political subdivisions of the State.  Among the public authorities are:  the Connecticut Green Bank (formerly known as the Clean Energy Finance and Investment Authority), the Connecticut Airport Authority, the Connecticut Health and Educational Facilities Authority (“CHEFA”), the Connecticut Higher Education Supplemental Loan Authority (a subsidiary of CHEFA ) (“CHESLA”), the Connecticut Housing Finance Authority (“CHFA”), Connecticut Innovations, Incorporated (into which has merged the operations and programs of the Connecticut Development Authority), the Capital Region Development Authority (previously known as the Capital City Economic Development Authority), and the Materials Innovation and Recycling Authority (previously known as the Connecticut Resources Recovery Authority).  Each of these public authorities is authorized to issue bonds in its own name to facilitate its activities and , with the exception of the Connecticut Airport Authority and the Connecticut Green Bank, each has issued bonds secured by a special capital reserve fund which the State undertakes to restore to its minimum level (“SCRF”) or other contractual arrangement, for which the State has limited contingent liability.  Bonds on which the State has limited or contingent liability have also been issued by the Cities of Bridgeport, West Haven and Waterbury to fund past budget deficits and the Southeastern Connecticut Water Authority.  In addition, the University of Connecticut may issue special obligation bonds which may be secured by SCRF.  As of February 15, 2016 , the amount of bonds outstanding on which the State has limited or contingent liability as a result of a special capital reserve fund or a State guarantee of municipal debt totaled $3, 884.6 million.  In addition, (i) on June 30, 2016 CHESLA issued $15,000,000 State Supported Revenue Bonds (“CHESLA Loan Program”), 2016 Series A; (ii) since February 15, 2016, the CHFA issued an additional net $202.1 million bonds under the Housing Mortgage Finance Program supported by the special capital reserve fund which amount accounts for bonds supported by the special capital reserve fund which have been issued, defeased and paid off since that date; and (iii) on September 13, 2016, the CHEFA issued $55,030,000 Revenue Bonds, Connecticut State University System Issue, Series P-1 and $19,530,000 Revenue Refunding Bonds, Connecticut State University System Issue, Series P-2 supported by the special capital reserve fund.  

Ratings:  The State’s general obligation bonds are rated Aa3 by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and AA - by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (“S&P”), Fitch Ratings, Inc. (“Fitch”) and Kroll Bond Rating Agency, Inc. (“Kroll”).  Moody's has assigned a “negative” credit outlook on the State’s general obligation debt and S&P , Fitch and Kroll have each assigned a “stable” credit outlook on the State's general obligation debt.  Each such rating and credit outlook reflects only the views of the respective rating agency, and an explanation of the significance of such rating and credit outlook may be obtained from such rating agency.  There is no assurance that such ratings will continue for any given period of time or that they will not be revised or withdrawn entirely by such rating agency if in the judgment of such rating agency circumstances so warrant.

School Building Grant Obligations:  The State is obligated to various cities, towns and regional school districts to fund certain of the costs of construction and alteration of school buildings or to support part of the debt service payments on municipal and district debt issued to fund the State’s share of such costs.  The State has authorized new school construction grant commitments of approximately $ 732 .0 million which take effect in fiscal year 2015-16 .  As of June 30, 2015, the Commissioner of Education estimates that current grant obligations under the progress payment basis program established in 1997 are approximately $3,029.0 million.  As of June 30, 2015, the State is obligated under the pre-1997 debt service subsidy basis program for approximately $100.0 million in aggregate principal installment and interest payments with respect to municipal and district debt.  Funding for these payments may come from future State direct general obligation bond sales.  No new grant commitments can be authorized under the pre-1977 program.  

Pension And Retirement Systems:  The State sponsors several public employee retirement systems and also provides other post-employment benefits.  It should be noted that the characteristics of the pension plan systems, where significant assets are available to meet the State’s obligations, are different than the characteristics of the systems providing other post-employment benefits, which have not accumulated significant assets.  Both types of plans have unfunded liability that represent significant financial obligations of the State, both now and in the future.  In round numbers, the unfunded liability of the pension systems aggregate approximately $25.7 billion and the unfunded liability of the other post-employment benefits aggregate approximately $22 billion.

The two largest of the State-sponsored public employee retirement systems are the State Employees’ Retirement System   (SERS) and the Teachers’ Retirement System (TRS).  These plans have been in operation for a number of years and have significant assets held for the purposes of the plan. Each plan began with “pay-as-you-go” funding, where benefits to beneficiaries were paid from the State’s General Fund when due.  In 1971 the plans were converted to actuarially funded plans and irrevocable trusts were established to accumulate assets that are invested on a long-term basis to fund future liabilities on an actuarial basis. In an actuarially funded pension plan, plan contributions, plus plan assets and the return on plan assets, are designed to meet the future benefits payments over the life of the plan.



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The transition of the plans from a “pay-as-you-go” basis to a fully funded actuarial basis requires setting aside significant assets.  As it would be impractical to set aside the accumulated liability in a short period, it was contemplated that the plans would achieve full funding over a period of time.  When both of the State’s major pension plans were converted to an actuarial funding method, the original time period set to achieve full funding was set at 40 years, a period which was extended in the past.   Under the current funding model, the remaining period to reach full funding is approximately 19 .4 years (as of June 30, 2015 ) for the Teachers’ Retirement Fund and 16 years (as of June 30, 2015 ) for the State Employees’ Retirement Fund as long as the State fully funds the annual funding requirement recommended by the actuary, as described below and the actuarial assumptions are realized. This actuarially recommended contribution is referred to as the “ARC”.

One measure of the level of funding is the “funded ratio”, which is calculated by dividing the actuarial value of the assets of the plan by the actuarial accrued liability of the plan.  The funded ratio for each plan is shown below.  Also shown is the funded ratio calculated based on the market value of the assets of the plan.  Until 2000, the pension plans made steady progress towards being fully funded; for example, the State Employees’ Retirement System experienced an increase in the funded ratio from 51% in 1993 to 63% in 2000, and the funding required remained fairly constant at 12.8% to 14.9% of payroll. Two factors had a significant impact in reversing this trend.  First, significant market downturns experienced in the fiscal years ending June 30, 2000, 2001 and 2009 reduced the market value of the assets set aside in the plans.  Second, prior to the fiscal year ending June 30, 2009, in the case of the Teachers’ Retirement System, and prior to the fiscal year ending June 30, 2012 in the case of the State Employees’ Retirement System, the State failed to fully fund its ARC payments.  In the fiscal years ending June 30,  2009 through 2011 the shortfall in funding of the ARC payments for SERS totaled $314.5 million.

By statute, actuarial valuations are performed with respect to the systems every two years.  Because these valuations are estimating future resources and future liabilities, it is necessary to make assumptions in arriving at these future assets and liabilities.  Using these assumptions, the actuarial valuation compares the actuarial accrued liability with the actuarial value of assets and any excess of that liability over the assets forms an unfunded actuarial accrued liability (“UAAL”).  This UAAL represents the remaining amortization of the original unfunded status, changes in the UAAL arising from actual experience compared to these assumptions (including actual investment performance compared to assumed performance), changes in the actuarial assumptions, and any failure to fully fund the ARC payments in prior years.  The actuarial valuation then arrives at a recalculated ARC for future years, which represents the sum of benefits to be accrued in these years, plus the amortization of the recalculated UAAL over the remaining amortization period.

In addition to these recalculations, the State has taken several additional steps in the last few years to address the funding issues with the plans.  In the case of the State Employees’ Retirement System, it has negotiated reduced benefits, made more conservative assumptions which have had the effect of increasing the UAAL , and eliminated the provisions which permitted the State to not make its full ARC payment.  In the case of the Teachers’ Retirement System, in April 2008 the State issued $2,276.6 million of pension obligation bonds to fund a $2.0 billion deposit to the Teachers’ Retirement Fund plus amounts required for costs of issuance and capitalized interest.  

In addition to statutory commitments (which can be, and have been, changed by legislation), the State now has contractual commitments requiring annual funding of the ARC.  In the case of the Teachers’ Retirement System, the State is required to fund the annual amount as a condition of a bond covenant (subject to certain financial exigencies) which runs through the end of the plan’s amortization period in 2032.  In the case of the State Employees’ Retirement System, the State is required to annually fund the ARC pursuant to its bargaining agreement with the State Employees Bargaining Agent Coalition (“SEBAC”), which runs through 2022; the amortization period continues to 2032.  

Pension Task Force .  Various State officials have proposed the State begin consideration as to whether the current funding model for pension benefits continues to be appropriate.  Concerns have arisen regarding projected increases in State pension contributions under the current funding method that could be required in the latter years of the fixed amortization period in order to achieve 100% funding of the UAAL in 2032.  Once 100% funding is reached, the State’s required pension contributions are projected to be significantly reduced to the normal cost amount described below. Various proposals have been made by the Governor, the State Treasurer, and the State Comptroller for the use of different methodologies designed to avoiding the need to fund such higher future State contributions towards the end of the current fixed amortization period and to smooth out the future annual cost of funding the State’s pensions over time. These different methodologies, if adopted, could change the manner in which the State funds the pension systems, the time period over which it is funded, and the manner in which the annual funding amount is calculated.  To be implemented, any proposal would need to take into account various accounting, actuarial, statutory and contractual factors including the SEBAC agreement and adherence to the TRS pension obligation bond covenant described above.  No representation is made about the possible results of the consideration of these proposals and the impact they may have on the State’s current funding model.  The Governor in his February 3, 2016 “State of the State” address before the General Assembly indicated that he had directed the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management to create a task force of the stakeholders in the State’s retirement systems, including the State Treasurer, the Comptroller, SEBAC and the State employees it



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represents, and Connecticut teachers, to develop a consensus as to making the State’s retirement systems more affordable and more sustainable.       

The Task Force, working with the plan actuaries, met and reviewed several scenarios and strategies for SERS.  Implementation of certain changes requires the approval of SEBAC.  OPM selected the following scenario for discussion with SEBAC and OPM’s Office of Labor Relations is currently in active discussions with SEBAC regarding the specific parameters that will be used for the June 30, 2016 valuation, which will be produced in November.  The scenario being discussed with SEBAC is:

Continuing to pre-fund all liabilities on an actuarial basis

Reducing the assumed investment rate of return from 8% to 7%

Transitioning from level percent of payroll to a level dollar amortization for unfunded

liabilities

Transitioning the actuarial cost method from Projected Unit Credit to Entry Age Normal

Maintaining the original 40 year amortization schedule for the current unfunded liability attributable to Tier I employees and amortizing the remaining unfunded liability over a new period yet to be determined

Amortizing future gains or losses over a new fixed period

The effect of these changes would be to slightly increase the State’s ARC payment in the short term and extend the amortization of the UAAL.  In addition, these changes would also have the effect of leveling out future ARC contributions at a more stable level while reducing the risk of relatively high contributions in the final years of the original fixed amortization period.  No  specific recommendations with respect to TRS have been made by either the Task Force or OPM at this time.  

The State began reporting pensions in accordance with Governmental Accounting Standards Board (“GASB”) Statement Nos. 67 (“GASB 67”) and 68 beginning with fiscal year 2013-14, which prescribe certain methods for comparability and other purposes.  These methods are not necessarily the same as those used in calculating the actuarial recommended contribution of the State, which are determined by statute and/or contract.  

The State expects to receive the biennial actuarial valuation reports as of June 30, 2016, with respect to both the State Employees’ Retirement Fund and the Teachers’ Retirement Fund in late October or November 2016.  Such reports will calculate the actuarial value of assets, actuarial accrued liability, UAAL, funded ratio and ARC for Fiscal Years 2018 and 2019 for each fund.  The reports will reflect actual experience compared to assumptions during the last two years as well as the impact of any revised assumptions. 

It is anticipated that the actuarial value of assets, actuarial accrued liability, UAAL, funded ratio, and ARC will change and such changes may be material.  There are many factors and assumptions used to make such calculations.  One such factor is the actual investment returns of each fund as compared to the investment return assumptions.  Investment return experience as of June 30, 2016, is further described below.  Given that the recent actual investment return experience has been less than the assumed rate of return, all other things being equal, this factor would have the effect of increasing the UAAL and causing a corresponding decrease in the funded ratio of each fund. However, other factors could affect these results and the State’s full funding of the ARCs each year as well as the State’s use of actuarial smoothing of investment returns over five and four years respectively for the two plans, could mitigate the impact of recent lower than assumed investment returns on these actuarial valuations.   

State Employees’ Retirement Fund:  The State Employees’ Retirement Fund has approximately (i) 50,556 active members, consisting of 37,597 vested members and 12,959 non-vested members, (ii) 1, 453 deferred vested members, and (iii) 46,313 retired members and beneficiaries as of June 30, 2015 .  Payments into the fund are made from employee contributions, General and Special Transportation Fund appropriations and grant reimbursements from Federal and other funds.  State contributions to the fund are made monthly on the basis of transfers submitted by the Office of the State Comptroller.  

The State Employees Retirement Commission received an actuarial valuation dated November 19, 2014 prepared as of June 30, 2014, which calculated the annual required contributions for the fiscal years ending, June 30, 2016 and 2017.  



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The November 2014 actuarial valuation reported the following results as of June 30, 2014 with respect to the State Employees’ Retirement Fund:

Market Value of Assets

$10,472.6 million

Actuarial Value of Assets

$10,584.8 million

Actuarial Accrued Liability

$25,505.6 million

UAAL

$14,920.8 million

Funded Ratio (based on the actuarial value of the assets)

41.5%

Funded Ratio (based on the market value of assets)

41.1%

The November 2014 actuarial valuation was based upon the following assumptions among others:  

8.00% investment return assumption (including inflation at 3.75%)

Projected salary increases of 4.0% to 20.0% (including inflation at 3.75%)

Cost-of-living adjustments of 2.3% to 3.6%

Social security wage base of 3.5%

Payroll growth of 3.75%

The actuarial value of assets recognizes 20% of the difference between the market value of assets and the expected actuarial value of assets.  

Benefits for members retiring from service on or after the Longley v. State Employees Retirement Commission decision were assumed to increase by 0.084% as a result of the revised treatment of longevity pay.  Retroactive application of Longley was reflected in the valuation to the extent impacted retiree benefits were recalculated.  

Remaining amortization period of UAAL of 17 years.

The November 2014 actuarial valuation determined the following employer contribution requirements, based on a projected unit credit actuarial cost method and level percentage-of-payroll contributions, which contributions are: (i) $1,514.5 million for fiscal year 2015-16, resulting in an annual employer contribution rate of 43.42% of payroll and (ii) $1,569.1 million for fiscal year 2016-17, resulting in an annual employer contribution rate of 43.69%. While it was anticipated that the adopted budget for fiscal years 2015-16 and 2016-17 contained appropriations sufficient, together with anticipated grant reimbursement from Federal and other funds to fully fund the employer contribution requirement, a preliminary analysis of fiscal year 2015-16 year-end results shows that the State will contribute approximately 99.2 percent of the employer contribution requirement for the State Employees’ Retirement Fund.  Federal and other fund recoveries were approximately $12.6 million less than the budgeted target for such amounts.  These are preliminary unaudited results which may result in changes in the final result.  



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The State Employees Retirement Commission received a “roll forward” actuarial valuation report prepared as of June 30, 2015 and dated October 12, 2015.  This roll forward valuation is an informational update to the actuaries’ projected required employer contribution amount, based on the actual experience of the investment return for the June 30, 2015 plan year and roll forward techniques, and offers a best estimate as to what payroll and liabilities were as of June 30, 2015.  The actuaries did not perform a reconciliation of census data or development of liabilities as of June 30, 2015 in this roll forward valuation.  In addition, there was no change in the actuarial assumptions.  The roll forward actuarial valuation reflected actual investment returns for fiscal year 2014-15 of 2.76%, lower than the assumed rate of 8.0%.  As a result, it reported the following results as of June 30, 2015 with respect to the State Employees’ Retirement Fund:  

Market Value of Assets

$10,668.4 million

Actuarial Value of Assets

$11,375.8 million

Actuarial Accrued Liability

$26,255.5 million

UAAL

$14,879.7 million

Funded Ratio (based on the actuarial value of the assets)

43.3%

Funded Ratio (based on the market value of assets)

40.6%

The actuaries do not recommend that the results of a roll forward valuation be used as the basis for adjusting the scheduled contribution requirements but rather as information as to the expected condition of the Fund as of the end of the interim year.  Using the roll forward valuation results, the actuaries determined that the employer contribution requirement for fiscal year 2016-17, based on a projected unit credit actuarial cost method and level percentage-of-payroll contributions, would be $1,573.3 million, an increase of $4.2 million from the amount calculated in the full November 2014 actuarial valuation and used in the adopted biennium budget for fiscal years 2015-16 and 2016-17.  This would have increased the fiscal year 2016-17 percentage-of-payroll contribution rate from 43.69% to 43.80%.

As of June 30, 2016, the market value of the State Employees’ Retirement Fund’s investment assets was $10,586.9 million, including cash in custody and certain receivables, as compared to $10,668.4 million as of June 30, 2015.  The market value of the fund’s investment assets is continually subject to change based on a variety of factors, including changes in the financial and credit markets and general economic conditions.

The State Employees Retirement Commission received an actuarial valuation dated January 20, 2016 , prepared as of June 30, 2015 , containing supplemental information to assist the Commission in meeting the requirements of GASB 67.  GASB 67 requires a determination of the Total Pension Liability (“TPL”) for a plan using the Entry Age Normal actuarial funding method.  The Net Pension Liability (“NPL”) is then set equal to the TPL minus the plan’s Fiduciary Net Position (“FNP”) which, generally, is the market value of assets in the plan as of the measurement date.  Among the assumptions needed for the liability calculation is a Single Equivalent Interest Rate (“SEIR”).  The valuation for the State Employees’ Retirement Fund as of June 30, 2015 used its long term investment rate of 8.00% as the SEIR since the results currently indicate that the FNP will not be depleted at any point in the future.  This January 20, 2016 supplement reported the following results as of June 30, 2015 with respect to the State Employees’ Retirement Fund in accordance with GASB 67:                                         

Total Pension Liability

$ 27,192.5 million

Fiduciary Net Position

$10, 668.4 million

Net Pension Liability

$16, 524.1 million

Ratio of Fiduciary Net Position to Total Pension Liability

39. 23 %

GASB 67 also requires sensitivity calculations based on a SEIR 1% in excess and 1% less than the SEIR used, which would decrease the NPL to $13, 885.6 million or increase the NPL to $19, 655 .9 million, respectively.  

Teachers’ Retirement Fund:  The Teachers’ Retirement Fund, administered by the Teachers’ Retirement Board, provides benefits for any teacher, principal, supervisor, superintendent or other eligible employee in the public school systems of the State, with certain exceptions.  While setting and paying salaries for teachers, municipalities do not provide contributions to the maintenance of the fund.  As of June 30, 2015 , there were (i) 106,717 active and former employees, consisting of 53,528 active members, 2,010 inactive vested members and 15,138 inactive non-vested members, (ii) 35,745 retired members and



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beneficiaries, (iii) 296 members on disability allowance , and (iv) 1,782 annuity reserve members .   Contributions to the fund are made by employees and by General Fund appropriations from the State.  State contributions to the fund are made quarterly on the basis of certifications submitted by the Teachers’ Retirement Board and are funded with annual appropriations from the General Fund. State contributions to the Fund for fiscal year 2007-08 included $2.0 billion of the proceeds of the State’s Taxable General Obligation Bonds (Teachers’ Retirement Fund 2008 Series).                                                        

The Teachers’ Retirement Board received an actuarial valuation as of June 30, 2014, dated October 29, 2014.  The October 2014 actuarial valuation reported the following results as of June 30, 2014 with respect to the Teachers’ Retirement Fund:

Market Value of Assets

$16,220.9 million

Actuarial Value of Assets

$15,546.6 million

Actuarial Accrued Liability

$26,349.2 million

UAAL

$10,802.7 million

Funded Ratio (based on the actuarial value of the assets)

59.00%

Funded Ratio (based on the market value of assets)

61.56%

The October 2014 actuarial valuation was based upon the following assumptions among others:

8.5% earnings assumption

Projected salary increases of 3.75% to 7.0%

Cost-of-living adjustments of 3.0% annually for members retired before September 1992 and 2.0% for members retired on and after September 1, 1992

Payroll Growth Rate of 3.75%

Net effective amortization period for the computed State contribution amounts for Fiscal year 2014 is 20.4 years

As of June 30, 2016, the market value of the Teachers’ Retirement Fund’s investment assets was $ 15,515.7 million , as compared to $16,110.4 million as of June 30, 2015 .  The market value of the fund’s investment assets is continually subject to change based on a variety of factors, including changes in the financial and credit markets and general economic conditions.  

The October 2014 actuarial valuation determined the following employer contribution requirements, based on an individual entry-age actuarial cost method and level percent-of-payroll contributions, which contributions are sufficient to meet GASB standards: (i) $975.6 million for fiscal year 2015-16; and (ii) $1,012.2 million for fiscal year 2016-17, resulting in an annual employer contribution rate of 23.65% of payroll.   The adopted biennium budget for fiscal year 2015-16 to 2016-17contains appropriations sufficient to fully fund such employer contribution requirement.  



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The Teachers’ Retirement Board received an experience study dated October 29, 2015 prepared by the actuaries for the Teachers’ Retirement Fund, for the five-year period ending June 30, 2015, assessing the reasonability of the actuarial assumptions and valuation methods used by the retirement system.  As a result of the study, the actuaries recommended that the following revised assumptions be adopted by the Teachers’ Retirement Board for future use, which assumptions the Board adopted at its meeting held November 4, 2015. 

Decrease in rate of inflation from 3.0% to 2.75%

Decrease in the investment rate of return from 8.5% to 8.0%

Decrease in the payroll growth rate from 3.75% to 3.25%

Various changes to rates of salary increase including a decrease in the annual rate of real wage increase from 0.75% to 0.5%

Various changes to demographic assumptions

The revised assumptions would be incorporated into the actuarial valuation to be completed as of June 30, 2016, to be used to calculate the State’s employer contribution requirements for the fiscal years 2017-18 and 2018-19.  The State’s employer contribution requirements for fiscal years 2015-16 and 2016-17 will not change.

The actuaries’ analysis of the impact of the recommended changes if applied to the results of the November 2014 actuarial valuation as of June 30, 2014, would result in the following:

an increase of $189.2 million in the fiscal year 2015-16 employer contribution requirement

an increase of $1,867.3 million in the UAAL

an increase in the normal cost rate from 9.73% to 10.48%

a decrease in the funded ratio from 59.0% to 55.1%

The October 2014 actuarial valuation prepared as of June 30, 2014 contains supplemental information dated October 27, 2014 to assist the Teachers’ Retirement Board in meeting the requirements of GASB 67.  The valuation for the Teachers’ Retirement Fund as of June 30, 2014 used its long term investment rate of 8.5% as the SEIR since the results currently indicate that the FNP will not be depleted at any point in the future.  The October 2014 actuarial valuation reported the following results as of June 30, 2014 with respect to the Teachers’ Retirement Fund in accordance with GASB 67:

Total Pension Liability

$26,349.2 million

Fiduciary Net Position

$16,220.9 million

Net Pension Liability

$10,128.3 million

Ratio of Fiduciary Net Position to Total Pension Liability

61.56%

GASB 67 also requires sensitivity calculations based on a SEIR 1% in excess and 1% less than the SEIR used, which would decrease the NPL to $7,747.8 million or increase the NPL to $12,928.8 million, respectively.  



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Investment of Pension Funds .  

Investment Returns

Annualized Net Returns on Investment Assets in
Retirement Funds
Periods Ending June 30, 2016

 

5 Year

10 Year

15 Year

20 Year

25 Year

State Employees’

5.74%

5.14%

5.43%

6.78%

7.47%

Teachers’

5.71%

5.25%

5.54%

6.90%

7.56%

Social Security:  State employees and teachers are treated in various ways for purposes of federal social security.  Most state employees are covered under social security, and most teachers are not.  As of June 30, 2015 , approximately 58,445 State employees were entitled to Social Security coverage.  The amount expended by the State for Social Security coverage for fiscal year ending 2014-15 was $ 318.2 million. Of this amount, $ 226.0 million was paid from the General Fund and $ 15.6 million was paid from the Special Transportation Fund and the balance was recovered from other funds, including federal funds and higher education funds.  The State has appropriated $ 256.7 million for Social Security coverage for fiscal year 2015-16 . Of this amount, $ 239.0 million has been appropriated from the General Fund and $ 17.7 million has been appropriated from the Special Transportation Fund.

Other Post-Employment Benefits – State Employees:  The State provides post-retirement health care and life insurance benefits to all employees who retire from State employment. The State currently finances the cost of such benefits on a pay-as-you-go basis through a transfer of an appropriation from the General Fund to a trust fund for the payment of post-retirement health care and life insurance benefits, and the accumulation of assets with which to pay post-retirement health care benefits and post-retirement life insurance benefits in future years.  All employees hired on or after July 1, 2009 are  required to contribute 3% of salary for ten years , to be deposited into the trust.  Commencing July 1, 2010, employees with less than five years of service will be required to contribute 3% of salary for ten years , to be deposited into the trust.  SEBAC 2011 extended the requirement of trust contributions to all other State employees to be phased in beginning July 1, 2013, as follows: 0.5% of salary for fiscal year 2012-13, 2.0% of salary for fiscal year 2013-14, and 3.0% of salary for fiscal 2014-15 and thereafter, with a period of required contribution of ten years or to the beginning of retirement (whichever occurs first).  As of June 30, 2015 , the fair market value of the net assets within the trust totaled $ 260.3 million.  It is not currently anticipated that the trust will provide any significant contribution to the funding for post-retirement health care and life insurance benefits in the near future.  The State will need to make significant General Fund appropriations for post-retirement health care and life insurance benefits in upcoming fiscal years.   Because the plan is being funded on a pay-as-you-go basis, the amounts are much less than the annual required employer contribution payment calculated for the plan, which includes a component to amortize the UAAL.  



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Implementation of GASB Statement No. 45 regarding accounting and financial reporting for post-employment benefits other than pensions requires the State to obtain an analysis of the unfunded actuarial accrued liability of such post-retirement health care and life insurance benefits and to recognize the annual required contribution to fund that actuarial liability in its financial statements commencing with those for fiscal year 2008-09.  The State received an actuarial report dated August 24, 2016 (“2016 OPEB Report”) with respect to the State’s liability for post-retirement health care benefits (which include medical, prescription drug, dental and life insurance benefits) for eligible persons covered under SERS and other State retirement systems, excluding the Teachers’ Retirement System from The Segal Company which indicated the following as of June 30, 2015 :  

Actuarial Accrued Liability

$19, 119.6 million

 

UAAL

$ 18,889.9 million

 

Actuarial Value of Assets

$ 229.6 million

Based on Market Value at June 30, 2015 .

Funded Ratio

    1.20 %

 

Annual Required Contribution

$1, 443.7 million (Fiscal Year 2016 ) (comprised of normal cost of $ 364.4 million, amortization of UAAL of $ 1,036.8 million, and adjustment for timing of $ 42.5 million)


Based on a projected unit credit actuarial cost method and level percent-of-payroll amortization over 30 years (with 22 years remaining as of June 30, 2015 ).

Annual OPEB Cost

$1, 435.6 million (Fiscal Year 2016 )

The annual OPEB cost adjusts the annual required contribution and contribution in relation to the annual required contribution. The annual OPEB cost is the cost of OPEB actually booked as an expense for the fiscal year.

In fiscal year 2014-15 , the State contributed 36.10 % of the Annual Required Contribution and 35.43 % of the Annual OPEB Cost.  

The 2016 OPEB Report includes the following assumptions, among others:


For A discount rate of 5.7%

Payroll growth rate of 3.75%

Medical cost trend rate of 5.0%

Drug cost trend rate of 10.0% graded to 5.0% over 5 years

Dental and part B trend rates of 5.0%

Projected salary increases of 3.25% to 20.0%

Updated medical, prescription drug and dental claim costs for recent experience and adjusting trend rates for medical and prescription drug



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Explicit administrative expense of $250 per participant through June 30, 2018 and increasing at 3% per year thereafter

Average contribution of $174 was used for plans requiring contributions in the valuation year.  An average contribution of $356 was used in the valuation year for dental benefits.  Average premium used to calculate the early retirement premiums was updated to $14,271

Adjustment of the retiree contribution increase

Adjustment of the assumption for Medicare Part B

Includes certain plan changes made pursuant to revised agreements with SEBAC

For fiscal years ending June 30, 2010 through 2015 , the State paid $ 527.9 million, $527.9 million, $490.9 million, $549.1 million , $587.4 million, $548.7 million and $598.6 million, respectively, for retirees’ health care costs.  While not a part of post-employment costs, for Fiscal Years 2010 through 2014 , the State paid $ 493.4 million, $ 490 .6 million, $ 518.4 million, $559.8 million, $614.3 million and $ 635.1 million, respectively, for General Fund eligible employees’ health care costs.   For fiscal year ending June 30, 2016, the projected General Fund expenditures on retirees’ health care costs and on General Fund eligible employees’ health care costs were $658.6 million and $676.5 million, respectively.  For fiscal year ending June 30, 2015, General Fund expenditures on life insurance benefits were $7.6 million, and the projected General Fund expenditures for fiscal year ending June 30, 2016 on life insurance benefits was $7.8 million.     

The State received a report dated June 8, 2015 presenting the information necessary to comply with GASB Statements Number 43 and 45 as of June 30, 2015 (“2015 OPEB GASB Report”) with respect to the State’s liability for post-retirement health care benefits (which include medical, prescription drug, dental and life insurance benefits) for eligible persons covered under the State Employees’ Retirement System and other State retirement systems, excluding the Teachers’ Retirement System.  The actuarial calculations presented in the 2015 OPEB GASB Report were prepared in accordance with generally accepted actuarial principles and practices for the internal use of the State.  The 2015 OPEB GASB Report indicated for fiscal year 2014-15 an Annual Required Contribution of $1,513.3 million and an Annual OPEB Cost of $1,541.7 million. Because the plan is funded on a pay-as-you-go basis, the State contributed approximately $538.3 million for retiree health insurance in fiscal year 2014-15.  

The 2015 OPEB GASB Report applied the assumptions included in the 2014 OPEB Report, except for the following:

Adjustments to the per-capita costs reflecting more favorable than expected experience for the medical and prescription drug plans included in the OPEB plan, less than anticipated increases in the Medicare Part B premiums and changes to retiree contributions.

Update of the average premium used to calculate the early retirement premiums from $10,797 to $11,157

Application of the updated assumptions to the calculation of the Annual Required Contribution for the fiscal year 2013-14 and applying an estimated 4.00% annual growth factor to calculate the Annual Required Contribution for the fiscal year 2014-15.  With the updated assumptions, the Annual Required Contribution for fiscal year 2013-14 would have been $1,455.1 million, a decrease of 0.8% from the Annual Required Contribution amount presented in the 2014 OPEB Report for such fiscal year.  

Other Post-Employment Benefits – Teachers:  The State is required to:  (i) make General Fund appropriations to the Teachers’ Retirement Board to cover one-third of retiree health insurance costs plus any portion of the balance of such costs that is not funded from the amounts available in the Teachers’ Retirement Health Insurance Fund; (ii) subsidize the health insurance costs of retired teachers who are not members of the Teachers’ Retirement Board’s health benefit plan; and (iii) provide an additional health insurance subsidy of at least $110 per month on behalf of retired teachers who are ineligible to participate in Medicare Part A “premium free” and who pay at least $220 per month to participate in the local board of education retiree health benefit plans. No General Fund appropriations to the Teachers’ Retirement Fund to cover retiree health insurance costs were made for fiscal years 2009-10 and 2010-11.  The State made General Fund appropriations of $32.3 million, $34.4 million , $22.4 million , $20.2 million and $19.9 million for fiscal years 2011-12, 2012-13 , 2013-14, 2014-15 and 2015-16 respectively, to subsidize the Teachers’ Retirement Health Insurance Fund.  The Governor’s midterm budget adjustments for fiscal year 2012-13, reduced the State’s appropriation from 33% to 25% ($22.3 million) of the Medicare supplemental health insurance program, and utilized retiree drug subsidies which would have otherwise already been available to the Teachers’ Retirement



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Health Insurance Fund, to offset, in part, the State’s share of retiree health costs.   As of fiscal year 2014-15 the retiree drug subsidies have expired.   Fund assets do not constitute plan assets for purposes of GASB Statements Nos. 43 and 45, and for actuarial valuation purposes fund assets are not treated as valuation assets available to offset the accrued liability of the plan.  Since July 1, 1994, retiree health benefits sponsored through the Teachers’ Retirement Board have been self-insured.  The Teachers’ Retirement Board received an actuarial valuation as of June 30, 2014, dated October 21, 2014, of the State’s liability with respect to post-retirement health care benefits for members of the Teachers’ Retirement Fund and for retired teachers who are not members of the Teachers’ Retirement Board’s health benefit plan.  The report indicates an actuarial accrued liability as of June 30, 2014 of $2,433.0 million on an unfunded basis, based upon certain stated assumptions including a 4.5% earnings assumption and a 30 year amortization period and no valuation assets available to offset the liabilities of the plan.  Against these liabilities, as of June 30, 2014 the plan had no present assets for valuation purposes.  The actuarial valuation determined a $125.6 million employer contribution requirement for fiscal year 2014-15 and $130.3 million for fiscal year 2015-16, based on an individual entry-age actuarial cost method and level percent-of-payroll contributions and applying a 4.5% discount rate resulting in an annual employer contribution of 3.16% of payroll.    

Litigation:  The State, its officers, and its employees are defendants in numerous legal proceedings.  Although it is not possible to determine the outcome of these legal proceedings, the State’s Attorney General has opined that an adverse judgment in any of the following cases might have a fiscal impact on the State of $50 million or more:  (i) Sheff v. O’Neill:  a suit claiming that the State is in breach of a judicially and legislatively approved settlement to develop appropriate measures to remedy the racial and ethnic segregation in the Hartford public schools, in connection with which the State and the plaintiffs have negotiated a stipulation that would govern the parties’ obligations through June 2017 , and which includes a commitment to mediation (which is on-going) which may provide an opportunity to a long - term resolution of this matter ; (ii) State Employees Bargaining Agent Coalition v. Rowland:  a purported class-action on behalf of laid-off State employees alleging that they were laid off in violation of their constitutional rights and of state law, and claiming back wages, damages, attorneys’ fees, and costs, in connection with which the court has granted final approval of a settlement between the parties, the overall value of which settlement is estimated at $100.0 to $125.0 million (which settlement would also resolve the related cases of Conboy v. State of Connecticut and Parzio v. State of Connecticut); (iii ) Connecticut Coalition for Justice in Education Funding et al. v. Rell, et al.:  a purported class-action on behalf of similarly situated students in selected school districts claiming that the students' State constitutional rights to a free public education, equality of rights and equal protection of the laws are being violated by the alleged inequitable and inadequate financing of their schools by the State, and in particular, that the State's primary statutory mechanism for the distribution of State aid for public schools currently fails to ensure both substantially equal educational opportunities and a suitable education for some students, as purportedly reflected by both the educational challenges they face and their poor performance on state standardized measures, and seeking , in part, a declaratory judgment, an injunction against the operation of the current system, and an order that a new system be devised, in which the court issued a decision (which has been appealed) in part for the plaintiffs and in part for the defendants by ruling that the overall amount spent by the State on education was more than the amount constitutionally required, and that the court could not dictate the amount of education spending; however, that the State must propose a plan to distribute its education funding tin the future according to a more rational and consistent system; (iv ) Indian Tribes:  possible litigation involving claims by Indian tribes and alleged Indian tribes to state land or sovereignty over portions of the State’s land area; (v ) Bouchard v. State Employees Retirement Commission:  a State court proceeding representing an administrative appeal by State employees who retired prior to October 2, 2001, seeking a recalculation of current pension benefits, an award of past underpayment of benefits and attorney’s fees, based on the 2007 case of Longley v. State Employees Retirement Commission and its progeny which required the Commission to include a retirees’ final prorated longevity payment in their final year salary for the purpose of calculating retirement benefits, which requirement the Commission has interpreted as applying only to State employees who retired on or after October 2, 2001 ; (vi) Martinez v. Malloy:  a federal district court suit in which several students, parents and guardians from the Hartford and Bridgeport school districts brought suit alleging that they are not receiving a minimally adequate educate in the public schools they attend, in violation of the Due Process Clause and Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution because of limits placed on the number of students who may attend charter and magnet schools or who may participate in the Open Choice program which permits certain urban students to attend school in nearby suburban towns and are seeking to enjoin the enforcement of the statutes imposing such limits; and (vii) D.J. v. Conn. State Board of Ed:  a federal district court brought by special education student and a purported class of similarly situated students alleging that a state law terminating the obligation of local school districts to provide special education at the end of the school year in which a special education student turns 21 violates the Individuals with Disabilities in Education Act and are seeking a declaration to such effect as well as compensatory education for the class which could result in requiring the state to provide a one-year extension of the current duration of services.  

Population and Economy:  Connecticut is a highly developed and urbanized state, with a 2015 population density of 741 persons per square mile, as compared to 91 for the United States as a whole.  Of the eight counties in the State, 75% of the population resides within Hartford, Fairfield and New Haven counties.  More than one-quarter of the total population of the United States and more than 50% of the Canadian population live within 500 miles of the State.  The State’s population growth trailed the national average during the past four decades, but from 2006 to 2015 , within New England, only Massachusetts experienced growth higher than Connecticut.  The State has extensive transportation and utility services to



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support its economy.  Connecticut’s economic performance may be measured by personal income, which historically has been among the highest in the nation on a per capita basis, and gross state product (the market value of all final goods and services produced by labor and property located within the State).  For 2014 , the State’s average per capita income was 141 % of the average per capita income for the United States as a whole.   With the exception of 2009 and 2013 , per capita personal income of the State’s residents increased in every year from 2005 to 2014 , rising from $ 49,463 to $ 64,862 .  The gross state product had positive growth and surpassed the New England region and national growth rates for the period from 2005 to 2007, except for 2005 when it lagged the national growth rate.  The gross state product had negative growth in the period from 2008 to 2009, and positive growth in the period from 2010 to 2014 .  The gross state product lagged the New England region and national growth rates for the period from 2008 to 2014 .  

Connecticut’s non-agricultural employment reached a high in March 2008 with 1,713,000 persons employed, but began declining with the onset of the recession and falling to 1, 593 ,900 jobs by February 2010, and rising to 1, 699 ,700 by November 2015 .  

Throughout the last five decades , while manufacturing employment in Connecticut has been steadily declining, employment in the services industries surged.  In calendar year 2014, approximately 90 .4% of the State’s workforce was employed in non-manufacturing jobs, up from roughly 50% in the early 1950s.  From 2005 to 2014 , Connecticut had a total gain of 3,300 jobs in non-agricultural employment. During this period total non-manufacturing jobs increased by 38,600 , while manufacturing jobs declined by 35,200 .  The non-manufacturing sector is comprised of industries that primarily provide services.  Services, retail and wholesale trade, state and local government, as well as finance, insurance, and real estate (“FIRE”), collectively comprise approximately 93 % of the State’s employment in the non-manufacturing sector.

The manufacturing industry, despite its continuing downward employment trend over the past five decades, has traditionally served as an economic base industry and has been of prime economic importance to Connecticut.  The transformation in the State’s manufacturing base confirms that the State’s employment share in the manufacturing sector is converging to the national average.   In calendar year 2014 approximately 9. 6 % of the State’s workforce, versus 8.8% of the nation, was employed in the manufacturing sector, down from roughly 50% in the early 1950s.  The State’s manufacturing sector is diversified, with the construction of transportation equipment (primarily aircraft engines and submarines) being the dominant industry, followed by fabricated metals, machinery, and computers and electronics for the total number employed in 2014. The State is also a leading producer of military and civilian helicopters .  Approximately one quarter of the State’s manufacturing employees are employed in defense related business.  Nonetheless, this sector’s significance in the State’s economy has declined considerably since the early 1980s.  Connecticut had witnessed a marked reduction in the amount of federal spending earmarked for defense related industries in the State; however, these amounts have been climbing most years since federal fiscal year 2001-02.   

The unemployment rate in the State reached its low of 2. 4 % in 2000, compared to the national average of 4.0%.  After climbing to 5. 4 % in 2003, Connecticut’s unemployment rate declined to 4. 3 % by 2006, but climbed during the most recent recession to 9. 1 % in 2010.  During the subsequent weak economic recovery, Connecticut’s average unemployment rate fell to 5 .6% for 2015 , compared to the national average of 5.3 % for the same period. On a preliminary basis , Connecticut’s unemployment rate was estimated at 5.6% for August 2016 compared to the national average of 4.9 % for the same period.  

Municipal Bonds:  General obligation bonds issued by municipalities are payable primarily from ad valorem taxes on property located in the municipality.  A municipality’s property tax base is subject to many factors outside the control of the municipality, including the decline in Connecticut’s manufacturing industry.  Certain Connecticut municipalities have experienced severe fiscal difficulties and have reported operating and accumulated deficits.  The most notable of these is the City of Bridgeport, which filed a bankruptcy petition on June 7, 1991.  The State opposed the petition.  The United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Connecticut held that Bridgeport had authority to file such a petition but that its petition should be dismissed on the grounds that Bridgeport was not insolvent when the petition was filed.  State legislation enacted in 1993 prohibits municipal bankruptcy filings without the prior written consent of the Governor.

In addition to general obligation bonds backed by the full faith and credit of the municipality, certain municipal authorities finance projects by issuing bonds that are not considered to be debts of the municipality.  Such bonds may be repaid only from revenues of the financed project, the revenues from which may be insufficient to service the related debt obligations.

Other Factors:  Regional economic difficulties, reductions in revenues, and increases in expenses could lead to further fiscal problems for the State, its political subdivisions, and its or their authorities and agencies.  Such problems could result in declines, possibly severe, in the value of their outstanding obligations, increases in their future borrowing costs, and impairment of their ability to pay debt service on their obligations.  



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Minnesota.  Minnesota’s (referred to herein as the “state” or “Minnesota”) constitutionally prescribed fiscal period is a biennium, and Minnesota operates on a biennial budget basis. Legislative appropriations for each biennium are prepared and adopted during the final legislative session of the immediately preceding biennium.  Legislation has established a cash flow account and a budget reserve account within the state’s General Fund.  The cash flow account was established to provide sufficient cash balances to cover monthly revenue and expenditure imbalances, and the budget reserve account was established to be available to offset budget shortfalls during economic downturns.  Prior to each fiscal year of a biennium, Minnesota’s Department of Management and Budget allots a portion of the applicable biennial appropriation to each agency or other entity for which an appropriation has been made.  An agency or other entity may not expend moneys in excess of its allotment, and Minnesota’s Constitution prohibits borrowing for operating purposes beyond the end of a biennium, but Minnesota’s Commissioner of Management and Budget (previously known as the Commissioner of Finance), with the consent of the Governor and after consultation with the Legislative Advisory Commission, has statutory authority in the event of a projected deficit for the then current biennium to release funds from the budget reserve account and, if a balanced budget had been enacted and there are insufficient funds in the reserve account to reduce (“unallot”) unexpended allotments of prior transfers and appropriations.  The Governor may seek legislative action when a large reduction in expenditures appears necessary, and if Minnesota’s legislature is not in session the Governor is empowered to convene a special session.

Diversity and a significant natural resource base are two important characteristics of the Minnesota economy.  Historically, the structure of the state’s economy generally has paralleled the structure of the United States economy as a whole.  The state’s average annual unemployment rate has consistently been less than the national unemployment rate during recent years, except in 2007 when it was equal to the U.S. average.  For September 2016 , Minnesota’s unemployment rate (seasonally adjusted) was 4.0 percent, compared to a national rate of 5. 0 percent.  Since 1980, Minnesota per capita income generally has remained above the national average.  In 2015 , Minnesota per capita personal income was 106 percent of its U.S. counterpart.

The state relies heavily on a progressive individual income tax and a retail sales tax for revenue, which results in a fiscal system that is sensitive to economic conditions.  Capital gains tax realizations have become an increasingly important, but volatile, share of Minnesota’s income tax base.

The state has faced recurring budget deficit forecasts.  During the first half of 2003, the state addressed substantial projected budget deficits by substantially reducing projected spending, including aid to local government and higher education, transferring funds from other accounts, deferring certain expenditures and transfers, in some cases by borrowing funds, deferring certain sales tax refunds, and raising fees.  The state legislature adjourned its 2004 regular session without substantially reducing another projected deficit, but the Commissioner of Finance exercised his statutory powers to eliminate the projected deficit, primarily through reductions in spending.  The state again enacted legislation to eliminate a projected shortfall for the biennium ending June 30, 2007, largely relying on a new cigarette fee and a variety of tax increases.  A projected deficit for the biennium ending June 30, 2009 initially was addressed by legislation increasing revenues by $206 million, reducing overall spending by $125 million, transferring $110 million of funds from certain non-general funds, and reducing the budget reserve by $500 million to $153 million.  In December 2008, following a subsequent forecast of an additional General Fund deficit of $426 million at June 30, 2009, the Commissioner used his statutory authority to balance the budget by using the entire budget reserve account, reducing unexpended allocations, and utilizing transfers from other funds, in combination with spending reductions by cabinet agencies and a voluntary reduction in spending by the legislature.  The spending reductions included aid to local governments, state colleges and universities, and other programs.

Although the 2009 legislature enacted a number of revenue and appropriations measures, it adjourned on the constitutional deadline of May 18 without balancing the budget for the biennium ending June 30, 2011.  The end-of-session estimates projected a remaining deficit of $2.68 billion (with a $350 million cash flow account, but no budget reserve account) based on $33.79 billion of expenditures for the biennium.  Subsequent estimates reduced tax receipts for the 2009 fiscal year by $142 million, thus reducing the General Fund balance available from that year for the biennium.  Pursuant to his asserted statutory powers, the Commissioner eliminated the $2.68 billion end-of-session projected deficit in August 2009 through a combination of unallotments (expenditure reductions) affecting local governments, health and human services, higher education, and state agencies; deferrals of payments to local governments and school districts to the next biennium; and tax modifications, including delaying some tax refunds.  The resulting estimates of revenues and expenditures produced a projected budgetary balance for the biennium and a $350 million cash flow account, but no budget reserve, and $31.3 billion of expenditures.  The legality and constitutionality of the Commissioner’s unallotments, however, were challenged in court, and on May 5, 2010 the Minnesota Supreme Court decided in Brayton v. Pawlenty that the Commissioner did not have the statutory authority to unallot for a biennium in which a balanced budget had not already been enacted.

Before the Supreme Court’s decision, the Minnesota Department of Management and Budget February 2010 Forecast had projected a $994 million General Fund budgetary deficit for June 30, 2011 (without reduction by the $350 million cash flow account) with no budget reserve, based on $31.1 billion of projected expenditures.  The 2010 Minnesota legislature enacted a



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number of measures to address the forecasted shortfall, including ratification of most of the Commissioner’s unallotments, substantial transfers from other State funds, large deferrals of aid to school districts and of certain sales and corporate franchise tax refunds to the next biennium, reductions of aid to local government and higher education, reduction of the state’s cash flow account from $350 million to $266 million, and other spending reductions.  

The February 2011 Forecast projected a $5.0 billion shortfall for the biennium ending June 30, 2013, compared to forecast expenditures of $39.0 billion, after reserving a $9 million budget reserve and a $266 million cash flow account.  The 2010-11 biennium ended on June 30, 2011 without agreement between the legislature and the Governor on a budget for the 2012-13 biennium.  As a result, the state was largely precluded from spending funds that had not previously been appropriated, and much of state government closed on July 1, 2011.  A state court judge, however, ordered the continued expenditure of funds for a limited number of purposes, including certain “critical core functions of government,” such as public safety, immediate public health concerns, the protection of state property, and preservation of the essential elements of the state’s financial system, certain programs where funding is mandated by the U.S. Government, whether by contract or otherwise, and expenditures necessary to respond to an unforeseen emergency that would place the public or public property in immediate danger.  On July 20, 2011 the Governor signed legislation that had been approved during a special legislative session called for such purpose, and state employees returned to work the next day.  The enacted legislation reduced the projected deficit by large reductions in spending (particularly for health and human services, tax aids and credits, and higher education), delaying until the next biennium payments of $2.2 billion of state aid to public schools, authorizing borrowing against future tobacco settlement payments to produce net proceeds of $640 million, reducing the state’s cash flow account by $171 million to $95 million, and eliminating the state’s budget reserve.  The legislation was projected to produce a $15 million General Fund balance at June 30, 2013, plus the $95 million cash flow account, with total expenditures and transfers during the biennium of $34.3 billion.  

The Department’s November 2011 Forecast projected a budgetary balance of $876 million for June 30, 2013, but pursuant to statute the forecasted surplus was automatically used to increase the cash flow account to $350 million and to increase the budget reserve to $648 million.  The February 2012 Forecast projected an additional $323 million budgetary surplus for June 30, 2013, but pursuant to statute the forecasted surplus was automatically used to increase the budget reserve to $653 million and to increase current biennium school aid payments by $318 million, reversing a portion of previous aid payment deferrals.  Following completion of the 2012 legislative session, the Department adjusted the amounts from the February 2012 Forecast to reflect the legislation adopted.  Its August 28, 2012 Fund Balance Analysis projected a budgetary balance of zero at June 30, 2013, after reducing the $996.5 million balance before reserves by the $350 million cash flow account, a $612.2 million budget reserve, and a new $34.3 million stadium reserve, based on projected spending of $34.2 billion.  

The February 2013 forecast for the biennium ending June 30, 2013 projected a General Fund balance at June 30, 2013 of $295 million, after leaving the cash flow account at $350 million, reducing the stadium reserve by $15 million to $1 million, and implementing a mandated increase of the budget reserve to $656 million, but the $295 million balance was automatically allocated to reversing previous deferrals of school aid payments.  None of the provisions enacted by the 2013 legislature altered the projections for the biennium ending June 30, 2013.  However, the 2013 legislation did require the Department to estimate the June 30, 2013 closing balance by September 30, 2013, with any additional positive closing balance to automatically be used to further reverse previous deferrals of school aid payments.  Subsequently, the Department estimated that the General Fund balance for the biennium ending June 30, 2013 was $636 million greater than forecast in February 2013, and the November 2013 forecast projected a sufficient General Fund balance at June 30, 2015 to reverse all remaining deferrals of school aid payments.

The 2013 legislation also enacted substantial changes in revenue and expenditures for the biennium ending June 30, 2015 compared to the February 2013 forecast.  The enacted budget resolved the $627 million projected budget deficit, increased net General Fund revenues by $2.306 billion and appropriated an additional $1.606 billion for state and local programs to produce an estimated General Fund balance at the end of the biennium of $46 million, based on total projected expenditures of $38.35 billion.  The largest revenue increases resulted from the addition of a new personal income tax bracket for high income individuals, several changes to the corporate income tax, and a large increase in the tax on cigarettes and other tobacco products.  The enacted budget retained $350 million in the cash flow account and $656 million in the budget reserve, and increased the projected stadium reserve balance to $27.8 million.

Citing continuing growth in Minnesota employment and income and an improved U.S. economic outlook, the Department’s February 2014 forecast for the biennium ending June 30, 2015 projected a $1.233 billion General Fund balance at June 30, 2015, based on projected expenditures for the biennium of $39.019 billion, a budget reserve of $661 million, a $350 million cash flow account, and a $23 million stadium reserve.  Planning estimates for the biennium ending June 30, 2017 showed General Fund revenues of $43.284 billion and expenditures of $40.685 billion, but the impact of inflation is not reflected in expenditure projections.  Legislative budget actions during the 2014 session included net spending increases of $367 million, $199 million of increased spending on capital projects, tax law changes reducing receipts by a net of $483 million, and a $150 million increase to the State’s budget reserve, to $811 million.  As a result of these actions, the projected General Fund



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balance at June 30, 2015 was estimated at the end of the session to be $32 million.  These legislative changes also impacted the biennium ending June 30, 2017, leaving a projected General Fund balance of $548 million at June 30, 2017.

The Department’s February 2015 forecast also was positive, projecting a $476 million General Fund balance at June 30, 2015, plus a budget reserve of $994 million, a $350 million cash flow account, and a $30 million stadium reserve, and a $1.869 billion General Fund balance for the end of following biennium at June 30, 2017, with the budget reserve and cash flow account unchanged, but the stadium reserve reduced to $7 million.  The 2015 legislature enacted minor tax increases, some additional revenue increases, and an additional $705 million in appropriations.  The Department determined that the biennium ending June 30, 2015 had a $23 million General Fund balance, with a budget reserve of $994 million, a $350 million cash flow account, and a $30 million stadium reserve.  The Department’s end-of-session estimate for the end of the current biennium at June 30, 2017 projected a General Fund balance of $865 million, based on expenditures of $41.8 billion, plus a budget reserve of $994 million, a $350 million cash flow account, and a $7 million stadium reserve.  The Department’s planning estimates also projected a General Fund balance at June 30, 2019 of $2.170 billion, plus a budget reserve of $994 million and a $350 million cash flow account, but no stadium reserve.  

The Department’s February 2016 Budget & Economic Forecast projected a General Fund balance of $900 million at June 30, 2017, plus a budget reserve of $1.597 billion, a $350 million cash flow account, and a $21 million stadium reserve.  On June 24, 2016, following the conclusion of the 2016 legislative session, the Department revised the projected General Fund balance to $729 million at June 30, 2017, based on projected biennial spending of $41.8 billion, updating the February Forecast only to reflect legislative changes to revenues and expenditures, with no changes to the budget reserve, cash flow account, and stadium reserve numbers.  The budget reserve represents 3.8 percent of projected General Fund revenue for the biennium, less than the 4.8 percent target recommended by the Department.  In its October 10, 2016 Revenue and Economic Update, the Department stated that net General Fund receipts for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2016 exceeded the amount forecast in February by $220 million (less than 1.2%), but that net General Fund receipts for July through September 2016 were $97 million (2.1%) less than forecast, as adjusted for legislative changes.  The Department’s planning estimates for the biennium ending June 30, 2017 show a $1.776 billion General Fund balance, with with no changes to the budget reserve and cash flow account balances, but a $24 million stadium reserve.  The Department’s next official forecast is planned for early December 2016.

Forecasts and estimates do not include spending changes beyond those in current law and do not reflect changes made or to be made in the current legislative session.  While wage and price inflation is included in revenue projections and estimates, state law prohibits including a general inflation adjustment for projected expenditures, so there may be spending pressures beyond those reflected in the forecasts.  Current law projections are adjusted only to reflect enrollment and caseload growth in entitlement programs and areas where specific statutory formulae exist.  Inflation is estimated to add approximately $1. 751billion to spending estimates for the biennium ending June 30, 2019 , which, if realized, would eliminate all but $25 million of the projected General Fund Balance less reserves.  Minnesota’s Council of Economic Advisors has recommended that budget planning estimates for the next biennium include expected inflation in both the spending and revenue projections.

The state is a party to a variety of civil actions that could adversely and materially affect the state’s General Fund.  In addition, substantial portions of state and local revenues are derived from federal expenditures, and reductions in federal aid to the state and its political subdivisions and other federal spending cuts might have substantial adverse effects on the economic and fiscal condition of the state and its local governmental units.  Risks are inherent in making revenue and expenditure forecasts.  Economic or fiscal conditions less favorable than those reflected in state budget forecasts may create additional budgetary pressures.  Possible future changes in federal and state income tax laws, including rate reductions, could adversely affect the value and marketability of Minnesota tax-exempt obligations held by the Fund.

State grants and aids represent a large percentage of the total revenues of cities, towns, counties and school districts in Minnesota, so state budgetary difficulties might have substantial adverse effects on such local government units.  Generally, the state has no obligation to make payments on local obligations in the event of a default.  Accordingly, factors in addition to the state’s financial and economic condition will affect the creditworthiness of Minnesota tax-exempt obligations that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the state.  Even with respect to revenue obligations, no assurance can be given that economic or other fiscal difficulties and the resultant impact on state and local government finances will not adversely affect the ability of the respective obligors to make timely payment of the principal of and interest on Minnesota tax-exempt obligations that are held by the Minnesota Fund or the value or marketability of such obligations.

New Jersey. New Jersey (referred to herein as the “State” or “New Jersey”) benefits from a diverse economic base. Centrally located in the Northeast, New Jersey is near many major cities such as New York, Boston, Washington D.C., and Philadelphia.



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The State’s favorable location is bolstered by an extensive highway system, as well as air, land and water transportation systems and facilities. Various commercial and industrial businesses have headquarters or regional offices within New Jersey’s borders, including substantial construction, pharmaceutical, manufacturing, chemical, financial and service industries.

According to the latest data from the US Bureau of the Census on housing units authorized by building permits, New Jersey had a total of 18,052 housing units approved by building permits through August 2016 .  New Jersey had 2, 539 units approved for construction in August 2016 , which is 194 more permits than the 2, 345 issued in August 2015 which gain was the result of more authorizations of units in multi-family structures partially offset by fewer approvals of single-family houses .  According to the latest data from the US Bureau of the Census, the unemployment rate for August 2016 (seasonally adjusted) was 5. 3 %, which indicates a steadiness with no change ( 0. 0 percentage points ) from August 2015 , as New Jersey Employers added 2,200 nonfarm jobs in August and private sector employment expanded by 54,200 jobs since August 2015. Non-farm employment in August 2016 (seasonally adjusted) was 4, 080,800 , which is up 2.2 percentage points from the prior month, and up 52.2 percentage points from 2015 .

Personal income in New Jersey in the second quarter of 2016 accelerated to 1.0% from 0.3% in the first quarter of 2016 but a deceleration from 1.4% from the second quarter of 2015.  New Jersey’s growth in personal income places New Jersey in 25th position overall in the national ranking of the States Personal Income Growth and Ranks in the second quarter of 2016 , according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis.

For the year ended June 30, 2015 , New Jersey’s long-term debt obligations increased 6. 9% to $ 153.5 billion, which includes a net increase in bonded obligations of $ 1 .4 billion. During the fiscal year, the State issued $3. 4 billion in bonds. New money issuances represented $ 2 .6 billion primarily for transportation program improvements, while $ 0 .8 billion represented refunding transactions that provided the State with $ 8.6 million in net present value savings. During fiscal year 2015 , the State paid $3. 3 billion in debt service on its long-term obligations.

Non-bonded portions of the State’s governmental long-term obligations total $ 110.3 billion. This amount represents a $ 8 .5 billion increase from the prior fiscal year and is mainly attributable to increases in the Net Pension Liability resulting from the implementation of GASB Statement No. 68 as well as the State’s Net Other Postemployment Benefits (OPEB) Obligation.

The State Constitution has a balanced budget measure which provides that no money shall be drawn from the State Treasury but for appropriations made by law and that no law appropriating money for any State purpose shall be enacted if the appropriations contained therein, together with all prior appropriations made for the same fiscal period, shall exceed the total amount of revenue on hand and anticipated to be available to meet such appropriations during such fiscal period, as certified by the Governor.

In addition, the State Constitution has a debt limitation clause which provides that the State Legislature shall not, in any manner, create in any fiscal year a debt or liability of the State, which, together with any previous debts or liabilities, shall exceed at any time 1% of the total amount appropriated by the general appropriation law for such year, unless the same shall be authorized by a law for some single object or work distinctly specified therein.

The New Jersey Local Bond Law (N.J.S.A. Section 40A:2-1 et seq.) governs the issuance of bonds and notes by local units (including counties) for financing improvements. The statute provides that (i) the power and obligation of a local unit to pay any and all bonds and notes issued by it pursuant to the Local Bond Law shall be unlimited, (ii) the county or municipality shall levy ad valorem taxes upon all taxable property therein for the payment of the principal of and interest on such bonds and notes, without limitation as to rate or amount, (iii) no local unit shall authorize obligations for any improvement or purpose having a period of usefulness of less than five years, and (iv) after issuance, all obligations shall be conclusively presumed to be fully authorized and issued under all of the laws of the State, and any person shall be estopped from questioning their sale, execution or delivery by the local unit.

No bond ordinance will be finally adopted if it appears from the supplemental debt Statement required by the Local Bond Law that the percentage of net debt as Stated therein exceeds 2%, in the case of a county, or 31/2%, in the case of a municipality. The Local Bond Law sets forth certain exceptions to the foregoing debt limitation.

A local government may seek a waiver from the debt limitation for a bond ordinance authorizing obligations solely for the exceptions set forth in the Local Bond Law. The application must be submitted to the Local Finance Board within the established filing schedule on a form approved by such Board. Approval of bond and note financing in excess of the debt limit in certain instances require the applicant to justify and demonstrate the existence of extraordinary conditions.



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The Local Finance Board is a functional area within the Division of Local Government Services. It is statutorily responsible for promulgating rules and regulations on the fiscal obligations, fiscal reporting and overseeing the fiscal condition of all New Jersey municipalities, counties, local authorities and special districts.

Pennsylvania. The General Fund, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania’s (referred to herein as the “Commonwealth,” the “state” or “Pennsylvania”) largest operating fund, receives all tax revenues, non-tax revenues, and federal grants and entitlements that are not specified by law to be deposited elsewhere. The majority of the Commonwealth’s operating and administrative expenses are payable from the General Fund. Debt service on all bond indebtedness of the Commonwealth, except that issued for highway purposes or for the benefit of other special revenue funds, is payable from the General Fund. The General Fund closed fiscal year 2016 with a fund balance of $ 31 million.

2016 General Fund revenues increased $309.1 million or 1. 0 % during fiscal year 2016 when measured on a year-over-year basis as compared to fiscal year 2015 . General Fund revenues were above the certified estimate by $ 29.9 million or 0. 1 % during fiscal year 2016 . The enacted fiscal year 2017 budget provides appropriations and executive authorizations, net of lapses and other reductions, totaling $ 31,533.7 million of Commonwealth funds against estimated revenues, net of tax refunds and including public health and human services assessments of $ 31,535.7 million. The fiscal year 2016 ending unappropriated balance was $1.9 million; the required transfer of 25 percent of the unappropriated balance was suspended for the fiscal year.

The Commonwealth is permitted by its Constitution to incur the following types of debt: (i) debt to suppress insurrection or rehabilitate areas affected by disaster; (ii) electorate approved debt; (iii) debt for capital projects subject to an aggregate debt limit of 1.75 times the annual average tax revenues of the preceding five fiscal years; and (iv) tax anticipation notes payable in the fiscal year of issuance. All debt except tax anticipation notes must be amortized in substantial and regular amounts.

Debt service on Commonwealth general obligation debt is paid from appropriations out of the General Fund except for debt issued for highway purposes, which is paid from Motor License Fund appropriations. General obligation debt for non-highway purposes of $10, 772.8 million was outstanding on June 30, 2015 , a net increase of $ 114.6 million from June 30, 2014 . Over the ten-year period ended June 30, 2015 , total net outstanding general obligation debt for non-highway purposes increased at an annual rate of 5.0 %. Over the five-year period ending June 30, 2015 , total outstanding general obligation debt for non-highway purposes has increased at an annual rate of 2.7 %.

Certain state-created organizations have statutory authorization to issue debt for which state appropriations to pay debt service thereon are not required. The debt of these organizations is funded by assets of, or revenues derived from, the various projects financed and is not an obligation of the state. Some of these organizations, however, are indirectly dependent upon Commonwealth operating appropriations. These organizations and their outstanding debt as of June 30, 2016 include the Delaware River Joint Toll Bridge Commission ($ 314.1 million), the Delaware River Port Authority ($1, 511.6 million), the Pennsylvania Economic Development Financing Authority ($6, 234.6 million), the Pennsylvania Higher Education Assistance Agency ($ 5,728.0 million), the Pennsylvania Higher Education Facilities Authority ($ 5,998.2 million), the Pennsylvania Industrial Development Authority ($ 199.5million ), the Pennsylvania Infrastructure Investment Authority ($ 63.2 million), the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission ($ 11,411 .8 million) and the State Public School Building Authority ($3, 017.6 million).

The only obligations of state-created agencies in Pennsylvania that bear a moral obligation of the state are those issued by the Pennsylvania Housing Finance Agency, a state-created agency that provides financing for housing for lower and moderate income families in the Commonwealth, which had $ 2 ,774.6 million in bonds outstanding at June 30, 2016 .

The Commonwealth Financing Authority (“CFA”) was established in April 2004 with the enactment of legislation establishing the CFA as an independent authority and an instrumentality of the Commonwealth. The CFA is authorized to issue limited obligation revenue bonds and other types of limited obligation revenue financing for the purposes of promoting the health, safety, employment, business opportunities, economic activity and general welfare of the Commonwealth and its citizens through loans, grants, guarantees, leases, lines and letters of credit and other financing arrangements to benefit both for-profit and non-profit entities. The CFA’s bonds and financing are to be secured by revenues and accounts of the CFA, including funds appropriated to CFA from general revenues of the Commonwealth for repayment of CFA obligations. The obligations of the CFA do not constitute a debt or liability of the Commonwealth.

Since November 2005, the CFA has completed multiple bond issues to fund programs established by its original economic stimulus mission of 2004. As of June 30, 2016 , the CFA had $ 1, 571.2 million in outstanding bond debt. CFA debt service for fiscal year 2017 is estimated to be $ 95.614 million. In Act 85 of 2016, the General Assembly enacted a new Section 1753.1-E of its Fiscal Code that obligates the State Treasurer, in consultation with the Commonwealth’s Secretary of the Budget, to transfer the monies necessary for payment of CFA’s debt service each fiscal year , beginning July 1,



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2016, from sales tax receipts deposited in the General Fund to a restricted revenue account within the General Fund that may only be used to pay that debt service . Section 1753.1-E is a continuing appropriation of those monies from the State Treasury for payment of the CFA’s debt service each fiscal year .

As part of the enactment process for the fiscal year 2009 budget, the General Assembly enacted and on July 9, 2008, the Governor signed into law Act 63 of 2008 (“Act 63”) and Act 1 of Special Session 1 of 2008 (“Act 1”). Combined, these two acts provide the CFA with additional bond indebtedness authority of up to $1,300 million. Act 63 of 2008 provides the CFA with authority to issue up to $800 million in limited obligation revenue bonds in order to fund water or sewer projects, storm water projects, flood control projects and high hazard unsafe dam projects. Act 63 also provides for the use of Pennsylvania Gaming and Economic Development and Tourism Fund revenues to support debt service costs associated with the $800 million in additional CFA debt authority. Act 1 provides the CFA with authority to issue up to $500 million in limited obligation revenue bonds to fund the development of alternative sources of energy. As of February 29, 2016 , the CFA had issued $461.0 million in limited obligation revenue bonds authorized by Act 1. Further, the CFA has issued $757.0 million in limited obligation revenue bonds authorized by Act 63.

Pennsylvania is currently involved in certain litigation where adverse decisions could have an adverse impact on its ability to pay debt service. In 1978, the General Assembly approved a limited waiver of sovereign immunity with respect to lawsuits against the Commonwealth. Damages for any loss are limited to $250,000 for each person and $1,000,000 for each accident. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has held that this limitation is constitutional. This cap does not apply to tax appeals such as Nextel Communications as detailed below. Approximately 850 suits against the Commonwealth remain open. Tort claim payments for the departments and agencies, other than the Department of Transportation, are paid from departmental and agency operating and program appropriations. Tort claim payments for the Department of Transportation are paid from an appropriation from the Motor License Fund.

The Commonwealth also represents and indemnifies employees who have been sued under federal civil rights statutes for actions taken in good faith in carrying out their employment responsibilities. There are no caps on damages in civil rights actions. The Commonwealth’s self-insurance program covers damages in these cases up to $250,000 per incident. Damages in excess of $250,000 are paid from departmental and agency operating and program appropriations.

In John Doe v. Theodore Dallas, Sec. of Department of Human Services (E.D., PA), a Delaware County transgender man who was denied Medicaid coverage for a hysterectomy sued the state in federal court claiming the denial violates his civil rights. The lawsuit names Secretary Dallas, in his official capacity as Secretary of Department of Human Services (Department), as the sole defendant and asks for declaratory judgment and injunctive relief to end the state's Medicaid ban on covering treatment for gender dysphoria. The 30-year-old plaintiff is now seeking Medicaid coverage for a total hysterectomy his doctor prescribed as medically necessary to treat gender dysphoria. Keystone First Health Plan (one of the Department’s managed care organizations) denied the request, and an administrative law judge upheld the denial on appeal, citing the state regulatory ban. The Department’s Medical Assistance (MA) regulations forbid Medicaid fee-for-service payment for surgical procedures for gender change or reassignment. While Medicare historically has excluded gender reassignment, the federal Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) lifted that ban in May 2014, leaving decisions on transgender-related coverage to be made on a case-by-case basis. CMS has also issued proposed regulations that would prohibit state Medicaid programs from refusing to cover transgender-related services. Only a few states, including New York, Oregon, Maryland, Massachusetts and Vermont, and Washington, D.C., have explicitly approved Medicaid coverage for transgender-related medical treatment. The Department filed an Answer to the Complaint, asserting that current federal law does not require the Department to offer Medicaid coverage for the medical procedures. The lawsuit is expected to be decided as a matter of law, rather than upon any extensive record. In the event of an adverse ruling, the Department estimates that the annual cost for Medicaid coverage for the gender transition surgeries, including follow-up treatments ordinarily associated with these medical procedures, is approximately $25 million.

On March 10, 2016, the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit affirmed the Findings of the Secretary of the United States Department of Education (USDE) in Pennsylvania Department of Education v. Secretary, United States Department of Education , which found that the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) is liable to USDE in the amount of $7,186,222. PDE’s alleged liability stems from the USDE’s audit of the School District of Philadelphia (SDP) for fiscal year 2005-2006, which identified $138.8 million in adverse findings resulting from inadequate controls over federal expenditures. Of this total, $7.2 million remains at issue. PDE appealed the USDE’s audit findings to the USDE office of administrative law judge (ALJ), asserting (1) that the statute of limitations barred USDE from seeking $5.3 million in contract and personnel costs that were obligated more than five years before the issuance of the Program Determination Letter; and (2) that the doctrine of equitable offset permitted SDP to offset the remaining liability with proven costs related to other activities that would have been eligible costs under the federal programs during the audit year, but that were paid for with non-federal funds. The ALJ issued a decision sustaining the total remaining liability of $7,186,222 against PDE. PDE appealed this Decision to the U.S. Secretary of Education (Secretary) on March 31, 2014. On December 29, 2014, the Secretary affirmed that PDE remained liable for $7,186,222 and concluded that the underlying violations as described by the OIG’s Audit Report and the March 2011 PDL did



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not warrant an equitable remedy, noting that PDE had “failed to produce any evidence” in support of the disallowed expenditures. PDE subsequently appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit, which denied PDE’s petition for review and affirmed the Secretary’s Decision, thus affirming that PDE remains liable to USDE in the amount of $7,186,222. PDE is presently contemplating the filing of a Petition for Certiorari with the United States Supreme Court.

On July 29, 2014, in United States of America v. Com. of Pa., Civil Action (U.S.D.C., M.D. Pa.) , the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) filed a complaint alleging disparate impact discrimination against the Pennsylvania State Police (PSP), based on the female cadet hiring rates. This was based on an investigation undertaken by the DOJ from 2009-2014 and occurred after several months of mediation with DOJ on a possible settlement. DOJ attributes the alleged discrimination to the failure rate of female cadets on the Physical Readiness Test (PRT). In addition to injunctive relief regarding the administration of the test, DOJ seeks back pay with interest for women who failed the PRT, offers of employment, retroactive seniority and other monetary and nonmonetary benefits to women who suffered loses or will suffer losses in the future based on the alleged discriminatory practices. Enjoining the administration of the current PRT will require the development of a new test. Costs associated with an adverse result are difficult to assess but could range in the tens of millions depending upon the scope of any order issued by the Court and the number of women who may have to be compensated for lost salary, seniority and other benefits. The trial court denied PSP’s Motion to Dismiss. The motion to dismiss was based on the language of Title VII, which PSP alleged required specific intent of discrimination in disparate impact cases filed by the DOJ against states. Discovery is ongoing. Trial is scheduled for March 6, 2017.

On September 16, 2015 in Nextel Communications of the Mid-Atlantic, Inc. v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania held that the Pennsylvania net operating loss deduction (NOL Deduction), as applied to the facts of Nextel , violated the Uniformity Clause of the Pennsylvania Constitution, a decision that could negatively affect the Commonwealth’s tax revenues. Pennsylvania law allows corporate taxpayers to deduct losses incurred in prior tax years to reduce the taxable income in subsequent years, and this deduction is referred as the NOL Deduction. The NOL Deduction is, however, limited. For example, in the tax year at issue in Nextel , the amount of the NOL Deduction was limited to the greater of: (i) 12.5 percent of the taxpayer’s taxable income or (ii) $3 million. The NOL Deduction for the tax year at issue allows some taxpayers to reduce their taxable income to $0 and, as a result, pay no tax. The same provision also prevents other taxpayers from reducing their taxable income to $0 and, as a result, causes these affected taxpayers to pay at least some corporate net income tax. The Court held that a classification based solely on income amount cannot withstand scrutiny under the Uniformity Clause. The Court rejected the Commonwealth’s claim that the General Assembly had sound budgetary reasons for imposing the NOL Deduction limitations and that justification should satisfy the differences created by the NOL Deduction. Accordingly, the Court held $3 million fixed dollar cap, as-applied to this taxpayer, violated the Uniformity Clause. The Court declined to delete the entire NOL Deduction and thus disallow all NOL Deductions (both for this taxpayer and all other taxpayers for this year (2007) and all years thereafter). Instead, the Court stated the only practical solution was to require the taxpayer in this case to pay less. Thus, the Court essentially allowed the taxpayer to apply all of its NOL Deductions in the tax year at issue. Thus, after applying the taxpayer’s entire NOL, it has no tax liability and is entitled to a refund of the approximately $4 million it had previously paid. The potential ramifications of Nextel to the Commonwealth are unclear. The majority opinion attempts to limit the Court’s decision stating the “analysis and remedy is appropriately confined to the Commonwealth, Nextel, and the 2007 Tax Year. To the extent our decision in this as-applied challenge calls into question the validity of the [NOL Deduction] provision in any other or even every other context, the General Assembly should be guided accordingly.” Numerous other taxpayers have filed appeals raising this same issue. Given the present status of the litigation, the Commonwealth’s possible exposure ranges from approximately $4 million to an amount that could exceed $500 million. The Commonwealth has appealed the decision to the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. Regardless of the ultimate outcome, legislative amendment remains a possible remedy going forward.

Muscarella v. Commonwealth of PA  is a class action challenging the Department of Revenue’s application of the Senior Citizen’s Property Tax and Rent Rebate Assistance Act. The department interpreted the law to require a person to live into the next calendar year to be eligible for any rebate from the prior year. Liability against the department was previously established. A tentative settlement in the amount of $20 million was reached, and a fairness hearing on the proposed settlement was held on June 13, 2016. Following the fairness hearing, the Commonwealth Court entered an order confirming the $20 million transfer from the Lottery Fund be made. Claims may be submitted until February 2017. A portion of the $20 million has been set aside for attorneys’ fees.

In Mt. Airy #1, LLC v. Pennsylvania Department of Revenue and Chester Downs, LLC v. Pennsylvania Department of Revenue , two casinos are challenging the current tax framework on uniformity and equal protection grounds and seek decisions that would invalidate the tax. Under Pennsylvania law, every Casino outside of Philadelphia must pay $10 million, and if gross terminal revenues exceed $500 million, then such a casino is taxed at 2% of the gross terminal revenue. The casino may also seek repayment of taxes that have been paid. The case is currently before the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. If the Court strikes the entire tax, the estimated cost to the Commonwealth is $120 million per year in tax revenue. The matter was argued to the Supreme Court, and the Commonwealth is awaiting the Court’s decision, which will impact the entire casino industry in Pennsylvania. On June 27, 2016, Holdings Acquisition Co. LP (d/b/a Rivers Casino) filed suit challenging the local share tax



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provision of the gaming act. This is the same type of suit that was brought by Mt. Airy. Thus, if the Petitioners are successful, the same result could occur—the loss of hundreds of millions of dollars in tax revenue for the Commonwealth. The case is in the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court. The Commonwealth intends to seek a stay until Mt. Airy is decided.

Munchinski v. Warman, et al. is a case alleging due process violations by a now-deceased Pennsylvania State Police (PSP) officer. It arises from the alleged failure to disclose exculpatory evidence in a 1986 murder trial and at a Post-Conviction Relief Act proceeding. The former inmate was released after spending 20-plus years in state prison. Discovery ended in June 2016, and dispositive motions were due to be filed in July 2016. The  Commonwealth’s estimated exposure exceeds $2 million.

Walker v. Department of Corrections, et al. is a deliberate indifference claim against Department of Corrections nurses who allegedly failed to properly stabilize the neck of an inmate who had fallen from his bunk and who had suffered an apparent neck injury. The plaintiff is now a quadriplegic. Discovery is ongoing and dispositive motions are due to be filed in August 2016. The Commonwealth’s estimated exposure exceeds $5 million.

Williams, et al v. Richards, et al. is a collective action by Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) employees against officials at PennDOT for allegedly failing to pay overtime for time spent driving equipment to and from yards. Given the possible number of plaintiffs who could join this matter, the Commonwealth’s estimated exposure exceeds $1 million. The outcome of the case could change PennDOT’s practices regarding paying for such efforts in the future, which could result in additional on-going operating expenses exceeding $1 million. The case was filed in April 2016.

Garvin v. Department of Public Welfare is a case brought by an assisted living home owner who alleges that his license was improperly taken and, as a result, his business was forced to close. The Commonwealth’s estimated exposure exceeds $1 million.

Knight v. PSP involves the fatal shooting of a 50-year-old man by Pennsylvania State Police troopers. Given the nature of the litigation, the Commonwealth’s estimated exposure could exceed $1 million.

Barkus v. PSP involves the fatal shooting of a 25-year-old man by Pennsylvania State Police troopers. Given the nature of the litigation, the Commonwealth’s estimated exposure could exceed $1 million.

In Kedra v. Schroeter , the defendant (a Pennsylvania State Police officer) was conducting firearms training for the Pennsylvania State Police. During this training, he unintentionally discharged his weapon and the plaintiff (a 26-year-old trooper) was killed. The Court granted the Commonwealth’s motion to dismiss, and the plaintiff appealed to the Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit. The Commonwealth’s estimated exposure is between $2 million and $3 million.

The specific litigation matters described above are provided as an example only and do not comprise a complete listing of material ongoing or pending litigation involving the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, its agencies, subdivisions and instrumentalities.

U.S. TERRITORY MUNICIPAL OBLIGATIONS

PUERTO RICO, THE U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS AND GUAM

Puerto Rico.  The Commonwealth of Puerto Rico differs from the states in its relationship with the federal government.  Most federal taxes, except those such as social security taxes that are imposed by mutual consent, are not levied in Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico has a relatively diversified economy and according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the largest employment sectors are government, trade, transportation, utilities, education, and health services.  Puerto Rico, however, entered into a recession in the fourth quarter of 2006 and has experienced a continuous economic decline since. According to the most recent data available, the Government Development Bank Economic Activity Index reports a 20% cumulative economic decline from 2006 – June 2015 and projects a 1.7% annual economic contraction moving forward.  The United States Census Bureau reports median household income is just $18,660, or 37% of the $50,502 United States average, and 41% of Puerto Rico’s population lives below the poverty line.  These factors have contributed to Puerto Rico’s ten year population growth rate decline of 9.0 %, compared to US mainland growth of 7.5 %.  

Due to the ongoing financial difficulties faced by the island of Puerto Rico, Governor Garcia Padilla’s administration has implemented numerous initiatives, including major pension reform, and aggressive tax and rate increases. Nonetheless, the Commonwealth still finds itself unable to structurally balance its budget and fund essential services. In years past, the Commonwealth had to rely on deficit financing. In March of 2014, the Commonwealth successfully issued $3.5 billion in Commonwealth GO debt, which was forecasted to provide the general government with adequate liquidity into fiscal year 2016. However, larger than expected budget deficits in fiscal 2014 and 2015 has led to lower than expected liquidity.  The general



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fund has recorded operating deficits during fiscal years 2000- 2016 due to optimistic revenue projections and significant spending. As a result of Puerto Rico’s failure to regain structural balance, deficit financing, the mounting debt profile and now the lack of market access, Puerto Rico general obligation bonds were downgraded multiple notches and are now in default.

On May 7th, 2015 the Commonwealth released their Quarterly Report, in which they stated that without additional financing the “Commonwealth and the GDB may need to implement emergency measures, which could include a moratorium on the payment of debt service.” Additionally the Commonwealth and GDB commissioned an economic study by the Former IMF and World Bank official, Anne Krueger. The report, “Puerto Rico – A Way Forward,” outlined the perilous financial condition of the Commonwealth, and ultimately recommended significant restructuring of government operations and debt obligations. On August 1st, 2015 a Puerto Rico issuer defaulted, as the island did not pay its principal and interest on the Public Finance Corporation debt. In early September, a governor-appointed working group presented a draft fiscal adjustment plan to the Governor. This plan estimates that the Commonwealth is facing a $27.8 billion financing gap from fiscal year 2016 to 2020 without any corrective actions, and in a best base scenario, with significant corrective actions (revenue increases and expense cuts), the financing gap would still remain as large as $14 billion. Furthermore, the plan states that even after accounting for clawback revenue supporting Commonwealth tax supported debt, “available resources may be insufficient to service all principal and interest on debt that has a constitutional priority.”

Subsequently on December 1st, 2015, the GDB announced that the Governor signed an executive order providing the Commonwealth the ability to redirect certain revenues in light of a projected budget imbalance and its deteriorating liquidity position. The revenues subject to the clawback were budgeted for the use of Public Debt. As a result of the clawback, on January 1st, 2016 the Commonwealth made payment on their constitutionally guaranteed debt but defaulted on debt issued by the Puerto Rico Infrastructure and Finance Authority. In April 2016, the Puerto Rico House and Senate passed the Puerto Rico Emergency Moratorium and Financial Rehabilitation Act, which states that neither Puerto Rico nor its Government Development Bank (GDB) “may have sufficient resources to make their respective payments without potentially jeopardizing the Commonwealth’s ability to provide essential services.” The Act authorizes the Governor to declare a moratorium on debt service payments through January 30, 2017, for the Commonwealth, GDB and government instrumentalities of Puerto Rico. On May 2nd, the GDB defaulted on its debt and instituted a moratorium. On July 1st, the Commonwealth defaulted on over $1 billion in debt that was due, including $804 million constitutionally protected General Obligation debt, after the Governor signed an executive order announcing a state of emergency and commencement of a moratorium on Commonwealth debt. The Puerto Rico fiscal crisis is a continuously and rapidly evolving situation; with the passage of PROMESA (Puerto Rico Oversight, Management, and Economic Stability Act) at the end of June, federal oversight will provide the island with a mechanism to restructure debt and implement long term sustainable policies. The Commonwealth and related public corporations cumulatively have over $68 billion in debt outstanding, and while related, each credit and bond security should be evaluated separately.

The U.S. Virgin Islands.  The United States Virgin Islands (“USVI”) is an unincorporated territory of the US, with a population of 106,105. The economy is heavily reliant on the tourism industry, oil refining, and rum production.  The tourism industry is economically sensitive and can be adversely affected by an economic downturn in the United States and Europe.  An important component of the USVI revenue base is the federal excise tax on rum exports.  Tax revenues rebated by the federal government to the USVI provide the primary security of many outstanding USVI bonds.  In 2012 Diageo USVI completed a new rum facility, which dramatically increased the production of rum in the USVI. Currently, the Cruzan VIRIL, Ltd. rum facility can produce a maximum of 10.6 million proof gallons annually, and the Diageo facility has the ability to produce 20 million proof gallons annually. Despite the new addition of the second plant, there can be no assurance that rum exports to the United States and the rebate of tax revenues to the USVI will continue at their present levels.   The USVI receives a $10.50 per proof gallon base rate from the $13.50 federal excise tax , this base rate has periodically been increased to a higher $13.25 but requires the US Senate Finance Committee approval. Recently the government estimates a structural imbalance of over $110 million exists for 2017 ; for the past decade the government has largely relied on borrowing to close their annual deficits. Some officials have proposed refinancing current debt and issuing new deficit financing to close the current budget gap. The government is currently not in compliance with disclosure agreements due to the lack of timely audited financial statements. Moody’s ceased rating USVI general obligations in February 2013 due to the lack of sufficient financial disclosure, while Fitch maintains an implied general obligation rating of BB- negative.  S&P does not rate the USVI general obligations. The Cruzan senior lien rum tax bonds are currently rated BBB stable by S&P, B1 negative by Moody’s, and BBB rating watch negative by Fitch. The subordinate Diageo bonds are rated B2 negative by Moody’s and BBB- rating watch negative by Fitch. Recently Moody’s and Fitch have placed a negative outlook on territory debt as a result of PROMESA and the implied implications of the financial distress of the central government.

Guam.  Guam is a United States territory located 3,810 miles west of Hawaii and 1,500 miles southeast of Japan and its economy is based primarily on Japanese and Korean tourism and the United States military due to its strategic position as the western most territory/state in the United States.  The territory boasts a population of 159,358, with an additional 13 ,000 active military personal and military dependents. Guam’s economy shows some signs of improvement, although reliant on defense spending which can make it vulnerable to economic cycle. Guam’s unemployment rate recently dropped to 6.9 %,



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its lowest rate in several years. Hotel revenue has recorded strong growth over the past four years with tourism recording modest growth in 2014 with visitor arrivals up 0.3% from 2013, a year after recording a 5.3% increase.  

The Government of Guam has a history of persistent operating deficits.  Operating deficits were caused by a number of issues including the global recession, natural disasters, the SARS epidemic, retiree settlement liabilities and past administrations and legislatures that were unwilling to control expenses.  In fiscal year 2012, Guam’s General Fund reported a surplus balance of $30 million, compared to a deficit of ($303) million in 2011. The surplus was primarily attributed to the issuance of $358 million in Business Privilege Tax bonds.  Guam’s General Fund balance, however, has returned negative after operating deficits of ($28) million in 2013, ($62) million in 2014, and an unaudited ($59) million deficit in 2015. According to administrative officials, 2016 revenues was $20 million behind budget. The history of large negative general fund balances and limited liquidity has constrained the territory’s rating, S&P rates the Government BB- stable. Guam’s general obligations are not rated by Moody’s or Fitch. The Government of Guam has also issued bonds backed by Section 30 revenue (federal income taxes derived from military personnel and federal civil service employees on Guam) which are rated BBB+ stable by S&P. These revenues recorded growth sizable growth during fiscal years (2011-2013), but declined in 2014. Additionally, the Government of Guam established a new credit in 2011, creating a lien on Business Privilege Taxes ; BPT revenue has recorded 26% growth over the past five years. This credit is Guam’s highest rated credit at A stable by S&P and A- rating watch negative by Fitch.




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APPENDIX F

RATINGS

The ratings indicated herein are believed to be the most recent ratings available at the date of this SAI for the securities listed. Ratings are generally given to securities at the time of issuance. While the rating agencies may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings indicated do not necessarily represent ratings which would be given to these securities on a particular date.

MOODY’S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (“Moody’s”)

Ratings assigned on Moody’s global long-term and short-term rating scales are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations issued by non-financial corporates, financial institutions, structured finance vehicles, project finance vehicles, and public sector entities. Long-term ratings are assigned to issuers or obligations with an original maturity of one year or more and reflect both the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default.  Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments.

GLOBAL LONG-TERM RATINGS SCALE

Aaa: Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.

Aa: Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low risk.

A: Obligations rated A are considered upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.

Baa: Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics

Ba: Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.

B: Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.

Caa: Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.

Ca: Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.  

C: Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.

Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers, 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.

GLOBAL SHORT-TERM RATING SCALE

Moody’s short term ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to honor short-term financial obligations. Ratings may be assigned to issuers, short-term programs or to individual short-term debt instruments. Such obligations generally have an original maturity not exceeding thirteen months, unless explicitly noted.

P-1: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

P-2: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.

P-3: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.

NP: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime ratings categories.



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ISSUER RATINGS

Issuer Ratings are opinions of the ability of entities to honor senior unsecured financial counterparty obligations and contracts. As such, Issuer Ratings incorporate any external support that is expected to apply to all current and future issuance of senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts, such as explicit support stemming from a guarantee of all senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts, and/or implicit support for issuers subject to joint default analysis (e.g. banks and government-related issuers). Issuer Ratings do not incorporate support arrangements, such as guarantees, that apply only to specific (but not to all) senior unsecured financial obligations and contracts.

US MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS AND DEMAND OBLIGATION RATINGS

SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS

While the global short-term ‘prime’ rating scale is applied to US municipal tax-exempt commercial paper, these programs are typically backed by external letters of credit or liquidity facilities and their short-term prime ratings usually map to the long-term rating of the enhancing bank or financial institution and not to the municipality’s rating. Other short-term municipal obligations, which generally have different funding sources for repayment, are rated using two additional short-term rating scales (i.e., the MIG and VMIG scales discussed below).

The Municipal Investment Grade (MIG) scale is used to rate US municipal bond anticipation notes of up to three years maturity. Municipal notes rated on the MIG scale may be secured by either pledged revenues or proceeds of a take-out financing received prior to note maturity. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuer’s long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating. MIG ratings are divided into three levels—MIG 1 through MIG 3—while speculative grade short-term obligations are designated SG.

MIG 1 This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

MIG 2 This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.

MIG 3 This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.

SG This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.

Demand Obligation Ratings

In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned; a long or short-term rating and demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moody’s evaluation of the degree of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moody’s evaluation of the degree of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (“demand feature”), The second element uses a rating from a variation of the MIG scale called the Variable Municipal Investment Grade (VMIG) scale. The rating transitions on the VMIG scale, as shown in the diagram below, differ from those on the Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support generally will terminate if the issuer’s long-term rating drops below investment grade.

VMIG 1: This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

VMIG 2: This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

VMIG 3: This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.

SG:  This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.



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STANDARD & POOR’S RATINGS SERVICES (“S&P”)

ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS

A Standard & Poor's issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects Standard & Poor's view of the obligor's capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.

Issue credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term. Short-term ratings are generally assigned to those obligations considered short-term in the relevant market. In the U.S., for example, that means obligations with an original maturity of no more than 365 days—including commercial paper. Short-term ratings are also used to indicate the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to put features on long-term obligations. Medium-term notes are assigned long-term ratings.

LONG-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS:

Issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on Standard & Poor's analysis of the following considerations:

·  Likelihood of paymentcapacity and willingness of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the obligation;

·  Nature of and provisions of the obligation and the promise that is imputed;

·  Protection afforded by, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors' rights. Issue ratings are an assessment of default risk, but may incorporate an assessment of relative seniority or ultimate recovery in the event of default. Junior obligations are typically rated lower than senior obligations, to reflect the lower priority in bankruptcy, as noted above. (Such differentiation may apply when an entity has both senior and subordinated obligations, secured and unsecured obligations, or operating company and holding company obligations.)

AAA:  An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.

AA:   An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.

A:  An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.

BBB: An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

BB, B, CCC, CC and C

Obligations rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’,  ‘CC’, and ‘C’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘C’ the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

BB: An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to non-payment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B: An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.



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CCC: An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial or, economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

CC: An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor's expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.

C:  An obligation rated 'C' is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.

D: An obligation rated 'D' is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D' rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.NR: This indicates that no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor's does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.

Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from ‘AA’ to’ CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

SHORT-TERM ISSUE CREDIT RATINGS

A-1: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by S&P. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is extremely strong.

A-2: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial    commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.

A-3: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B: A short-term obligation rated ‘B’ is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor's inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.

C: A short-term obligation rated ‘C’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

D:  A short-term obligation rated 'D' is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D' rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.

ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS DEFINITIONS

Standard & Poor's issuer credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about an obligor's overall creditworthiness. This opinion focuses on the obligor's capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due. It does not apply to any specific financial obligation, as it does not take into account the nature of and provisions of the obligation, its standing in bankruptcy or liquidation, statutory preferences, or the legality and enforceability of the obligation. Counterparty credit ratings, corporate credit ratings and sovereign credit ratings are all forms of issuer credit ratings.

Issuer credit ratings can be either long-term or short-term.



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LONG-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS

AAA: An obligor rated ‘AAA’ has extremely strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. ‘AAA’ is the highest issuer credit rating assigned by S&P.

AA: An obligor rated ‘AA’ has very strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It differs from the highest-rated obligors only to a small degree.

A: An obligor rated ‘A’ has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments but is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in higher-rated categories.

BBB: An obligor rated ‘BBB’ has adequate capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.

BB, B, CCC and CC

Obligors rated ‘BB’, ‘B’, ‘CCC’, and ‘CC’ are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. ‘BB’ indicates the least degree of speculation and ‘CC’ the highest. While such obligors will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.

BB: An obligor ‘BB’ is less vulnerable in the near term than other lower-rated obligors. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties and exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.

B: An obligor rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable than the obligors rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meets its financial commitments.

CCC: An obligor rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions to meet its financial commitments.

CC: An obligor rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable. The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but Standard & Poor's expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.

R: An obligor rated 'R' is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others.  

SD and D: An obligor rated 'SD' (selective default) or 'D' is in default on one or more of its financial obligations including rated and unrated financial obligations but excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital or in non-payment according to terms. An obligor is considered in default unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within five business days of the due date in the absence of a stated grace period, or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. A 'D' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An 'SD' rating is assigned when Standard &

Poor's believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues or classes of obligations in a timely manner. An obligor's rating is lowered to 'D' or 'SD' if it is conducting a distressed exchange offer.

NR: An issuer designated as NR is not rated.

Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from ‘AA’ to’ CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.



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SHORT-TERM ISSUER CREDIT RATINGS

A-1: An obligor rated ‘A-1’ has strong capacity to meet its financial commitments. It is rated in the highest category by S&P. Within this category, certain obligors are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments is extremely strong.

A-2: An obligor rated ‘A-2’ has satisfactory capacity to meet its financial commitments. However, it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligors in the highest rating category.

A-3: An obligor rated ‘A-3’ has adequate capacity to meet its financial obligations. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments.

B: An obligor rated ‘B’ is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. Ratings ‘B-1’, ‘B-2’, and ‘B-3’ may be assigned to indicate finer distinctions within the ‘B’ category. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.

C: An obligor rated 'C' is currently vulnerable to nonpayment that would result in a 'SD' or 'D' issuer rating, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for it to meet its financial commitments.

R: An obligor rated ‘R’ is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others.

SD and D:  An obligor rated 'SD' (selective default) or 'D' has failed to pay one or more of its financial obligations (rated or unrated), excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital or in nonpayment according to terms, when it came due. An obligor is considered in default unless Standard & Poor's believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. A 'D' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay all or  substantially all of its obligations as they come due. An 'SD' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the obligor has selectively defaulted on a specific issue or class of obligations, excluding hybrid instruments classified as regulatory capital, but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other issues or classes of obligations in a timely manner. An obligor's rating is lowered to 'D' or 'SD' if it is conducting a distressed exchange offer.

NR: An issuer designated as NR is not rated.

MUNICIPAL SHORT-TERM NOTE RATINGS

SHORT-TERM NOTES: An S&P U.S. municipal note ratings reflects the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, Standard & Poor's analysis will review the following considerations: Amortization schedule--the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and Source of payment--the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.

Municipal Short-Term Note rating symbols are as follows:

SP-1: Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt will be given a plus (+) designation.

SP-2: Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.

SP-3: Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.



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FITCH RATINGS

LONG-TERM CREDIT RATINGS

Investment Grade

AAA: Highest credit quality ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in case of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. The capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.

AA: Very high credit quality. ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.

A: High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. The capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions that is the case for higher ratings.

BBB:  'BBB' ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.

BB:  Speculative.  'BB' ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time.

B:  Highly speculative.   B' ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.

CCC:  Substantial credit risk.  Default is a real possibility.

CC:  Very high levels of credit risk.  Default of some kind appears probable.

C:  Exceptionally high levels of credit risk. Default appears imminent or inevitable.

D:  Indicates a default. Default generally is defined as one of the following:

·  failure to make payment of principal and/or interest under the contractual terms of the rated obligation;

·  the bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other winding-up or cessation of the business of an issuer/obligor; or

·  the distressed exchange of an obligation, where creditors were offered securities with diminished structural or economic terms compared with the existing obligation to avoid a probable payment default.

Notes to Long-Term ratings:

The modifiers “+” or “-” may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the ‘AAA’ Long-Term IDR category, or to Long-Term IDR categories below ‘B’.

Short-Term Credit Ratings Assigned to Obligations in Corporate, Public and Structured Finance

A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as “short term” based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations, and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.

F1:  Highest short-term credit quality.  Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.

F2: Good short-term credit quality.  Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.

F3: Fair short-term credit quality.  The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.



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B: Speculative short-term credit quality.  Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

C:  High short-term default risk.  Default is a real possibility.

RD: Restricted default.  Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to entity ratings only.

D:  Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.

DESCRIPTION OF INSURANCE FINANCIAL STRENGTH RATINGS

Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. Insurance Financial Strength Ratings

Moody’s Insurance Financial Strength Ratings are opinions of the ability of insurance companies to repay punctually senior policyholder claims and obligations and also reflect the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default . Specific obligations are considered unrated unless they are individually rated because the standing of a particular insurance obligation would depend on an assessment of its relative standing under those laws governing both the obligation and the insurance company.

Standard & Poor’s Insurance Financial Strength Ratings

A Standard & Poor's insurer financial strength rating is a forward-looking opinion about the financial security characteristics of an insurance organization with respect to its ability to pay under its insurance policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. Insurer financial strength ratings are also assigned to health maintenance organizations and similar health plans with respect to their ability to pay under their policies and contracts in accordance with their terms. This opinion is not specific to any particular policy or contract, nor does it address the suitability of a particular policy or contract for a specific purpose or purchaser. Furthermore, the opinion does not take into account deductibles, surrender or cancellation penalties, timeliness of payment, nor the likelihood of the use of a defense such as fraud to deny claims. Insurer financial strength ratings do not refer to an organization's ability to meet nonpolicy (i.e., debt) obligations. Assignment of ratings to debt issued by insurers or to debt issues that are fully or partially supported by insurance policies, contracts, or guarantees is a separate process from the determination of insurer financial strength ratings, and follows procedures consistent with those used to assign an issue credit rating. An insurer financial strength rating is not a recommendation to purchase or discontinue any policy or contract issued by an insurer.

Long-Term Insurer Financial Strength Ratings

Category Definition

AAA

An insurer rated 'AAA' has extremely strong financial security characteristics. 'AAA' is the highest insurer financial strength rating assigned by Standard & Poor's.

AA

An insurer rated 'AA' has very strong financial security characteristics, differing only slightly from those rated higher.

A

An insurer rated 'A' has strong financial security characteristics, but is somewhat more likely to be affected by adverse business conditions than are insurers with higher ratings.

BBB

An insurer rated 'BBB' has good financial security characteristics, but is more likely to be affected by adverse business conditions than are higher-rated insurers.

BB; CCC; and CC

An insurer rated 'BB' or lower is regarded as having vulnerable characteristics that may outweigh its strengths. 'BB' indicates the least degree of vulnerability within the range; 'CC' the highest.



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BB

An insurer rated 'BB' has marginal financial security characteristics. Positive attributes exist, but adverse business conditions could lead to insufficient ability to meet financial commitments.

B

An insurer rated 'B' has weak financial security characteristics. Adverse business conditions will likely impair its ability to meet financial commitments.

CCC

An insurer rated 'CCC' has very weak financial security characteristics, and is dependent on favorable business conditions to meet financial commitments.

CC

An insurer rated 'CC' has extremely weak financial security characteristics and is likely not to meet some of its financial commitments.

SD or D

An insurer rated 'SD' (selective default) or 'D' is in default on one or more of its insurance policy obligations but is not under regulatory supervision that would involve a rating of 'R'. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on a policy obligation are at risk. A 'D' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the default will be a general default and that the obligor will fail to pay substantially all of its obligations in full in accordance with the policy terms. An 'SD' rating is assigned when Standard & Poor's believes that the insurer has selectively defaulted on a specific class of policies but it will continue to meet its payment obligations on other classes of obligations. A selective default includes the completion of a distressed exchange offer. Claim denials due to lack of coverage or other legally permitted defenses are not considered defaults.

R

An insurer rated 'R' is under regulatory supervision owing to its financial condition. During the pendency of the regulatory supervision, the regulators may have the power to favor one class of obligations over others or pay some obligations and not others. The rating does not apply to insurers subject only to non-financial actions such as market conduct violations.

NR

An insurer designated 'NR' is not rated, which implies no opinion about the insurer's financial security.

Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from ‘AA’ to’ CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

Fitch Insurer Financial Strength Rating

The Insurer Financial Strength (IFS) Rating provides an assessment of the financial strength of an insurance organization. The IFS Rating is assigned to the insurance company's policyholder obligations, including assumed reinsurance obligations and contract holder obligations, such as guaranteed investment contracts. The IFS Rating reflects both the ability of the insurer to meet these obligations on a timely basis, and expected recoveries received by claimants in the event the insurer stops making payments or payments are interrupted, due to either the failure of the insurer or some form of regulatory intervention. In the context of the IFS Rating, the timeliness of payments is considered relative to both contract and/or policy terms but also recognizes the possibility of reasonable delays caused by circumstances common to the insurance industry, including claims reviews, fraud investigations and coverage disputes.

The IFS Rating does not encompass policyholder obligations residing in separate accounts, unit-linked products or segregated funds, for which the policyholder bears investment or other risks. However, any guarantees provided to the policyholder with respect to such obligations are included in the IFS Rating.

Expected recoveries are based on the agency's assessments of the sufficiency of an insurance company's assets to fund policyholder obligations, in a scenario in which payments have ceased or been interrupted. Accordingly, expected recoveries exclude the impact of recoveries obtained from any government sponsored guaranty or policyholder protection funds. Expected recoveries also exclude the impact of collateralization or security, such as letters of credit or trusteed assets, supporting select reinsurance obligations.



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IFS Ratings can be assigned to insurance and reinsurance companies in any insurance sector, including the life & annuity, non-life, property/casualty, health, mortgage, financial guaranty, residual value and title insurance sectors, as well as to managed care companies such as health maintenance organizations.

The IFS Rating does not address the quality of an insurer's claims handling services or the relative value of products sold.

The IFS Rating uses the same symbols used by the agency for its International and National credit ratings of long-term or short-term debt issues. However, the definitions associated with the ratings reflect the unique aspects of the IFS Rating within an insurance industry context.

Obligations for which a payment interruption has occurred due to either the insolvency or failure of the insurer or some form of regulatory intervention will generally be rated between 'B' and 'C' on the Long-Term IFS Rating scales (both International and National). International Short-Term IFS Ratings assigned under the same circumstances will align with the insurer's International Long-Term IFS Ratings.



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APPENDIX G

Eaton Vance Funds

Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures

I. Overview

The Boards of Trustees (the Board) of the Eaton Vance Funds1 have determined that it is in the interests of the Funds shareholders to adopt these written proxy voting policy and procedures (the Policy).  For purposes of this Policy:

·

Fund means each registered investment company sponsored by the Eaton Vance organization; and

·

Adviser means the adviser or sub-adviser responsible for the day-to-day management of all or a portion of the Funds assets.

II. Delegation of Proxy Voting Responsibilities

The Board hereby delegates to the Adviser responsibility for voting the Fund’s proxies as described in this Policy. In this connection, the Adviser is required to provide the Board with a copy of its proxy voting policies and procedures (“Adviser Procedures”) and all Fund proxies will be voted in accordance with the Adviser Procedures, provided that in the event a material conflict of interest arises with respect to a proxy to be voted for the Fund (as described in Section IV below) the Adviser shall follow the process for voting such proxy as described in Section IV below.

The Adviser is required to report any material change to the Adviser Procedures to the Board in the manner set forth in Section V below.  In addition, the Board will review the Adviser Procedures annually.

III. Delegation of Proxy Voting Disclosure Responsibilities

Pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 promulgated under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), the Fund is required to file Form N-PX no later than August 31st of each year.  On Form N-PX, the Fund is required to disclose, among other things, information concerning proxies relating to the Fund’s portfolio investments, whether or not the Fund (or its Adviser) voted the proxies relating to securities held by the Fund and how it voted on the matter and whether it voted for or against management.

To facilitate the filing of Form N-PX for the Fund:

·

The Adviser is required to record, compile and transmit in a timely manner all data required to be filed on Form N-PX for the Fund that it manages.  Such data shall be transmitted to Eaton Vance Management, which acts as administrator to the Fund (the “Administrator”) or the third party service provider designated by the Administrator; and

·

the Administrator is required to file Form N-PX on behalf of the Fund with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“Commission”) as required by the 1940 Act.  The Administrator may delegate the filing to a third party service party provided each such filing is reviewed and approved by the Administrator.

IV. Conflicts of Interest

The Board expects the Adviser, as a fiduciary to the Fund it manages, to put the interests of the Fund and its shareholders above those of the Adviser.  When required to vote a proxy for the Fund, the Adviser may have material business relationships with the issuer soliciting the proxy that could give rise to a potential material conflict of interest for the Adviser.2  In the event such a material conflict of interest arises, the Adviser, to the extent it is aware or reasonably should have been aware of the material conflict, will refrain from voting any proxies related to companies giving rise to such material conflict until it notifies and consults with the appropriate Board, or any committee, sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees identified by the Board (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees) (the “Board Members”), concerning the material conflict.3  For ease of communicating with the Board Members, the Adviser is required to provide the foregoing notice to the Fund’s Chief Legal Officer who will then notify and facilitate a consultation with the Board Members.

Once the Board Members have been notified of the material conflict:

·

They shall convene a meeting to review and consider all relevant materials related to the proxies involved.  This meeting shall be convened within 3 business days, provided that it an effort will be made to convene the meeting sooner if the proxy must be voted in less than 3 business days;

·

In considering such proxies, the Adviser shall make available all materials requested by the Board Members and make reasonably available appropriate personnel to discuss the matter upon request.



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·

The Board Members will then instruct the Adviser on the appropriate course of action with respect to the proxy at issue.

If the Board Members are unable to meet and the failure to vote a proxy would have a material adverse impact on the Fund(s) involved, the Adviser will have the right to vote such proxy, provided that it discloses the existence of the material conflict to the Chairperson of the Board as soon as practicable and to the Board at its next meeting.  Any determination regarding the voting of proxies of the Fund that is made by the Board Members shall be deemed to be a good faith determination regarding the voting of proxies by the full Board.

V. Reports and Review

The Administrator shall make copies of each Form N-PX filed on behalf of the Fund available for the Boards review upon the Boards request.  The Administrator (with input from the Adviser for the Fund) shall also provide any reports reasonably requested by the Board regarding the proxy voting records of the Fund.

The Adviser shall report any material changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Board as soon as practicable and the Boards will review the Adviser Procedures annually.

The Adviser also shall report any changes to the Adviser Procedures to the Fund Chief Legal Officer prior to implementing such changes in order to enable the Administrator to effectively coordinate the Fund’s disclosure relating to the Adviser Procedures.

To the extent requested by the Commission, the Policy and the Adviser Procedures shall be appended to the Fund’s statement of additional information included in its registration statement.

_____________________

1

The Eaton Vance Funds may be organized as trusts or corporations.  For ease of reference, the Funds may be referred to herein as Trusts and the Funds’ Board of Trustees or Board of Directors may be referred to collectively herein as the Board.

2

An Adviser is expected to maintain a process for identifying a potential material conflict of interest.  As an example only, such potential conflicts may arise when the issuer is a client of the Adviser and generates a significant amount of fees to the Adviser or the issuer is a distributor of the Adviser’s products.

3

If a material conflict of interest exists with respect to a particular proxy and the proxy voting procedures of the relevant Adviser require that proxies are to be voted in accordance with the recommendation of a third party proxy voting vendor, the requirements of this Section IV shall only apply if the Adviser intends to vote such proxy in a manner inconsistent with such third party recommendation.




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APPENDIX H

EATON VANCE MANAGEMENT

BOSTON MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH

EATON VANCE INVESTMENT COUNSEL

EATON VANCE TRUST COMPANY

EATON VANCE MANAGEMENT (INTERNATIONAL) LIMITED

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

I.  Introduction

Eaton Vance Management, Boston Management and Research, Eaton Vance Investment Counsel, Eaton Vance Management (International) Limited and Eaton Vance Trust Company (each an “Adviser” and collectively the “Advisers”) have each adopted and implemented policies and procedures that each Adviser believes are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, in accordance with its fiduciary duties and, to the extent applicable, Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.  The Advisers’ authority to vote the proxies of their clients is established by their advisory contracts or similar documentation, such as the Eaton Vance Funds Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures.  These proxy policies and procedures reflect the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) requirements governing advisers and the long-standing fiduciary standards and responsibilities for ERISA accounts set out in the Department of Labor Bulletin 94-2 C.F.R. 2509.94-2 (July 29, 1994).  

II.  Overview

Each Adviser manages its clients’ assets with the overriding goal of seeking to provide the greatest possible return to such clients consistent with governing laws and the investment policies of each client.  In pursuing that goal, each Adviser seeks to exercise its clients’ rights as shareholders of voting securities to support sound corporate governance of the companies issuing those securities with the principle aim of maintaining or enhancing the companies’ economic value.   

The exercise of shareholder rights is generally done by casting votes by proxy at shareholder meetings on matters submitted to shareholders for approval (for example, the election of directors or the approval of a company’s stock option plans for directors, officers or employees). Each Adviser has established guidelines (“Guidelines”) as described below and generally will utilize such Guidelines in voting proxies on behalf of its clients.  The Guidelines are largely based on those developed by the Agent (defined below) but also reflect input from the Global Proxy Group (defined below) and other Adviser investment professionals and are believed to be consistent with the views of the Adviser on the various types of proxy proposals.  These Guidelines are designed to promote accountability of a company’s management and board of directors to its shareholders and to align the interests of management with those of shareholders.  The Guidelines provide a framework for analysis and decision making but do not address all potential issues.

Except as noted below, each Adviser will vote any proxies received by a client for which it has sole investment discretion through a third-party proxy voting service (“Agent”) in accordance with the Guidelines in a manner that is reasonably designed to eliminate any potential conflicts of interest, as described more fully below.  The Agent is currently Institutional Shareholder Services Inc.  Where applicable, proxies will be voted in accordance with client-specific guidelines or, in the case of an Eaton Vance Fund that is sub-advised, pursuant to the sub-adviser’s proxy voting policies and procedures.  Although an Adviser retains the services of the Agent for research and voting recommendations, the Adviser remains responsible for proxy voting decisions.

III.  Roles and Responsibilities

A.  Proxy Administrator

The Proxy Administrator and/or her designee coordinate the consideration of proxies referred back to the Adviser by the Agent, and otherwise administers these Procedures.  In the Proxy Administrator’s absence, another employee of the Adviser may perform the Proxy Administrator’s responsibilities as deemed appropriate by the Global Proxy Group. The Proxy Administrator also may designate another employee to perform certain of the Proxy Administrator’s duties hereunder, subject to the oversight of the Proxy Administrator.

B.  Agent

The Agent is responsible for coordinating with the clients’ custodians and the Advisers to ensure that all proxy materials received by the custodians relating to the portfolio securities are processed in a timely fashion.  Each Adviser shall instruct the custodian for its clients to deliver proxy ballots and related materials to the Agent.  The Agent shall vote and/or refer all proxies in accordance with the Guidelines.  The Agent shall retain a record of all proxy votes handled by the Agent.  With



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respect to each Eaton Vance Fund memorialized therein, such record must reflect all of the information required to be disclosed in the Fund’s Form N-PX pursuant to Rule 30b1-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, to the extent applicable.  In addition, the Agent is responsible for maintaining copies of all proxy statements received by issuers and to promptly provide such materials to an Adviser upon request.

Subject to the oversight of the Advisers, the Agent shall establish and maintain adequate internal controls and policies in connection with the provision of proxy voting services to the Advisers, including methods to reasonably ensure that its analysis and recommendations are not influenced by a conflict of interest, and shall disclose such controls and policies to the Advisers when and as provided for herein.   Unless otherwise specified, references herein to recommendations of the Agent shall refer to those in which no conflict of interest has been identified.  The Advisers are responsible for the ongoing oversight of the Agent as contemplated by SEC Staff Legal Bulletin No. 20 (June 30, 2014).  Such oversight currently may include one or more of the following:

·

periodic review of Agent’s proxy voting platform and reporting capabilities (including recordkeeping);

·

periodic review of a sample of ballots for accuracy and correct application of the Guidelines;

·

periodic meetings with Agent’s client services team;

·

periodic in-person and/or web-based due diligence meetings;

·

receipt and review of annual certifications received from the Agent; and/or

·

annual review of due diligence materials provided by the Agent, including review of procedures and practices regarding potential conflicts of interests.

C.   Global Proxy Group

The Adviser shall establish a Global Proxy Group which is responsible for establishing the Guidelines (described below) and reviewing such Guidelines at least annually.  The Global Proxy Group shall also review recommendations to vote proxies in a manner that is contrary to the Guidelines and when the proxy relates to a conflicted company of the Adviser or the Agent as described below.

The members of the Global Proxy Group shall include the Chief Equity Investment Officer of Eaton Vance Management (“EVM”) and selected members of the Equity Departments of EVM and Eaton Vance Management (International) Limited (“EVMI”) and EVM’s Global Income Department.  The Proxy Administrator is not a voting member of the Global Proxy Group.  Members of the Global Proxy Group may be changed from time to time at the Advisers’ discretion.  Matters that require the approval of the Global Proxy Group may be acted upon by its member(s) available to consider the matter.

IV.  Proxy Voting

A.  The Guidelines

The Global Proxy Group shall establish recommendations for the manner in which proxy proposals shall be voted (the “Guidelines”).  The Guidelines shall identify when ballots for specific types of proxy proposals shall be voted or referred to the Adviser.  The Guidelines shall address a wide variety of individual topics, including, among other matters, shareholder voting rights, anti-takeover defenses, board structures, the election of directors, executive and director compensation, reorganizations, mergers, issues of corporate social responsibility and other proposals affecting shareholder rights.  In determining the Guidelines, the Global Proxy Group considers the recommendations of the Agent as well as input from the Advisers’ portfolio managers and analysts and/or other internally developed or third party research.  

The Global Proxy Group shall review the Guidelines at least annually and, in connection with proxies to be voted on behalf of the Eaton Vance Funds, the Adviser will submit amendments to the Guidelines to the Fund Boards each year for approval.

With respect to the types of proxy proposals listed below, the Guidelines will generally provide as follows:

1.  Proposals Regarding Mergers and Corporate Restructurings/Disposition of Assets/Termination/Liquidation and Mergers

The Agent shall be directed to refer proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator and/or her designee for all proposals relating to Mergers and Corporate Restructurings.

2.  Corporate Structure Matters/Anti-Takeover Defenses

As a general matter, the Advisers will normally vote against anti-takeover measures and other proposals designed to limit the ability of shareholders to act on possible transactions (except in the case of closed-end management investment companies).



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3.  Proposals Regarding Proxy Contests

The Agent shall be directed to refer contested proxy proposals accompanied by its written analysis and voting recommendation to the Proxy Administrator and/or her designee .

4.  Social and Environmental Issues

The Advisers generally support management on social and environmental proposals.

Interpretation and application of the Guidelines is not intended to supersede any law, regulation, binding agreement or other legal requirement to which an issuer or the Adviser may be or become subject. The Guidelines generally relate to the types of proposals that are most frequently presented in proxy statements to shareholders.  In certain circumstances, an Adviser may determine to vote contrary to the Guidelines subject to the voting procedures set forth below.    

B.  Voting Procedures

Except as noted in Section V below, the Proxy Administrator and/or her designee shall instruct the Agent to vote proxies as follows:

1.  Vote in Accordance with Guidelines

If the Guidelines prescribe the manner in which the proxy is to be voted, the Agent shall vote in accordance with the Guidelines, which for certain types of proposals, are recommendations of the Agent made on a case-by-case basis.  

2.  Seek Guidance for a Referred Item or a Proposal for which there is No Guideline

If (i) the Guidelines state that the proxy shall be referred to the Adviser to determine the manner in which it should be voted or (ii) a proxy is received for a proposal for which there is no Guideline, the Proxy Administrator and/or her designee shall consult with the analyst(s) covering the company subject to the proxy proposal and shall instruct the Agent to vote in accordance with the determination of the analyst. The Proxy Administrator and/or her designee will maintain a record of all proxy proposals that are referred by the Agent, as well as all applicable recommendations, analysis and research received and the resolution of the matter.  Where more than one analyst covers a particular company and the recommendations of such analysts for voting a proposal subject to this Section IV.B.2 conflict, the Global Proxy Group shall review such recommendations and any other available information related to the proposal and determine the manner in which it should be voted, which may result in different recommendations for clients (including Funds).   

3.  Votes Contrary to the Guidelines or Where Agent is Conflicted

In the event an analyst with respect to companies within his or her coverage area may recommend a vote contrary to the Guidelines, the Proxy Administrator and/or her designee will provide the Global Proxy Group with the Agent’s recommendation for the Proposal along with any other relevant materials, including a description of the basis for the analyst’s recommendation via email and the Proxy Administrator and/or her designee will then instruct the Agent to vote the proxy in the manner determined by the Global Proxy Group.  The Adviser will provide a report to the Boards of Trustees of the Eaton Vance Funds reflecting any votes cast on behalf of the Eaton Vance Funds contrary to the Guidelines, and shall do so quarterly.  A similar process will be followed if the Agent has a conflict of interest with respect to a proxy as described in Section VI.B.

4.  Do Not Cast a Vote

It shall generally be the policy of the Advisers to take no action on a proxy for which no client holds a position or otherwise maintains an economic interest in the relevant security at the time the vote is to be cast.  In addition, the Advisers may determine not to vote (i) if the economic effect on shareholders' interests or the value of the portfolio holding is indeterminable or insignificant (e.g., proxies in connection with securities no longer held in the portfolio of a client or proxies being considered on behalf of a client that is no longer in existence); (ii) if the cost of voting a proxy outweighs the benefits (e.g., certain international proxies, particularly in cases in which share blocking practices may impose trading restrictions on the relevant portfolio security); or (iii) in markets in which shareholders' rights are limited, and the Adviser is unable to timely access ballots or other proxy information.  Non-Votes may also result in certain cases in which the Agent's recommendation has been deemed to be conflicted, as provided for herein.

C.  Securities on Loan

When a fund client participates in the lending of its securities and the securities are on loan at the record date for a shareholder meeting, proxies related to such securities generally will not be forwarded to the relevant Adviser by the fund’s custodian and therefore will not be voted.  In the event that the Adviser determines that the matters involved would have a material effect on the applicable fund’s investment in the loaned securities, the Adviser will make reasonable efforts to terminate the loan in time to be able to cast such vote or exercise such consent.  The Adviser shall instruct the fund’s security lending agent to refrain from lending the full position of any security held by a fund to ensure that the Adviser receives notice of proxy proposals impacting the loaned security.



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V.  Recordkeeping

The Advisers will maintain records relating to the proxies they vote on behalf of their clients in accordance with Section 204-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.  Those records will include:

·

A copy of the Advisers’ proxy voting policies and procedures;

·

Proxy statements received regarding client securities. Such proxy statements received from issuers are either in the SEC’s EDGAR database or are kept by the Agent and are available upon request;

·

A record of each vote cast;

·

A copy of any document created by the Advisers that was material to making a decision on how to vote a proxy for a client or that memorializes the basis for such a decision; and

·

Each written client request for proxy voting records and the Advisers’ written response to any client request (whether written or oral) for such records.

All records described above will be maintained in an easily accessible place for five years and will be maintained in the offices of the Advisers or their Agent for two years after they are created.

Notwithstanding anything contained in this Section V, Eaton Vance Trust Company shall maintain records relating to the proxies it votes on behalf of its clients in accordance with laws and regulations applicable to it and its activities.  In addition, EVMI shall maintain records relating to the proxies it votes on behalf of its clients in accordance with UK law.

VI.  Assessment of Agent and Identification and Resolution of Conflicts with Clients

A.  Assessment of Agent

The Advisers shall establish that the Agent (i) is independent from the Advisers, (ii) has resources that indicate it can competently provide analysis of proxy issues, and (iii) can make recommendations in an impartial manner and in the best interests of the clients and, where applicable, their beneficial owners. The Advisers shall utilize, and the Agent shall comply with, such methods for establishing the foregoing as the Advisers may deem reasonably appropriate and shall do so not less than annually as well as prior to engaging the services of any new proxy voting service. The Agent shall also notify the Advisers in writing within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to information previously provided to an Adviser in connection with establishing the Agent’s independence, competence or impartiality.

B.  Conflicts of Interest

As fiduciaries to their clients, each Adviser puts the interests of its clients ahead of its own.  In order to ensure that relevant personnel of the Advisers are able to identify potential material conflicts of interest, each Adviser will take the following steps:

·

Quarterly, the Eaton Vance Legal and Compliance Department will seek information from the department heads of each department of the Advisers and of Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. (“EVD”) (an affiliate of the Advisers and principal underwriter of certain Eaton Vance Funds).   Each department head will be asked to provide a list of significant clients or prospective clients of the Advisers or EVD.    

·

A representative of the Legal and Compliance Department will compile a list of the companies identified (the “Conflicted Companies”) and provide that list to the Proxy Administrator.

·

The Proxy Administrator will compare the list of Conflicted Companies with the names of companies for which he or she has been referred a proxy statement (the “Proxy Companies”).  If a Conflicted Company is also a Proxy Company, the Proxy Administrator will report that fact to the Global Proxy Group.

·

If the Proxy Administrator expects to instruct the Agent to vote the proxy of the Conflicted Company strictly according to the Guidelines contained in these Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures (the “Policies”) or the recommendation of the Agent, as applicable, he or she will (i) inform the Global Proxy Group of that fact, (ii) instruct the Agent to vote the proxies and (iii) record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.

·

If the Proxy Administrator intends to instruct the Agent to vote in a manner inconsistent with the Guidelines, the Global Proxy Group will then determine if a material conflict of interest exists between the relevant Adviser and its clients (in consultation with the Legal and Compliance Department if needed).  If the Global Proxy Group determines that a material conflict exists, prior to instructing the Agent to vote any proxies relating to these Conflicted Companies the Adviser will seek instruction on how the proxy should be voted from:

·

The client, in the case of an individual, corporate, institutional or benefit plan client;



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·

In the case of a Fund, its board of directors, any committee, sub-committee or group of Independent Trustees (as long as such committee, sub-committee or group contains at least two or more Independent Trustees); or

·

The adviser, in situations where the Adviser acts as a sub-adviser to such adviser.  

The Adviser will provide all reasonable assistance to each party to enable such party to make an informed decision.

If the client, Fund board or adviser, as the case may be, fails to instruct the Adviser on how to vote the proxy, the Adviser will generally instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to abstain from voting in order to avoid the appearance of impropriety.  If however, the failure of the Adviser to vote its clients’ proxies would have a material adverse economic impact on the Advisers’ clients’ securities holdings in the Conflicted Company, the Adviser may instruct the Agent, through the Proxy Administrator, to vote such proxies in order to protect its clients’ interests.   In either case, the Proxy Administrator will record the existence of the material conflict and the resolution of the matter.

The Advisers shall also identify and address conflicts that may arise from time to time concerning the Agent.  Upon the Advisers’ request, which shall be not less than annually, and within fifteen (15) calendar days of any material change to such information previously provided to an Adviser, the Agent shall provide the Advisers with such information as the Advisers deem reasonable and appropriate for use in determining material relationships of the Agent that may pose a conflict of interest with respect to the Agent’s proxy analysis or recommendations.  Such information shall include, but is not limited to, a monthly report from the Agent detailing the Agent’s Corporate Securities Division clients and related revenue data.  The Advisers shall review such information on a monthly basis.  The Proxy Administrator shall instruct the Agent to refer any proxies for which a material conflict of the Agent is deemed to be present to the Proxy Administrator.  Any such proxy referred by the Agent shall be referred to the Global Proxy Group for consideration accompanied by the Agent’s written analysis and voting recommendation.  The Proxy Administrator will instruct the Agent to vote the proxy as recommended by the Global Proxy Group.


(1)

The Guidelines will prescribe how a proposal shall be voted or provide factors to be considered on a case-by-case basis by the Agent in recommending a vote pursuant to the Guidelines.  



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PART C - OTHER INFORMATION


Item 28. Exhibits (with inapplicable items omitted)


 

(a)

 

 

Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust dated April 26, 2016 filed herewith.

 

(b)

 

 

Amended and Restated By-Laws of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust adopted April 23, 2012 filed as Exhibit (b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 139 filed November 28, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-001150) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(c)

 

 

Reference is made to Item 28(a) and 28(b) above.

 

(d)

(1)

 

Form of Investment Advisory Agreement with Boston Management and Research for Eaton Vance Alabama Municipals Fund,  Eaton Vance Arizona Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Arkansas Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Colorado Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Connecticut Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Florida Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Georgia Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Kentucky Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Louisiana Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Maryland Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Massachusetts Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Michigan Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Minnesota Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Mississippi Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Missouri Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance New Jersey Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance New York Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance North Carolina Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Ohio Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Oregon Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Rhode Island Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance South Carolina Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Tennessee Municipals Fund, Eaton Vance Virginia Municipals Fund and Eaton Vance West Virginia Municipals Fund filed as Exhibit (d)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 filed November 24, 2004 (Accession No. 0000940394-04-001055) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(2)

 

Form of Investment Advisory Agreement with Boston Management and Research for Eaton Vance California Municipals Fund and Eaton Vance National Municipals Fund filed as Exhibit (d)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 filed November 24, 2004 (Accession No. 0000940394-04-001055) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(3)

 

Investment Advisory and Administrative Agreement between Eaton Vance Municipals Trust, on behalf of Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund, and Eaton Vance Management dated May 31, 2011 filed as Exhibit (d)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 130 filed May 26, 2011 (Accession No. 0000940394-11-000611) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(e)

(1)

(a)

Amended and Restated Master Distribution Agreement effective as of May 1, 2014 between each Trust identified on Schedule A on behalf of each of its series listed on Schedule A, and Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. filed as Exhibit (e)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 139 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed April 28, 2014 (Accession No. 0000940394-14-000655) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

 

(b)

Amended Schedule A dated December 1, 2016 to Amended and Restated Master Distribution Agreement effective as of May 1, 2014 filed as Exhibit (e)(1)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 191 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 002-22019, 811-01241) filed November 21, 2016 (Accession No. 0000940394-16-003246) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(2)

 

Selling Group Agreement between Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc. and Authorized Dealers filed as Exhibit (e)(2) to the Post-Effective Amendment No. 85 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed April 26, 2007 (Accession No. 0000940394-07-000430) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(f)

 

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission has granted the Registrant an exemptive order that permits the Registrant to enter into deferred compensation arrangements with its independent Trustees.  See in the Matter of Capital Exchange Fund, Inc., Release No. IC-20671 (November 1, 1994).

 

(g)

(1)

 

Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between Eaton Vance Funds and State Street Bank & Trust Company dated September 1, 2013 filed as Exhibit (g)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 211 of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (File Nos. 002-90946, 811-04015) filed September 24, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-001073) and incorporated herein by reference.



C-1




 

 

(2)

 

Amended and Restated Services Agreement with State Street Bank & Trust Company dated September 1, 2010 filed as Exhibit (g)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 108 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed September 27, 2010 (Accession No. 0000940394-10-001000) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(3)

 

Amendment Number 1 dated May 16, 2012 to Amended and Restated Services Agreement with State Street Bank & Trust Company dated September 1, 2010 filed as Exhibit (g)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 39 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 29, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-000641) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(4)

 

Amendment dated September 1, 2013 to Amended and Restated Services Agreement with State Street Bank & Trust Company dated September 1, 2010 filed as Exhibit (g)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 211 of Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust (File Nos. 002-90946, 811-04015) filed September 24, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-001073) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(h)

(1)

 

Amended and Restated Administrative Services Agreement between Eaton Vance Municipals Trust (on behalf of each of its series listed on Appendix A) and Eaton Vance Management dated August 6, 2012 filed as Exhibit (h)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 139 filed November 28, 2012 (Accession No. 0000940394-12-001150) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(2)

 

Transfer Agency and Shareholder Services Agreement effective September 1, 2016 between BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc. and the Funds filed as Exhibit (h)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed September 26, 2016 (Accession No. 0000940394-16-003071) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(3)

 

Sub-Transfer Agency Support Services Agreement effective January 1, 2014 between Eaton Vance Management and the Funds filed as Exhibit (h)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 159 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 002-22019, 811-01241) filed January 27, 2014 (Accession No. 0000940394-14-000132) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(4)

(a)

Expense Waivers/Reimbursements Agreement between Eaton Vance Management and each of the entities (on behalf of certain of their series) listed on Schedule A dated October 31, 2012 filed as Exhibit (h)(4) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 63 of Eaton Vance Investment Trust (File Nos. 033-01121, 811-04443) filed July 26, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000938) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

 

(b)

Amended Schedule A dated December 1, 2016 to the Expense Waivers/Reimbursements Agreement dated October 31, 2012 filed as Exhibit (h)(4)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 191 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 002-22019, 811-01241) filed November 21, 2016 (Accession No. 0000940394-16-003246) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(i)

(1)

 

Opinion of Internal Counsel dated March 10, 2011 filed as Exhibit (i) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 129 filed March 10, 2011 (Accession No. 0000940394-11-000365) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(2)

 

Consent of Internal Counsel dated November 21, 2016 filed herewith.

 

(j)

 

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for Eaton Vance Arizona Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance Connecticut Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance Minnesota Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund, Eaton Vance New Jersey Municipal Income Fund and Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Municipal Income Fund dated November 21, 2016 filed herewith.

 

(m)

(1)

(a)

Master Distribution Plan for Class A, Advisers Class and Investor Class shares adopted May 1, 2013 on behalf of each Trust and their respective series listed on Schedule A filed as Exhibit (m)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 30, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000754) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

 

(b)

Amended Schedule A dated September 27, 2016 to Master Distribution Plan for Class A, Advisers Class and Investor Class shares adopted May 1, 2013 filed as Exhibit (e)(1)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 165 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed September 26, 2016 (Accession No. 0000940394-16-003071) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

(2)

 

Master Distribution Plan for Class B shares adopted May 1, 2013 on behalf of each Trust and their respective series listed on Schedule A filed as Exhibit (m)(2) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 30, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000754) and incorporated herein by reference.



C-2



 

 

(3)

(a)

Master Distribution Plan for Class C shares adopted May 1, 2013 on behalf of each Trust and their respective series listed on Schedule A filed as Exhibit (m)(3) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 41 of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II (File Nos. 033-71320, 811-08134) filed May 30, 2013 (Accession No. 0000940394-13-000754) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

 

(b)

Amended Schedule A dated December 1, 2016 to Master Distribution Plan for Class C shares adopted May 1, 2013 filed as Exhibit (e)(1)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 191 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 002-22019, 811-01241) filed November 21, 2016 (Accession No. 0000940394-16-003246) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(n)

(1)

(a)

Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan for Eaton Vance Funds dated April 26, 2016 filed as Exhibit (n) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 162 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed April 28, 2016 (Accession No. 0000940394-16-002411) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

 

(b)

Amended Schedule A dated December 1, 2016 to Amended and Restated Multiple Class Plan for Eaton Vance Funds dated April 26, 2016 filed as Exhibit (n)(1)(b) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 191 of Eaton Vance Growth Trust (File Nos. 002-22019, 811-01241) filed November 21, 2016 (Accession No. 0000940394-16-003246) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(p)

 

 

Code of Ethics adopted by the Eaton Vance Entities and the Eaton Vance Funds effective September 1, 2000, as revised February 19, 2016 filed as Exhibit (p)(1) to Post-Effective Amendment No. 157 of Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust (File Nos. 002-27962, 811-01545) filed February 25, 2016 (Accession No. 0000940394-16-001998) and incorporated herein by reference.

 

(q)

 

 

Power of Attorney for Eaton Vance Municipals Trust dated October 18, 2016 filed herewith.


Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control

Not applicable

Item 30. Indemnification

Article IV of the Registrants Declaration of Trust permits Trustee and officer indemnification by By-Law, contract and vote.  Article XI of the By-Laws contains indemnification provisions.  Registrant’s Trustees and officers are insured under a standard mutual fund errors and omissions insurance policy covering loss incurred by reason of negligent errors and omissions committed in their capacities as such.

The distribution agreement of the Registrant also provides for reciprocal indemnity of the principal underwriter, on the one hand, and the Trustees and officers, on the other.

Item 31. Business and other Connections of Investment Advisers

Reference is made to: (i) the information set forth under the caption Management and Organization in the Statement of Additional Information; (ii) the Eaton Vance Corp. Form 10-K filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (File No. 1-8100); and (iii) the Form ADV of Eaton Vance Management (File No. 801-15930) and Boston Management and Research (File No. 801-43127) filed with the Commission, all of which are incorporated herein by reference.



C-3


Item 32. Principal Underwriters

 

(a)

Registrants principal underwriter, Eaton Vance Distributors, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Eaton Vance Corp., is the principal underwriter for each of the registered investment companies named below:


Eaton Vance Growth Trust

Eaton Vance Investment Trust

Eaton Vance Municipals Trust

Eaton Vance Municipals Trust II

Eaton Vance Mutual Funds Trust

Eaton Vance Series Fund, Inc.

Eaton Vance Series Trust II

Eaton Vance Special Investment Trust

Eaton Vance Variable Trust


 

(b)

(1)
Name and Principal
Business Address*

(2)
Positions and Offices
with Principal Underwriter

(3)
Positions and Offices
with Registrant

 

 

 

Robb Allen

Vice President

None

Julie Andrade

Vice President

None

Brian Arcara

Vice President

None

Christopher Arthur

Vice President

None

Brian Austin

Vice President

None

Michelle Baran

Vice President

None

Ira Baron

Vice President

None

Jeffrey P. Beale

Vice President

None

Brian Blair

Vice President

None

Stephanie H. Brady

Vice President

None

Timothy Breer

Vice President

None

Joe Brody

Vice President

None

Luke Bordzinski

Vice President

None

Mark Burkhard

Vice President

None

Joseph Bustros

Vice President

None

Eric Caplinger

Vice President

None

Kristin Carcio

Vice President

None

Daniel C. Cataldo

Vice President and Treasurer

None

Tiffany Cayarga

Vice President

None

Patrick Cerrato

Vice President

None

Gregory Chalas

Vice President

None

Randy Clark

Vice President

None

Tyler Cortelezzi

Vice President

None

Enrico Coscia

Vice President

None

Patrick Cosgrove

Vice President

None

Peter Crowley

Vice President

None

Robert Cunha

Vice President

None



C-4




Rob Curtis

Vice President

None

Kevin Darrow

Vice President

None

Holly DiCostanzo

Vice President

None

Brian Dunkley

Vice President

None

James Durocher

Senior Vice President

None

Margaret Egan

Vice President

None

Robert Ellerbeck

Vice President

None

Daniel Ethier

Vice President

None

Troy Evans

Vice President

None

Lawrence L. Fahey

Vice President

None

Thomas E. Faust Jr.

Director

Trustee

Scott Firth

Vice President

None

James Foley

Vice President

None

Kathleen Fryer

Vice President

None

Jonathan Futterman

Vice President

None

Anne Marie Gallagher

Vice President

None

Gregory Gelinas

Vice President

None

Patrick Gill

Vice President

None

Bradford Godfrey

Vice President

None

Seth Goldzweig

Vice President

None

Andrew Goodale

Vice President

None

David Gordon

Vice President

None

John Greenway

Vice President

None

Daniel Grzywacz

Vice President

None

Diane Hallett

Vice President

None

Steven Heck

Vice President

None

Richard Hein

Vice President

None

Joseph Hernandez

Vice President

None

Dori Hetrick

Vice President

None

Toebe Hinckle

Vice President

None

Suzanne Hingel

Vice President

None

Perry D. Hooker

Vice President

None

Christian Howe

Vice President

None

Laurie G. Hylton

Director

None

Jonathan Isaac

Vice President

None

Adrian Jackson

Vice President

None

Ryan Jenkins

Vice President

None

Brian Johnson

Vice President

None

Elizabeth Johnson

Vice President

None

Steve Jones

Vice President

None



C-5




Doug Keagle

Vice President

None

Sean Kelly

Senior Vice President

None

William Kennedy

Vice President

None

Joseph Kosciuszek

Vice President

None

Kathleen Krivelow

Vice President

None

David Lefcourt

Vice President

None

Benjamin LeFevre

Vice President

None

Andrew Leimenstoll

Vice President

None

Paul Leonardo

Vice President

None

Brandon Lindley

Vice President

None

Scott Lindsay

Vice President

None

John Loy

Vice President

None

Coleen Lynch

Vice President

None

John Macejka

Vice President

None

James Maki

Vice President

None

Tim Mamis

Vice President

None

Christopher Marek

Vice President

None

Frederick S. Marius

Vice President, Secretary, Clerk and Chief Legal Officer

None

Geoff Marshall

Vice President

None

Christopher Mason

Vice President

None

Daniel J. McCarthy

Vice President

None

Don McCaughey

Vice President

None

James McCuddy

Vice President

None

Tim McEwen

Vice President

None

Ian McGinn

Vice President

None

Shannon McHugh-Price

Vice President

None

David Michaud

Vice President

None

Mark Milan

Vice President

None

John Moninger

Senior Vice President

None

Chris Morahan

Vice President

None

Meghan Moses

Vice President

None

Matthew Navins

Vice President

None

Christopher Nebons

Vice President

None

Paul Nicely

Vice President

None

David Oliveri

Vice President

None

Philip Pace

Vice President

None

Steven Perlmutter

Vice President

None

Steve Pietricola

Vice President

None

Benjamin Pomeroy

Vice President

None

John Pumphrey

Vice President

None



C-6




James Putman

Vice President

None

Henry Rehberg

Vice President

None

Christopher Remington

Vice President

None

David Richman

Vice President

None

Christopher Rohan

Vice President

None

Kevin Rookey

Vice President

None

John Santoro

Vice President

None

Rocco Scanniello

Vice President

None

Michael Shea

Vice President

None

Alan Simeon

Vice President

None

Randy Skarda

Vice President

None

David Smith

Chief Compliance Officer

None

Jamie Smoller

Vice President

None

Daniel Sullivan

Vice President

None

Elaine Sullivan

Vice President

None

Michael Sullivan

Vice President

None

Eileen Tam

Vice President

None

Brian Taranto

Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer

None

Robyn Tice

Vice President

None

John M. Trotsky

Vice President

None

Geoffrey Underwood

Vice President

None

Randolph Verzillo

Vice President

None

Shannon Vincent

Vice President

None

Greg Walsh

Vice President

None

Christopher Webber

Vice President

None

Collin Weir

Vice President

None

Scott Weisel

Vice President

None

David White

Vice President

None

Steve Widder

Vice President

None

Tim Williamson

Vice President

None

Matthew J. Witkos

President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

None

Dan Yifru

Vice President

None

Trey Young

Vice President

None

Gregor Yuska

Vice President

None

Anthony Zanetti

Vice President

None

David Zigas

Vice President

None

 

 

* Address is Two International Place, Boston, MA  02110

 

(c)

Not applicable




C-7


Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records

All applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by the Registrant by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules promulgated thereunder are in the possession and custody of the Registrant’s custodian, State Street Bank and Trust Company, State Street Financial Center, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111, and its transfer agent, BNY Mellon Investment Servicing (US) Inc., 4400 Computer Drive, Westborough, MA 01581-5120, with the exception of certain corporate documents and portfolio trading documents which are in the possession and custody of the administrator and investment adviser or sub-adviser.  Registrant is informed that all applicable accounts, books and documents required to be maintained by registered investment advisers are in the custody and possession of Eaton Vance Management and Boston Management and Research, both located at Two International Place, Boston, MA 02110.

Item 34. Management Services

Not applicable

Item 35. Undertakings

None.



C-8



SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Boston, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on November 21, 2016.


 

EATON VANCE MUNICIPALS TRUST

 

By:

/s/ Payson F. Swaffield

 

 

Payson F. Swaffield, President

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on November 21, 2016.

Signature

Title

 

 

/s/ Payson F. Swaffield

President (Chief Executive Officer)

Payson F. Swaffield

 

 

 

/s/ James F. Kirchner

Treasurer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

James F. Kirchner

 

 

 

Signature

Title

Signature

Title

 

 

 

 

Scott E. Eston*

Trustee

William H. Park*

Trustee

Scott E. Eston

 

William H. Park

 

 

 

 

 

Thomas E. Faust Jr.*

Trustee

Helen Frame Peters*

Trustee

Thomas E. Faust Jr.

 

Helen Frame Peters

 

 

 

 

 

Mark R. Fetting*

Trustee

Susan J. Sutherland*

Trustee

Mark R. Fetting

 

Susan J. Sutherland

 

 

 

 

 

Cynthia E. Frost*

Trustee

Harriett Tee Taggart*

Trustee

Cynthia E. Frost

 

Harriett Tee Taggart

 

 

 

 

 

George J. Gorman*

Trustee

Ralph F. Verni*

Trustee

George J. Gorman

 

Ralph F. Verni

 

 

 

 

 

Valerie A. Mosley*

Trustee

Scott E. Wennerholm*

Trustee

Valerie A. Mosley

 

Scott E. Wennerholm

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*By:

/s/ Maureen A. Gemma

 

 

Maureen A. Gemma (As attorney-in-fact)

 



C-9


EXHIBIT INDEX

The following exhibits are filed as part of this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 483 of Regulation C.

Exhibit No.

Description


(a)

 

 

Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust dated April 26, 2016

(i)

(2)

 

Consent of Internal Counsel dated November 21, 2016

(j)

 

 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for Eaton Vance Arizona Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance Connecticut Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance Minnesota Municipal Income Fund, Eaton Vance Municipal Opportunities Fund, Eaton Vance New Jersey Municipal Income Fund and Eaton Vance Pennsylvania Municipal Income Fund dated November 21, 2016

(q)

 

 

Power of Attorney of Eaton Vance Municipals Trust dated October 18, 2016




C-10