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Derivative Instruments
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Instruments DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

Types of Derivative Instruments and Derivative Strategies

The Company utilizes various derivative instruments and strategies to manage its risk. Commonly used derivative instruments include, but are not necessarily limited to:
Interest rate contracts: futures, swaps, options, swaptions, caps and floors
Equity contracts: futures, options and total return swaps
Foreign exchange contracts: futures, options, forwards and swaps
Credit contracts: single and index reference credit default swaps

Other types of financial contracts that the Company accounts for as derivatives include:
Embedded derivatives

For detailed information on these contracts and the related strategies, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Primary Risks Managed by Derivatives

The table below provides a summary of the gross notional amount and fair value of derivative contracts by the primary underlying risks, excluding embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables. Many derivative instruments contain multiple underlying risks. The fair value amounts below represent the value of derivative contracts prior to taking into account the netting effects of master netting agreements, cash collateral, and NPR.
 
 
June 30, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Primary Underlying Risk/Instrument Type
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
Gross Notional
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
Gross Notional
 
Assets
 
Liabilities
 
 
(in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency/Interest Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign Currency Swaps
 
$
751,074

 
$
43,962

 
$
(15,484
)
 
$
719,476

 
$
38,333

 
$
(16,638
)
Total Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments
 
$
751,074

 
$
43,962

 
$
(15,484
)
 
$
719,476

 
$
38,333

 
$
(16,638
)
Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Swaps
 
$
596,925

 
$
31,580

 
$
(4,511
)
 
$
246,925

 
$
15,665

 
$
(3,174
)
Foreign Currency
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign Currency Forwards
 
27,935

 
262

 
(100
)
 
23,043

 
277

 
(20
)
Credit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Credit Default Swaps
 
0

 
0

 
0

 
756

 
0

 
(9
)
Currency/Interest Rate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Foreign Currency Swaps
 
128,088

 
7,836

 
(1,244
)
 
98,363

 
6,303

 
(2,109
)
Equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Equity Options
 
2,306,848

 
98,700

 
(32,489
)
 
1,981,693

 
17,312

 
(4,912
)
Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments
 
$
3,059,796

 
$
138,378

 
$
(38,344
)
 
$
2,350,780

 
$
39,557

 
$
(10,224
)
Total Derivatives(1)(2)
 
$
3,810,870

 
$
182,340

 
$
(53,828
)
 
$
3,070,256

 
$
77,890

 
$
(26,862
)

(1)
Excludes embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables which contain multiple underlying risks.
(2)
Recorded in “Other invested assets” and “Other liabilities” on the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

The fair value of the embedded derivatives, included in "Future policy benefits," was a net liability of $8,477 million and $5,589 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The fair value of the related reinsurance recoverables, included in "Reinsurance recoverables" or "Other liabilities," was a net asset of $8,486 million and $5,600 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Of these reinsurance recoverables, the fair value related to the living benefits guarantee from Prudential Annuities Life Assurance Corporation ("PALAC") and Prudential Insurance was a net asset of $8,398 million and $5,585 million and the fair value related to the Prudential Premier® Retirement Variable Annuity with Highest Daily Lifetime Income ("HDI") v.3.0 from Union Hamilton Reinsurance, Ltd. ("Union Hamilton"), an external counterparty, was a net asset of $88 million and $15 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. See Note 6 for additional information on these reinsurance agreements.

The fair value of the embedded derivatives, included in "Policyholders' account balances," was a net liability of $787 million and $13 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. There were no related reinsurance recoverables at each respective period.

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

The following table presents recognized derivative instruments (excluding embedded derivatives and associated reinsurance recoverables), and repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements that are offset in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, and/or are subject to an enforceable master netting arrangement or similar agreement, irrespective of whether they are offset in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.

 
June 30, 2019
 
Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Financial
Instruments
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the
Consolidated Statements of
Financial
Position
 
Net Amounts
Presented in
the Consolidated Statements
of Financial
Position
 
Financial
Instruments/
Collateral (1)
 
Net
Amount
 
(in thousands)
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives(1)
$
182,336

 
$
(163,984
)
 
$
18,352

 
$
(18,352
)
 
$
0

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
16,000

 
0

 
16,000

 
(16,000
)
 
0

Total Assets
$
198,336

 
$
(163,984
)
 
$
34,352

 
$
(34,352
)
 
$
0

Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives(1)
$
53,828

 
$
(53,828
)
 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Total Liabilities
$
53,828

 
$
(53,828
)
 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0


 
December 31, 2018
 
Gross
Amounts of
Recognized
Financial
Instruments
 
Gross
Amounts
Offset in the Consolidated
Statements of
Financial
Position
 
Net Amounts
Presented in
the Consolidated Statements
of Financial
Position
 
Financial
Instruments/
Collateral (1)
 
Net
Amount
 
(in thousands)
Offsetting of Financial Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives(1)
$
77,887

 
$
(27,078
)
 
$
50,809

 
$
(7,307
)
 
$
43,502

Securities purchased under agreements to resell
143,000

 
0

 
143,000

 
(143,000
)
 
0

Total Assets
$
220,887

 
$
(27,078
)
 
$
193,809

 
$
(150,307
)
 
$
43,502

Offsetting of Financial Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivatives(1)
$
26,862

 
$
(26,862
)
 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Total Liabilities
$
26,862

 
$
(26,862
)
 
$
0

 
$
0

 
$
0


(1)
Amounts exclude the excess of collateral received/pledged from/to the counterparty.

For information regarding the rights of offset associated with the derivative assets and liabilities in the table above see “Credit Risk” below and Note 9. For securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, the Company monitors the value of the securities and maintains collateral, as appropriate, to protect against credit exposure. Where the Company has entered into repurchase and resale agreements with the same counterparty, in the event of default, the Company would generally be permitted to exercise rights of offset. For additional information on the Company’s accounting policy for securities repurchase and resale agreements, see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Cash Flow Hedges

The primary derivative instruments used by the Company in its cash flow hedge accounting relationships are currency swaps. These instruments are only designated for hedge accounting in instances where the appropriate criteria are met. The Company does not use futures, options, credit, equity or embedded derivatives in any of its cash flow hedge accounting relationships.

The following tables provide the financial statement classification and impact of derivatives used in qualifying and non-qualifying hedge relationships, excluding the offset of the hedged item in an effective hedge relationship.
 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
Net
Investment
Income
 
Other
Income
 
AOCI(1)
 
(in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency/Interest Rate
$
(88
)
 
$
2,211

 
$
1,482

 
$
13,316

Total cash flow hedges
(88
)
 
2,211

 
1,482

 
13,316

Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate
7,682

 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency
343

 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency/Interest Rate
1,673

 
0

 
4

 
0

Credit
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Equity
12,666

 
0

 
0

 
0

Embedded Derivatives
(72,122
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments
(49,758
)
 
0

 
4

 
0

Total
$
(49,846
)
 
$
2,211

 
$
1,486

 
$
13,316

 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 
Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
Net
Investment
Income
 
Other
Income
 
AOCI(1)
 
(in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency/Interest Rate
$
(248
)
 
$
4,280

 
$
(34
)
 
$
6,662

Total cash flow hedges
(248
)
 
4,280

 
(34
)
 
6,662

Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate
15,297

 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency
323

 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency/Interest Rate
3,103

 
0

 
5

 
0

Credit
(1
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Equity
41,529

 
0

 
0

 
0

Embedded Derivatives
(154,326
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments
(94,075
)
 
0

 
5

 
0

Total
$
(94,323
)
 
$
4,280

 
$
(29
)
 
$
6,662


 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018(2)
 
Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
Net
Investment
Income
 
Other
Income
 
AOCI(1)
 
(in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency/Interest Rate
$
83

 
$
1,611

 
$
5,710

 
$
31,519

Total cash flow hedges
83

 
1,611

 
5,710

 
31,519

Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate
(3,126
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency
1,221

 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency/Interest Rate
4,844

 
0

 
38

 
0

Credit
0

 
0

 
0

 
0

Equity
7,581

 
0

 
0

 
0

Embedded Derivatives
(44,051
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments
(33,531
)
 
0

 
38

 
0

Total
$
(33,448
)
 
$
1,611

 
$
5,748

 
$
31,519

 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018(2)
 
Realized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
Net
Investment
Income
 
Other
Income
 
AOCI(1)
 
(in thousands)
Derivatives Designated as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Currency/Interest Rate
$
(433
)
 
$
3,149

 
$
5,046

 
$
8,657

Total cash flow hedges
(433
)
 
3,149

 
5,046

 
8,657

Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate
(12,526
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency
665

 
0

 
0

 
0

Currency/Interest Rate
1,509

 
0

 
15

 
0

Credit
(2
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Equity
2,824

 
0

 
0

 
0

Embedded Derivatives
(74,678
)
 
0

 
0

 
0

Total Derivatives Not Qualifying as Hedge Accounting Instruments
(82,208
)
 
0

 
15

 
0

Total
$
(82,641
)
 
$
3,149

 
$
5,061

 
$
8,657


(1)
Net change in AOCI.
(2)
Prior period amounts have been updated to conform to current period presentation.

Presented below is a rollforward of current period cash flow hedges in AOCI before taxes:
 
(in thousands)    
Balance, December 31, 2018
$
22,122

Cumulative-effect adjustment from the adoption of ASU 2017-12(1)
(27
)
Amount recorded in AOCI
 
Currency/Interest Rate
10,661

Total amount recorded in AOCI
10,661

Amount reclassified from AOCI to income
 
Currency/Interest Rate
(3,999
)
Total amount reclassified from AOCI to income
(3,999
)
Balance, June 30, 2019
$
28,757


(1)
See Note 2 for details.

The changes in fair value of cash flow hedges are deferred in AOCI and are included in "Net unrealized investment gains (losses)" in the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss); these amounts are then reclassified to earnings when the hedged item affects earnings. Using June 30, 2019 values, it is estimated that a pre-tax gain of $8 million is expected to be reclassified from AOCI to earnings during the subsequent twelve months ending June 30, 2020, offset by amounts pertaining to the hedged items.

The exposures the Company is hedging with these qualifying cash flow hedges include the variability of the payment or receipt of interest or foreign currency amounts on existing financial instruments.

There were no material amounts reclassified from AOCI into earnings relating to instances in which the Company discontinued cash flow hedge accounting because the forecasted transaction did not occur by the anticipated date or within the additional time period permitted by the authoritative guidance for the accounting for derivatives and hedging.

Credit Derivatives

The Company has no exposure from credit derivative positions where it has written credit protection as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

The Company has purchased credit protection using credit derivatives in order to hedge specific credit exposures in the Company’s investment portfolio. The Company has outstanding notional amounts of $0.0 million and $1 million reported as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively with a fair value of $0.0 million for both periods.

Credit Risk

The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by counterparty to financial derivative transactions with a positive fair value. The Company manages credit risk by entering into derivative transactions with its affiliate, Prudential Global Funding LLC (“PGF”), related to its over-the-counter ("OTC") derivatives. PGF, in turn, manages its credit risk by: (i) entering into derivative transactions with highly rated major international financial institutions and other creditworthy counterparties governed by master netting agreement, as applicable; (ii) trading through central clearing and OTC parties; (iii) obtaining collateral, such as cash and securities, when appropriate; and (iv) setting limits on single-party credit exposures which are subject to periodic management review.

Substantially all of the Company’s derivative agreements have zero thresholds which require daily full collateralization by the party in a liability position.