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Investments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Investments [Abstract]  
Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities, Available-for-sale Securities
The following tables provide information relating to fixed maturities and equity securities (excluding investments classified as trading) as of the dates indicated:
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
OTTI
in AOCI (3)
 
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
 
$
87,107

 
$
7,170

 
$
228

 
$
94,049

 
$

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
 
602,508

 
24,219

 
1,958

 
624,769

 

Foreign government bonds
 
70,107

 
3,094

 
2,791

 
70,410

 

Public utilities
 
790,038

 
30,862

 
18,402

 
802,498

 

Redeemable preferred stock
 
5,316

 
1,530

 
145

 
6,701

 

All other U.S. public corporate securities
 
2,138,358

 
81,905

 
61,142

 
2,159,121

 
(217
)
All other U.S. private corporate securities
 
1,085,345

 
26,299

 
13,963

 
1,097,681

 

All other foreign public corporate securities
 
270,063

 
8,230

 
6,508

 
271,785

 

All other foreign private corporate securities
 
784,283

 
9,933

 
42,528

 
751,688

 

Asset-backed securities (1)
 
431,578

 
6,203

 
2,650

 
435,131

 
(3,056
)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
396,160

 
10,614

 
2,429

 
404,345

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities (2)
 
114,943

 
7,876

 
65

 
122,754

 
(690
)
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale
 
$
6,775,806

 
$
217,935

 
$
152,809

 
$
6,840,932

 
$
(3,963
)
Equity securities, available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stocks:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mutual funds
 
$
54,543

 
$
256

 
$
3,030

 
$
51,769

 
 
Public utilities
 
66

 
2

 
29

 
39

 
 
Industrial, miscellaneous & other
 

 
165

 

 
165

 
 
Non-redeemable preferred stocks
 

 

 

 

 
 
Total equity securities, available-for-sale
 
$
54,609

 
$
423

 
$
3,059

 
$
51,973

 
 
(1)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans, and other asset types.
(2)
Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
(3)
Represents the amount of OTTI losses in AOCI, which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $9 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.
 
 
December 31, 2014(4)
 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
OTTI
in AOCI (3)
 
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government authorities and agencies
 
$
83,372

 
$
8,711

 
$
1

 
$
92,082

 
$

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
 
310,518

 
15,323

 
187

 
325,654

 

Foreign government bonds
 
35,228

 
3,284

 
14

 
38,498

 

Public utilities
 
683,652

 
62,060

 
3,288

 
742,424

 

Redeemable preferred stock
 
3,185

 
763

 
137

 
3,811

 

All other U.S. public corporate securities
 
2,042,843

 
143,969

 
10,280

 
2,176,532

 
(247
)
All other U.S. private corporate securities
 
983,361

 
47,266

 
2,106

 
1,028,521

 

All other foreign public corporate securities
 
182,884

 
12,468

 
1,019

 
194,333

 

All other foreign private corporate securities
 
534,716

 
24,236

 
7,415

 
551,537

 

Asset-backed securities (1)
 
395,180

 
8,281

 
1,210

 
402,251

 
(3,531
)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
482,769

 
17,978

 
1,868

 
498,879

 

Residential mortgage-backed securities (2)
 
129,165

 
10,902

 
25

 
140,042

 
(836
)
Total fixed maturities, available-for-sale
 
$
5,866,873

 
$
355,241

 
$
27,550

 
$
6,194,564

 
$
(4,614
)
Equity securities, available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stocks:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mutual funds
 
$
28,470

 
$
468

 
$
295

 
$
28,643

 
 
Public utilities
 
66

 
23

 

 
89

 
 
Industrial, miscellaneous & other
 
5

 
173

 

 
178

 
 
Non-redeemable preferred stocks
 
340

 
250

 

 
590

 
 
Total equity securities, available-for-sale
 
$
28,881

 
$
914

 
$
295

 
$
29,500

 
 

(1)
Includes credit-tranched securities collateralized by sub-prime mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, education loans, and other asset types.
(2)
Includes publicly-traded agency pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations.
(3)
Represents the amount of OTTI losses in AOCI, which were not included in earnings. Amount excludes $10 million of net unrealized gains on impaired available-for-sale securities relating to changes in the value of such securities subsequent to the impairment measurement date.
(4)
Prior period amounts are presented on a basis consistent with the current period presentation.
Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date
The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities by contractual maturities at December 31, 2015, are as follows:
 
 
 
Available-for-Sale
 
 
Amortized Cost
 
Fair Value
 
 
(in thousands)
Due in one year or less
 
$
264,119

 
$
262,759

Due after one year through five years
 
1,133,468

 
1,171,399

Due after five years through ten years
 
1,423,371

 
1,418,482

Due after ten years
 
3,012,167

 
3,026,062

Asset-backed securities
 
431,578

 
435,131

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
396,160

 
404,345

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
114,943

 
122,754

Total
 
$
6,775,806

 
$
6,840,932

Sources of Fixed Maturity Proceeds, Related Investment Gains (Losses), and Losses on Impairments of Fixed Maturities and Equity Securities
The following table depicts the sources of fixed maturity and equity security proceeds and related investment gains (losses), as well as losses on impairments of both fixed maturities and equity securities:
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
 
 
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from sales
 
$
171,589

 
$
245,618

 
$
816,125

Proceeds from maturities/repayments
 
642,503

 
656,249

 
760,433

Gross investment gains from sales, prepayments and maturities
 
12,496

 
20,394

 
60,261

Gross investment losses from sales and maturities
 
(1,528
)
 
(2,704
)
 
(22,380
)
Equity securities, available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
Proceeds from sales
 
$
5,732

 
$
17,873

 
$
13,606

Gross investment gains from sales
 
400

 
1,085

 
1,337

Gross investment losses from sales
 

 

 
(791
)
Fixed maturity and equity security impairments
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net writedowns for other-than-temporary impairment losses on fixed maturities recognized in earnings (1)
 
$
(1,463
)
 
$
(127
)
 
$
(4,441
)
Writedowns for impairments on equity securities
 
(3
)
 

 
(67
)
(1)
Excludes the portion of OTTI recorded in “Other comprehensive income (loss),” representing any difference between the fair value of the impaired debt security and the net present value of its projected future cash flows at the time of the impairment.
Credit Losses Recognized in Earnings on Fixed Maturity Securities Held by the Company for which a Portion of the OTTI Loss was Recognized in OCI
The following table sets forth the amount of pre-tax credit loss impairments on fixed maturity securities held by the Company as of the dates indicated, for which a portion of the OTTI loss was recognized in OCI, and the corresponding changes in such amounts.
 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
(in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period
 
$
8,729

 
$
14,660

Credit loss impairments previously recognized on securities which matured, paid down, prepaid or were sold during the period
 
(1,719
)
 
(6,533
)
Credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities not previously impaired
 

 

Additional credit loss impairments recognized in the current period on securities previously impaired
 
71

 

Increases due to the passage of time on previously recorded credit losses
 
213

 
1,098

Accretion of credit loss impairments previously recognized due to an increase in cash flows expected to be collected
 
(253
)
 
(496
)
Balance, end of period
 
$
7,041

 
$
8,729

Trading Account Assets Disclosure
The following table sets forth the composition of “Trading account assets” as of the dates indicated:
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities
 
$
50,565

 
$
46,364

 
$
43,490

 
$
44,121

Equity securities
 
14,761

 
18,248

 
3,447

 
5,540

Total trading account assets
 
$
65,326

 
$
64,612

 
$
46,937

 
$
49,661

Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans
The Company’s commercial mortgage and other loans are comprised as follows, as of the dates indicated:
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
Amount
(in thousands)
 
% of
Total
 
Amount
(in thousands)
 
% of
Total
Commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail
 
$
440,767

 
26.7
%
 
$
439,679

 
26.2
%
Apartments/Multi-Family
 
445,379

 
27.0

 
401,568

 
23.9

Industrial
 
254,884

 
15.4

 
286,104

 
17.1

Office
 
226,332

 
13.6

 
244,072

 
14.6

Other
 
92,581

 
5.6

 
99,083

 
5.9

Hospitality
 
85,910

 
5.2

 
92,126

 
5.5

Total commercial mortgage loans
 
1,545,853

 
93.5

 
1,562,632

 
93.2

Agricultural property loans
 
106,623

 
6.5

 
114,665

 
6.8

Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type
 
1,652,476

 
100.0
%
 
1,677,297

 
100.0
%
Valuation allowance
 
(2,651
)
 
 
 
(4,154
)
 
 
Total net commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans by property type
 
1,649,825

 
 
 
1,673,143

 
 
Other loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Uncollateralized loans
 
8,410

 
 
 
8,410

 
 
Valuation allowance
 

 
 
 

 
 
Total net other loans
 
8,410

 
 
 
8,410

 
 
Total commercial mortgage and other loans
 
$
1,658,235

 
 
 
$
1,681,553

 
 
Allowance for Losses
Activity in the allowance for credit losses for all commercial mortgage and other loans, as of the dates indicated, is as follows:
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
December 31, 2013
 
 
(in thousands)
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of year
 
$
4,154

 
$
8,904

 
$
6,028

Addition to (release of) allowance for losses
 
(1,503
)
 
(1,832
)
 
2,876

Charge-offs, net of recoveries
 

 
(2,918
)
 

Total ending balance (1)
 
$
2,651

 
$
4,154

 
$
8,904

(1)
Agricultural loans represent less than $0.1 million of the ending allowance at both December 31, 2015 and 2014 and $0.3 million at December 31, 2013.

Allowance for Credit Losses and Recorded Investment in Commercial Mortgage and Other Loans
The following tables set forth the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment in commercial mortgage and other loans as of the dates indicated:
 
 
 
December 31, 2015
 
December 31, 2014
 
 
(in thousands)
Allowance for Credit Losses:
 
 
 
 
Individually evaluated for impairment (1)
 
$

 
$
940

Collectively evaluated for impairment (2)
 
2,651

 
3,214

Total ending balance
 
$
2,651

 
$
4,154

Recorded Investment (3):
 
 
 
 
Gross of reserves: individually evaluated for impairment (1)
 
$
287

 
$
15,875

Gross of reserves: collectively evaluated for impairment (2)
 
1,660,599

 
1,669,832

Total ending balance, gross of reserves
 
$
1,660,886

 
$
1,685,707

(1)
There were $0.3 million and $0.0 million agricultural loans individually evaluated for impairment at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. There were no uncollateralized loans individually evaluated for impairment at both December 31, 2015 and 2014.
(2)
Agricultural loans collectively evaluated for impairment had a recorded investment of $107 million and $115 million at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, and a related allowance of less than $0.1 million at both period ends. Uncollateralized loans collectively evaluated for impairment had a recorded investment of $8 million at both December 31, 2015 and 2014, and no related allowance at both period ends.
(3)
Recorded investment reflects the balance sheet carrying value gross of related allowance.
Credit Quality Indicators
Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans 
 
 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio - December 31, 2015
 
 
Greater than 1.2X
 
1.0X to <1.2X
 
Less than 1.0X
 
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
Loan-to-Value Ratio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0%-59.99%
 
$
1,004,751

 
$
35,579

 
$
6,762

 
$
1,047,092

60%-69.99%
 
378,799

 
4,969

 
4,016

 
387,784

70%-79.99%
 
197,208

 
12,471

 

 
209,679

Greater than 80%
 

 
2,938

 
4,983

 
7,921

Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans
 
$
1,580,758

 
$
55,957

 
$
15,761

 
$
1,652,476

 
 
 
Debt Service Coverage Ratio - December 31, 2014
 
 
Greater than 1.2X
 
1.0X to <1.2X
 
Less than 1.0X
 
Total
 
 
(in thousands)
Loan-to-Value Ratio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
0%-59.99%
 
$
997,610

 
$
24,491

 
$
9,393

 
$
1,031,494

60%-69.99%
 
372,958

 
15,741

 
13,981

 
402,680

70%-79.99%
 
177,956

 
31,463

 
3,493

 
212,912

Greater than 80%
 
2,991

 
22,068

 
5,152

 
30,211

Total commercial mortgage and agricultural property loans
 
$
1,551,515

 
$
93,763

 
$
32,019

 
$
1,677,297

Schedule Of Other Long Term Investments
The following table sets forth the composition of “Other long-term investments” at December 31 for the years indicated. 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
(in thousands)
Company’s investment in separate accounts
 
$
28,567

 
$
25,761

Joint ventures and limited partnerships
 
280,570

 
244,330

Derivatives
 
70,100

 
28,052

Total other long-term investments
 
$
379,237

 
$
298,143

Net Investment Income
Net investment income for the years ended December 31, was from the following sources:
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
 
$
269,073

 
$
262,532

 
$
278,747

Equity securities, available-for-sale
 
2

 
2

 
1

Trading account assets
 
2,800

 
1,018

 
657

Commercial mortgage and other loans
 
86,354

 
81,848

 
84,006

Policy loans
 
62,304

 
60,847

 
59,287

Short-term investments and cash equivalents
 
1,042

 
528

 
654

Other long-term investments
 
17,739

 
16,962

 
15,023

Gross investment income
 
439,314

 
423,737

 
438,375

Less: investment expenses
 
(22,727
)
 
(19,719
)
 
(19,364
)
Net investment income
 
$
416,587

 
$
404,018

 
$
419,011

Realized Gain (Loss) on Investments
Realized investment gains (losses), net, for the years ended December 31, were from the following sources: 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities
 
$
9,505

 
$
17,563

 
$
33,440

Equity securities
 
397

 
1,085

 
480

Commercial mortgage and other loans
 
1,503

 
4,644

 
5,494

Joint ventures and limited partnerships
 
320

 
210

 
(83
)
Derivatives
 
(220,292
)
 
90,556

 
(52,799
)
Other
 
29

 
9

 
18

Realized investment gains (losses), net
 
$
(208,538
)
 
$
114,067

 
$
(13,450
)
Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The balance of and changes in each component of “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” for the years ended December 31, are as follows:
 
 
 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
 
 
Foreign Currency
Translation
Adjustment
 
Net Unrealized
Investment Gains
(Losses) (1)
 
Total Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
 
(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2012
 
$
257

 
$
267,204

 
$
267,461

Change in component during period (2)
 
146

 
(210,961
)
 
(210,815
)
Balance, December 31, 2013
 
$
403

 
$
56,243

 
$
56,646

Change in component during period (2)
 
(470
)
 
122,515

 
122,045

Balance, December 31, 2014
 
$
(67
)
 
$
178,758

 
$
178,691

Change in other comprehensive income before reclassifications
 
(507
)
 
(164,799
)
 
(165,306
)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI
 

 
(9,902
)
 
(9,902
)
Income tax benefit (expense)
 
177

 
61,145

 
61,322

Balance, December 31, 2015
 
$
(397
)
 
$
65,202

 
$
64,805

(1)
Includes cash flow hedges of $48 million, $12 million, and $(5) million as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
(2)
Net of taxes.
Reclassification Out Of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) 
 
 
Year Ended
December 31, 2015
 
Year Ended
December 31, 2014
 
Year Ended
December 31, 2013
 
 
(in thousands)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (1)(2):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net unrealized investment gains (losses):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash flow hedges—Currency/Interest rate (3)
 
$
4,286

 
$
6,594

 
$
329

Net unrealized investment gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities (4)
 
5,616

 
12,055

 
33,591

Total net unrealized investment gains (losses)
 
9,902

 
18,649

 
33,920

Total reclassifications for the period
 
$
9,902

 
$
18,649

 
$
33,920

(1)
All amounts are shown before tax.
(2)
Positive amounts indicate gains/benefits reclassified out of AOCI. Negative amounts indicate losses/costs reclassified out of AOCI.
(3)
See Note 10 for additional information on cash flow hedges.
(4)
See table below for additional information on unrealized investment gains (losses), including the impact on deferred policy acquisition and other costs, future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances.
Net Unrealized Investment Gain (Loss) AOCI Rollforward
The amounts for the periods indicated below, split between amounts related to fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized, and all other net unrealized investment gains and losses, are as follows:
Net Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses on Fixed Maturity Securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized 
 
 
Net Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on Investments
 
Deferred
Policy
Acquisition
Costs and
Other Costs
 
Future Policy
Benefits and
Policyholders’
Account
Balances(2)
 
Deferred
Income Tax
(Liability)
Benefit
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Related To Net
Unrealized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
 
(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2012
 
$
(618
)
 
$
295

 
$
563

 
$
(115
)
 
$
125

Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period
 
1,053

 

 

 
(369
)
 
684

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
 
4,114

 

 

 
(1,440
)
 
2,674

Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(1)
 
(51
)
 

 

 
18

 
(33
)
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs
 

 
(3,619
)
 

 
1,266

 
(2,353
)
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances
 

 

 
1,256

 
(439
)
 
817

Balance, December 31, 2013
 
$
4,498

 
$
(3,324
)
 
$
1,819

 
$
(1,079
)
 
$
1,914

Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period
 
996

 

 

 
(348
)
 
648

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
 
(161
)
 

 

 
56

 
(105
)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(1)
 

 

 

 

 

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs
 

 
786

 

 
(275
)
 
511

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances
 

 

 
(591
)
 
206

 
(385
)
Balance, December 31, 2014
 
$
5,333

 
$
(2,538
)
 
$
1,228

 
$
(1,440
)
 
$
2,583

Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period
 
107

 

 

 
(37
)
 
70

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
 
(251
)
 

 

 
88

 
(163
)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(1)
 
7

 

 

 
(2
)
 
5

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs
 

 
1,188

 

 
(416
)
 
772

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances
 

 

 
(114
)
 
40

 
(74
)
Balance, December 31, 2015
 
$
5,196

 
$
(1,350
)
 
$
1,114

 
$
(1,767
)
 
$
3,193

(1)
Represents "transfers in" related to the portion of OTTI losses recognized during the period that were not recognized in earnings for securities with no prior OTTI loss.
(2)
Balances are net of reinsurance.

All Other Net Unrealized Investment Gain (Loss) AOCI Rollforward
All Other Net Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses in AOCI 
 
 
Net Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on
Investments(2)
 
Deferred
Policy
Acquisition
Costs and
Other Costs
 
Future Policy
Benefits and
Policyholders’
Account
Balances(3)
 
Deferred
Income Tax
(Liability)
Benefit
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Related To  Net
Unrealized
Investment
Gains (Losses)
 
 
(in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2012
 
$
505,100

 
$
(220,208
)
 
$
125,833

 
$
(143,646
)
 
$
267,079

Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period
 
(343,964
)
 

 

 
120,388

 
(223,576
)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
 
(38,034
)
 

 

 
13,312

 
(24,722
)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(1)
 
51

 

 

 
(18
)
 
33

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs
 

 
177,178

 

 
(62,012
)
 
115,166

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances
 

 

 
(122,540
)
 
42,889

 
(79,651
)
Balance, December 31, 2013
 
$
123,153

 
$
(43,030
)
 
$
3,293

 
$
(29,087
)
 
$
54,329

Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period
 
239,912

 

 

 
(83,969
)
 
155,943

Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
 
(18,488
)
 

 

 
6,471

 
(12,017
)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(1)
 

 

 

 

 

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs
 

 
(69,799
)
 

 
24,430

 
(45,369
)
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances
 

 

 
35,829

 
(12,540
)
 
23,289

Balance, December 31, 2014
 
$
344,577

 
$
(112,829
)
 
$
39,122

 
$
(94,695
)
 
$
176,175

Net investment gains (losses) on investments arising during the period
 
(223,082
)
 

 

 
78,078

 
(145,004
)
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in net income
 
(9,651
)
 

 

 
3,378

 
(6,273
)
Reclassification adjustment for OTTI losses excluded from net income(1)
 
(7
)
 

 

 
2

 
(5
)
Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on deferred policy acquisition costs and other costs
 

 
93,577

 

 
(32,752
)
 
60,825

Impact of net unrealized investment (gains) losses on future policy benefits and policyholders’ account balances
 

 

 
(36,475
)
 
12,766

 
(23,709
)
Balance, December 31, 2015
 
$
111,837

 
$
(19,252
)
 
$
2,647

 
$
(33,223
)
 
$
62,009

(1)
Represents "transfers in" related to the portion of OTTI losses recognized during the period that were not recognized in earnings for securities with no prior OTTI loss.
(2)
Includes cash flow hedges. See Note 10 for information on cash flow hedges.
(3)
Balances are net of reinsurance.

Unrealized Gains and (Losses) on Investments
The table below presents net unrealized gains (losses) on investments by asset class as of the dates indicated: 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturity securities on which an OTTI loss has been recognized
 
$
5,196

 
$
5,333

 
$
4,498

Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale—all other
 
59,930

 
322,358

 
107,970

Equity securities, available-for-sale
 
(2,636
)
 
619

 
204

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(1)
 
48,271

 
11,585

 
(4,701
)
Other investments
 
6,272

 
10,015

 
19,680

Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments
 
$
117,033

 
$
349,910

 
$
127,651

(1)
See Note 10 for more information on cash flow hedges.
Duration Of Gross Unrealized Losses On Fixed Maturity Securities Disclosures
The following table shows the fair value and gross unrealized losses aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual fixed maturity securities and equity securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31 for the years indicated:
 
 
 
2015
 
 
Less than twelve months
 
Twelve months or more
 
Total
 
 
Fair Value  
 
Gross
  Unrealized  
Losses
 
Fair Value  
 
Gross
  Unrealized  
Losses
 
Fair Value  
 
Gross
  Unrealized  
Losses
 
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government authorities and agencies
 
$
5,985

 
$
228

 
$

 
$

 
$
5,985

 
$
228

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
 
77,756

 
1,958

 

 

 
77,756

 
1,958

Foreign government bonds
 
44,854

 
1,940

 
1,813

 
851

 
46,667

 
2,791

Public utilities
 
323,086

 
13,151

 
26,094

 
5,251

 
349,180

 
18,402

All other U.S. public corporate securities
 
802,158

 
49,343

 
61,110

 
11,799

 
863,268

 
61,142

All other U.S. private corporate securities
 
323,218

 
12,476

 
17,103

 
1,487

 
340,321

 
13,963

All other foreign public corporate securities
 
121,662

 
5,098

 
6,079

 
1,410

 
127,741

 
6,508

All other foreign private corporate securities
 
284,191

 
14,234

 
154,791

 
28,439

 
438,982

 
42,673

Asset-backed securities
 
249,084

 
1,565

 
93,675

 
1,085

 
342,759

 
2,650

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
129,765

 
2,350

 
4,221

 
79

 
133,986

 
2,429

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
18,435

 
59

 
1,519

 
6

 
19,954

 
65

Total
 
$
2,380,194

 
$
102,402

 
$
366,405

 
$
50,407

 
$
2,746,599

 
$
152,809

Equity securities, available-for-sale
 
$
35,869

 
$
2,339

 
$
9,281

 
$
720

 
$
45,150

 
$
3,059

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2014(1)
 
 
Less than twelve months
 
Twelve months or more
 
Total
 
 
Fair Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. government authorities and agencies
 
$
994

 
$
1

 
$

 
$

 
$
994

 
$
1

Obligations of U.S. states and their political subdivisions
 
9,852

 
125

 
2,886

 
62

 
12,738

 
187

Foreign government bonds
 
2,246

 
14

 

 

 
2,246

 
14

Public utilities
 
30,974

 
1,618

 
45,756

 
1,670

 
76,730

 
3,288

All other U.S. public corporate securities
 
130,922

 
3,385

 
221,396

 
6,895

 
352,318

 
10,280

All other U.S. private corporate securities
 
73,317

 
1,475

 
26,781

 
631

 
100,098

 
2,106

All other foreign public corporate securities
 
15,768

 
1,019

 

 

 
15,768

 
1,020

All other foreign private corporate securities
 
136,341

 
7,315

 
12,808

 
237

 
149,149

 
7,551

Asset-backed securities
 
209,774

 
737

 
54,711

 
473

 
264,485

 
1,210

Commercial mortgage-backed securities
 
15,824

 
155

 
87,606

 
1,713

 
103,430

 
1,868

Residential mortgage-backed securities
 
776

 
11

 
3,878

 
14

 
4,654

 
25

Total
 
$
626,788

 
$
15,855

 
$
455,822

 
$
11,695

 
$
1,082,610

 
$
27,550

Equity securities, available-for-sale
 
$
14,706

 
$
295

 
$

 
$

 
$
14,706

 
$
295

(1)
Prior period amounts are presented on a basis consistent with the current period presentation.

Securities Pledged
At December 31, the carrying value of investments pledged to third parties as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position included the following:
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
 
(in thousands)
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale
 
$
38,421

 
$
63,100

Total securities pledged
 
$
38,421

 
$
63,100