Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2018

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts and transactions of PHH and its subsidiaries, as well as entities in which the Company directly or indirectly has a controlling interest and variable interest entities of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. PHH Home Loans, LLC (“PHH Home Loans”) and its subsidiaries are consolidated within the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for all periods presented. During the year ended December 31, 2017, Realogy Services Venture Partner LLC's, a subsidiary of Realogy Holdings Corp. ("Realogy"), ownership interest was presented as a noncontrolling interest. On March 19, 2018, the Company acquired Realogy’s 49.9% ownership interests, and PHH Home Loans became a wholly-owned subsidiary of PHH. As of June 30, 2018, the Company's only variable interest entity relates to the Servicing Advance Receivables Trust. Refer to Note 12, 'Variable Interest Entities' for additional information.

Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated from the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, those related to the valuation of mortgage servicing rights and the related secured liability, mortgage loans held for sale and other financial instruments, the estimation of liabilities for commitments and contingencies, mortgage loan repurchases and indemnifications and the determination of certain income tax assets and liabilities and associated valuation allowances. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Period and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted During the Period

ASU 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers." On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and all of the related amendments (the “new revenue standard”) using a modified retrospective approach applied to contracts which were not completed as of the adoption date. The core principle of the new revenue standard requires a Company to recognize revenue when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

A majority of the Company's revenues are not subject to the new revenue standard. The Company recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings, and the transition adjustment was not significant. Beginning on January 1, 2018, the results for reporting periods are presented under ASC 606 for contracts subject to the new revenue standard, while prior period amounts have not been adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with accounting standards in effect during those periods. Refer to Note 3, 'Revenues' for additional information.

ASU 2016-18, "Restricted Cash." On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2016-18 which requires amounts generally described as restricted cash to be included in the beginning and end-of-period total amounts shown in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 on a retrospective basis. As a result, the change in restricted cash is no longer presented as a separate line item within cash flows from investing activities since such balances have been included with total cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning and end-of-period amounts in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the Company's cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:



	June 30,
	2018		2017
	(In millions)
Cash and cash equivalents	$	453	$	940
Restricted cash ⁽¹⁾	41		60
Assets related to discontinued operations	1		76
Total Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	495	$	1,076

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⁽¹⁾	Represents amounts specifically designated to repay debt, provide additional collateral to support certain obligations with Fannie Mae, to provide over-collateralization within warehouse facilities and the servicing advance facility and to support letters of credit.

Other Adoptions. The Company also adopted the following accounting standards during 2018 with an effective date of January 1, 2018, none of which had a significant impact to the Company's financial statements or disclosures:



Accounting Standard Update
ASU 2017-09	Stock Compensation: Scope of Modification Accounting
ASU 2017-07	Retirement Benefits: Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost
ASU 2017-05	Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets
ASU 2017-01	Business Combinations: Clarifying the Definition of a Business
ASU 2016-15	Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments
ASU 2016-01	Financial Instruments—Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

There have been no significant developments to recently issued accounting standards, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and disclosures, from those included in the Company’s 2017 Form 10-K except for the following:

Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” This update revises an entity’s accounting for operating leases by a lessee, among other changes, and requires a lessee to recognize a liability to make lease payments and an asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term in the statement of financial position. Additionally, this update requires both qualitative and specific quantitative disclosures. In July 2018, the FASB subsequently amended this guidance by issuing ASU 2018-10, "Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases" and ASU 2018-11, "Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements" which provides clarification and further guidance on areas identified as potential implementation issues, as well as provides an additional transition method to allow entities to initially apply the new leasing guidance at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption.

These updates are effective for the first interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. At adoption, the Company expects to apply the new transition method provided in ASU 2018-11. While the Company is continuing to evaluate the effects that this guidance will have on its financial statements, it will result in the recognition of certain operating leases as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Revenue Recognition, Discontinued Operations ASC 606

Revenue from Contracts with Customers Subject to ASC 606

Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services are transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and contracts for which it recognizes revenue at the amount to which it has the right to invoice for services performed. There were no significant differences between the amounts of revenue recognized under ASC 606 compared to the amount that would have resulted from the application of previous standards.

The following descriptions represent the Company's accounting policies for significant revenue streams subject to the new revenue standard, all of which relate to discontinued operations:

•

Origination and other loan fees. The Company provided origination and fulfillment services to PLS clients under Origination Assistance Agreements ("OAA") through March 31, 2018, and the origination assistance fees associated with fee-based closings under these agreements are subject to the new revenue standard. The services performed under the OAA represent a stand-ready obligation, and the Company has applied the practical expedient to recognize revenue in the amount it has the right to invoice, which occurs at the time the loan is originated and funded. The right to invoice practical expedient is consistent with the historical accounting treatment of origination assistance fees in prior periods. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, within revenues from discontinued operations, Origination and other loans fees includes $2 million of origination assistance fees that were accounted for under ASC 606.

•

Other income. In connection with the exit of the PLS business, the Company is contractually required to provide certain transition support services to its clients, which includes the return of records and loan document images. The Company is entitled to certain transition support fees associated with these services, and the fees are recognized upon the transfer of control of the records and loan document images to the customer. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, within revenues from discontinued operations, Other income includes $1 million and $3 million, respectively, of transition support fees that were accounted for under ASC 606.

Discontinued Operations

The Company determined that the exits of the PLS business and Real Estate channel represented a strategic shift that met the criteria to be reported as discontinued operations upon completion of substantially all of the run-off activities of these businesses, which occurred during the three months ended March 31, 2018. Accordingly, the results of the PLS business and Real Estate channel have been presented as discontinued operations in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss), and are excluded from continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented. Certain corporate overhead costs that were previously allocated to the PLS business and Real Estate channel for segment reporting purposes were determined to not directly support the discontinued operations, and those costs are presented in continuing operations.

Commitments and Contingencies

A liability is established for legal and regulatory contingencies when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company recognizes legal costs associated with loss contingencies as they are incurred. In light of the inherent uncertainties involved in litigation, legal proceedings and other governmental and regulatory matters, it is not always possible to determine a reasonable estimate of the amount of a probable loss, and the Company may estimate a range of possible loss for consideration in its estimates. The estimates are based upon currently available information and involve significant judgment taking into account the varying stages and inherent uncertainties of such matters. Accordingly, the Company’s estimates may change from time to time and such changes may be material to the consolidated financial results.