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Loans, Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Loans, Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality [Abstract]  
Tabular disclosure of financing receivables bifurcated by type of impairment evaluation [Table Text Block]
The following tables bifurcate the amount of loans and the allowance allocated to each loan category based on the type of impairment analysis as of the periods indicated:
 
September 30, 2017
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Commercial and
Industrial
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Commercial
Construction
 
Small
Business
 
Residential
Real Estate
 

Home Equity
 
Other Consumer
 
Total
 
Financing receivables ending balance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment
$
823,007

 
$
3,060,211

 
$
395,267

 
$
129,676

 
$
735,454

 
$
1,045,445

 
$
9,550

 
$
6,198,610

  
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
35,515

 
$
19,018

 
$

 
$
980

 
$
13,649

 
$
6,636

 
$
322

 
$
76,120

  
Purchased credit impaired loans
$

 
$
7,931

 
$

 
$

 
$
7,027

 
$
214

 
$

 
$
15,172

 
Total loans by group
$
858,522

 
$
3,087,160

 
$
395,267

 
$
130,656

 
$
756,130

 
$
1,052,295

 
$
9,872

 
$
6,289,902

(1
)
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
 
Commercial and
Industrial
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Commercial
Construction
 
Small
Business
 
Residential
Real Estate
 

Home Equity
 
Other Consumer
 
Total
 
Financing receivables ending balance:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Collectively evaluated for impairment
$
862,875

 
$
2,983,642

 
$
320,391

 
$
121,855

 
$
622,392

 
$
982,095

 
$
10,666

 
$
5,903,916

 
Individually evaluated for impairment
$
39,178

 
$
16,813

 
$

 
$
871

 
$
14,175

 
$
5,863

 
$
397

 
$
77,297

  
Purchased credit impaired loans
$

 
$
10,343

 
$

 
$

 
$
7,859

 
$
189

 
$
1

 
$
18,392

 
Total loans by group
$
902,053

 
$
3,010,798

 
$
320,391

 
$
122,726

 
$
644,426

 
$
988,147

 
$
11,064

 
$
5,999,605

(1
)
 
(1)
The amount of net deferred costs on originated loans included in the ending balance was $5.6 million and $5.1 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Net unamortized discounts on acquired loans not deemed to be purchased credit impaired ("PCI") included in the ending balance was $9.8 million and $8.6 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Summary of changes in allowance for loan losses
The following tables summarize changes in allowance for loan losses by loan category for the periods indicated:

 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and
Industrial
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Commercial
Construction
 
Small
Business
 
Residential
Real Estate
 

Home Equity
 
Other Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
13,544

 
$
30,947

 
$
4,814

 
$
1,613

 
$
2,693

 
$
5,353

 
$
515

 
$
59,479

Charge-offs
(124
)
 

 

 
(164
)
 
(43
)
 
(81
)
 
(405
)
 
(817
)
Recoveries
404

 
286

 

 
17

 
15

 
65

 
261

 
1,048

Provision (benefit)
(994
)
 
(233
)
 
806

 
140

 
111

 
89

 
81

 

Ending balance
$
12,830

 
$
31,000

 
$
5,620

 
$
1,606

 
$
2,776

 
$
5,426

 
$
452

 
$
59,710

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and
Industrial
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Commercial
Construction
 
Small
Business
 
Residential
Real Estate
 

Home Equity
 
Other Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
14,027

 
$
29,011

 
$
5,216

 
$
1,441

 
$
2,578

 
$
4,986

 
$
468

 
$
57,727

Charge-offs
(27
)
 
(341
)
 

 
(98
)
 

 
(154
)
 
(523
)
 
(1,143
)
Recoveries
63

 
124

 

 
28

 
130

 
24

 
302

 
671

Provision (benefit)
(189
)
 
609

 
117

 
113

 
(44
)
 
196

 
148

 
950

Ending balance
$
13,874

 
$
29,403

 
$
5,333

 
$
1,484

 
$
2,664

 
$
5,052

 
$
395

 
$
58,205


 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and
Industrial
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Commercial
Construction
 
Small
Business
 
Residential
Real Estate
 

Home Equity
 
Other Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
16,921

 
$
30,369

 
$
4,522

 
$
1,502

 
$
2,621

 
$
5,238

 
$
393

 
$
61,566

Charge-offs
(3,715
)
 

 

 
(258
)
 
(182
)
 
(217
)
 
(1,151
)
 
(5,523
)
Recoveries
604

 
343

 

 
96

 
29

 
167

 
778

 
2,017

Provision (benefit)
(980
)
 
288

 
1,098

 
266

 
308

 
238

 
432

 
1,650

Ending balance
$
12,830

 
$
31,000

 
$
5,620

 
$
1,606

 
$
2,776

 
$
5,426

 
$
452

 
$
59,710

Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment
$
71

 
$
49

 
$

 
$
1

 
$
1,020

 
$
257

 
$
19

 
$
1,417

Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment
$
12,759

 
$
30,951

 
$
5,620

 
$
1,605

 
$
1,756

 
$
5,169

 
$
433

 
$
58,293

 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commercial and
Industrial
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Commercial
Construction
 
Small
Business
 
Residential
Real Estate
 

Home Equity
 
Other Consumer
 
Total
Allowance for loan losses
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Beginning balance
$
13,802

 
$
27,327

 
$
5,366

 
$
1,264

 
$
2,590

 
$
4,889

 
$
587

 
$
55,825

Charge-offs
(31
)
 
(365
)
 

 
(191
)
 
(27
)
 
(491
)
 
(1,152
)
 
(2,257
)
Recoveries
850

 
535

 

 
122

 
182

 
77

 
796

 
2,562

Provision (benefit)
(747
)
 
1,906

 
(33
)
 
289

 
(81
)
 
577

 
164

 
2,075

Ending balance
$
13,874

 
$
29,403

 
$
5,333

 
$
1,484

 
$
2,664

 
$
5,052

 
$
395

 
$
58,205

Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment
$
134

 
$
355

 
$

 
$
2

 
$
1,156

 
$
223

 
$
23

 
$
1,893

Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment
$
13,740

 
$
29,048

 
$
5,333

 
$
1,482

 
$
1,508

 
$
4,829

 
$
372

 
$
56,312

Internal risk-rating categories for the Company's commercial portfolio
The following table details the amount of outstanding principal balances relative to each of the risk-rating categories for the Company’s commercial portfolio:
 
 
 
September 30, 2017
Category
Risk
Rating
 
Commercial  and
Industrial
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Commercial
Construction
 
Small Business
 
Total
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Pass
1 - 6
 
$
764,946

 
$
2,968,237

 
$
393,836

 
$
128,464

 
$
4,255,483

Potential weakness
7
 
23,477

 
73,219

 

 
1,543

 
98,239

Definite weakness-loss unlikely
8
 
63,856

 
45,240

 
1,431

 
646

 
111,173

Partial loss probable
9
 
6,243

 
464

 

 
3

 
6,710

Definite loss
10
 

 

 

 

 

Total
 
 
$
858,522

 
$
3,087,160

 
$
395,267

 
$
130,656

 
$
4,471,605


 
 
 
December 31, 2016
Category
Risk
Rating
 
Commercial  and
Industrial
 
Commercial
Real Estate
 
Commercial
Construction
 
Small Business
 
Total
 
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Pass
1 - 6
 
$
783,825

 
$
2,876,570

 
$
317,099

 
$
120,304

 
$
4,097,798

Potential weakness
7
 
46,176

 
84,641

 
1,363

 
1,859

 
134,039

Definite weakness-loss unlikely
8
 
71,991

 
47,164

 
1,929

 
556

 
121,640

Partial loss probable
9
 
61

 
2,423

 

 
7

 
2,491

Definite loss
10
 

 

 

 

 

Total
 
 
$
902,053

 
$
3,010,798

 
$
320,391

 
$
122,726

 
$
4,355,968

Weighted average FICO scores and the weighted average combined LTV ratio
The following table shows the weighted average FICO scores and the weighted average combined LTV ratios as of the periods indicated below:
 
September 30,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
Residential portfolio
 
 
 
FICO score (re-scored)(1)
745

 
743

LTV (re-valued)(2)
61.0
%
 
63.2
%
Home equity portfolio
 
 
 
FICO score (re-scored)(1)
766

 
767

LTV (re-valued)(2)
55.9
%
 
55.9
%
 
(1)
The average FICO scores for September 30, 2017 are based upon rescores available from August 31, 2017 and origination score data for loans booked between September 1, 2017 and September 30, 2017. The average FICO scores for December 31, 2016 are based upon rescores available from November 30, 2016 and origination score data for loans booked between December 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016.
(2)
The combined LTV ratios for September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are based upon updated automated valuations as of March 31, 2015 and origination value data for loans booked between April 1, 2015 and through the dates indicated. For home equity loans and lines in a subordinate lien position, the LTV data represents a combined LTV, taking into account the senior lien data for loans and lines.
Summary of nonaccrual loans
The following table shows information regarding nonaccrual loans at the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial
$
32,556

 
$
37,455

Commercial real estate
3,052

 
6,266

Small business
403

 
302

Residential real estate
8,297

 
7,782

Home equity
5,903

 
5,553

Other consumer
59

 
47

Total nonaccrual loans (1)
$
50,270

 
$
57,405



(1)
Included in these amounts were $5.8 million and $5.2 million of nonaccruing TDRs at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Foreclosed Residential Real Estate Property [Table Text Block]
The following table shows information regarding foreclosed residential real estate property at the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Foreclosed residential real estate property held by the creditor
$
2,538

 
$
3,775

Recorded investment in mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in the process of foreclosure
$
1,608

 
$
1,715

Age analysis of past due financing receivables
The following table shows the age analysis of past due financing receivables as of the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2017
 
30-59 days
 
60-89 days
 
90 days or more
 
Total Past Due
 
 
 
Total
Financing
Receivables
 
Recorded
Investment
>90 Days
and  Accruing
 
Number
of Loans
 
Principal
Balance
 
Number
of Loans
 
Principal
Balance
 
Number
of Loans
 
Principal
Balance
 
Number
of Loans
 
Principal
Balance
 
Current
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Loan Portfolio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
12

 
$
839

 
2

 
$
315

 
45

 
$
32,490

 
59

 
$
33,644

 
$
824,878

 
$
858,522

 
$

Commercial real estate
10

 
4,413

 

 

 
8

 
1,755

 
18

 
6,168

 
3,080,992

 
3,087,160

 

Commercial construction
1

 
566

 

 

 

 

 
1

 
566

 
394,701

 
395,267

 

Small business
11

 
130

 
5

 
14

 
17

 
107

 
33

 
251

 
130,405

 
130,656

 

Residential real estate
12

 
1,125

 
10

 
2,392

 
20

 
2,843

 
42

 
6,360

 
749,770

 
756,130

 

Home equity
20

 
1,016

 
9

 
516

 
20

 
2,559

 
49

 
4,091

 
1,048,204

 
1,052,295

 

Other consumer (1)
229

 
226

 
10

 
38

 
12

 
14

 
251

 
278

 
9,594

 
9,872

 
7

Total
295

 
$
8,315

 
36

 
$
3,275

 
122

 
$
39,768

 
453

 
$
51,358

 
$
6,238,544

 
$
6,289,902

 
$
7

 
December 31, 2016
 
30-59 days
 
60-89 days
 
90 days or more
 
Total Past Due
 
 
 
Total
Financing
Receivables
 
Recorded
Investment
>90 Days
and Accruing
 
Number
of Loans
 
Principal
Balance
 
Number
of Loans
 
Principal
Balance
 
Number
of Loans
 
Principal
Balance
 
Number
of Loans
 
Principal
Balance
 
Current
 
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Loan Portfolio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
8

 
$
100

 
32

 
$
253

 
6

 
$
2,480

 
46

 
$
2,833

 
$
899,220

 
$
902,053

 
$

Commercial real estate
5

 
1,518

 
8

 
1,957

 
8

 
3,105

 
21

 
6,580

 
3,004,218

 
3,010,798

 

Commercial construction

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 
320,391

 
320,391

 

Small business
9

 
323

 

 

 
19

 
140

 
28

 
463

 
122,263

 
122,726

 

Residential real estate
11

 
1,277

 
9

 
1,950

 
27

 
3,507

 
47

 
6,734

 
637,692

 
644,426

 

Home equity
19

 
1,117

 
11

 
767

 
16

 
1,209

 
46

 
3,093

 
985,054

 
988,147

 

Other consumer (1)
249

 
184

 
12

 
17

 
15

 
7

 
276

 
208

 
10,856

 
11,064

 
2

Total
301

 
$
4,519

 
72

 
$
4,944

 
91

 
$
10,448

 
464

 
$
19,911

 
$
5,979,694

 
$
5,999,605

 
$
2



(1) Other consumer portfolio is inclusive of deposit account overdrafts recorded as loan balances.
Summary of Troubled Debt Restructuring and other pertinent information
The following table shows the Company’s total TDRs and other pertinent information as of the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(Dollars in thousands)
TDRs on accrual status
$
26,731

 
$
27,093

TDRs on nonaccrual
5,776

 
5,199

Total TDRs
$
32,507

 
$
32,292

Amount of specific reserves included in the allowance for loan losses associated with TDRs
$
1,417

 
$
1,417

Additional commitments to lend to a borrower who has been a party to a TDR
$
1,084

 
$
1,378

Change in investment recorded subsequent to modifications
The following table shows the modifications which occurred during the periods indicated and the change in the recorded investment subsequent to the modifications occurring:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2017
 
September 30, 2017
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment (1)
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment (1)
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Troubled debt restructurings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
1

 
$
196

 
$
196

 
9

 
$
1,575

 
$
1,575

Commercial real estate

 

 

 
6

 
1,884

 
1,884

Small business
2

 
183

 
183

 
10

 
447

 
447

Residential real estate

 

 

 
5

 
889

 
900

Home equity
4

 
436

 
436

 
14

 
1,427

 
1,430

Total
7

 
$
815

 
$
815

 
44

 
$
6,222

 
$
6,236

 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2016
 
September 30, 2016
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment (1)
 
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment (1)
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Troubled debt restructurings
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial

 
$

 
$

 
7

 
$
528

 
$
528

Commercial real estate
3

 
986

 
986

 
9

 
2,329

 
2,329

Small business
1

 
59

 
59

 
3

 
168

 
168

Residential real estate

 

 

 
5

 
1,167

 
1,209

Home equity
4

 
328

 
328

 
8

 
632

 
632

Other consumer

 

 

 
5

 
107

 
107

Total
8

 
$
1,373

 
$
1,373

 
37

 
$
4,931

 
$
4,973

 
(1)
The post-modification balances represent the legal principal balance of the loan on the date of modification. These amounts may show an increase when modifications include a capitalization of interest.
Post modification balance of Troubled Debt Restructuring
The following table shows the Company’s post-modification balance of TDRs listed by type of modification during the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Extended maturity
$
486

 
$
256

 
$
4,565

 
$
2,638

Adjusted interest rate

 

 

 
92

Combination rate and maturity
196

 
730

 
196

 
990

Court ordered concession
133

 
387

 
1,475

 
1,253

Total
$
815

 
$
1,373

 
$
6,236

 
$
4,973

Impaired loans by loan portfolio
The tables below set forth information regarding the Company’s impaired loans by loan portfolio at the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2017
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
33,824

 
$
38,181

 
$

Commercial real estate
14,462

 
15,476

 

Small business
678

 
762

 

Residential real estate
3,908

 
4,066

 

Home equity
4,880

 
4,984

 

Other consumer
97

 
97

 

Subtotal
57,849

 
63,566

 

With an allowance recorded
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
1,691

 
$
1,691

 
$
71

Commercial real estate
4,556

 
4,670

 
49

Small business
302

 
315

 
1

Residential real estate
9,741

 
10,421

 
1,020

Home equity
1,756

 
1,977

 
257

Other consumer
225

 
227

 
19

Subtotal
18,271

 
19,301

 
1,417

Total
$
76,120

 
$
82,867

 
$
1,417

 
December 31, 2016
 
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
28,776

 
$
29,772

 
$

Commercial real estate
11,628

 
12,891

 

Small business
494

 
569

 

Residential real estate
4,216

 
4,427

 

Home equity
4,485

 
4,572

 

Other consumer
146

 
146

 

Subtotal
49,745

 
52,377

 

With an allowance recorded
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
10,402

 
$
10,440

 
$
3,661

Commercial real estate
5,185

 
5,533

 
196

Small business
377

 
392

 
8

Residential real estate
9,959

 
10,530

 
1,086

Home equity
1,378

 
1,547

 
242

Other consumer
251

 
252

 
21

Subtotal
27,552

 
28,694

 
5,214

Total
$
77,297

 
$
81,071

 
$
5,214

Interest income recognized on impaired loans
The following tables set forth information regarding interest income recognized on impaired loans, by portfolio, for the periods indicated:
 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2017
 
September 30, 2017
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
33,935

 
$
18

 
$
36,329

 
$
179

Commercial real estate
14,569

 
151

 
14,798

 
460

Small business
682

 
5

 
702

 
17

Residential real estate
3,928

 
51

 
3,962

 
152

Home equity
4,883

 
50

 
4,935

 
146

Other consumer
99

 
2

 
104

 
5

Subtotal
58,096

 
277

 
60,830

 
959

With an allowance recorded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
1,698

 
$
21

 
$
1,768

 
$
65

Commercial real estate
4,569

 
65

 
4,599

 
195

Small business
305

 
3

 
315

 
11

Residential real estate
9,752

 
79

 
9,838

 
234

Home equity
1,765

 
14

 
1,782

 
41

Other consumer
229

 
2

 
237

 
5

Subtotal
18,318

 
184

 
18,539

 
551

Total
$
76,414

 
$
461

 
$
79,369

 
$
1,510



 
Three Months Ended
 
Nine Months Ended
 
September 30, 2016
 
September 30, 2016
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
(Dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
2,444

 
$
16

 
$
2,584

 
$
48

Commercial real estate
11,549

 
115

 
11,775

 
348

Small business
646

 
5

 
679

 
18

Residential real estate
4,255

 
42

 
4,286

 
134

Home equity
4,616

 
45

 
4,677

 
138

Other consumer
162

 
3

 
168

 
9

Subtotal
23,672

 
226

 
24,169

 
695

With an allowance recorded
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial and industrial
$
2,097

 
$
4

 
$
2,135

 
$
13

Commercial real estate
6,854

 
42

 
6,977

 
126

Small business
367

 
6

 
384

 
17

Residential real estate
10,004

 
92

 
10,071

 
272

Home equity
1,299

 
13

 
1,310

 
36

Other consumer
265

 
2

 
272

 
6

Subtotal
20,886

 
159

 
21,149

 
470

Total
$
44,558

 
$
385

 
$
45,318

 
$
1,165

Certain Loans Acquired In Transfer Accounted For As Debt Securities Acquired During Period
The following table displays certain information pertaining to PCI loans at the dates indicated:
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Outstanding balance
$
17,025

 
$
20,477

Carrying amount
$
15,172

 
$
18,392

Certain Loans Acquired in Transfer Accounted for as Debt Securities, Accretable Yield Movement Schedule
The following table summarizes activity in the accretable yield for the PCI loan portfolio:
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Beginning balance
$
2,185

 
$
2,625

 
$
2,370

 
$
2,827

Accretion
(359
)
 
(359
)
 
(968
)
 
(1,188
)
Other change in expected cash flows (1)
167

 
213

 
573

 
744

Reclassification from nonaccretable difference for loans which have paid off (2)
70

 

 
88

 
96

Ending balance
$
2,063

 
$
2,479

 
$
2,063

 
$
2,479



(1) Represents changes in cash flows expected to be collected and resulting in increased interest income as a prospective yield adjustment over the remaining life of the loan(s).
(2) Results in increased interest income during the period in which the loan paid off at amount greater than originally expected.