497 1 d497.htm MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND Merrill Lynch New York Municipal Bond Fund

 

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  www.mlim.ml.com

 

Prospectus

 

January 27, 2004

 

Merrill Lynch New York Municipal Bond Fund

of Merrill Lynch Multi-State Municipal Series Trust

 

 

This Prospectus contains information you should know before investing, including information about risks. Please read it before you invest and keep it for future reference.

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.


 

Table of Contents

 

 

        PAGE
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KEY FACTS


 

Merrill Lynch New York Municipal Bond Fund at a Glance

  3
   

Risk/Return Bar Chart

  5
   

Fees and Expenses

  7
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DETAILS ABOUT THE FUND


 

How the Fund Invests

  9
   

Investment Risks

  10
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YOUR ACCOUNT


 

Merrill Lynch Select PricingSM System

  16
   

How to Buy, Sell, Transfer and Exchange Shares

  22
   

Participation in Fee-Based Programs

  26
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MANAGEMENT OF THE FUND


 

Fund Asset Management

  29
   

Financial Highlights

  30
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FOR MORE INFORMATION


 

Shareholder Reports

  Back Cover
   

Statement of Additional Information

  Back Cover

 

     MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

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Key Facts

 

 

In an effort to help you better understand the many concepts involved in making an investment decision, we have defined highlighted terms in this prospectus in the sidebar.

 

Investment Grade — any of the four highest debt obligation ratings by recognized rating agencies, including Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., Standard & Poor’s or Fitch Ratings.

 

New York Municipal Bond — a debt obligation issued by or on behalf of a governmental entity in New York State or New York City or other qualifying issuer that pays interest exempt from New York State and New York City personal income taxes as well as from Federal income tax.

 

MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND AT A GLANCE


 

 

What is the Fund’s investment objective?

The investment objective of the Fund is to provide shareholders with income exempt from Federal income tax and New York State and New York City personal income taxes.

 

What are the Fund’s main investment strategies?

The Fund invests primarily in a portfolio of long term investment grade New York municipal bonds. These may be obligations of a variety of issuers including governmental entities in New York and issuers located in Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its assets in New York municipal bonds. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in high yield bonds (also known as “junk” bonds); however, the Fund will not invest in bonds that at the time of purchase are in default or that Fund management believes will be in default. When choosing investments, Fund management considers various factors, including the credit quality of issuers, yield analysis, maturity analysis and the call features of the obligations. Under normal conditions, the Fund’s weighted average maturity will be more than ten years.

 

What are the main risks of investing in the Fund?

The Fund cannot guarantee that it will achieve its objective.

 

As with any fund, the value of the Fund’s investments — and, therefore, the value of Fund shares — may fluctuate. These changes may occur in response to interest rate changes or other developments that may affect the municipal bond market generally or a particular issuer or obligation. Generally, when interest rates go up, the value of debt instruments like municipal bonds goes down. Also, Fund management may select securities that underperform the bond markets, the relevant indices or other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies. Prices of longer term securities generally change more in response to interest rate changes than prices of shorter term securities. If the value of the Fund’s investments goes down, you may lose money.

 

In addition, since the Fund invests at least 80% of its assets in New York municipal bonds, it is more exposed to negative political or economic factors in New York than a fund that invests more widely.

 

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Who should invest?

Investors should consider their own investment goals, time horizon and risk tolerance before investing in the Fund. An investment in the Fund may not be appropriate for all investors and is not intended to be a complete investment program. The Fund may be an appropriate investment for you if you:

 

  Ÿ   Are looking for income that is exempt from Federal income tax and from New York State and New York City personal income taxes

 

  Ÿ   Want a professionally managed portfolio without the administrative burdens of direct investments in municipal bonds

 

  Ÿ   Are looking for liquidity

 

  Ÿ   Can tolerate the risk of loss caused by negative political or economic developments in New York, changes in interest rates or adverse changes in the price of bonds in general

 

4    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

RISK/RETURN BAR CHART


 

 

The bar chart and table shown below provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows changes in the Fund’s performance for Class B shares for each of the past ten calendar years. Sales charges are not reflected in the bar chart. If these amounts were reflected, returns would be less than those shown. The table compares the average annual total returns for each class of the Fund’s shares for the periods shown with those of the Lehman Brothers Municipal Bond Index, a broad measure of market performance. How the Fund performed in the past (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.

 

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During the period shown in the bar chart, the highest return for a quarter was 6.38% (quarter ended March 31, 1995) and the lowest return for a quarter was -6.80% (quarter ended March 31, 1994). The year-to-date return as of December 31, 2003 was 3.40%.

 

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After-tax returns are shown only for Class B shares and will vary for other classes. The after-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest marginal Federal individual income tax rates in effect during the periods measured and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Actual after-tax returns depend on an investor’s tax situation and may differ from those shown. The after-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts or tax advantaged education savings accounts.

 

Average Annual Total Returns
(for the periods ended December 31, 2003)
  One
Year
   Five
Years
   Ten Years/
Life of Fund
 

Merrill Lynch New York Municipal

Bond Fund — Class A

               

Return Before Taxes**

  -0.42%    3.39%    5.29%

Merrill Lynch New York Municipal

Bond Fund — Class B

               

Return Before Taxes**

  -0.56%    3.48%    4.11%  

Return After Taxes on Distributions**

  -0.57%    3.47%    4.04%  

Return After Taxes on Distributions and

Sale of Fund Shares**

  1.20%    3.58%    4.12%  

Merrill Lynch New York Municipal

Bond Fund — Class C

               

Return Before Taxes**

  2.22%    3.71%    5.23%

Merrill Lynch New York Municipal

Bond Fund — Class I*

               

Return Before Taxes**

          -0.24%            3.51%            4.22%  

Lehman Brothers Municipal Bond Index***

  5.31%    5.83%   

6.03%

7.25%

/

††


    *   Prior to April 14, 2003, Class A shares were designated Class D and Class I shares were designated Class A.
  **   Includes all applicable fees and sales charges.
***   This unmanaged Index consists of long term revenue bonds, prerefunded bonds, general obligation bonds and insured bonds. Performance of the index does not reflect the deduction of fees, expenses or taxes. Past performance is not predictive of future performance.
    †   Class inception date is October 21, 1994.
  ††   Ten years and since October 31, 1994.

 

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FEES AND EXPENSES


 

UNDERSTANDING EXPENSES

Fund investors pay various fees and expenses, either directly or indirectly. Listed below are some of the main types of expenses that the Fund may charge:

 

Expenses paid directly by the shareholder:

Shareholder Fees —  these include sales charges that you may pay when you buy or sell shares of the Fund.

 

Expenses paid indirectly by the shareholder:

Annual Fund Operating Expenses — expenses that cover the costs of operating the Fund.

 

Management Fee — a fee paid to the Manager for managing the Fund.

 

Distribution Fees — fees used to support the Fund’s marketing and distribution efforts, such as compensating financial advisers and other financial intermediaries, advertising and promotion.

 

Service (Account Maintenance) Fees — fees used to compensate securities dealers and other financial intermediaries for account maintenance activities.

 

The Fund offers four different classes of shares. Although your money will be invested the same way no matter which class of shares you buy, there are differences among the fees and expenses associated with each class. Not everyone is eligible to buy every class. After determining which classes you are eligible to buy, decide which class best suits your needs. Your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor can help you with this decision.

 

This table shows the different fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold the different classes of shares of the Fund. Future expenses may be greater or less than those indicated below.

 

Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your
investment)(a):
   Class A*    Class B(b)    Class C    Class I*

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) imposed on purchases (as a percentage of offering price)

   4.00%(c)    None    None    4.00%(c)

Maximum Deferred Sales Charge (Load) (as a percentage of original purchase price or redemption proceeds, whichever is lower)

   None(d)    4.00%(c)    1.00%(c)    None(d)

Maximum Sales Charge (Load) imposed on Dividend Reinvestments

   None    None    None    None

Redemption Fee

   None    None    None    None

Exchange Fee

   None    None    None    None

Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that are deducted from Fund assets):

                   

Management Fee

   0.55%    0.55%    0.55%    0.55%

Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees(e)

   0.10%    0.50%    0.60%    None

Other Expenses (including transfer agency fees)(f)

   0.19%    0.20%    0.20%    0.19%

Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses

   0.84%    1.25%    1.35%    0.74%

* Prior to April 14, 2003, Class A shares were designated Class D and Class I shares were designated Class A.
(a) In addition, Merrill Lynch may charge clients a processing fee (currently $5.35) when a client buys or redeems shares. See “Your Account — How to Buy, Sell, Transfer and Exchange Shares.”
(b) Class B shares automatically convert to Class A shares approximately ten years after you buy them and will no longer be subject to distribution fees and will pay lower account maintenance fees.
(c) Some investors may qualify for reductions in or waivers of the sales charge (load).
(d) You may pay a deferred sales charge if you purchase $1 million or more and you redeem within one year.
(e) The Fund calls the “Service Fee” an “Account Maintenance Fee.” Account Maintenance Fee is the term used elsewhere in this Prospectus and in all other Fund materials. If you hold Class B or Class C shares over time, it may cost you more in distribution and account maintenance (12b-1) fees than the maximum sales charge that you would have paid if you had bought one of the other classes.

(footnotes continued on next page)

 

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(footnotes continued from previous page)

(f) Financial Data Services, Inc., an affiliate of the Manager, provides transfer agency services to the Fund. The Fund pays a fee for these services. The Manager or its affiliates also provide certain accounting services to the Fund and the Fund reimburses the Manager or its affiliates for such services.

 

Examples:

 

These examples are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds.

 

These examples assume that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated, that your investment has a 5% return each year, that you pay the sales charges, if any, that apply to the particular class and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. These assumptions are not meant to indicate you will receive a 5% annual rate of return. Your annual return may be more or less than the 5% used in these examples. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:

 

EXPENSES IF YOU DID REDEEM YOUR SHARES:

 

     1 Year      3 Years      5 Years      10 Years

Class A*

   $482      $657      $847      $1,396

Class B

   $527      $697      $886      $1,511

Class C

   $237      $428      $739      $1,624

Class I*

   $473      $627      $795      $1,282

 

EXPENSES IF YOU DID NOT REDEEM YOUR SHARES:

 

       1 Year      3 Years      5 Years      10 Years

Class A*

     $482      $657      $847      $1,396

Class B

     $127      $397      $686      $1,511

Class C

     $137      $428      $739      $1,624

Class I*

     $473      $627      $795      $1,282

 

* Prior to April 14, 2003, Class A shares were designated Class D and Class I shares were designated Class A.

 

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Details About the Fund

 

 

 

 

 

HOW THE FUND INVESTS


 

 

The Fund’s investment objective is to seek income that is exempt from Federal income tax and New York State and New York City personal income taxes.

 

Outlined below are the main strategies the Fund uses in seeking to achieve its investment objective.

 

The Fund invests primarily in long term, investment grade New York municipal bonds. These may be obligations of a variety of issuers including governmental entities or other qualifying issuers. Issuers may be located in New York or in other qualifying jurisdictions such as Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam.

 

Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its assets in New York municipal bonds. The Fund may invest in either fixed rate or variable rate obligations. At least 80% of the Fund’s assets will be invested in investment grade securities.

 

Under normal conditions, the Fund’s weighted average maturity will be more than ten years.

 

New York’s economy is influenced by numerous factors including developments in the banking, finance, insurance, transportation, communications and service employment industries. New York’s economy relies less on manufacturing than does the nation as a whole. Fund management does not believe that current economic conditions in New York will have a significant adverse effect on the Fund’s ability to continue to invest in high quality New York municipal bonds.

 

Fund management considers a variety of factors when choosing investments, such as:

 

  Ÿ   Credit Quality of Issuers — based on bond ratings and other factors including economic and financial conditions.

 

  Ÿ   Yield Analysis — takes into account factors such as the different yields available on different types of obligations and the shape of the yield curve (longer term obligations typically have higher yields).

 

  Ÿ   Maturity Analysis — the weighted average maturity of the portfolio will be maintained within a desirable range as determined from time to time. Factors considered include portfolio activity, maturity of the supply of available bonds and the shape of the yield curve.

 

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ABOUT THE PORTFOLIO MANAGER

Robert D. Sneeden has been Vice President and the Portfolio Manager of the Fund since 2003. Mr. Sneeden has been a Vice President of Merrill Lynch Investment Managers since 1998 and was an Assistant Vice President and Portfolio Manager from 1994 to 1998. Mr. Sneeden has been a portfolio manager with Merrill Lynch Investment Managers since 1994.

 

ABOUT THE MANAGER

The Fund is managed by Fund Asset Management.

 

 

 

In addition, Fund management considers the availability of features that protect against an early call of a bond by the issuer.

 

Other Strategies. In addition to the main strategies discussed above, the Fund may use certain other investment strategies:

 

The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in high yield (“junk”) bonds. These bonds are generally more speculative and involve greater price fluctuations than investment grade securities.

 

For temporary periods, the Fund may invest up to 35% of its assets in short term tax exempt or taxable money market obligations, although the Fund will generally not invest more than 20% of its net assets in taxable money market obligations. As a temporary measure for defensive purposes, the Fund may invest without limitation in short term tax exempt or taxable money market obligations. These short term investments may limit the potential for the Fund to achieve its objective.

 

The Fund may use derivatives including futures, options, indexed securities, inverse securities and swap agreements. Derivatives are financial instruments whose value is derived from another security or an index such as the Lehman Brothers Municipal Bond Index. Derivatives may be volatile and subject to liquidity, leverage and credit risks.

 

The Fund may also invest uninvested cash balances in affiliated money market funds.

 

The Fund’s investments may include private activity bonds that may subject certain shareholders to a Federal alternative minimum tax.

 

INVESTMENT RISKS


 

This section contains a summary discussion of the general risks of investing in the Fund. As with any fund, there can be no guarantee that the Fund will meet its objective or that the Fund’s performance will be positive for any period of time.

 

Set forth below are the main risks of investing in the Fund:

 

Market Risk and Selection Risk — Market risk is the risk that the bond market will go down in value, including the possibility that the market will go

 

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down sharply and unpredictably. Selection risk is the risk that the securities that Fund management selects will underperform the bond markets, the relevant indices or other funds with similar investment objectives and investment strategies.

 

Credit Risk — Credit risk is the risk that the issuer will be unable to pay the interest or principal when due. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating may also adversely affect the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities.

 

Interest Rate Risk — Interest rate risk is the risk that prices of municipal bonds generally increase when interest rates decline and decrease when interest rates increase. Prices of longer term securities generally change more in response to interest rate changes than prices of shorter term securities.

 

State Specific Risk — The Fund invests primarily in New York municipal bonds. As a result, the Fund is more exposed to risks affecting issuers of New York municipal bonds than is a municipal bond fund that invests more widely. New York State, New York City and other New York public bodies have sometimes encountered financial difficulties of a type that could have an adverse effect on the performance of the Fund. Historically, declines in the stock market are followed by declines in personal income tax payments as tax liability associated with market transactions declines.

 

Call and Redemption Risk — A bond’s issuer may call a bond for redemption before it matures. If this happens to a bond the Fund holds, the Fund may lose income and may have to invest the proceeds in bonds with lower yields.

 

General Obligation Bonds — The faith, credit and taxing power of the issuer of a general obligation bond secures payment of interest and repayment of principal. Timely payments depend on the issuer’s credit quality, ability to raise tax revenues and ability to maintain an adequate tax base.

 

Revenue Bonds — Payments of interest and principal on revenue bonds are made only from the revenues generated by a particular facility, class of facilities or the proceeds of a special tax or other revenue source. These payments depend on the money earned by the particular facility or class of facilities. Industrial development bonds are one type of revenue bond.

 

Industrial Development Bonds — Municipalities and other public authorities issue industrial development bonds to finance development of industrial

 

    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND   11


 

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facilities for use by a private enterprise. The private enterprise pays the principal and interest on the bond, and the issuer does not pledge its faith, credit and taxing power for repayment. If the private enterprise defaults on its payments, the Fund may not receive any income or get its money back from the investment.

 

Moral Obligation Bonds — Moral obligation bonds are generally issued by special purpose public authorities of a state or municipality. If the issuer is unable to meet its obligations, repayment of these bonds becomes a moral commitment, but not a legal obligation, of the state or municipality.

 

Municipal Notes — Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, the notes may not be fully repaid and the Fund may lose money.

 

Municipal Lease Obligations — In a municipal lease obligation, the issuer agrees to make payments when due on the lease obligation. The issuer will generally appropriate municipal funds for that purpose, but is not obligated to do so. Although the issuer does not pledge its unlimited taxing power for payment of the lease obligation, the lease obligation is secured by the leased property. However, it may be difficult to sell the property and the proceeds of a sale may not cover the Fund’s loss.

 

In addition to the main risks outlined above, the Fund may also be subject to certain other risks associated with its investments and investment strategies, including:

 

Insured Municipal Bonds — Bonds purchased by the Fund may be covered by insurance that guarantees timely interest payments and repayment of principal on maturity. If a bond’s insurer fails to fulfill its obligations or loses its credit rating, the value of the bond could drop. Insured bonds are subject to market risk.

 

Borrowing and Leverage Risk — The Fund may borrow for temporary emergency purposes including to meet redemptions. Borrowing may exaggerate changes in the net asset value of Fund shares and in the yield on the Fund’s portfolio. Borrowing will cost the Fund interest expense and other fees. The costs of borrowing may reduce the Fund’s return. Certain securities that the Fund buys may create leverage including, for example, when issued securities, forward commitments and options.

 

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Junk Bonds — Junk bonds are debt securities that are rated below investment grade by the major rating agencies or are unrated securities that Fund management believes are of comparable quality. The Fund does not intend to purchase debt securities that are in default or that Fund management believes will be in default. Although junk bonds generally pay higher rates of interest than investment grade bonds, they are high risk investments that may cause income and principal losses for the Fund. Junk bonds generally are less liquid and experience more price volatility than higher rated debt securities. The issuers of junk bonds may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade bonds. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of junk bond holders, leaving few or no assets available to repay junk bond holders. Junk bonds may be subject to greater call and redemption risk than higher rated debt securities.

 

When Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments — When issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery to the Fund. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party will not meet its obligation, in which case the Fund loses the investment opportunity of the assets it has set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price.

 

Variable Rate Demand Obligations — Variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs) are floating rate securities that combine an interest in a long term municipal bond with a right to demand payment before maturity from a bank or other financial institution. If the bank or financial institution is unable to pay, the Fund may lose money.

 

Illiquid Securities — The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities that it cannot easily sell within seven days at current value. If the Fund buys illiquid securities it may be unable to quickly sell them or may be able to sell them only at a price below current value.

 

Derivatives — The Fund may use derivative instruments including indexed and inverse securities, options on portfolio positions, options on securities or other financial indices, financial futures and options on such futures and swap agreements. Derivatives allow the Fund to increase or decrease its risk exposure more quickly and efficiently than other types of instruments.

 

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Derivatives are volatile and involve significant risks, including:

 

  Ÿ   Credit Risk — the risk that the counterparty (the party on the other side of the transaction) on a derivative transaction will be unable to honor its financial obligation to the Fund.

 

  Ÿ   Leverage Risk — the risk associated with certain types of investments or trading strategies that relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.

 

  Ÿ   Liquidity Risk — the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently worth.

 

The Fund may use derivatives for hedging purposes including anticipatory hedges. Hedging is a strategy in which the Fund uses a derivative to offset the risks associated with other Fund holdings. While hedging can reduce losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains or cause losses if the market moves in a different manner than anticipated by the Fund or if the cost of the derivative outweighs the benefit of the hedge. Hedging also involves the risk that changes in the value of the derivative will not match those of the holdings being hedged as expected by the Fund, in which case any losses on the holdings being hedged may not be reduced and may be increased. There can be no assurance that the Fund’s hedging strategy will reduce risk or that hedging transactions will be either available or cost effective. The Fund is not required to use hedging and may choose not to do so.

 

Indexed and Inverse Floating Rate Securities — The Fund may invest in securities whose potential returns are directly related to changes in an underlying index or interest rate, known as indexed securities. The return on indexed securities will rise when the underlying index or interest rate rises and fall when the index or interest rate falls. The Fund may also invest in securities whose return is inversely related to changes in an interest rate (inverse floaters). In general, income on inverse floaters will decrease when short-term interest rates increase and increase when short-term interest rates decrease. Investments in inverse floaters may subject the Fund to the risks of reduced or eliminated interest payments and losses of principal. In addition, certain indexed securities and inverse floaters may increase or decrease in value at a greater rate than the underlying interest rate, which effectively leverages the

 

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Fund’s investment. As a result, the market value of such securities will generally be more volatile than that of fixed rate, tax exempt securities. Indexed securities and inverse floaters are derivative securities and can be considered speculative.

 

STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION


 

If you would like further information about the Fund, including how it invests, please see the Statement of Additional Information.

 

    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND   15


 

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Your Account

 

 

MERRILL LYNCH SELECT PRICINGSM SYSTEM


 

 

The Fund offers four share classes, each with its own sales charge and expense structure, allowing you to invest in the way that best suits your needs. Each share class represents an ownership interest in the same investment portfolio. When you choose your class of shares you should consider the size of your investment and how long you plan to hold your shares. Your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor can help you determine which share class is best suited to your personal financial goals.

 

For example, if you select Class A or Class I shares, you generally pay a sales charge at the time of purchase. If you buy Class A shares, you also pay an ongoing account maintenance fee of 0.10%. You may be eligible for a sales charge reduction or waiver.

 

Certain financial intermediaries may charge additional fees in connection with transactions in Fund shares. The Manager, the Distributor or their affiliates may make payments out of their own resources to selected securities dealers and other financial intermediaries for providing services intended to result in the sale of Fund shares or for shareholder servicing activities.

 

If you select Class B or Class C shares, you will invest the full amount of your purchase price, but you will be subject to a distribution fee of 0.25% on Class B shares or 0.35% on Class C shares and an account maintenance fee of 0.25% for both classes of shares. Because these fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. In addition, you may be subject to a deferred sales charge when you sell Class B or Class C shares.

 

The Fund’s shares are distributed by FAM Distributors, Inc., an affiliate of Merrill Lynch. The Fund is a series of the Merrill Lynch Multi-State Municipal Series Trust.

 

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The table below summarizes key features of the Merrill Lynch Select PricingSM System.

 

    Class A   Class B   Class C   Class I

Availability   Generally available through Merrill Lynch. Limited availability through selected securities dealers and other financial intermediaries.   Generally available through Merrill Lynch. Limited availability through selected securities dealers and other financial intermediaries.   Generally available through Merrill Lynch. Limited availability through selected securities dealers and other financial intermediaries.  

Limited to certain investors including:

ŸCurrent Class I shareholders

ŸParticipants in certain Merrill Lynch- sponsored programs

ŸCertain affiliates of Merrill Lynch, selected securities dealers and other financial intermediaries.


Initial Sales
Charge?
  Yes. Payable at time of purchase. Lower sales charges available for larger investments.   No. Entire purchase price is invested in shares of the Fund.   No. Entire purchase price is invested in shares of the Fund.   Yes. Payable at time of purchase. Lower sales charges available for larger investments.

Deferred Sales Charge?   No. (May be charged for purchases over
$1 million that are redeemed within one year.)
  Yes. Payable if you redeem within six
years of purchase.
  Yes. Payable if you redeem within one year of purchase.   No. (May be charged for purchases over
$1 million that are redeemed within one year.)

Account
Maintenance and Distribution Fees?
  0.10% Account Maintenance Fee No Distribution Fee.   0.25% Account Maintenance Fee 0.25% Distribution Fee.   0.25% Account Maintenance Fee 0.35% Distribution Fee.   No.

Conversion to
Class A shares?
  N/A   Yes, automatically after approximately ten years.   No.   No.

 

 

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Right of Accumulation — permits you to pay the sales charge that would apply to the cost or value (whichever is higher) of all qualifying shares you own in the Merrill Lynch mutual funds that offer Select PricingSM options.

 

Letter of Intent — permits you to pay the sales charge that would be applicable if you add up all qualifying shares of Merrill Lynch Select PricingSM System funds that you agree to buy within a 13 month period. Certain restrictions apply.

 

Class A and Class I Shares — Initial Sales Charge Options

 

If you select Class A or Class I shares, you will pay a sales charge at the time of purchase as shown in the following table.

 

Your Investment   As a % of
Offering Price
   As a % of Your
Investment*
   Dealer
Compensation
as a % of
Offering Price

Less than $25,000

  4.00%    4.17%    3.75%

$25,000 but less than $50,000

  3.75%    3.90%    3.50%

$50,000 but less
than $100,000

  3.25%    3.36%    3.00%

$100,000 but less than $250,000

  2.50%    2.56%    2.25%

$250,000 but less than $1,000,000

  1.50%    1.52%    1.25%

$1,000,000 and over**

  0.00%    0.00%    0.00%

  * Rounded to the nearest one-hundredth percent.
** If you invest $1,000,000 or more in Class A or Class I shares, you may not pay an initial sales charge. In that case, the Manager compensates the selling dealer or other financial intermediary from its own funds. However, if you redeem your shares within one year after purchase, you may be charged a deferred sales charge. This charge is 1.00% of the lesser of the original cost of the shares being redeemed or your redemption proceeds.

 

No initial sales charge applies to Class A or Class I shares that you buy through reinvestment of dividends.

 

A reduced or waived sales charge on a purchase of Class A or Class I shares may apply for:

 

  Ÿ   Purchases under a Right of Accumulation or Letter of Intent

 

  Ÿ   Merrill Lynch BlueprintSM Program participants

 

  Ÿ   TMASM Managed Trusts

 

  Ÿ   Certain Merrill Lynch investment or central asset accounts

 

  Ÿ   Purchases using proceeds from the sale of certain Merrill Lynch closed-end funds under certain circumstances

 

  Ÿ   Certain investors, including directors or trustees of Merrill Lynch mutual funds and Merrill Lynch employees

 

18    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

 

 

 

  Ÿ   Certain fee-based programs of Merrill Lynch and other financial intermediaries that have agreements with the Distributor or its affiliates

 

Only certain investors are eligible to buy Class I shares. Your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor can help you determine whether you are eligible to buy Class I shares or to participate in any of these programs.

 

If you decide to buy shares under the initial sales charge alternative and you are eligible to buy both Class A and Class I shares, you should buy Class I since Class A shares are subject to a 0.10% account maintenance fee, while Class I shares are not. The Distributor also normally pays the 0.10% Class A account maintenance fee to dealers as an ongoing concession on a monthly basis.

 

If you redeem Class A or Class I shares and within 30 days buy new shares of the same class, you will not pay a sales charge on the new purchase amount. The amount eligible for this “Reinstatement Privilege” may not exceed the amount of your redemption proceeds. To exercise the privilege, contact your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor, selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary or contact the Fund’s Transfer Agent at 1-800-MER-FUND.

 

Class B and Class C Shares — Deferred Sales Charge Options

If you select Class B or Class C shares, you do not pay an initial sales charge at the time of purchase. However, if you redeem your Class B shares within six years after purchase, or your Class C shares within one year after purchase, you may be required to pay a deferred sales charge. You will also pay distribution fees of 0.25% for Class B shares and 0.35% for Class C shares and account maintenance fees of 0.25% for Class B and Class C shares each year under distribution plans that the Fund has adopted under Rule 12b-1. Because these fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, over time these fees increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. The Distributor uses the money that it receives from the deferred sales charges and the distribution fees to cover the costs of marketing, advertising and compensating the Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor, selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary who assists you in purchasing Fund shares.

 

The Distributor currently pays a sales concession of 4.00% of the purchase price of Class B shares to dealers from its own resources at the time of sale. The Distributor also normally pays the 0.25% Class B account maintenance fee to dealers as an ongoing concession on a monthly basis. The Distributor normally retains the Class B shares distribution fee.

 

    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND   19


 

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The Distributor currently pays dealers a sales concession of 1.00% of the purchase price of Class C shares from its own resources at the time of sale. The Distributor pays the 0.60% Class C shares distribution fee and account maintenance fee as an ongoing concession to dealers for Class C shares held for over a year and normally retains the Class C distribution fee and account maintenance fee during the first year after purchase. Under certain circumstances, the Distributor will pay the full Class C shares distribution fee and account maintenance fee to dealers beginning in the first year after purchase in lieu of paying the sales concession.

 

Class B Shares

If you redeem Class B shares within six years after purchase, you may be charged a deferred sales charge. The amount of the charge gradually decreases as you hold your shares over time, according to the following schedule:

 

Years Since Purchase    Sales Charge*

0 – 1

   4.00%

1 – 2

   4.00%

2 – 3

   3.00%

3 – 4

   3.00%

4 – 5

   2.00%

5 – 6

   1.00%

6 and thereafter

   0.00%

* The percentage charge will apply to the lesser of the original cost of the shares being redeemed or the proceeds of your redemption. Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends are not subject to a deferred sales charge. Shares purchased prior to December 1, 2002 will be subject to the four year contingent deferred sales charge schedule then in effect. Not all Merrill Lynch funds have identical deferred sales charge schedules. If you exchange your shares for shares of another fund, the higher charge will apply.

 

The deferred sales charge relating to Class B shares may be reduced or waived in certain circumstances, such as:

 

  Ÿ   Redemption by certain group plans participating in the Merrill Lynch BlueprintSM Program

 

  Ÿ  

Redemption in connection with participation in certain fee-based programs of Merrill Lynch or other financial

 

20    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

 

 

 

 

intermediaries that have agreements with the Distributor or its affiliates, or in connection with involuntary termination of an account in which Fund shares are held

 

  Ÿ   Withdrawals resulting from shareholder death or disability as long as the waiver request is made within one year of death or disability or, if later, reasonably promptly following completion of probate

 

  Ÿ   Withdrawal through the Merrill Lynch Systematic Withdrawal Plan of up to 10% per year of your Class B account value at the time the plan is established

 

Your Class B shares convert automatically into Class A shares approximately ten years after purchase. Any Class B shares received through reinvestment of dividends paid on converting shares will also convert at that time. Class A shares are subject to lower annual expenses than Class B shares. The conversion of Class B to Class A shares is not a taxable event for Federal income tax purposes.

 

Different conversion schedules apply to Class B shares of different Merrill Lynch mutual funds. For example, Class B shares of a fixed income fund typically convert approximately ten years after purchase compared to approximately eight years for equity funds. If you acquire your Class B shares in an exchange from another fund with a shorter conversion schedule, the Fund’s ten year conversion schedule will apply. If you exchange your Class B shares in the Fund for Class B shares of a fund with a longer conversion schedule, the other fund’s conversion schedule will apply. The length of time that you hold both the original and exchanged Class B shares in both funds will count toward the conversion schedule. The conversion schedule may be modified in certain other cases as well.

 

Class C Shares

If you redeem Class C shares within one year after purchase, you may be charged a deferred sales charge of 1.00%. The charge will apply to the lesser of the original cost of the shares being redeemed or the proceeds of your redemption. You will not be charged a deferred sales charge when you redeem shares that you acquire through reinvestment of Fund dividends. The deferred sales charge relating to Class C shares may be reduced or waived in connection with involuntary termination of an account in which Fund shares are held and withdrawals through the Merrill Lynch Systematic Withdrawal Plan.

 

Class C shares do not offer a conversion privilege.

 

    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND   21


 

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HOW TO BUY, SELL, TRANSFER AND EXCHANGE SHARES


 

 

The chart on the following pages summarizes how to buy, sell, transfer and exchange shares through Merrill Lynch, a selected securities dealer, broker, investment adviser, service provider or other financial intermediary. You may also buy, sell, transfer and exchange shares through the Transfer Agent. To learn more about buying, selling, transferring or exchanging shares through the Transfer Agent, call 1-800-MER-FUND. Because the selection of a mutual fund involves many considerations, your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor may help you with this decision.

 

Because of the high costs of maintaining smaller shareholder accounts, the Fund may redeem the shares in your account (without charging any deferred sales charge) if the net asset value of your account falls below $500 due to redemptions you have made. You will be notified that the value of your account is less than $500 before the Fund makes an involuntary redemption. You will then have 60 days to make an additional investment to bring the value of your account to at least $500 before the Fund takes any action. This involuntary redemption does not apply to Uniform Gifts or Transfers to Minors Act accounts.

 

22    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

If You Want to    Your Choices        Information Important for You to Know

Buy Shares    First, select the share class appropriate for you        Refer to the Merrill Lynch Select Pricing table on page 17. Be sure to read this Prospectus carefully.
 
     Next, determine the amount of your investment       

The minimum initial investment for the Fund is $1,000 for all accounts except:

Ÿ$250 for certain Merrill Lynch fee-based programs

Ÿ$100 for Merrill Lynch BlueprintSM Program

 

(The minimums for initial investments may be waived under certain circumstances.)

 
     Have your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor, selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary submit your purchase order       

The price of your shares is based on the next calculation of net asset value after your order is placed. Any purchase orders placed prior to the close of business on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) will be priced at the net asset value determined that day. Certain financial intermediaries, however, may require submission of orders prior to that time.

 

Purchase orders placed after that time will be priced at the net asset value determined on the next business day. The Fund may reject any order to buy shares and may suspend the sale of shares at any time. Selected securities dealers or other financial intermediaries, including Merrill Lynch, may charge a processing fee to confirm a purchase. Merrill Lynch currently charges a fee of $5.35.

 
     Or contact the Transfer Agent        To purchase shares directly, call the Transfer Agent at 1-800-MER-FUND and request a purchase application. Mail the completed purchase application to the Transfer Agent at the address on the inside back cover of this Prospectus.

Add to Your Investment    Purchase additional shares       

The minimum investment for additional purchases is generally $50 except that certain programs, such as automatic investment plans, may have higher minimums.

 

(The minimum for additional purchases may be waived under certain circumstances.)

 
     Acquire additional shares through the automatic dividend reinvestment plan        All dividends are automatically reinvested without a sales charge.
 
     Participate in the automatic investment plan        You may invest a specific amount on a periodic basis through certain Merrill Lynch investment or central asset accounts.

Transfer Shares to Another Securities Dealer or Other Financial Intermediary    Transfer to a participating securities dealer or other financial intermediary        You may transfer your Fund shares only to another securities dealer that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor. Certain shareholder services may not be available for the transferred shares. You may only purchase additional shares of funds previously owned before the transfer. All future trading of these assets must be coordinated by the receiving firm.
 
     Transfer to a non-participating securities dealer or other financial intermediary       

You must either:

ŸTransfer your shares to an account with the Transfer Agent; or

ŸSell your shares, paying any applicable deferred sales charge.


 

    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND   23


 

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If You Want to    Your Choices         Information Important for You to Know

Sell Your Shares    Have your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor, selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary submit your sales order        

The price of your shares is based on the next calculation of net asset value after your order is placed. For your redemption request to be priced at the net asset value on the day of your request, you must submit your request to your dealer or other financial intermediary prior to that day’s close of business on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). Certain financial intermediaries, however, may require submission of orders prior to that time. Any redemption request placed after that time will be priced at the net asset value at the close of business on the next business day.

 

Securities dealers or other financial intermediaries, including Merrill Lynch, may charge a fee to process a redemption of shares. Merrill Lynch currently charges a fee of $5.35. No processing fee is charged if you redeem shares directly through the Transfer Agent.

 

The Fund may reject an order to sell shares under certain circumstances.

 
     Sell through the Transfer Agent        

You may sell shares held at the Transfer Agent by writing to the Transfer Agent at the address on the inside back cover of this Prospectus. All shareholders on the account must sign the letter. A signature guarantee will generally be required but may be waived in certain limited circumstances. You can obtain a signature guarantee from a bank, securities dealer, securities broker, credit union, savings association, national securities exchange or registered securities association. A notary public seal will not be acceptable. If you hold stock certificates, return the certificates with the letter. The Transfer Agent will normally mail redemption proceeds within seven days following receipt of a properly completed request. If you make a redemption request before the Fund has collected payment for the purchase of shares, the Fund or the Transfer Agent may delay mailing your proceeds. This delay will usually not exceed ten days.

 

You may also sell shares held at the Transfer Agent by telephone request if the amount being sold is less than $50,000 and if certain other conditions are met. Contact the Transfer Agent at 1-800-MER-FUND for details.


Sell Shares Systematically    Participate in the Fund’s Systematic Withdrawal Plan         You can choose to receive systematic payments from your Fund account either by check or through direct deposit to your bank account on a monthly or quarterly basis. If you hold your Fund shares in a Merrill Lynch CMA® Account you can arrange for systematic redemptions of a fixed dollar amount on a monthly, bi-monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual basis, subject to certain conditions. Under either method you must have dividends automatically reinvested. For Class B and Class C shares your total annual withdrawals cannot be more than 10% per year of the value of your shares at the time your plan is established. The deferred sales charge is waived for systematic redemptions. Ask your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor or other financial intermediary for details.

 

24    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

If You Want to    Your Choices        Information Important for You to Know

Exchange Your Shares    Select the fund into which you want to exchange. Be sure to read that fund’s prospectus       

You can exchange your shares of the Fund for shares of many other Merrill Lynch mutual funds. You must have held the shares used in the exchange for at least 15 calendar days before you can exchange to another fund.

 

Each class of Fund shares is generally exchangeable for shares of the same class of another fund. If you own Class I shares and wish to exchange into a fund in which you have no Class I shares (and are not eligible to purchase Class I shares), you will exchange into Class A shares.

 

Some of the Merrill Lynch mutual funds impose a different initial or deferred sales charge schedule. If you exchange Class A or Class I shares for shares of a fund with a higher initial sales charge than you originally paid, you will be charged the difference at the time of exchange. If you exchange Class B shares for shares of a fund with a different deferred sales charge schedule, the higher schedule will apply. The time you hold Class B or Class C shares in both funds generally will count when determining your holding period for calculating a deferred sales charge at redemption. If you exchange Class A or Class I shares for money market fund shares, you will receive Class A shares of Summit Cash Reserves Fund. Class B or Class C shares of the Fund will be exchanged for Class B shares of Summit Cash Reserves Fund.

 

To exercise the exchange privilege contact your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor or other financial intermediary or call the Transfer Agent at 1-800-MER-FUND.

 

Although there is currently no limit on the number of exchanges that you can make, the exchange privilege may be modified or terminated at any time in the future.

 


 

The Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order, including exchanges. Short-term or excessive trading into and out of the Fund, particularly in larger amounts, may harm performance by disrupting portfolio management strategies and by increasing expenses. Accordingly, the Fund may reject purchase orders, including exchanges, from market timers or investors that Fund management has determined are short-term or excessive or that will be disruptive to the Fund. For these purposes, Fund management may consider an investor’s trading history in the Fund or other Merrill Lynch funds, and accounts under common ownership or control.

 

    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND   25


 

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Net Asset Value — the market value of the Fund’s total assets after deducting liabilities, divided by the number of shares outstanding.

 

HOW SHARES ARE PRICED


 

 

When you buy shares, you pay the net asset value, plus any applicable sales charge. This is the offering price. Shares are also redeemed at their net asset value, minus any applicable deferred sales charge. The Fund calculates its net asset value (generally by using market quotations) each day the New York Stock Exchange is open, as of the close of business on the Exchange based on prices at the time of closing. The Exchange generally closes at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time. The net asset value used in determining your share price is the next one calculated after your purchase or redemption order is placed.

 

The Fund may accept orders from certain authorized financial intermediaries or their designees. The Fund will be deemed to receive an order when accepted by the financial intermediary or designee and the order will receive the net asset value next computed by the Fund after such acceptance. If the payment for a purchase order is not made by a designated later time, the order will be canceled and the financial intermediary could be held liable for any losses.

 

Generally, Class I shares will have the highest net asset value because that class has the lowest expenses, and Class A shares will have a higher net asset value than Class B or Class C shares. Class B shares will have a higher net asset value than Class C shares because Class B shares have lower distribution expenses than Class C shares. Also dividends paid on Class A and Class I shares will generally be higher than dividends paid on Class B and Class C shares because Class A and Class I shares have lower expenses.

 

PARTICIPATION IN FEE-BASED PROGRAMS


 

If you participate in certain fee-based programs offered by Merrill Lynch or other financial intermediaries, you may be able to buy Class I shares at net asset value, including by exchange from other share classes. Sales charges on the shares being exchanged may be reduced or waived under certain circumstances.

 

You generally cannot transfer shares held through a fee-based program into another account. Instead, you will have to redeem your shares held through the program and purchase shares of another class, which may be subject to distribution and account maintenance fees. This may be a taxable event and you will pay any applicable sales charges.

 

26    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

 

 

Dividends — exempt interest, ordinary income and capital gains paid to shareholders. Dividends may be reinvested in additional Fund shares as they are paid.

 

If you leave one of these programs, your shares may be redeemed or automatically exchanged into another class of Fund shares or into a money market fund. The class you receive may be the class you originally owned when you entered the program, or in certain cases, a different class. If the exchange is into Class B shares, the period before conversion to Class A shares may be modified. Any redemption or exchange will be at net asset value. However, if you participate in the program for less than a specified period, you may be charged a fee in accordance with the terms of the program.

 

Details about these features and the relevant charges are included in the client agreement for each fee-based program and are available from your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor, selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary.

 

DIVIDENDS AND TAXES


 

The Fund will distribute net investment income, if any, monthly, and net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually. The Fund may also pay a special distribution at the end of the calendar year to comply with Federal income tax requirements. If you would like to receive dividends in cash, contact your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor, selected securities dealer, other financial intermediary or the Transfer Agent.

 

To the extent that the dividends distributed by the Fund are from municipal bond interest income, they are exempt from Federal income tax but may be subject to state or local income taxes. Certain investors may be subject to a Federal alternative minimum tax on dividends received from the Fund.

 

To the extent that the dividends distributed by the Fund are derived from New York municipal bond interest income, they are also exempt from New York State and New York City personal income taxes. Interest income from other investments may produce taxable dividends. Dividends derived from capital gains realized by the Fund will be subject to Federal tax and generally will be subject to New York State and New York City personal income tax as well. If you are subject to income tax in a state other than New York and/or a city other than New York City, the dividends derived from New York municipal bonds will generally not be exempt from income tax in that state and/or city.

 

    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND   27


 

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‘‘BUYING A DIVIDEND’’

You may want to avoid buying shares shortly before the Fund pays a dividend, although the impact on you will be significantly less than if you were invested in a fund paying fully taxable dividends. The reason? If you buy shares when a fund has realized but not yet distributed taxable ordinary income (if any) or capital gains, you will pay the full price for the shares and then receive a portion of the price back in the form of a taxable dividend. Before investing you may want to consult your tax adviser.

 

 

 

Generally, within 60 days after the end of the Fund’s taxable year, you will be informed of the amount of exempt-interest dividends and capital gain dividends you received that year. Capital gain dividends are taxable as long term capital gains to you, regardless of how long you have held your shares. The tax treatment of dividends from the Fund is the same whether you choose to receive dividends in cash or to have them reinvested in shares of the Fund.

 

By law, your dividends will be subject to a withholding tax if you have not provided a taxpayer identification number or social security number or if the number you have provided is incorrect.

 

If you redeem Fund shares or exchange them for shares of another fund, you generally will be treated as having sold your shares and any gain on the transaction may be subject to tax.

 

This section summarizes some of the consequences of an investment in the Fund under current Federal and New York State and New York City tax laws. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. You should consult your personal tax adviser about the potential tax consequences to you of an investment in the Fund under all applicable tax laws.

 

ELECTRONIC DELIVERY


 

The Fund offers electronic delivery of communications to its shareholders. In order to receive this service, you must register your account and provide us with e-mail information. To sign up for this service, simply access this website http://www.icsdelivery.com/live/ and follow the instructions. When you visit this site, you will obtain a personal identification number (PIN). You will need this PIN should you wish to update your e-mail address, choose to discontinue this service and/or make any other changes to the service.

 

 

28    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

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Management of the Fund

 

 

FUND ASSET MANAGEMENT


 

 

Fund Asset Management, the Fund’s Manager, manages the Fund’s investments and its business operations under the overall supervision of the Trust’s Board of Trustees. The Manager has the responsibility for making all investment decisions for the Fund. The Fund pays the Manager a fee at the annual rate of 0.55% of the average daily net assets of the Fund. The Manager voluntarily agreed to waive a portion of the fee if the Fund’s net assets exceed $500 million so that the Fund would pay the Manager 0.55% of the average daily net assets for the first $500 million; 0.525% of the average daily net assets from $500 million to $1 billion; and 0.50% of the average daily net assets above $1 billion. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003, the Manager received a fee at the annual rate of 0.55% of the Fund’s average daily net assets.

 

Fund Asset Management was organized as an investment adviser in 1977 and offers investment advisory services to more than 50 registered investment companies. Fund Asset Management and its affiliates had approximately $499 billion in investment company and other portfolio assets under management as of December 2003.

 

     MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND   29


 

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FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS


 

 

The Financial Highlights table is intended to help you understand the Fund’s financial performance for the past five years. Certain information reflects the financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends). The information has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, is included in the Fund’s Annual Report, which is available upon request.

 

     Class A*

    Class B

 
Increase (Decrease)
in Net Asset Value:
   For the Year Ended September 30,

    For the Year Ended September 30,

 
   2003     2002     2001     2000     1999     2003     2002     2001     2000     1999  

Per Share Operating Performance:

                                                                                

Net asset value, beginning of year

   $ 11.45     $ 11.14     $ 10.49     $ 10.49     $ 12.00     $ 11.46     $ 11.15     $ 10.50     $ 10.49     $ 12.00  

Investment income — net

     .54 ††     .51       .50       .50       .50       .50 ††     .47       .45       .46       .46  

Realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments — net

     (.22 )     .32       .64       .01       (1.16 )     (.24 )     .32       .64       .02       (1.16 )

Total from investment operations

     .32       .83       1.14       .51       (.66 )     .26       .79       1.09       .48       (.70 )

Less dividends and distributions:

                                                                                

Investment income — net

     (.54 )     (.52 )     (.49 )     (.50 )     (.50 )     (.49 )     (.48 )     (.44 )     (.46 )     (.46 )

Realized gain on
investments — net

                           (.32 )                           (.32 )

In excess of realized gain on investments — net

                       (.01 )     (.03 )                       (.01 )     (.03 )

Total dividends and distributions

     (.54 )     (.52 )     (.49 )     (.51 )     (.85 )     (.49 )     (.48 )     (.44 )     (.47 )     (.81 )

Net asset value, end of year

   $ 11.23     $ 11.45     $ 11.14     $ 10.49     $ 10.49     $ 11.23     $ 11.46     $ 11.15     $ 10.50     $ 10.49  

Total Investment Return:**

                                                                                

Based on net asset value per share

     2.89 %     7.73 %     11.01 %     5.08 %     (5.79 )%     2.38 %     7.29 %     10.56 %     4.75 %     (6.18 )%

Ratios to Average Net Assets:

                                                                                

Expenses, net of reimbursement

     .84 %     .80 %***     .69 %***     .79 %     .80 %     1.25 %     1.21 %***     1.10 %***     1.20 %     1.21 %

Expenses

     .84 %     .80 %***     .69 %***     .79 %     .80 %     1.25 %     1.21 %***     1.10 %***     1.20 %     1.21 %

Investment income — net

     4.83 %     4.60 %     4.56 %     4.85 %     4.49 %     4.41 %     4.19 %     4.16 %     4.44 %     4.07 %

Supplemental Data:

                                                                                

Net assets, end of year
(in thousands)

   $ 150,395     $ 145,267     $ 134,563     $ 126,138     $ 133,596     $ 78,510     $ 102,847     $ 123,173     $ 133,180     $ 179,583  

Portfolio turnover

     55.91 %     53.86 %     76.22 %     149.47 %     135.17 %     55.91 %     53.86 %     76.22 %     149.47 %     135.17 %

* Prior to April 14, 2003, Class A shares were designated Class D.
** Total investment returns exclude the effects of sales charges.
*** The Fund did not pay an investment advisory fee to the Manager for a portion of the fiscal years ended September 30, 2001 and 2002. If the Fund had paid an investment advisory fee to the Manager for the entire fiscal years ended September 30, 2001 and 2002, the Fund’s expenses as a percentage of its net assets would have been higher.
Amount is less than $(.01) per share.
†† Based on average shares outstanding.

 

30    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (concluded)


 

 

     Class C

    Class I*

 
Increase (Decrease)
in Net Asset Value:
   For the Year Ended September 30,

    For the Year Ended September 30,

 
   2003     2002     2001     2000     1999     2003     2002     2001     2000     1999  

Per Share Operating Performance:

                                                                                

Net asset value, beginning of year

   $ 11.46     $ 11.15     $ 10.50     $ 10.50     $ 12.01     $ 11.46     $ 11.14     $ 10.49     $ 10.49     $ 12.00  

Investment income — net

     .48 ††     .45       .44       .45       .45       .55 ††     .52       .51       .51       .51  

Realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments — net

     (.22 )     .32       .64       .01       (1.16 )     (.23 )     .33       .64       .01       (1.16 )

Total from investment operations

     .26       .77       1.08       .46       (.71 )     .32       .85       1.15       .52       (.65 )

Less dividends and distributions:

                                                                                

Investment income — net

     (.48 )     (.46 )     (.43 )     (.45 )     (.45 )     (.55 )     (.53 )     (.50 )     (.51 )     (.51 )

Realized gain on investments — net

                           (.32 )                           (.32 )

In excess of realized gain on
investments — net

                       (.01 )     (.03 )                       (.01 )     (.03 )

Total dividends and distributions

     (.48 )     (.46 )     (.43 )     (.46 )     (.80 )     (.55 )     (.53 )     (.50 )     (.52 )     (.86 )

Net asset value, end of year

   $ 11.24     $ 11.46     $ 11.15     $ 10.50     $ 10.50     $ 11.23     $ 11.46     $ 11.14     $ 10.49     $ 10.49  

Total Investment Return:**

                                                                                

Based on net asset value per share

     2.38 %     7.19 %     10.45 %     4.55 %     (6.26 )%     2.89 %     7.93 %     11.12 %     5.19 %     (5.70 )%

Ratios to Average Net Assets:

                                                                                

Expenses, net of reimbursement

     1.34 %     1.31 %***     1.19 %***     1.30 %     1.31 %     .74 %     .71 %***     .59 %***     .70 %     .70 %

Expenses

     1.35 %     1.31 %***     1.19 %***     1.30 %     1.31 %     .74 %     .71 %***     .59 %***     .70 %     .70 %

Investment income — net

     4.32 %     4.10 %     4.05 %     4.34 %     3.98 %     4.92 %     4.69 %     4.66 %     4.95 %     4.59 %

Supplemental Data:

                                                                                

Net assets, end of year (in thousands)

   $ 16,729     $ 14,773     $ 8,730     $ 6,777     $ 8,051     $ 10,275     $ 11,928     $ 17,553     $ 12,579     $ 15,522  

Portfolio turnover

     55.91 %     53.86 %     76.22 %     149.47 %     135.17 %     55.91 %     53.86 %     76.22 %     149.47 %     135.17 %

* Prior to April 14, 2003, Class I shares were designated Class A.
** Total investment returns exclude the effects of sales charges.
*** The Fund did not pay an investment advisory fee to the Manager for a portion of the fiscal years ended September 30, 2001 and 2002. If the Fund had paid an investment advisory fee to the Manager for the entire fiscal years ended September 30, 2001 and 2002, the Fund’s expenses as a percentage of its net assets would have been higher.
Amount is less than $(.01) per share.
†† Based on average shares outstanding.

 

    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND   31


 

-

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    MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND    


 

LOGO

 

For More Information

Shareholder Reports

 

Additional information about the Fund’s investments is available in the Fund’s Annual and Semi-Annual Reports. In the Fund’s Annual Report you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during its last fiscal year. You may obtain these reports at no cost by calling 1-800-MER-FUND.

 

The Fund will send you one copy of each shareholder report and certain other mailings, regardless of the number of Fund accounts you have. To receive separate shareholder reports for each account, call your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor or other financial intermediary or write to the Transfer Agent at its mailing address. Include your name, address, tax identification number and Merrill Lynch brokerage or mutual fund account number. If you have any questions, please call your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor or other financial intermediary or call the Transfer Agent at 1-800-MER-FUND.

Statement of Additional Information

 

The Statement of Additional Information contains further information about the Fund. The portions of the Statement of Additional Information relating to the Fund are incorporated by reference (legally considered part of) into this Prospectus. The portions of the Statement of Additional Information that do not relate to the Fund are not incorporated by reference, are not part of this Prospectus, and should not be relied on by investors in the Fund. You may request a free copy by writing the Fund at Financial Data Services, Inc. P.O. Box 45289 Jacksonville, Florida 32232-5289 or by calling 1-800-MER-FUND.

 

Information about the Fund (including the Statement of Additional Information) can be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. Call 1-202-942-8090 for information on the operation of the public reference room. This information is also available on the SEC’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov and copies may be obtained upon payment of a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the Public Reference Section of the SEC, Washington, D.C. 20549-0102

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this Prospectus. No one is authorized to provide you with information that is different from information contained in this Prospectus.

 

Investment Company Act file #811-4375

Code #10342-01-04

©Fund Asset Management, L.P.

 

LOGO

 

Prospectus

 

January 27, 2004

 

 

Merrill Lynch New York

Municipal Bond Fund

of Merrill Lynch Multi-State

Municipal Series Trust

 

 

 

 

This Prospectus contains information you should know before investing, including information about risks. Please read it before you invest and keep it for future reference.

 

The Securities and Exchange Commission has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

www.mlim.ml.com


STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

 

MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND OF MERRILL LYNCH

MULTI-STATE MUNICIPAL SERIES TRUST

 

P.O. Box 9011, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-9011· Phone No. (609) 282-2800

 

This Statement of Additional Information of the Merrill Lynch New York Municipal Bond Fund (the “Fund”), a series of the Merrill Lynch Multi-State Municipal Series Trust (the “Trust”) is not a prospectus and should be read in conjunction with the Prospectus of the Fund, dated January 27, 2004, which has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) and can be obtained, without charge, by calling 1-800-MER-FUND or by writing to the Fund at the above address. The Fund’s Prospectus is incorporated by reference into this Statement of Additional Information, and Part I of this Statement of Additional Information and the portions of Part II of this Statement of Additional Information that relate to the Fund have been incorporated by reference into the Fund’s Prospectus. The portions of Part II of this Statement of Additional Information that do not relate to the Fund do not form a part of the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information, have not been incorporated by reference into the Fund’s Prospectus and should not be relied upon by investors in the Fund. The Fund’s audited financial statements are incorporated by reference into this Statement of Additional Information by reference to the Fund’s 2003 Annual Report. You may request a copy of the Annual Report at no charge by calling 1-800-637-3863 between 8:30 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. Eastern time on any business day.

 

FUND ASSET MANAGEMENT L.P.– MANAGER

 

FAM Distributors, Inc. – Distributor

 

The date of this Statement of Additional Information is January 27, 2004


Table Of Contents

 

Part I

    

Investment Objectives and Policies

   I-1

Investment Restrictions

   I-2

Information on Trustees and Officers

   I-4

Management and Advisory Arrangements

   I-8

Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses

   I-9

Computation of Offering Price

   I-11

Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage

   I-12

Fund Performance

   I-12

Additional Information

   I-13

Financial Statements

   I-14

Part II

    

Investment Risks and Considerations

   II-1

Management and other Service Arrangements

   II-31

Purchase of Shares

   II-34

Redemption of Shares

   II-42

Shareholder Services

   II-43

Pricing of Shares

   II-48

Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage

   II-50

Dividends and Taxes

   II-52

Performance Data

   II-57

Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures

   II-58

General Information

   II-61

Appendix A Description of Bond Ratings

   A-1

Appendix B Economic and Other Conditions in New York

   B-1

 


PART I: SPECIAL INFORMATION ABOUT MERRILL LYNCH NEW YORK MUNICIPAL BOND FUND OF

MERRILL LYNCH MULTI-STATE MUNICIPAL SERIES TRUST

 

Part I of this Statement of Additional Information sets forth information about Merrill Lynch New York Municipal Bond Fund (the “Fund”) of Merrill Lynch Multi-State Municipal Series Trust (the “Trust”). It includes information about the Fund’s Board of Trustees, the advisory services provided to and the management fees paid by the Fund, performance data for the Fund, and information about other fees paid by and services provided to the Fund. This Part I should be read in conjunction with the Fund’s Prospectus and those portions of Part II of this Statement of Additional Information that pertain to the Fund.

 

I. Investment Objectives and Policies

 

The investment objective of the Fund is to provide shareholders with income exempt from Federal income tax and New York State and New York City personal income taxes. The investment objective of the Fund is a fundamental policy and may not be changed without a vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund. There can be no assurance that the investment objective of the Fund will be achieved. The Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing primarily in a portfolio of long-term investment grade obligations issued by or on behalf of New York State, its political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities and obligations of other qualifying issuers, such as issuers located in Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands and Guam, that pay interest exempt, in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer, from Federal income tax and New York State and New York City personal income taxes. Obligations exempt from Federal income taxes are referred to herein as “Municipal Bonds,” and obligations exempt from Federal income tax and New York State and New York City personal income taxes are referred to as “New York Municipal Bonds.” Unless otherwise indicated, references to Municipal Bonds shall be deemed to include New York Municipal Bonds. The Fund is classified as a diversified fund under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”).

 

Under normal circumstances, except when acceptable securities are unavailable as determined by Fund Asset Management, L.P. (the “Manager” or “FAM”), the Fund’s manager, or for temporary defensive purposes, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets in New York Municipal Bonds. For this purpose, net assets include any borrowings for investment purposes. This policy is a fundamental policy of the Fund and may not be changed without approval of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding shares.

 

At least 80% of the Fund’s assets will be invested in Municipal Bonds that are commonly referred to as “investment grade” securities, which are obligations rated at the time of purchase within the four highest quality ratings as determined by either Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) (currently Aaa, Aa, A and Baa), Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) (currently AAA, AA, A and BBB) or Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”) (currently AAA, AA, A and BBB). If unrated, such securities will possess creditworthiness comparable, in the opinion of the Manager, to other obligations in which the Fund may invest. Securities rated in the lowest investment grade rating category may be considered to have speculative characteristics.

 

The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in Municipal Bonds that are rated below Baa by Moody’s or below BBB by S&P or Fitch or that, in the Manager’s judgment, possess similar credit characteristics. Such securities, sometimes referred to as “high yield” or “junk” bonds, are predominantly speculative with respect to the capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the security and generally involve a greater volatility of price than securities in higher rating categories. See “Description of Municipal Bonds — ‘High Yield’ or ‘Junk’ Bonds.” The Fund does not intend to purchase debt securities that are in default or which the Manager believes will be in default.

 

Under normal conditions, it is generally anticipated that the Fund’s weighted average maturity will be in excess of ten years. For temporary periods or to provide liquidity, the Fund has the authority to invest as much as 35% of its assets in tax-exempt or taxable money market obligations with a maturity of one year or less (such short-term obligations being referred to herein as “Temporary Investments”), except that taxable Temporary Investments shall not exceed 20% of the Fund’s net assets.

 

The Fund may also invest in variable rate demand obligations (“VRDOs”) and VRDOs in the form of participation interests in variable rate tax-exempt obligations held by a financial institution (“Participating VRDOs”). The Fund’s hedging strategies, are not fundamental policies and may be modified by the Trustees of the Trust without the approval of the Fund’s shareholders.

 

Certain Municipal Bonds may be entitled to the benefits of letters of credit or similar credit enhancements issued by financial institutions. In such instances, the Trustees and the Manager will take into account in assessing the quality of such bonds not only the creditworthiness of the issuer of such bonds but also the creditworthiness of the financial institution that provides the credit enhancement.

 

The Fund ordinarily does not intend to realize investment income not exempt from Federal income tax and New York State and New York City personal income taxes. However, to the extent that suitable New York Municipal Bonds are not available for

 

I-1


investment by the Fund, the Fund may purchase Municipal Bonds issued by other states, their agencies and instrumentalities, the interest income on which is exempt, in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer, from Federal income tax, but not New York State and New York City personal income taxation. The Fund also may invest in securities not issued by or on behalf of a state or territory or by an agency or instrumentality thereof, if the Fund nevertheless believes such securities to be exempt from Federal income taxation (“Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities”). Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities could include trust certificates or other instruments evidencing interest in one or more long-term New York Municipal Bonds or Municipal Bonds. Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities also may include securities issued by other investment companies that invest in New York Municipal Bonds or Municipal Bonds, to the extent such investments are permitted by the Investment Company Act. Certain Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities may be characterized as derivative instruments. For purposes of the Fund’s investment objective and policies, Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities that pay interest that is exempt from Federal income tax will be considered “Municipal Bonds” and Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities that pay interest that is exempt from Federal income tax and from New York State and New York City personal income taxes will be considered “New York Municipal Bonds.”

 

Interest received on certain otherwise tax-exempt securities that are classified as “private activity bonds” (in general, bonds that benefit non-governmental entities) may be subject to Federal alternative minimum tax. The percentage of the Fund’s total assets invested in “private activity bonds” will vary during the year. Federal tax legislation has limited the types and volume of bonds the interest on which qualifies for a Federal income tax exemption. As a result, this legislation and legislation that may be enacted in the future may affect the availability of Municipal Bonds for investment by the Fund. See “Dividends and Taxes — Taxes.”

 

Description of Temporary Investments- The Fund may invest in short-term tax-exempt and taxable securities subject to the limitations set forth above and in the Prospectus under “How the Fund Invests.” The tax-exempt money market securities may include municipal notes, municipal commercial paper, municipal bonds with a remaining maturity of less than one year, variable rate demand notes and participations therein. Municipal notes include tax anticipation notes, bond anticipation notes, revenue anticipation notes and grant anticipation notes. Anticipation notes are sold as interim financing in anticipation of tax collection, bond sales, government grants or revenue receipts. Municipal commercial paper refers to short-term unsecured promissory notes generally issued to finance short-term credit needs. The taxable money market securities in which the Fund may invest as Temporary Investments consist of U.S. Government securities, U.S. Government agency securities, domestic bank or savings institution certificates of deposit and bankers’ acceptances, short-term corporate debt securities such as commercial paper and repurchase agreements. These Temporary Investments must have a stated maturity not in excess of one year from date of purchase. The Fund may not invest in any security issued by a commercial bank or a savings institution unless the bank or institution is organized and operating in the United States, has total assets of at least $1 billion and is a member of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), except that up to 10% of total assets may be invested in certificates of deposit of smaller institutions if such certificates are fully insured by the FDIC.

 

II. Investment Restrictions

 

The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has adopted restrictions and policies relating to the investment of its assets and its activities. Certain of the restrictions are fundamental policies of the Trust and may not be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting securities (which for this purpose and under the Investment Company Act, means the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares present at a meeting at which more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares). The Trust has also adopted certain non-fundamental investment restrictions, which may be changed by the Board of Trustees without shareholder approval.

 

Set forth below are the Trust’s fundamental and non-fundamental restrictions. Unless otherwise provided, all references below to the assets of the Fund are in terms of current market value.

 

Under the Trust’s fundamental investment restrictions, the Fund may not:

 

(1) Make any investment inconsistent with the Fund’s classification as a diversified company under the Investment Company Act.

 

(2) Invest more than 25% of its assets, taken at market value at the time of each investment, in the securities of issuers in any particular industry (excluding the U.S. Government and its agencies and instrumentalities). For purposes of this restriction, states, municipalities and their political subdivisions are not considered part of any industry.

 

(3) Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or management.

 

(4) Purchase or sell real estate, except that, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the Fund may invest in securities directly or indirectly secured by real estate or interests therein or issued by companies that invest in real estate or interests therein.

 

I-2


(5) Make loans to other persons, except that the acquisition of bonds, debentures or other corporate debt securities and investment in government obligations, commercial paper, pass-through instruments, certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, repurchase agreements or any similar instruments shall not be deemed to be the making of a loan, and except further that the Fund may lend its portfolio securities, provided that the lending of portfolio securities may be made only in accordance with applicable law and the guidelines set forth in the Fund’s Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, as they may be amended from time to time.

 

(6) Issue senior securities to the extent such issuance would violate applicable law.

 

(7) Borrow money, except that (i) the Fund may borrow from banks (as defined in the Investment Company Act) in amounts up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed), (ii) the Fund may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, borrow up to an additional 5% of its total assets for temporary purposes, (iii) the Fund may obtain such short-term credit as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of portfolio securities and (iv) the Fund may purchase securities on margin to the extent permitted by applicable law. The Fund may not pledge its assets other than to secure such borrowings or, to the extent permitted by the Fund’s investment policies as set forth in its Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, as they may be amended from time to time, in connection with hedging transactions, short sales, when-issued and forward commitment transactions and similar investment strategies.

 

(8) Underwrite securities of other issuers, except insofar as the Fund technically may be deemed an underwriter under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”) in selling portfolio securities.

 

(9) Purchase or sell commodities or contracts on commodities, except to the extent that the Fund may do so in accordance with applicable law and the Fund’s Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information, as they maybe amended from time to time, and without registering as a commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act.

 

Under the Trust’s non-fundamental investment restrictions, the Fund may not:

 

(a) Purchase securities of other investment companies, except to the extent such purchases are permitted by applicable law. As a matter of policy, however, the Fund will not purchase shares of any registered open-end investment company or registered unit investment trust, in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or (G) (the “fund of funds” provisions) of the Investment Company Act, at any time the Fund’s shares are owned by another investment company that is part of the same group of investment companies as the Fund.

 

(b) Make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, except to the extent permitted by applicable law. The Fund currently does not intend to engage in short sales, except short sales “against the box.”

 

(c) Invest in securities that cannot be readily resold because of legal or contractual restrictions or that cannot otherwise be marketed, redeemed or put to the issuer or a third party, if at the time of acquisition more than 15% of its total assets would be invested in such securities. This restriction shall not apply to securities that mature within seven days or securities that the Board of Trustees of the Trust has otherwise determined to be liquid pursuant to applicable law.

 

(d) Notwithstanding fundamental investment restriction (7) above, borrow amounts in excess of 20% of its total assets taken at market value (including the amount borrowed), and then only from banks as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes.

 

If a percentage restriction on the investment or use of assets set forth above is adhered to at the time a transaction is effected, later changes in percentages resulting from changing values will not be considered a violation.

 

For purposes of investment restriction (2) above, industry means any one or more of the industry sub-classifications used by one or more widely recognized market indices or ratings group indices, and/or as defined by Fund management.

 

III. Information on Trustees and Officers

 

The Trustees of the Trust consist of eight individuals, seven of whom are not “interested persons” of the Trust as defined in the Investment Company Act (the “non-interested Trustees”). The Trustees are responsible for the overall supervision of the operations of the Trust and perform the various duties imposed on the directors of investment companies by the Investment Company Act.

 

I-3


Each non-interested Trustee is a member of the Fund’s Audit Committee (the “Committee”). The principal responsibilities of the Committee are the appointment, compensation and oversight of the Fund’s independent accountants, including the resolution of disagreements regarding financial reporting between Fund management and such independent accountants. The Committee’s responsibilities include, without limitation, to (i) review with the independent accountants the arrangements for and scope of annual and special audits and any other services provided by the independent accountants to the Fund; (ii) discuss with the independent accountants certain matters relating to the Fund’s financial statements, including any adjustment to such financial statements recommended by such independent accountants or any other results of any audit; (iii) ensure that the independent accountants submit on a periodic basis a formal written statement with respect to their independence, discuss with the independent accountants any relationships or services disclosed in the statement that may impact the objectivity and independence of the Fund’s independent accountants and recommend that the Board take appropriate action in response thereto to satisfy itself of the independent accountants’ independence; and (iv) consider the comments of the independent accountants with respect to the quality and adequacy of the Fund’s accounting and financial reporting policies and practices and internal controls and Fund management’s responses thereto. The Trust’s Board has adopted a written charter for the Committee. The Committee also reviews and nominates candidates to serve as non-interested Trustees. The Committee generally will not consider nominees recommended by shareholders. The Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003.

 

Biographical Information

 

Certain biographical and other information relating to the non-interested Trustees is set forth below, including their ages, their principal occupations for at least the last five years, the length of time served, the total number of investment companies and portfolios overseen in the complex of funds advised by the Manager or its affiliate, Merrill Lynch Investment Managers, L.P. (“MLIM”), (“MLIM/FAM-advised funds “) and other public directorships:

 

Name, Address* and Age of
Trustee


  Position(s)
Held with
the Trust


  Term of
Office** and
Length of
Time Served


 

Principal Occupation During Past Five Years


  Number of
MLIM/FAM-
Advised
Funds
Overseen


  Public
Directorships


James H. Bodurtha (59)

  Trustee   Trustee
since
1995
  Director, The China Business Group, Inc. since 1996 and Executive Vice President thereof from 1996 to 2003; Chairman of the Board, Berkshire Holdings Corporation since 1980; Partner, Squire, Sanders & Dempsey from 1980 to 1993.   39
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 57
portfolios
  None

Joe Grills (68)

  Trustee   Trustee
since
2002
  Member of the Committee of Investment of Employee Benefit Assets of the Association of Financial Professionals (“CIEBA”) since 1986; Member of CIEBA’s Executive Committee since 1988 and its Chairman from 1991 to 1992; Assistant Treasurer of International Business Machines Corporation (“IBM”) and Chief Investment Officer of IBM Retirement Funds from 1986 to 1993: Member of the Investment Advisory Committee of the State of New York Common Retirement Fund since 1989; Member of the Investment Advisory Committee of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute from 1997 to 2000; Director, Duke Management Company since 1992 and Vice Chairman thereof since 1998; Director, LaSalle Street Fund from 1995 to 2001; Director, Kimco Realty Corporation since 1997; Member of the Investment Advisory Committee of the Virginia Retirement System since 1998 and Vice-Chairman thereof since 2002; Director, Montpelier Foundation since 1998 and its Vice Chairman since 2000; Member of the Investment Committee of the Woodberry Forest School since 2000; Member of the Investment Committee of the National Trust for Historic Preservation since 2000.   39
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 57
portfolios
  Kimco
Realty
Corporation

 

I-4


Name, Address* and Age of
Trustee


  Position(s)
Held with
the Trust


  Term of
Office** and
Length of
Time Served


 

Principal Occupation During Past Five Years


  Number of
MLIM/FAM-
Advised
Funds
Overseen


  Public
Directorships


Herbert I. London (64)

  Trustee   Trustee
since
1987
  John M. Olin Professor of Humanities, New York University since 1993 and Professor thereof since 1980; President, Hudson Institute since 1997 and Trustee thereof since 1980; Dean, Gallatin Division of New York University from 1976 to 1993; Distinguished Fellow, Herman Kahn Chair, Hudson Institute from 1984 to 1985; Director, Damon Corp. from 1991 to 1995; Overseer Center for Naval Analyses from 1983 to 1993; Limited Partner, Hypertech LP since 1996.   39
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 57
portfolios
  None

André F. Perold (51)

  Trustee   Trustee
since
1985
  Harvard Business School: George Gund Professor of Finance and Banking since 2000; Senior Associate Dean, Director of Faculty Recruiting since 2001; Finance Area Chair from 1996 to 2001; Sylvan C. Coleman Professor of Financial Management from 1993 to 2000; Director, Genbel Securities Limited and Gensec Bank from 1999 to 2003; Director, Stockback, Inc. from 2000 to 2002; Director, Sanlam Limited from 2001 to 2003; Trustee, Common fund from 1989 to 2001; Director, Sanlam Investment Management from 1999 to 2001; Director, Bulldogresearch.com from 2000 to 2001; Director, Quantec Limited from 1991 to 1999; Director and Chairman of the Board of UNX Inc. since 2003.   39
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 57
portfolios
  None

Roberta Cooper Ramo (61)

  Trustee   Trustee
since
2000
  Shareholder, Modrall, Sperling, Roehl, Harris & Sisk, P.A. since 1993; President, American Bar Association from 1995 to 1996 and Member of the Board of Governors thereof from 1994 to 1997; Shareholder, Poole, Kelly & Ramo, Attorneys at Law, P.C. from 1977 to 1993; Director, Coopers, Inc. since 1999; Director of ECMC Group (service provider to students, schools and lenders) since 2001; Director, United New Mexico Bank (now Wells Fargo) from 1983 to 1988; Director, First National Bank of New Mexico (now Wells Fargo) from 1975 to 1976.   39
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 57
portfolios
  None

Robert S. Salomon, Jr. (67)

  Trustee   Trustee
since
2002
  Principal of STI Management (investment adviser) since 1994; Chairman and CEO of Salomon Brothers Asset Management from 1992 to 1995; Chairman of Salomon Brothers equity mutual funds from 1992 until 1995; regular columnist with Forbes Magazine from 1992 to 2002; Director of Stock Research and U.S. Equity Strategist at Salomon Brothers Inc. from 1975 until 1991; Trustee, Commonfund from 1980 to 2001.   39
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 57
portfolios
  None

Stephen B. Swensrud (70)

  Trustee   Trustee
since
2002
  Chairman of Fernwood Advisors (investment adviser) since 1996; Principal, Fernwood Associates (financial consultants) since 1975; Chairman of R.P.P. Corporation (manufacturing company) since 1978; Director of International Mobile Communications, Inc. (telecommunications company) since 1998.   40
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 58
portfolios
  None

* The address of each non-interested Trustee is P.O. Box 9095, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-9095.
* Each Trustee serves until his or her successor is elected and qualified, until December 31 of the year in which he or she turns 72, or until his or her death, resignation, or removal as provided in the Trust’s by-laws, charter or by statute.

 

I-5


Certain biographical and other information relating to the Trustee who is an “interested person “of the Trust as defined in the Investment Company Act, and to the other officers of the Trust is set forth below, including their ages, their principal occupations for at least the last five years, the length of time served, the total number of MLIM/FAM-advised funds overseen and public directorships held:

 

Name, Address* and Age of
Trustee


   Position(s)
Held with
the Trust


   Term of
Office***and
Length of
Time Served


 

Principal Occupation During

Past Five Years


   Number
of MLIM/
FAM-
Advised
Funds
Overseen


   Public
Directorships


Terry K. Glenn** (63)

   President
and
Trustee
   President
and
Trustee****
since
1999
  President of the MLIM/FAM-advised funds since 1999; Chairman (Americas Region) of MLIM from 2000 to 2002; Executive Vice President of MLIM and FAM (which terms as used herein include their corporate predecessors) from 1983 to 2002; Executive Vice President and Director of Princeton Services from 1993 to 2002; President of FAM Distributors, Inc. (“FAMD” or the “Distributor”) from 1986 to 2002 and Director thereof from 1991 to 2002; President of Princeton Administrators, LP from 1988 to 2002; Director of Financial Data Services, Inc. from 1985 to 2002.    123
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 160
portfolios
   None

Donald C. Burke (43)

   Vice
President
and
Treasurer
   Vice
President
since
1993 and
Treasurer
since
1999
  First Vice President of MLIM and FAM since 1997 and Treasurer thereof since 1999; Senior Vice President and Treasurer of Princeton Services since 1999; Vice President FAMD since 1999; Vice President of MLIM and FAM from 1990 to 1997; Director of Taxation of MLIM since 1990.    122
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 159
portfolios
   None

Kenneth A. Jacob (50)

   Senior
Vice
President
   Senior
Vice
President
since
2001
  Managing Director of MLIM since 2000; First Vice President of MLIM from 1997 to 2000; Vice President of MLIM from 1984 to 1997;Vice President of FAM since 1984.    37
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 49
portfolios
   None

John M.Loffredo (38)

   Senior
Vice
President
   Senior
Vice
President
since
2001
  Managing Director of MLIM since 2000; First Vice President of MLIM from 1997 to 2000; Vice President of MLIM from 1991 to 1997.    37
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 49
portfolios
   None

Robert D. Sneeden (49)

   Vice
President
and
Portfolio
Manager
   Vice
President
since
1998
  Vice President of MLIM since 1998; Assistant Vice President and Portfolio Manager of MLIM from 1994 to 1998.    6
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 7
portfolios
   None

Brian D. Stewart (34)

   Secretary    Secretary
since
2002
  Vice President of MLIM since 2002; Attorney associated with Reed Smith LLP from 2001 to 2002; Attorney associated with Saul Ewing LLP from 1999 to 2001.    39
registered
investment
companies
consisting
of 53
portfolios
   None

* The address for each officer is P.O. Box 9011, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-9011.
** Mr. Glenn is an “interested person,” as defined in the Investment Company Act, of the Trust based on his former positions with FAM, MLIM, FAMD, Princeton Services and Princeton Administrators, L.P.
*** Elected by and serves at the pleasure of the Board of Trustees of the Trust.
**** As a Trustee, Mr. Glenn serves until his successor is elected and qualified, until December 31 of the year in which he turns 72, or until his death, resignation, or removal as provided in the Trust’s by-laws, charter or by statute.

 

I-6


Share Ownership

 

Information relating to share ownership by each Trustee in the Fund and in all MLIM/FAM-advised funds overseen by the Trustee (“Supervised Merrill Lynch Funds “) as of December 31, 2003 is set forth in the chart below:

 

Name


   Aggregate Dollar
Range of Equity in
the Fund


   Aggregate Dollar
Range of Securities
in Supervised Merrill
Lynch Funds


Interested Trustee:

           

Terry K. Glenn

     None    Over $100,000

Non-Interested Trustee:

           

James H. Bodurtha

     None    Over $100,000

Joe Grills

     None    Over $100,000

Herbert I. London

   $ 10,001-$50,000    Over $100,000

André F. Perold

     None    None

Roberta Cooper Ramo

     None    $50,001-$100,000

Robert S. Salomon, Jr.

     None    None

Stephen B. Swensrud

     None    None

Trustees of the Trust may purchase Class I shares of the Fund at net asset value.

 

As of September 30, 2003, the Trustees and officers of the Trust as a group owned an aggregate of less than 1% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. As of December 31, 2003, none of the non-interested Trustees of the Trust or their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any securities of Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. (“ML &Co.”).

 

Compensation of Trustees

 

Effective January 1, 2004, each non-interested Trustee receives an aggregate annual retainer of $125,000 for his or her services to MLIM/FAM-advised funds, including the Trust. The portion of the annual retainer allocated to each MLIM/FAM-advised fund is determined quarterly based on the relative net assets of each fund. In addition, each non-interested Trustee receives a fee per in-person Board meeting attended and per in-person Committee meeting attended. The annual per meeting fees paid to each non-interested Trustee aggregate $100,000 for all MLIM/FAM-advised funds for which that Trustee serves and are allocated equally among those funds. Each Co-Chairman of the Committee receives an additional annual retainer in the amount of $25,000, which is paid quarterly and allocated to each MLIM/FAM-advised fund for which such Co-Chairman provides services based on the relative net assets of each such fund.

The following table sets forth the compensation earned by the non-interested Trustees for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003 and the aggregate compensation paid to them by MLIM/FAM-advised funds for the calendar year ended December 31, 2003.

 

Name


   Aggregate
Compensation
from the
Fund


   Pension or
Retirement
Benefits
Accrued as
Part of
Fund
Expenses


   Aggregate
Compensation
from the Fund
and other
MLIM/FAM—
  Advised Funds


James H. Bodurtha †

   $ 3,055    None    $ 183,219

Joe Grills†

   $ 3,055    None    $ 182,219

Herbert I. London

   $ 2,944    None    $ 163,219

André F. Perold

   $ 2,944    None    $ 162,219

Roberta Cooper Ramo

   $ 2,944    None    $ 163,219

Robert S. Salomon, Jr. 

   $ 2,944    None    $ 163,219

Melvin R. Seiden*

   $ 1,840    None    $ 0

Stephen B. Swensrud

   $ 2,944    None    $ 168,219

Co-Chairman of the Committee
* Mr. Seiden retired as a trustee effective January 1, 2003

 

I-7


IV. Management and Advisory Arrangements

 

The Trust on behalf the Fund, has entered into a management agreement with FAM (the, “Management Agreement”). Pursuant to the Management Agreement, the Manager receives for its services a monthly fee from the Fund at the annual rate of 0.55% of the average daily net assets of the Fund. In the event that the Fund’s daily net assets exceed $500 million, the Manager has voluntarily agreed to waive a portion of the compensation due under the Management Agreement and to receive a fee calculated as follows:

 

     Rate

 

Portion of average daily net assets:

      

Not exceeding $500 million

   0.55 %

In excess of $500 million but not exceeding $1 billion

   0.525 %

In excess of $1 billion

   0.50 %

 

The Manager may discontinue or reduce this waiver of fees at any time without notice.

 

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003, the Manager received a fee equal to 0.55% of the Fund’s average daily net assets. Set forth below are the total management fees paid by the Fund to the Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2003, 2002 and 2001:

 

Fiscal Year Ended September 30,


   Management Fee

    Waived

2003

   $ 1,443,859     $ 0

2002

   $ 1,341,038 *   $ 0

2001

   $ 1,152,316 *   $ 0

 

* On July 31, 2001, on account of the inadvertent termination of the Management Agreement, the Fund ceased paying a management fee, pending shareholder approval of a new Management Agreement with the Manager. If the Fund had paid a fee for each entire fiscal year, the management fee would have been approximately $1,550,000 in 2001 and $1,500,021 in 2002. The new Management Agreement was approved by shareholders and became effective on November 7, 2001.

 

In connection with its consideration of the Fund’s Management Agreement, the Board of Trustees of the Trust reviewed information derived from a number of sources and covering a range of issues. The Board considered the services provided to the Fund by the Manager under the Management Agreement, as well as other services provided by the Manager and its affiliates under other agreements, and the personnel who provide these services. In addition to investment advisory services, the Manager and its affiliates provide administrative services, shareholder services, oversight of fund accounting, marketing services, assistance in meeting legal and regulatory requirements, and other services necessary for the operation of the Fund. The Board also considered the Manager’s costs of providing services, and the direct and indirect benefits to the Manager from its relationship with the Fund. The benefits considered by the Board included not only the Manager’s compensation for investment advisory services and the Manager’s profitability under the Management Agreement, but also compensation paid to the Manager or its affiliates for other, non-advisory, services provided to the Fund.

 

In connection with its consideration of the Management Agreement, the Board also compared the Fund’s management fee rate, expense ratios and historical performance to those of comparable funds. The Board took into account the various services provided to the Fund by the Manager and its affiliates, as well as the services required to manage a portfolio of long term New York municipal bonds, including the need to perform ongoing credit analysis of the issuers. The Board noted that the Fund’s management fee rate was comparable to that of other funds in its category, and that its overall operating expenses also were comparable. The Board reviewed the Fund’s historical performance and compared it with that of similar funds in its category. The Board concluded that the management fee rate and other expenses were comparable with that of other, similar funds. Based on the information reviewed and their discussions, the Board, including a majority of the non-interested Trustees, concluded that the management fee rate was reasonable in relation to the services provided.

 

The Board considered whether there should be changes in the management fee rate or structure in order to enable the Fund to participate in any economies of scale that the Manager may experience as a result of growth in the Fund’s assets. The Board determined that the current management fee structure, which includes breakpoints that reduce the management fee rate as the Fund’s total assets increase, already allows the Fund to participate in such economies of scale. The non-interested Trustees were represented by independent counsel who assisted them in their deliberations.

 

I-8


Transfer Agency Services

 

The table below sets forth total amounts the paid by the Fund to the transfer agent for the periods indicated.

 

Fiscal Year Ended September 30,


   Transfer
Agent
Fees


2003

   $ 148,765

2002

   $ 192,234

2001*

   $ 129,127

* For the period from October 1, 2000 to August 30, 2001, the Fund paid fees to the transfer agent at lower rates than the ones currently in effect. If the current rates had been in effect for that period, the fees paid may have been higher. The current fees became effective on August 30, 2001.

 

Accounting Services

 

The table below shows the amounts paid by the Fund to State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) and to the Manager for accounting services for the periods indicated:

 

Fiscal Year Ended September 30,


   Paid to
State
Street


    Paid to
the
Manager


2003

   $ 122,112     $ 5,797

2002

   $ 124,575     $ 14,002

2001

   $ 96,943   $ 40,296

Represents payments pursuant to the agreement with State Street effective January 1, 2001.
*

 

V. Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses

 

Set forth below is information on sales charges (including any contingent deferred sales charges (“CDSCs”)) received by the Fund, including amounts paid to Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (“Merrill Lynch”) for the Fund’s last three fiscal years.

 

Class A and Class I Sales Charge Information

 

     Class A Shares*

For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30,


   Gross
Sales
Charges
Collected


   Sales
Charges
Retained
By
Distributor


   Sales
Charges
Paid To
Merrill
Lynch


   CDSCs
Received on
Redemption
of Load-
Waived
Shares


2003

   $ 34,316    $ 3,845    $ 30,471    $ 0

2002

   $ 32,255    $ 3,031    $ 29,224    $ 0

2001

   $ 19,823    $ 1,473    $ 18,350    $ 0

 

     Class I Shares*

For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30,


   Gross
Sales
Charges
Collected


   Sales
Charges
Retained
By
Distributor


   Sales
Charges
Paid To
Merrill
Lynch


   CDSCs
Received on
Redemption
of Load-
Waived
Shares


2003

   $ 3,724    $ 345    $ 3,379    $ 9,262

2002

   $ 3,428    $ 280    $ 3,148    $ 17,057

2001

   $ 1,198    $ 99    $ 1,099    $ 0

 

* Prior to April 14, 2003, Class A shares were designated Class D and Class I shares were designated Class A.

 

I-9


Class B and Class C Sales Charge Information

 

     Class B Shares*

For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30,


   CDSCs
Received
by
Distributor


   CDSCs
Paid to
Merrill
Lynch


2003

   $ 93,101    $ 93,101

2002

   $ 101,731    $ 101,731

2001

   $ 109,460    $ 109,460

* Additional Class B CDSCs payable to the Distributor may have been waived or converted to a contingent obligation in connection with a shareholder’s participation in certain fee-based programs.

 

     Class C Shares

For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30,


   CDSCs
Received
by
Distributor


   CDSCs
Paid to
Merrill
Lynch


2003

   $ 3,407    $ 3,407

2002

   $ 4,911    $ 4,911

2001

   $ 901    $ 901

 

As of September 30, 2003, direct cash distribution revenues for the period since the commencement of operations of Class B shares exceeded direct cash distribution expenses by $ 26,070,270 (29.07 % of Class B average net assets at that date). As of September 30, 2003, direct cash distribution revenues for the period since the commencement of operations of Class C shares exceeded direct cash distribution expenses by $233,429 (1.48 % of Class C average net assets at that date).

 

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003, the Trust paid the Distributor $146,365 pursuant to the Class A Distribution Plan (based on average daily net assets subject to such Class A Distribution Plan of approximately $146.4 million), all of which was paid to Merrill Lynch for providing account maintenance activities in connection with Class A shares. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003, the Trust paid the Distributor $448,447 pursuant to the Class B Distribution Plan (based on average daily net assets subject to such Class B Distribution Plan of approximately $89.7 million), all of which was paid to Merrill Lynch for providing account maintenance and distribution-related activities and services in connection with Class B shares. For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003, the Trust paid the Distributor $94,392 pursuant to the Class C Distribution Plan (based on average daily net assets subject to such Class C Distribution Plan of approximately $15.7 million), all of which was paid to Merrill Lynch for providing account maintenance and distribution-related activities and services in connection with Class C shares.

 

Limitations on the Payment of Deferred Sales Charges

 

The following table sets forth comparative information as of September 30, 2003 with respect to the Class B and Class C shares of the Fund indicating the maximum allowable payments that can be made under the NASD maximum sales charge rule and, with respect to the Class B shares, the Distributor’s voluntary maximum.

 

     Data Calculated as of September 30, 2003

     (in thousands)
     Eligible
Gross
Sales(1)


   Allowable
Aggregate
Sales
Charge(2)


   Allowable
Interest on
Unpaid
Balance(3)


   Maximum
Amount
Payable


   Amounts
Previously
Paid to
Distributor
(4)


   Aggregate
Unpaid
Balance


   Annual
Distribution
Fee at
Current
Net Asset
Level(5)


Class B Shares for the period November 1, 1985 (commencement of operations) to September 30, 2003

                                                

Under NASD Rule as Adopted

   $ 1,487,597    $ 91,610    $ 176,455    $ 268,065    $ 35,092    $ 232,973    $ 196

Under Distributor’s Voluntary Waiver

   $ 1,487,597    $ 91,610    $ 8,803    $ 100,413    $ 35,092    $ 65,321    $ 196

 

I-10


     Data Calculated as of September 30, 2003

     (in thousands)
     Eligible
Gross
Sales(1)


   Allowable
Aggregate
Sales
Charge(2)


   Allowable
Interest
on Unpaid
Balance(3)


   Maximum
Amount
Payable


   Amounts
Previously
Paid to
Distributor
(4)


   Aggregate
Unpaid
Balance


   Annual
Distribution
Fee at
Current
Net Asset
Level(5)


Class C Shares for the period October 21, 1994 (commencement of operations) to September 30, 2003

                                                

Under NASD Rule as Adopted

   $ 27,330    $ 1,693    $ 607    $ 2,300    $ 248    $ 2,052    $ 58

(1) Purchase price of all eligible Class B or Class C shares sold during the periods indicated other than shares acquired through dividend reinvestment and the exchange privilege.
(2) Includes amounts attributable to exchanges from Summit Cash Reserves Fund (“Summit”) which are not reflected in Eligible Gross Sales. Shares of Summit can only be purchased by exchange from another fund (the “redeemed fund “). Upon such an exchange, the maximum allowable sales charge payment to the redeemed fund is reduced in accordance with the amount of the redemption. This amount is then added to the maximum allowable sales charge payment with respect to Summit. Upon an exchange out of Summit, the remaining balance of this amount is deducted from the maximum allowable sales charge payment to Summit and added to the maximum allowable sales charge payment to the fund into which the exchange is made.
(3) Interest is computed on a monthly basis based upon the prime rate, as reported in The Wall Street Journal, plus 1.00%, as permitted under the NASD Rule.
(4) Consists of CDSC payments, distribution fee payments and accruals. See “Key Facts —Fees and Expenses “in the Prospectus. This figure may include CDSCs that were deferred when a shareholder redeemed shares prior to the expiration of the applicable CDSC period and invested the proceeds, without the imposition of a sales charge, in Class I shares in conjunction with the shareholder’s participation in the Mutual Funds Advisor (“MFA”) Program. The CDSC is booked as a contingent obligation that may be payable if the shareholder terminates participation in the MFA Program.
(5) Provided to illustrate the extent to which the current level of distribution fee payments (not including any CDSC payments) is amortizing the unpaid balance. No assurance can be given that payments of the distribution fee will reach either the voluntary maximum (with respect to Class B shares) or the NASD maximum (with respect to Class B and Class C shares).

 

Computation of Offering Price

 

An illustration of the computation of the offering price for Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I shares of the Fund based on the value of the Fund’s net assets and number of shares outstanding on September 30, 2003 is set forth below.

 

     Class A*

   Class B***

   Class C***

   Class I*

Net Assets

   $ 150,395,349    $ 78,510,069    $ 16,729,269    $ 10,274,423

Number of Shares Outstanding

     13,397,169      6,989,417      1,488,903      914,956

Net Asset Value Per Share (net assets

divided by number of shares

outstanding)

   $ 11.23    $ 11.23    $ 11.24    $ 11.23

Sales Charge (for Class A and Class I

Shares: 4.00 % of offering price; 4.17 % of

net asset value per share)**

     .47      ***      ***      .47
    

  

  

  

Offering Price

   $ 11.70    $ 11.23    $ 11.24    $ 11.70
    

  

  

  


* Prior to April 14, 2003, Class A shares were designated Class D and Class I shares were designated Class A.
** Rounded to the nearest one-hundredth percent; assumes maximum sales charge is applicable.
*** Class B and Class C shares are not subject to an initial sales charge but may be subject to a CDSC on redemption of shares. See “Purchase of Shares Deferred Sales Charge Alternatives—Class B and Class C Shares” herein.

 

I-11


VII. Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage

 

See Part II—“Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage” of this Statement of Additional Information for further information. Information about the brokerage commissions paid by the Fund, including commissions paid to Merrill Lynch, is set forth in the following table.

 

For the Fiscal Year Ended September 30,


  

Aggregate
Brokerage

Commissions
Paid


  

Commissions
Paid to

Merrill
Lynch


2003

   $ 4,025    $ 1,595

2002

   $ 14,049    $ 0

2001

   $ 11,050    $ 0

 

For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2003, the brokerage commissions paid to Merrill Lynch represented 39.63% of the aggregate commissions paid and involved 14.32% of the Fund’s dollar amount of transactions involving payment of commissions during the year.

 

No Transactions were executed pursuant to the Exemptive Order for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2001, September 30, 2002 and September 30,2003.

 

VIII. Fund Performance

 

Set forth below is total return (before and after taxes), yield and tax-equivalent yield information for the Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I shares of the Fund for the periods indicated, expressed as a percentage based on a hypothetical $1,000 investment.

 

    

Class
A*

Shares


   

Class
B

Shares


   

Class
C

Shares


   

Class
I*

Shares


 
    

Average Annual Total Return

Return Before Taxes

(including maximum applicable
sales charge)

 

Period


                        

One Year Ended September 30, 2003

   -1.22 %   -1.53 %   1.39 %   -1.22 %

Five Years Ended September 30, 2003

   3.18 %   3.28 %   3.50 %   3.28 %

Ten Years Ended September 30, 2003

   —       4.16 %   —       4.27 %

Inception (October 21, 1994) to September 30, 2003

   5.39 %   —       5.35 %   —    

 

    

Class
A*

Shares


   

Class
B

Shares


   

Class
C

Shares


   

Class
I*

Shares


 
    

Average Annual Total Return

After Taxes on Dividends

(including maximum applicable
sales charge)

 

One Year Ended September 30, 2003

   -1.22 %   -1.54 %   1.39 %   -1.23 %

Five Years Ended September 30, 2003

   3.05 %   3.14 %   3.37 %   3.15 %

Ten Years Ended September 30, 2003

   —       4.01 %   —       4.11 %

Inception (October 21, 1994) to September 30, 2003

   5.32 %   —       5.27 %   —    

 

I-12


    

Class
A*

Shares


   

Class
B

Shares


   

Class
C

Shares


   

Class
I*

Shares


 
    

Average Annual Total Return

After Taxes on Dividends and
Redemptions

(including maximum applicable
sales charge)

 

One Year Ended September 30, 2003

   0.82 %   0.54 %   2.40 %   0.85 %

Five Years Ended September 30, 2003

   3.30 %   3.35 %   3.52 %   3.40 %

Ten Years Ended September 30, 2003

   —       4.11 %   —       4.25 %

Inception (October 21, 1994) to September 30, 2003

   5.31 %   —       5.22 %   —    
     Yield

 

30 Days Ended September 30, 2003

   4.29 %   4.07 %   3.97 %   4.39 %
     Tax Equivalent Yield#

 

30 Days Ended September 30, 2003

   5.92 %   5.61
%
 
 
  5.48 %   6.06
%
 
 

* Prior to April 14, 2003, Class A shares were designated Class D and Class I shares were designated Class A.
# Based on a Federal income tax rate of 27.5%.

 

IX. Additional Information

 

State Tax Issues

 

The portion of the Fund’s exempt-interest dividends paid from interest received by the Fund from New York Municipal Bonds will be exempt from New York State and New York City personal income taxes. Shareholders subject to income taxation by states other than New York and cities other than New York City will realize a lower after-tax rate of return than New York State and/or City shareholders since the dividends distributed by the Fund generally will not be exempt, to any significant degree, from income taxation by such other states and/or cities. The Trust will inform shareholders annually regarding the portion of the Fund’s distributions that constitutes exempt-interest dividends and the portion that is exempt from New York State and New York City personal income taxes.

 

Interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry Fund shares is not deductible for New York State and New York City personal income tax purposes to the extent attributable to exempt-interest dividends.

 

Fund distributions derived from income on its taxable investments or from the excess of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses are considered ordinary income for New York State and New York City personal income tax purposes. Distributions from capital gains for New York State and New York City personal income tax purposes are treated as capital gains which are taxed at ordinary income tax rates.

 

Distributions from investment income and capital gains, including exempt-interest dividends, will be subject to New York State corporate franchise tax, New York City general corporation tax and may also be subject to other state and local taxes. Accordingly, investors in the Fund, in particular corporate investors, should consult their tax advisers with respect to the application of such taxes to an investment in the Fund, to the receipt of Fund dividends and as to their New York tax situation in general.

 

Description of Shares

 

The Trust is a business trust organized on August 2, 1985 under the laws of Massachusetts. On October 1, 1987, the Trust changed its name from “Merrill Lynch Multi-State Tax-Exempt Series Trust “ to “Merrill Lynch Multi-State Municipal Bond Series Trust,” and on December 22,1987 the Trust again changed its name to “Merrill Lynch Multi-State Municipal Series Trust.” The Trust is an open-end management investment company comprised of separate Series, each of which is a separate portfolio offering shares to selected groups of purchasers. Each of the Series is managed independently in order to provide shareholders who are residents of the state to which such Series relates with income exempt from Federal, and in certain cases, state and local income taxes. The Trustees are authorized to create an unlimited number of Series and, with respect to each Series, to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest, $.10 par value per share, of different classes and to divide or combine the shares into a greater or lesser number of shares without thereby changing the proportionate beneficial interests in the Series. The Trust is presently comprised of the Merrill Lynch Florida Municipal Bond Fund, Merrill Lynch New Jersey Municipal Bond Fund, Merrill Lynch Pennsylvania Municipal Bond Fund and Merrill Lynch New York Municipal Bond Fund. Shareholder approval is not required for the authorization of additional Series or classes of a Series of the Trust.

 

I-13


Principal Shareholders

 

To the knowledge of the Fund, the following entities owned beneficially 5% or more of the Fund’s shares as of January 16, 2004.

 

Name


  

Address


  

Percentage and Class


Lawrence Katzman

  

800 Scudders Mill Road

Plainsboro, NJ 08536

   12.2% of Class I

Merrill Lynch Trust Co., + FSB

TTEE Omar Butler Supplemental Needs Trust

  

800 Scudders Mill Road

Plainsboro, NJ 08536

   9.6% of Class I

Mrs. Ruth Halle Rowen

  

800 Scudders Mill Road

Plainsboro, NJ 08536

   5.1% of Class I

Joseph Sirulnick

  

800 Scudders Mill Road

Plainsboro, NJ 08536

   8.5% of Class A

Merrill Lynch Trust Company is the record holder on behalf of certain employee retirement, personal trust or savings plan accounts for which it acts as trustee.

 

X. Financial Statements

 

The Fund’s audited financial statements are incorporated in this Statement of Additional Information by reference to the Fund’s 2003 Annual Report. You may request a copy of the Annual Report at no charge by calling 1-800-637-3863 between 8:30 a.m. and 5:30 p.m. Eastern time on any business day.

 

I-14


PART II

 

Part II of this Statement of Additional Information contains information about the following funds: Core Bond Portfolio, High Income Portfolio and Intermediate Term Portfolio of Merrill Lynch Bond Fund, Inc. (“Bond Fund”); Merrill Lynch California Insured Municipal Bond Fund of the Merrill Lynch California Municipal Series Trust (“California Insured”); Merrill Lynch Inflation Protected Fund (“Inflation Protected”); Merrill Lynch Low Duration Fund of Merrill Lynch Investment Managers Funds, Inc. (“Low Duration”); Insured Portfolio, National Portfolio and Limited Maturity Portfolio of Merrill Lynch Municipal Bond Fund, Inc. (“Municipal Bond”); Merrill Lynch Municipal Intermediate Term Fund of Merrill Lynch Municipal Series Trust (“Municipal Intermediate Term”); Merrill Lynch Florida Municipal Bond Fund (“Florida Municipal Bond”), Merrill Lynch New Jersey Municipal Bond Fund (“New Jersey Municipal Bond”), Merrill Lynch New York Municipal Bond Fund (“New York Municipal Bond”) and Merrill Lynch Pennsylvania Municipal Bond Fund (“Pennsylvania Municipal Bond”) of Merrill Lynch Multi-State Municipal Series Trust; Merrill Lynch Real Asset Fund (“Real Asset”); Merrill Lynch Short Term U.S. Government Fund, Inc. (“Short Term U.S. Government”); Merrill Lynch U.S. Government Mortgage Fund (“U.S. Government Mortgage”); Merrill Lynch U.S. High Yield Fund, Inc. (“U.S. High Yield”); Merrill Lynch World Income Fund, Inc. (“World Income”); and The Municipal Fund Investment Accumulation Program (“Municipal Investment Accumulation”).

 

Throughout this Statement of Additional Information, each of the above listed funds may be referred to as a “Fund” or collectively as the “Funds.” California Insured, Municipal Bond, Municipal Intermediate Term, Florida Municipal Bond, New Jersey Municipal Bond, New York Municipal Bond, Pennsylvania Municipal Bond and Municipal Investment Accumulation are collectively referred to herein as the “Municipal Funds.”

 

Each Fund is organized either as a Maryland corporation or a Massachusetts business trust. In each jurisdiction, nomenclature varies. For ease and clarity of presentation, shares of common stock and shares of beneficial interest are referred to herein as “shares” or “Common Stock,” holders of shares or Common Stock are referred to as “shareholders,” the trustees or directors of each Fund are referred to as “Directors,” Merrill Lynch Investment Managers, L.P. (“MLIM”) or Fund Asset Management, L.P. (“FAM”), as applicable, is the investment adviser or manager of each Fund and each is referred to as the “Manager,” and the investment advisory agreement or management agreement applicable to each Fund is referred to as the “Management Agreement.” Each Fund’s Articles of Incorporation or Declaration of Trust is referred to as its “charter.” The Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, is referred to herein as the “Investment Company Act” and the Securities and Exchange Commission is referred to as the “Commission.”

 

Certain Funds are “feeder” funds (each, a “Feeder Fund”) that invest all of their assets in a corresponding “master” portfolio (each, a “Master Portfolio”) of a master trust (each, a “Master Trust”), a mutual fund that has the same objective as the corresponding Feeder Fund. All investments will be made at the level of the Master Trust. This structure is sometimes called a “master/feeder” structure. A Feeder Fund’s investment results will correspond directly to the investment results of the underlying Master Trust in which it invests. For simplicity, this Statement of Additional Information uses the term “Fund” to include both a Feeder Fund and its Master Trust.

 

INVESTMENT RISKS AND CONSIDERATIONS

 

Set forth below are descriptions of some of the types of investments and investment strategies that one or more of the Funds may use, and the risks and considerations associated with those investments and investment strategies. Please see each Fund’s Prospectus and Part I, Section I “Investment Objectives and Policies” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for a complete description of each Fund’s investment policies and risks. Information contained in this section about the risks and considerations associated with a Fund’s investments and/or investment strategies applies only to those Funds specifically identified as making each type of investment or using each investment strategy (each, a “Covered Fund”). Information that does not apply to a Covered Fund does not form a part of that Covered Fund’s Statement of Additional Information and should not be relied on by investors in the Covered Fund. Only information that is clearly identified as applicable to a Covered Fund is considered to form a part of that Covered Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.

 

II-1


   

Bond

Fund - Core

Bond

Portfolio


 

Bond

Fund - High

Income

Portfolio


 

Bond

Fund -

Intermediate

Term
Portfolio


 

California

Insured


 

Inflation

Protected


 

Low

Duration


 

Municipal

Bond -

Insured

Portfolio


 

Municipal

Bond -

National

Portfolio


 

Municipal

Bond -

Limited

Maturity

Portfolio


 

Municipal

Intermediate

Term


 

Florida

Municipal

Bond


Investment in Other Investment Companies

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Securities Lending

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Convertible Securities

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Borrowing and Leverage

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

When Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Warrants

  X   X   X       X                        

Standby Commitment Agreements

  X   X   X       X                        

Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

                  X   X                    

Dollar Rolls

                  X   X                    

Illiquid or Restricted Securities

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

144A Securities

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Debt Securities

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Junk Bonds

  X   X   X   X   X   X       X   X   X   X

Corporate Loans

      X               X   X   X   X        

Distressed Securities

      X                                    

Mortgage-Related Securities

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Mortgage Backed Securities

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Mortgage Pass-Through Securities

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”)

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities

  X   X   X       X   X                    

CMO Residuals

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Stripped Mortgage Backed Securities

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Tiered Index Bonds

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Asset Backed Securities

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Foreign Investment Risks

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Foreign Market Risk

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Foreign Economy Risk

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Currency Risk and Exchange Risk

  X   X   X           X                    

Governmental Supervision and Regulation/Accounting Standards

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Certain Risks of Holding Fund Assets Outside the U.S.

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Settlement Risk

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Investment in Emerging Markets

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Restrictions on Certain Investments

                                           

Supranational Entities

                  X   X                    

Sovereign Debt

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Short Sales

  X       X       X   X                    

 

   

New Jersey

Municipal

Bond


 

New York

Municipal

Bond


 

Pennsylvania

Municipal

Bond


 

Short Term

U.S.

Government


 

U.S.

Government

Mortgage


 

U.S.

High

Yield


 

World

Income


 

Municipal

Investment
Accumulation


 

Real
Asset


Investment in Other Investment Companies

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Securities Lending

              X   X   X   X       X

Convertible Securities

                      X   X       X

Borrowing and Leverage

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

When Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Warrants

                      X   X       X

Standby Commitment Agreements

                      X           X

Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

              X                    

Dollar Rolls

              X   X               X

Illiquid or Restricted Securities

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

144A Securities

              X   X   X   X       X

Debt Securities

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Junk Bonds

  X   X   X           X   X       X

Corporate Loans

                      X            

Distressed Securities

                      X            

Mortgage-Related Securities

              X   X       X       X

Mortgage Backed Securities

              X   X       X       X

Mortgage Pass-Through Securities

              X   X       X       X

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”)

              X   X       X       X

Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities

              X   X       X       X

CMO Residuals

              X   X       X       X

Stripped Mortgage Backed Securities

              X   X               X

Tiered Index Bonds

              X   X       X       X

Asset Backed Securities

              X   X   X   X       X

Foreign Investment Risks

                      X   X       X

Foreign Market Risk

                      X   X       X

Foreign Economy Risk

                      X   X       X

Currency Risk and Exchange Risk

                      X   X       X

Governmental Supervision and Regulation/Accounting Standards

                      X   X       X

Certain Risks of Holding Fund Assets Outside the U.S.

                      X   X       X

Settlement Risk

                      X   X       X

Investment in Emerging Markets

                          X       X

Restrictions on Certain Investments

                          X        

Supranational Entities

                          X        

Sovereign Debt

                          X        

Short Sales

              X   X               X

 

II-2


    Bond
Fund - Core
Bond
Portfolio


  Bond
Fund - High
Income
Portfolio


 

Bond

Fund -

Intermediate
Term
Portfolio


  California
Insured


  Inflation
Protected


  Low
Duration


  Municipal
Bond - Insured
Portfolio


  Municipal
Bond - National
Portfolio


 

Municipal
Bond -

Limited
Maturity
Portfolio


  Municipal
Intermediate
Term


  Florida
Municipal
Bond


Derivatives

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Hedging

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Indexed and Inverse Floating Rate Securities

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Swap Agreements

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Options on Securities and Securities Indices

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Purchasing Put Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Purchasing Call Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Options on Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) Certificates

  X   X   X       X   X                   X

Writing Call Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Writing Put Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Types of Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Futures

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Foreign Exchange Transactions

  X   X   X           X                    

Forward Foreign Exchange Transactions

  X   X   X           X                    

Currency Futures

  X   X   X           X                    

Currency Options

  X   X   X           X                    

Limitations on Currency Hedging

  X   X   X           X                    

Risk Factors in Hedging Foreign Currency Risks

  X   X   X           X                    

Risk Factors in Derivatives

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Credit Risk

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Currency Risk

  X   X   X           X                    

Leverage Risk

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Liquidity Risk

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Additional Risk Factors of OTC Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Credit Default Swap Agreements

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Stripped Securities

  X   X   X       X   X                    

Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”)

  X   X   X           X                    

Zero Coupon Securities

  X   X   X       X                        

Municipal Investments

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Risk Factors and Special Considerations Relating to Municipal Bonds

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Description of Municipal Bonds

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

General Obligation Bonds

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Revenue Bonds

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

IDBs and PABs

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Moral Obligation Bonds

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Municipal Notes

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Municipal Commercial Paper

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Municipal Lease Obligations

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Yields

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Variable Rate Demand Obligations (“VRDOs”) and Participating VRDOs

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Transactions in Financial Futures Contracts

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Call Rights

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Municipal Interest Rate Swap Transactions

              X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

 

    New Jersey
Municipal
Bond


  New York
Municipal
Bond


  Pennsylvania
Municipal
Bond


  Short Term
U.S.
Government


  U.S.
Government
Mortgage


  U.S.
High
Yield


  World
Income


  Municipal
Investment
Accumulation


  Real
Asset


Derivatives

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Hedging

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Indexed and Inverse Floating Rate Securities

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Swap Agreements

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Options on Securities and Securities Indices

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Purchasing Put Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Purchasing Call Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Options on Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) Certificates

              X   X               X

Writing Call Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Writing Put Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Types of Options

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Futures

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Foreign Exchange Transactions

                      X   X       X

Forward Foreign Exchange Transactions

                      X   X       X

Currency Futures

                      X   X       X

Currency Options

                      X   X       X

Limitations on Currency Hedging

                      X   X       X

Risk Factors in Hedging Foreign Currency Risks

                      X   X       X

Risk Factors in Derivatives

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Credit Risk

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Currency Risk

                      X   X       X

Leverage Risk

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Liquidity Risk

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Additional Risk Factors of OTC Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives

  X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X   X

Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors

              X   X   X   X       X

Credit Default Swap Agreements

              X   X   X   X       X

Stripped Securities

              X   X               X

Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”)

              X       X            

Zero Coupon Securities

              X   X   X           X

Municipal Investments

  X   X   X                   X    

Risk Factors and Special Considerations Relating to Municipal Bonds

  X   X   X                   X    

Description of Municipal Bonds

  X   X   X                   X    

General Obligation Bonds

  X   X   X                   X    

Revenue Bonds

  X   X   X                   X    

IDBs and PABs

  X   X   X                   X    

Moral Obligation Bonds

  X   X   X                   X    

Municipal Notes

  X   X   X                   X    

Municipal Commercial Paper

  X   X   X                   X    

Municipal Lease Obligations

  X   X   X                   X    

Yields

  X   X   X                   X    

Variable Rate Demand Obligations (“VRDOs”) and Participating VRDOs

  X   X   X                   X    

Transactions in Financial Futures Contracts

  X   X   X                   X    

Call Rights

  X   X   X                   X    

Municipal Interest Rate Swap Transactions

  X   X   X                   X    

 

II-3


Investment in Other Investment Companies. Each Fund may invest in other investment companies whose investment objectives and policies are consistent with those of the Fund. In accordance with the Investment Company Act, a Fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in securities of other investment companies. In addition, under the Investment Company Act a Fund may not own more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any investment company and not more than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets may be invested in securities of any investment company. (These limits do not restrict a Feeder Fund from investing all of its assets in shares of its Master Portfolio.) Each Fund has received an exemptive order from the Commission permitting it to invest in affiliated registered money market funds and in an affiliated private investment company without regard to such limitations, provided however, that in all cases the Fund’s aggregate investment of cash in shares of such investment companies shall not exceed 25% of the Fund’s total assets at any time. If a Fund acquires shares in investment companies, shareholders would bear both their proportionate share of expenses in the Fund (including management and advisory fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of such investment companies (including management and advisory fees). Investments by a Fund in wholly owned investment entities created under the laws of certain countries will not be deemed an investment in other investment companies.

 

Securities Lending. Each Fund may lend securities with a value not exceeding 33 1/3% of its total assets or the limit prescribed by applicable law to banks, brokers and other financial institutions. In return, the Fund receives collateral in cash or securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, which will be maintained at all times in an amount equal to at least 100% of the current market value of the loaned securities. Each Fund maintains the ability to obtain the right to vote or consent on proxy proposals involving material events affecting securities loaned. A Fund receives the income on the loaned securities. Where a Fund receives securities as collateral, the Fund receives a fee for its loans from the borrower and does not receive the income on the collateral. Where a Fund receives cash collateral, it may invest such collateral and retain the amount earned, net of any amount rebated to the borrower. As a result, the Fund’s yield may increase. Loans of securities are terminable at any time and the borrower, after notice, is required to return borrowed securities within the standard time period for settlement of securities transactions. The Fund is obligated to return the collateral to the borrower at the termination of the loan. A Fund could suffer a loss in the event the Fund must return the cash collateral and there are losses on investments made with the cash collateral. In the event the borrower defaults on any of its obligations with respect to a securities loan, a Fund could suffer a loss where there are losses on investments made with the cash collateral or, where the value of the securities collateral falls below the market value of the borrowed securities. A Fund could also experience delays and costs in gaining access to the collateral. Each Fund may pay reasonable finder’s, lending agent, administrative and custodial fees in connection with its loans. Each Fund has received an exemptive order from the Commission permitting it to lend portfolio securities to Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated or its affiliates and to retain an affiliate of the Fund as lending agent.

 

Convertible Securities. Convertible securities entitle the holder to receive interest payments paid on corporate debt securities or the dividend preference on a preferred stock until such time as the convertible security matures or is redeemed or until the holder elects to exercise the conversion privilege. Synthetic convertible securities may be either (i) a debt security or preferred stock that may be convertible only under certain contingent circumstances or that may pay the holder a cash amount based on the value of shares of underlying common stock partly or wholly in lieu of a conversion right (a “Cash-Settled Convertible”), (ii) a combination of separate securities chosen by the Manager in order to create the economic characteristics of a convertible security, i.e., a fixed income security paired with a security with equity conversion features, such as an option or warrant (a “Manufactured Convertible”) or (iii) a synthetic security manufactured by another party.

 

The characteristics of convertible securities make them appropriate investments for an investment company seeking a high total return from capital appreciation and investment income. These characteristics include the potential for capital appreciation as the value of the underlying common stock increases, the relatively high yield received from dividend or interest payments as compared to common stock dividends and decreased risks of decline in value relative to the underlying common stock due to their fixed-income nature. As a result of the conversion feature, however, the interest rate or dividend preference on a convertible security is generally less than would be the case if the securities were issued in nonconvertible form.

 

In analyzing convertible securities, the Manager will consider both the yield on the convertible security relative to its credit quality and the potential capital appreciation that is offered by the underlying common stock, among other things.

 

II-4


Convertible securities are issued and traded in a number of securities markets. Even in cases where a substantial portion of the convertible securities held by a Fund are denominated in U.S. dollars, the underlying equity securities may be quoted in the currency of the country where the issuer is domiciled. With respect to convertible securities denominated in a currency different from that of the underlying equity securities, the conversion price may be based on a fixed exchange rate established at the time the security is issued. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the currency in which the debt security is denominated and the currency in which the share price is quoted will affect the value of the convertible security. As described below, a Fund is authorized to enter into foreign currency hedging transactions in which it may seek to reduce the effect of such fluctuations.

 

Apart from currency considerations, the value of convertible securities is influenced by both the yield of nonconvertible securities of comparable issuers and by the value of the underlying common stock. The value of a convertible security viewed without regard to its conversion feature (i.e., strictly on the basis of its yield) is sometimes referred to as its “investment value.” To the extent interest rates change, the investment value of the convertible security typically will fluctuate. However, at the same time, the value of the convertible security will be influenced by its “conversion value,” which is the market value of the underlying common stock that would be obtained if the convertible security were converted. Conversion value fluctuates directly with the price of the underlying common stock. If, because of a low price of the common stock the conversion value is substantially below the investment value of the convertible security, the price of the convertible security is governed principally by its investment value.

 

To the extent the conversion value of a convertible security increases to a point that approximates or exceeds its investment value, the price of the convertible security will be influenced principally by its conversion value. A convertible security will sell at a premium over the conversion value to the extent investors place value on the right to acquire the underlying common stock while holding a fixed-income security. The yield and conversion premium of convertible securities issued in Japan and the Euromarket are frequently determined at levels that cause the conversion value to affect their market value more than the securities’ investment value.

 

Holders of convertible securities generally have a claim on the assets of the issuer prior to the common stockholders but may be subordinated to other debt securities of the same issuer. A convertible security may be subject to redemption at the option of the issuer at a price established in the charter provision, indenture or other governing instrument pursuant to which the convertible security was issued. If a convertible security held by a Fund is called for redemption, the Fund will be required to redeem the security, convert it into the underlying common stock or sell it to a third party. Certain convertible debt securities may provide a put option to the holder, which entitles the holder to cause the security to be redeemed by the issuer at a premium over the stated principal amount of the debt security under certain circumstances.

 

As indicated above, synthetic convertible securities may include either Cash-Settled Convertibles or Manufactured Convertibles. Cash-Settled Convertibles are instruments that are created by the issuer and have the economic characteristics of traditional convertible securities but may not actually permit conversion into the underlying equity securities in all circumstances. As an example, a private company may issue a Cash-Settled Convertible that is convertible into common stock only if the company successfully completes a public offering of its common stock prior to maturity and otherwise pays a cash amount to reflect any equity appreciation. Manufactured Convertibles are created by the Manager by combining separate securities that possess one of the two principal characteristics of a convertible security, i.e., fixed income (“fixed income component”) or a right to acquire equity securities (“convertibility component”). The fixed income component is achieved by investing in nonconvertible fixed income securities, such as nonconvertible bonds, preferred stocks and money market instruments. The convertibility component is achieved by investing in call options, warrants, or other securities with equity conversion features (“equity features”) granting the holder the right to purchase a specified quantity of the underlying stocks within a specified period of time at a specified price or, in the case of a stock index option, the right to receive a cash payment based on the value of the underlying stock index.

 

A Manufactured Convertible differs from traditional convertible securities in several respects. Unlike a traditional convertible security, which is a single security having a unitary market value, a Manufactured Convertible is comprised of two or more separate securities, each with its own market value. Therefore, the total “market value “of such a Manufactured Convertible is the sum of the values of its fixed income component and its convertibility component.

 

More flexibility is possible in the creation of a Manufactured Convertible than in the purchase of a traditional convertible security. Because many corporations have not issued convertible securities, the Manager may combine a fixed income instrument and an equity feature with respect to the stock of the issuer of the fixed income instrument to create a synthetic

 

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convertible security otherwise unavailable in the market. The Manager may also combine a fixed income instrument of an issuer with an equity feature with respect to the stock of a different issuer when the Manager believes such a Manufactured Convertible would better promote a Fund’s objective than alternate investments. For example, the Manager may combine an equity feature with respect to an issuer’s stock with a fixed income security of a different issuer in the same industry to diversify the Fund’s credit exposure, or with a U.S. Treasury instrument to create a Manufactured Convertible with a higher credit profile than a traditional convertible security issued by that issuer. A Manufactured Convertible also is a more flexible investment in that its two components may be purchased separately and, upon purchasing the separate securities, “combined” to create a Manufactured Convertible. For example, the Fund may purchase a warrant for eventual inclusion in a Manufactured Convertible while postponing the purchase of a suitable bond to pair with the warrant pending development of more favorable market conditions.

 

The value of a Manufactured Convertible may respond differently to certain market fluctuations than would a traditional convertible security with similar characteristics. For example, in the event a Fund created a Manufactured Convertible by combining a short-term U.S. Treasury instrument and a call option on a stock, the Manufactured Convertible would likely outperform a traditional convertible of similar maturity that is convertible into that stock during periods when Treasury instruments outperform corporate fixed income securities and underperform during periods when corporate fixed-income securities outperform Treasury instruments.

 

Borrowing and Leverage. Each Fund may borrow from banks as a temporary measure for extraordinary or emergency purposes, including to meet redemptions or to settle securities transactions. Most Funds will not purchase securities at any time when borrowings exceed 5% of their total assets, except (a) to honor prior commitments or (b) to exercise subscription rights when outstanding borrowings have been obtained exclusively for settlements of other securities transactions. Certain Funds may also borrow in order to make investments. The purchase of securities while borrowings are outstanding will have the effect of leveraging the Fund. Such leveraging increases the Fund’s exposure to capital risk, and borrowed funds are subject to interest costs that will reduce net income. The use of leverage by a Fund creates an opportunity for greater total return, but, at the same time, creates special risks. For example, leveraging may exaggerate changes in the net asset value of Fund shares and in the yield on the Fund’s portfolio. Although the principal of such borrowings will be fixed, the Fund’s assets may change in value during the time the borrowings are outstanding. Borrowings will create interest expenses for the Fund that can exceed the income from the assets purchased with the borrowings. To the extent the income or capital appreciation derived from securities purchased with borrowed funds exceeds the interest the Fund will have to pay on the borrowings, the Fund’s return will be greater than if leverage had not been used. Conversely, if the income or capital appreciation from the securities purchased with such borrowed funds is not sufficient to cover the cost of borrowing, the return to the Fund will be less than if leverage had not been used, and therefore the amount available for distribution to shareholders as dividends will be reduced. In the latter case, the Manager in its best judgment nevertheless may determine to maintain the Fund’s leveraged position if it expects that the benefits to the Fund’s shareholders of maintaining the leveraged position will outweigh the current reduced return.

 

Certain types of borrowings by a Fund may result in the Fund being subject to covenants in credit agreements relating to asset coverage, portfolio composition requirements and other matters. It is not anticipated that observance of such covenants would impede the Manager from managing a Fund’s portfolio in accordance with the Fund’s investment objectives and policies. However, a breach of any such covenants not cured within the specified cure period may result in acceleration of outstanding indebtedness and require the Fund to dispose of portfolio investments at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.

 

Each Fund may at times borrow from affiliates of the Manager, provided that the terms of such borrowings are no less favorable than those available from comparable sources of funds in the marketplace.

 

When Issued Securities, Delayed Delivery Securities and Forward Commitments. A Fund may purchase or sell securities that it is entitled to receive on a when issued basis. A Fund may also purchase or sell securities on a delayed delivery basis or through a forward commitment. These transactions involve the purchase or sale of securities by a Fund at an established price with payment and delivery taking place in the future. The Fund enters into these transactions to obtain what is considered an advantageous price to the Fund at the time of entering into the transaction. No Fund has established any limit on the percentage of its assets that may be committed in connection with these transactions. When a Fund purchases securities in these transactions, the Fund segregates liquid securities in an amount equal to the amount of its purchase commitments.

 

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There can be no assurance that a security purchased on a when issued basis will be issued or that a security purchased or sold through a forward commitment will be delivered. The value of securities in these transactions on the delivery date may be more or less than the Fund’s purchase price. The Fund may bear the risk of a decline in the value of the security in these transactions and may not benefit from an appreciation in the value of the security during the commitment period.

 

Warrants. Warrants are securities permitting, but not obligating, the warrant holder to subscribe for other securities. Buying a warrant does not make the Fund a shareholder of the underlying stock. The warrant holder has no right to dividends or votes on the underlying stock. A warrant does not carry any right to assets of the issuer, and for this reason investment in warrants may be more speculative than other equity-based investments.

 

Standby Commitment Agreements. A Fund may enter into standby commitment agreements. These agreements commit a Fund, for a stated period of time, to purchase a stated amount of securities that may be issued and sold to that Fund at the option of the issuer. The price of the security is fixed at the time of the commitment. At the time of entering into the agreement the Fund is paid a commitment fee, regardless of whether or not the security is ultimately issued. A Fund will enter into such agreements for the purpose of investing in the security underlying the commitment at a price that is considered advantageous to the Fund. A Fund will limit its investment in such commitments so that the aggregate purchase price of securities subject to such commitments, together with the value of portfolio securities subject to legal restrictions on resale that affect their marketability, will not exceed 15% of its net assets taken at the time of the commitment. A Fund segregates liquid assets in an aggregate amount equal to the purchase price of the securities underlying the commitment.

 

There can be no assurance that the securities subject to a standby commitment will be issued, and the value of the security, if issued, on the delivery date may be more or less than its purchase price. Since the issuance of the security underlying the commitment is at the option of the issuer, the Fund may bear the risk of a decline in the value of such security and may not benefit from any appreciation in the value of the security during the commitment period.

 

The purchase of a security subject to a standby commitment agreement and the related commitment fee will be recorded on the date on which the security can reasonably be expected to be issued, and the value of the security thereafter will be reflected in the calculation of a Fund’s net asset value. The cost basis of the security will be adjusted by the amount of the commitment fee. In the event the security is not issued, the commitment fee will be recorded as income on the expiration date of the standby commitment.

 

Repurchase Agreements and Purchase and Sale Contracts. A Fund may invest in securities pursuant to repurchase agreements or purchase and sale contracts. Repurchase agreements and purchase and sale contracts may be entered into only with financial institutions which have capital of at least $50 million or whose obligations are guaranteed by an entity having capital of at least $50 million. Under such agreements, the other party agrees, upon entering into the contract with a Fund, to repurchase the security at a mutually agreed-upon time and price in a specified currency, thereby determining the yield during the term of the agreement. This results in a fixed rate of return insulated from market fluctuations during such period, although such return may be affected by currency fluctuations. In the case of repurchase agreements, the prices at which the trades are conducted do not reflect accrued interest on the underlying obligation; whereas, in the case of purchase and sale contracts, the prices take into account accrued interest. Such agreements usually cover short periods, such as under one week. Repurchase agreements may be construed to be collateralized loans by the purchaser to the seller secured by the securities transferred to the purchaser. In the case of a repurchase agreement, as a purchaser, a Fund will require the seller to provide additional collateral if the market value of the securities falls below the repurchase price at any time during the term of the repurchase agreement; the Fund does not have the right to seek additional collateral in the case of purchase and sale contracts. In the event of default by the seller under a repurchase agreement construed to be a collateralized loan, the underlying securities are not owned by the Fund but only constitute collateral for the seller’s obligation to pay the repurchase price. Therefore, the Fund may suffer time delays and incur costs or possible losses in connection with disposition of the collateral.

 

A purchase and sale contract differs from a repurchase agreement in that the contract arrangements stipulate that securities are owned by the Fund. In the event of a default under such a repurchase agreement or under a purchase and sale contract, instead of the contractual fixed rate, the rate of return to the Fund would be dependent upon intervening fluctuations of the market values of such securities and the accrued interest on the securities. In such event, the Fund would have rights against the seller for breach of contract with respect to any losses arising from market fluctuations following the failure of the seller to perform. A Fund may not invest in repurchase agreements or purchase and sale contracts maturing in more

 

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than seven days if such investments, together with the Fund’s other illiquid investments, would exceed 15% of the Fund’s net assets.

 

Reverse Repurchase Agreements. A Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements with the same parties with whom it may enter into repurchase agreements. Under a reverse repurchase agreement, a Fund sells securities and agrees to repurchase them at a mutually agreed date and price. At the time a Fund enters into a reverse repurchase agreement, it will establish and maintain a segregated account with its approved custodian containing cash, cash equivalents or liquid high grade debt securities having a value not less than the repurchase price (including accrued interest). Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of the securities retained in lieu of sale by a Fund may decline below the price of the securities the Fund has sold but is obligated to repurchase. In the event the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, such buyer or its trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce a Fund’s obligations to repurchase the securities and the Fund’s use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such decision.

 

Dollar Rolls. A Fund may enter into dollar rolls, in which the Fund will sell securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contract to repurchase substantially similar (the same type and coupon) securities on a specified future date from the same party. During the roll period, a Fund forgoes principal and interest paid on the securities sold. A Fund is compensated by the difference between the current sales price and the forward price for the future purchase (often referred to as the “drop”) as well as by the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the initial sale.

 

Dollar rolls involve the risk that the market value of the securities subject to a Fund’s forward purchase commitment may decline below the price of the securities the Fund has sold. In the event the buyer of the securities files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, a Fund’s use of the proceeds of the current sale portion of the transaction may be restricted pending a determination by the other party, or its trustee or receiver, whether to enforce the Fund’s obligation to purchase the similar securities in the forward transaction. Dollar rolls are speculative techniques that can be deemed to involve leverage. A Fund will engage in dollar roll transactions to enhance return and not for the purpose of borrowing. Each dollar roll transaction is accounted for as a sale of a portfolio security and a subsequent purchase of a substantially similar security in the forward market.

 

Illiquid or Restricted Securities. Each Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in securities that lack an established secondary trading market or otherwise are considered illiquid. Liquidity of a security relates to the ability to dispose easily of the security and the price to be obtained upon disposition of the security, which may be less than would be obtained for a comparable more liquid security. Illiquid securities may trade at a discount from comparable, more liquid investments. Investment of a Fund’s assets in illiquid securities may restrict the ability of the Fund to dispose of its investments in a timely fashion and for a fair price as well as its ability to take advantage of market opportunities. The risks associated with illiquidity will be particularly acute where a Fund’s operations require cash, such as when the Fund redeems shares or pays dividends, and could result in the Fund borrowing to meet short term cash requirements or incurring capital losses on the sale of illiquid investments.

 

A Fund may invest in securities that are not registered (“restricted securities”) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Restricted securities may be sold in private placement transactions between issuers and their purchasers and may be neither listed on an exchange nor traded in other established markets. In many cases, privately placed securities may not be freely transferable under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction or due to contractual restrictions on resale. As a result of the absence of a public trading market, privately placed securities may be less liquid and more difficult to value than publicly traded securities. To the extent that privately placed securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from the sales, due to illiquidity, could be less than those originally paid by the Fund or less than their fair market value. In addition, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements that may be applicable if their securities were publicly traded. If any privately placed securities held by a Fund are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. Certain of the Fund’s investments in private placements may consist of direct investments and may include investments in smaller, less seasoned issuers, which may involve greater risks. These issuers may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or they may be dependent on a limited management group. In making investments in such securities, a Fund may obtain access to material nonpublic information, which may restrict the Fund’s ability to conduct portfolio transactions in such securities.

 

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144A Securities. A Fund may purchase restricted securities that can be offered and sold to “qualified institutional buyers” under Rule 144A under the Securities Act. The Directors have determined to treat as liquid Rule 144A securities that are either freely tradable in their primary markets offshore or have been determined to be liquid in accordance with the policies and procedures adopted by the Fund’s Directors. The Directors have adopted guidelines and delegated to the Manager the daily function of determining and monitoring liquidity of restricted securities. The Directors, however, will retain sufficient oversight and be ultimately responsible for the determinations. Since it is not possible to predict with assurance exactly how this market for restricted securities sold and offered under Rule 144A will continue to develop, the Directors will carefully monitor a Fund’s investments in these securities. This investment practice could have the effect of increasing the level of illiquidity in a Fund to the extent that qualified institutional buyers become for a time uninterested in purchasing these securities.

 

Initial Public Offering Risk. The volume of initial public offerings and the levels at which the newly issued stocks trade in the secondary market are affected by the performance of the stock market overall. If initial public offerings are brought to the market, availability may be limited and the Fund may not be able to buy any shares at the offering price, or if it is able to buy shares, it may not be able to buy as many shares at the offering price as it would like. In addition, the prices of securities involved in initial public offerings are often subject to greater and more unpredictable price changes than more established stocks.

 

Debt Securities. Debt securities, such as bonds, involve credit risk. This is the risk that the issuer will not make timely payments of principal and interest. The degree of credit risk depends on the issuer’s financial condition and on the terms of the bonds. This risk is reduced to the extent a Fund limits its debt investments to U.S. Government securities. All debt securities, however, are subject to interest rate risk. This is the risk that the value of the security may fall when interest rates rise. In general, the market price of debt securities with longer maturities will go up or down more in response to changes in interest rates than the market price of shorter term securities.

 

Junk Bonds. Junk bonds are debt securities that are rated below investment grade by the major rating agencies or are unrated securities that Fund management believes are of comparable quality. Although junk bonds generally pay higher rates of interest than investment grade bonds, they are high risk investments that may cause income and principal losses for a Fund. The major risks in junk bond investments include the following:

 

    Junk bonds may be issued by less creditworthy companies. These securities are vulnerable to adverse changes in the issuer’s industry and to general economic conditions. Issuers of junk bonds may be unable to meet their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments or the unavailability of additional financing.

 

    The issuers of junk bonds may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade bonds. If the issuer experiences financial stress, it may be unable to meet its debt obligations. The issuer’s ability to pay its debt obligations also may be lessened by specific issuer developments, or the unavailability of additional financing.

 

    Junk bonds are frequently ranked junior to claims by other creditors. If the issuer cannot meet its obligations, the senior obligations are generally paid off before the junior obligations.

 

    Junk bonds frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from a Fund before it matures. If an issuer redeems the junk bonds, a Fund may have to invest the proceeds in bonds with lower yields and may lose income.

 

    Prices of junk bonds are subject to extreme price fluctuations. Negative economic developments may have a greater impact on the prices of junk bonds than on other higher rated fixed income securities.

 

    Junk bonds may be less liquid than higher rated fixed income securities even under normal economic conditions. There are fewer dealers in the junk bond market, and there may be significant differences in the prices quoted for junk bonds by the dealers. Because they are less liquid, judgment may play a greater role in valuing certain of a Fund’s portfolio securities than in the case of securities trading in a more liquid market.

 

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    A Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer.

 

Corporate Loans. Certain Funds can invest in corporate loans. Commercial banks and other financial institutions make corporate loans to companies that need capital to grow or restructure. Borrowers generally pay interest on corporate loans at rates that change in response to changes in market interest rates such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or the prime rate of U.S. banks. As a result, the value of corporate loan investments is generally less responsive to shifts in market interest rates. Because the trading market for corporate loans is less developed than the secondary market for bonds and notes, a Fund may experience difficulties from time to time in selling its corporate loans. Borrowers frequently provide collateral to secure repayment of these obligations. Leading financial institutions often act as agent for a broader group of lenders, generally referred to as a “syndicate.” The syndicate’s agent arranges the corporate loans, holds collateral and accepts payments of principal and interest. If the agent developed financial problems, a Fund may not recover its investment, or there might be a delay in the Fund’s recovery. By investing in a corporate loan, a Fund becomes a member of the syndicate.

 

As in the case of junk bonds, the Corporate Loans in which a Fund may invest can be expected to provide higher yields than higher-rated fixed income securities but may be subject to greater risk of loss of principal and income. There are, however, some significant differences between Corporate Loans and junk bonds. Corporate Loans are frequently secured by pledges of liens and security interests in the assets of the borrower, and the holders of Corporate Loans are frequently the beneficiaries of debt service subordination provisions imposed on the borrower’s bondholders. These arrangements are designed to give Corporate Loan investors preferential treatment over junk bond investors in the event of a deterioration in the credit quality of the issuer. Even when these arrangements exist, however, there can be no assurance that the principal and interest owed on the Corporate Loans will be repaid in full. Corporate Loans generally bear interest at rates set at a margin above a generally recognized base lending rate that may fluctuate on a day-to-day basis, in the case of the Prime Rate of a U.S. bank, or that may be adjusted on set dates, typically 30 days but generally not more than one year, in the case of LIBOR. Consequently, the value of Corporate Loans held by a Fund may be expected to fluctuate significantly less than the value of fixed rate junk bond instruments as a result of changes in the interest rate environment. On the other hand, the secondary dealer market for Corporate Loans is not as well developed as the secondary dealer market for junk bonds, and therefore presents increased market risk relating to liquidity and pricing concerns.

 

A Fund may acquire interests in Corporate Loans by means of a novation, assignment or participation. In a novation, the a Fund would succeed to all the rights and obligations of the assigning institution and become a contracting party under the credit agreement with respect to the debt obligation. As an alternative, a Fund may purchase an assignment, in which case the Fund may be required to rely on the assigning institution to demand payment and enforce its rights against the borrower but would otherwise typically be entitled to all of such assigning institution’s rights under the credit agreement. Participation interests in a portion of a debt obligation typically result in a contractual relationship only with the institution selling the participation interest and not with the borrower. In purchasing a loan participation, a Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement, nor any rights of set-off against the borrower, and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation. As a result, a Fund will assume the credit risk of both the borrower and the institution selling the participation to the Fund.

 

Distressed Securities. A Fund may invest in securities, including corporate loans purchased in the secondary market, which are the subject of bankruptcy proceedings or otherwise in default as to the repayment of principal and/or interest at the time of acquisition by the Fund or are rated in the lower rating categories (Ca or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and CC or lower by Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”)) or which, if unrated, are in the judgment of the Manager of equivalent quality (“Distressed Securities”). Investment in Distressed Securities is speculative and involves significant risks. Distressed Securities frequently do not produce income while they are outstanding and may require a Fund to bear certain extraordinary expenses in order to protect and recover its investment.

 

A Fund will generally make such investments only when the Manager believes it is reasonably likely that the issuer of the Distressed Securities will make an exchange offer or will be the subject of a plan of reorganization pursuant to which the Fund will receive new securities. However, there can be no assurance that such an exchange offer will be made or that such a plan of reorganization will be adopted. In addition, a significant period of time may pass between the time at which a Fund makes its investment in Distressed Securities and the time that any such exchange offer or plan of reorganization is completed. During this period, it is unlikely that a Fund will receive any interest payments on the Distressed Securities, the

 

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Fund will be subject to significant uncertainty as to whether or not the exchange offer or plan of reorganization will be completed and the Fund may be required to bear certain extraordinary expenses to protect and recover its investment. Even if an exchange offer is made or plan of reorganization is adopted with respect to Distressed Securities held by a Fund, there can be no assurance that the securities or other assets received by a Fund in connection with such exchange offer or plan of reorganization will not have a lower value or income potential than may have been anticipated when the investment was made. Moreover, any securities received by a Fund upon completion of an exchange offer or plan of reorganization may be restricted as to resale. As a result of a Fund’s participation in negotiations with respect to any exchange offer or plan of reorganization with respect to an issuer of Distressed Securities, the Fund may be restricted from disposing of such securities.

 

Mortgage-Related Securities

 

Mortgage-Backed Securities. Investing in mortgage-backed securities involves certain unique risks in addition to those generally associated with investing in the real estate industry in general. These unique risks include the failure of a party to meet its commitments under the related operative documents, adverse interest rate changes and the effects of prepayments on mortgage cash flows. Mortgage-backed securities are “pass-through” securities, meaning that principal and interest payments made by the borrower on the underlying mortgages are passed through to a Fund. The value of mortgage-backed securities, like that of traditional fixed-income securities, typically increases when interest rates fall and decreases when interest rates rise. However, mortgage-backed securities differ from traditional fixed-income securities because of their potential for prepayment without penalty. The price paid by a Fund for its mortgage backed securities, the yield the Fund expects to receive from such securities and the average life of the securities are based on a number of factors, including the anticipated rate of prepayment of the underlying mortgages. In a period of declining interest rates, borrowers may prepay the underlying mortgages more quickly than anticipated, thereby reducing the yield to maturity and the average life of the mortgage-backed securities. Moreover, when a Fund reinvests the proceeds of a prepayment in these circumstances, it will likely receive a rate of interest that is lower than the rate on the security that was prepaid.

 

To the extent that a Fund purchases mortgage-backed securities at a premium, mortgage foreclosures and principal prepayments may result in a loss to the extent of the premium paid. If a Fund buys such securities at a discount, both scheduled payments of principal and unscheduled prepayments will increase current and total returns and will accelerate the recognition of income which, when distributed to shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. In a period of rising interest rates, prepayments of the underlying mortgages may occur at a slower than expected rate, creating maturity extension risk. This particular risk may effectively change a security that was considered short or intermediate-term at the time of purchase into a long-term security. Since long-term securities generally fluctuate more widely in response to changes in interest rates than shorter-term securities, maturity extension risk could increase the inherent volatility of the Fund. Under certain interest rate and prepayment scenarios, a Fund may fail to recoup fully its investment in mortgage-backed securities notwithstanding any direct or indirect governmental or agency guarantee.

 

Mortgage Pass-Through Securities. Mortgage pass-through securities represent interests in pools of mortgages in which payments of both principal and interest on the securities are generally made monthly, in effect “passing through” monthly payments made by borrowers on the residential or commercial mortgage loans which underlie the securities (net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of the securities). Mortgage pass-through securities differ from other forms of debt securities, which normally provide for periodic payment of interest in fixed amounts with principal payments at maturity or specified call dates. Early repayment of principal on mortgage pass-through securities (arising from prepayments of principal due to the sale of underlying property, refinancing, or foreclosure, net of fees and costs which may be incurred) may expose a Fund to a lower rate of return upon reinvestment of principal. Also, if a security subject to repayment has been purchased at a premium, in the event of prepayment, the value of the premium would be lost.

 

There are currently three types of mortgage pass-through securities: (1) those issued by the U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”), the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”); (2) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by pass-through securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities; and (3) those issued by private issuers that represent an interest in or are collateralized by whole mortgage loans or pass-through securities without a government guarantee but usually having some form of private credit enhancement.

 

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Ginnie Mae is a wholly-owned U.S. government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Ginnie Mae is authorized to guarantee, with the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, the timely payment of principal and interest on securities issued by the institutions approved by Ginnie Mae (such as savings and loan institutions, commercial banks and mortgage banks), and backed by pools of Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”)-insured or Veterans’ Administration (“VA”)-guaranteed mortgages.

 

Obligations of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U. S. government. In the case of obligations not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, the Fund must look principally to the agency issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for ultimate repayment. Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac may borrow from the U.S. Treasury to meet its obligations, but the U.S. Treasury is under no obligation to lend to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.

 

Private mortgage pass-through securities are structured similarly to Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, and Freddie Mac mortgage pass-through securities and are issued by originators of and investors in mortgage loans, including depository institutions, mortgage banks, investment banks and special purpose subsidiaries of the foregoing.

 

Pools created by private mortgage pass-through issuers generally offer a higher rate of interest than government and government-related pools because there are no direct or indirect government or agency guarantees of payments in the private pools. However, timely payment of interest and principal of these pools may be supported by various forms of insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance and letters of credit. The insurance and guarantees are issued by governmental entities, private insurers and the mortgage poolers. The insurance and guarantees and the creditworthiness of the issuers thereof will be considered in determining whether a mortgage-related security meets a Fund’s investment quality standards. There can be no assurance that the private insurers or guarantors can meet their obligations under the insurance policies or guarantee arrangements. Private mortgage pass-through securities may be bought without insurance or guarantees if, through an examination of the loan experience and practices of the originator/ servicers and poolers, the Manager determines that the securities meet a Fund’s quality standards.

 

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations (“CMOs”). CMOs are debt obligations collateralized by residential or commercial mortgage loans or residential or commercial mortgage pass-through securities. Interest and prepaid principal are generally paid monthly. CMOs may be collateralized by whole mortgage loans or private mortgage pass-through securities but are more typically collateralized by portfolios of mortgage pass-through securities guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Freddie Mac, or Fannie Mae. The issuer of a series of CMOs may elect to be treated as a Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduit (“REMIC”). All future references to CMOs also include REMICs.

 

CMOs are structured into multiple classes, each bearing a different stated maturity. Actual maturity and average life will depend upon the prepayment experience of the collateral, which is ordinarily unrelated to the stated maturity date. CMOs often provide for a modified form of call protection through a de facto breakdown of the underlying pool of mortgages according to how quickly the loans are repaid. Monthly payment of principal received from the pool of underlying mortgages, including prepayments, is first returned to investors holding the shortest maturity class. Investors holding the longer maturity classes usually receive principal only after the first class has been retired. An investor may be partially protected against a sooner than desired return of principal because of the sequential payments.

 

Certain issuers of CMOs are not considered investment companies pursuant to a rule adopted by the Commission, and a Fund may invest in the securities of such issuers without the limitations imposed by the Investment Company Act on investments by a Fund in other investment companies. In addition, in reliance on an earlier Commission interpretation, a Fund’s investments in certain other qualifying CMOs, which cannot or do not rely on the rule, are also not subject to the limitation of the Investment Company Act on acquiring interests in other investment companies. In order to be able to rely on the Commission’s interpretation, these CMOs must be unmanaged, fixed asset issuers, that: (1) invest primarily in mortgage-backed securities; (2) do not issue redeemable securities; (3) operate under general exemptive orders exempting them from all provisions of the Investment Company Act; and (4) are not registered or regulated under the Investment Company Act as investment companies. To the extent that a Fund selects CMOs that cannot rely on the rule or do not meet the above requirements, the Fund may not invest more than 10% of its assets in all such entities and may not acquire more than 3% of the voting securities of any single such entity.

 

A Fund may also invest in, among other things, parallel pay CMOs, Planned Amortization Class CMOs (“PAC bonds”), sequential pay CMOs, and floating rate CMOs. Parallel pay CMOs are structured to provide payments of principal on each payment date to more than one class. PAC bonds generally require payments of a specified amount of principal on each

 

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payment date. Sequential pay CMOs generally pay principal to only one class while paying interest to several classes. Floating rate CMOs are securities whose coupon rate fluctuates according to some formula related to an existing market index or rate. Typical indices would include the eleventh district cost-of-funds index (“COFI”), LIBOR, one-year Treasury yields, and ten-year Treasury yields.

 

Adjustable Rate Mortgage Securities. Adjustable rate mortgage securities (“ARMs”) are pass-through securities collateralized by mortgages with adjustable rather than fixed rates. ARMs eligible for inclusion in a mortgage pool generally provide for a fixed initial mortgage interest rate for either the first three, six, twelve, thirteen, thirty-six, or sixty scheduled monthly payments. Thereafter, the interest rates are subject to periodic adjustment based on changes to a designated benchmark index.

 

ARMs contain maximum and minimum rates beyond which the mortgage interest rate may not vary over the lifetime of the security. In addition, certain ARMs provide for additional limitations on the maximum amount by which the mortgage interest rate may adjust for any single adjustment period. In the event that market rates of interest rise more rapidly to levels above that of the ARM’s maximum rate, the ARM’s coupon may represent a below market rate of interest. In these circumstances, the market value of the ARM security will likely have fallen.

 

Certain ARMs contain limitations on changes in the required monthly payment. In the event that a monthly payment is not sufficient to pay the interest accruing on an ARM, any such excess interest is added to the principal balance of the mortgage loan, which is repaid through future monthly payments. If the monthly payment for such an instrument exceeds the sum of the interest accrued at the applicable mortgage interest rate and the principal payment required at such point to amortize the outstanding principal balance over the remaining term of the loan, the excess is then utilized to reduce the outstanding principal balance of the ARM.

 

CMO Residuals. CMO residuals are derivative mortgage securities issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government or by private originators of, or investors in, mortgage loans, including savings and loan associations, homebuilders, mortgage banks, commercial banks, investment banks, and special purpose entities of the foregoing. The cash flow generated by the mortgage assets underlying a series of CMOs is applied first to make required payments of principal and interest on the CMOs and second to pay the related administrative expenses of the issuer. The residual in a CMO structure generally represents the interest in any excess cash flow remaining after making the foregoing payments. Each payment of such excess cash flow to a holder of the related CMO residual represents income and/or a return of capital. The amount of residual cash flow resulting from a CMO will depend on, among other things, the characteristics of the mortgage assets, the coupon rate of each class of CMO, prevailing interest rates, the amount of administrative expenses and the prepayment experience on the mortgage assets. In part, the yield to maturity on the CMO residuals is extremely sensitive to prepayments on the related underlying mortgage assets, in the same manner as an interest-only (“IO”) class of stripped mortgage-related securities. In addition, if a series of a CMO includes a class that bears interest at an adjustable rate, the yield to maturity on the related CMO residual will also be extremely sensitive to changes in the level of the index upon which interest rate adjustments are based. In certain circumstances a Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in a CMO residual.

 

CMO residuals are generally purchased and sold by institutional investors through several investment banking firms acting as brokers or dealers. The CMO residual market has recently developed and CMO residuals currently may not have the liquidity of other more established securities trading in other markets. Transactions in CMO residuals are generally completed only after careful review of the characteristics of the securities in question. In addition, CMO residuals may or, pursuant to an exemption therefrom, may not have been registered under the Securities Act. CMO residuals, whether or not registered under the Securities Act, may be subject to certain restrictions on transferability, and may be deemed “illiquid” and subject to a Fund’s limitations on investment in illiquid securities.

 

Stripped Mortgage Backed Securities. A Fund may invest in stripped mortgage backed securities (“SMBSs”) issued by agencies or instrumentalities of the United States. SMBSs are derivative multiclass mortgage backed securities. SMBS arrangements commonly involve two classes of securities that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions on a pool of mortgage assets. A common variety of SMBS is where one class (the principal only or PO class) receives some of the interest and most of the principal from the underlying assets, while the other class (the interest only or IO class) receives most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. In the most extreme case, the IO class receives all of the interest, while the PO class receives all the principal. While a Fund may purchase securities of a PO class, a Fund is more likely to purchase the securities of an IO class. The yield to maturity of an IO class is extremely sensitive to the rate

 

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of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying assets, and a rapid rate of principal payments in excess of that considered in pricing the securities will have a material adverse effect on an IO security’s yield to maturity. If the underlying mortgage assets experience greater than anticipated payments of principal, a Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in IOs. In addition, there are certain types of IOs that represent the interest portion of a particular class as opposed to the interest portion of the entire pool. The sensitivity of this type of IO to interest rate fluctuations may be increased because of the characteristics of the principal portion to which they relate. As a result of the above factors, a Fund generally will purchase IOs only as a component of so called “synthetic” securities. This means that purchases of IOs will be matched with certain purchases of other securities, such as POs, inverse floating rate CMOs or fixed rate securities; as interest rates fall, presenting a greater risk of unanticipated prepayments of principal, the negative effect on a Fund because of its holdings of IOs should be diminished somewhat because of the increased yield on the inverse floating rate CMOs or the increased appreciation on the POs or fixed rate securities. IOs and POs are considered by the staff of the Commission to be illiquid securities and, consequently, a Fund will not invest in IOs or POs in an amount which, taken together with the Fund’s other investments in illiquid securities, exceeds 15% of the Fund’s net assets.

 

Tiered Index Bonds. Tiered index bonds are relatively new forms of mortgage-related securities. The interest rate on a tiered index bond is tied to a specified index or market rate. So long as this index or market rate is below a predetermined “strike” rate, the interest rate on the tiered index bond remains fixed. If, however, the specified index or market rate rises above the “strike” rate, the interest rate of the tiered index bond will decrease. Thus, under these circumstances, the interest rate on a tiered index bond, like an inverse floater, will move in the opposite direction of prevailing interest rates, with the result that the price of the tiered index bond may be considerably more volatile than that of a fixed-rate bond.

 

Asset-Backed Securities. Asset-backed securities are “pass-through” securities, meaning that principal and interest payments made by the borrower on the underlying assets (such as credit card receivables) are passed through to a Fund. The value of asset-backed securities, like that of traditional fixed-income securities, typically increases when interest rates fall and decreases when interest rates rise. However, asset-backed securities differ from traditional fixed-income securities because of their potential for prepayment. The price paid by a Fund for its asset-backed securities, the yield the Fund expects to receive from such securities and the average life of the securities are based on a number of factors, including the anticipated rate of prepayment of the underlying assets. In a period of declining interest rates, borrowers may prepay the underlying assets more quickly than anticipated, thereby reducing the yield to maturity and the average life of the asset-backed securities. Moreover, when a Fund reinvests the proceeds of a prepayment in these circumstances, it will likely receive a rate of interest that is lower than the rate on the security that was prepaid. To the extent that a Fund purchases asset-backed securities at a premium, prepayments may result in a loss to the extent of the premium paid. If a Fund buys such securities at a discount, both scheduled payments and unscheduled prepayments will increase current and total returns and will accelerate the recognition of income which, when distributed to shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. In a period of rising interest rates, prepayments of the underlying assets may occur at a slower than expected rate, creating maturity extension risk. This particular risk may effectively change a security that was considered short or intermediate-term at the time of purchase into a longer term security. Since longer term securities generally fluctuate more widely in response to changes in interest rates than shorter term securities, maturity extension risk could increase the inherent volatility of the Fund.

 

Foreign Investment Risks

 

Foreign Market Risk. Funds that may invest in foreign securities offer the potential for more diversification than a Fund that invests only in the United States because securities traded on foreign markets have often (though not always) performed differently than securities in the United States. However, such investments involve special risks not present in U.S. investments that can increase the chances that a Fund will lose money. In particular, a Fund is subject to the risk that, because there are generally fewer investors on foreign exchanges and a smaller number of shares traded each day, it may be difficult for the Fund to buy and sell securities on those exchanges. In addition, prices of foreign securities may fluctuate more than prices of securities traded in the United States.

 

Foreign Economy Risk. The economies of certain foreign markets often do not compare favorably with that of the United States with respect to such issues as growth of gross national product, reinvestment of capital, resources, and balance of payments position. Certain such economies may rely heavily on particular industries or foreign capital and are more vulnerable to diplomatic developments, the imposition of economic sanctions against a particular country or countries, changes in international trading patterns, trade barriers, and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Investments in foreign markets may also be adversely affected by governmental actions such as the imposition of capital controls,

 

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nationalization of companies or industries, expropriation of assets, or the imposition of punitive taxes. In addition, the governments of certain countries may prohibit or impose substantial restrictions on foreign investing in their capital markets or in certain industries. Any of these actions could severely affect security prices, impair a Fund’s ability to purchase or sell foreign securities or transfer the Fund’s assets or income back into the United States, or otherwise adversely affect a Fund’s operations. Other foreign market risks include foreign exchange controls, difficulties in pricing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, difficulties in enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts, and political and social instability. Legal remedies available to investors in certain foreign countries may be less extensive than those available to investors in the United States or other foreign countries.

 

Currency Risk and Exchange Risk. Securities in which a Fund invests may be denominated or quoted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates will affect the value of a Fund’s portfolio. Generally, when the U.S. dollar rises in value against a foreign currency, a security denominated in that currency loses value because the currency is worth fewer U.S. dollars. Conversely, when the U.S. dollar decreases in value against a foreign currency, a security denominated in that currency gains value because the currency is worth more U.S. dollars. This risk, generally known as “currency risk,” means that a stronger U.S. dollar will reduce returns for U.S. investors while a weak U.S. dollar will increase those returns.

 

Governmental Supervision and Regulation/Accounting Standards. Many foreign governments supervise and regulate stock exchanges, brokers and the sale of securities less than does the United States. Some countries may not have laws to protect investors comparable to the U.S. securities laws. For example, some foreign countries may have no laws or rules against insider trading. Insider trading occurs when a person buys or sells a company’s securities based on nonpublic information about that company. Accounting standards in other countries are not necessarily the same as in the United States. If the accounting standards in another country do not require as much detail as U.S. accounting standards, it may be harder for Fund management to completely and accurately determine a company’s financial condition. Also, brokerage commissions and other costs of buying or selling securities often are higher in foreign countries than they are in the United States. This reduces the amount a Fund can earn on its investments.

 

Certain Risks of Holding Fund Assets Outside the United States. A Fund generally holds its foreign securities and cash in foreign banks and securities depositories. Some foreign banks and securities depositories may be recently organized or new to the foreign custody business. In addition, there may be limited or no regulatory oversight over their operations. Also, the laws of certain countries may put limits on a Fund’s ability to recover its assets if a foreign bank or depository or issuer of a security or any of their agents goes bankrupt. In addition, it is often more expensive for a Fund to buy, sell and hold securities in certain foreign markets than in the United States. The increased expense of investing in foreign markets reduces the amount a Fund can earn on its investments and typically results in a higher operating expense ratio for the Fund as compared to investment companies that invest only in the United States.

 

Settlement Risk. Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Foreign settlement procedures and trade regulations also may involve certain risks (such as delays in payment for or delivery of securities) not typically generated by the settlement of U.S. investments. Communications between the United States and emerging market countries may be unreliable, increasing the risk of delayed settlements or losses of security certificates. Settlements in certain foreign countries at times have not kept pace with the number of securities transactions; these problems may make it difficult for a Fund to carry out transactions. If a Fund cannot settle or is delayed in settling a purchase of securities, it may miss attractive investment opportunities and certain of its assets may be uninvested with no return earned thereon for some period. If a Fund cannot settle or is delayed in settling a sale of securities, it may lose money if the value of the security then declines or, if it has contracted to sell the security to another party, the Fund could be liable to that party for any losses incurred.

 

Dividends or interest on, or proceeds from the sale of, foreign securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes.

 

Investment in Emerging Markets. Certain Funds may invest in the securities of issuers domiciled in various countries with emerging capital markets. Specifically, a country with an emerging capital market is any country that the World Bank, the International Finance Corporation, the United Nations or its authorities has determined to have a low or middle income economy. Countries with emerging markets can be found in regions such as Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe and Africa.

 

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Investments in the securities of issuers domiciled in countries with emerging capital markets involve certain additional risks not involved in investments in securities of issuers in more developed capital markets, such as (i) low or non-existent trading volume, resulting in a lack of liquidity and increased volatility in prices for such securities, as compared to securities of comparable issuers in more developed capital markets, (ii) uncertain national policies and social, political and economic instability, increasing the potential for expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments, (iii) possible fluctuations in exchange rates, differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments, (iv) national policies that may limit a Fund’s investment opportunities such as restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests, and (v) the lack or relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors.

 

Such capital markets are emerging in a dynamic political and economic environment brought about by events over recent years that have reshaped political boundaries and traditional ideologies. In such a dynamic environment, there can be no assurance that these capital markets will continue to present viable investment opportunities for a Fund. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such an event, it is possible that a Fund could lose the entire value of its investments in the affected markets.

 

Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In certain countries with emerging capital markets, reporting standards vary widely. As a result, traditional investment measurements used in the United States, such as price/earnings ratios, may not be applicable. Emerging market securities may be substantially less liquid and more volatile than those of mature markets, and companies may be held by a limited number of persons. This may adversely affect the timing and pricing of the Fund’s acquisition or disposal of securities.

 

Practices in relation to settlement of securities transactions in emerging markets involve higher risks than those in developed markets, in part because a Fund will need to use brokers and counterparties that are less well capitalized, and custody and registration of assets in some countries may be unreliable. The possibility of fraud, negligence, undue influence being exerted by the issuer or refusal to recognize ownership exists in some emerging markets, and, along with other factors, could result in ownership registration being completely lost. A Fund would absorb any loss resulting from such registration problems and may have no successful claim for compensation.

 

Restrictions on Certain Investments. A number of publicly traded closed-end investment companies have been organized to facilitate indirect foreign investment in developing countries, and certain of such countries, such as Thailand, South Korea, Chile and Brazil have specifically authorized such funds. There also are investment opportunities in certain of such countries in pooled vehicles that resemble open-end investment companies. In accordance with the Investment Company Act, a Fund may invest up to 10% of its total assets in securities of other investment companies, not more than 5% of which may be invested in any one such company. In addition, under the Investment Company Act, a Fund may not own more than 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any investment company. These restrictions on investments in securities of investment companies may limit opportunities for a Fund to invest indirectly in certain developing countries. Shares of certain investment companies may at times be acquired only at market prices representing premiums to their net asset values. If a Fund acquires shares of other investment companies, shareholders would bear both their proportionate share of expenses of the Fund (including management and advisory fees) and, indirectly, the expenses of such other investment companies.

 

Depositary Receipts. A Fund may invest in the securities of foreign issuers in the form of Depositary Receipts or other securities convertible into securities of foreign issuers. Depositary Receipts may not necessarily be denominated in the same currency as the underlying securities into which they may be converted. American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) are receipts typically issued by an American bank or trust company that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) are receipts issued in Europe that evidence a similar ownership arrangement. Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) are receipts issued throughout the world that evidence a similar arrangement. Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are designed for use in the U.S. securities markets, and EDRs, in bearer form, are designed for use in European securities markets. GDRs are tradable both in the United States and in Europe and are designed for use throughout the world. A Fund may invest in unsponsored Depositary Receipts. The

 

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issuers of unsponsored Depositary Receipts are not obligated to disclose material information in the United States, and, therefore, there may be less information available regarding such issuers and there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the Depositary Receipts.

 

Supranational Entities. A Fund may invest in debt securities of supranational entities as defined above. Examples include the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the World Bank), the European Steel and Coal Community, the Asian Development Bank and the Inter-American Development Bank. The government members, or “stockholders,” usually make initial capital contributions to the supranational entity and in many cases are committed to make additional capital contributions if the supranational entity is unable to repay its borrowings.

 

Sovereign Debt. Investment in sovereign debt can involve a high degree of risk. The governmental entity that controls the repayment of sovereign debt may not be able or willing to repay the principal and/or interest when due in accordance with the terms of such debt. A governmental entity’s willingness or ability to repay principal and interest due in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the government entity’s policy towards the International Monetary Fund and the political constraints to which a government entity may be subject. Governmental entities may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and others abroad to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The commitment on the part of these governments, agencies and others to make such disbursements may be conditioned on the implementation of economic reforms and/or economic performance and the timely service of such debtor’s obligations. Failure to implement such reforms, achieve such levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of such third parties’ commitments to lend funds to the governmental entity, which may further impair such debtor’s ability or willingness to timely service its debts. Consequently, governmental entities may default on their sovereign debt.

 

Holders of sovereign debt may be requested to participate in the rescheduling of such debt and to extend further loans to government entities. In the event of a default by a governmental entity, there may be few or no effective legal remedies for collecting on such debt.

 

Short Sales. Certain Funds may make short sales of securities, either as a hedge against potential declines in value of a portfolio security or to realize appreciation when a security that the Fund does not own declines in value. When a Fund makes a short sale, it borrows the security sold short and delivers it to the broker-dealer through which it made the short sale, as collateral for its obligation to deliver the security upon conclusion of the sale. A Fund may have to pay a fee to borrow particular securities and is often obligated to turn over any payments received on such borrowed securities to the lender of the securities.

 

A Fund secures its obligation to replace the borrowed security by depositing collateral with the broker-dealer, usually in cash, U.S. Government securities or other liquid securities similar to those borrowed. With respect to the uncovered short positions, a Fund is required to deposit similar collateral with its custodian, if necessary, to the extent that the value of both collateral deposits in the aggregate is at all times equal to at least 100% of the current market value of the security sold short. Depending on arrangements made with the broker-dealer from which the Fund borrowed the security, regarding payment over of any payments received by the Fund on such security, a Fund may not receive any payments (including interest) on its collateral deposited with such broker-dealer.

 

Because making short sales in securities that it does not own exposes a Fund to the risks associated with those securities, such short sales involve speculative exposure risk. As a result, if a Fund makes short sales in securities that increase in value, it will likely underperform similar mutual funds that do not make short sales in securities they do not own. A Fund will incur a loss as a result of a short sale if the price of the security increases between the date of the short sale and the date on which the Fund replaces the borrowed security. A Fund will realize a gain if the security declines in price between those dates. There can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to close out a short sale position at any particular time or at an acceptable price. Although a Fund’s gain is limited to the price at which it sold the security short, its potential loss is limited only by the maximum attainable price of the security, less the price at which the security was sold and may, theoretically, be unlimited.

 

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A Fund may also make short sales “against the box” without being subject to such limitations. In this type of short sale, at the time of the sale, the Fund owns or has the immediate and unconditional right to acquire the identical security at no additional cost.

 

Derivatives

 

Each Fund may use instruments referred to as derivative securities (“Derivatives”). Derivatives are financial instruments the value of which is derived from another security, a commodity (such as gold or oil), a currency or an index (a measure of value or rates, such as the S&P 500 Index or the prime lending rate). Derivatives allow a Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments. Each Fund may use Derivatives for hedging purposes. Certain Funds may also use derivatives for speculative purposes (that is, to seek to enhance returns). The use of a Derivative is speculative if the Fund is primarily seeking to achieve gains, rather than offset the risk of other positions. When the Fund invests in a Derivative for speculative purposes, the Fund will be fully exposed to the risks of loss of that Derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the Derivative’s cost. No Fund may use any Derivative to gain exposure to an asset or class of assets that it would be prohibited by its investment restrictions from purchasing directly.

 

Hedging. Hedging is a strategy in which a Derivative is used to offset the risks associated with other Fund holdings. Losses on the other investment may be substantially reduced by gains on a Derivative that reacts in an opposite manner to market movements. While hedging can reduce losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains or cause losses if the market moves in a different manner than anticipated by the Fund or if the cost of the Derivative outweighs the benefit of the hedge. Hedging also involves the risk that changes in the value of the Derivative will not match those of the holdings being hedged as expected by a Fund, in which case any losses on the holdings being hedged may not be reduced or may be increased. The inability to close options and futures positions also could have an adverse impact on a Fund’s ability to hedge effectively its portfolio. There is also a risk of loss by the Fund of margin deposits or collateral in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom the Fund has an open position in an option, a futures contract or a related option. There can be no assurance that a Fund’s hedging strategies will be effective. No Fund is required to engage in hedging transactions and each Fund may choose not to do so.

 

A Fund may use Derivative instruments and trading strategies including the following:

 

Indexed and Inverse Floating Rate Securities. A Fund may invest in securities that yield a potential return based on a particular index of value or interest rates. For example, a Fund may invest in securities that pay interest based on an index of interest rates. The principal amount payable upon maturity of certain securities also may be based on the value of the index. To the extent a Fund invests in these types of securities, the Fund’s return on such securities will be subject to risk with respect to the value of the particular index. Interest and principal payable on the securities may also be based on relative changes among particular indices. Also, a Fund may invest in so-called “inverse floating obligations” or “residual interest bonds” on which the interest rates vary inversely with a floating rate (which may be reset periodically by a dutch auction, a remarketing agent, or by reference to a short-term tax-exempt interest rate index). A Fund may purchase synthetically-created inverse floating rate bonds evidenced by custodial or trust receipts. Generally, income on inverse floating rate bonds will decrease when interest rates increase, and will increase when interest rates decrease. Such securities have the effect of providing a degree of investment leverage, since they may increase or decrease in value in response to changes, as an illustration, in market interest rates at a rate which is a multiple (typically two) of the rate at which fixed-rate securities increase or decrease in response to such changes. As a result, the market values of such securities will generally be more volatile than the market values of fixed-rate securities. To seek to limit the volatility of these securities, a Fund may purchase inverse floating obligations with shorter-term maturities or which contain limitations on the extent to which the interest rate may vary. Certain investments in such obligations may be illiquid. A Fund may not invest in such illiquid obligations if such investments, together with other illiquid investments, would exceed 15% of the Fund’s net assets. The Manager believes that indexed and inverse floating obligations represent flexible portfolio management instruments for a Fund that allow the Fund to seek potential investment rewards, hedge other portfolio positions or vary the degree of investment leverage relatively efficiently under different market conditions. A Fund may invest in indexed and inverse securities for hedging purposes only or to increase returns. When used for hedging purposes, indexed and inverse securities involve correlation risk. (Furthermore, where such a security includes a contingent liability, in the event of such an adverse movement, a Fund may be required to pay substantial additional margin to maintain the position.)

 

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Swap Agreements. A Fund may enter into swap agreements, including interest rate and index swap agreements, for purposes of attempting to obtain a particular desired return at a lower cost to a Fund than if the Fund had invested directly in an instrument that yielded the desired return. Swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard “swap “transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on particular predetermined investments or instruments. The gross returns to be exchanged or “swapped” between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” i.e., the dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency, or in a “basket “of securities representing a particular index. The “notional amount “of the swap agreement is only a fictive basis on which to calculate the obligations which the parties to a swap agreement have agreed to exchange. A Fund’s obligations (or rights) under a swap agreement will generally be equal only to the net amount to be paid or received under the agreement based on the relative values of the positions held by each party to the agreement (the “net amount “). A Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Fund) and any accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a swap counter-party will be covered by marking as segregated cash, U.S. government securities, equity securities or other liquid, unencumbered assets, marked-to-market daily, to avoid any potential leveraging of the Fund’s portfolio.

 

Whether a Fund’s use of swap agreements will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend on the Manager’s ability to correctly predict whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other investments. Because they are two party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, swap agreements may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, a Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap agreement in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap agreement counterparty. Restrictions imposed by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), may limit the Fund ‘s ability to use swap agreements. The swaps market is largely unregulated. It is possible that development in the swap market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect each Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.

 

See “Credit Default Swap Agreements,” “Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors” and “Municipal Interest Rate Swap Agreements” below for further information on particular types of swap agreements that may be used by certain Funds.

 

Options on Securities and Securities Indices. A Fund may invest in options on individual securities, baskets of securities or particular measurements of value or rate (an “index”), such as an index of the price of treasury securities or an index representative of short term interest rates.

 

Purchasing Put Options. A Fund may purchase put options on securities held in its portfolio or on securities or interest rate indices that are correlated with securities held in its portfolio. When a Fund purchases a put option, in consideration for an upfront payment (the “option premium”), the Fund acquires a right to sell to another party specified securities owned by the Fund at a specified price (the “exercise price”) on or before a specified date (the “expiration date”), in the case of an option on securities, or to receive from another party a payment based on the amount a specified securities index declines below a specified level on or before the expiration date, in the case of an option on a securities index. The purchase of a put option limits a Fund’s risk of loss in the event of a decline in the market value of the portfolio holdings underlying the put option prior to the option’s expiration date. If the market value of the portfolio holdings associated with the put option increases rather than decreases, however, the Fund will lose the option premium and will consequently realize a lower return on the portfolio holdings than would have been realized without the purchase of the put. Purchasing a put option may involve correlation risk, and may also involve liquidity and credit risk.

 

Purchasing Call Options. A Fund may also purchase call options on securities it intends to purchase or securities or interest rate indices, which are correlated with the types of securities it intends to purchase. When a Fund purchases a call option, in consideration for the option premium the Fund acquires a right to purchase from another party specified securities at the exercise price on or before the expiration date, in the case of an option on securities, or to receive from another party a payment based on the amount a specified securities index increases beyond a specified level on or before the expiration date, in the case of an option on a securities index. The purchase of a call option may protect a Fund from having to pay more for a security as a consequence of increases in the market value for the security during a period when the Fund is contemplating its purchase, in the case of an option on a security, or attempting to identify specific securities in which to invest in a market the Fund believes to be attractive, in the case of an option on an index (an “anticipatory hedge”). In the event a Fund determines not to purchase a security underlying a call option, however, the Fund may lose the entire option premium. Purchasing a call option involves correlation risk, and may also involve liquidity and credit risk.

 

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A Fund is also authorized to purchase put or call options in connection with closing out put or call options it has previously sold. The profit or loss realized by a Fund from such a closing transaction will depend on whether the amount received is more or less than the premium paid for the option plus the related transaction costs.

 

Options on Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA”) Certificates. The following information relates to unique characteristics of options on GNMA Certificates. Since the remaining principal balance of GNMA Certificates declines each month as a result of mortgage payments, a Fund, as a writer of a GNMA call holding GNMA Certificates as “cover” to satisfy its delivery obligation in the event of exercise, may find that the GNMA Certificates it holds no longer have a sufficient remaining principal balance for this purpose. Should this occur, a Fund will purchase additional GNMA Certificates from the same pool (if obtainable) or other GNMA Certificates in the cash market in order to maintain its “cover.”

 

A GNMA Certificate held by a Fund to cover an option position in any but the nearest expiration month may cease to represent cover for the option in the event of a decline in the GNMA coupon rate at which new pools are originated under the FHA/VA loan ceiling in effect at any given time. If this should occur, a Fund will no longer be covered, and the Fund will either enter into a closing purchase transaction or replace such Certificate with a certificate which represents cover. When a Fund closes its position or replaces such Certificate, it may realize an unanticipated loss and incur transaction costs.

 

Writing Call Options. A Fund may write (i.e., sell) call options on securities held in its portfolio or securities indices the performance of which correlates with securities held in its portfolio. When a Fund writes a call option, in return for an option premium the Fund gives another party the right to buy specified securities owned by the Fund at the exercise price on or before the expiration date, in the case of an option on securities, or agrees to pay to another party an amount based on any gain in a specified securities index beyond a specified level on or before the expiration date, in the case of an option on a securities index. A Fund may write call options to earn income, through the receipt of option premiums. In the event the party to which a Fund has written an option fails to exercise its rights under the option because the value of the underlying securities is less than the exercise price, the Fund will partially offset any decline in the value of the underlying securities through the receipt of the option premium. By writing a call option, however, a Fund limits its ability to sell the underlying securities, and gives up the opportunity to profit from any increase in the value of the underlying securities beyond the exercise price, while the option remains outstanding. Writing a call option may involve correlation risk.

 

Writing Put Options. A Fund may also write put options on securities or securities indices. When a Fund writes a put option, in return for an option premium the Fund gives another party the right to sell to the Fund a specified security at the exercise price on or before the expiration date, in the case of an option on a security, or agrees to pay to another party an amount based on any decline in a specified securities index below a specified level on or before the expiration date, in the case of an option on a securities index. A Fund may write put options to earn income, through the receipt of option premiums. In the event the party to which a Fund has written an option fails to exercise its rights under the option because the value of the underlying securities is greater than the exercise price, the Fund will profit by the amount of the option premium. By writing a put option, however, a Fund will be obligated to purchase the underlying security at a price that may be higher than the market value of the security at the time of exercise as long as the put option is outstanding, in the case of an option on a security, or make a cash payment reflecting any decline in the index, in the case of an option on an index. Accordingly, when a Fund writes a put option it is exposed to a risk of loss in the event the value of the underlying securities falls below the exercise price, which loss potentially may substantially exceed the amount of option premium received by the Fund for writing the put option. A Fund will write a put option on a security or a securities index only if the Fund would be willing to purchase the security at the exercise price for investment purposes (in the case of an option on a security) or is writing the put in connection with trading strategies involving combinations of options – for example, the sale and purchase of options with identical expiration dates on the same security or index but different exercise prices (a technique called a “spread”). Writing a put option may involve substantial leverage risk.

 

A Fund is also authorized to sell call or put options in connection with closing out call or put options it has previously purchased.

 

A Fund may write call or put options that are “covered.” A call or put option will be considered covered if a Fund has segregated assets with respect to such option in the manner described in “Risk Factors in Derivatives” below. A call option will also be considered covered if a Fund owns the securities it would be required to deliver upon exercise of the option (or, in the case of an option on a securities index, securities which

 

 

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substantially correlate with the performance of such index) or owns a call option, warrant or convertible instrument which is immediately exercisable for, or convertible into, such security.

 

Types of Options. A Fund may engage in transactions in options on securities or securities indices on exchanges and in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) markets. In general, exchange-traded options have standardized exercise prices and expiration dates and require the parties to post margin against their obligations, and the performance of the parties’ obligations in connection with such options is guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. OTC options have more flexible terms negotiated between the buyer and the seller, but generally do not require the parties to post margin and are subject to greater credit risk. OTC options also involve greater liquidity risk. See “Additional Risk Factors of OTC Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives” below.

 

Futures. A Fund may engage in transactions in futures and options thereon. Futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts which obligate a purchaser to take delivery, and a seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price. No price is paid upon entering into a futures contract. Rather, upon purchasing or selling a futures contract a Fund is required to deposit collateral (“margin”) equal to a percentage (generally less than 10%) of the contract value. Each day thereafter until the futures position is closed, the Fund will pay additional margin representing any loss experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day or be entitled to a payment representing any profit experienced as a result of the futures position the prior day. Futures involve substantial leverage risk.

 

The sale of a futures contract limits a Fund’s risk of loss through a decline in the market value of portfolio holdings correlated with the futures contract prior to the futures contract’s expiration date. In the event the market value of the portfolio holdings correlated with the futures contract increases rather than decreases, however, a Fund will realize a loss on the futures position and a lower return on the portfolio holdings than would have been realized without the purchase of the futures contract.

 

The purchase of a futures contract may protect a Fund from having to pay more for securities as a consequence of increases in the market value for such securities during a period when the Fund was attempting to identify specific securities in which to invest in a market the Fund believes to be attractive. In the event that such securities decline in value or a Fund determines not to complete an anticipatory hedge transaction relating to a futures contract, however, the Fund may realize a loss relating to the futures position.

 

A Fund is also authorized to purchase or sell call and put options on futures contracts including financial futures and stock indices in connection with its hedging activities. Generally, these strategies would be used under the same market and market sector conditions (i.e., conditions relating to specific types of investments) in which the Fund entered into futures transactions. A Fund may purchase put options or write call options on futures contracts and stock indices rather than selling the underlying futures contract in anticipation of a decrease in the market value of its securities. Similarly, a Fund can purchase call options, or write put options on futures contracts and stock indices, as a substitute for the purchase of such futures to hedge against the increased cost resulting from an increase in the market value of securities which the Fund intends to purchase

 

A Fund will limit transactions in futures and options on futures to financial futures contracts (i.e., contracts for which the underlying asset is a currency or securities or interest rate index) purchased or sold for hedging purposes (including anticipatory hedges). A Fund will further limit transactions in futures and options on futures to the extent necessary to prevent the Fund from being deemed a “commodity pool” under regulations of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

 

Foreign Exchange Transactions. A Fund may engage in spot and forward foreign exchange transactions and currency swaps, purchase and sell options on currencies and purchase and sell currency futures and related options thereon (collectively, “Currency Instruments”) for purposes of hedging against the decline in the value of currencies in which its portfolio holdings are denominated against the U.S. dollar or to seek to enhance returns. Such transactions could be effected with respect to hedges on non-U.S. dollar denominated securities owned by a Fund, sold by a Fund but not yet delivered, or committed or anticipated to be purchased by a Fund. As an illustration, a Fund may use such techniques to hedge the stated value in U.S. dollars of an investment in a yen-denominated security. In such circumstances, for example, the Fund may purchase a foreign currency put option enabling it to sell a specified amount of yen for dollars at a specified price by a future date. To the extent the hedge is successful, a loss in the value of the yen relative to the dollar will tend to be offset by an increase in the value of the put option. To offset, in whole or in part, the cost of acquiring such a put option,

 

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the Fund may also sell a call option which, if exercised, requires it to sell a specified amount of yen for dollars at a specified price by a future date (a technique called a “straddle”). By selling such a call option in this illustration, the Fund gives up the opportunity to profit without limit from increases in the relative value of the yen to the dollar. “Straddles” of the type that may be used by a Fund are considered to constitute hedging transactions and are consistent with the policies described above. No Fund will attempt to hedge all of its foreign portfolio positions.

 

Forward Foreign Exchange Transactions. Forward foreign exchange transactions are OTC contracts to purchase or sell a specified amount of a specified currency or multinational currency unit at a price and future date set at the time of the contract. Spot foreign exchange transactions are similar but require current, rather than future, settlement. A Fund will enter into foreign exchange transactions for purposes of hedging either a specific transaction or a portfolio position, or to seek to enhance returns. A Fund may enter into a foreign exchange transaction for purposes of hedging a specific transaction by, for example, purchasing a currency needed to settle a security transaction or selling a currency in which the Fund has received or anticipates receiving a dividend or distribution. A Fund may enter into a foreign exchange transaction for purposes of hedging a portfolio position by selling forward a currency in which a portfolio position of the Fund is denominated or by purchasing a currency in which the Fund anticipates acquiring a portfolio position in the near future. A Fund may also hedge portfolio positions through currency swaps, which are transactions in which one currency is simultaneously bought for a second currency on a spot basis and sold for the second currency on a forward basis. Forward foreign exchange transactions involve substantial currency risk, and also involve credit and liquidity risk.

 

Currency Futures. A Fund may also seek to enhance returns or hedge against the decline in the value of a currency against the U.S. dollar through use of currency futures or options thereon. Currency futures are similar to forward foreign exchange transactions except that futures are standardized, exchange-traded contracts. See “Futures” above. Currency futures involve substantial currency risk, and also involve leverage risk.

 

Currency Options. A Fund may also seek to enhance returns or hedge against the decline in the value of a currency against the U.S. dollar through the use of currency options. Currency options are similar to options on securities, but in consideration for an option premium the writer of a currency option is obligated to sell (in the case of a call option) or purchase (in the case of a put option) a specified amount of a specified currency on or before the expiration date for a specified amount of another currency. A Fund may engage in transactions in options on currencies either on exchanges or OTC markets. See “Types of Options” above and “Additional Risk Factors of OTC Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives” below. Currency options involve substantial currency risk, and may also involve credit, leverage or liquidity risk.

 

Limitations on Currency Hedging. Most Funds will not speculate in Currency Instruments, although World Income may use such instruments to seek to enhance returns. Accordingly, a Fund will not hedge a currency in excess of the aggregate market value of the securities which it owns (including receivables for unsettled securities sales), or has committed to or anticipates purchasing, which are denominated in such currency. A Fund may, however, hedge a currency by entering into a transaction in a Currency Instrument denominated in a currency other than the currency being hedged (a “cross-hedge”). A Fund will only enter into a cross-hedge if the Manager believes that (i) there is a demonstrable high correlation between the currency in which the cross-hedge is denominated and the currency being hedged, and (ii) executing a cross-hedge through the currency in which the cross-hedge is denominated will be significantly more cost-effective or provide substantially greater liquidity than executing a similar hedging transaction by means of the currency being hedged.

 

Risk Factors in Hedging Foreign Currency Risks. Hedging transactions involving Currency Instruments involve substantial risks, including correlation risk. While a Fund’s use of Currency Instruments to effect hedging strategies is intended to reduce the volatility of the net asset value of the Fund’s shares, the net asset value of the Fund’s shares will fluctuate. Moreover, although Currency Instruments will be used with the intention of hedging against adverse currency movements, transactions in Currency Instruments involve the risk that anticipated currency movements will not be accurately predicted and that the Fund’s hedging strategies will be ineffective. To the extent that a Fund hedges against anticipated currency movements that do not occur, the Fund may realize losses and decrease its total return as the result of its hedging transactions. Furthermore, a Fund will only engage in hedging activities from time to time and may not be engaging in hedging activities when movements in currency exchange rates occur.

 

In connection with its trading in forward foreign currency contracts, a Fund will contract with a foreign or domestic bank, or foreign or domestic securities dealer, to make or take future delivery of a specified amount of a particular currency. There are no limitations on daily price moves in such forward contracts, and banks and dealers are not required to continue

 

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to make markets in such contracts. There have been periods during which certain banks or dealers have refused to quote prices for such forward contracts or have quoted prices with an unusually wide spread between the price at which the bank or dealer is prepared to buy and that at which it is prepared to sell. Governmental imposition of credit controls might limit any such forward contract trading. With respect to its trading of forward contracts, if any, a Fund will be subject to the risk of bank or dealer failure and the inability of, or refusal by, a bank or dealer to perform with respect to such contracts. Any such default would deprive the Fund of any profit potential or force the Fund to cover its commitments for resale, if any, at the then market price and could result in a loss to the Fund.

 

It may not be possible for a Fund to hedge against currency exchange rate movements, even if correctly anticipated, in the event that (i) the currency exchange rate movement is so generally anticipated that the Fund is not able to enter into a hedging transaction at an effective price, or (ii) the currency exchange rate movement relates to a market with respect to which Currency Instruments are not available and it is not possible to engage in effective foreign currency hedging. The cost to a Fund of engaging in foreign currency transactions varies with such factors as the currencies involved, the length of the contract period and the market conditions then prevailing. Since transactions in foreign currency exchange usually are conducted on a principal basis, no fees or commissions are involved.

 

Risk Factors in Derivatives

 

Derivatives are volatile and involve significant risks, including:

 

Credit Risk — the risk that the counterparty on a Derivative transaction will be unable to honor its financial obligation to a Fund.

 

Currency Risk — the risk that changes in the exchange rate between two currencies will adversely affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.

 

Leverage Risk — the risk associated with certain types of investments or trading strategies (such as borrowing money to increase the amount of investments) that relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.

 

Liquidity Risk — the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently worth.

 

Use of Derivatives for hedging purposes involves correlation risk. If the value of the Derivative moves more or less than the value of the hedged instruments, a Fund will experience a gain or loss which will not be completely offset by movements in the value of the hedged instruments.

 

A Fund intends to enter into transactions involving Derivatives only if there appears to be a liquid secondary market for such instruments or, in the case of illiquid instruments traded in OTC transactions, such instruments satisfy the criteria set forth below under “Additional Risk Factors of OTC Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives.” However, there can be no assurance that, at any specific time, either a liquid secondary market will exist for a Derivative or the Fund will otherwise be able to sell such instrument at an acceptable price. It may therefore not be possible to close a position in a Derivative without incurring substantial losses, if at all.

 

Certain transactions in Derivatives (such as futures transactions or sales of put options) involve substantial leverage risk and may expose a Fund to potential losses, which exceed the amount originally invested by the Fund. When a Fund engages in such a transaction, the Fund will deposit in a segregated account at its custodian liquid securities with a value at least equal to the Fund’s exposure, on a mark-to-market basis, to the transaction (as calculated pursuant to requirements of the Commission). Such segregation will ensure that a Fund has assets available to satisfy its obligations with respect to the transaction, but will not limit the Fund’s exposure to loss.

 

Additional Risk Factors of OTC Transactions; Limitations on the Use of OTC Derivatives

 

Certain Derivatives traded in OTC markets, including indexed securities, swaps and OTC options, involve substantial liquidity risk. The absence of liquidity may make it difficult or impossible for a Fund to sell such instruments promptly at

 

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an acceptable price. The absence of liquidity may also make it more difficult for a Fund to ascertain a market value for such instruments. A Fund will, therefore, acquire illiquid OTC instruments (i) if the agreement pursuant to which the instrument is purchased contains a formula price at which the instrument may be terminated or sold, or (ii) for which the Manager anticipates the Fund can receive on each business day at least two independent bids or offers, unless a quotation from only one dealer is available, in which case that dealer’s quotation may be used.

 

Because Derivatives traded in OTC markets are not guaranteed by an exchange or clearing corporation and generally do not require payment of margin, to the extent that a Fund has unrealized gains in such instruments or has deposited collateral with its counterparty the Fund is at risk that its counterparty will become bankrupt or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. A Fund will attempt to minimize the risk that a counterparty will become bankrupt or otherwise fail to honor its obligations by engaging in transactions in Derivatives traded in OTC markets only with financial institutions that have investment grade credit ratings or that have provided the Fund with a third-party guaranty or other credit enhancement.

 

Interest Rate Swaps, Caps and Floors. A Fund may enter into interest rate swaps, which are OTC contracts in which each party agrees to make a periodic payment based on an index or the value of an asset in return for a periodic payment from the other party based on a different index or asset.

 

In order to hedge the value of a Fund’s portfolio against interest rate fluctuations or to enhance a Fund’s income, a Fund may enter into various transactions, such as interest rate swaps and the purchase or sale of interest rate caps and floors. A Fund expects to enter into these transactions primarily to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio or to protect against any increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date. A Fund generally will use these transactions primarily as a hedge and not as a speculative investment. However, a Fund may also invest in interest rate swaps to enhance income or to increase the Fund’s yield during periods of steep interest rate yield curves (i.e., wide differences between short term and long term interest rates).

 

A Fund usually will enter into interest rate swap transactions on a net basis, i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. Inasmuch as these transactions are entered into for good faith hedging purposes, the Manager believes that such obligations do not constitute senior securities and, accordingly, will not treat them as being subject to its borrowing restrictions. The net amount of the excess, if any, of a Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis, and an amount of cash or liquid securities having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be maintained in a segregated account by the Fund’s custodian. If the interest rate swap transaction is entered into on other than a net basis, the full amount of a Fund’s obligations will be accrued on a daily basis, and the full amount of the Fund’s obligations will be maintained in a segregated account by the Fund’s custodian.

 

In an interest rate swap, a Fund exchanges with another party their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments. For example, if a Fund holds a mortgage backed security with an interest rate that is reset only once each year, it may swap the right to receive interest at this fixed rate for the right to receive interest at a rate that is reset every week. This would enable a Fund to offset a decline in the value of the mortgage backed security due to rising interest rates but would also limit its ability to benefit from falling interest rates. Conversely, if a Fund holds a mortgage backed security with an interest rate that is reset every week and it would like to lock in what it believes to be a high interest rate for one year, it may swap the right to receive interest at this variable weekly rate for the right to receive interest at a rate that is fixed for one year. Such a swap would protect the Fund from a reduction in yield due to falling interest rates and may permit the Fund to enhance its income through the positive differential between one week and one year interest rates, but would preclude it from taking full advantage of rising interest rates.

 

A Fund also may engage in interest rate transactions in the form of purchasing or selling interest rate caps or floors. The purchase of an interest rate cap entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index exceeds a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate cap. The purchase of an interest rate floor entitles the purchaser, to the extent that a specified index falls below a predetermined interest rate, to receive payments of interest on a notional principal amount from the party selling such interest rate floor.

 

Typically the parties with which a Fund will enter into interest rate transactions will be broker-dealers and other financial institutions. A Fund will enter into interest rate swap, cap or floor transactions only with counterparties that are rated investment grade quality by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization at the time of entering into such

 

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transaction or whose creditworthiness is believed by the Manager to be equivalent to such rating. If there is a default by the other party to such a transaction, a Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid in comparison with other similar instruments traded in the interbank market. Caps and floors, however, are less liquid than swaps. Certain Federal income tax requirements may limit a Fund’s ability to engage in certain interest rate transactions. Gains from transactions in interest rate swaps distributed to shareholders will be taxable as ordinary income or, in certain circumstances, as long term capital gains to shareholders.

 

Credit Default Swap Agreements. Certain Funds may enter into credit default swap agreements. The credit default swap agreement may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by a Fund. The protection “buyer” in a credit default contract may be obligated to pay the protection “seller” an upfront or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. If a credit event occurs, the seller generally must pay the buyer the “par value” (full notional value) of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity described in the swap, or the seller may be required to deliver the related net cash amount, if the swap is cash settled. A Fund may be either the buyer or seller in the transaction. If a Fund is a buyer and no credit event occurs, the Fund recovers nothing if the swap is held through its termination date. However, if a credit event occurs, the buyer may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As a seller, a Fund generally receives an upfront payment or a fixed rate of income throughout the term of the swap, which typically is between six months and three years, provided that there is no credit event. If a credit event occurs, generally the seller must pay the buyer the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value.

 

Credit default swaps involve greater risks than if a Fund had invested in the reference obligation directly, since, in addition to general market risks, credit default swaps are subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk and credit risks. A Fund will enter into credit default swap agreements only with counterparties who are rated investment grade quality by at least one nationally recognized statistical rating organization at the time of entering into such transaction or whose creditworthiness is believed by the Manager to be equivalent to such rating. A buyer also will lose its investment and recover nothing should no credit event occur and the swap is held to its termination date. If a credit event were to occur, the value of any deliverable obligation received by the seller, coupled with the upfront or periodic payments previously received, may be less than the full notional value it pays to the buyer, resulting in a loss of value to a Fund. When a Fund acts as a seller of a credit default swap, it is exposed to many of the same risks of leverage since, if a credit event occurs, the seller may be required to pay the buyer the full notional value of the contract net of any amounts owed by the buyer related to its delivery of deliverable obligations.

 

Stripped Securities. Stripped securities are created when the issuer separates the interest and principal components of an instrument and sells them as separate securities. In general, one security is entitled to receive the interest payments on the underlying assets (the interest only) and the other to receive the principal payments (the principal only security). Some stripped securities may receive a combination of interest and principal payments. The yields to maturity on IOs and POs are sensitive to the expected or anticipated rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying assets, and principal payments may have a material effect on yield to maturity. If the underlying assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, a Fund may not fully recoup its initial investment in IOs. Conversely, if the underlying assets experience less than anticipated prepayments of principal, the yield on POs could be adversely affected. Stripped securities may be highly sensitive to changes in interest rates and rates of prepayment.

 

Real Estate Investment Trusts (“REITs”). Investing in REITs involves certain unique risks in addition to those risks associated with investing in the real estate industry in general. Equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by the REITs, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. REITs are dependent upon management skills, may not be diversified geographically or by property type, and are subject to heavy cash flow dependency, default by borrowers and self-liquidation. REITs must also meet certain requirements under the Code to avoid entity level tax and be eligible to pass-through certain tax attributes of their income to shareholders. REITs are consequently subject to the risk of failing to meet these requirements for favorable tax treatment and failing to maintain their exemptions from registration under the Investment Company Act. REITs are also subject to changes in the Code, including changes involving their tax status.

 

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REITs (especially mortgage REITs) are also subject to interest rate risks. When interest rates decline, the value of a REIT’s investment in fixed rate obligations can be expected to rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the value of a REIT’s investment in fixed rate obligations can be expected to decline. In contrast, as interest rates on adjustable rate mortgage loans are reset periodically, yields on a REIT’s investments in such loans will gradually align themselves to reflect changes in market interest rates, causing the value of such investments to fluctuate less dramatically in response to interest rate fluctuations than would investments in fixed rate obligations.

 

Investing in REITs involves risks similar to those associated with investing in small capitalization companies. REITs may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in limited volume and may be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements than larger company securities. Historically, small capitalization stocks, such as REITs, have been more volatile in price than the larger capitalization stocks included in the S&P 500 Index. The management of a REIT may be subject to conflicts of interest with respect to the operation of the business of the REIT and may be involved in real estate activities competitive with the REIT. REITs may own properties through joint ventures or in other circumstances in which the REIT may not have control over its investments. REITs may incur significant amounts of leverage.

 

Zero Coupon Securities. Certain Funds may invest in zero coupon securities. Zero coupon securities are securities that are sold at a discount to par value and on which interest payments are not made during the life of the security. The discount approximates the total amount of interest the security will accrue and compound over the period until maturity on the particular interest payment date at a rate of interest reflecting the market rate of the security at the time of issuance. Upon maturity, the holder is entitled to receive the par value of the security. While interest payments are not made on such securities, holders of such securities are deemed to have received income (“phantom income”) annually, notwithstanding that cash may not be received currently. The effect of owning instruments that do not make current interest payments is that a fixed yield is earned not only on the original investment but also, in effect, on all discount accretion during the life of the obligations. This implicit reinvestment of earnings at the same rate eliminates the risk of being unable to invest distributions at a rate as high as the implicit yield on the zero coupon bond, but at the same time eliminates the holder’s ability to reinvest at higher rates in the future. For this reason, some of these securities may be subject to substantially greater price fluctuations during periods of changing market interest rates than are comparable securities that pay interest currently, which fluctuation increases the longer the period to maturity. These investments benefit the issuer by mitigating its need for cash to meet debt service, but also require a higher rate of return to attract investors who are willing to defer receipt of cash. A Fund accrues income with respect to these securities for Federal income tax and accounting purposes prior to the receipt of cash payments. Zero coupon securities may be subject to greater fluctuation in value and lesser liquidity in the event of adverse market conditions than comparable rated securities paying cash interest at regular intervals.

 

In addition to the above-described risks, there are certain other risks related to investing in zero coupon securities. During a period of severe market conditions, the market for such securities may become even less liquid. In addition, as these securities do not pay cash interest, a Fund’s investment exposure to these securities and their risks, including credit risk, will increase during the time these securities are held in the Fund’s portfolio. Further, to maintain its qualification for pass-through treatment under the Federal tax laws, a Fund is required to distribute income to its shareholders and, consequently, may have to dispose of its portfolio securities under disadvantageous circumstances to generate the cash, or may have to leverage itself by borrowing the cash to satisfy these distributions, as they relate to the distribution of phantom income. The required distributions will result in an increase in a Fund’s exposure to such securities.

 

Municipal Investments

 

The Municipal Funds may invest in obligations issued by or on behalf of states, territories and possessions of the United States and the District of Columbia and their political subdivisions, agencies and instrumentalities, the payments from which, in the opinion of bond counsel to the issuer, are exempt from Federal income taxes (“Municipal Bonds”). California Insured, Florida Municipal Bond, New Jersey Municipal Bond, New York Municipal Bond and Pennsylvania Municipal Bond also invest in Municipal Bonds that pay interest exempt from and/or allow the value of a Fund’s shares to be exempt from applicable state and local taxes (“State Municipal Bonds”). The Municipal Funds may also invest in securities not issued by or on behalf of a state or territory or by an agency or instrumentality thereof, if the Manager believes such securities to pay interest exempt from Federal income taxation and/or applicable state and local taxes (“Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities “). Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities could include trust certificates or other instruments evidencing interest in one or more long term municipal securities. Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities also may include securities issued by other investment companies that invest in municipal bonds, to the extent such investments are permitted by applicable law. Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities that pay interest exempt from Federal income tax will be

 

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considered “Municipal Bonds” for purposes of a Municipal Fund’s investment objective and policies. Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities that pay interest exempt from Federal income tax and applicable state and local taxes will be considered “State Municipal Bonds” for purposes of the investment objective and policies of each of California Insured, Florida Municipal Bond, New Jersey Municipal Bond, New York Municipal Bond and Pennsylvania Municipal Bond.

 

Risk Factors and Special Considerations Relating to Municipal Bonds. The risks and special considerations involved in investment in Municipal Bonds vary with the types of instruments being acquired. Investments in Non-Municipal Tax-Exempt Securities may present similar risks, depending on the particular product. Certain instruments in which the Fund may invest may be characterized as derivative instruments.

 

The value of Municipal Bonds generally may be affected by uncertainties in the municipal markets as a result of legislation or litigation, including legislation or litigation that changes the taxation of Municipal Bonds or the rights of Municipal Bond holders in the event of a bankruptcy. Municipal bankruptcies are rare and certain provisions of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code governing such bankruptcies are unclear. Further, the application of state law to Municipal Bond issuers could produce varying results among the states or among Municipal Bond issuers within a state. These uncertainties could have a significant impact on the prices of the Municipal Bonds in which a Fund invests.

 

Description of Municipal Bonds

 

Municipal Bonds include debt obligations issued to obtain funds for various public purposes, including the construction of a wide range of public facilities, refunding of outstanding obligations and obtaining funds for general operating expenses and loans to other public institutions and facilities. In addition, certain types of bonds are issued by or on behalf of public authorities to finance various privately owned or operated facilities, including certain facilities for the local furnishing of electric energy or gas, sewage facilities, solid waste disposal facilities and other specialized facilities. Such obligations are included within the term Municipal Bonds if the interest paid thereon is excluded from gross income for Federal income tax purposes and any applicable state and local taxes. Other types of industrial development bonds or private activity bonds, the proceeds of which are used for the construction, equipment or improvement of privately operated industrial or commercial facilities, may constitute Municipal Bonds, although the current Federal tax laws place substantial limitations on the size of such issues. The interest on Municipal Bonds may bear a fixed rate or be payable at a variable or floating rate. The two principal classifications of Municipal Bonds are “general obligation” and “revenue” bonds, which latter category includes industrial development bonds (“IDBs”) and, for bonds issued after August 15, 1986, private activity bonds (“PABs”).

 

General Obligation Bonds. General obligation bonds are secured by the issuer’s pledge of its faith, credit and taxing power for the payment of principal and interest. The taxing power of any governmental entity may be limited, however, by provisions of its state constitution or laws, and an entity’s creditworthiness will depend on many factors, including potential erosion of its tax base due to population declines, natural disasters, declines in the state’s industrial base or inability to attract new industries, economic limits on the ability to tax without eroding the tax base, state legislative proposals or voter initiatives to limit ad valorem real property taxes and the extent to which the entity relies on Federal or state aid, access to capital markets or other factors beyond the state’s or entity’s control. Accordingly, the capacity of the issuer of a general obligation bond as to the timely payment of interest and the repayment of principal when due is affected by the issuer’s maintenance of its tax base.

 

Revenue Bonds. Revenue bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a special excise tax or other specific revenue source such as payments from the user of the facility being financed; accordingly the timely payment of interest and the repayment of principal in accordance with the terms of the revenue or special obligation bond is a function of the economic viability of such facility or such revenue source.

 

IDBs and PABs. IDBs and PABs are, in most cases, tax-exempt securities issued by states, municipalities or public authorities to provide funds, usually through a loan or lease arrangement, to a private entity for the purpose of financing construction or improvement of a facility to be used by the entity. Such bonds are secured primarily by revenues derived from loan repayments or lease payments due from the entity, which may or may not be guaranteed by a parent company or otherwise secured. IDBs and PABs generally are not secured by a pledge of the taxing power of the issuer of such bonds. Therefore, an investor should be aware that repayment of such bonds generally depends on the revenues of a private entity and be aware of the risks that such an investment may entail. Continued ability of an entity to generate sufficient revenues

 

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for the payment of principal and interest on such bonds will be affected by many factors including the size of the entity, capital structure, demand for its products or services, competition, general economic conditions, government regulation and the entity’s dependence on revenues for the operation of the particular facility being financed.

 

Moral Obligation Bonds. “Moral obligation” bonds are normally issued by special purpose public authorities. If an issuer of moral obligation bonds is unable to meet its obligations, the repayment of such bonds becomes a moral commitment but not a legal obligation of the state or municipality in question.

 

Municipal Notes. Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, the note may not be fully repaid and a Fund may lose money.

 

Municipal Commercial Paper. Municipal commercial paper is generally unsecured and issued to meet short-term financing needs. The lack of security presents some risk of loss to a Fund.

 

Municipal Lease Obligations. Also included within the general category of Municipal Bonds are certificates of participation (“COPs”) issued by government authorities or entities to finance the acquisition or construction of equipment, land and/or facilities. The COPs represent participations in a lease, an installment purchase contract or a conditional sales contract (hereinafter collectively called “lease obligations”) relating to such equipment, land or facilities. Although lease obligations do not constitute general obligations of the issuer for which the issuer’s unlimited taxing power is pledged, a lease obligation is frequently backed by the issuer’s covenant to budget for, appropriate and make the payments due under the lease obligation. However, certain lease obligations contain “non-appropriation” clauses which provide that the issuer has no obligation to make lease or installment purchase payments in future years unless money is appropriated for such purpose on a yearly basis. Although “non-appropriation” lease obligations are secured by the leased property, disposition of the property in the event of foreclosure might prove difficult. These securities represent a type of financing that has not yet developed the depth of marketability associated with more conventional securities. Certain investments in lease obligations may be illiquid. A Fund may not invest in illiquid lease obligations if such investments, together with all other illiquid investments, would exceed 15% of the Fund’s net assets. A Fund may, however, invest without regard to such limitation in lease obligations that the Manager, pursuant to guidelines that have been adopted by the Directors and subject to the supervision of the Directors, determines to be liquid. The Manager will deem lease obligations to be liquid if they are publicly offered and have received an investment grade rating of Baa or better by Moody’s, or BBB or better by S&P or Fitch. Unrated lease obligations, or those rated below investment grade, will be considered liquid if the obligations come to the market through an underwritten public offering and at least two dealers are willing to give competitive bids. In reference to the latter, the Manager must, among other things, also review the creditworthiness of the entity obligated to make payment under the lease obligation and make certain specified determinations based on such factors as the existence of a rating or credit enhancement such as insurance, the frequency of trades or quotes for the obligation and the willingness of dealers to make a market in the obligation.

 

Yields. Yields on Municipal Bonds are dependent on a variety of factors, including the general condition of the money market and of the municipal bond market, the size of a particular offering, the financial condition of the issuer, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. The ability of a Fund to achieve its investment objective is also dependent on the continuing ability of the issuers of the securities in which the Fund invests to meet their obligations for the payment of interest and principal when due. There are variations in the risks involved in holding Municipal Bonds, both within a particular classification and between classifications, depending on numerous factors. Furthermore, the rights of owners of Municipal Bonds and the obligations of the issuer of such Municipal Bonds may be subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency and similar laws and court decisions affecting the rights of creditors generally and to general equitable principles, which may limit the enforcement of certain remedies.

 

Variable Rate Demand Obligations (“VRDOs”) and Participating VRDOs. VRDOs are tax-exempt obligations that contain a floating or variable interest rate adjustment formula and a right of demand on the part of the holder thereof to receive payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest upon a short notice period not to exceed seven days. There is, however, the possibility that because of default or insolvency the demand feature of VRDOs and Participating VRDOs may not be honored. The interest rates are adjustable at intervals (ranging from daily to up to one year) to some prevailing market rate for similar investments, such adjustment formula being calculated to maintain the market rate of the VRDOs at approximately the par value of the VRDOs on the adjustment date. The adjustments typically are based upon the Public Securities Association Index or some other appropriate interest rate adjustment index. A Fund may invest in all

 

 

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types of tax-exempt instruments currently outstanding or to be issued in the future which satisfy the short-term maturity and quality standards of the Fund.

 

Participating VRDOs provide a Fund with a specified undivided interest (up to 100%) of the underlying obligation and the right to demand payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest on the Participating VRDOs from the financial institution upon a specified number of days notice, not to exceed seven days. In addition, the Participating VRDO is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit or guaranty of the financial institution. A Fund would have an undivided interest in the underlying obligation and thus participate on the same basis as the financial institution in such obligation except that the financial institution typically retains fees out of the interest paid on the obligation for servicing the obligation, providing the letter of credit and issuing the repurchase commitment. The Funds have been advised by counsel that they should be entitled to treat the income received on Participating VRDOs as interest from tax-exempt obligations. It is not contemplated that any Fund will invest more than a limited amount of its total assets in Participating VRDOs.

 

VRDOs that contain a right of demand to receive payment of the unpaid principal balance plus accrued interest on a notice period exceeding seven days may be deemed to be illiquid securities. A VRDO with a demand notice period exceeding seven days will therefore be subject to a Fund’s restriction on illiquid investments unless, in the judgment of the Directors such VRDO is liquid. The Directors may adopt guidelines and delegate to the Manager the daily function of determining and monitoring liquidity of such VRDOs. The Directors, however, will retain sufficient oversight and will be ultimately responsible for such determinations.

 

The VRDOs and Participating VRDOs in which a Fund may invest will be in the following rating categories at the time of purchase: MIG-1/ VMIG-1 through MIG-3/VMIG-3 for notes and VRDOs and Prime-1 through Prime-3 for commercial paper (as determined by Moody’s), SP-1 through SP-2 for notes and A-1 through A-3 for VRDOs and commercial paper (as determined by S&P), or F-1 through F-3 for notes, VRDOs and commercial paper (as determined by Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”)).

 

Transactions in Financial Futures Contracts.

 

The Municipal Funds deal in financial futures contracts based on a long-term municipal bond index developed by the Chicago Board of Trade (“CBT”) and The Bond Buyer (the “Municipal Bond Index”). The Municipal Bond Index is comprised of 40 tax-exempt municipal revenue and general obligation bonds. Each bond included in the Municipal Bond Index must be rated A or higher by Moody’s or S&P and must have a remaining maturity of 19 years or more. Twice a month new issues satisfying the eligibility requirements are added to, and an equal number of old issues are deleted from, the Municipal Bond Index. The value of the Municipal Bond Index is computed daily according to a formula based on the price of each bond in the Municipal Bond Index, as evaluated by six dealer-to-dealer brokers.

 

The Municipal Bond Index futures contract is traded only on the CBT. Like other contract markets, the CBT assures performance under futures contracts through a clearing corporation, a nonprofit organization managed by the exchange membership which is also responsible for handling daily accounting of deposits or withdrawals of margin

 

The particular municipal bonds comprising the index underlying the Municipal Bond Index financial futures contract may vary from the bonds held by a Municipal Fund. As a result, a Municipal Fund’s ability to hedge effectively all or a portion of the value of its Municipal Bonds through the use of such financial futures contracts will depend in part on the degree to which price movements in the index underlying the financial futures contract correlate with the price movements of the Municipal Bonds held by the Fund. The correlation may be affected by disparities in the average maturity, ratings, geographical mix or structure of a Municipal Fund’s investments as compared to those comprising the Municipal Bond Index and general economic or political factors. In addition, the correlation between movements in the value of the Municipal Bond Index may be subject to change over time as additions to and deletions from the Municipal Bond Index alter its structure. The correlation between futures contracts on U.S. Government securities and the Municipal Bonds held by a Municipal Fund may be adversely affected by similar factors and the risk of imperfect correlation between movements in the prices of such futures contracts and the prices of Municipal Bonds held by a Municipal Fund may be greater. Municipal Bond Index futures contracts were approved for trading in 1986. Trading in such futures contracts may tend to be less liquid than trading in other futures contracts. The trading of futures contracts also is subject to certain market risks, such as inadequate trading activity, which could at times make it difficult or impossible to liquidate existing positions.

 

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Call Rights.

 

A Fund may purchase a Municipal Bond issuer’s right to call all or a portion of such Municipal Bond for mandatory tender for purchase (a “Call Right”). A holder of a Call Right may exercise such right to require a mandatory tender for the purchase of related Municipal Bonds, subject to certain conditions. A Call Right that is not exercised prior to maturity of the related Municipal Bond will expire without value. The economic effect of holding both the Call Right and the related Municipal Bond is identical to holding a Municipal Bond as a non-callable security. Certain investments in such obligations may be illiquid. A Fund may not invest in such illiquid obligations if such investments, together with other illiquid investments, would exceed 15% of a Fund’s net assets.

 

Municipal Interest Rate Swap Transactions.

 

In order to hedge the value of a Fund against interest rate fluctuations or to enhance a Fund’s income, a Fund may enter into interest rate swap transactions such as Municipal Market Data AAA Cash Curve swaps (“MMD Swaps”) or Bond Market Association Municipal Swap Index swaps (“BMA Swaps”). To the extent that a Fund enters into these transactions, the Fund expects to do so primarily to preserve a return or spread on a particular investment or portion of its portfolio or to protect against any increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date. A Fund intends to use these transactions primarily as a hedge rather than as a speculative investment. However, a Fund also may invest in MMD Swaps and BMA Swaps to enhance income or gain or to increase the Fund’s yield, for example, during periods of steep interest rate yield curves (i.e., wide differences between short term and long term interest rates).

 

A Fund may purchase and sell BMA Swaps in the BMA swap market. In a BMA Swap, a Fund exchanges with another party their respective commitments to pay or receive interest (e.g., an exchange of fixed rate payments for floating rate payments linked to the Bond Market Association Municipal Swap Index). Because the underlying index is a tax-exempt index, BMA Swaps may reduce cross-market risks incurred by a Fund and increase a Fund’s ability to hedge effectively. BMA Swaps are typically quoted for the entire yield curve, beginning with a seven day floating rate index out to 30 years. The duration of a BMA Swap is approximately equal to the duration of a fixed-rate Municipal Bond with the same attributes as the swap (e.g., coupon, maturity, call feature).

 

A Fund may also purchase and sell MMD Swaps, also known as MMD rate locks. An MMD Swap permits a Fund to lock in a specified municipal interest rate for a portion of its portfolio to preserve a return on a particular investment or a portion of its portfolio as a duration management technique or to protect against any increase in the price of securities to be purchased at a later date. By using an MMD Swap, a Fund can create a synthetic long or short position, allowing the Fund to select the most attractive part of the yield curve. An MMD Swap is a contract between a Fund and an MMD Swap provider pursuant to which the parties agree to make payments to each other on a notional amount, contingent upon whether the Municipal Market Data AAA General Obligation Scale is above or below a specified level on the expiration date of the contract. For example, if a Fund buys an MMD Swap and the Municipal Market Data AAA General Obligation Scale is below the specified level on the expiration date, the counterparty to the contract will make a payment to the Fund equal to the specified level minus the actual level, multiplied by the notional amount of the contract. If the Municipal Market Data AAA General Obligation Scale is above the specified level on the expiration date, a Fund will make a payment to the counterparty equal to the actual level minus the specified level, multiplied by the notional amount of the contract.

 

In connection with investments in BMA and MMD Swaps, there is a risk that municipal yields will move in the opposite direction than anticipated by a Fund, which would cause the Fund to make payments to its counterparty in the transaction that could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. A Fund has no obligation to enter into BMA or MMD Swaps and may not do so. The net amount of the excess, if any, of a Fund’s obligations over its entitlements with respect to each interest rate swap will be accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash or liquid securities having an aggregate net asset value at least equal to the accrued excess will be maintained in a segregated account by the Fund’s custodian.

 

Suitability (All Funds)

 

The economic benefit of an investment in any Fund depends upon many factors beyond the control of the Fund, the Manager and its affiliates. Each Fund should be considered a vehicle for diversification and not as a balanced investment program. The suitability for any particular investor of a purchase of shares in a Fund will depend upon, among other things, such investor’s investment objectives and such investor’s ability to accept the risks associated with investing in securities, including the risk of loss of principal.

 

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Investment Restrictions (All Funds)

 

See Part I, Section II “Investment Restrictions” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for the specific fundamental and non-fundamental investment restrictions adopted by each Fund. In addition to those investment restrictions, each Fund is also subject to the restrictions discussed below.

 

The staff of the Commission has taken the position that purchased OTC options and the assets used as cover for written OTC options are illiquid securities. Therefore, each Fund has adopted an investment policy pursuant to which it will not purchase or sell OTC options (including OTC options on futures contracts) if, as a result of any such transaction, the sum of the market value of OTC options currently outstanding that are held by the Fund, the market value of the underlying securities covered by OTC call options currently outstanding that were sold by the Fund and margin deposits on the Fund’s existing OTC options on financial futures contracts, together with all other assets of the Fund that are illiquid or are not otherwise readily marketable, exceeds 15% of the net assets of the Fund, taken at market value. However, if an OTC option is sold by a Fund to a primary U.S. Government securities dealer recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and if the Fund has the unconditional contractual right to repurchase such OTC option from the dealer at a predetermined price, then the Fund will treat as illiquid such amount of the underlying securities as is equal to the repurchase price less the amount by which the option is “in-the-money” (i.e., current market value of the underlying securities minus the option’s strike price). The repurchase price with the primary dealers is typically a formula price which is generally based on a multiple of the premium received for the option, plus the amount by which the option is “in-the-money.” This policy as to OTC options is not a fundamental policy of any Fund and may be amended by the Board of Directors of the Fund without the approval of the Fund’s shareholders. However, no Fund will change or modify this policy prior to the change or modification by the Commission staff of its position.

 

Each Fund’s investments will be limited in order to allow the Fund to qualify as a “regulated investment company” for purposes of the Code. See “Dividends and Taxes — Taxes.” To qualify, among other requirements, each Fund will limit its investments so that, at the close of each quarter of the taxable year, (i) not more than 25% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets will be invested in the securities of a single issuer, and (ii) with respect to 50% of the market value of its total assets, not more than 5% of the market value of its total assets will be invested in the securities of a single issuer and the Fund will not own more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of a single issuer. Foreign government securities (unlike U.S. government securities) are not exempt from the diversification requirements of the Code and the securities of each foreign government issuer are considered to be obligations of a single issuer. These tax-related limitations may be changed by the Directors of a Fund to the extent necessary to comply with changes to the Federal tax requirements. A Fund that is “diversified” under the Investment Company Act must satisfy the foregoing 5% and 10% requirements with respect to 75% of its total assets.

 

MANAGEMENT AND OTHER SERVICE ARRANGEMENTS

 

Directors and Officers

 

See Part I, Section III “Information on Officers and Directors,” “— Biographical Information,” “— Share Ownership” and “— Compensation of Directors” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for biographical and certain other information relating to the Directors and officers of your Fund, including Directors’ compensation.

 

Management Arrangements

 

Management Services. The Manager provides each Fund with investment advisory and management services. Subject to the supervision of the Directors, the Manager is responsible for the actual management of a Fund’s portfolio and reviews the Fund’s holdings in light of its own research analysis and that from other relevant sources. The responsibility for making decisions to buy, sell or hold a particular security rests with the Manager. The Manager performs certain of the other administrative services and provides all the office space, facilities, equipment and necessary personnel for management of each Fund.

 

Each Feeder Fund invests all of its assets in shares of a Master Portfolio. Accordingly, Feeder Funds do not invest directly in portfolio securities and do not require management services. All portfolio management occurs at the Master Portfolio level.

 

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Management Fee. Each Fund has entered into a management agreement with the Manager (the “Management Agreement”), pursuant to which the Manager receives for its services to the Fund monthly compensation at an annual rate based on the average daily net assets of the Fund. For information regarding fees paid by your Fund to the Manager for the Fund’s last three fiscal years or other applicable periods, see Part I, Section IV “Management and Advisory Arrangements” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.

 

Sub-Advisory Fee. The Manager of certain Funds has entered into a sub-advisory agreement (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”) with the sub-adviser identified in each such Fund’s prospectus (the “Sub-Adviser”) pursuant to which the Sub-adviser provides sub-advisory services to the Manager with respect to the Fund. For information relating to the fees paid by the Manager to the Sub-Adviser pursuant to the Sub-Advisory Agreement for the Fund’s last three fiscal years or other applicable periods, see Part I, Section IV “Management and Advisory Arrangements” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.

 

Payment of Fund Expenses. Each Management Agreement obligates the Manager to provide management services and to pay all compensation of and furnish office space for officers and employees of a Fund connected with investment and economic research, trading and investment management of the Fund, as well as the fees of all Directors of the Fund who are interested persons of the Fund. Each Fund pays all other expenses incurred in the operation of that Fund, including among other things: taxes; expenses for legal and auditing services; costs of preparing, printing and mailing proxies, stock certificates, shareholder reports, prospectuses and statements of additional information, except to the extent paid by FAM Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”); charges of the custodian and sub-custodian, and the transfer agent; expenses of redemption of shares; Commission fees; expenses of registering the shares under Federal, state or foreign laws; fees and expenses of Directors who are not interested persons of a Fund as defined in the Investment Company Act (the “non-interested Directors”); accounting and pricing costs (including the daily calculations of net asset value); insurance; interest; brokerage costs; litigation and other extraordinary or non-recurring expenses; and other expenses properly payable by the Fund. Certain accounting services are provided to each Fund by State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) pursuant to an agreement between State Street and each Fund. Each Fund pays a fee for these services. In addition, the Manager provides certain accounting services to each Fund and the Fund pays the Manager a fee for such services. The Distributor pays certain promotional expenses of the Funds incurred in connection with the offering of shares of the Funds. Certain expenses are financed by each Fund pursuant to distribution plans in compliance with Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. See “Purchase of Shares — Distribution Plans.”

 

Organization of the Manager. Fund Asset Management, L.P. and Merrill Lynch Investment Managers, L.P. each is a limited partnership. The partners of FAM and MLIM are Merrill Lynch & Co., Inc. (“ML & Co.”), a financial services holding company and the parent of Merrill Lynch, Pierce Fenner & Smith Incorporated (“Merrill Lynch”), and Princeton Services, Inc. (“Princeton Services”). ML & Co. and Princeton Services are “controlling persons” of FAM and MLIM (as defined under the Investment Company Act) because of their ownership of FAM’s and MLIM’s voting securities or their power to exercise a controlling influence over FAM’s and MLIM’s management or policies. Merrill Lynch Investment Managers International Limited (“MLIMIL”) is an affiliate of FAM and MLIM. The ultimate parent of MLIMIL is ML & Co. ML & Co. is a controlling person of MLIMIL (as defined under the Investment Company Act) because of its ownership of MLIMIL’s voting securities or its power to exercise a controlling influence over MLIMIL’s management or policies.

 

The following entities may be considered “controlling persons” of Merrill Lynch Asset Management U.K. Limited (“MLAM U.K.”): Merrill Lynch Europe PLC (MLAM U.K.’s parent), a subsidiary of Merrill Lynch International Holdings, Inc., a subsidiary of Merrill Lynch International, Inc., a subsidiary of ML & Co.

 

Other Service Arrangements

 

Administrative Services and Administrative Fee. Each Feeder Fund has entered into an administration agreement (the “Administration Agreement”) with an administrator identified in the Feeder Fund’s prospectus and Part I of each Feeder Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (each, an “Administrator”). For information regarding administrative fees paid by your Fund to the Administrator for the periods indicated, see Part I, Section IV “Management and Advisory Arrangements” of each Feeder Fund’s Statement of Additional Information.

 

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Each Administration Agreement obligates the Administrator to provide certain administrative services to the Feeder Fund and to pay, or cause its affiliates to pay, for maintaining its staff and personnel and to provide office space, facilities and necessary personnel for the Feeder Fund. Each Administrator is also obligated to pay, or cause its affiliates to pay, the fees of those officers and Directors of the Feeder Fund who are affiliated persons of the Administrator or any of its affiliates.

 

Duration and Termination. Unless earlier terminated as described below, each Management Agreement and, if applicable, each Sub-Advisory Agreement and Administration Agreement will remain in effect from year to year if approved annually (a) by the Board or by a vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund and (b) by a majority of the Directors who are not parties to such contract or interested persons (as defined in the Investment Company Act) of any such party. Each Agreement is not assignable and may be terminated without penalty on 60 days’ written notice at the option of either party thereto or by the vote of the shareholders of the Fund.

 

Transfer Agency Services. Financial Data Services, Inc. (the “Transfer Agent”), a subsidiary of ML & Co., acts as each Fund’s (other than Municipal Investment Accumulation’s) Transfer Agent pursuant to a Transfer Agency, Dividend Disbursing Agency and Shareholder Servicing Agency Agreement (each, a “Transfer Agency Agreement”). Pursuant to each Transfer Agency Agreement, the Transfer Agent is responsible for the issuance, transfer and redemption of shares and the opening and maintenance of shareholder accounts. Each Fund currently pays between $16.00 and $20.00 for each Class A or Class I shareholder account, between $19.00 and $23.00 for each Class B or Class C shareholder account, depending on the level of service required, and, where applicable, $16.00 for each Class R shareholder account. Each Fund reimburses the Transfer Agent’s reasonable out-of-pocket expenses and pays a fee of 0.10% of account assets for certain accounts that participate in the Merrill Lynch Mutual Fund Advisor (Merrill Lynch MFASM) Program (the “MFA Program”). For purposes of each Transfer Agency Agreement, the term “account” includes a shareholder account maintained directly by the Transfer Agent and any other account representing the beneficial interest of a person in the relevant share class on a recordkeeping system, provided the recordkeeping system is maintained by a subsidiary of ML & Co. The Bank of New York acts as transfer agent to Municipal Investment Accumulation’s for a fee. See Part I, Section IV “Management and Advisory Arrangements — Transfer Agency Fees” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for information on the transfer agency fees paid by your Fund for the periods indicated.

 

Independent Auditor. The Directors of each Fund have selected an independent auditor for that Fund that audits the Fund’s financial statements. Please see your Fund’s Prospectus for information on your Fund’s independent auditor.

 

Custodian Services. The name and address of the custodian (the “Custodian”) of each Fund are identified on the back cover page of the Fund’s Prospectus. The Custodian is responsible for safeguarding and controlling the Fund’s cash and securities, handling the receipt and delivery of securities and collecting interest and dividends on the Fund’s investments. The Custodian is authorized to establish separate accounts in foreign currencies and to cause foreign securities owned by the Fund to be held in its offices outside the United States and with certain foreign banks and securities depositories.

 

For certain Feeder Funds, the Custodian also acts as the custodian of the Master Portfolio’s assets.

 

Accounting Services. Each Fund has entered into an agreement with State Street, pursuant to which State Street provides certain accounting services to the Fund. Each Fund pays a fee for these services. State Street provides similar accounting services to the Master Trusts. For Funds operating prior to January 1, 2001, the Manager or the Administrator (in the case of Feeder Funds) provided accounting services to each Fund and was reimbursed by each Fund at its cost in connection with such services. The Manager or the Administrator continues to provide certain accounting services to each Fund and each Fund reimburses the Manager or the Administrator for these services.

 

See Part I, Section IV “Management and Advisory Arrangements — Accounting Services” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for information on the amounts paid by your Fund and Master Trust, if applicable, to State Street and the Manager or, if applicable, the Administrator for the periods indicated.

 

Distribution Expenses. Each Select Pricing Fund (as defined below) has entered into a distribution agreement with FAM Distributors, Inc. in connection with the continuous offering of each class of shares of the Fund (the “Distribution Agreement”). The Distribution Agreement obligates the Distributor to pay certain expenses in connection with the offering of each class of shares of the Select Pricing Funds. After the prospectuses, statements of additional information and periodic reports have been prepared, set in type and mailed to shareholders, the Distributor pays for the printing and distribution of these documents used in connection with the offering to dealers and investors. The Distributor also pays for

 

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other supplementary sales literature and advertising costs. The Distribution Agreement is subject to the same renewal requirements and termination provisions as the Management Agreement described above.

 

Code of Ethics

 

The Board of each Fund has approved a Code of Ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act, which covers the Fund, the Manager, the Sub-Adviser, if any, and the Distributor. The Code of Ethics establishes procedures for personal investing and restricts certain transactions. Employees subject to the Code of Ethics may invest in securities for their personal investment accounts, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund.

 

PURCHASE OF SHARES

 

Each Fund (other than Municipal Investment Accumulation) offers multiple classes of shares under the Merrill Lynch Select PricingSM System: Class A and Class I shares are sold to investors choosing the initial sales charge alternatives and Class B and Class C shares are sold to investors choosing the deferred sales charge alternatives. In addition, certain Funds offer Class R shares to certain retirement plans. Please see your Fund’s prospectus to determine whether it offers Class R shares. Each class has different exchange privileges. See “Shareholder Services — Exchange Privilege.”

 

Municipal Investment Accumulation offers a single class of shares, which is sold without a sales charge or a distribution fee and is available only to certain investors. Municipal Investment Accumulation shares do not have an exchange privilege.

 

The Merrill Lynch Select PricingSM System is used by more than 50 registered investment companies advised by the Managers. Funds that use the Merrill Lynch Select PricingSM System are referred to herein as “Select Pricing Funds.”

 

The applicable offering price for purchase orders is based on the net asset value of the Fund next determined after receipt of the purchase order by a dealer or other financial intermediary (“Selling Dealer”) that has been authorized by the Distributor by contract to accept such orders. As to purchase orders received by Selling Dealers prior to the close of business on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) (generally, the NYSE closes at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time), on the day the order is placed, which includes orders received after the close of business on the previous day, the applicable offering price is based on the net asset value determined as of the close of business on the NYSE on that day. If the purchase orders are not received by the Selling Dealer before the close of business on the NYSE, such orders are deemed received on the next business day.

 

The Fund or the Distributor may suspend the continuous offering of the Fund’s shares of any class at any time in response to conditions in the securities markets or otherwise and may resume offering of shares from time to time. Any order may be rejected by the Fund or the Distributor. Neither the Distributor, the securities dealers or other financial intermediaries are permitted to withhold placing orders to benefit themselves by a price change.

 

Initial Sales Charge Alternatives — Class A and Class I Shares

 

Investors who prefer an initial sales charge alternative may elect to purchase Class A shares or, if an eligible investor, Class I shares. Investors choosing the initial sales charge alternative who are eligible to purchase Class I shares should purchase Class I shares rather than Class A shares because there is an account maintenance fee imposed on Class A shares. Investors qualifying for significantly reduced initial sales charges may find the initial sales charge alternative particularly attractive because similar sales charge reductions are not available with respect to the deferred sales charges imposed in connection with purchases of Class B or Class C shares. Investors not qualifying for reduced initial sales charges who expect to maintain their investment for an extended period of time also may elect to purchase Class A or Class I shares, because over time the accumulated ongoing account maintenance and distribution fees on Class B, Class C or Class R shares may exceed the initial sales charges and, in the case of Class A shares, the account maintenance fee. Although some investors who previously purchased Class I shares may no longer be eligible to purchase Class I shares of other Select Pricing Funds, those previously purchased Class I shares, together with Class A, Class B and Class C share holdings, will count toward a right of accumulation which may qualify the investor for a reduced initial sales charge on new initial sales charge purchases. In addition, the ongoing Class B, Class C and Class R shares account maintenance and distribution fees will cause Class B, Class C and Class R shares to have higher expense ratios, pay lower dividends and have lower total returns than the initial sales charge shares. The ongoing Class A account maintenance fees will cause Class A shares to have a higher expense ratio, pay lower dividends and have a lower total return than Class I shares.

 

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The term “purchase,” as used in the Prospectus and this Statement of Additional Information in connection with an investment in Class A and Class I shares of a Fund, refers to (i) a single purchase by an individual, (ii) concurrent purchases by an individual, his or her spouse and their children under the age of 21 years purchasing shares for his, her or their own account, and (iii) single purchases by a trustee or other fiduciary purchasing shares for a single trust estate or single fiduciary account although more than one beneficiary may be involved. The term “purchase” also includes purchases by any “company,” as that term is defined in the Investment Company Act, but does not include (i) purchases by any company that has not been in existence for at least six months, (ii) a company that has no purpose other than the purchase of shares of a Fund or shares of other registered investment companies at a discount, or (iii) any group of individuals whose sole organizational nexus is that its participants are credit cardholders of a company, policyholders of an insurance company, customers of either a bank or broker-dealer or clients of an investment adviser.

 

Eligible Class I Investors. Class I shares are offered to a limited group of investors. Investors who currently own Class I shares in a shareholder account, including participants in the Merrill Lynch BlueprintSM Program, are entitled to purchase additional Class I shares of a Fund in that account. Certain employer-sponsored retirement or savings plans, including eligible 401(k) plans, may purchase Class I shares at net asset value provided such plans meet the required minimum number of eligible employees or required amount of assets advised by the Manager or any of its affiliates. Class I shares are available at net asset value to corporate warranty insurance reserve fund programs and U.S. branches of foreign banking institutions provided that the program or bank has $3 million or more initially invested in Select Pricing Funds. Also eligible to purchase Class I shares at net asset value are participants in certain investment programs including TMASM Managed Trusts to which Merrill Lynch Trust Company provides discretionary trustee services, collective investment trusts for which Merrill Lynch Trust Company serves as trustee and certain purchases made in connection with certain fee-based programs. In addition, Class I shares are offered at net asset value to ML & Co. and its subsidiaries and their directors and employees and to members of the Boards of investment companies advised by MLIM, FAM or their affiliates. Class I shares of Bond Fund are also available at net asset value to institutional investors that purchase more than $50 million of that Fund’s shares. Certain persons who acquired shares of certain closed-end funds advised by MLIM or FAM in their initial offerings who wish to reinvest the net proceeds from a sale of their closed-end fund shares of common stock in shares of a Fund also may purchase Class I shares of the Fund if certain conditions are met. In addition, Class I shares of certain Select Pricing Funds are offered at net asset value to shareholders of certain continuously offered closed-end funds advised by MLIM or FAM who wish to reinvest the net proceeds from the sale of a certain of their shares of common stock pursuant to a tender offer conducted by such funds. See “Purchase of Shares —Closed-End Fund Reinvestment Options.”

 

Other Class I Waivers. Class I shares are also offered at net asset value to collective investment trusts for which Merrill Lynch Trust Company serves as trustee and certain purchases made in connection with certain fee-based programs.

 

See Part I, Section V “Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses — Class A and Class I Sales Charge Information” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for information about amounts paid to the Distributor in connection with Class A and I shares for the periods indicated.

 

The Distributor may reallow discounts to selected securities dealers and other financial intermediaries and retain the balance over such discounts. At times the Distributor may reallow the entire sales charge to such dealers. Since securities dealers and other financial intermediaries selling Class A and Class I shares of a Fund will receive a concession equal to most of the sales charge, they may be deemed to be underwriters under the Securities Act.

 

Reduced Initial Sales Charges

 

Certain investors may be eligible for a reduction or waiver of a sales load due to the nature of the investors and/or the reduced sales efforts necessary to obtain their investments.

 

Reinvested Dividends. No sales charges are imposed upon shares issued as a result of the automatic reinvestment of dividends.

 

Rights of Accumulation. Eligible investors may purchase shares of a Fund subject to an initial sales charge at the offering price applicable to the total of (a) the public offering price of the shares then being purchased plus (b) an amount equal to the then current net asset value or cost, whichever is higher, of the purchaser’s combined holdings of all qualifying classes of shares of a Fund and of any other Select Pricing Funds. The purchaser or the purchaser’s securities dealer or other

 

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financial intermediary must provide the Distributor at the time of purchase with sufficient information to confirm qualification. Acceptance of the purchase order is subject to such confirmation. The right of accumulation may be amended or terminated at any time. Shares held in the name of a nominee or custodian under pension, profit-sharing or other employee benefit plans may not be combined with other shares to qualify for the right of accumulation.

 

Letter of Intent. Reduced sales charges are applicable to purchases aggregating $25,000 or more ($100,000 or more for Bond Fund – Intermediate Term Portfolio and Municipal Bond – Limited Maturity Portfolio), of Class A or Class I shares of a Fund or any other Select Pricing Funds made within a 13-month period. The Letter of Intent is available only to investors whose accounts are established and maintained at the Transfer Agent. The Letter of Intent is not available to employee benefit plans for which affiliates of the Manager provide plan participant record-keeping services. The Letter of Intent is not a binding obligation to purchase any amount of Class A or Class I shares. If you bought Class A or Class I shares prior to signing a Letter of Intent, those shares may be included under a subsequent Letter of Intent executed within 90 days of the purchase if you inform the Distributor in writing of your intent within the 90-day period. The value (at cost or maximum offering price, whichever is higher) of Class A and Class I shares of a Select Pricing Fund presently held on the date of the first purchase under the Letter of Intent may be included as a credit toward the completion of such Letter, but the reduced sales charge will be applied only to new purchases. If the total amount of shares does not equal the amount stated in the Letter of Intent, you will be notified and must pay, within 20 days of the expiration of such Letter, the difference between the reduced sales charge and the applicable sales charge. Class A or Class I shares equal to at least 5.0% of the intended amount will be held in escrow during the 13-month period (while remaining registered in the name of the purchaser) for this purpose. The first purchase under the Letter of Intent must be at least 5.0% of the dollar amount of such Letter. You may be entitled to further reduced sales charges under a right of accumulation for purchases made during the term of a Letter. You will not, however, be entitled to further reduced sales charges on any purchases made before the execution of the Letter.

 

The value of any shares you redeem prior to termination or completion of the Letter of Intent will be deducted from the total purchases made under such Letter. An exchange from the Summit Cash Reserves Fund (“Summit”), a series of Financial Institutions Series Trust, into a Fund that imposes a sales charge will count toward completing a Letter of Intent from the Fund.

 

Merrill Lynch BlueprintSM Program. Class A shares of certain Funds are offered to participants in the Merrill Lynch BlueprintSM Program (“Blueprint”). In addition, participants in Blueprint who own Class I shares of a Fund may purchase additional Class I shares of the Fund through Blueprint. Blueprint is directed to small investors, group IRAs and participants in certain affinity groups such as credit unions, trade associations and benefit plans. Investors purchasing Class A or Class I shares of a Fund through Blueprint will acquire the shares at net asset value plus a sales charge calculated in accordance with the Blueprint sales charge schedule. Under this schedule, purchase of up to $300 are subject to a sales charge of 4.25%; purchases of $300.01 up to $5,000 are subject to a sales charge of 3.25% plus $3; and purchases of $5,000.01 or more are subject to the standard sales charge rates disclosed in the Prospectus. In addition, Class A or Class I shares of each Fund are offered at net asset value plus a sales charge of .50% of 1% for corporate or group IRA programs purchasing shares through Blueprint.

 

Class A and Class I shares are offered at net asset value to participants in Blueprint through the Merrill Lynch Directed IRA Rollover Program (“IRA Rollover Program”) available from Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services, a business unit of Merrill Lynch. The IRA Rollover Program is available to custodian rollover assets from employer-sponsored retirement and savings plans whose trustee and/or plan sponsor has entered into a Merrill Lynch Directed IRA Rollover Program Service Agreement.

 

Shareholder services, including the exchange privilege, available to Class A, Class B and Class I investors through Blueprint may differ from those available to other Class A, Class B or Class I investors. Orders for purchases and redemptions of Class A, Class B or Class I shares of a Fund may be grouped for execution purposes which, in some circumstances, may involve the execution of such orders two business days following the day such orders are placed. The minimum initial purchase price is $100, with a $50 minimum for subsequent purchases through Blueprint. There are no minimum initial or subsequent purchase requirements for participants who are part of an automatic investment plan. Additional information concerning purchases through Blueprint, including any annual fees and transaction charges, is available from Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, The BlueprintSM Program, P.O. Box 30441, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08989-0441.

 

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TMASM Managed Trusts. Class I shares are offered at net asset value to TMASM Managed Trusts to which Merrill Lynch Trust Company provides discretionary trustee services.

 

Purchase Privileges of Certain Persons. Directors of each Fund, members of the Boards of other funds advised by the Manager or an affiliate, ML & Co. and its subsidiaries and their directors and employees and any trust, pension, profit-sharing or other benefit plan for such persons, may purchase Class I shares at net asset value. A Fund realizes economies of scale and reduction of sales-related expenses by virtue of the familiarity of these persons with the Fund. Employees and directors or trustees wishing to purchase shares of a Fund must satisfy the Fund’s suitability standards.

 

Class A shares of each Fund are offered at net asset value, without a sales charge, to an investor that has a business relationship with a Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor who joined Merrill Lynch from another investment firm within six months prior to the date of purchase by such investor, if the following conditions are satisfied: first, the investor must advise Merrill Lynch that it will purchase Class A shares of a Fund with proceeds from a redemption of shares of a mutual fund that was sponsored by the Financial Advisor’s previous firm and was subject to a sales charge either at the time of purchase or on a deferred basis; and second, the investor must establish that the redemption had been made within 60 days prior to the investment in a Fund and the proceeds from the redemption had been maintained in the interim in cash or a money market fund.

 

Class A shares of each Fund are also offered at net asset value, without a sales charge, to an investor that has a business relationship with a Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor and that has invested in a mutual fund sponsored by a non-Merrill Lynch company for which Merrill Lynch has served as a selected dealer and where Merrill Lynch has either received or given notice that such arrangement will be terminated (“notice”) if the following conditions are satisfied: first, the investor must purchase Class A shares of a Fund with proceeds from a redemption of shares of such other mutual fund and the shares of such other fund were subject to a sales charge either at the time of purchase or on a deferred basis; and, second, such purchase of Class A shares must be made within 90 days after such notice.

 

Class A shares of each Fund are offered at net asset value, without a sales charge, to an investor that has a business relationship with a Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor and that has invested in a mutual fund for which Merrill Lynch has not served as a selected dealer if the following conditions are satisfied: first, the investor must advise Merrill Lynch that it will purchase Class A shares of a Fund with proceeds from the redemption of shares of such other mutual fund and that such shares have been outstanding for a period of no less than six months; and, second, such purchase of Class A shares must be made within 60 days after the redemption and the proceeds from the redemption must be maintained in the interim in cash or a money market fund.

 

Acquisition of Certain Investment Companies. Class A shares may be offered at net asset value in connection with the acquisition of the assets of or merger or consolidation with a personal holding company or a public or private investment company.

 

Purchases Through Certain Financial Intermediaries. Reduced sales charges may be applicable for purchases of Class A or Class I shares of a Fund through certain financial advisors, selected securities dealers and other financial intermediaries that meet and adhere to standards established by the Manager from time to time.

 

Deferred Sales Charge Alternatives — Class B and Class C Shares

 

Investors choosing the deferred sales charge alternatives should consider Class B shares if they intend to hold their shares for an extended period of time and Class C shares if they are uncertain as to the length of time they intend to hold their assets in a Fund.

 

The deferred sales charge alternatives may be particularly appealing to investors who do not qualify for the reduction in initial sales charges. Both Class B and Class C shares are subject to ongoing account maintenance fees and distribution fees; however, these fees potentially may be offset to the extent any return is realized on the additional funds initially invested in Class B or Class C shares. In addition, Class B shares will be converted into Class A shares of the Fund after a conversion period of approximately ten years, and thereafter investors will be subject to lower ongoing fees.

 

Merrill Lynch compensates its Financial Advisors for selling Class B and Class C shares at the time of purchase from its own funds. Proceeds from the contingent deferred sales charge (“CDSC”) and the distribution fee are paid to the

 

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Distributor and are used by the Distributor to defray the expenses of securities dealers or other financial intermediaries (including Merrill Lynch) related to providing distribution-related services to each Fund in connection with the sale of the Class B and Class C shares. The combination of the CDSC and the ongoing distribution fee facilitates the ability of each Fund to sell the Class B and Class C shares without a sales charge being deducted at the time of purchase. See “Distribution Plans” below. Imposition of the CDSC and the distribution fee on Class B and Class C shares is limited by the NASD asset-based sales charge rule. See “Limitations on the Payment of Deferred Sales Charges” below.

 

Contingent Deferred Sales Charges — Class B Shares. If you redeem Class B shares within six years of purchase (three years for Bond Fund – Intermediate Term Portfolio, Municipal Bond – Limited Maturity Portfolio, and Municipal Intermediate Term) you may be charged a CDSC at the rates indicated in the Prospectus and below. The CDSC will be calculated in a manner that results in the lowest applicable rate being charged. The charge will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of the proceeds of redemption or the cost of the shares being redeemed. Accordingly, no CDSC will be imposed on increases in net asset value above the initial purchase price. In addition, no CDSC will be assessed on shares derived from reinvestment of dividends. The order of redemption will be first of shares held for over six years or three years, as applicable, in the case of Class B shares, next of shares acquired pursuant to reinvestment of dividends, and finally of shares in the order of those held longest. The same order of redemption will apply if you transfer shares from your account to another account.

 

The following table sets forth the Class B CDSC for all Funds except Bond Fund – Intermediate Term Portfolio, Municipal Bond – Limited Maturity Portfolio, and Municipal Intermediate Term:

 

Year Since Purchase

Payment Made


    

CDSC as a Percentage

of Dollar Amount

Subject to Charge †


0-1

     4.0%

1-2

     4.0%

2-3

     3.0%

3-4

     3.0%

4-5

     2.0%

5-6

     1.0%

6 and thereafter

     None

  For Class B shares purchased before December 1, 2002, the four-year CDSC schedule in effect at that time will apply.

 

To provide an example, assume an investor purchased 100 shares at $10 per share (at a cost of $1,000) and in the third year after purchase, the net asset value per share is $12 and, during such time, the investor has acquired 10 additional shares upon dividend reinvestment. If at such time the investor makes his or her first redemption of 50 shares (proceeds of $600), 10 shares will not be subject to a CDSC because they were issued through dividend reinvestment. With respect to the remaining 40 shares, the charge is applied only to the original cost of $10 per share and not to the increase in net asset value of $2 per share. Therefore, $400 of the $600 redemption proceeds will be charged at a rate of 3.0% (the applicable rate in the third year after purchase).

 

The following table sets forth the Class B CDSC for Bond Fund – Intermediate Term Portfolio, Municipal Bond – Limited Maturity Portfolio, and Municipal Intermediate Term:

 

Year Since Purchase

Payment Made


    

CDSC as a Percentage

of Dollar Amount

Subject to Charge †


0-1

     1.00%

1-2

     0.50%

2-3

     0.25%

3 and thereafter

     None

  For Class B shares purchased before December 1, 2002, the one-year CDSC schedule in effect at that time will apply.

 

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The Class B CDSC may be waived on redemptions of shares in connection with certain post-retirement withdrawals from an Individual Retirement Account (“IRA”) or other retirement plan or following the death or disability (as defined in the Code) of a shareholder (including one who owns the Class B shares as joint tenant with his or her spouse), provided the redemption is requested within one year of the death or initial determination of disability or, if later, reasonably promptly following completion of probate. The Class B CDSC also may be waived on redemptions of shares by certain eligible 401(a) and 401(k) plans. The CDSC may also be waived for any Class B shares that are purchased by eligible 401(k) or eligible 401(a) plans that are rolled over into a Merrill Lynch or Merrill Lynch Trust Company custodied IRA and held in such account at the time of redemption. The Class B CDSC may be waived for any Class B shares that were acquired and held at the time of the redemption in an Employee AccessSM Account available through employers providing eligible 401(k) plans. The Class B CDSC may also be waived for any Class B shares that are purchased by a Merrill Lynch rollover IRA that was funded by a rollover from a terminated 401(k) plan managed by MLIM Private Investors and held in such account at the time of redemption. The Class B CDSC may also be waived or its terms may be modified in connection with certain fee-based programs. The Class B CDSC may also be waived in connection with involuntary termination of an account in which Fund shares are held or for withdrawals through the Merrill Lynch Systematic Withdrawal Plan. See “Shareholder Services —Fee-Based Programs “and “—Systematic Withdrawal Plans.”

 

Class B shareholders of a Fund exercising the exchange privilege described under “Shareholder Services —Exchange Privilege” will continue to be subject to that Fund’s CDSC schedule if such schedule is higher than the CDSC schedule relating to the Class B shares acquired as a result of the exchange.

 

Class B shares of certain Funds are offered through Blueprint only to members of certain affinity groups with a waiver of the CDSC upon redemption.

 

Employer-Sponsored Retirement or Savings Plans and Certain Other Arrangements. Certain employer-sponsored retirement or savings plans and certain other arrangements may purchase Class B shares with a waiver of the CDSC upon redemption, based on the number of employees or number of employees eligible to participate in the plan, the aggregate amount invested by the plan in specified investments and/or the services provided by Merrill Lynch to the Plan. Such Class B shares will convert into Class A shares approximately ten years after the plan purchases the first share of any Select Pricing Fund. Minimum purchase requirements may be waived or varied for such plans. Additional information regarding purchases by employer-sponsored retirement or savings plans and certain other arrangements is available toll-free from Merrill Lynch Business Financial Services at 1-800-237-7777.

 

Conversion of Class B Shares to Class A Shares. Approximately ten years after purchase (the “Conversion Period”), Class B shares of each Fund will convert automatically into Class A shares of that Fund. The conversion will occur at least once each month (on the “Conversion Date”) on the basis of the relative net asset value of the shares of the two classes on the Conversion Date, without the imposition of any sales load, fee or other charge. Conversion of Class B shares to Class A shares will not be deemed a purchase or sale of the shares for Federal income tax purposes.

 

Shares acquired through reinvestment of dividends on Class B shares will also convert automatically to Class A shares. The Conversion Date for dividend reinvestment shares will be calculated taking into account the length of time the shares underlying the dividend reinvestment shares were outstanding. If, at the Conversion Date, the conversion will result in less than $50 worth of Class B shares being left in an account, all of the Class B shares of the Fund held in the account will be converted into Class A shares of the Fund.

 

In general, Class B shares of equity Select Pricing Funds will convert approximately eight years after initial purchase and Class B shares of taxable and tax-exempt fixed income Select Pricing Funds will convert approximately ten years after initial purchase. If you exchange Class B shares with an eight-year Conversion Period for Class B shares with a ten-year Conversion Period, or vice versa, the Conversion Period applicable to the Class B shares acquired in the exchange will apply and the holding period for the shares exchanged will be tacked on to the holding period for the shares acquired. The Conversion Period also may be modified for investors that participate in certain fee-based programs. See “Shareholder Services – Fee-Based Programs.”

 

If you own shares of a Fund that issues stock certificates, you must deliver any certificates for Class B shares of the Fund to be converted to the Transfer Agent at least one week prior to the Conversion Date applicable to those shares. If the

 

 

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Transfer Agent does not receive the certificates at least one week prior to the Conversion Date, your Class B shares will convert to Class A shares on the next scheduled Conversion Date after the certificates are delivered.

 

Contingent Deferred Sales Charges – Class C Shares

 

Class C shares that are redeemed within one year of purchase may be subject to a 1.00% CDSC charged as a percentage of the dollar amount subject thereto. In determining whether a Class C CDSC is applicable to a redemption, the calculation will be determined in the manner that results in the lowest possible rate being charged. The charge will be assessed on an amount equal to the lesser of the proceeds of redemption or the cost of the shares being redeemed. Accordingly, no Class C CDSC will be imposed on increases in net asset value above the initial purchase price. In addition, no Class C CDSC will be assessed on shares derived from reinvestment of dividends. It will be assumed that the redemption is first of shares held for over one year or shares acquired pursuant to reinvestment of dividends and then of shares held longest during the one-year period. A transfer of shares from a shareholder’s account to another account will be assumed to be made in the same order as a redemption. The Class C CDSC may be waived in connection with involuntary termination of an account in which Fund shares are held, for withdrawals through the Merrill Lynch Systematic Withdrawal Plan, and in connection with the redemption of Class C shares by certain retirement plans. See “Shareholder Services – Systematic Withdrawal Plans.”

 

See Part I Section V “Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses – Class B and Class C Sales Charge Information” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for information about amounts paid to the Distributor in connection with Class B and C shares for the periods indicated.

 

Class R Shares

 

Certain of the Funds offer Class R shares as described in each such Fund’s prospectus. Class R shares are available only to certain retirement plans. Class R shares are not subject to an initial sales charge or a contingent deferred sales charge but are subject to an ongoing distribution fee of 0.25% and an ongoing account maintenance fee of 0.25%. Distribution fees are used to support the Fund’s marketing and distribution efforts, such as compensating Merrill Lynch Financial Advisors and other financial intermediaries, advertising and promotion. Account maintenance fees are used to compensate securities dealers and other financial intermediaries for account maintenance activities. If Class R shares are held over time, these fees may exceed the maximum sales charge that an investor would have paid as a shareholder of one of the other share classes.

 

Closed-End Fund Reinvestment Options

 

Class I shares of each Fund are offered at net asset value to shareholders of certain closed-end funds advised by a Manager who purchased their shares prior to October 21, 1994 (the date the Merrill Lynch Select PricingSM System commenced operations) and wish to reinvest the net proceeds from a sale of such shares in Class I shares, if the conditions set forth below are satisfied. Alternatively, shareholders of closed-end funds who purchased shares on or after October 21, 1994 and wish to reinvest the net proceeds from a sale of those shares may purchase Class I shares (if eligible to buy Class I shares) or Class A shares of each Fund at net asset value if the following conditions are met. First, the sale of closed-end fund shares must be made through Merrill Lynch, and the net proceeds must be immediately reinvested in Class A or Class I shares. Second, the closed-end fund shares must either have been acquired in that fund’s initial public offering or represent dividends paid on shares of common stock acquired in such offering. Third, the closed-end fund shares must have been continuously maintained in a Merrill Lynch securities account. Fourth, there must be a minimum purchase of $250 to be eligible for the reinvestment option.

 

Subject to the conditions set forth below, shares of each Fund are offered at net asset value to shareholders of certain continuously offered closed-end funds advised by a Manager (an “Eligible Fund”) who wish to reinvest the net proceeds from a sale of such shares. Upon exercise of this reinvestment option, shareholders of Merrill Lynch Senior Floating Rate Fund, Inc. will receive Class I shares of a Fund and shareholders of Merrill Lynch Senior Floating Rate Fund II, Inc. will receive Class C shares of a Fund.

 

In order to exercise this reinvestment option, a shareholder of an Eligible Fund must sell his or her shares back to the Eligible Fund in connection with a tender offer conducted by the Eligible Fund and reinvest the proceeds immediately in the designated class of shares of a Fund. This option is available only with respect to shares as to which no Early

 

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Withdrawal Charge (as defined in the Eligible Fund’s prospectus) is applicable. Purchase orders from Eligible Fund shareholders who wish to exercise this reinvestment option will be accepted only on the day that the related tender offer terminates and will be effected at the net asset value of the designated class of shares of a Fund on such day. The Class C CDSC may be waived upon redemption of Class C shares purchased by an investor pursuant to this closed-end fund reinvestment option. This waiver is subject to the requirement that the investor has held the tendered shares for a minimum of one year and to such other conditions as are set forth in the prospectus for the related closed-end fund.

 

Distribution Plans

 

The distribution plan for each of the Class A, Class B, Class C and Class R shares (each, a “Distribution Plan”) provides that the Fund pays the Distributor an account maintenance fee, accrued daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate based on the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to shares of the relevant class. This fee compensates the Distributor, Merrill Lynch, a selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary (pursuant to a sub-agreement) for account maintenance activities with respect to Class A, Class B, Class C and Class R shares.

 

The Distribution Plan for each of the Class B, Class C and Class R shares also provides that the Fund pays the Distributor a distribution fee, accrued daily and paid monthly, at an annual rate based on the average daily net assets of the Fund attributable to the shares of the relevant class. This fee compensates the Distributor, Merrill Lynch, a selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary (pursuant to a sub-agreement) for providing shareholder and distribution services and bearing certain distribution-related expenses of the Fund, including payments to financial advisors or other financial intermediaries for selling Class B, Class C and Class R shares of the Fund.

 

Each Distribution Plan is subject to the provisions of Rule 12b-1 under the Investment Company Act. In their consideration of a Distribution Plan, the Directors must consider all factors they deem relevant, including information as to the benefits of the Distribution Plan to a Fund and the related class of shareholders. In approving each Distribution Plan in accordance with Rule 12b-1, the non-interested Directors of each Fund concluded that there is reasonable likelihood that the Distribution Plan will benefit the Fund and its related class of shareholders.

 

Each Distribution Plan provides that, so long as the Distribution Plan remains in effect, the non-interested Directors then in office will select and nominate other non-interested Directors. Each Distribution Plan can be terminated at any time, without penalty, by the vote of a majority of the non-interested Directors or by the vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding related class of voting securities of a Fund. A Distribution Plan cannot be amended to increase materially the amount to be spent by the Fund without the approval of the related class of shareholders. All material amendments are required to be approved by the vote of Directors, including a majority of the non-interested Directors who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Distribution Plan, cast in person at a meeting called for that purpose. Rule 12b-1 further requires that each Fund preserve copies of each Distribution Plan and any report made pursuant to such plan for a period of not less than six years from the date of the Distribution Plan or such report, the first two years in an easily accessible place.

 

Among other things, each Distribution Plan provides that the Directors will review quarterly reports of the account maintenance and/or distribution fees paid to the Distributor. Payments under the Distribution Plans are based on a percentage of average daily net assets attributable to the shares regardless of the amount of expenses incurred. As a result, distribution-related revenues from the Distribution Plans may be more or less than distribution-related expenses of the related class. Information with respect to the distribution-related revenues and expenses is presented to the Directors for their consideration quarterly. Distribution-related revenues consist of the account maintenance fees, the distribution fees and the CDSCs. Distribution-related expenses consist of financial advisor compensation, branch office and regional operation center selling and transaction processing expenses, advertising, sales promotion and marketing expenses and interest expense. The distribution-related revenues paid with respect to one class will not be used to finance the distribution expenditures of another class. Sales personnel may receive different compensation for selling different classes of shares.

 

See Part I, Section V “Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses” of each Select Pricing Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for information relating to the fees paid by your Fund to the Distributor under each Distribution Plan during its most recent fiscal year.

 

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Limitations on the Payment of Deferred Sales Charges

 

The maximum sales charge rule in the Conduct Rules of the NASD imposes a limitation on certain asset-based sales charges such as the distribution fee borne by Class R shares, and the distribution fee and the CDSC borne by the Class B and Class C shares. This limitation does not apply to the account maintenance fee. The maximum sales charge rule is applied separately to each class and limits the aggregate of distribution fee payments and CDSCs payable by a Fund to (1) 6.25% of eligible gross sales of Class B, Class C and Class R shares, computed separately (excluding shares issued pursuant to dividend reinvestments and exchanges), plus (2) interest on the unpaid balance for the respective class, computed separately, at the prime rate plus 1% (the unpaid balance being the maximum amount payable minus amounts received from the payment of the distribution fee and the CDSC). In connection with the Class B shares, the Distributor has voluntarily agreed to waive interest charges on the unpaid balance in excess of 0.50% of eligible gross sales. Consequently, the maximum amount payable to the Distributor (referred to as the “voluntary maximum”) in connection with the Class B shares is 6.75% of eligible gross sales. The Distributor retains the right to stop waiving the interest charges at any time. To the extent payments would exceed the voluntary maximum, no Fund will make further payments of the distribution fee with respect to Class B shares and any CDSCs will be paid to the Fund rather than to the Distributor; however, each Fund will continue to make payments of the account maintenance fee. In certain circumstances the amount payable pursuant to the voluntary maximum may exceed the amount payable under the NASD formula. In such circumstance payment in excess of the amount payable under the NASD formula will not be made.

 

See Part I, Section V “Information on Sales Charges and Distribution Related Expenses – Limitation on the Payment of Deferred Sales Charges” of each Select Pricing Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for comparative information as of your Fund’s most recent fiscal year end with respect to the Class B, Class C and, if applicable, Class R shares of your Fund.

 

REDEMPTION OF SHARES

 

Each Fund is required to redeem for cash all shares of the Fund upon receipt of a written request in proper form. The redemption price is the net asset value per share next determined after the initial receipt of proper notice of redemption. The value of shares of each Fund at the time of redemption may be more or less than your cost at the time of purchase, depending in part on the market value of the securities held by the Fund at such time. Except for any CDSC that may be applicable, there will be no redemption charge if your redemption request is sent directly to the Transfer Agent. If you are liquidating your holdings you will receive all dividends reinvested through the date of redemption

 

The right to redeem shares may be suspended for more than seven days only (i) for any period during which trading on the NYSE is restricted as determined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) or during which the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings), (ii) for any period during which an emergency exists, as defined by the Commission, as a result of which disposal of portfolio securities or determination of the net asset value of the Fund is not reasonably practicable, and (iii) for such other periods as the Commission may by order permit for the protection of shareholders of the Fund.

 

Each Fund has entered into a joint committed line of credit with other investment companies advised by the Manager and a syndicate of banks that is intended to provide the Fund with a temporary source of cash to be used to meet redemption requests from shareholders in extraordinary or emergency circumstances.

 

Redemption

 

If you hold shares with the Transfer Agent you may redeem without charge by writing to the Fund’s Transfer Agent, Financial Data Services, Inc., P.O. Box 45289, Jacksonville, Florida 32232-5289. Redemption requests delivered other than by mail should be sent to Financial Data Services, Inc., 4800 Deer Lake Drive East, Jacksonville, Florida 32246-6484. If your Fund has issued share certificates, the letter must be accompanied by certificates for the shares. Redemption requests should not be sent to the Fund. A redemption request requires the signature(s) of all persons in whose name(s) the shares are registered, signed exactly as such name(s) appear(s) on the Transfer Agent’s register. The signature(s) on the redemption request may require a guarantee by an “eligible guarantor institution” as defined in Rule 17Ad-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), whose existence and validity may be verified by the Transfer Agent through the use of industry publications. In the event a signature guarantee is required, notarized signatures are not

 

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sufficient. In general, signature guarantees are waived on redemptions of less than $50,000 as long as the following requirements are met: (i) the request contains the signature(s) of all persons in whose name(s) shares are recorded on the Transfer Agent’s register; (ii) the check is mailed to the stencil address of record on the Transfer Agent’s register and (iii) the stencil address has not changed within 30 days. Certain rules may apply regarding certain types of accounts, including but not limited to UGMA/UTMA accounts, Joint Tenancies With Rights of Survivorship, contra broker transactions and institutional accounts. In certain instances, the Transfer Agent may require additional documents such as, but not limited to, trust instruments, death certificates, appointments as executor or administrator, or certificates of corporate authority.

 

You may also redeem shares held with the Transfer Agent by calling 1-800-MER-FUND. You must be the shareholder of record and the request must be for an amount less than $50,000. Before telephone requests will be honored, signature approval from all shareholders of record on the account must be obtained. The shares being redeemed must have been held for at least 15 days. Telephone redemption requests will not be honored if: (i) the accountholder is deceased, (ii) the proceeds are to be sent to someone other than the shareholder of record, (iii) funds are to be wired to the client’s bank account, (iv) a systematic withdrawal plan is in effect, (v) the request is by an individual other than the accountholder of record, (vi) the account is held by joint tenants who are divorced, (vii) the address on the account has changed within the last 30 days or share certificates have been issued on the account, or (viii) to protect against fraud, if the caller is unable to provide the account number, the name and address registered on the account and the social security number registered on the account. The Funds or the Transfer Agent may temporarily suspend telephone transactions at any time.

 

If you redeem shares directly with the Transfer Agent, payments will generally be mailed within seven days of receipt of the proper notice of redemption. A Fund may delay the mailing of a redemption check until good payment (that is, cash, Federal funds or certified check drawn on a U.S. bank) has been collected for the purchase of Fund shares, which will usually not exceed 10 days. If your account is held directly with the Transfer Agent and contains a fractional share balance following a redemption, the fractional share balance will be automatically redeemed by the Fund.

 

Repurchase

 

A Fund normally will accept orders to repurchase shares from Selling Dealers for their customers. Shares will be priced at the net asset value of the Fund next determined after receipt of the repurchase order by a Selling Dealer that has been authorized by the Distributor by contract to accept such orders. As to repurchase orders received by Selling Dealers prior to the close of business on the NYSE (generally, the NYSE closes at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time), on the day the order is placed, which includes orders received after the close of business on the previous day, the repurchase price is the net asset value determined as of the close of business on the NYSE on that day. If the orders for repurchase are not received by the Selling Dealer before the close of business on the NYSE, such orders are deemed received on the next business day.

 

These repurchase arrangements are for your convenience and do not involve a charge by the Fund (other than any applicable CDSC). Securities firms that do not have selected dealer agreements with the Distributor, however, may impose a transaction charge for transmitting the notice of repurchase to the Fund. Each Fund reserves the right to reject any order for repurchase. A shareholder whose order for repurchase is rejected by a Fund, however, may redeem shares as set out above.

 

Reinstatement Privilege — Class A and Class I Shares

 

If you redeemed Class A or Class I shares of a Fund, you may reinstate your account by buying Class A or Class I shares, as the case may be, of the Fund at net asset value without a sales charge up to the dollar amount you redeemed. You may exercise the reinstatement privilege by sending a notice of exercise along with a check for the amount to be reinstated to the Transfer Agent or by contacting your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor within 30 days after the date the redemption request was accepted by the Transfer Agent or the Distributor. The reinstatement will be made at the net asset value per share next determined after the notice of reinstatement is received and cannot exceed the amount of the redemption proceeds.

 

SHAREHOLDER SERVICES

 

Each Fund offers one or more of the shareholder services described below that are designed to facilitate investment in its shares. You can obtain more information about these services from each Fund, by calling the telephone number on the cover page, or from the Distributor, Merrill Lynch, your selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary. Certain of these services are available only to U.S. investors.

 

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Investment Account

 

If your account is maintained at the Transfer Agent (an “Investment Account”) you will receive statements, at least quarterly, from the Transfer Agent. These statements will serve as confirmations for automatic investment purchases and the reinvestment of dividends. The statements also will show any other activity in your Investment Account since the last statement. You also will receive separate confirmations for each purchase or sale transaction other than automatic investment purchases and the reinvestment of dividends. If your Investment Account is held at the Transfer Agent you may make additions to it at any time by mailing a check directly to the Transfer Agent. You may also maintain an account through Merrill Lynch, a selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary. If you transfer shares out of a Merrill Lynch brokerage account or an account maintained with a selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary, an Investment Account in your name may be opened automatically at the Transfer Agent.

 

You may transfer Fund shares from Merrill Lynch, a selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary to another securities dealer or other financial intermediary that has entered into an agreement with the Distributor. Certain shareholder services may not be available for the transferred shares. After the transfer, you may purchase additional shares of Funds owned before the transfer. All future trading of these assets must be coordinated by the new firm. If you wish to transfer your shares to a securities dealer or other financial intermediary that has not entered into an agreement with the Distributor, you must either (i) redeem your shares, paying any applicable CDSC or (ii) continue to maintain an Investment Account at the Transfer Agent for those shares. You also may request that the new securities dealer or other financial intermediary maintain the shares in an account at the Transfer Agent registered in the name of the securities dealer or other financial intermediary for your benefit whether the securities dealer or other financial intermediary has entered into a selected dealer agreement or not.

 

If you are considering transferring a tax-deferred retirement account such as an individual retirement account, from Merrill Lynch to another securities dealer or other financial intermediary, you should be aware that if the new firm will not take delivery of shares of the Fund, you must either redeem the shares (paying any applicable CDSC) so that the cash proceeds can be transferred to the account at the new firm, or you must continue to maintain a retirement account at Merrill Lynch for those shares.

 

Exchange Privilege

 

U.S. shareholders of Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I shares of each Select Pricing Fund have an exchange privilege with certain other Select Pricing Funds and Summit, which is a Merrill Lynch-sponsored money market fund specifically designated for exchange by shareholders of Select Pricing Funds. In order to qualify for the exchange privilege, the shares you wish to exchange are required to have a net asset value of at least $100 and must have been held by you for at least 15 days. Before effecting an exchange, you should obtain a currently effective prospectus of the fund into which you wish to make the exchange. Exercise of the exchange privilege is treated as a sale of the exchanged shares and a purchase of the acquired shares for Federal income tax purposes. Municipal Investment Accumulation does not offer an exchange privilege.

 

Exchanges of Class A and Class I Shares. You may exchange Class A or Class I shares of a Fund for Class I shares of a second Select Pricing Fund if you hold any Class I shares of the second fund in your account at the time of the exchange or are eligible to purchase Class I shares of the second fund; otherwise, you will receive Class A shares of the second fund. Class A shares are exchangeable with shares of the same class of other Select Pricing Funds.

 

Exchanges of Class A or Class I shares outstanding (“outstanding Class A or Class I shares”) for Class A or Class I shares of a second Select Pricing Fund, or for Class A shares of Summit (“new Class A or Class I shares”) are effected on the basis of relative net asset value per Class A or Class I share, respectively, plus an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the sales charge previously paid on the exchanged Class A or Class I shares and the sales charge payable at the time of the exchange on the new Class A or Class I shares. With respect to outstanding Class A or Class I shares received in a previous exchange, the “sales charge previously paid” will include the aggregate of the sales charges paid with respect to such Class A or Class I shares in the initial purchase and any subsequent exchange. Class A or Class I shares issued pursuant to dividend reinvestment are not subject to a sales charge. For purposes of the exchange privilege, however, these shares will be deemed to have been sold with a sales charge equal to the sales charge previously paid on the Class A or Class I shares on which the dividend was paid. Based on this formula, Class A and Class I shares of a Fund generally may

 

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be exchanged into the Class A or Class I shares, respectively, of a second fund with a reduced sales charge or without a sales charge.

 

Exchanges of Class B and Class C Shares. Certain Select Pricing Funds with Class B or Class C shares outstanding (“outstanding Class B or Class C shares “) offer to exchange their Class B or Class C shares for Class B or Class C shares, respectively, of certain other Select Pricing Funds or for Class B shares of Summit (“new Class B or Class C shares “) on the basis of relative net asset value per Class B or Class C share, without the payment of any CDSC that might otherwise be due on the redemption of the outstanding shares. Certain Select Pricing Funds impose different CDSC schedules. If you exchange your Class B shares for shares of a fund with a different CDSC schedule, the higher schedule will apply. For purposes of computing the CDSC that may be payable on a disposition of the new Class B or Class C shares, the holding period for the exchanged Class B or Class C shares is “tacked” to the holding period of the new Class B or Class C shares. The length of the CDSC period of certain equity funds advised by MLIM, FAM or their affiliates (“equity funds”) was extended from four years to six years on June 1, 2001. A shareholder who purchased a Fund’s Class B shares on or after June 1, 2001, and who wishes to exchange those shares for Class B shares of an equity fund will be subject to the equity fund’s six-year CDSC schedule. For example, if you exchange Class B shares of a Fund purchased on or after June 1, 2001 for those of an equity fund after having held the Fund’s Class B shares for two and a half years, the 3.0% CDSC that generally would apply to a redemption would not apply to the exchange. Four years later if you decide to redeem the Class B shares of the equity fund and receive cash, there will be no CDSC due on this redemption, since by “tacking” the two and a half year holding period of the Fund Class B shares to the four-year holding period for the equity fund Class B shares, you will be deemed to have held the equity fund shares for more than six years. If you purchased Class B shares prior to June 1, 2001 and wish to exchange those shares for Class B shares of an equity fund, you will continue to be subject to the four-year CDSC schedule in effect prior to June 1, 2001 and will have your holding period “tacked” to the holding period for the new Class B shares. If you purchased a Fund’s Class B shares prior to December 1, 2002 and wish to exchange those shares for Class B shares of another fixed income fund, you will continue to be subject to the four-year CDSC schedule (one year for Bond Fund – Intermediate Term Portfolio, Municipal Bond – Limited Maturity Portfolio and Municipal Intermediate Term) in effect for fixed income funds prior to December 1, 2002 and your holding period “tacked” to the holding period for the new Class B shares.

 

Exchanges for Shares of a Money Market Fund. You may exchange Class A and Class I shares for Class A shares of Summit and Class B and Class C shares of a Fund for Class B shares of Summit. You may exchange Class A shares of Summit back into Class A or Class I shares of a Fund. You may exchange Class B shares of Summit back into Class B or Class C shares of a Fund and, in the event of such an exchange, the period of time that you held Class B shares of Summit will count toward satisfaction of the holding period requirement for purposes of reducing any CDSC and toward satisfaction of any Conversion Period with respect to Class B shares. Class B shares of Summit will be subject to a distribution fee at an annual rate of 0.75% of average daily net assets of such Class B shares. Please see your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor for further information.

 

Prior to October 12, 1998, exchanges from certain Select Pricing Funds into a money market fund were directed to certain Merrill Lynch-sponsored money market funds other than Summit (“Other Money Funds”). If you exchanged Select Pricing Fund shares for Other Money Funds and subsequently wish to exchange Other Money Fund shares for shares of a Select Pricing Fund (“Acquired Fund”), you will be subject to the CDSC schedule applicable to the Acquired Fund shares, if any. The holding period for Other Money Fund shares will not count toward satisfaction of the holding period requirement for reduction of the CDSC imposed on Acquired Fund shares, if any, and, with respect to Class B shares, toward satisfaction of the Conversion Period. However, the time you held the fund shares originally exchanged for Other Money Fund shares will count towards the holding period of the Class B or C shares of the Acquired Fund for purposes of reducing the CDSC or satisfying the Conversion Period.

 

Exchanges by Participants in Certain Programs. The exchange privilege is modified with respect to certain participants in mutual fund advisory programs and other fee-based programs sponsored by Merrill Lynch. See “Fee-Based Programs” below.

 

Exercise of the Exchange Privilege. To exercise the exchange privilege, you should contact your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor, who will advise each Fund of the exchange. If you own shares of a Fund that has not issued share certificates, you may exercise the exchange privilege by wire through your securities dealer or other financial intermediary. Each Fund reserves the right to require a properly completed exchange application.

 

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You may also request exchanges by calling the Transfer Agent at 1-800-MER-FUND if your account is held with the Transfer Agent for amounts up to $50,000. The request must be from the shareholder of record. Before telephone requests will be honored, signature approval from all shareholders of record must be obtained. The shares being exchanged must have been held for at least 15 days. Telephone requests for an exchange will not be honored if: (i) the accountholder is deceased, (ii) the request is by an individual other than the accountholder of record, (iii) the account is held by joint tenants who are divorced or the address on the account has changed within the last 30 days, or (iv) if the caller is unable to provide the account number, the name and address registered on the account and the social security number registered on the account. Each Fund or the Transfer Agent may temporarily suspend telephone transactions at any time.

 

This exchange privilege may be modified or terminated in accordance with the rules of the Commission. Each Fund reserves the right to limit the number of times an investor may exercise the exchange privilege. Certain Funds may suspend the continuous offering of their shares to the general public at any time and may resume such offering from time to time. The exchange privilege is available only to U.S. shareholders in states where the exchange legally may be made. The exchange privilege may be applicable to other new mutual funds whose shares may be distributed by the Distributor.

 

Fee-Based Programs

 

Certain fee-based programs offered by Merrill Lynch and other financial intermediaries, including pricing alternatives for securities transactions (each referred to in this paragraph as a “Program”), may permit the purchase of Class I shares at net asset value. Under specified circumstances, participants in certain Programs may exchange their shares in the Program for Class I shares. Initial or deferred sales charges otherwise due in connection with such exchanges may be waived or modified, as may the Conversion Period applicable to the deposited shares. Termination of participation in a Program may result in the redemption of shares or the automatic exchange of shares to another class at net asset value. In addition, upon termination of participation in a Program, shares that have been held for less than specified periods within the Program may be subject to a fee based on the current value of such shares. These Programs also generally prohibit such shares from being transferred to another account at Merrill Lynch, to another financial intermediary, to another broker-dealer or to the Transfer Agent. Except in limited circumstances (which may also involve an exchange as described above), such shares must be redeemed and another class of shares purchased (which may involve the imposition of initial or deferred sales charges and distribution and account maintenance fees) in order for the investment not to be subject to Program fees. Additional information regarding a specific Program (including charges and limitations on transferability applicable to shares that may be held in such Program) is available in the Program’s client agreement and from the Transfer Agent at 1-800-MER-FUND.

 

Retirement and Education Savings Plans

 

Individual retirement accounts and other retirement and education savings plans are available from Merrill Lynch. Under these plans, investments may be made in a Fund (other than a Municipal Fund) and certain of the other mutual funds sponsored by Merrill Lynch as well as in other securities. There may be fees associated with investing through these plans. Information with respect to these plans is available on request from Merrill Lynch.

 

Dividends received in each of the plans referred to above are exempt from Federal taxation until distributed from the plans and, in the case of Roth IRAs and education savings plans, may be exempt from taxation when distributed as well. Investors considering participation in any retirement or education savings plan should review specific tax laws relating to the plan and should consult their attorneys or tax advisers with respect to the establishment and maintenance of any such plan.

 

Automatic Investment Plans

 

You may make additions to an Investment Account through a service known as the Automatic Investment Plan. Under the Automatic Investment Plan, a Fund is authorized, on a regular basis, to provide systematic additions to your Investment Account through charges of $50 or more to your regular bank account by either pre-authorized checks or automated clearing house debits. If you buy shares of a Fund through Blueprint, no minimum charge to your bank account is required. Alternatively, if you maintain a CMA® Account you may arrange to have periodic investments made in a Fund in amounts of $100 ($1 or more for retirement accounts) or more through the CMA® Automated Investment Program.

 

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Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan

 

Unless you provide specific instructions as to the method of payment, dividends will be automatically reinvested, without sales charge, in additional full and fractional shares of the same Fund. You may, at any time, elect to have dividends paid in cash, rather than reinvested in shares of a Fund (provided that, if a payment on an account maintained at the Transfer Agent would amount to $10.00 or less, the payment will automatically be reinvested in additional shares). If your account is maintained with the Transfer Agent, you may contact the Transfer Agent in writing or by telephone (1-800-MER-FUND). For other accounts, you should contact your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor, selected securities dealer or other financial intermediary. Your instructions will be effected ten days after the receipt by the Transfer Agent of such notice. A Fund is not responsible for any failure of delivery to the shareholder’s address of record and no interest will accrue on amounts represented by uncashed dividend checks. Cash payments can also be deposited directly in the shareholder’s bank account.

 

Systematic Withdrawal Plans

 

You may elect to receive systematic withdrawals from your Investment Account by check or through automatic payment by direct deposit to your bank account on either a monthly or quarterly basis as provided below. Quarterly withdrawals are available if you have acquired shares of a Fund having a value, based on cost or the current offering price, of $5,000 or more, and monthly withdrawals are available if your shares have a value of $10,000 or more.

 

At the time of each withdrawal payment, sufficient shares are redeemed from your account to provide the withdrawal payment specified by you. You may specify the dollar amount and class of shares to be redeemed. Redemptions will be made at net asset value as determined as of the close of business on the NYSE on the 24th day of each month or the 24th day of the last month of each quarter, whichever is applicable. If the NYSE is not open for business on such date, the shares will be redeemed at the net asset value determined as of the close of business on the NYSE on the following business day. The check for the withdrawal payment will be mailed or the direct deposit will be made, on the next business day following redemption. When you make systematic withdrawals, dividends and distributions on all shares in the Investment Account are reinvested automatically in Fund shares. Your systematic withdrawal plan may be terminated at any time, without charge or penalty, by you, a Fund, the Transfer Agent or the Distributor.

 

The maximum number of Class B or Class C shares that can be redeemed from an Investment Account annually will not exceed 10% of the value of shares of such class in that account at the time the election to join the systematic withdrawal plan was made. Any CDSC that might be due on such redemption of Class B or Class C shares will be waived. Shares redeemed pursuant to a systematic withdrawal plan will be redeemed in the same order as Class B or Class C shares are normally redeemed. See “Purchase of Shares — Deferred Sales Charge Alternatives — Class B and Class C Shares.” Where the systematic withdrawal plan is applied to Class B shares, upon conversion of the last Class B shares in an account to Class A shares, you must make a new election to join the systematic withdrawal program with respect to the Class A shares. If you wish to change the amount being withdrawn in a systematic withdrawal plan, you should contact your Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor.

 

Withdrawal payments should not be considered as dividends. Withdrawals generally are treated as sales of shares and may result in taxable gain or loss. If periodic withdrawals continuously exceed reinvested dividends, the shareholder’s original investment may be reduced correspondingly. Purchases of additional shares concurrent with withdrawals are ordinarily disadvantageous to the shareholder because of sales charges and tax liabilities. A Fund will not knowingly accept purchase orders for shares of a Fund from investors who maintain a systematic withdrawal plan with respect to that Fund unless such purchase is equal to at least one year’s scheduled withdrawals or $1,200, whichever is greater. Periodic investments may not be made into an Investment Account in which the shareholder has elected to make systematic withdrawals.

 

Alternatively, if your shares are held within a CMA® or Retirement Account you may elect to have shares redeemed on a monthly, bimonthly, quarterly, semiannual or annual basis through the CMA® Systematic Redemption Program or the redemption program of the Retirement Account. The minimum fixed dollar amount that is redeemable is $50. The proceeds of systematic redemptions will be posted to your account three business days after the date the shares are redeemed. All redemptions are made at net asset value. You may elect to have your shares redeemed on the first, second, third or fourth Monday of each month, in the case of monthly redemptions, or of every other month, in the case of bimonthly redemptions. For quarterly, semiannual or annual redemptions, you may select the month in which the shares are to be redeemed and may designate whether the redemption is to be made on the first, second, third or fourth Monday of

 

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the month. If the Monday selected is not a business day, the redemption will be processed at net asset value on the next business day. The CMA® Systematic Redemption Program is not available if Fund shares are being purchased within the account pursuant to the Automated Investment Program. For more information on the CMA® Systematic Redemption Program, eligible shareholders should contact their Merrill Lynch Financial Advisor.

 

PRICING OF SHARES

 

Determination of Net Asset Value

 

The net asset value of each class of shares of each Fund is determined once daily Monday through Friday as of the close of business on the NYSE on each day the NYSE is open for trading based on prices at the time of closing. The NYSE generally closes at 4:00 p.m. Eastern time. Any assets or liabilities initially expressed in terms of foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars at the prevailing market rates as quoted by one or more banks or dealers on the day of valuation. The NYSE is not open for trading on New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.

 

Net asset value per share is computed by dividing the value of the securities held by a Fund plus any cash or other assets (including interest and dividends accrued but not yet received) minus all liabilities (including accrued expenses) by the total number of shares outstanding at such time (on a class by class basis), rounded to the nearest cent. Expenses, including the fees payable to the Manager and Distributor, are accrued daily.

 

The principal asset of each Feeder Fund will normally be its interest in an underlying Master Portfolio. The value of that interest is based on the net assets of the Master Portfolio, which are comprised of the value of the securities held by the Master Portfolio plus any cash or other assets (including interest and dividends accrued but not yet received) minus all liabilities (including accrued expenses of the Master Portfolio). Expenses of a Master Portfolio, including the investment advisory fees, are accrued daily. The net asset value of a Feeder Fund is equal to the value of the Feeder Fund’s proportionate interest in the net assets of the Master Portfolio plus any cash or other assets, minus all liabilities (including accrued expenses) of the Feeder Fund. To determine a Feeder Fund’s net asset value per share, the Feeder Fund’s net asset value is divided by the total number of shares outstanding of the Feeder Fund at such time (on a class by class basis), rounded to the nearest cent. Expenses, including fees payable to the Administrator and Distributor, are accrued daily.

 

The per share net asset value of Class A, Class B, Class C and Class R shares generally will be lower than the per share net asset value of Class I shares, reflecting the daily expense accruals of the account maintenance, distribution and higher transfer agency fees applicable with respect to Class B and Class C shares, the daily expense accruals of the account maintenance fees applicable with respect to Class A shares and the daily expense accruals of the account maintenance and distribution fees applicable to Class R shares. Moreover, the per share net asset value of the Class B, Class C and Class R shares generally will be lower than the per share net asset value of Class A shares reflecting the daily expense accruals of the distribution fees and higher transfer agency fees applicable with respect to Class B and Class C shares and the daily expense accruals of the distribution fees applicable to Class R shares of a Fund. In addition, the per share net asset value of Class B and Class C shares generally will be lower than the per share net asset value of Class R shares due to the daily expense accruals of the distribution fees and higher transfer agency fees applicable to Class B and Class C shares. It is expected, however, that the per share net asset value of all classes of a Fund will tend to converge (although not necessarily meet) immediately after the payment of dividends, which will differ by approximately the amount of the expense accrual differentials among the classes.

 

Securities that are held by a Fund that are traded on stock exchanges or NASDAQ National are valued at the last sale price or official close price on the exchange on which such securities are traded, as of the close of business on the day the securities are being valued or, lacking any sales, at the last available bid price for long positions, and at the last available ask price for short positions. In cases where securities are traded on more than one exchange, the securities are valued on the exchange designated as the primary market by or under the authority of the Board of each Fund. Long positions in securities traded in the OTC market, NASDAQ Small Cap or Bulletin Board are valued at the last available bid price or yield equivalent obtained from one or more dealers or pricing services approved by the Board of a Fund. Short positions in securities traded in the OTC market are valued at the last available ask price. Portfolio securities that are traded both in the OTC market and on a stock exchange are valued according to the broadest and most representative market. When a Fund writes an option, the amount of the premium received is recorded on the books of the Fund as an asset and an equivalent liability. The amount of the liability is subsequently valued to reflect the current market value of the option written, based

 

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on the last sale price in the case of exchange-traded options or, in the case of options traded in the OTC market, the last ask price. Options purchased by a Fund are valued at their last sale price in the case of exchange-traded options or, in the case of options traded in the OTC market, the last bid price. The value of swaps, including interest rate swaps, caps and floors, will be determined by obtaining dealer quotations. Other investments, including futures contracts and related options, are stated at market value. Obligations with remaining maturities of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost unless the Manager believes that this method no longer produces fair valuations. Repurchase agreements will be valued at cost plus accrued interest. Each Fund employs certain pricing services to provide securities prices for the Fund. Securities and assets for which market quotations are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Directors of a Fund, including valuations furnished by the pricing services retained by the Fund, which may use a matrix system for valuations. The procedures of a pricing service and its valuations are reviewed by the officers of a Fund under the general supervision of the Directors. Such valuations and procedures will be reviewed periodically by the Directors.

 

The Municipal Bonds and other portfolio securities in which the Municipal Funds invest are traded primarily in over-the-counter (“OTC”) municipal bond and money markets and are valued at the last available bid price for long positions and at the last available ask price for short positions in the OTC market or on the basis of yield equivalents as obtained from one or more dealers or pricing services approved by the Directors. One bond is the “yield equivalent” of another bond when, taking into account market price, maturity, coupon rate, credit rating and ultimate return of principal, both bonds will theoretically produce an equivalent return to the bondholder. Financial futures contracts and options thereon, which are traded on exchanges, are valued at their settlement prices as of the close of such exchanges. Short-term investments with a remaining maturity of 60 days or less are valued on an amortized cost basis, which approximates market value, unless the Manager believes that this method no longer produces fair valuations. Repurchase agreements will be valued at cost plus accrued interest. Securities and assets for which market quotations are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of the Directors, including valuations furnished by a pricing service retained by the Municipal Funds, which may use a matrix system for valuations. The procedures of the pricing service and its valuations are reviewed by the officers of the Funds under the general supervision of the Directors.

 

Generally, trading in foreign securities, as well as U.S. Government securities and money market instruments, is substantially completed each day at various times prior to the close of business on the NYSE. The values of such securities used in computing the net asset value of a Fund’s shares are determined as of such times. Foreign currency exchange rates also are generally determined prior to the close of business on the NYSE. Occasionally, events affecting the values of such securities and such exchange rates may occur between the times at which they are determined and the close of business on the NYSE that may not be reflected in the computation of a Fund’s net asset value. If events (e.g., a company announcement, market volatility or a natural disaster) occur during such periods that are expected to materially affect the value of such securities, those securities may be valued at their fair value as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors or by the Manager using a pricing service and/or procedures approved by the Board of Directors.

 

For Funds organized in a master-feeder structure, each investor in a Master Portfolio may add to or reduce its investment in the Master Portfolio on each day the NYSE is open for trading. The value of each investor’s (including a Feeder Fund’s) interest in a Master Portfolio will be determined after the close of business on the NYSE by multiplying the net asset value of the Master Portfolio by the percentage, effective for that day, that represents that investor’s share of the aggregate interests in the Master Portfolio. Any additions or withdrawals to be effected on that day will then be effected. The investor’s percentage of the aggregate beneficial interests in a Master Portfolio will then be recomputed as the percentage equal to the fraction (i) the numerator of which is the value of such investor’s investment in the Master Portfolio as of the time of determination on such day plus or minus, as the case may be, the amount of any additions to or withdrawals from the investor’s investment in the Master Portfolio effected on such day, and (ii) the denominator of which is the aggregate net asset value of the Master Portfolio as of such time on such day plus or minus, as the case may be, the amount of the net additions to or withdrawals from the aggregate investments in the Master Portfolio by all investors in the Master Portfolio. The percentage so determined will then be applied to determine the value of the investor’s interest in a Master Portfolio after the close of business of the NYSE or the next determination of net asset value of the Master Portfolio.

 

Computation of Offering Price Per Share

 

See Part I, Section VI “Computation of Offering Price” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for an illustration of the computation of the offering price for Class A, Class B, Class C, Class I and, if applicable, Class R shares of your Select Pricing Fund or for shares of Municipal Investment Accumulation.

 

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PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE

 

Subject to policies established by the Board of each Fund, the Manager is primarily responsible for the execution of a Fund’s portfolio transactions and the allocation of brokerage. The Manager does not execute transactions through any particular broker or dealer, but seeks to obtain the best net results for the Fund, taking into account such factors as price (including the applicable brokerage commission or dealer spread), size of order, difficulty of execution, operational facilities of the firm and the firm’s risk and skill in positioning blocks of securities. While the Manager generally seeks reasonable trade execution costs, a Fund does not necessarily pay the lowest spread or commission available. Subject to applicable legal requirements, the Manager may select a broker based partly upon brokerage or research services provided to the Manager and its clients, including a Fund. In return for such services the Manager may cause a Fund to pay a higher commission than other brokers would charge if the Manager determines in good faith that the commission is reasonable in relation to the services provided.

 

In the case of Feeder Funds, because each Feeder Fund will invest exclusively in beneficial interests in a Master Portfolio, it is expected that all transactions in portfolio securities will be entered into by the Master Portfolio.

 

Section 28(e) of the Exchange Act (“Section 28(e)”) permits a manager, under certain circumstances, to cause an account to pay a broker a commission for effecting a transaction that exceeds the amount another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting the same transaction in recognition of the value of brokerage and research services provided by that broker or dealer. This includes commissions paid on riskless principal transactions under certain conditions. Brokerage and research services include (1) furnishing advice as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in, purchasing or selling securities, and the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of securities; (2) furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy, and the performance of accounts; and (3) effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental to securities transactions (such as clearance, settlement, and custody). The Manager believes that access to independent investment research is beneficial to its investment decision-making processes and, therefore, to a Fund.

 

To the extent research services may be a factor in selecting brokers, such services may be in written form or through direct contact with individuals and may include information as to particular companies and securities as well as market, economic, or institutional areas and information that assists in the valuation of investments. Examples of research-oriented services for which the Manager might use Fund commissions include research reports and other information on the economy, industries, groups of securities, individual companies, statistical information, political developments, technical market action, pricing and appraisal services, credit analysis, risk measurement analysis, performance and other analysis. Except as noted immediately below, research services furnished by brokers may be used in servicing some or all client accounts and not all services may be used in connection with the account that paid commissions to the broker providing such services. In some cases, research information received from brokers by mutual fund management personnel or personnel principally responsible for the Manager’s individually managed portfolios is not necessarily shared by and between such personnel. Any investment advisory or other fees paid by a Fund to the Manager are not reduced as a result of the Manager’s receipt of research services.

 

In some cases the Manager may receive a service from a broker that has both a “research” and a “non-research” use. When this occurs the Manager makes a good faith allocation, under all the circumstances, between the research and non-research uses of the service. The percentage of the service that is used for research purposes may be paid for with client commissions, while the Manager will use its own funds to pay for the percentage of the service that is used for non-research purposes. In making this good faith allocation, the Manager faces a potential conflict of interest, but the Manager believes that its allocation procedures are reasonably designed to ensure that it appropriately allocates the anticipated use of such services to their research and non-research uses.

 

From time to time, a Fund may purchase new issues of securities in a fixed price offering. In these situations, the broker may be a member of the selling group that will, in addition to selling securities, provide the Manager with research services. The NASD has adopted rules expressly permitting these types of arrangements under certain circumstances. Generally, the broker will provide research “credits” in these situations at a rate that is higher than that which is available for typical secondary market transactions. These arrangements may not fall within the safe harbor of Section 28(e).

 

The Manager does not consider sales of shares of the mutual funds it advises as a factor in the selection of brokers or dealers to execute portfolio transactions for a Fund; however, whether or not a particular broker or dealer sells shares of the mutual funds advised by the Manager neither qualifies nor disqualifies such broker or dealer to execute transactions for those mutual funds.

 

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Each Fund anticipates that any brokerage transactions involving foreign securities generally will be conducted primarily on the principal stock exchanges of the applicable country. Foreign equity securities may be held by a Fund in the form of Depositary Receipts, or other securities convertible into foreign equity securities. Depositary Receipts may be listed on stock exchanges, or traded in over-the-counter markets in the United States or Europe, as the case may be. American Depositary Receipts, like other securities traded in the United States, will be subject to negotiated commission rates. Because the shares of each Fund are redeemable on a daily basis in U.S. dollars, each Fund intends to manage its portfolio so as to give reasonable assurance that it will be able to obtain U.S. dollars to the extent necessary to meet anticipated redemptions. Under present conditions, it is not believed that these considerations will have significant effect on its portfolio strategies.

 

See Part I Section VII “Portfolio and Brokerage Transactions” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for information about the brokerage commissions paid by your Fund, including commissions paid to Merrill Lynch, if any, for the periods indicated.

 

Each Fund invests primarily in securities traded in the OTC market and intends to deal directly with the dealers who make a market in the particular securities, except in those circumstances in which better prices and execution are available elsewhere. Under the Investment Company Act, persons affiliated with a Fund and persons who are affiliated with such affiliated persons are prohibited from dealing with the Fund as principal in the purchase and sale of securities unless a permissive order allowing such transactions is obtained from the Commission. Since transactions in the OTC market usually involve transactions with the dealers acting as principal for their own accounts, the Funds will not deal with affiliated persons, including Merrill Lynch and its affiliates, in connection with such transactions. However, an affiliated person of a Fund may serve as its broker in OTC transactions conducted on an agency basis provided that, among other things, the fee or commission received by such affiliated broker is reasonable and fair compared to the fee or commission received by non-affiliated brokers in connection with comparable transactions. In addition, a Fund may not purchase securities during the existence of any underwriting syndicate for such securities of which Merrill Lynch is a member or in a private placement in which Merrill Lynch serves as placement agent except pursuant to procedures approved by the Board of the Fund that either comply with rules adopted by the Commission or with interpretations of the Commission staff.

 

The Municipal Funds recently received an exemptive order under which they may purchase investment grade Municipal Bonds through group orders from an underwriting syndicate of which Merrill Lynch is a member subject to conditions set forth in such order (the “Group Order Exemptive Order”). A group order is an order for securities held in an underwriting syndicate for the account of all members of the syndicate, and in proportion to their respective participation in the syndicate. Under another exemptive order, the Municipal Funds may effect principal transactions with Merrill Lynch in high quality, short-term, tax-exempt securities subject to conditions set forth in such order. Please see Part I, Section VII “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for information regarding transactions executed by your Fund pursuant to these exemptive orders.

 

The Funds may not purchase securities, including Municipal Bonds, during the existence of any underwriting syndicate of which Merrill Lynch is a member or in a private placement in which Merrill Lynch serves as placement agent except pursuant to procedures approved by the Directors that either comply with rules adopted by the Commission or with interpretations of the Commission staff or pursuant to the Group Order Exemptive Order. Rule 10f-3 under the Investment Company Act and the Group Order Exemptive Order set forth conditions under which a Fund may purchase Municipal Bonds from an underwriting syndicate of which Merrill Lynch is a member. The rule and the Group Order Exemptive Order set forth requirements relating to, among other things, the terms of an issue of Municipal Bonds purchased by a Fund, the amount of Municipal Bonds that may be purchased in any one issue and the assets of the Fund that may be invested in a particular issue.

 

Each Fund has received an exemptive order from the Commission permitting it to lend portfolio securities to Merrill Lynch or its affiliates. Pursuant to that order, each Fund also has retained or may retain an affiliated entity of the Manager as the securities lending agent (the “lending agent”) for a fee, including a fee based on a share of the returns on investment of cash collateral. At present, the Municipal Funds do not intend to engage in securities lending transactions. Please see Part I, Section VII “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for information on the securities lending fees paid to the lending agent by your Fund. In connection with securities lending activities, the

 

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lending agent may, on behalf of a Fund, invest cash collateral received by the Fund for such loans, among other things, in a private investment company managed by the lending agent or in registered money market funds advised by the Manager or its affiliates, or in a private investment company managed by the lending agent. If a Fund acquires shares in either the private investment company or an affiliated money market fund, shareholders would bear both their proportionate share of the Fund’s expenses, and indirectly, the expense of such other entities. However, in accordance with the exemptive order, the manager to the private investment company will not charge any advisory fees with respect to shares purchased by a Fund. Such shares also will not be subject to a sales load, redemption fee, distribution fee or service fee, or in the case of the shares of an affiliated money market fund, the payment of any such sales load, redemption fee, distribution fee or service fee will be offset by the Manager’s waiver of a portion of its advisory fee.

 

Section 11(a) of the Exchange Act generally prohibits members of the U.S. national securities exchanges from executing exchange transactions for their affiliates and institutional accounts that they manage unless the member (i) has obtained prior express authorization from the account to effect such transactions, (ii) at least annually furnishes the account with a statement setting forth the aggregate compensation received by the member in effecting such transactions, and (iii) complies with any rules the Commission has prescribed with respect to the requirements of clauses (i) and (ii). To the extent Section 11(a) would apply to Merrill Lynch acting as a broker for a Fund in any of its portfolio transactions executed on any securities exchange of which it is a member, appropriate consents have been obtained from each Fund and annual statements as to aggregate compensation will be provided to each Fund.

 

The Board of each Fund has considered the possibility of seeking to recapture for the benefit of the Fund brokerage commissions and other expenses of possible portfolio transactions by conducting portfolio transactions through affiliated entities. For example, brokerage commissions received by affiliated brokers could be offset against the advisory fee paid by each Fund to a Manager. After considering all factors deemed relevant, the Board of each Fund made a determination not to seek such recapture. The Board of each Fund will reconsider this matter from time to time.

 

Because of different objectives or other factors, a particular security may be bought for one or more funds or clients advised by the Manager or its affiliates (collectively, “clients”) when one or more clients of the Manager or its affiliates are selling the same security. If purchases or sales of securities arise for consideration at or about the same time that would involve a Fund or other clients or funds for which the Manager or an affiliate act as investment manager, transactions in such securities will be made, insofar as feasible, for the respective funds and clients in a manner deemed equitable to all. To the extent that transactions on behalf of more than one client of the Manager or its affiliates during the same period may increase the demand for securities being purchased or the supply of securities being sold, there may be an adverse effect on price.

 

Portfolio Turnover

 

While a Fund generally does not expect to engage in trading for short term gains, it will effect portfolio transactions without regard to holding period if, in Fund management’s judgment, such transactions are advisable in light of a change in circumstances of a particular company or within a particular industry or in general market, economic or financial conditions. The portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the lesser of a Fund’s annual sales or purchases of portfolio securities (exclusive of purchases or sales of U.S. government securities and all other securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less) by the monthly average value of the securities in the portfolio during the year. A high rate of portfolio turnover results in certain tax consequences, such as increased capital gain dividends and/or ordinary income dividends and in correspondingly greater transaction costs in the form of dealer spreads and brokerage commissions, which are borne directly by a Fund.

 

DIVIDENDS AND TAXES

 

Dividends

 

Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income, if any. Dividends from such net investment income are paid as set forth in each Fund’s prospectus. Each Fund will also distribute all net realized capital gains, if any, to its shareholders at least annually. From time to time, a Fund may declare a special distribution at or about the end of the calendar year in order to comply with Federal tax requirements that certain percentages of its ordinary income and capital gains be distributed during the year. If in any fiscal year, a Fund has net income from certain foreign currency transactions, such income will be distributed at least annually.

 

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For information concerning the manner in which dividends may be reinvested automatically in shares of each Fund, see “Shareholder Services — Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan.” Shareholders may also elect in writing to receive any such dividends in cash. Dividends are taxable to shareholders, as discussed below, whether they are reinvested in shares of the Fund or received in cash. The per share dividends on Class A, Class B, Class C and Class R shares will be lower than the per share dividends on Class I shares as a result of the account maintenance, distribution and higher transfer agency fees applicable to Class B and Class C shares, the account maintenance fees applicable to Class A shares, and the account maintenance and distribution fees applicable to Class R shares. Similarly, the per share dividends on Class B, Class C and Class R shares will be lower than the per share dividends on Class A shares as a result of the distribution fees and higher transfer agency fees applicable to Class B and Class C shares and the distribution fees applicable to Class R shares, and the per share dividends on Class B and Class C shares will be lower than the per share dividends on Class R shares as a result of the distribution fees and higher transfer agency fees applicable to Class B and Class C shares.

 

Taxes

 

Each Fund intends to qualify, or continue to qualify, for the special tax treatment afforded to regulated investment companies (“RICs”) under the Code. As long as a Fund so qualifies, the Fund (but not its shareholders) will not be subject to Federal income tax on the part of its net ordinary income and net realized capital gains that it distributes to Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I shareholders (together, the “shareholders”). Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all of such income and gains.

 

If, in any taxable year, a Fund fails to qualify as a RIC under the Code, such Fund would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and all distributions from earnings and profits to its shareholders would be taxable as ordinary income.

 

For Funds that are series of a series fund, each series is treated as a separate corporation for Federal income tax purposes. Each series, therefore, is considered to be a separate entity in determining its treatment under the rules for RICS described in each Fund’s Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information. Losses in one series of a Fund do not offset gains in another series of such Fund, and the requirements (other than certain organizational requirements) for qualifying for status as a RIC are determined separately at the level of each individual series.

 

The Code requires a RIC to pay a nondeductible 4% excise tax to the extent the RIC does not distribute, during each calendar year, 98% of its ordinary income, determined on a calendar year basis, and 98% of its capital gains, determined, in general on an October 31 year end, plus certain undistributed amounts from the previous years. While each Fund intends to distribute its income and capital gains in the manner necessary to avoid imposition of the 4% excise tax, there can be no assurance that sufficient amounts of a Fund’s taxable income and capital gains will be distributed to achieve this objective. In such event, a Fund will be liable for the tax only on the amount by which it does not meet the foregoing distribution requirements. Because the required distributions are based on the taxable income of a RIC, the excise tax generally will not apply to the tax-exempt income of the Municipal Funds.

 

Dividends paid by a Fund from its ordinary income or from an excess of net short term capital gains over net long term capital losses (together referred to as “ordinary income dividends”) are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. Distributions made from an excess of net long term capital gains over net short term capital losses (including gains or losses from certain transactions in futures and options) (“capital gain dividends”) are taxable to shareholders as long term capital gains, regardless of the length of time the shareholder has owned Fund shares. Any loss upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares held for six months or less will be treated as long term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends received by the shareholder. Distributions in excess of a Fund’s earnings and profits will first reduce the adjusted tax basis of a shareholder’s shares and, after such adjusted tax basis is reduced to zero, will constitute capital gains to such shareholder (assuming the shares are held as a capital asset). Long term capital gains (i.e. gains, from a sale or exchange of capital assets held for more than one year) are generally taxed at preferential rates to non-corporate taxpayers. Generally not later than 60 days after the close of its taxable year, each Fund will provide its shareholders with a written notice designating the amount of any capital gain dividends or exempt interest dividends, as applicable, as well as certain other types of income as noted below.

 

Ordinary income and capital gain dividends are taxable to shareholders even if they are reinvested in additional shares of a Fund. Distributions by a Fund, whether from ordinary income or capital gains, generally will not be eligible for the

 

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dividends received deduction. If a Fund pays a dividend in January that was declared in the previous October, November or December to shareholders of record on a specified date in one of such months, then such dividend will be treated for tax purposes as being paid by the Fund and received by its shareholders on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.

 

No gain or loss will be recognized by Class B shareholders on the conversion of their Class B shares into Class A shares. A shareholder’s basis in the Class A shares acquired upon conversion will be the same as the shareholder’s basis in the converted Class B shares, and the holding period of the acquired Class A shares will include the holding period for the converted Class B shares.

 

If a shareholder exercises an exchange privilege within 90 days of acquiring the shares of a Fund, then the loss that the shareholder recognizes on the exchange will be reduced (or the gain increased) to the extent any sales charge paid on the exchanged shares reduces any sales charge the shareholder would have owed upon the purchase of the new shares in the absence of the exchange privilege. Instead, such sales charge will be treated as an amount paid for the new shares.

 

A loss realized on a sale or exchange of shares of a Fund will be disallowed if such shares are acquired (whether through the automatic reinvestment of dividends or otherwise) within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the date on which the shares are disposed of. In such case, the basis of the shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.

 

A Fund may invest in zero coupon U.S. Treasury bonds and other debt securities that are issued at a discount or provide for deferred interest. Even though a Fund receives no actual interest payments on these securities, it will be deemed to receive income equal, generally, to a portion of the excess of the face value of the securities over their issue price (“original issue discount”) each year that the securities are held. Since the original issue discount income earned by a Fund in a taxable year may not be represented by cash income, it may have to dispose of securities, which it might otherwise have continued to hold, or borrow to generate cash in order to satisfy its distribution requirements. In addition, a Fund’s investment in foreign currencies or foreign currency denominated or referenced debt securities, certain asset-backed securities and contingent payment and inflation-indexed debt instruments also may increase or accelerate the Fund’s recognition of income, including the recognition of taxable income in excess of cash generated by such investments.

 

Ordinary income dividends paid to shareholders who are non-resident aliens or foreign entities will be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax under existing provisions of the Code applicable to foreign individuals and entities unless a reduced rate of withholding is provided under applicable treaty law. Nonresident shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors concerning the applicability of the United States withholding tax.

 

Under certain provisions of the Code, some shareholders may be subject to a withholding tax on ordinary income dividends, capital gain dividends and redemption payments (“backup withholding”). Generally, shareholders subject to backup withholding will be those for whom no certified taxpayer identification number is on file with the Fund or who, to the Fund’s knowledge, have furnished an incorrect number. When establishing an account, an investor must certify under penalty of perjury that such number is correct and that such investor is not otherwise subject to backup withholding.

 

Dividends and interest received by a Fund may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain foreign countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes.

 

Shareholders of certain Funds that invest more than 50% of the value of their assets at the close of a taxable year in foreign securities may be able to claim U.S. foreign tax credits with respect to such foreign taxes paid by such Funds, subject to certain requirements and limitations contained in the Code. For example, certain retirement accounts and tax-exempt organizations cannot claim foreign tax credits on investments in foreign securities held in a Fund. In addition, a foreign tax credit may be claimed with respect to withholding tax on a dividend only if the shareholder meets certain holding period requirements. A Fund also must meet these holding period requirements, and if a Fund fails to do so, it will not be able to “pass through” to shareholders the ability to claim a credit or a deduction for the related foreign taxes paid by the Fund. If a Fund satisfies the applicable requirements, such Fund will be eligible to file an election with the Internal Revenue Service pursuant to which shareholders of the Fund will be required to include their proportionate shares of such foreign taxes in their U.S. income tax returns as gross income, treat such proportionate shares as taxes paid by them, and deduct such proportionate shares in computing their taxable incomes or, alternatively, use them as foreign tax credits against their U.S. Federal income taxes. No deductions for foreign taxes, however, may be claimed by noncorporate shareholders who do not

 

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itemize deductions. A shareholder that is a nonresident alien individual or a foreign corporation may be subject to U.S. withholding tax on the income resulting from a Fund’s election described in this paragraph but may not be able to claim a credit or deduction against such U.S. Federal withholding tax for the foreign taxes treated as having been paid by such shareholder. A Fund will report annually to its shareholders the amount per share of such foreign taxes and other information needed to claim the foreign tax credit. For this purpose, a Fund will allocate foreign source income among the Class A, Class B, Class C, Class I and Class R shareholders according to a method (which it believes is consistent with the rule permitting the issuance and sale of multiple classes of stock) that is based on the gross income allocable to Class A, Class B, Class C, Class I and Class R shareholders during the taxable year, or such other method as the Internal Revenue Service may prescribe.

 

The transactions of certain Funds are subject to special tax rules of the Code that may, among other things, (a) affect the character of gains and losses realized (with capital gains generally subject to tax at lower rates than ordinary income), (b) disallow, suspend or otherwise limit the allowance of certain losses or deductions, and (c) accelerate the recognition of income without a corresponding receipt of cash (with which to make the necessary distributions to satisfy distribution requirements applicable to RICs). Operation of these rules could, therefore, affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. Special tax rules also may require a Fund to mark to market certain types of positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as sold on the last day of the taxable year), and may result in the recognition of income without a corresponding receipt of cash. Funds engaging in transactions affected by these provisions intend to monitor their transactions, make appropriate tax elections and make appropriate entries in their books and records to lessen the effect of these tax rules and avoid any possible disqualification for the special treatment afforded RIC’s under the Code.

 

If a Fund purchases shares of an investment company (or similar investment entity) organized under foreign law, the Fund will generally be treated as owning shares in a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. A Fund may be subject to U.S. Federal income tax, and an interest charge (at the rate applicable to tax underpayments) on tax liability treated as having been deferred with respect to certain distributions from such a company and on gain from the disposition of the shares of such a company (collectively referred to as “excess distributions”), even if such excess distributions are paid by the Fund as a dividend to its shareholders. A Fund may be eligible to make an election with respect to certain PFICs in which it owns shares that will allow it to avoid the taxes on excess distributions. However, such election may cause a Fund to recognize income in a particular year in excess of the distributions received from such PFICs. Alternatively, a Fund could elect to “mark to market” at the end of each taxable year all shares that it holds in PFICs. If it made this election, a Fund would recognize as ordinary income any increase in the value of such shares as of the close of the taxable year over their adjusted basis and as ordinary loss any decrease in such value but only to the extent of previously recognized “mark-to-market” gains. By making the mark-to-market election, a Fund could avoid imposition of the interest charge with respect to excess distributions from PFICs, but in any particular year might be required to recognize income in excess of the distributions it received from PFICs.

 

Municipal Funds

 

Each Municipal Fund intends to qualify to pay “exempt-interest dividends” as defined in Section 852(b)(5) of the Code. Under such section if, at the close of each quarter of a Fund ‘s taxable year, at least 50% of the value of the Fund ‘s total assets consists of obligations exempt from Federal income tax (“tax-exempt obligations”) under Section 103(a) of the Code (relating generally to obligations of a state or local governmental unit), the Fund shall be qualified to pay exempt-interest dividends to its Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I shareholders (together the “shareholders”). Exempt-interest dividends are dividends or any part thereof paid by a Fund that are attributable to interest on tax-exempt obligations and designated by the Fund as exempt-interest dividends in a written notice mailed to the Fund ‘s shareholders within 60 days after the close of the Fund ‘s taxable year. A Fund will allocate interest from tax-exempt obligations (as well as ordinary income, capital gains and tax preference items discussed below) among the Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I shareholders according to a method (which it believes is consistent with the Commission rule permitting the issuance and sale of multiple classes of shares) that is based upon the gross income that is allocable to the Class A, Class B, Class C and Class I shareholders during the taxable year, or such other method as the Internal Revenue Service may prescribe.

 

Exempt-interest dividends will be excludable from a shareholder’s gross income for Federal income tax purposes. Exempt-interest dividends are included, however, in determining the portion, if any, of a person’s social security and railroad retirement benefits subject to Federal income taxes. Interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry shares of a RIC paying exempt-interest dividends, such as the Fund, will not be deductible by the investor for Federal income tax purposes to the extent attributable to exempt-interest dividends. Shareholders are advised to consult their tax

 

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advisers with respect to whether exempt-interest dividends retain the exclusion under Code Section 103(a) if a shareholder would be treated as a “substantial user” or “related person” under Code Section 147(a) with respect to property financed with the proceeds of an issue of “IDBs” or “PABs,” if any, held by a Fund.

 

All or a portion of a Fund ‘s gains from the sale or redemption of tax-exempt obligations purchased at a market discount will be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain. This rule may increase the amount of ordinary income dividends received by shareholders. Distributions in excess of a Fund ‘s earnings and profits will first reduce the adjusted tax basis of a holder ‘s shares and, after such adjusted tax basis is reduced to zero, will constitute capital gains to such holder (assuming the shares are held as a capital asset). Any loss upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares held for six months or less will be disallowed to the extent of any exempt-interest dividends received by the shareholder. In addition, any such loss that is not disallowed under the rule stated above will be treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gain dividends received by the shareholder.

 

The Code subjects interest received on certain otherwise tax-exempt securities to a Federal alternative minimum tax. The alternative minimum tax applies to interest received on certain “PABs” issued after August 7, 1986. PABs are bonds which, although tax-exempt, are used for purposes other than those generally performed by governmental units and which benefit non-governmental entities (e.g., bonds used for industrial development or housing purposes). Income received on such bonds is classified as an item of “tax preference,” which could subject certain investors in such bonds, including shareholders of a Fund, to a Federal alternative minimum tax. A Fund will purchase such “PABs” and will report to shareholders within 60 days after calendar year-end the portion of the Fund ‘s dividends declared during the year which constitute an item of tax preference for alternative minimum tax purposes. The Code further provides that corporations are subject to a Federal alternative minimum tax based, in part, on certain differences between taxable income as adjusted for other tax preferences and the corporation’s “adjusted current earnings,” which more closely reflect a corporation ‘s economic income. Because an exempt-interest dividend paid by a Fund will be included in adjusted current earnings, a corporate shareholder may be required to pay alternative minimum tax on exempt-interest dividends paid by the Fund.

 

Each Municipal Fund may engage in interest rate swaps. The Federal income tax rules governing the taxation of interest rate swaps are not entirely clear and may require a Fund to treat payments received under such arrangements as ordinary income and to amortize payments made under certain circumstances. Additionally, because the treatment of swaps under the RIC qualification rules is not clear, each Fund will monitor its activity in this regard in order to maintain its qualification as a RIC. Because payments received by a Fund in connection with swap transactions will be taxable rather than tax-exempt, they may result in increased taxable distributions to shareholders.

 

Please see Part I of your Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for certain state tax information relevant to an investment in California Insured, Florida Municipal Bond, New Jersey Municipal Bond, New York Municipal Bond and Pennsylvania Municipal Bond, as well as information on economic conditions within each applicable state.

 

The foregoing is a general and abbreviated summary of the applicable provisions of the Code and Treasury regulations presently in effect. For the complete provisions, reference should be made to the pertinent Code sections and the Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder. The Code and the Treasury regulations are subject to change by legislative, judicial or administrative action either prospectively or retroactively.

 

Ordinary income and capital gain dividends may also be subject to state and local taxes.

 

Certain states exempt from state income taxation dividends paid by RICs that are derived from interest on U.S. Government obligations. State law varies as to whether dividend income attributable to U.S. Government obligations is exempt from state income tax.

 

Shareholders of each Fund are urged to consult their tax advisers regarding specific questions as to Federal, foreign, state or local taxes with respect to their Fund. Foreign investors should consider applicable foreign taxes in their evaluation of an investment in a Fund.

 

In the case of a Feeder Fund, such Fund is entitled to look to the underlying assets of the Master Portfolio in which it has invested for purposes of satisfying various qualification requirements of the Code applicable to RICs. Each Master Portfolio is classified as a partnership for tax purposes. If applicable tax provisions were to change, then the Board of a Feeder Fund will determine, in its discretion, the appropriate course of action for the Feeder Fund. One possible course of

 

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action would be to withdraw the Feeder Fund’s investments from the Master Portfolio and to retain an investment manager to manage the Feeder Fund’s assets in accordance with the investment policies applicable to the Feeder Fund.

 

PERFORMANCE DATA

 

From time to time a Fund may include its average annual total return and other total return data, and if applicable, yield and tax-equivalent yield in advertisements or information furnished to present or prospective shareholders. Total return, yield and tax-equivalent yield each is based on a Fund’s historical performance and is not intended to indicate future performance. Average annual total return, yield and tax-equivalent yield each is determined separately for Class A, Class B, Class C, Class I and Class R shares in accordance with a formula specified by the Commission.

 

Quotations of average annual total return, before tax, for the specified periods are computed by finding the average annual compounded rates of return (based on net investment income and any realized and unrealized capital gains or losses on portfolio investments over such periods) that would equate the initial amount invested to the redeemable value of such investment at the end of each period. Average annual total return before taxes is computed assuming all dividends are reinvested and taking into account all applicable recurring and nonrecurring expenses, including the maximum sales charge in the case of Class A and Class I shares and the CDSC that would be applicable to a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the specified period in the case of Class B and Class C shares but does not take into account taxes payable on dividends or on redemption.

 

Quotations of average annual total return, after taxes, on dividends for the specified periods are computed by finding the average annual compounded rates of return that would equate the initial amount invested to the ending value of such investment at the end of each period assuming payment of taxes on dividends received during such period. Average annual total return after taxes on dividends is computed assuming all dividends, less the taxes due on such dividends, are reinvested and taking into account all applicable recurring and nonrecurring expenses, including the maximum sales charge in the case of Class A and Class I shares and the CDSC that would be applicable to a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the specified period in the case of Class B and Class C shares. The taxes due on dividends are calculated by applying to each dividend the highest marginal Federal individual income tax rates in effect on the reinvestment date for that dividend. The rates used correspond to the tax character of each dividend. The taxable amount and tax character of each dividend are specified by each Fund on the dividend declaration date, but may be adjusted to reflect subsequent recharacterizations of distributions. The applicable tax rates may vary over the measurement period. The effects of state and local taxes are not reflected. Applicable tax credits, such as foreign credits, are taken into account according to Federal law. The ending value is determined assuming complete redemption at the end of the applicable periods with no tax consequences associated with such redemption.

 

Quotations of average annual total return, after taxes, on both dividends and redemption for the specified periods are computed by finding the average annual compounded rates of return that would equate the initial amount invested to the ending value of such investment at the end of each period assuming payment of taxes on dividends received during such period as well as on complete redemption. Average annual total return after taxes on distributions and redemption is computed assuming all dividends, less the taxes due on such dividends, are reinvested and taking into account all applicable recurring and nonrecurring expenses, including the maximum sales charge in the case of Class A and Class I shares and the CDSC that would be applicable to a complete redemption of the investment at the end of the specified period in the case of Class B and Class C shares and assuming, for all classes of shares, complete redemption and payment of taxes due on such redemption. The ending value is determined assuming complete redemption at the end of the applicable periods, subtracting capital gains taxes resulting from the redemption and adding the presumed tax benefit from capital losses resulting from redemption. The taxes due on dividends and on the deemed redemption are calculated by applying the highest individual marginal Federal individual income tax rates in effect on the reinvestment and/or the redemption date. The rates used correspond to the tax character of each component of each dividend and/or the redemption payment. The applicable tax rates may vary over the measurement period. The effects of state and local taxes are not reflected.

 

A Fund also may quote annual, average annual and annualized total return and aggregate total return performance data, both as a percentage and as a dollar amount based on a hypothetical investment of $1,000 or some other amount, for various periods other than those noted below. Such data will be computed as described above, except that (1) as required by the periods of the quotations, actual annual, annualized or aggregate data, rather than average annual data, may be quoted and (2) the maximum applicable sales charges will not be included with respect to annual or annualized rates of return calculations. Aside from the impact on the performance data calculations of including or excluding the maximum

 

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applicable sales charges, actual annual or annualized total return data generally will be lower than average annual total return data since the average rates of return reflect compounding of return; aggregate total return data generally will be higher than average annual total return data since the aggregate rates of return reflect compounding over a longer period of time.

 

Yield quotations will be computed based on a 30-day period by dividing (a) the net income based on the yield of each security earned during the period by (b) the average daily number of shares outstanding during the period that were entitled to receive dividends multiplied by the maximum offering price per share on the last day of the period. Tax equivalent yield quotations will be computed by dividing (a) the part of a Fund’s yield that is tax-exempt by (b) one minus a stated tax rate and (c) adding the result to that part, if any, of the Fund’s yield that is not tax-exempt.

 

See Part I Section VIII “Fund Performance” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for performance information for the Class A, Class B, Class C, Class I and, if applicable, Class R shares of your Fund for the periods indicated.

 

A Fund’s total return will vary depending on market conditions, the securities comprising a Fund’s portfolio, a Fund’s operating expenses and the amount of realized and unrealized net capital gains or losses during the period. The value of an investment in a Fund will fluctuate and an investor’s shares, when redeemed, may be worth more or less than their original cost.

 

In order to reflect the reduced sales charges in the case of Class A or Class I shares or the waiver of the CDSC in the case of Class B or Class C shares applicable to certain investors, as described under “Purchase of Shares” and “Redemption of Shares,” respectively, the total return data quoted by a Fund in advertisements directed to such investors may take into account the reduced, and not the maximum, sales charge or may take into account the CDSC waiver and therefore may reflect greater total return since, due to the reduced sales charges or the waiver of sales charges, a lower amount of expenses is deducted.

 

On occasion, a Fund may compare its performance to, among other things, the Fund’s benchmark index indicated in the Prospectus, the Value Line Composite Index, the Dow Jones Industrial Average, or to other published indices, or to performance data published by Lipper Analytical Services, Inc. Morningstar Publications (“Morningstar”), Money Magazine, U.S. News & World Report, BusinessWeek, Forbes Magazine, Fortune Magazine or other industry publications. When comparing its performance to a market index, a Fund may refer to various statistical measures derived from the historic performance of a Fund and the index, such as standard deviation and beta. As with other performance data, performance comparisons should not be considered indicative of a Fund’s relative performance for any future period. In addition, from time to time a Fund may include the Fund’s Morningstar risk-adjusted performance ratings assigned by Morningstar in advertising or supplemental sales literature. From time to time a Fund may quote in advertisements or other materials other applicable measures of Fund performance and may also make reference to awards that may be given to the Manager.

 

A Fund may provide information designed to help investors understand how the Fund is seeking to achieve its investment objectives. This may include information about past, current or possible economic, market, political or other conditions, descriptive information or general principles of investing such as asset allocation, diversification and risk tolerance, discussion of a Fund’s portfolio composition, investment philosophy, strategy or investment techniques, comparisons of the Fund’s performance or portfolio composition to that of other funds or types of investments, indices relevant to the comparison being made, or to a hypothetical or model portfolio. A Fund may also quote various measures of volatility and benchmark correlation in advertising and other materials, and may compare these measures to those of other funds or types of investments.

 

PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

 

Each Fund’s Board of Directors/Trustees has delegated to the Manager authority to vote all proxies relating to the Fund’s portfolio securities. The Manager has adopted policies and procedures (“Proxy Voting Procedures”) with respect to the voting of proxies related to the portfolio securities held in the account of one or more of its clients, including a Fund. Pursuant to these Proxy Voting Procedures, the Manager primary objective when voting proxies is to make proxy voting decisions solely in the best interests of each Fund and its shareholders, and to act in a manner that the Manager believes is most likely to enhance the economic value of the securities held by the Fund. The Proxy Voting Procedures are designed to

 

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ensure that that the Manager considers the interests of its clients, including the Funds, and not the interests of the Manager, when voting proxies and that real (or perceived) material conflicts that may arise between the Manager’s interest and those of the Manager’s clients are properly addressed and resolved.

 

In order to implement the Proxy Voting Procedures, the Manager has formed a Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”). The Committee is comprised of the Manager’s Chief Investment Officer (the “CIO”), one or more other senior investment professionals appointed by the CIO, portfolio managers and investment analysts appointed by the CIO and any other personnel the CIO deems appropriate. The Committee will also include two non-voting representatives from the Manager’s Legal department appointed by the Manager’s General Counsel. The Committee’s membership shall be limited to full-time employees of the Manager. No person with any investment banking, trading, retail brokerage or research responsibilities for the Manager’s affiliates may serve as a member of the Committee or participate in its decision making (except to the extent such person is asked by the Committee to present information to the Committee, on the same basis as other interested knowledgeable parties not affiliated with the Manager might be asked to do so). The Committee determines how to vote the proxies of all clients, including a Fund, that have delegated proxy voting authority to the Manager and seeks to ensure that all votes are consistent with the best interests of those clients and are free from unwarranted and inappropriate influences. The Committee establishes general proxy voting policies for the Manager and is responsible for determining how those policies are applied to specific proxy votes, in light of each issuer’s unique structure, management, strategic options and, in certain circumstances, probable economic and other anticipated consequences of alternate actions. In so doing, the Committee may determine to vote a particular proxy in a manner contrary to its generally stated policies. In addition, the Committee will be responsible for ensuring that all reporting and recordkeeping requirements related to proxy voting are fulfilled.

 

The Committee may determine that the subject matter of a recurring proxy issue is not suitable for general voting policies and requires a case-by-case determination. In such cases, the Committee may elect not to adopt a specific voting policy applicable to that issue. The Manager believes that certain proxy voting issues require investment analysis – such as approval of mergers and other significant corporate transactions – akin to investment decisions, and are, therefore, not suitable for general guidelines. The Committee may elect to adopt a common position for the Manager on certain proxy votes that are akin to investment decisions, or determine to permit the portfolio manager to make individual decisions on how best to maximize economic value for a Fund (similar to normal buy/sell investment decisions made by such portfolio managers). While it is expected that the Manager will generally seek to vote proxies over which the Manager exercises voting authority in a uniform manner for all the Manager’s clients, the Committee, in conjunction with a Fund’s portfolio manager, may determine that the Fund’s specific circumstances require that its proxies be voted differently.

 

To assist the Manager in voting proxies, the Committee has retained Institutional Shareholder Services (“ISS”). ISS is an independent adviser that specializes in providing a variety of fiduciary-level proxy-related services to institutional investment managers, plan sponsors, custodians, consultants, and other institutional investors. The services provided to the Manager by ISS include in-depth research, voting recommendations (although the Manager is not obligated to follow such recommendations), vote execution, and recordkeeping. ISS will also assist the Fund in fulfilling its reporting and recordkeeping obligations under the Investment Company Act.

 

The Manager’s Proxy Voting Procedures also address special circumstances that can arise in connection with proxy voting. For instance, under the Proxy Voting Procedures, the Manager generally will not seek to vote proxies related to portfolio securities that are on loan, although it may do so under certain circumstances. In addition, the Manager will vote proxies related to securities of foreign issuers only on a best efforts basis and may elect not to vote at all in certain countries where the Committee determines that the costs associated with voting generally outweigh the benefits. The Committee may at any time override these general policies if it determines that such action is in the best interests of a Fund.

 

From time to time, the Manager may be required to vote proxies in respect of an issuer where an affiliate of the Manager (each, an “Affiliate”), or a money management or other client of the Manager (each, a “Client”) is involved. The Proxy Voting Procedures and the Manager’s adherence to those procedures are designed to address such conflicts of interest. The Committee intends to strictly adhere to the Proxy Voting Procedures in all proxy matters, including matters involving Affiliates and Clients. If, however, an issue representing a non-routine matter that is material to an Affiliate or a widely known Client is involved such that the Committee does not reasonably believe it is able to follow its guidelines (or if the particular proxy matter is not addressed by the guidelines) and vote impartially, the Committee may, in its discretion for the purposes of ensuring that an independent determination is reached, retain an independent fiduciary to advise the Committee on how to vote or to cast votes on behalf of the Manager’s clients.

 

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In the event that the Committee determines not to retain an independent fiduciary, or it does not follow the advice of such an independent fiduciary, the powers of the Committee shall pass to a subcommittee, appointed by the CIO (with advice from the Secretary of the Committee), consisting solely of Committee members selected by the CIO. The CIO shall appoint to the subcommittee, where appropriate, only persons whose job responsibilities do not include contact with the Client and whose job evaluations would not be affected by the Manager’s relationship with the Client (or failure to retain such relationship). The subcommittee shall determine whether and how to vote all proxies on behalf of the Manager’s clients or, if the proxy matter is, in their judgment, akin to an investment decision, to defer to the applicable portfolio managers, provided that, if the subcommittee determines to alter the Manager’s normal voting guidelines or, on matters where the Manager’s policy is case-by-case, does not follow the voting recommendation of any proxy voting service or other independent fiduciary that may be retained to provide research or advice to the Manager on that matter, no proxies relating to the Client may be voted unless the Secretary, or in the Secretary’s absence, the Assistant Secretary of the Committee concurs that the subcommittee’s determination is consistent with the Manager’s fiduciary duties

 

In addition to the general principles outlined above, the Manager has adopted voting guidelines with respect to certain recurring proxy issues that are not expected to involve unusual circumstances. These policies are guidelines only, and the Manager may elect to vote differently from the recommendation set forth in a voting guideline if the Committee determines that it is in a Fund’s best interest to do so. In addition, the guidelines may be reviewed at any time upon the request of a Committee member and may be amended or deleted upon the vote of a majority of Committee members present at a Committee meeting at which there is a quorum.

 

The Manager has adopted specific voting guidelines with respect to the following proxy issues:

 

  Proposals related to the composition of the Board of Directors of issuers other than investment companies. As a general matter, the Committee believes that a company’s Board of Directors (rather than shareholders) is most likely to have access to important, nonpublic information regarding a company’s business and prospects, and is therefore best-positioned to set corporate policy and oversee management. The Committee, therefore, believes that the foundation of good corporate governance is the election of qualified, independent corporate directors who are likely to diligently represent the interests of shareholders and oversee management of the corporation in a manner that will seek to maximize shareholder value over time. In individual cases, the Committee may look at a nominee’s history of representing shareholder interests as a director of other companies or other factors, to the extent the Committee deems relevant.

 

  Proposals related to the selection of an issuer’s independent auditors. As a general matter, the Committee believes that corporate auditors have a responsibility to represent the interests of shareholders and provide an independent view on the propriety of financial reporting decisions of corporate management. While the Committee will generally defer to a corporation’s choice of auditor, in individual cases, the Committee may look at an auditors’ history of representing shareholder interests as auditor of other companies, to the extent the Committee deems relevant.

 

  Proposals related to management compensation and employee benefits. As a general matter, the Committee favors disclosure of an issuer’s compensation and benefit policies and opposes excessive compensation, but believes that compensation matters are normally best determined by an issuer’s board of directors, rather than shareholders. Proposals to “micro-manage” an issuer’s compensation practices or to set arbitrary restrictions on compensation or benefits will, therefore, generally not be supported.

 

  Proposals related to requests, principally from management, for approval of amendments that would alter an issuer’s capital structure. As a general matter, the Committee will support requests that enhance the rights of common shareholders and oppose requests that appear to be unreasonably dilutive.

 

  Proposals related to requests for approval of amendments to an issuer’s charter or by-laws. As a general matter, the Committee opposes poison pill provisions.

 

  Routine proposals related to requests regarding the formalities of corporate meetings.

 

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  Proposals related to proxy issues associated solely with holdings of investment company shares. As with other types of companies, the Committee believes that a fund’s Board of Directors (rather than its shareholders) is best-positioned to set fund policy and oversee management. However, the Committee opposes granting Boards of Directors authority over certain matters, such as changes to a fund’s investment objective, that the Investment Company Act envisions will be approved directly by shareholders.

 

  Proposals related to limiting corporate conduct in some manner that relates to the shareholder’s environmental or social concerns. The Committee generally believes that annual shareholder meetings are inappropriate forums for discussion of larger social issues, and opposes shareholder resolutions “micromanaging” corporate conduct or requesting release of information that would not help a shareholder evaluate an investment in the corporation as an economic matter. While the Committee is generally supportive of proposals to require corporate disclosure of matters that seem relevant and material to the economic interests of shareholders, the Committee is generally not supportive of proposals to require disclosure of corporate matters for other purposes.

 

GENERAL INFORMATION

 

Description of Shares

 

Shareholders of a Fund are entitled to one vote for each full share held and fractional votes for fractional shares held in the election of Directors and generally on other matters submitted to the vote of shareholders of the Fund. Shareholders of a class bearing distribution and account maintenance expenses have exclusive voting rights with respect to matters relating to such distribution and account maintenance expenditures (except that Class B shareholders may vote upon any material changes to expenses charged under the Class A Distribution Plan). Voting rights are not cumulative, so that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting in the election of Directors can, if they choose to do so, elect all the Directors of a Fund, in which event the holders of the remaining shares would be unable to elect any person as a Director.

 

No Fund intends to hold an annual meeting of shareholders in any year in which the Investment Company Act does not require shareholders to act upon any of the following matters: (i) election of Directors; (ii) approval of a management agreement; (iii) approval of a distribution agreement; and (iv) ratification of selection of independent accountants. Shares issued are fully paid and non-assessable and have no preemptive rights. Redemption and conversion rights are discussed elsewhere herein and in each Fund’s Prospectus. Each share of Class A, Class B, Class C, Class I and Class R Common Stock is entitled to participate equally in dividends and distributions declared by a Fund and in the net assets of the Fund upon liquidation or dissolution after satisfaction of outstanding liabilities.

 

For Funds organized as Maryland corporations, the by-laws of the Fund require that a special meeting of shareholders be held upon the written request of a minimum percentage of the outstanding shares of the Fund entitled to vote at such meeting, if they comply with applicable Maryland law.

 

Certain of the Funds are organized as “Massachusetts business trusts.” Under Massachusetts law, shareholders of such a trust may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its obligations. However, the Declaration of Trust establishing a trust, a copy of which for each applicable Fund, together with all amendments thereto (the “Declaration of Trust “), is on file in the office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the trust and provides for indemnification and reimbursement of expenses out of the trust property for any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the trust. The Declaration of Trust also provides that a trust may maintain appropriate insurance (for example, fidelity bonding and errors and omissions insurance) for the protection of the trust, its shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and agents covering possible tort and other liabilities. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance existed and the trust itself was unable to meet its obligations.

 

See Part I, Section IX “Additional Information – Description of Shares” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for additional capital stock information for your Fund.

 

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Additional Information

 

Under a separate agreement, ML & Co. has granted each Fund the right to use the “Merrill Lynch” name and has reserved the right to withdraw its consent to the use of such name by a Fund at any time or to grant the use of such name to any other company, and each Fund has granted ML & Co. under certain conditions, the use of any other name it might assume in the future, with respect to any corporation organized by ML & Co.

 

See Part I, Section IX “Additional Information – Principal Holders” of each Fund’s Statement of Additional Information for information on the holders of 5% or more of any class of shares of your Fund.

 

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APPENDIX A

 

Description Of Bond Ratings

 

Description of Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.’s (“Moody’s”) Bond Ratings

 

Aaa

  Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt edge.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

Aa

  Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.

A

  Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate, but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

Baa

  Bonds which are rated Baa are considered as medium grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present, but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

Ba

  Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

B

  Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of the desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

Caa

  Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

Ca

  Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations which are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

C

  Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

 

Note: Moody’s applies numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 in each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.

 

A-1


Description of Moody’s U.S. Short-Term Ratings

 

MIG 1/VMIG 1

  This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.

MIG 2/VMIG 2

  This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.

MIG 3/VMIG 3

  This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.

SG

  This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.

 

Description of Moody’s Commercial Paper Ratings

 

Moody’s Commercial Paper ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to repay punctually promissory obligations not having an original maturity in excess of nine months. Moody’s employs the following three designations, all judged to be investment grade, to indicate the relative repayment capacity of rated issuers:

 

Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of short term promissory obligations. Prime-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics: leading market positions in well established industries; high rates of return on funds employed; conservative capitalization structures with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection; broad margins in earning coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation; and well established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity.

 

Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of short term promissory obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained.

 

Issuers rated Prime-3 (or supporting institutions) have an acceptable ability for repayment of short term promissory obligations. The effects of industry characteristics and market composition may be more pronounced. Variability in earnings and profitability may result in changes to the level of debt protection measurements and may require relatively high financial leverage. Adequate alternate liquidity is maintained.

 

Issuers rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.

 

Description of Standard & Poor’s, a Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“Standard & Poor’s”), Debt Ratings

 

A Standard & Poor’s issue credit rating is a current opinion of the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations or a specific program. It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation.

 

The issue credit rating is not a recommendation to purchase, sell or hold a financial obligation, inasmuch as it does not comment as to market price or suitability for a particular investor.

 

The issue credit ratings are based on current information furnished by the obligors or obtained by Standard & Poor’s from other sources Standard & Poor’s considers reliable. Standard & Poor’s does not perform an audit in connection with any rating and may, on occasion, rely on unaudited financial information. The ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of, such information, or based on other circumstances.

 

A-2


The issue credit ratings are based, in varying degrees, on the following considerations:

 

I. Likelihood of payment—capacity and willingness of the obligor as to the timely payment of interest and repayment of principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation;

 

II. Nature of and provisions of the obligation;

 

III. Protection afforded to, and relative position of, the obligation in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors’ rights.

 

Long Term Issue Credit Ratings

 

AAA

  An obligation rated “AAA” has the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. Capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.

AA

  An obligation rated “AA” differs from the highest rated issues only in small degree. The Obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.

A

  An obligation rated “A” is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than debt in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.

BBB

  An obligation rated “BBB” exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

BB

B

CCC

CC

C

  An obligation rated “BB,” “B,” “CCC,” “CC” and “C” are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. “BB” indicates the least degree of speculation and “C” the highest degree of speculation. While such debt will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.

D

  An obligation rated “D” is in payment default. The “D” rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The “D” rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

c

  The ‘c’ subscript is used to provide additional information to investors that the bank may terminate its obligation to purchase tendered bonds if the long term credit rating of the issuer is below an investment-grade level and/or the issuer’s bonds are deemed taxable.

p

  The letter ‘p’ indicates that the rating is provisional. A provisional rating assumes the successful completion of the project financed by the debt being rated and indicates that payment of debt service requirements is largely or entirely dependent upon the successful, timely completion of the project. This rating, however, while addressing credit quality subsequent to the completion of the project, makes no comment on the likelihood of or the risk of default upon failure of such completion. The investor should exercise his own judgment with respect to such likelihood and risk.

*

  Continuance of the ratings is contingent upon Standard & Poor’s receipt of an executed copy of the escrow agreement or closing documentation confirming investments and cash flows.

r

  This symbol is attached to the ratings of instruments with significant noncredit risks. It highlights risks to principal or volatility of expected returns which are not addressed in the credit rating.

 

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N.R.

  This indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that Standard & Poor’s does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.

 

Plus (+) or Minus (-): The ratings from “AA” to “CCC” may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

 

Description of Standard & Poor’s Commercial Paper Ratings

 

A Standard & Poor’s commercial paper rating is a current assessment of the likelihood of timely payment of debt having an original maturity of no more than 365 days. Ratings are graded into several categories, ranging from “A-1” for the highest-quality obligations to “D” for the lowest. These categories are as follows:

 

A-1

  A short-term obligation rated “A-1” is rated in the highest category by Standard & Poor’s. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.

A-2

  A short-term obligation rated “A-2” is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.

A-3

  A short-term obligation rated “A-3” exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

B

  A short-term obligation rated “B” is regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

C

  A short-term obligation rated “C” is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.

D

  A short-term obligation rated “D” is in payment default. The “D” rating category is used when interest payments or principal payments are not made on the date due even if the applicable grace period has not expired, unless Standard & Poor’s believes that such payments will be made during such grace period. The “D” rating will also be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action if payments on an obligation are jeopardized.

c

  The “c” subscript is used to provide additional information to investors that the bank may terminate its obligation to purchase tendered bonds if the long term credit rating of the issuer is below an investment-grade level and/or the issuer’s bonds are deemed taxable.

p

  The letter “p” indicates that the rating is provisional. A provisional rating assumes the successful completion of the project financed by the debt being rated and indicates that payment of debt service requirements is largely or entirely dependent upon the successful, timely completion of the project. This rating, however, while addressing credit quality subsequent to completion of the project, makes no comment on the likelihood of or the risk of default upon failure of such completion. The investor should exercise his own judgment with respect to such likelihood and risk.

*

  Continuance of the ratings is contingent upon Standard & Poor’s receipt of an executed copy of the escrow agreement or closing

r

  The “r” highlights derivative, hybrid, and certain other obligations that Standard & Poor’s believes may experience high volatility or high variability in expected returns as a result of noncredit risks. Examples

 

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of such obligations are securities with principal or interest return indexed to equities, commodities, or currencies; certain swaps and options, and interest-only and principal-only mortgage securities. The absence of an “r” symbol should not be taken as an indication that an obligation will exhibit no volatility or variability in total return.

 

A commercial paper rating is not a recommendation to purchase or sell a security. The ratings are based on current information furnished to Standard & Poor’s by the issuer or obtained by Standard & Poor’s from other sources it considers reliable. The ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or unavailability of, such information.

 

A Standard & Poor’s note rating reflects the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes maturing beyond three years will most likely receive a long term debt rating. The following criteria will be used in making that assessment.

 

—Amortization schedule—the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note.

 

—Source of payment—the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.

 

Note rating symbols are as follows:

 

SP-1

   Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.

SP-2

   Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.

SP-3

   Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.

 

Description of Fitch Ratings’ (“Fitch”) Investment Grade Bond Ratings

 

Fitch investment grade bond ratings provide a guide to investors in determining the credit risk associated with a particular security. The rating represents Fitch’s assessment of the issuer’s ability to meet the obligations of a specific debt issue or class of debt in a timely manner.

 

The rating takes into consideration special features of the issue, its relationship to other obligations of the issuer, the current and prospective financial condition and operating performance of the issuer and any guarantor, as well as the economic and political environment that might affect the issuer’s future financial strength and credit quality.

 

Fitch ratings do not reflect any credit enhancement that may be provided by insurance policies or financial guarantees unless otherwise indicated.

 

Bonds carrying the same rating are of similar but not necessarily identical credit quality since the rating categories do not fully reflect small differences in the degrees of credit risk.

 

Fitch ratings are not recommendations to buy, sell, or hold any security. Ratings do not comment on the adequacy of market price, the suitability of any security for a particular investor, or the tax-exempt nature or taxability of payments made in respect of any security. Fitch ratings are based on information obtained from issuers, other obligors, underwriters, their experts, and other sources Fitch believes to be reliable. Fitch does not audit or verify the truth or accuracy of such information. Ratings may be changed, suspended, or withdrawn as a result of changes in, or the unavailability of, information or for other reasons.

 

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AAA

  Bonds considered to be investment grade and of the highest credit quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong ability to pay interest and repay principal, which is unlikely to be affected by reasonably foreseeable events.

AA

  Bonds considered to be investment grade and of very high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is very strong, although not quite as strong as bonds rated “AAA.” Because bonds rated in the “AAA” and “AA” categories are not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable future developments, short term debt of these issuers is generally rated “F-1+.”

A

  Bonds considered to be investment grade and of high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be strong, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances than bonds with higher ratings.

BBB

  Bonds considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory-credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be adequate. Adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances, however, are more likely to have adverse impact on these bonds, and therefore impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than for bonds with higher ratings.

 

Plus (+) or Minus (-): Plus and minus signs are used with a rating symbol to indicate the relative position of a credit within the rating category. Plus and minus signs, however, are not used in the “AAA” category.

 

Description of Fitch’s Speculative Grade Bond Ratings

 

Fitch speculative grade bond ratings provide a guide to investors in determining the credit risk associated with a particular security. The ratings (“BB” to “C”) represent Fitch’s assessment of the likelihood of timely payment of principal and interest in accordance with the terms of obligation for bond issues not in default. For defaulted bonds, the rating (“DDD” to “D”) is an assessment of the ultimate recovery value through reorganization or liquidation. The rating takes into consideration special features of the issue, its relationship to other obligations of the issuer, the current and prospective financial condition and operating performance of the issuer and any guarantor, as well as the economic and political environment that might affect the issuer’s future financial strength.

 

Bonds that have the rating are of similar but not necessarily identical credit quality since rating categories cannot fully reflect the differences in degrees of credit risk.

 

BB    Bonds are considered speculative. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal may be affected over time by
adverse economic changes. However, business and financial alternatives can be identified which could assist the obligor in
satisfying its debt service requirements.

B

   Bonds are considered highly speculative. While bonds in this class are currently meeting debt service requirements, the probability of continued timely payment of principal and interest reflects the obligor’s limited margin of safety and the need for reasonable business and economic activity throughout the life of the issue.

CCC

   Bonds have certain identifiable characteristics which, if not remedied, may lead to default. The ability to meet obligations requires an advantageous business and economic environment.

CC

   Bonds are minimally protected. Default in payment of interest and/or principal seems probable over time.

C

   Bonds are in imminent default in payment of interest or principal.

 

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D

DD

DDD

   Bonds are in default on interest and/or principal payments. Such bonds are extremely speculative and should be valued on the basis of their ultimate recovery value in liquidation or reorganization of the obligor. “DDD” represents the highest potential for recovery on these bonds, and “D” represents the lowest potential for recovery.
     Plus (+) or Minus (-): Plus and minus signs are used with a rating symbol to indicate the relative position of a credit within the rating category. Plus and minus signs, however, are not used in the “DDD,” “DD,” or “D” categories.

 

Description of Fitch’s Short term Ratings

 

Fitch’s short term ratings apply to debt obligations that are payable on demand or have original maturities of up to three years, including commercial paper, certificates of deposit, medium-term notes, and investment notes.

 

The short term rating places greater emphasis than a long term rating on the existence of liquidity necessary to meet the issuer’s obligations in a timely manner.

 

Fitch short term ratings are as follows:

 

F-1+

   Exceptionally Strong Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating are regarded as having the strongest degree of assurance for timely payment.

F-1

   Very Strong Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating reflect an assurance of timely payment only slightly less in degree than issues rated “F-1+.”

F-2

   Good Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating have a satisfactory degree of assurance for timely payment, but the margin of safety is not as great as for issues assigned “F-1+” and “F-1” ratings.

F-3

   Fair Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating have characteristics suggesting that the degree of assurance for timely payment is adequate; however, near-term adverse changes could cause these securities to be rated below investment grade.

F-S

   Weak Credit Quality. Issues assigned this rating have characteristics suggesting a minimal degree of assurance for timely payment and are vulnerable to near-term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.

D

   Default. Issues assigned this rating are in actual or imminent payment default.

LOC

   The symbol “LOC” indicates that the rating is based on a letter of credit issued by a commercial bank.

NR

   Indicates that Fitch does not rate the specific issue.

Conditional

   A conditional rating is premised on the successful completion of a project or the occurrence of a specific event.

Suspended

   A rating is suspended when Fitch deems the amount of information available from the issuer to be inadequate for rating purposes.

Withdrawn

   A rating will be withdrawn when an issue matures or is called or refinanced and, at Fitch’s discretion, when an issuer fails to furnish proper and timely information.

 

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FitchAlert

   Ratings are placed on FitchAlert to notify investors of an occurrence that is likely to result in a rating change and the likely direction of such change. These are designated as “Positive,” indicating a potential upgrade, “Negative,” for potential downgrade, or “Evolving,” where ratings may be raised or lowered. FitchAlert is relatively short term, and should be resolved within 12 months.

 

Ratings Outlook: An outlook is used to describe the most likely direction of any rating change over the intermediate term. It is described as “Positive” or “Negative.” The absence of a designation indicates a stable outlook.

 

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APPENDIX A

 

DESCRIPTION OF BOND RATINGS

 

Ratings of Bonds

 

Description of Bond Ratings of Moody’s:

 

Aaa Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as “gilt-edge.” Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues.

 

Aa Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risks appear somewhat larger than in Aaa securities.

 

A Bonds which are rated A possess many favorable investment attributes and are to be considered as upper medium-grade obligations. Factors giving security to principal and interest are considered adequate but elements may be present which suggest a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future.

 

Baa Bonds which are rated Baa are considered medium-grade obligations, i.e., they are neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Interest payments and principal security appear adequate for the present but certain protective elements may be lacking or may be characteristically unreliable over any great length of time. Such bonds lack outstanding investment characteristics and in fact have speculative characteristics as well.

 

Ba Bonds which are rated Ba are judged to have speculative elements; their future cannot be considered as well assured. Often the protection of interest and principal payments may be very moderate and thereby not well safeguarded during both good and bad times over the future. Uncertainty of position characterizes bonds in this class.

 

B Bonds which are rated B generally lack characteristics of a desirable investment. Assurance of interest and principal payments or of maintenance of other terms of the contract over any long period of time may be small.

 

Caa Bonds which are rated Caa are of poor standing. Such issues may be in default or there may be present elements of danger with respect to principal or interest.

 

Ca Bonds which are rated Ca represent obligations that are speculative in a high degree. Such issues are often in default or have other marked shortcomings.

 

C Bonds which are rated C are the lowest rated class of bonds and issues so rated can be regarded as having extremely poor prospects of ever attaining any real investment standing.

 

The modifier 1 indicates that the bond ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its rating category.

 

Description of Bond Ratings of Standard & Poor’s:

 

AAA Bonds rated AAA have the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor’s. Capacity to pay interest and repay principal is extremely strong.

 

A-1


AA Bonds rated AA have a very strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal and differ from the higher rated issues only in small degree.

 

A Bonds rated A have a strong capacity to pay interest and repay principal although they are somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than bonds in higher rated categories.

 

BBB Bonds rated BBB are regarded as having an adequate capacity to pay interest and repay principal. Whereas they normally exhibit adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to pay interest and repay principal for bonds in this category than in higher rated categories.

 

BB B CCC CC

Bonds rated BB, B, CCC and CC are regarded, on balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligation. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and CC the highest degree of speculation. While such bonds will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions.

 

C The C rating is reserved for income bonds on which no interest is being paid.

 

D Bonds rated D are in default, and payment of interest and/or repayment of principal is in arrears.

 

NR Indicates that no rating has been requested, that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that S&P does not rate a particular type of bond as a matter of policy.

 

Plus (+) or Minus (–): The ratings from “AA” to “B” may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.

 

Description of Bond Ratings of Fitch

 

AAA Bonds rated AAA are considered to be investment grade and of the highest credit quality. The obligor has an exceptionally strong ability to pay interest and repay principal, which is unlikely to be affected by reasonably foreseeable events.

 

AA Bonds rated AA are considered to be investment grade and of very high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is very strong, although not quite as strong as bonds rated AAA. Because bonds rated in the AAA and AA categories are not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable future developments, short-term debt of these issuers is generally rated F1+.

 

A Bonds rated A are considered to be investment grade and of high credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be strong, but may be more vulnerable to adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances than bonds with higher ratings.

 

BBB Bonds rated BBB are considered to be investment grade and of satisfactory credit quality. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal is considered to be adequate. Adverse changes in economic conditions and circumstances, however, are more likely to have an adverse impact on these bonds and, therefore, impair timely payment. The likelihood that the ratings of these bonds will fall below investment grade is higher than for bonds with higher ratings.

 

BB Bonds rated BB are considered speculative. The obligor’s ability to pay interest and repay principal may be affected over time by adverse economic changes. However, business and financial alternatives can be identified which could assist the obligor in satisfying its debt service requirements.

 

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B Bonds rated B are considered highly speculative. While bonds in this class are currently meeting debt service requirements, the probability of continued timely payment of principal and interest reflects the obligor’s limited margin of safety and the need for reasonable business and economic activity throughout the life of the issue.

 

CCC Bonds rated CCC have certain identifiable characteristics, which, if not remedied, may lead to default. The ability to meet obligations requires an advantageous business and economic environment.

 

CC Bonds rated CC are minimally protected. Default in payment of interest and/or principal seems probable over time.

 

C Bonds rated C are in imminent default in payment of interest or principal.

 

DDD DD D

Bonds rated DDD, DD and D are in actual default of interest and/or principal payments. Such bonds are extremely speculative and should be valued on the basis of their ultimate recovery value in liquidation or reorganization of the obligor. DDD represents the highest potential for recovery on these bonds and D represents the lowest potential for recovery.

 

Plus (+) and minus (–) signs are used with a rating symbol to indicate the relative position of a credit within the rating category. Plus and minus signs, however, are not used in the AAA category covering 12-36 months.

 

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APPENDIX B

 

ECONOMIC AND OTHER CONDITIONS IN NEW YORK

 

The following information is a brief summary of factors affecting the economy of New York City (the “City”) or New York State (the “State” or “New York”) and does not purport to be a complete description of such factors. Other factors will affect issuers. The summary is based primarily upon the most recent publicly available offering statements relating to debt offerings of state and local issuers and other demographic information, and it does not reflect recent developments since the dates of such offering statements and other information.

 

The State, some of its agencies, instrumentalities and public authorities and certain of its municipalities have sometimes faced serious financial difficulties that could have an adverse effect on the sources of payment for or the market value of the New York municipal bonds in which the Fund invests.

 

New York City

 

General.    More than any other municipality, the fiscal health of the City has a significant effect on the fiscal health of the State.

 

The Mayor is responsible for preparing the City’s financial plan, including the City’s current financial plan for the 2003 through 2007 fiscal years and modification thereto (the “2004-2007 Financial Plan,” “Financial Plan” or “City Financial Plan”). The City’s projections set forth in the City Financial Plan are based on various assumptions and contingencies which are uncertain and which may not materialize.

 

For each of the 1981 through 2003 fiscal years, the City’s General Fund had an operating surplus, before discretionary and other transfers, and achieved balanced operating results as reported in accordance with then applicable generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), after discretionary and other transfers (“transfers”). For the 2003 fiscal year, the City had an operating surplus of $1.422 billion, before discretionary and other transfers. General Fund total revenues for the 2003 fiscal year were approximately $44.34 billion. The City has been required to close substantial gaps between forecast revenues and forecast expenditures in order to maintain balanced operating results. There can be no assurance that the City will continue to maintain balanced operating results as required by State law without proposed tax or other revenue increases or reductions in City services or entitlement programs, which could adversely affect the City’s economic base.

 

As required by law, the City prepares a four-year annual financial plan, which is reviewed and revised on a quarterly basis and which includes the City’s capital, revenue and expense projections and outlines proposed gap-closing programs for years with projected budget gaps. The City’s current Financial Plan projects budget balance in the 2004 fiscal year and budget gaps for each of the 2005 through 2007 fiscal years. A pattern of current year balance or surplus operating results and projected subsequent year budget gaps has been consistent through the entire period since 1982, during which the City has achieved surplus operating results, before discretionary transfers, for each fiscal year.

 

World Trade Center Attack.    On September 11, 2001, two hijacked passenger jetliners flew into the World Trade Center, resulting in a substantial loss of life, destruction of the World Trade Center and damage to other buildings in the vicinity. Trading on the major New York stock exchanges was suspended until September 17, 2001, and business in the financial district was interrupted.

 

Recovery, clean up and repair efforts will result in substantial expenditures. The City has been largely reimbursed by the federal government for all of its direct costs for response and remediation of the World Trade Center site. In addition, the State authorized the Transitional Finance Authority (“TFA”) to have outstanding $2.5 billion of bonds (“Recovery Bonds,” and notes (“Recovery Notes”) to pay costs related to or arising from the September 11 attack (“Recovery Costs”), of which the TFA currently has outstanding approximately $2 billion.

 

B-1


City’s Financing Program.    Implementation of the Financial Plan is dependent upon the City’s ability to market its securities successfully. Implementation of the Financial Plan is also dependent upon the ability to market the securities of other financing entities, including the TFA, which issues debt secured by personal income tax and sales tax revenues, and the New York City Municipal Water Finance Authority (the “Water Authority”) which issues debt secured by water and sewer revenues. The TFA was created to assist the City in financing its capital program while keeping City indebtedness within the forecast level of the constitutional restrictions on the amount of debt the City is authorized to incur. In addition, the City issues revenue and tax anticipation notes to finance its seasonal working capital requirements. The success of projected public sales of City, Water Authority, TFA and other bonds and notes will be subject to prevailing market conditions. Future developments concerning the City and public discussion of such developments, as well as prevailing market conditions, may affect the market for outstanding City general obligation bonds and notes.

 

2004-2007 Financial Plan.    For the 2002 and 2003 fiscal years, the City’s General Fund had operating surpluses of $686 million and $1.422 billion, respectively, before discretionary and other transfers, and achieved balanced operating results in accordance with GAAP, after discretionary and other transfers. The 2003 fiscal year is the twenty-third consecutive year that the City has achieved an operating surplus, before discretionary and other transfers, and balanced operating results, after discretionary and other transfers.

 

On June 30, 2003, the City submitted to the Control Board the Financial Plan for the 2003 through 2007 fiscal years (the “June Financial Plan”), which relates to the City and certain entities which receive funds from the City, and which reflects changes as a result of the City’s expense and capital budgets for the 2004 fiscal year which were adopted on June 27, 2003, and on November 18, 2003, the City submitted to the Control Board Modification No. 04-1 to the June Financial Plan (the June Financial Plan as modified constitutes the Financial Plan). The Financial Plan projects revenues and expenditures for the 2003 fiscal year balanced in accordance with GAAP, and projects gaps of $1.8 billion, $3.4 billion and $3.9 billion for fiscal years 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively, after implementation of a gap-closing program to reduce agency expenditures or increase revenues by $267 million in fiscal year 2004 and by approximately $75 million in each of fiscal years 2005 through 2007, and a pay-as-you-go expenditure program for school construction capital costs reflecting increases of $100 million in fiscal year 2004 and $200 million in each of fiscal years 2005 through 2007.

 

The June Financial Plan reflected reductions made during fiscal year 2003 in projected revenues for fiscal year 2004 and subsequent fiscal years of greater than $2 billion annually and annual increases in projected net expenditures of greater than $1 billion. The reduction in projected revenues was primarily due to a decline in projected tax revenues reflecting the September 11 attack and a continued weak economy, which had resulted in lower wage earnings, lower corporate earnings, local job losses, a disruption in tourism and related spending and a decline in financial services sector profits and employee income. The June Financial Plan contained a gap-closing program which included expenditure reductions and an 18.49% property tax increase, a temporary increase in personal income tax rates for City residents with taxable income above specified amounts and a temporary increase in the City portion of the sales tax.

 

Increases in projected revenues since the June Financial Plan total $582 million, $340 million, $157 million and $153 million in fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively, including an increase in projected tax revenues of $575 million, $65 million, $43 million and $58 million in fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively, resulting primarily from increases in personal income and business tax revenues, primarily due to improved securities industry profits, and mortgage recording, real property transfer and sales tax revenues. Changes in projected expenditures since the June Financial Plan include: (i) increased spending for Medicaid totaling $248 million, $163 million, $226 million and $418 million for fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively; (ii) increased public assistance spending of $59 million in fiscal year 2004 and $69 million annually in each of fiscal years 2005 through 2007; (iii) increased health insurance costs of approximately $50 million annually in each of fiscal years 2005 through 2007 and other increased health and social services costs of approximately $50 million annually starting in fiscal year 2004; and (iv) $118 million of increased overtime spending in fiscal year 2004. The Financial Plan also includes proposed discretionary transfers and prepayments in fiscal years

 

B-2


2004 and 2005 of $413 million and $200 million, respectively, reflect discretionary transfers and prepayments in fiscal years 2004 and 2005 of debt service due in fiscal years 2005 and 2006, respectively.

 

The Financial Plan also reflects legislation enacted by the State Legislature pursuant to which the Local Government Assistance Corporation (“LGAC”) is to make available to the City or its assignee $170 million annually. The City has stated that it intends to assign the $170 million annual payment to the Sales Tax Asset Receivable Corporation (“STAR Corp.”), a local development corporation created to issue bonds to finance the cost of debt service on bonds of the Municipal Assistance Corporation for the City of New York (“MAC”) otherwise payable from City sales tax revenues. The STAR Corp. financing would make available to the City approximately $500 million annually in fiscal years 2004 through 2008 by reducing the amount of City revenues retained by MAC for its debt service or reimbursing the City for revenues already retained in the 2004 fiscal year. The State and LGAC brought suit against the City and the STAR Corp. challenging the constitutionality of the legislation and seeking to prevent the issuance of bonds by STAR Corp. The State Supreme Court granted the City’s and STAR Corp.’s motion for summary judgment and issued a preliminary injunction preventing STAR Corp. from issuing its bonds pending the plaintiffs’ appeal of that decision.

 

In addition, the Financial Plan reflects $783 million in fiscal year 2005 and approximately $96 million in subsequent years of back rent and renegotiated future lease payments for the City’s airports, reflecting a recent agreement between the City and the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (the “Port Authority”). The Financial Plan also reflects additional State assistance which requires the approval of the State government. The additional State actions proposed in the Financial Plan include a proposed regional transportation initiative which would produce savings for the City totaling approximately $150 million annually in fiscal year 2005 and thereafter by transferring responsibility for the local private bus system to the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (“MTA”), which is subject to MTA and other approvals.

 

The Financial Plan does not make any provision for wage increases, other than the pay increases for the 2000-2002 round of bargaining and pay increases to be funded by productivity initiatives. It is estimated that each 1% wage increase for all City employees for subsequent contract periods would cost approximately $213 million annually (including benefits). The City Comptroller and others have issued reports identifying various risks. See “Certain Reports” within. In addition, the economic and financial condition of the City may be affected by various financial, social, economic, geo-political and other factors which could have a material effect on the City.

 

Assumptions.    The Financial Plan is based on numerous assumptions, including the condition of the City’s and the region’s economies and the concomitant receipt of economically sensitive tax revenues in the amounts projected. The Financial Plan is subject to various other uncertainties and contingencies relating to, among other factors, the effects on the City economy of the September 11 attack, the extent, if any, to which wage increases for City employees exceed the annual wage costs assumed for the 2004 through 2007 fiscal years; realization of projected interest earnings for pension fund assets and current assumptions with respect to wages for City employees affecting the City’s required pension fund contributions; the willingness and ability of the State to provide the aid contemplated by the Financial Plan and to take various other actions to assist the City; the ability of Health and Hospitals Corporation and other such entities to maintain balanced budgets; the willingness of the federal government to provide the amount of federal aid contemplated in the Financial Plan; the impact on City revenues and expenditures of federal and State welfare reform and any future legislation affecting Medicare or other entitlement programs; adoption of the City’s budgets by the City Council in substantially the forms submitted by the Mayor, the ability of the City to implement cost reduction initiatives, and the success with which the City controls expenditures; the impact of conditions in the real estate market on real estate tax revenues; and the ability of the City and other financing entities to market their securities successfully in the public credit markets. (See “Certain Reports” within).

 

Personal Service Costs.    The Financial Plan projects that the authorized number of City-funded full-time and full-time equivalent employees whose salaries are paid directly from City funds, as opposed to federal or State funds or water and sewer funds, will decrease from an estimated level of 250,388 on June 30, 2004 to an estimated level of 248,105 by June 30, 2007.

 

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Intergovernmental Aid.    For its normal operations, the City depends on aid from the State both to enable the City to balance its budget and to meet its cash requirements. There can be no assurance that there will not be delays or reductions in State aid to the City from amounts currently projected; that state budgets will be adopted by the April 1 statutory deadline, or interim appropriations will be enacted or that any such reductions or delays will not have adverse effects on the City’s cash flow or expenditures. In addition, the Federal budget negotiation process could result in reductions or delays in the receipt of Federal grants, which could have adverse effects on the City’s cash flow or revenues.

 

Certain Reports.    From time to time, the Control Board staff, OSDC, the City Comptroller, the IBO and others issue reports and make public statements regarding the City’s financial condition, commenting on, among other matters, the City’s financial plans, projected revenues and expenditures and actions by the City to eliminate projected operating deficits. Some of these reports and statements have warned that the City may have underestimated certain expenditures and overestimated certain revenues and have suggested that the City may not have adequately provided for future contingencies. Certain of these reports have analyzed the City’s future economic and social conditions and have questioned whether the City has the capacity to generate sufficient revenues in the future to meet the costs of its expenditure increases and to provide necessary services. It is reasonable to expect that reports and statements will continue to be issued and to engender public comment. Reports relating to the current Financial Plan are expected to be released in the near future.

 

On July 30, 2003, the City Comptroller released a report on the City’s Executive Budget for fiscal year 2004 and the June Financial Plan. In his report, the City Comptroller identified risks for fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively, which when added to the gaps in the June Financial Plan, result in gaps of $484 million, $3.0 billion and $4.9 billion in fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively.

 

The risks and possible resources set forth in the City Comptroller’s report include: (i) the possibility that projected non-property taxes could be lower than projected in the June Financial Plan by $58 million in fiscal year 2006 and greater than projected in the June Financial Plan by $53 million, $87 million and $118 million in fiscal years 2004, 2005 and 2007 respectively; (ii) possible increased overtime expenditures of approximately $199 million in each of fiscal years 2004 through 2007; and (iii) the possibility that Medicaid and public assistance costs could be greater than forecast in the June Financial Plan by $73 million in each of fiscal years 2004 and 2005. The report identified as additional risks: (i) assumed rent payments of $190 million, $573 million, $86 million and $89 million from the Port Authority in fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively, which are subject to arbitration and the negotiation of new leases; and (ii) regional transportation initiatives totaling $75 million in fiscal year 2004 and approximately $150 million in each of fiscal years 2005 and 2007, respectively, which would transfer responsibility for the City’s private bus system to the MTA, and which requires MTA approval. In addition, the report noted that the Chief Actuary for the City’s pension systems may recommend changes in actuarial assumptions and methods that are used to calculate the City’s pension contributions, which could result in significant changes in the City’s pension contribution. Finally, the report noted that the June Financial Plan does not contain funding for any wage increases for the new round of collective bargaining.

 

On July 24, 2003, the staff of the OSDC issued a report an the June Financial Plan. The report identified net risks of $367 million, $806 million, $401 million and $423 million for fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively, which, when added to the gaps projected in the June Financial Plan, would result in gaps of $367 million, $2.8 billion, $3.6 billion and $3.7 billion in fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively.

 

The risks to the June Financial Plan identified in the report include: (i) possible delays in reaching a settlement with the Port Authority for retroactive and increased airport lease payments assumed in the June Financial Plan; (ii) the proposed transfer of responsibility for private bus lines to the MTA which would reduce City subsidies by $75 million in fiscal year 2004 and $150 million annually thereafter, and which requires approval of the MTA; (iii) possible increased spending for overtime of $100 million in fiscal year 2004 and $125 million in each of fiscal years 2005 through 2007; and (iv) possible increased Medicaid costs of $75 million in fiscal year 2006 and $100 million in fiscal year 2007.

 

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With respect to the proposed MAC refinancing assumed in the June Financial Plan, which would eliminate $500 million in annual debt service costs for the City through fiscal year 2008, the OSDC report noted that the Governor claims that the legislation is unconstitutional because the bill attempts to bind the State to provide funds without expressly providing that the payment is subject to annual appropriations, and is urging the City not to proceed with the refinancing until the legal and other issues are clarified. The report also noted that wage increases at the projected inflation rate would increase the projected gaps by $750 million, $1.2 billion and $2.3 billion in fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively, unless funded by productivity improvements. The report stated that the size of the deficits for fiscal year 2005 and subsequent years will depend to a great extent on the pace of the economic recovery, future collective bargaining agreements and the implementation of the recent Court of Appeals ruling that the State formula for distributing State education aid is unconstitutional. The report noted that the Court of Appeals ruling could result in a significant increase in State funding for education, which might reduce State funding for other programs, as well as an increase in City spending for education. In addition, the report noted that the State faces a large budget gap which could be closed in part by a reduction in aid to localities.

 

On July 24, 2003, the staff of the Control Board issued a report reviewing the June Financial Plan. In its report, the staff concluded that the City’s budget for fiscal year 2004 appears to be balanced. However, the report noted that the ability of the City to continue to balance its budget once the temporary tax increases have expired is far from certain.

 

In its report, the staff identified net risks of $154 million, $775 million, $291 million and $313 million for fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively, which, when combined with the gaps projected in the June Financial Plan, result in estimated gaps of $154 million, $2.8 billion, $3.5 billion and $3.6 billion for fiscal years 2004 through 2007, respectively. These risks include: (i) a regional transportation initiative totaling $75 million in fiscal year 2004 and approximately $150 million annually in each of fiscal years 2005 through 2007, which would transfer responsibility for the City’s private bus system to the MTA and which is subject to successful negotiations with the MTA; (ii) settlement of a dispute with the Port Authority relating to past and future rent for the City’s airports; and (iii) the possibility that overtime could be greater than expected by between $162 million and $176 million in each of fiscal years 2004 through 2007. The report also noted that the June Financial Plan does not provide for wage increases beyond the 2000-2002 round of collective bargaining other than a $200 million contribution to the labor reserve in fiscal year 2003, and that an increase in labor costs at one half of the City’s projected inflation rate would add greater than $1 billion to the fiscal year 2007 budget gap. In addition, the report noted that the New York State Court of Appeals had decided that the State must implement changes to its system for funding education in order to ensure that every school in the City has sufficient resources to provide its students with the opportunity for a sound basic education, and that it is unclear as to whether the City and its taxpayers will be responsible for a portion of the increased funding, which could have a major impact on the City’s future financial plans. With respect to the proposed refinancing of outstanding MAC indebtedness, which would make available to the City approximately $500 million annually in fiscal years 2004 through 2008, the report noted that the Governor has asked for counsel to evaluate the constitutional and legal issues raised by the new legislation, the implications on the State’s Debt Reform Act of 2000 and the impact on LGAC bond holders and has urged the City not to proceed with the refinancing until all legal issues are resolved.

 

Seasonal Financing Requirements.    The City since 1981 has fully satisfied its seasonal financing needs in the public credit markets, repaying all short term obligations within their fiscal year of issuance. The City anticipates that its seasonal financing needs for its 2004 fiscal year will be satisfied by the $1.5 billion of short-term obligations that it issued on October 16, 2003. To finance its projected cash flow needs, the City issued $1.5 billion of short term obligations in fiscal years 2003 and 2002, $750 million of short term obligations in fiscal year 2001 and 2000, $500 million of short term obligations in fiscal year 1999 and $1.075 billion of short term obligations in fiscal year 1998. The delay in the adoption of the State’s budget in certain past fiscal years has required the City to issue short term notes in amounts exceeding those expected early in such fiscal years.

 

Outstanding Indebtedness.    As of September 30, 2003, the City, the Municipal Assistance Corporation for the City of New York had respectively approximately $28.564 billion and $2.141 billion of outstanding net long term debt.

 

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Water, Sewer and Waste.    The New York City Municipal Water Finance Authority (“Water Authority”) is authorized to issue bonds to finance capital investment in the City’s water and sewer system. Pursuant to State law, debt service on this indebtedness is secured by water and sewer fees paid by users of the water and sewer system. Such fees are revenues of the Water Board and the Water Board holds a lease interest in the City’s water and sewer system. After providing for debt service on obligations of the Water Authority and certain incidental costs, the revenues of the Water Board are paid to the City to cover the City’s costs of operating the water and sewer system and as rental for the system. The City’s Ten-Year Capital Strategy covering fiscal years 2004 through 2013 projects City-funded water and sewer investment (which is expected to be financed with proceeds of Water Authority debt) at approximately $16.24 billion of the $46.8 billion City-funded portion of the plan. The City’s capital commitment plan for the 2003 through 2007 fiscal years reflects total anticipated City-funded water and sewer commitments which are expected to be financed with the proceeds of Water Authority debt of $7.7 billion.

 

Since 1993, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“USEPA”) has issued filtration avoidance determinations (“FADs”) pursuant to which the City is not required to filter water from the Catskill and Delaware Systems. The current FAD extends until further determination is made, now scheduled for April 2007. The City has estimated that if filtration of the Catskill/Delaware water supply system is ultimately required, the construction expenditures required could be between $3 billion and $4 billion.

 

Litigation.    The City is a defendant is a significant number of lawsuits. While the ultimate outcome and fiscal impact, if any, on the City of the proceedings and claims are not currently predictable, adverse determinations in certain of them might have a material adverse effect upon the City’s ability to carry out the City Financial Plan. The City has estimated that its potential future liability on account of outstanding claims against it as of June 30, 2003 amounted to approximately $4.5 billion.

 

New York State

 

The New York Economy.    The September 11th terrorist attack had a more severe impact on the New York economy than on any other state. It is therefore not surprising that the State economy is only now emerging from the most recent recession. State employment is projected to decline 0.1 percent in 2003, and employment growth for 2004 is expected to be 0.8 percent. Wage income is estimated to rise 2.7 percent in 2003, and to 4.4 percent for 2004. Both wage and total personal income growth for 2003 are expected to be well below historical averages, due in part to further declines in bonus payments for the first quarter of 2003 on a year-over-year basis. The unemployment rate for 2002 was 6.1 percent and is expected to remain at 6.2 percent for 2003 and 2004.

 

New York is the third most populous state in the nation and has a relatively high level of personal wealth. State per capita personal income has historically been significantly higher than the national average, although the ratio has varied substantially. The State’s economy is diverse, with a comparatively large share of the nation’s financial activities, information, education, and health services employment, and a very small share of the nation’s farming and mining activity. The services sector accounts for more than four of every ten nonagricultural jobs in New York and has a noticeably higher proportion of total jobs than does the test of the nation. Manufacturing employment continues to decline in New York, as in most other states, and New York’s economy is less reliant on this sector than in the past. As defined under NAICS, the trade, transportation and utilities sector accounts for the largest component of state nonagricultural employment, but only the third largest when measured by income share. New York City is the nation’s leading center of banking and finance and as a result, this is far more important in the State than in the nation as a whole. Although this sector accounts for under one-tenth of all nonagricultural jobs in the State, it contributes about one-fifth of total wages. Farming is an important part of the economy in rural areas, although it constitutes a very minor part of total State output. Federal, State and local governments together comprise the second largest sector in terms of nonagricultural jobs, with the bulk of the employment accounted for by local governments. The State is likely to be less affected than the nation as a whole during an economic recession that is concentrated in manufacturing and construction, but likely to be more affected by any economic downturn that is concentrated in the services sector.

 

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Economic and Demographic Trends.    In the calendar years 1990 through 1998, the State’s rate of economic growth was somewhat slower than that of the nation. In particular, during the 1990-91 recession and post-recession period, the economy of the State, and that of the rest of the Northeast, was more heavily damaged than that of the nation as a whole and had been slower to recover. However, the situation subsequently improved. In 1999, for the first time in 13 years, the employment growth rate of the State surpassed the national growth rate, and, in 2000, the rates were essentially the same. In 2001, the September 11 attack resulted in a slowdown in New York that was more severe than in the nation as a whole. Although the State unemployment rate was higher than the national rate from 1991 to 2000, the gap between them has narrowed in recent years. Total State nonagricultural employment has declined as a share of national nonagricultural employment.

 

2003-04 Fiscal Year.    The State’s current fiscal year began on April 1, 2003 and ends on March 31, 2004. On March 31, 2003, the State Legislature enacted appropriations for all State-supported, contingent contractual, and certain other debt service obligations for the entire 2003-04 fiscal year. On May 2, 2003, the Legislature completed action on the remaining appropriations and accompanying legislation constituting the budget for the 2003-04 fiscal year. The Governor vetoed substantial portions of the budget revisions enacted by the Legislature, but the Legislature overrode the vetoes on May 15, 2003. Accordingly, DOB issued the Enacted Budget Financial Plan on May 28, 2003 that reflected final action on the 2003-04 State Budget by the Legislature.

 

The 2003-04 Executive Budget reflected recommendations to close a combined 2002-03 and 2003-04 budget gap of over $11.5 billion. These recommendations included savings from spending restraint of $6.3 billion, tobacco securitization proceeds of $3.8 billion, and revenue/fee increases of $1.4 billion. The State has released its Annual Financial Information Statement, dated May 30, 2003 (the “AIS”), which reflects the Enacted Budget and other changes to its financial plan projections, and its second quarterly update to the AIS, dated October 30, 2003 (the “October Update”). The 2003-04 Financial Plan, as updated in the October Update, projects balance on a cash basis for the 2003-04 fiscal year, with a General Fund closing balance of $730 million. General Fund disbursements, including transfers to other funds, are projected to total $42.45 billion for 2003-04. In addition, the October Update stated that there were potential budget gaps of between $5 billion and $6 billion for the 2004-05 fiscal year and $8 billion for the 2005-06 fiscal year.

 

The October Update identifies a number of risks, including costs that could materialize as a result of adverse rulings in pending litigation, increased school aid funding related to recent court rulings, future collective bargaining agreements with State employee unions and federal disallowances or other federal actions that could produce adverse effects on the State’s projections of receipts and disbursements, as well as risks relating to the national and local economies, including a weak labor market and volatility of the financial markets.

 

Legislation enacted with the 2003-04 Budget relating to the Local Government Assistance Corporation (“LGAC”) and NYC MAC intends that the State assume responsibility for debt service payments on the remaining $2.5 billion in outstanding NYC MAC bonds. Thirty annual payments of $170 million from sales tax receipts dedicated to LGAC are authorized to be pledged to a New York City-created public benefit corporation (“STAR Corp.”) allowing the maturity of the debt to be extended through 2034, well beyond the original 2008 maturity of the outstanding NYC MAC debt. The State and LGAC brought suit against the City and the STAR Corp. challenging the constitutionality of the legislation and seeking to prevent the issuance of bonds by STAR Corp. By decision and order dated September 17, 2003, the State Supreme Court held that the legislation was constitutional. The State and LGAC appealed from the decision and order to the Appellate Division, Third Department. By decision and order entered August 27, 2003, the Appellate Division, Third Department, granted the City’s and STAR Corp.’s motion for summary judgment and issued a preliminary injunction preventing STAR Corp. from issuing its bonds pending the plaintiffs’ appeal of that decision.

 

Special Considerations.    Many complex political, social, and economic forces influence the State’s economy and finances, which may in turn affect the State’s Financial Plan. These forces may affect the State unpredictably from fiscal year to fiscal year and are influenced by governments, institutions, and events that are not subject to the State’s control. The Financial Plan is also necessarily based upon forecasts of national and

 

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State economic activity. Economic forecasts have frequently failed to predict accurately the timing and magnitude of changes in the national and State economies. DOB believes that its current estimates related to the performance of the State and national economies are reasonable. However, there can be no assurance that actual results will not differ materially and adversely from the current forecast.

 

Based on current projections, the 2003-04 Financial Plan depends in part on the implementation of a fiscal management plan to maintain budget balance in the current fiscal year. The plan currently under development by DOB is expected to contain a range of actions that can be implemented administratively, as well as proposals that may require legislative approval. The fiscal management plan will also integrate savings from the Federal aid package enacted by Congress on May 23, 2003. DOB estimates the Federal package will provide the State and localities a total of $2.1 billion in fiscal relief over the next two State fiscal years, consisting of a temporary 2.95 percent increase in the Federal matching rate for State Medicaid expenditures (valued at $1.5 billion) and unrestricted aid payments (valued at $645 million). The Federal aid is expected to seek to enhance the State’s flexibility in preparing the fiscal management plan and maintaining a balanced budget in the 2003-04 fiscal year. DOB expects to incorporate the fiscal management plan into the Financial Plan projections by the release of the First Quarterly Update to the Financial Plan.

 

The Executive is reviewing legal questions surrounding certain actions taken by the Legislature in enacting the 2003-04 budget. The State Constitution provides that the Legislature may not alter an appropriation bill submitted by the Governor except to strike out or reduce items, or to add appropriations that are stated separately and distinctly from the original appropriations. A number of court cases have interpreted and clarified the Legislature’s powers to act on the appropriations contained in the Executive Budget. In light of the provisions of the State Constitution and existing case law, the Executive believes that the Legislature, in enacting changes to the Governor’s Executive Budget for 2003-04, may have acted in a manner that violates State constitutional and statutory requirements.

 

Labor contracts between the State and most State employee unions expired on March 31, 2003 and collective bargaining negotiations are ongoing. The Financial Plan contains no reserves to finance potential new costs related to any new labor agreements. DOB projects that every one percent increase in salaries for all State employees would result in a General Fund Financial Plan cost of approximately $80 million.

 

DOB expects the State’s cash flow position to experience pressure in the first quarter of the 2004-05 fiscal year. A number of administrative options are available to DOB to manage General Fund cash flow needs during any fiscal year. The State is prohibited from issuing seasonal notes in the public credit markets to finance cash flow needs, unless the State satisfies certain restrictive conditions imposed under the LGAC statute and related bond covenants. For a discussion of the LGAC restrictions, see the section entitled “Debt and Other Financing Activities—Local Government Assistance Corporation” in the AIS.

 

An ongoing risk to the Financial Plan arises from the potential impact of certain litigation and Federal disallowances now pending against the. State, which could produce adverse effects on the State’s projections of receipts and disbursements. For example, the Federal government has issued a draft disallowance for certain claims, and deferred the payment of other claims, submitted by school districts related to school supportive health services. It is unclear at this time what impact, if any, such disallowances may have on the State Financial Plan in the current year or in the future. For an update on the status of certain litigation and claims, see the section entitled “Special Considerations” in the October Update.

 

The Financial Plan assumes no significant Federal disallowances or other Federal actions that could adversely affect State finances.

 

In the past, the State has taken management actions to address potential financial plan shortfalls, and DOB believes it could take similar actions should adverse variances occur in its projections for the current fiscal year. To help guard against such risks, the State is maintaining a total of $730 million in General Fund reserves, after implementation of the fiscal management plan.

 

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Prior Fiscal Years.    In the revised 2002-03 Financial Plan dated February 28, 2003 (the “February Financial Plan”), the State projected a 2002-03 budgetary imbalance of $2.4 billion in the General Fund attributable primarily to a projected revenue shortfall of $2.2 billion. The State achieved $700 million in administrative savings during the year to reduce the imbalance to $1.7 billion. To help close the remaining projected 2002-03 imbalance, improve the State’s cash flow position, and reduce the projected budget gaps in 2003-04 and 2004-05, the Governor proposed selling a portion of the State’s future share of tobacco settlement payments to a statutorily created, bankruptcy-remote corporation. However, the State Legislature did not enact legislation authorizing the tobacco settlement sale during 2002-03. Therefore, to eliminate the remaining $1.7 billion imbalance in 2002-03 and maintain reserves at a level consistent with the February Financial Plan, the State implemented a contingency plan in which it deferred $1.9 billion in planned spending to 2003-04.

 

After these actions, the State ended the 2002-03 fiscal year with available General Fund cash resources of $1.01 billion. The General Fund cash balance at year-end totaled $815 million and the refund reserve account had $200 million in resources not budgeted for other purposes. The General Fund balance was comprised of $710 million in the Tax Stabilization Reserve Fund (“TSRF”), $20 million in the Contingency Reserve Fund (“CRF”) to pay costs related to litigation against the State, and $85 million in the Community Projects Fund, which pays primarily for legislative “member items.”

 

The closing balance excluded amounts on deposit in the refund reserve account. The State ended the 2002-03 fiscal year with $627 million on deposit in the refund reserve account, an increase of $200 million above budgeted levels. The refund reserve account is used to pay for tax refunds across fiscal years and to help accomplish other Financial Plan objectives, including the movement of resources from one year to the next. Changes to the refund reserve affect the level of reported personal income tax receipts.

 

General Fund receipts and transfers from other funds totaled $37.4 billion in 2002-03, a decrease of $2.3 billion from the February Financial Plan forecast. The February Financial Plan had counted on $1.9 billion in revenues from the tobacco settlement sale. General Fund disbursements and transfers to other funds totaled $37.6 billion, a decrease of $2.2 billion from the February Financial Plan. The substantial decline resulted from the deferral of $1.9 billion in payments originally scheduled for 2002-03 and $253 million in one-time savings. After adjusting for the payment deferrals, General Fund disbursements would have totaled $39.5 billion in 2002-03 (a decrease of $1.7 billion or 4 percent from 2001-02 results).

 

The State ended its 2001-02 fiscal year on March 31, 2002 in balance on a cash basis. There was no General Fund surplus reported by DOB. After year-end adjustments related to the refund reserve account, the closing balance in the General Fund was $1.03 billion, a decrease of $67 million from the 2000-01 fiscal year. Of this balance, $710 million was held in the Tax Stabilization Reserve Fund (TSRF) (after a deposit of $83 million in fiscal year 2001-02), $157 million in the Contingency Reserve Fund (CRF), $159 million in the Community Projects Fund (CPF), and $5 million in the Universal Pre-kindergarten Fund. The closing fund balance excludes $1.68 billion on deposit in the refund reserve account at the end of the 2001-02 fiscal year.

 

The State ended its 2000-01 fiscal year on March 31, 2001 in balance on a cash basis with a General Fund surplus of $2.73 billion as reported by DOB. After year-end adjustments described below, the closing balance in the General Fund was $1.10 billion, a decrease of $69 million from the 1999-2000 fiscal year. This unofficial document printed from the NYS Division of Budget website is for informational purposes only and is not intended for use in an official statement. Annual Information Statement May 30, 2003 fiscal year. Of this balance, $627 million was held in the Tax Stabilization Reserve Fund (TSRF) (after a deposit of $80 million in fiscal year 2000-01), $150 million in the Contingency Reserve Fund (CRF), $292 million in the Community Projects Fund (CPF), and $29 million in the Universal Pre-Kindergarten Fund.

 

State Retirement Systems.    The New York State and Local Retirement Systems (the “Systems”) provide coverage for public employees of the State and its localities (except employees of New York City and teachers, who are covered by separate plans). The Systems comprise the New York State and Local Employees Retirement

 

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System and the New York State and Local Police and Fire Retirement System. The Comptroller is the administrative head of the Systems. State employees made up about 34 percent of the membership during the 2002-03 fiscal year. There were 2,818 other public employers participating in the Systems, including all cities and counties (except New York City), most towns, villages and school districts (with respect to non-teaching employees) and a large number of local authorities of the State.

 

As of March 31, 2003, 650,543 persons were members and 313,597 pensioners or beneficiaries were receiving benefits. The State Constitution considers membership in any State pension or retirement system to be a contractual relationship, the benefits of which shall not be diminished or impaired. Members cannot be required to begin making contributions or make increased contributions beyond what was required when membership began.

 

Assets and Liabilities.    Assets are held exclusively for the benefit of members, pensioners and beneficiaries. Investments for the Systems are made by the Comptroller as trustee of the Common Retirement Fund, a pooled investment vehicle. The Office of State Comptroller (“OSC”) reports the net assets available for benefits as of March 31, 2003 were $97.4 billion (including $2.3 billion in receivables), a decline of $15.3 billion or 13.6 percent from the 2001-02 level of $112.7 billion, reflecting, in large part, equity market performance. OSC reports that the present value of anticipated benefits for current members, retirees, and beneficiaries as of March 31, 2003 was $130.5 billion (including $46.1 billion for current retirees and beneficiaries), an increase of $3.5 billion or 2.8 percent from the 2001-02 level of $127 billion. The funding method used by the Systems anticipates that the net assets, plus future actuarially determined contributions, will be sufficient to pay for the anticipated benefits of current members, retirees and beneficiaries. Actuarially determined contributions are calculated using actuarial assets and the present value of anticipated benefits. Actuarial assets differ from net assets in that they are calculated using a five-year smoothing method for valuing equity investments and using amortized cost instead of market value for bonds and mortgages. Actuarial assets decreased from $125.2 billion in 2002 to $106.7 billion on March 31, 2003.

 

Local Government Assistance Corporation.    In 1990, as part of a State fiscal reform program, legislation was enacted creating the LGAC, a public benefit corporation empowered to issue long term obligations to fund certain payments to local governments traditionally funded through the State’s annual seasonal borrowing. The legislation imposed a limitation on the annual seasonal borrowing of the State, except in cases where the Governor and the legislative leaders have certified the need for additional seasonal borrowing, based on emergency or extraordinary factors or factors unanticipated at the time of adoption of the budget, and provided a schedule for eliminating it over time. Any seasonal borrowing is required by law to be eliminated by the fourth year after the limit was first exceeded (i.e., no tax and revenue anticipation note seasonal borrowing in the fifth year). This provision limiting the State’s seasonal borrowing practices was included as a covenant with LGAC’s bondholders in the resolution authorizing such bonds. As of June 1995, LGAC had issued bonds and notes to provide net proceeds of $4.7 billion, completing the program. The impact of the LGAC, as well as other changes in revenue and spending patterns, is that the State has been able to meet its cash flow needs throughout the fiscal year without relying on short term seasonal borrowings.

 

Financing Activities.    Financing activities of the State include general obligation debt and State-guaranteed debt, to which the full faith and credit of the State has been pledged, as well as lease-purchase and contractual-obligation financings, moral obligation and other financings through public authorities and municipalities, where the State’s legal obligation to make payments to those public authorities and municipalities for their debt service is subject to annual appropriation by the State Legislature.

 

As of March 3l, 2003, the total amount of outstanding general obligation debt was approximately $4.0 billion.

 

The Debt Reform Act of 2000, which applies to all new State-supported debt issued on and after April 1, 2000, imposes phased-in caps on new debt outstanding and new debt service costs. The cap on new State-

 

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supported debt outstanding began at 0.75 percent of personal income in 2000-01 and will gradually increase until it is fully phased in at 4 percent of personal income in 2010-11. Similarly, the cap on new State-supported debt service costs began at 0.75 percent of total governmental funds receipts in 2000-01 and will gradually increase until it is fully phased in at 5 percent in 2013-14.

 

The Debt Reform Act requires that the imitations on the issuance of State-supported debt and debt service costs be calculated by October 31 of each year and reported in the quarterly Financial Plan Update most proximate to such date. If the calculations for new State-supported debt outstanding and debt service costs are less than the State-supported debt outstanding and debt service costs permitted under the Debt Reform Act, new State-supported debt may continue to be issued. However, if either the debt outstanding or the debt service cap is met or exceeded, the State would be precluded from contracting new State-supported debt until the next annual cap calculation is made and State-supported debt is found to be within the appropriate limitations. The prohibition on issuing new State-supported debt if the caps are met or exceeded provides an incentive to treat the debt caps as absolute limits that should not be reached, and therefore DOB intends to manage subsequent capital plans and issuance schedules under these limits.

 

Pursuant to the provisions of the Debt Reform Act, the most recent annual calculation of the limitations imposed by the Debt Reform Act was reported in the Financial Plan Update most proximate to October 31, 2003. On October 30, 2003, the State reported that it was in compliance with both debt caps, with debt issued after March 31, 2000 and then outstanding at 1.21 percent of personal income and debt service on such debt at 0.52 percent of total governmental receipts compared to the caps of 1.25 percent each. DOB expects that debt outstanding and debt service costs for the 2003-04 fiscal year will also be within the statutory caps.

 

Public Authorities—General.    As of December 31, 2002, there were 17 public authorities that had outstanding debt of $100 million or more, and the aggregate outstanding debt, including refunding bonds, of these State public authorities was $104.7 billion, only a portion of which constitutes State-supported or State-related debt.

 

Litigation.    Adverse developments in legal proceedings or the initiation of new proceedings could affect the ability of the State to maintain a balanced 2003-2004 State financial plan. There can be no assurance that adverse decisions in legal proceedings against the State would not exceed the amount of all potential 2003-04 State financial plan resources available for the payment of judgments, and could therefore affect the ability of the State to maintain a balanced 2003-04 State financial plan. The General Purpose Financial Statements for the 2002-2003 fiscal year reported probable, awarded and anticipated unfavorable judgments against the State. For a description of such judgments, see the section entitled “GAAP-Basis Results for Prior Fiscal Years” in the October Update.

 

Other Localities.    Certain localities outside the City have experienced financial problems and have requested and. received additional State assistance during the last several State fiscal years. The potential impact oil the State of any future requests by localities for additional oversight or financial assistance is not included in the projections of the State’s receipts and disbursements for the State’s 2003-04 fiscal year or thereafter.

 

Grants to Local Governments (also known as local assistance) include financial aid to local governments and non-profit organizations, as well as entitlement payments to individuals. The largest shares of spending in local assistance are for aid to public schools (44 percent) and for the State’s share of Medicaid payments to medical providers (22 percent). Spending for mental hygiene programs (6 percent), higher education programs (5 percent), welfare assistance (4 percent), and children and families services (4 percent) represent the next largest areas of local aid.

 

Higher spending in local assistance of $1.09 billion (4.1 percent) in 2003-04 over the 2002-03 fiscal year is primarily attributable to welfare assistance programs ($582 million), Medicaid ($130 million), additional spending for legislative member items ($250 million) and various other local assistance programs.

 

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