Our credit, market, foreign currency and interest rate risk management policies are described in Note 15, Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measures of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.


	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Assets:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	357	$	291
Available for sale investments	1,160		1,523
Interest rate swap agreements	230		38
Cross currency swap agreements	10		51
Liabilities:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	$	34	$	21
Interest rate swap agreements	—		13

The foreign currency exchange contracts, interest rate swap agreements, and cross currency swap agreements are valued using broker quotations, or market transactions in either the listed or over-the-counter markets. As such, these derivative instruments are classified within level 2. The Company also holds investments in commercial paper, certificates of deposits, and time deposits that are designated as available for sale and are valued using published prices based off observable market data. As such, these investments are classified within level 2. The Company also holds available for sale investments in U.S. government and corporate debt securities valued utilizing published prices based on quoted market pricing, which are classified within level 1.

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts and notes receivables, payables, commercial paper (of which $694 million and $3,513 million was Euro denominated as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively) and short-term borrowings approximates fair value.


	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Carrying Value		Fair Value		Carrying Value		Fair Value
Assets
Long-term receivables	$	148	$	143	$	129	$	127
Liabilities
Long-term debt and related current maturities	$	18,672	$	20,084	$	12,486	$	13,578


Line in the Consolidated Balance Sheet of Hedged Item	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Item				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Item
	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019		September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Long-term debt	$	4,180	$	3,975	$	230	$	25

The Company determined the fair value of the long-term receivables by utilizing transactions in the listed markets for identical or similar assets. As such, the fair value of these receivables is considered level 2. The Company determined the fair value of the long-term debt and related current maturities utilizing transactions in the listed markets for identical or similar liabilities. As such, the fair value of the long-term debt and related current maturities is considered level 2.

Interest rate swap agreements are designated as hedge relationships with gains or losses on the derivative recognized in Interest and other financial charges offsetting the gains and losses on the underlying debt being hedged. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized $13 million of expense and $206 million of gains in earnings on interest rate swap agreements. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized $55 million and $118 million of gains in earnings on interest rate swap agreements. Gains and losses are fully offset by losses and gains on the underlying debt being hedged.

The Company economically hedges its exposure to changes in foreign exchange rates principally with forward contracts. These contracts are marked-to-market with the resulting gains and losses recognized in earnings offsetting the gains and losses on the non-functional currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities being hedged. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized $136 million and $69 million of expense in Other (income) expense. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company recognized $182 million and $231 million of income in Other (income) expense. As of September 30, 2020, cash collateral received that has not been offset against our derivatives of $323 million was recorded in Accrued liabilities and Other assets.

The following tables summarize the location and impact to the Consolidated Statement of Operations related to fair value and cash flow hedging relationships:


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Revenue		Cost of Products Sold		Selling, General and Administrative Expenses		Other (Income) Expense		Interest and Other Financial Charges
	$	7,797	$	4,315	$	1,103	$	62	$	101
Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts:
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income	(1)		(1)		(1)		(35)		—
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings using an amortization approach	—		4		—		8		—
Gain or (loss) on fair value hedges:
Interest Rate Swap Agreements:
Hedged items	—		—		—		—		13
Derivatives designated as hedges	—		—		—		—		(13)


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Revenue		Cost of Products Sold		Selling, General and Administrative Expenses		Other (Income) Expense		Interest and Other Financial Charges
	$	9,086	$	4,775	$	1,296	$	(311)	$	96
Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts:
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income	1		9		—		53		—
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings using an amortization approach	—		6		—		9		—
Gain or (loss) on fair value hedges:
Interest Rate Swap Agreements:
Hedged items	—		—		—		—		(55)
Derivatives designated as hedges	—		—		—		—		55


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Revenue		Cost of Products Sold		Selling, General and Administrative Expenses		Other (Income) Expense	Interest and Other Financial Charges
	$	23,737	$	12,852	$	3,524	(546)	$	264
Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Foreign currency exchange contracts:
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income	(2)		29		(4)		(37)	—
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings using an amortization approach	—		12		—		25	—
Gain or (loss) on fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap agreements:
Hedged items	—		—		—		—	(206)
Derivatives designated as hedges	—		—		—		—	206


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Revenue		Cost of Products Sold		Selling, General and Administrative Expenses		Other (Income) Expense		Interest and Other Financial Charges
	$	27,213	$	14,244	$	4,046	$	(901)	$	266
Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Foreign currency exchange contracts:
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income	2		33		1		77		—
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing recognized in earnings using an amortization approach	—		17		—		27		—
Gain or (loss) on fair value hedges:
Interest rate swap agreements:
Hedged items	—		—		—		—		(118)
Derivatives designated as hedges	—		—		—		—		118


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Derivatives Net Investment Hedging Relationships	2020		2019		2020		2019
Euro-denominated long-term debt	$	(126)	$	131	$	(64)	$	157
Euro-denominated commercial paper	(25)		136		30		163
Cross currency swap	(42)		39		(61)		44
Foreign currency exchange contracts	(28)		23		(46)		28