28.1 Real estate held for own use and equipment


Total real estate held for own use and equipment	2022		2021
General account real estate held for own use		73		185
Equipment		251		270
At December 31		324		455


General account real estate held for own use	2022		2021
Net book value
At January 1	185		209
Additions	-		-
Capitalized subsequent expenditure	1		7
Disposals	(32	)	-
Transfer to investments in real estate	(5	)	(14	)
Unrealized gains/(losses) through equity	(1	)	(4	)
Realized gains/(losses) through income statement	(0	)	-
Depreciation through income statement	(4	)	(5	)
Impairment losses	(0	)	(13	)
Net exchange differences	4		5
Transfers from disposal groups	(76	)	-
Other	1		-
At December 31	73		185

Gross carrying value	95		218
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses	(23	)	(33	)
Net book value	73		185

General account real estate held for own use:
Carrying amount under a historical cost model	72		165
% of real estate appraised in the current year	7	%	50	%
% of appraisals performed by independent external appraisers	100	%	100	%

The decrease in Real estate held for own use and equipment in 2022 is mainly the result of the classification of Aegon the Netherlands as held for sale and discontinued operations, refer to note 51 Discontinued operations.

General account real estate held for own use has not been pledged as security for liabilities, nor are there any restrictions on title. Depreciation expenses are recorded in Commissions and expenses in the income statement. The useful lives of buildings range between 40 and 50 years.


Equipment	2022		2021
Net book value
At January 1	270		263
Additions	72		69
Disposals	(5	)	(2	)
Depreciation through income statement	(71	)	(71	)
Impairment losses	(2	)	(4	)
Net exchange differences	13		16
Transfers to disposal groups	(27	)	-
Other	2		(1	)
At December 31	251		270

Gross carrying value	636		679
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses	(386	)	(409	)
Net book value	251		270

None of the equipment is held for lease (2021: none). Equipment has not been pledged as security for liabilities, nor are there any restrictions on title. Depreciation expenses have been recorded in Commissions and expenses in the income statement. Equipment is generally depreciated over a period of three to five years.

28.2 Receivables


	2022		2021
Loans to associates	8		8
Receivables from policyholders	647		691
Receivables from brokers and agents	376		310
Receivables from reinsurers	723		750
Cash outstanding from assets sold	134		160
Trade receivables	881		1,393
Cash collateral	3,372		314
Income tax receivable	277		229
Other	2,597		1,885
Provision for doubtful debts	(134	)	(120	)
At December 31	8,880		5,622

Current	8,866		5,600
Non-current	13		21

With the exception of receivables from reinsurers, the receivables balances presented above are mostly not externally rated.

The increase in cash collateral at December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021 is mainly the result of increased interest rates in 2022.

The movements in the provision for doubtful debts during the year were as follows:


	2022		2021
At January 1	(120	)	(88	)
Additions charged to earnings	(19	)	(33	)
Unused amounts reversed through the income statement	3		5
Disposal of business	3		-
Used during the year	2		3
Transfers to disposal groups	4		-
Net exchange differences	(6	)	(6	)
At December 31	(134	)	(120	)

28.3 Accrued income


	2022	2021
Accrued interest	842	1,363
Other	1	3
At December 31	843	1,366

Current	842	1,366
Non-current	-	-

28.4

Right-of-use

assets


	Real estate for
	own use			Equipment			Other			Total
Net book value
At January 1, 2022		182			14			3			199
Additions		24			10			1			34
Disposals		(8	)		-			-			(8	)
Modification of lease contracts		3			-			-			3
Depreciation through income statement		(29	)		(10	)		(1	)		(41	)
Transfers from disposal groups		(28	)		-			-			(28	)
Net exchange differences		(2	)		1			(0	)		(2	)
Other		2			(0	)		(1	)		1
At December 31, 2022		143			14			1			158
Gross carrying value		256			35			4			295
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses		(113	)		(21	)		(3	)		(138	)
Net book value 2022		143			14			1			158

Net book value
At January 1, 2021		193			15			3			211
Additions		12			9			2			23
Disposals		(14	)		(0	)		-			(14	)
Modification of lease contracts		17			-			-			17
Depreciation through income statement		(36	)		(11	)		(2	)		(49	)
Net exchange differences		10			1			(1	)		10
At December 31, 2021		182			14			3			199

Gross carrying value		287			43			8			339
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses		(105	)		(29	)		(6	)		(140	)
Net book value 2021		182			14			3			199

Right-of-use

assets are mainly held by Aegon UK and Aegon Americas and they are mainly office buildings held for own use.

For information on the Lease liabilities and respective maturity analysis, please refer to note 41 Other liabilities and note 4 Financial risks, respectively.