XML 27 R17.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.5.0.2
Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
INCOME TAXES:
We recorded income tax expense of $87,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to $40,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2015. At June 30, 2016, we continue to have a valuation allowance recorded against all of our U.S. and Singapore based deferred tax assets. The valuation allowances may be reversed once our operations and outlook materially strengthen for an extended period of time. Income tax expense in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 includes minimal state income tax expense and foreign income tax expense incurred by our subsidiaries in the United Kingdom and China. Income tax expense in the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 also includes U.S. federal alternative minimum taxes.
We currently have significant deferred tax assets as a result of temporary differences between taxable income on our tax returns and U.S. GAAP income, research and development tax credit carry forwards and federal, state and foreign net operating loss carry forwards. A deferred tax asset generally represents future tax benefits to be received when temporary differences previously reported in our consolidated financial statements become deductible for income tax purposes, when net operating loss carry forwards are applied against future taxable income, or when tax credit carry forwards are utilized on our tax returns. We assess the realizability of our deferred tax assets and the need for a valuation allowance based on the guidance provided in current financial accounting standards.
Significant judgment is required in determining the realizability of our deferred tax assets. The assessment of whether valuation allowances are required considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of any current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, the duration of statutory carry forward periods, our experience with loss carry forwards not expiring unused and tax planning alternatives.
Even though we were profitable in the six months ended June 30, 2016, we concluded that a valuation allowance is still needed for all of our U.S. and Singapore based deferred tax assets due to our prior history of recurring losses. In analyzing the need for a valuation allowance, we first considered our history of cumulative operating results for income tax purposes over the past three years in each of the tax jurisdictions where we operate, our financial performance in recent quarters, statutory carry forward periods and tax planning alternatives. We also considered both our near and long-term financial outlook. After considering all available evidence both positive and negative, we concluded that a valuation allowance is needed for all of our U.S. and Singapore based deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.
Deferred tax assets at June 30, 2016 include net operating loss carry forwards incurred in the United Kingdom by CyberOptics Ltd., which was acquired in 1999. A valuation allowance has not been recorded against these deferred tax assets. The utilization of these net operating loss carry forwards is dependent on CyberOptics Ltd.’s ability to generate sufficient United Kingdom taxable income during a reasonable future period.
The Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore recently completed a review of our 2012 income tax return. The review did not result in payment of any additional tax or change in our taxable income.
During 2015, our wholly owned Singapore subsidiary repatriated approximately $3.6 million to our U.S.-based parent, of which approximately $1.9 million had been previously taxed. We were able to accomplish the repatriation without having to pay cash taxes given available U.S. net operating loss carryforwards. For this reason and given our current tax situation, we concluded that a one-time repatriation of funds was appropriate. It is our intention to permanently reinvest the remaining undistributed earnings of our international subsidiaries. Accordingly, we have not recorded the related deferred tax liability of approximately $2.4 million for U.S.-based income taxes on these earnings. If we were to change our position on permanent reinvestment of undistributed earnings of our international subsidiaries, it is anticipated that any such change would not have a significant impact on our financial position or results of operations. This assessment is based on the amount of remaining undistributed earnings of international subsidiaries and the size of our available U.S. net operating loss carryforwards.