Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Notes to Financial Statements

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cyanotech Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary, Nutrex Hawaii, Inc. (“Nutrex Hawaii” or “Nutrex”, collectively the “Company”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosures of any contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods reported.  Management reviews these estimates and assumptions periodically and reflects the effect of revisions in the period that they are determined to be necessary.  Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions.

Cash

Cash consists of cash on hand and cash in bank deposits.

Concentration Risk

A significant portion of revenue and accounts receivable are derived from a few major customers. For the three months ended December 31, 2021, two customers individually accounted for 22% and 21% of the Company’s total net sales, and for the three months ended December 31, 2020, two customers individually accounted for 18% and 19% of the Company’s total net sales. For the nine months ended December 31, 2021, two customers individually accounted for 21% and 18% of the Company’s total net sales, and for the nine months ended December 31, 2020, two customers individually accounted for 17% each of the Company’s total net sales. Two customers accounted for 67% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance as of December 31, 2021, and three customers accounted for 57% of the Company’s accounts receivable balance as of March 31, 2021.

Revenue Recognition

The Company records revenue based on the five-step model which includes: (1) identifying the contract with the customer; (2) identifying the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determining the transaction price; (4) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (5) recognizing revenue when the performance obligations are satisfied. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated by fulfilling orders for the purchase of our microalgal nutritional supplements to retailers, wholesalers, or direct to consumers via online channels, with each order considered to be a distinct performance obligation. These orders may be formal purchase orders, verbal phone orders, e-mail orders or orders received online. Shipping and handling activities for which the Company is responsible under the terms and conditions of the order are not accounted for as performance obligations but as fulfillment costs. These activities are required to fulfill the Company’s promise to transfer the goods and are expensed when revenue is recognized. 

Revenue is measured as the net amount of consideration expected to be received in exchange for fulfilling a performance obligation. The Company has elected to exclude sales, use and similar taxes from the measurement of the transaction price.  The amount of consideration expected to be received and revenue recognized includes estimates of variable consideration, which includes costs for trade promotion programs, coupons, returns and early payment discounts.  Such estimates are calculated using historical averages adjusted for any expected changes due to current business conditions and experience. The Company reviews and updates these estimates at the end of each reporting period and the impact of any adjustments are recognized in the period the adjustments are identified. In assessing whether collection of consideration from a customer is probable, the Company considers the customer's ability and intent to pay that amount of consideration when it is due. Payment of invoices is due as specified in the underlying customer agreement, typically 30 days from the invoice date, which occurs on the date of transfer of control of the products to the customer. Revenue is recognized at the point in time that control of the ordered products is transferred to the customer. Generally, this occurs when the product is delivered, or in some cases, picked up from one of the Company’s distribution centers by the customer. Revenue from extraction services is recognized when control is transferred upon completion of the extraction process.

Customer contract liabilities consist of customer deposits received in advance of fulfilling an order and are shown separately on the consolidated balance sheets. During the three months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized $6,000 and $0, respectively, of revenue from deposits that were included in contract liabilities as of March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During the nine months ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized $55,000 and $251,000, respectively, of revenue from deposits that were included in contract liabilities as of March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company’s contracts have a duration of one year or less and therefore, the Company has elected the practical expedient of not disclosing revenues allocated to partially unsatisfied performance obligations.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table represents revenue disaggregated by major product line and extraction services for the:

($ in thousands)	Three Months Ended December 31, 2021		Three Months Ended December 31, 2020
Packaged sales
Astaxanthin packaged	$	3,563	$	3,388
Spirulina packaged		1,612		1,659
Total packaged sales		5,175		5,047
Bulk sales
Astaxanthin bulk		1,128		291
Spirulina bulk		2,990		1,413
Total bulk sales		4,118		1,704
Contract extraction revenue		166		234
Total net sales	$	9,459	$	6,985

($ in thousands)	Nine Months Ended December 31, 2021		Nine Months Ended December 31, 2020
Packaged sales
Astaxanthin packaged	$	11,618	$	10,767
Spirulina packaged		6,150		5,626
Total packaged sales		17,768		16,393
Bulk sales
Astaxanthin bulk		2,041		1,173
Spirulina bulk		7,558		4,628
Total bulk sales		9,599		5,801
Contract extraction revenue		475		713
Total net sales	$	27,842	$	22,907

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” (“ASU 2019-12”), which as part of its Simplification Initiative to reduce the cost and complexity in accounting for income taxes, removes certain exceptions related to the approach for intra-period tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. ASU 2019-12 also amends other aspects of the guidance to help simplify and promote consistent application of GAAP. The guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 as of April 1, 2021 with no impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-18 – Collaborative Arrangements (“ASU 2018-18”), which clarifies that certain transactions between collaborative arrangement participants should be accounted for as revenue when the collaborative arrangement participant is a customer in the context of a unit of account and precludes recognizing as revenue consideration received from a collaborative arrangement participant if the participant is not a customer. This ASU requires retrospective adoption to the date the Company adopted ASC 606, April 1, 2018, by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings of the earliest annual period presented. The Company adopted ASU 2018-18 as of April 1, 2020 with no impact on its financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract” (“ASU No. 2018-15”), which aligns the capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the existing capitalization requirements for implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (Subtopic 350-40). The Company adopted ASU No. 2018-15 as of April 1, 2020 with no impact on its financial statements. 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement - Disclosure Framework (Topic 820)” (“ASU No. 2018-13”). The updated guidance improves the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements. The Company adopted this standard as of April 1, 2020, with no impact to its disclosures.