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OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Operating revenues      
Total Operating Revenues $ 8,781 $ 8,264 $ 7,894
Operating expenses      
Operating expenses, excluding fuel 5,840 5,685 5,239
Special items - merger-related costs 44 87 116
Economic fuel 1,878 1,936 1,447
Total Operating Expenses 7,718 7,621 6,686
Non-operating Income (Expense)      
Interest income 42 38 34
Interest expense (78) (91) (103)
Interest capitalized 15 18 17
Other - net (26) (23) 3
Nonoperating Income (Expense) Total (47) (58) (49)
Income (loss) before income tax 1,016 585 1,159
Depreciation 423 398 372
Total property and equipment additions (696) (960) (1,026)
Total assets 12,993 10,912  
Air Group Adjusted [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Total Operating Revenues [1] 8,781 8,264 7,894
Operating expenses      
Operating expenses, excluding fuel [1] 5,796 5,553 5,123
Economic fuel [1] 1,884 1,914 1,454
Total Operating Expenses [1] 7,680 7,467 6,577
Non-operating Income (Expense)      
Interest income 42 38 34
Interest expense (78) (91) (103)
Interest capitalized 15 18 17
Other - net (26) (23) 3
Nonoperating Income (Expense) Total [1] (47) (58) (49)
Income (loss) before income tax [1] 1,054 739 1,268
Horizon [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Total Operating Revenues 451 512 430
Operating expenses      
Operating expenses, excluding fuel 385 465 427
Economic fuel 0 0 0
Total Operating Expenses 385 465 427
Non-operating Income (Expense)      
Interest income 0 0 0
Interest expense (28) (22) (13)
Interest capitalized 0 2 2
Other - net 0 0 0
Nonoperating Income (Expense) Total (28) (20) (11)
Income (loss) before income tax 38 27 (8)
Depreciation 86 82 64
Total property and equipment additions (91) (389) (292)
Total assets 1,266 1,229  
Parent [Member]      
Non-operating Income (Expense)      
Total assets (7,480) (7,170)  
Intersegment Eliminations      
Operating revenues      
Total Operating Revenues (445) (508) (426)
Operating expenses      
Operating expenses, excluding fuel (464) (513) (427)
Economic fuel 0 0 0
Total Operating Expenses (464) (513) (427)
Non-operating Income (Expense)      
Interest income (24) (15) (5)
Interest expense 26 13 2
Interest capitalized 0 0 0
Other - net 0 0 0
Nonoperating Income (Expense) Total 2 (2) (3)
Income (loss) before income tax 21 3 (2)
Special Charges [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Total Operating Revenues [2] 0 0 0
Operating expenses      
Operating expenses, excluding fuel 44 132 [2] 116 [2]
Economic fuel (6) 22 [2] (7) [2]
Total Operating Expenses [2] 38 154 109
Non-operating Income (Expense)      
Interest income 0 0 0
Interest expense 0 0 0
Interest capitalized 0 0 0
Other - net 0 0 0
Nonoperating Income (Expense) Total [2] 0 0 0
Income (loss) before income tax [2] (38) (154) (109)
Alaska Mainline [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Total Operating Revenues 7,381 7,063 6,832
Operating expenses      
Operating expenses, excluding fuel 4,778 4,577 4,271
Economic fuel 1,589 1,652 1,282
Total Operating Expenses 6,367 6,229 5,553
Non-operating Income (Expense)      
Interest income 66 53 39
Interest expense (76) (82) (92)
Interest capitalized 15 16 15
Other - net (26) (12) 3
Nonoperating Income (Expense) Total (21) (25) (35)
Income (loss) before income tax 993 809 1,244
Depreciation [3] 337 316 308
Total property and equipment additions [3] (605) (571) (734)
Total assets [3] 19,207 16,853  
Alaska Regional [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Total Operating Revenues 1,394 1,197 1,058
Operating expenses      
Operating expenses, excluding fuel 1,097 1,024 852
Economic fuel 295 262 172
Total Operating Expenses 1,392 1,286 1,024
Non-operating Income (Expense)      
Interest income 0 0 0
Interest expense 0 0 0
Interest capitalized 0 0 0
Other - net 0 (11) 0
Nonoperating Income (Expense) Total 0 (11) 0
Income (loss) before income tax 2 (100) 34
Passenger Revenue [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 8,095 7,631 7,301
Passenger Revenue [Member] | Air Group Adjusted [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [1] 8,095 7,631 7,301
Passenger Revenue [Member] | Horizon [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 0 0 0
Passenger Revenue [Member] | Intersegment Eliminations      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 0 0 0
Passenger Revenue [Member] | Special Charges [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [2] 0 0 0
Passenger Revenue [Member] | Alaska Mainline [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 6,750 6,474 6,278
Passenger Revenue [Member] | Alaska Regional [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 1,345 1,157 1,023
Capacity Purchase Agreements [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 0 0 0
Capacity Purchase Agreements [Member] | Air Group Adjusted [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [1] 0 0 0
Capacity Purchase Agreements [Member] | Horizon [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 450 508 426
Capacity Purchase Agreements [Member] | Intersegment Eliminations      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax (450) (508) (426)
Capacity Purchase Agreements [Member] | Special Charges [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [2] 0 0 0
Capacity Purchase Agreements [Member] | Alaska Mainline [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 0 0 0
Capacity Purchase Agreements [Member] | Alaska Regional [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 0 0 0
Mileage Plan Services, Other [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 465 434 418
Mileage Plan Services, Other [Member] | Air Group Adjusted [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [1] 465 434 418
Mileage Plan Services, Other [Member] | Horizon [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 0 0 0
Mileage Plan Services, Other [Member] | Intersegment Eliminations      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 0 0 0
Mileage Plan Services, Other [Member] | Special Charges [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [2] 0 0 0
Mileage Plan Services, Other [Member] | Alaska Mainline [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 419 397 387
Mileage Plan Services, Other [Member] | Alaska Regional [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 46 37 31
Cargo and Freight [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 221 199 175
Cargo and Freight [Member] | Air Group Adjusted [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [1] 221 199 175
Cargo and Freight [Member] | Horizon [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 1 4 4
Cargo and Freight [Member] | Intersegment Eliminations      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 5 0 0
Cargo and Freight [Member] | Special Charges [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [2] 0 0 0
Cargo and Freight [Member] | Alaska Mainline [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax 212 192 167
Cargo and Freight [Member] | Alaska Regional [Member]      
Operating revenues      
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax $ 3 $ 3 $ 4
[1]
Year Ended December 31, 2017
MainlineRegionalHorizon
Consolidating & Other(a)
Air Group Adjusted(b)
Special Items(c)
Consolidated
Operating Revenues   
Passenger revenues6,278  1,023  —  —  7,301  —  7,301  
CPA revenues—  —  426  (426) —  —  —  
Mileage Plan other revenue387  31  —  —  418  —  418  
Cargo and other167    —  175  —  175  
Total Operating Revenues6,832  1,058  430  (426) 7,894  —  7,894  
Operating Expenses
Non-fuel operating expenses4,271  852  427  (427) 5,123  116  5,239  
Fuel expense1,282  172  —  —  1,454  (7) 1,447  
Total Operating Expenses5,553  1,024  427  (427) 6,577  109  6,686  
Non-operating Income (Expense)
Interest income39  —  —  (5) 34  —  34  
Interest expense(92) —  (13)  (103) —  (103) 
Interest capitalized15  —   —  17  —  17  
Other —  —  —   —   
Total Non-operating Income (Expense)(35) —  (11) (3) (49) —  (49) 
Income (Loss) Before Income Tax$1,244  $34  $(8) $(2) $1,268  $(109) $1,159  
[2]
Year Ended December 31, 2017
MainlineRegionalHorizon
Consolidating & Other(a)
Air Group Adjusted(b)
Special Items(c)
Consolidated
Operating Revenues   
Passenger revenues6,278  1,023  —  —  7,301  —  7,301  
CPA revenues—  —  426  (426) —  —  —  
Mileage Plan other revenue387  31  —  —  418  —  418  
Cargo and other167    —  175  —  175  
Total Operating Revenues6,832  1,058  430  (426) 7,894  —  7,894  
Operating Expenses
Non-fuel operating expenses4,271  852  427  (427) 5,123  116  5,239  
Fuel expense1,282  172  —  —  1,454  (7) 1,447  
Total Operating Expenses5,553  1,024  427  (427) 6,577  109  6,686  
Non-operating Income (Expense)
Interest income39  —  —  (5) 34  —  34  
Interest expense(92) —  (13)  (103) —  (103) 
Interest capitalized15  —   —  17  —  17  
Other —  —  —   —   
Total Non-operating Income (Expense)(35) —  (11) (3) (49) —  (49) 
Income (Loss) Before Income Tax$1,244  $34  $(8) $(2) $1,268  $(109) $1,159  
[3] INCOME TAXES
Deferred Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and such amounts for tax purposes. The Company has a net deferred tax liability, primarily due to differences in depreciation rates for federal income tax purposes and for financial reporting purposes.
Deferred tax (assets) and liabilities comprise the following (in millions):
 20192018
Excess of tax over book depreciation$1,233  $1,066  
Intangibles - net16  15  
Operating lease liabilities416  —  
Other - net58  43  
Deferred tax liabilities1,723  1,124  
Mileage Plan™(337) (315) 
Inventory obsolescence(15) (15) 
Employee benefits(179) (172) 
Acquired net operating losses(13) (64) 
Operating lease assets(417) —  
Other - net(48) (48) 
Deferred tax assets(1,009) (614) 
Valuation allowance  
Net deferred tax liabilities$715  $512  

At December 31, 2019, the Company had federal NOLs of approximately $45 million that expire beginning in 2032 and continuing through 2036, and state NOLs of approximately $55 million that expire beginning in 2029 and continuing through 2036.

Virgin America experienced multiple “ownership changes” as defined in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), the most recent being its acquisition by the Company. Section 382 of the Code imposes an annual limitation on the utilization of pre-ownership change NOLs. Any unused annual limitation may, subject to certain limits, be carried over to later years. The combined Company’s ability to use the NOLs will also depend on the amount of taxable income generated in future periods.

Valuation allowances are provided to reduce the related deferred income tax assets to an amount which will, more likely than not, be realized. The valuation allowance was not material at both December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

Components of Income Tax Expense

The components of income tax expense are as follows (in millions): 
 201920182017
Current income tax expense (benefit):   
Federal$26  $(5) $127  
State13   35  
Total current income tax expense39   162  
Deferred income tax expense (benefit):         
Federal175  125  (3) 
State33  19  40  
Total deferred income tax expense (benefit)208  144  37  
Income tax expense$247  $148  $199  
Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

Income tax expense reconciles to the amount computed by applying the 2019 U.S. federal rate of 21% to income before income tax and for deferred taxes as follows (in millions):
 
 201920182017
Income before income tax$1,016  $585  $1,159  
Expected tax expense213  123  406  
Nondeductible expenses   
State income taxes36  21  28  
State income sourcing —   
Tax law changes(9) (7) (237) 
Other - net(3)  (12) 
Actual tax expense$247  $148  $199  
Effective tax rate24.3 %25.3 %17.2 %
 
As a result of the ASC 606 full retrospective adoption, 2017 tax expense increased by $26 million.

As a result of tax changes signed into law during 2017, with final regulations issued in 2019, the Company recorded a deferred tax benefit of $9 million in the current year.

In 2017, adjustments were made to the Company's position on income sourcing in various states due to updated guidance from state taxing authorities. The impact of this guidance is reflected as an increase in income tax expense of approximately $9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Uncertain Tax Positions

The Company has identified its federal tax return and its state tax returns in Alaska, Oregon and California as “major” tax jurisdictions.  A summary of the Company's jurisdictions and the periods that are subject to examination are as follows:
JurisdictionPeriod
Federal2007 to 2018
Alaska2015 to 2018
California2007 to 2018
Oregon2003 to 2018

Certain tax years are open to the extent of net operating loss carryforwards.

Changes in the liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits during 2019, 2018 and 2017 are as follows (in millions):
201920182017
Balance at January 1,$40  $43  $40  
Additions related to prior years—   16  
Releases related to prior years(1) (4) (2) 
Additions related to current year activity   
Releases due to settlements—  (1) (11) 
Releases due to lapse of statute of limitations(1) (1) (2) 
Balance at December 31,$40  $40  $43  

As of December 31, 2019, the Company had $40 million of accrued tax contingencies, of which $34 million, if fully recognized, would decrease the effective tax rate. As of December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company has accrued interest and penalties, net of federal income tax benefit, of $7 million, $6 million, and $5 million. In 2019, 2018, and 2017, the
Company recognized an expense of $1 million, $1 million, and $2 million for interest and penalties, net of federal income tax benefit. At December 31, 2019, the Company has unrecognized tax benefits recorded as a liability and some reducing deferred tax assets. The Company's reserves for uncertain tax positions is unchanged in 2019 after statute lapses on reserves and current year activity. These uncertain tax positions could change as a result of the Company's ongoing audits, settlement of issues, new audits and status of other taxpayer court cases. The Company cannot predict the timing of these actions. Due to the positions being taken in various jurisdictions, the amounts currently accrued are the Company's best estimate as of December 31, 2019.