Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

Leases

Lease Income

The following table summarizes the Company’s lease income, excluding discontinued operations (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Fixed income from operating leases	$	1,087,683	$	943,638	$	853,545
Variable income from operating leases	290,701		238,470		215,957
Interest income from direct financing leases	8,702		9,720		16,666

Direct Financing Leases

Net investment in DFLs consists of the following (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2021		2020
Present value of minimum lease payments receivable	$	1,220	$	9,804
Present value of estimated residual value	44,706		44,706
Less deferred selling profits	(1,220)		(9,804)
Net investment in direct financing leases	$	44,706	$	44,706

Direct Financing Lease Internal Ratings

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had one hospital under a DFL with a carrying amount of $45 million and an internal rating of “performing”.

2020 Direct Financing Lease Sale

During the first quarter of 2020, the Company sold a hospital under a DFL for $82 million and recognized a gain on sale of $42 million, which is included in other income (expense), net.

2019 Direct Financing Lease Sale

During the second quarter of 2019, the Company entered into agreements to sell 13 senior housing facilities under DFLs (the “DFL Sale Portfolio”) for $274 million. Upon entering into the agreements, the Company recognized an allowance for DFL losses and related impairment charge of $10 million (recognized in income (loss) from discontinued operations) to write-down the carrying value of the DFL Sale Portfolio to its fair value. The fair value of the DFL Sale Portfolio was based upon the agreed upon sale price, less estimated costs to sell, which was considered to be a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. In conjunction with the entering into agreements to sell the DFL Sale Portfolio, the Company placed the portfolio on nonaccrual status and began recognizing income equal to the amount of cash received.

The Company completed the sale of the DFL Sale Portfolio in September 2019.

For the DFL Sale Portfolio, during the year ended December 31, 2019, income from DFLs was $17 million (recognized in income (loss) from discontinued operations) and cash payments received were $16 million.

2019 Direct Financing Lease Conversion

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company converted a DFL portfolio of 14 senior housing triple-net properties, previously on “Watch List” status, to a RIDEA structure, requiring the Company to recognize net assets equal to the lower of the net assets’ fair value or the carrying value of the net investment in the DFL. As a result, the Company derecognized the $351 million carrying value of the net investment in DFL related to the 14 properties and recognized a combination of net real estate ($331 million) and net intangibles assets ($20 million) for the same aggregate amount, with no gain or loss recognized. As a result of the transaction, the 14 properties were transferred from the senior housing triple-net segment to the SHOP segment during the first quarter of 2019.

Direct Financing Lease Receivable Maturities

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments contractually due under DFLs at December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2022	$	1,220
2023	—
2024	—
2025	—
2026	—
Thereafter	—
Undiscounted minimum lease payments receivable	1,220
Less: imputed interest	—
Present value of minimum lease payments receivable	$	1,220

Operating Leases

Future Minimum Rents

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments to be received from tenants under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2022	$	1,057,467
2023	1,041,053
2024	979,640
2025	892,348
2026	783,781
Thereafter	3,171,115
	$	7,925,404

Tenant Purchase Options

Certain leases, including DFLs, contain purchase options whereby the tenant may elect to acquire the underlying real estate. Annualized base rent from leases subject to purchase options, summarized by the year the purchase options are exercisable are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Year	Annualized Base Rent(1)		Number of Properties
2022	$	15,059	8
2023	1,191		1
2024	6,835		3
2025	12,564		16
2026	2,662		2
Thereafter	19,426		6
	$	57,737	36

_______________________________________

(1)Represents the most recent month’s base rent including additional rent floors and cash income from DFLs annualized for 12 months. Base rent does not include tenant recoveries, additional rents in excess of floors, and non-cash revenue adjustments (i.e., straight-line rents, amortization of market lease intangibles, DFL non-cash interest, and deferred revenues).

Lease Costs

The following tables provide information regarding the Company’s leases to which it is the lessee, such as corporate offices and ground leases, excluding lease costs related to assets classified as discontinued operations (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
Lease Expense Information:	2021		2020		2019
Total lease expense	$	14,442	$	13,601	$	11,852

Weighted Average Lease Term and Discount Rate:	December 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases(1)	52		57
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases	4.14	%	4.26	%

_______________________________________

(1)The weighted average remaining lease term including the Company’s options to extend its operating leases is 68 years as of December 31, 2021.

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable ground and other operating leases included in the Company’s lease liability as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2022	$	16,030
2023	13,438
2024	12,575
2025	11,471
2026	11,406
Thereafter	484,552
Undiscounted minimum lease payments included in the lease liability	549,472
Less: imputed interest	(344,925)
Present value of lease liability	$	204,547

Depreciation Expense

While the Company leases the majority of its property, plant, and equipment to various tenants under operating leases and DFLs, in certain situations, the Company owns and operates certain property, plant, and equipment for general corporate purposes. Corporate assets are recorded within other assets, net within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and depreciation expense for those assets is recorded in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Included within other assets, net as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 is $7 million and $6 million, respectively, of accumulated depreciation related to corporate assets. Included within general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 is $2 million of depreciation expense related to corporate assets.

Covid Rent Deferrals

During the second and third quarters of 2020, the Company agreed to defer rent from certain tenants in its life science and medical office segments that were impacted by Covid, with the requirement that all deferred rent be repaid by the end of 2020. Under this program, through December 31, 2020, approximately $6 million of rent was deferred for the medical office segment, all of which had been collected as of December 31, 2020. Additionally, through December 31, 2020, the Company granted approximately $1 million of rent deferrals to certain tenants in the life science segment that were impacted by Covid, all of which had been collected as of December 31, 2020.

No such deferrals were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021.

The rent deferrals granted do not impact the pattern of revenue recognition or amount of revenue recognized (refer to Note 2 for additional information).

Leases

Leases

Lease Income

The following table summarizes the Company’s lease income, excluding discontinued operations (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Fixed income from operating leases	$	1,087,683	$	943,638	$	853,545
Variable income from operating leases	290,701		238,470		215,957
Interest income from direct financing leases	8,702		9,720		16,666

Direct Financing Leases

Net investment in DFLs consists of the following (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2021		2020
Present value of minimum lease payments receivable	$	1,220	$	9,804
Present value of estimated residual value	44,706		44,706
Less deferred selling profits	(1,220)		(9,804)
Net investment in direct financing leases	$	44,706	$	44,706

Direct Financing Lease Internal Ratings

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had one hospital under a DFL with a carrying amount of $45 million and an internal rating of “performing”.

2020 Direct Financing Lease Sale

During the first quarter of 2020, the Company sold a hospital under a DFL for $82 million and recognized a gain on sale of $42 million, which is included in other income (expense), net.

2019 Direct Financing Lease Sale

During the second quarter of 2019, the Company entered into agreements to sell 13 senior housing facilities under DFLs (the “DFL Sale Portfolio”) for $274 million. Upon entering into the agreements, the Company recognized an allowance for DFL losses and related impairment charge of $10 million (recognized in income (loss) from discontinued operations) to write-down the carrying value of the DFL Sale Portfolio to its fair value. The fair value of the DFL Sale Portfolio was based upon the agreed upon sale price, less estimated costs to sell, which was considered to be a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. In conjunction with the entering into agreements to sell the DFL Sale Portfolio, the Company placed the portfolio on nonaccrual status and began recognizing income equal to the amount of cash received.

The Company completed the sale of the DFL Sale Portfolio in September 2019.

For the DFL Sale Portfolio, during the year ended December 31, 2019, income from DFLs was $17 million (recognized in income (loss) from discontinued operations) and cash payments received were $16 million.

2019 Direct Financing Lease Conversion

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company converted a DFL portfolio of 14 senior housing triple-net properties, previously on “Watch List” status, to a RIDEA structure, requiring the Company to recognize net assets equal to the lower of the net assets’ fair value or the carrying value of the net investment in the DFL. As a result, the Company derecognized the $351 million carrying value of the net investment in DFL related to the 14 properties and recognized a combination of net real estate ($331 million) and net intangibles assets ($20 million) for the same aggregate amount, with no gain or loss recognized. As a result of the transaction, the 14 properties were transferred from the senior housing triple-net segment to the SHOP segment during the first quarter of 2019.

Direct Financing Lease Receivable Maturities

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments contractually due under DFLs at December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2022	$	1,220
2023	—
2024	—
2025	—
2026	—
Thereafter	—
Undiscounted minimum lease payments receivable	1,220
Less: imputed interest	—
Present value of minimum lease payments receivable	$	1,220

Operating Leases

Future Minimum Rents

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments to be received from tenants under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2022	$	1,057,467
2023	1,041,053
2024	979,640
2025	892,348
2026	783,781
Thereafter	3,171,115
	$	7,925,404

Tenant Purchase Options

Certain leases, including DFLs, contain purchase options whereby the tenant may elect to acquire the underlying real estate. Annualized base rent from leases subject to purchase options, summarized by the year the purchase options are exercisable are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Year	Annualized Base Rent(1)		Number of Properties
2022	$	15,059	8
2023	1,191		1
2024	6,835		3
2025	12,564		16
2026	2,662		2
Thereafter	19,426		6
	$	57,737	36

_______________________________________

(1)Represents the most recent month’s base rent including additional rent floors and cash income from DFLs annualized for 12 months. Base rent does not include tenant recoveries, additional rents in excess of floors, and non-cash revenue adjustments (i.e., straight-line rents, amortization of market lease intangibles, DFL non-cash interest, and deferred revenues).

Lease Costs

The following tables provide information regarding the Company’s leases to which it is the lessee, such as corporate offices and ground leases, excluding lease costs related to assets classified as discontinued operations (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
Lease Expense Information:	2021		2020		2019
Total lease expense	$	14,442	$	13,601	$	11,852

Weighted Average Lease Term and Discount Rate:	December 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases(1)	52		57
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases	4.14	%	4.26	%

_______________________________________

(1)The weighted average remaining lease term including the Company’s options to extend its operating leases is 68 years as of December 31, 2021.

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable ground and other operating leases included in the Company’s lease liability as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2022	$	16,030
2023	13,438
2024	12,575
2025	11,471
2026	11,406
Thereafter	484,552
Undiscounted minimum lease payments included in the lease liability	549,472
Less: imputed interest	(344,925)
Present value of lease liability	$	204,547

Depreciation Expense

While the Company leases the majority of its property, plant, and equipment to various tenants under operating leases and DFLs, in certain situations, the Company owns and operates certain property, plant, and equipment for general corporate purposes. Corporate assets are recorded within other assets, net within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and depreciation expense for those assets is recorded in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Included within other assets, net as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 is $7 million and $6 million, respectively, of accumulated depreciation related to corporate assets. Included within general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 is $2 million of depreciation expense related to corporate assets.

Covid Rent Deferrals

During the second and third quarters of 2020, the Company agreed to defer rent from certain tenants in its life science and medical office segments that were impacted by Covid, with the requirement that all deferred rent be repaid by the end of 2020. Under this program, through December 31, 2020, approximately $6 million of rent was deferred for the medical office segment, all of which had been collected as of December 31, 2020. Additionally, through December 31, 2020, the Company granted approximately $1 million of rent deferrals to certain tenants in the life science segment that were impacted by Covid, all of which had been collected as of December 31, 2020.

No such deferrals were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021.

The rent deferrals granted do not impact the pattern of revenue recognition or amount of revenue recognized (refer to Note 2 for additional information).

Leases

Leases

Lease Income

The following table summarizes the Company’s lease income, excluding discontinued operations (in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Fixed income from operating leases	$	1,087,683	$	943,638	$	853,545
Variable income from operating leases	290,701		238,470		215,957
Interest income from direct financing leases	8,702		9,720		16,666

Direct Financing Leases

Net investment in DFLs consists of the following (in thousands):

	December 31,
	2021		2020
Present value of minimum lease payments receivable	$	1,220	$	9,804
Present value of estimated residual value	44,706		44,706
Less deferred selling profits	(1,220)		(9,804)
Net investment in direct financing leases	$	44,706	$	44,706

Direct Financing Lease Internal Ratings

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company had one hospital under a DFL with a carrying amount of $45 million and an internal rating of “performing”.

2020 Direct Financing Lease Sale

During the first quarter of 2020, the Company sold a hospital under a DFL for $82 million and recognized a gain on sale of $42 million, which is included in other income (expense), net.

2019 Direct Financing Lease Sale

During the second quarter of 2019, the Company entered into agreements to sell 13 senior housing facilities under DFLs (the “DFL Sale Portfolio”) for $274 million. Upon entering into the agreements, the Company recognized an allowance for DFL losses and related impairment charge of $10 million (recognized in income (loss) from discontinued operations) to write-down the carrying value of the DFL Sale Portfolio to its fair value. The fair value of the DFL Sale Portfolio was based upon the agreed upon sale price, less estimated costs to sell, which was considered to be a Level 2 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. In conjunction with the entering into agreements to sell the DFL Sale Portfolio, the Company placed the portfolio on nonaccrual status and began recognizing income equal to the amount of cash received.

The Company completed the sale of the DFL Sale Portfolio in September 2019.

For the DFL Sale Portfolio, during the year ended December 31, 2019, income from DFLs was $17 million (recognized in income (loss) from discontinued operations) and cash payments received were $16 million.

2019 Direct Financing Lease Conversion

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company converted a DFL portfolio of 14 senior housing triple-net properties, previously on “Watch List” status, to a RIDEA structure, requiring the Company to recognize net assets equal to the lower of the net assets’ fair value or the carrying value of the net investment in the DFL. As a result, the Company derecognized the $351 million carrying value of the net investment in DFL related to the 14 properties and recognized a combination of net real estate ($331 million) and net intangibles assets ($20 million) for the same aggregate amount, with no gain or loss recognized. As a result of the transaction, the 14 properties were transferred from the senior housing triple-net segment to the SHOP segment during the first quarter of 2019.

Direct Financing Lease Receivable Maturities

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments contractually due under DFLs at December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2022	$	1,220
2023	—
2024	—
2025	—
2026	—
Thereafter	—
Undiscounted minimum lease payments receivable	1,220
Less: imputed interest	—
Present value of minimum lease payments receivable	$	1,220

Operating Leases

Future Minimum Rents

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments to be received from tenants under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2022	$	1,057,467
2023	1,041,053
2024	979,640
2025	892,348
2026	783,781
Thereafter	3,171,115
	$	7,925,404

Tenant Purchase Options

Certain leases, including DFLs, contain purchase options whereby the tenant may elect to acquire the underlying real estate. Annualized base rent from leases subject to purchase options, summarized by the year the purchase options are exercisable are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Year	Annualized Base Rent(1)		Number of Properties
2022	$	15,059	8
2023	1,191		1
2024	6,835		3
2025	12,564		16
2026	2,662		2
Thereafter	19,426		6
	$	57,737	36

_______________________________________

(1)Represents the most recent month’s base rent including additional rent floors and cash income from DFLs annualized for 12 months. Base rent does not include tenant recoveries, additional rents in excess of floors, and non-cash revenue adjustments (i.e., straight-line rents, amortization of market lease intangibles, DFL non-cash interest, and deferred revenues).

Lease Costs

The following tables provide information regarding the Company’s leases to which it is the lessee, such as corporate offices and ground leases, excluding lease costs related to assets classified as discontinued operations (dollars in thousands):

	Year Ended December 31,
Lease Expense Information:	2021		2020		2019
Total lease expense	$	14,442	$	13,601	$	11,852

Weighted Average Lease Term and Discount Rate:	December 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Weighted average remaining lease term (years):
Operating leases(1)	52		57
Weighted average discount rate:
Operating leases	4.14	%	4.26	%

_______________________________________

(1)The weighted average remaining lease term including the Company’s options to extend its operating leases is 68 years as of December 31, 2021.

The following table summarizes future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable ground and other operating leases included in the Company’s lease liability as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2022	$	16,030
2023	13,438
2024	12,575
2025	11,471
2026	11,406
Thereafter	484,552
Undiscounted minimum lease payments included in the lease liability	549,472
Less: imputed interest	(344,925)
Present value of lease liability	$	204,547

Depreciation Expense

While the Company leases the majority of its property, plant, and equipment to various tenants under operating leases and DFLs, in certain situations, the Company owns and operates certain property, plant, and equipment for general corporate purposes. Corporate assets are recorded within other assets, net within the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets and depreciation expense for those assets is recorded in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Included within other assets, net as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 is $7 million and $6 million, respectively, of accumulated depreciation related to corporate assets. Included within general and administrative expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020, and 2019 is $2 million of depreciation expense related to corporate assets.

Covid Rent Deferrals

During the second and third quarters of 2020, the Company agreed to defer rent from certain tenants in its life science and medical office segments that were impacted by Covid, with the requirement that all deferred rent be repaid by the end of 2020. Under this program, through December 31, 2020, approximately $6 million of rent was deferred for the medical office segment, all of which had been collected as of December 31, 2020. Additionally, through December 31, 2020, the Company granted approximately $1 million of rent deferrals to certain tenants in the life science segment that were impacted by Covid, all of which had been collected as of December 31, 2020.

No such deferrals were granted during the year ended December 31, 2021.

The rent deferrals granted do not impact the pattern of revenue recognition or amount of revenue recognized (refer to Note 2 for additional information).