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Finance Receivables (Details 3) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2017
Dec. 31, 2016
Receivables [Abstract]    
Period after which unpaid installments are considered as past due 30 days  
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due $ 789 $ 696
Current 26,242 25,859
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 27,031 26,555
91 Plus, Still Accruing 30 19
31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 220 149
61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 110 82
91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 459 465
Customer    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 19,531 19,645
Customer | North America    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 134 125
Current 7,960 8,051
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 8,094 8,176
91 Plus, Still Accruing 7 5
Customer | North America | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 56 50
Customer | North America | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 17 16
Customer | North America | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 61 59
Customer | Europe    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 87 67
Current 2,361 2,388
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 2,448 2,455
91 Plus, Still Accruing 10 6
Customer | Europe | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 23 16
Customer | Europe | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 18 12
Customer | Europe | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 46 39
Customer | Asia/Pacific    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 46 40
Current 2,050 1,944
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 2,096 1,984
91 Plus, Still Accruing 5 4
Customer | Asia/Pacific | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 22 18
Customer | Asia/Pacific | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 9 7
Customer | Asia/Pacific | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 15 15
Customer | Mining    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 71 68
Current 1,818 1,756
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 1,889 1,824
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 2
Customer | Mining | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 13 3
Customer | Mining | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 5 2
Customer | Mining | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 53 63
Customer | Latin America    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 329 287
Current 1,767 1,808
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 2,096 2,095
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Customer | Latin America | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 67 40
Customer | Latin America | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 47 33
Customer | Latin America | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 215 214
Customer | Caterpillar Power Finance    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 103 93
Current 2,805 3,018
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 2,908 3,111
91 Plus, Still Accruing 6 1
Customer | Caterpillar Power Finance | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 30 11
Customer | Caterpillar Power Finance | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 7 9
Customer | Caterpillar Power Finance | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 66 73
Dealer    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 4,539 4,479
Dealer | North America    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Current 2,793 2,705
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 2,793 2,705
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Dealer | North America | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | North America | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | North America | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Europe    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Current 307 336
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 307 336
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Dealer | Europe | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Europe | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Europe | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Asia/Pacific    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Current 603 582
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 603 582
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Dealer | Asia/Pacific | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Asia/Pacific | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Asia/Pacific | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Mining    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Current 6 6
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 6 6
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Dealer | Mining | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Mining | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Mining | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Latin America    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Current 828 848
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 828 848
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Dealer | Latin America | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Latin America | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Latin America | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Caterpillar Power Finance    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Current 2 2
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 2 2
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Dealer | Caterpillar Power Finance | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Caterpillar Power Finance | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Dealer | Caterpillar Power Finance | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 2,961 2,431
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | North America    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 16 15
Current 1,703 1,303
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 1,719 1,318
91 Plus, Still Accruing 2 1
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | North America | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 7 11
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | North America | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 7 3
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | North America | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 2 1
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Europe    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 2 1
Current 343 268
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 345 269
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Europe | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 1 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Europe | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Europe | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 1 1
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Asia/Pacific    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 1 0
Current 510 475
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 511 475
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Asia/Pacific | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 1 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Asia/Pacific | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Asia/Pacific | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Mining    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Current 0 0
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 0 0
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Mining | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Mining | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Mining | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Latin America    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Current 382 366
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 382 366
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Latin America | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Latin America | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Latin America | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Caterpillar Power Finance    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Current 4 3
Recorded Investment in Finance Receivables 4 3
91 Plus, Still Accruing 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Caterpillar Power Finance | 31-60 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Caterpillar Power Finance | 61-90 Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due 0 0
Caterpillar Purchased Receivables | Caterpillar Power Finance | 91 Plus Days Past Due    
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment, Past Due    
Past Due $ 0 $ 0