Additional Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Additional Information

Additional Information

	For the Years Ended December 31,
(in millions)	2017			2016			2015
Research and development expense	$	241		$	203		$	186
Advertising expense	$	29		$	27		$	25
Interest and other debt expense, net:
Interest expense	$	727		$	754		$	808
Interest income	(31		)	(13		)	(4		)
Interest related to NPM Adjustment Items	9			6			13
	$	705		$	747		$	817
Rent expense	$	43		$	53		$	48

Minimum rental commitments and sublease income under non-cancelable operating leases in effect at December 31, 2017 were as follows:

(in millions)	Rental Commitments		Sublease Income
2018	$	38	$	5
2019	33		5
2020	28		5
2021	26		5
2022	23		5
Thereafter	44		5
	$	192	$	30

The activity in the allowance for discounts and allowance for returned goods for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 was as follows:

(in millions)	2017						2016						2015
	Discounts			Returned Goods			Discounts			Returned Goods			Discounts			Returned Goods
Balance at beginning of year	$	—		$	49		$	—		$	68		$	—		$	46
Charged to costs and expenses	626			130			628			133			618			217
Deductions (1)	(626		)	(139		)	(628		)	(152		)	(618		)	(195		)
Balance at end of year	$	—		$	40		$	—		$	49		$	—		$	68

⁽¹⁾ Represents the recording of discounts and returns for which allowances were created.