Note 5 – Investments

The investment portfolio is classified and accounted for based on the guidance of ASC Topic 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities.

The amortized cost of debt securities classified as available-for-sale is adjusted for the amortization of premiums to the first call date, if applicable, or to maturity, and for the accretion of discounts to maturity, or, in the case of mortgage-backed securities, over the estimated life of the security. Such amortization and accretion is included in interest income from investments. Interest and dividends are included in interest income from investments. Gains and losses on the sale of securities are recorded using the specific identification method.

The following table shows a comparison of amortized cost and fair values of investment securities at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012:



			Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized		Fair		OTTI in
(in thousands)	Cost		Gains		Losses		Value		AOCI
March 31, 2013
Available for Sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	47,425	$	94	$	291	$	47,228	$	0
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		81,432		681		695		81,418		0
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		14,934		92		0		15,026		0
Collateralized mortgage obligations		23,054		246		21		23,279		0
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		56,308		2,482		99		58,691		0
Collateralized debt obligations		36,902		35		23,139		13,798		15,215
Total available for sale	$	260,055	$	3,630	$	24,245	$	239,440	$	15,215
Held to Maturity:
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	4,040	$	461	$	183	$	4,318	$	0

December 31, 2012
Available for Sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	40,334	$	97	$	111	$	40,320	$	0
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		43,596		703		191		44,108		0
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		37,330		288		0		37,618		0
Collateralized mortgage obligations		31,836		188		293		31,731		0
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		55,212		2,842		0		58,054		0
Collateralized debt obligations		36,798		0		25,356		11,442		16,876
Total available for sale	$	245,106	$	4,118	$	25,951	$	223,273	$	16,876
Held to Maturity:
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	4,040	$	542	$	235	$	4,347	$	0

Proceeds from sales of securities and the realized gains and losses are as follows:



	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
(in thousands)	2013		2012
Proceeds	$	35,136	$	10,454
Realized gains		412		663
Realized losses		162		64

The following table shows the Corporation’s securities with gross unrealized losses and fair values at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:



	Less than 12 months				12 months or more
	Fair		Unrealized		Fair		Unrealized
(in thousands)	Value		Losses		Value		Losses
March 31, 2013
Available for Sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	18,041	$	291	$	0	$	0
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		56,952		695		0		0
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		0		0		0		0
Collateralized mortgage obligations		0		0		3,964		21
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		12,789		99		0		0
Collateralized debt obligations		0		0		13,508		23,139
Total available for sale	$	87,782	$	1,085	$	17,472	$	23,160
Held to Maturity:
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	2,817	$	183	$	0	$	0



December 31, 2012
Available for Sale:
U.S. government agencies	$	18,220	$	111	$	0	$	0
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		22,407		191		0		0
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		0		0		0		0
Collateralized mortgage obligations		16,576		293		450		0*
Obligations of states and political subdivisions		0		0		0		0
Collateralized debt obligations		0		0		11,442		25,356
Total available for sale	$	57,203	$	595	$	11,892	$	25,356
Held to Maturity:
Obligations of states and political subdivisions	$	2,765	$	235	$	0	$	0
* - De minimis

Management systematically evaluates securities for impairment on a quarterly basis. Management assesses whether (a) the Corporation has the intent to sell a security being evaluated and (b) it is more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the security prior to its anticipated recovery. If neither applies, then declines in the fair values of securities below their cost that are considered other-than-temporary declines are split into two components. The first is the loss attributable to declining credit quality. Credit losses are recognized in earnings as realized losses in the period in which the impairment determination is made. The second component consists of all other losses, which are recognized in other comprehensive loss. In estimating other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) losses, management considers (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) adverse conditions specifically related to the security, an industry, or a geographic area, (3) the historic and implied volatility of the fair value of the security, (4) changes in the rating of the security by a rating agency, (5) recoveries or additional declines in fair value subsequent to the balance sheet date, (6) failure of the issuer of the security to make scheduled interest or principal payments, and (7) the payment structure of the debt security and the likelihood of the issuer being able to make payments that increase in the future. Management also monitors cash flow projections for securities that are considered beneficial interests under the guidance of ASC Subtopic 325-40, Investments – Other – Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets, (ASC Section 325-40-35). Further discussion about the evaluation of securities for impairment can be found in Item 2 of Part I of this report under the heading “Investment Securities”.

Management believes that the valuation of certain securities is a critical accounting policy that requires significant estimates in preparation of its consolidated financial statements. Management utilizes an independent third party to prepare both the impairment valuations and fair value determinations for its collateralized debt obligation (“CDO”) portfolio consisting of pooled trust preferred securities. Based on management’s review of the assumptions and results of the third-party review, it does not believe that there were any material differences in the valuations between March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

U.S. Government Agencies - Three U.S. government agencies have been in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months as of March 31, 2013. There were no U.S. government agencies in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more. The securities are of the highest investment grade and the Corporation does not intend to sell them, and it is not more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell them before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. Accordingly, management does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2013.

Residential Mortgage-Backed Agencies - Nine residential mortgage-backed agencies have been in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months as of March 31, 2013. There were no residential mortgage-backed agency securities in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more. The securities are of the highest investment grade and the Corporation does not intend to sell them, and it is not more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. Accordingly, management does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2013.

Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - One collateralized mortgage obligation security at March 31, 2013 was in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more. There were no collateralized mortgage obligation securities in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months. The security is of the highest investment grade and the Corporation does not intend to sell it, and it is not more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. Accordingly, management does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2013.

Obligations of State and Political Subdivisions - Four securities have been in an unrealized loss position for less than 12 months. There are no securities that have been in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or more. These investments are of investment grade as determined by the major rating agencies and management reviews the ratings of the underlying issuers. Management believes that this portfolio is well-diversified throughout the United States, and all bonds continue to perform according to their contractual terms. The Corporation does not intend to sell these investments and it is not more likely than not that the Corporation will be required to sell the investments before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. Accordingly, management does not consider these investments to be other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2013.

Collateralized Debt Obligations - The $23.1 million in unrealized losses greater than 12 months at March 31, 2013 relates to 17 pooled trust preferred securities that are included in the CDO portfolio. See Note 8 for a discussion of the methodology used by management to determine the fair values of these securities. Based upon a review of credit quality and the cash flow tests performed by the independent third party, management determined that there were no securities that had credit-related non-cash OTTI charges during the first three months of 2013. The unrealized losses on the remaining securities in the portfolio are primarily attributable to continued depression in market interest rates, marketability, liquidity and the current economic environment.

The following tables present a cumulative roll-forward of the amount of non-cash OTTI charges related to credit losses which have been recognized in earnings for the trust preferred securities in the CDO portfolio held and not intended to be sold for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2013 and 2012:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2013		2012
Balance of credit-related OTTI at January 1	$	13,959	$	14,424
Additions for credit-related OTTI not previously recognized		0		0
Additional increases for credit-related OTTI previously recognized when there is no
intent to sell and no requirement to sell before recovery of amortized cost basis		0		0
Decreases for previously recognized credit-related OTTI because there was an
intent to sell		0		0
Reduction for increases in cash flows expected to be collected		(125)		(112)
Balance of credit-related OTTI at March 31	$	13,834	$	14,312

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities by contractual maturity at March 31, 2013 is shown in the following table. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.



	March 31, 2013
	Amortized		Fair
(in thousands)	Cost		Value
Contractual Maturity
Available for sale:
Due after five years through ten years	$	59,452	$	60,636
Due after ten years		81,183		59,081
		140,635		119,717
Residential mortgage-backed agencies		81,432		81,418
Commercial mortgage-backed agencies		14,934		15,026
Collateralized mortgage obligations		23,054		23,279
	$	260,055	$	239,440
Held to Maturity:
Due after ten years	$	4,040	$	4,318