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Loans and Related Allowance for Loan Losses
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2011
Loans and Related Allowance for Loan Losses 
Loans and Related Allowance for Loan Losses

Note 7 – Loans and Related Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The following table summarizes the primary segments of the loan portfolio as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

 

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Commercial

Real Estate

 

 

Acquisition

and

Development

 

 

Commercial

and

Industrial

 

 

Residential

Mortgage

 

 

Consumer

 

 

Total

 

September 30, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total loans

 

$

321,352

 

 

$

147,580

 

 

$

70,541

 

 

$

345,525

 

 

$

34,025

 

 

$

919,023

 

Individually evaluated for impairment

 

 

18,938

 

 

 

27,810

 

 

 

13,767

 

 

 

5,815

 

 

 

26

 

 

 

66,356

 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

 

 

302,414

 

 

 

119,770

 

 

 

56,774

 

 

 

339,710

 

 

 

33,999

 

 

 

852,667

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total loans

 

$

348,584

 

 

$

156,892

 

 

$

69,992

 

 

$

356,742

 

 

$

77,543

 

 

$

1,009,753

 

Individually evaluated for impairment

 

 

16,270

 

 

 

31,196

 

 

 

5,131

 

 

 

9,854

 

 

 

152

 

 

 

62,603

 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

 

 

332,314

 

 

 

125,696

 

 

 

64,861

 

 

 

346,888

 

 

 

77,391

 

 

 

947,150

 

 

The segments of the Bank's loan portfolio are disaggregated to a level that allows management to monitor risk and performance.  The commercial real estate ("CRE") loan segment is then segregated into two classes. Non-owner occupied CRE loans, which include loans secured by non-owner occupied, nonfarm, nonresidential properties, generally have a greater risk profile than all other CRE loans, which include loans secured by farmland, multifamily structures and owner-occupied commercial structures.  The acquisition and development ("A&D") loan segment is segregated into two classes. One-to-four family residential construction loans are generally made to individuals for the acquisition of and/or construction on a lot or lots on which a residential dwelling is to be built.  All other A&D loans are generally made to developers or investors for the purpose of acquiring, developing and constructing residential or commercial structures.  These loans have a higher risk profile because the ultimate buyer, once development is completed, is generally not known at the time of the A&D loan.  The commercial and industrial ("C&I") loan segment consists of loans made for the purpose of financing the activities of commercial customers.  The residential mortgage loan segment is segregated into two classes:  (a) amortizing term loans, which are primarily first liens; and (b) home equity lines of credit, which are generally second liens.  The consumer loan segment consists primarily of installment loans (direct and indirect) and overdraft lines of credit connected with customer deposit accounts.

 

During the second quarter of 2011, the Bank sold $32.5 million of the indirect auto portfolio that is included in the consumer loan class.

 

Management uses a 10 point internal risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of the overall loan portfolio. The first six categories are considered not criticized, and are aggregated as "Pass" rated. The criticized rating categories utilized by management generally follow bank regulatory definitions. The Special Mention category includes assets that are currently protected but are potentially weak, resulting in an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a Substandard classification.  Loans in the Substandard category have well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt, and have a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if the weaknesses are not corrected.  All loans greater than 90 days past due are considered Substandard.   At December 2010, the portion of any loan that represented a specific allocation of the allowance for loan losses was placed in the Doubtful category.  Based upon consultation with the regulators, beginning with June 30, 2011, only the portion of a specific allocation of the allowance for loan losses that management believes is associated with a pending event that could trigger loss in the short term will be classified in the Doubtful category.  Any portion of a loan that has been charged off is placed in the Loss category.

 

To help ensure that risk ratings are accurate and reflect the present and future capacity of borrowers to repay a loan as agreed, the Bank has a structured loan rating process with several layers of internal and external oversight.  Generally, consumer and residential mortgage loans are included in the Pass categories unless a specific action, such as bankruptcy, repossession, or death occurs to raise awareness of a possible credit event.  The Bank's Commercial Loan Officers are responsible for the timely and accurate risk rating of the loans in the commercial segments at origination and on an ongoing basis.  The Credit Quality Department performs an annual review of all commercial relationships $500,000 or greater.  Confirmation of the appropriate risk grade is included as part of the review process on an ongoing basis.  The Bank has an experienced Credit Quality and Loan Review Department that continually reviews and assesses loans within the portfolio.  In addition, the Bank engages an external consultant to conduct loan reviews on at least an annual basis. Generally, the external consultant reviews commercial relationships greater than $750,000 and/or criticized relationships greater than $500,000.  Detailed reviews, including plans for resolution, are performed on loans classified as Substandard on a quarterly basis.  Loans in the Special Mention and Substandard categories that are collectively evaluated for impairment are given separate consideration in the determination of the allowance.

 

The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate Pass and the criticized categories of Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful within the internal risk rating system as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Pass

 

 

Special

Mention

 

 

Substandard

 

 

Doubtful

 

 

Total

 

September 30, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

$

104,551

 

 

$

9,035

 

 

$

33,624

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

147,210

 

     All other CRE

 

 

119,402

 

 

 

14,631

 

 

 

40,109

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

174,142

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

11,160

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

6,151

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

17,311

 

     All other A&D

 

 

82,092

 

 

 

1,642

 

 

 

46,535

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

130,269

 

Commercial and industrial

 

 

51,580

 

 

 

768

 

 

 

18,193

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

70,541

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage - term

 

 

249,826

 

 

 

3,097

 

 

 

13,915

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

266,838

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

75,724

 

 

 

34

 

 

 

2,929

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

78,687

 

Consumer

 

 

33,578

 

 

 

63

 

 

 

384

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

34,025

 

Total

 

$

727,913

 

 

$

29,270

 

 

$

161,840

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

919,023

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

$

121,144

 

 

$

9,541

 

 

$

33,914

 

 

$

2,768

 

 

$

167,367

 

    All other CRE

 

 

123,115

 

 

 

8,995

 

 

 

49,027

 

 

 

80

 

 

 

181,217

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

7,038

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

6,876

 

 

 

334

 

 

 

14,248

 

     All other A&D

 

 

86,352

 

 

 

4,664

 

 

 

50,487

 

 

 

1,141

 

 

 

142,644

 

Commercial and industrial

 

 

46,760

 

 

 

2,933

 

 

 

20,299

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

69,992

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage - term

 

 

255,916

 

 

 

2,634

 

 

 

18,576

 

 

 

43

 

 

 

277,169

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

76,828

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

2,745

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

79,573

 

Consumer

 

 

76,736

 

 

 

23

 

 

 

784

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

77,543

 

Total

 

$

793,889

 

 

$

28,790

 

 

$

182,708

 

 

$

4,366

 

 

$

1,009,753

 

 

 

 

 

Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due.  A loan is considered to be past due when a payment has not been received for 30 days past its contractual due date.  For all loan segments, the accrual of interest is discontinued when principal or interest is delinquent for 90 days or more unless the loan is well-secured and in the process of collection.  All non-accrual loans are considered to be impaired.  Interest payments received on non-accrual loans are applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance.  Loans are returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.  The Corporation's policy for recognizing interest income on impaired loans does not differ from its overall policy for interest recognition.

 

The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and non-accrual loans as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

 

(in thousands)

 

Current

 

 

30-59 Days

Past Due

 

 

60-89 Days

Past Due

 

 

90 Days+

Past Due

 

 

Total Past

Due and still

accruing

 

 

Non-Accrual

 

 

Total Loans

 

September 30, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

$

131,425

 

 

$

682

 

 

$

4,854

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

5,536

 

 

$

10,249

 

 

$

147,210

 

     All other CRE

 

 

166,717

 

 

 

472

 

 

 

5,232

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

5,704

 

 

 

1,721

 

 

 

174,142

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

17,311

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

17,311

 

     All other A&D

 

 

112,349

 

 

 

930

 

 

 

4,807

 

 

 

173

 

 

 

5,910

 

 

 

12,010

 

 

 

130,269

 

Commercial and industrial

 

 

60,241

 

 

 

246

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

250

 

 

 

10,050

 

 

 

70,541

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage - term

 

 

257,653

 

 

 

1,745

 

 

 

3,742

 

 

 

580

 

 

 

6,067

 

 

 

3,118

 

 

 

266,838

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

77,285

 

 

 

1,016

 

 

 

101

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

1,117

 

 

 

285

 

 

 

78,687

 

Consumer

 

 

32,391

 

 

 

1,160

 

 

 

375

 

 

 

73

 

 

 

1,608

 

 

 

26

 

 

 

34,025

 

Total

 

$

855,372

 

 

$

6,251

 

 

$

19,114

 

 

$

827

 

 

$

26,192

 

 

$

37,459

 

 

$

919,023

 

December 31, 2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

$

146,470

 

 

$

892

 

 

$

8,801

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

9,693

 

 

$

11,204

 

 

$

167,367

 

     All other CRE

 

 

179,661

 

 

 

581

 

 

 

286

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

867

 

 

 

689

 

 

 

181,217

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

13,626

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

622

 

 

 

14,248

 

     All other A&D

 

 

124,731

 

 

 

1,950

 

 

 

188

 

 

 

128

 

 

 

2,266

 

 

 

15,647

 

 

 

142,644

 

Commercial and industrial

 

 

67,688

 

 

 

883

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

44

 

 

 

949

 

 

 

1,355

 

 

 

69,992

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage - term

 

 

253,225

 

 

 

12,168

 

 

 

4,455

 

 

 

2,359

 

 

 

18,982

 

 

 

4,962

 

 

 

277,169

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

78,533

 

 

 

559

 

 

 

129

 

 

 

78

 

 

 

766

 

 

 

274

 

 

 

79,573

 

Consumer

 

 

74,392

 

 

 

2,116

 

 

 

700

 

 

 

183

 

 

 

2,999

 

 

 

152

 

 

 

77,543

 

Total

 

$

938,326

 

 

$

19,149

 

 

$

14,581

 

 

$

2,792

 

 

$

36,522

 

 

$

34,905

 

 

$

1,009,753

 

 

Non-accrual loans which have been subject to a partial charge-off totaled $8.9 million as of September 30, 2011, compared to $2.9 million as of December 31, 2010.

 

 

           An Allowance for Loan Losses ("ALL") is maintained to absorb losses from the loan portfolio.  The ALL is based on management's continuing evaluation of the risk characteristics and credit quality of the loan portfolio, assessment of current economic conditions, diversification and size of the portfolio, adequacy of collateral, past and anticipated loss experience, and the amount of non-performing loans.

 

The Bank's methodology for determining the ALL is based on the requirements of ASC Section 310-10-35, Receivables-Overall-Subsequent Measurement, for loans individually evaluated for impairment and ASC Subtopic 450-20, Contingencies-Loss Contingencies, for loans collectively evaluated for impairment, as well as the Interagency Policy Statements on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses and other bank regulatory guidance.   The total of the two components represents the Bank's ALL.

 

The following table summarizes the primary segments of the ALL, segregated into the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010.

 

 

 

(In thousands)

 

Commercial

Real Estate

 

 

Acquisition

and

Development

 

 

Commercial

and

Industrial

 

 

Residential

Mortgage

 

 

 

Consumer

 

 

 

Total

 

September 30, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total ALL

 

$

7,234

 

 

$

6,524

 

 

$

2,197

 

 

$

3,694

 

 

$

486

 

 

$

20,135

 

Individually evaluated for impairment

 

$

1,342

 

 

$

2,132

 

 

$

1,184

 

 

$

78

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

4,736

 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

 

$

5,892

 

 

$

4,392

 

 

$

1,013

 

 

$

3,616

 

 

$

486

 

 

$

15,399

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total ALL

 

$

8,658

 

 

$

6,345

 

 

$

1,345

 

 

$

4,211

 

 

$

1,579

 

 

$

22,138

 

Individually evaluated for impairment

 

$

2,848

 

 

$

1,475

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

43

 

 

$

0

 

 

$

4,366

 

Collectively evaluated for impairment

 

$

5,810

 

 

$

4,870

 

 

$

1,345

 

 

$

4,168

 

 

$

1,579

 

 

$

17,772

 

 

Management evaluates individual loans in all of the commercial segments for possible impairment if the loan  is greater than $500,000 or is part of a relationship that is greater than $750,000, and (a) is either in nonaccrual status, or (b) is risk-rated Substandard and is greater than 60 days past due.  Loans are considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Corporation will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Factors considered by management in evaluating impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower's prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.  The Corporation does not separately evaluate individual consumer and residential mortgage loans for impairment, unless such loans are part of larger relationship that is impaired; otherwise loans in these segments are considered impaired when they are classified as non-accrual.

 

Once the determination has been made that a loan is impaired, the determination of whether a specific allocation of the allowance is necessary is measured by comparing the recorded investment in the loan to the fair value of the loan using one of three methods:  (a) the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate; (b) the loan's observable market price; or (c) the fair value of the collateral less selling costs.  The method is selected on a loan-by-loan basis, with management primarily utilizing the fair value of collateral method.  If the fair value of the collateral less selling costs method is utilized for collateral securing loans in the commercial segments, then an updated external appraisal is ordered on the collateral supporting the loan if the loan balance is greater than $500,000 and the existing appraisal is greater than 18 months old.  If an appraisal is less than 12 months old (the age at which the internal appraisal grid begins) and if management believes that general market conditions in that geographic market have changed considerably, the property has deteriorated or perhaps lost an income stream, or a recent appraisal for a similar property indicates a significant change, then management may adjust the fair value indicated by the existing appraisal until a new appraisal is obtained.  If the most recent appraisal is greater than 12 months old or if an updated appraisal has not been received and reviewed in time for the determination of estimated fair value at quarter (or year) end, then the estimated fair value of the collateral is determined by adjusting the existing appraisal by the appropriate percentage from an internally prepared appraisal discount grid.  This grid considers the age of a third party appraisal and the geographic region where the collateral is located in order to discount an appraisal that is greater than 12 months old.  The discount rates in the appraisal discount grid are updated quarterly to reflect the most current knowledge that management has available, including the results of current appraisals.  If there is a delay in receiving an updated appraisal or if the appraisal is found to be deficient in our internal appraisal review process and re-ordered, the Corporation continues to use a discount factor from the appraisal discount grid based on the collateral location and current appraisal age in order to determine the estimated fair value.  A specific allocation of the ALL is recorded if there is any deficiency in collateral value determined by comparing the estimated fair value to the recorded investment of the loan. When updated appraisals are received and reviewed, adjustments are made to the specific allocation as needed.

 

The evaluation of the need and amount of a specific allocation of the ALL and whether a loan can be removed from impairment status is made on a quarterly basis.

 

The following table presents impaired loans by class, segregated by those for which a specific allowance was required and those for which a specific allowance was not necessary as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

 

 

 

Impaired Loans with 

Specific Allowance

 

 

Impaired

Loans with

No Specific

Allowance

 

 

Total Impaired Loans

 

(in thousands)

 

Recorded

Investment

 

 

Related

Allowance

 

 

Recorded

Investment

 

 

Recorded

Investment

 

 

Unpaid

Principal

Balance

 

September 30, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

$

1,257

 

 

$

1,073

 

 

$

9,282

 

 

$

10,539

 

 

$

15,666

 

     All other CRE

 

 

832

 

 

 

269

 

 

 

7,567

 

 

 

8,399

 

 

 

8,424

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

2,491

 

 

 

861

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

2,491

 

 

 

2,491

 

     All other A&D

 

 

7,884

 

 

 

1,271

 

 

 

17,435

 

 

 

25,319

 

 

 

28,381

 

Commercial and industrial

 

 

9,400

 

 

 

1,184

 

 

 

4,367

 

 

 

13,767

 

 

 

14,063

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage - term

 

 

573

 

 

 

78

 

 

 

4,708

 

 

 

5,281

 

 

 

5,920

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

534

 

 

 

534

 

 

 

580

 

Consumer

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

26

 

 

 

26

 

 

 

27

 

Total impaired loans

 

$

22,437

 

 

$

4,736

 

 

$

43,919

 

 

$

66,356

 

 

$

75,552

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2010

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

$

8,183

 

 

$

2,768

 

 

$

4,635

 

 

$

12,818

 

 

$

12,818

 

     All other CRE

 

 

713

 

 

 

80

 

 

 

2,740

 

 

 

3,453

 

 

 

3,478

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

2,823

 

 

 

334

 

 

 

622

 

 

 

3,445

 

 

 

3,491

 

     All other A&D

 

 

7,269

 

 

 

1,141

 

 

 

20,482

 

 

 

27,751

 

 

 

31,284

 

Commercial and industrial

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

5,131

 

 

 

5,131

 

 

 

6,540

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage - term

 

 

725

 

 

 

43

 

 

 

8,606

 

 

 

9,331

 

 

 

10,086

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

522

 

 

 

522

 

 

 

522

 

Consumer

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

152

 

 

 

152

 

 

 

153

 

Total impaired loans

 

$

19,713

 

 

$

4,366

 

 

$

42,890

 

 

$

62,603

 

 

$

68,372

 

 

Loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment are analyzed with general allowances being made as appropriate.  For general allowances, historical loss trends are used in the estimation of losses in the current portfolio.  These historical loss amounts are modified by other qualitative factors.

 

The classes described above, which are based on the Federal call code assigned to each loan, provide the starting point for the ALL analysis.  Management tracks the historical net charge-off activity (full and partial charge-offs, net of full and partial recoveries) at the call code level.  A historical charge-off factor is calculated utilizing a defined number of consecutive historical quarters. Consumer pools currently utilize a rolling 12 quarters, while Commercial pools currently utilize a rolling eight quarters.

 

"Pass" rated credits are segregated from "Criticized" credits for the application of qualitative factors. The un-criticized ("pass") pools for commercial and residential real estate are further segmented based upon the geographic location of the underlying collateral.  There are seven geographic regions utilized – six that represent the Bank's lending footprint and a seventh for all out-of-market credits.  Different economic environments and resultant credit risks exist in each region that are acknowledged in the assignment of qualitative factors.  Loans in the criticized pools, which possess certain qualities or characteristics that may lead to collection and loss issues, are closely monitored by management and subject to additional qualitative factors.

 

Management has identified a number of additional qualitative factors which it uses to supplement the historical charge-off factor because these factors are likely to cause estimated credit losses associated with the existing loan pools to differ from historical loss experience.  The additional factors that are evaluated quarterly and updated using information obtained from internal, regulatory, and governmental sources are: (a) national and local economic trends and conditions; (b) levels of and trends in delinquency rates and non-accrual loans; (c) trends in volumes and terms of loans; (d) effects of changes in lending policies; (e) experience, ability, and depth of lending staff; (f) value of underlying collateral; and (g) concentrations of credit from a loan type, industry and/or geographic standpoint.

 

Management reviews the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis using a defined, consistently applied process in order to make appropriate and timely adjustments to the ALL.  When information confirms all or part of specific loans to be uncollectible, these amounts are promptly charged off against the ALL.  Residential mortgage and consumer loans are charged off after they are 120 days contractually past due.  All other loans are charged off based on an evaluation of the facts and circumstances of each individual loan. When the Bank believes that its ability to collect is solely dependent on the liquidation of the collateral, a full or partial charge-off is recorded promptly to bring the recorded investment to an amount that the Bank believes is supported by an ability to collect on the collateral.  The circumstances that may impact the Bank's decision to charge-off all or a portion of a loan include default or non-payment by the borrower, scheduled foreclosure actions, and/or prioritization of the Bank's claim in bankruptcy.   There may be circumstances where due to pending events, the Bank will place a specific allocation of the ALL on a loan for which a partial charge-off has been previously recognized.  This specific allocation may be either charged-off or removed depending upon the outcome of the pending event.  Full or partial charge-offs are not recovered until full principal and interest on the loan have been collected, even if a subsequent appraisal supports a higher value. Loans with partial charge-offs remain in non-accrual status. Both full and partial charge-offs reduce the recorded investment of the loan and the ALL and are considered to be charge-offs for purposes of all credit loss metrics and trends, including the historical rolling charge-off rates used in the determination of the ALL.

 

Activity in the ALL is presented for the nine- and three-months ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010:

 

 

 

Commercial

Real Estate

 

 

Acquisition

and

Development

 

 

Commercial

and Industrial

 

 

Residential

Mortgage

 

 

Consumer

 

 

Total

 

ALL balance at January 1, 2011

 

$

8,658

 

 

$

6,345

 

 

$

1,345

 

 

$

4,211

 

 

$

1,579

 

 

$

22,138

 

     Charge-offs

 

 

(5,508

)

 

 

(1,048

)

 

 

(515

)

 

 

(1,403

)

 

 

(673

)

 

 

(9,147

)

     Recoveries

 

 

91

 

 

 

278

 

 

 

15

 

 

 

415

 

 

 

406

 

 

 

1,205

 

     Provision

 

 

3,993

 

 

 

949

 

 

 

1,352

 

 

 

471

 

 

 

(826

)

 

 

5,939

 

ALL balance at September 30, 2011

 

$

7,234

 

 

$

6,524

 

 

$

2,197

 

 

$

3,694

 

 

$

486

 

 

$

20,135

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ALL balance at January 1, 2010

 

$

5,351

 

 

$

7,922

 

 

$

1,945

 

 

$

3,061

 

 

$

1,811

 

 

$

20,090

 

     Charge-offs

 

 

(513

)

 

 

(3,601

)

 

 

(1,402

)

 

 

(1,701

)

 

 

(1,489

)

 

 

(8,706

)

     Recoveries

 

 

94

 

 

 

1,067

 

 

 

380

 

 

 

330

 

 

 

380

 

 

 

2,251

 

     Provision

 

 

1,103

 

 

 

5,169

 

 

 

985

 

 

 

2,449

 

 

 

947

 

 

 

10,653

 

ALL balance at September 30, 2010

 

$

6,035

 

 

$

10,557

 

 

$

1,908

 

 

$

4,139

 

 

$

1,649

 

 

$

24,288

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial

Real Estate

 

 

Acquisition

and

Development

 

 

Commercial

and Industrial

 

 

Residential

Mortgage

 

 

Consumer

 

 

Total

 

ALL balance at July 1, 2011

 

$

6,112

 

 

$

8,440

 

 

$

2,235

 

 

$

3,714

 

 

$

500

 

 

$

21,001

 

     Charge-offs

 

 

(978

)

 

 

(327

)

 

 

(267

)

 

 

(601

)

 

 

(197

)

 

 

(2,370

)

     Recoveries

 

 

13

 

 

 

7

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

24

 

 

 

121

 

 

 

170

 

     Provision

 

 

2,087

 

 

 

(1,596

)

 

 

224

 

 

 

557

 

 

 

62

 

 

 

1,334

 

ALL balance at September 30, 2011

 

$

7,234

 

 

$

6,524

 

 

$

2,197

 

 

$

3,694

 

 

$

486

 

 

$

20,135

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ALL balance at July 1, 2010

 

$

5,595

 

 

$

10,141

 

 

$

2,017

 

 

$

4,299

 

 

$

1,730

 

 

$

23,782

 

     Charge-offs

 

 

(49

)

 

 

(1,753

)

 

 

(1,059

)

 

 

(235

)

 

 

(293

)

 

 

(3,389

)

     Recoveries

 

 

9

 

 

 

22

 

 

 

147

 

 

 

159

 

 

 

91

 

 

 

428

 

     Provision

 

 

480

 

 

 

2,147

 

 

 

803

 

 

 

(84

)

 

 

121

 

 

 

3,467

 

ALL balance at September 30, 2010

 

$

6,035

 

 

$

10,557

 

 

$

1,908

 

 

$

4,139

 

 

$

1,649

 

 

$

24,288

 

 

The ALL is based on estimates, and actual losses will vary from current estimates.   Management believes that the granularity of the homogeneous pools and the related historical loss ratios and other qualitative factors, as well as the consistency in the application of assumptions, result in an ALL that is representative of the risk found in the components of the portfolio at any given date.

 

The following tables present the average recorded investment in impaired loans by class and related interest income recognized for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

Nine months ended

September 30, 2011

 

 

Nine months ended

September 30, 2010

 

(in thousands)

 

Average

investment

 

 

Interest

income

recognized

on an

accrual

basis

 

 

Interest

income

recognized

on a cash

basis

 

 

Average

investment

 

 

Interest

income

recognized

on an

accrual

basis

 

 

Interest

income

recognized

on a cash

basis

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

$

13,409

 

 

$

41

 

 

$

91

 

 

$

9,960

 

 

$

214

 

 

$

0

 

     All other CRE

 

 

6,636

 

 

 

204

 

 

 

50

 

 

 

16,132

 

 

 

483

 

 

 

0

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

2,921

 

 

 

69

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

1,099

 

 

 

14

 

 

 

0

 

     All other A&D

 

 

26,520

 

 

 

444

 

 

 

81

 

 

 

58,253

 

 

 

704

 

 

 

0

 

Commercial and industrial

 

 

11,688

 

 

 

117

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

9,314

 

 

 

226

 

 

 

0

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage - term

 

 

6,761

 

 

 

117

 

 

 

14

 

 

 

7,729

 

 

 

183

 

 

 

0

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

635

 

 

 

10

 

 

 

4

 

 

 

3,231

 

 

 

65

 

 

 

0

 

Consumer

 

 

61

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

51

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Total

 

$

68,631

 

 

$

1,002

 

 

$

240

 

 

$

105,769

 

 

$

1,889

 

 

$

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended

September 30, 2011

 

 

Three months ended

September 30, 2010

 

(in thousands)

 

Average

investment

 

 

Interest

income

recognized

on an

accrual

basis

 

 

Interest

income

recognized

on a cash

basis

 

 

Average

investment

 

 

Interest

income

recognized

on an

accrual

basis

 

 

Interest

income

recognized

on a cash

basis

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

$

11,650

 

 

$

6

 

 

$

30

 

 

$

9,012

 

 

$

64

 

 

$

0

 

     All other CRE

 

 

8,202

 

 

 

74

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

11,750

 

 

 

137

 

 

 

0

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

2,592

 

 

 

16

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

1,834

 

 

 

14

 

 

 

0

 

     All other A&D

 

 

25,158

 

 

 

154

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

47,789

 

 

 

199

 

 

 

0

 

Commercial and industrial

 

 

13,925

 

 

 

40

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

6,857

 

 

 

58

 

 

 

0

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage - term

 

 

5,251

 

 

 

33

 

 

 

8

 

 

 

6,570

 

 

 

40

 

 

 

0

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

618

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

2,574

 

 

 

21

 

 

 

0

 

Consumer

 

 

23

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

77

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Total

 

$

67,419

 

 

$

326

 

 

$

39

 

 

$

86,463

 

 

$

533

 

 

$

0

 

 

In the normal course of business, the Bank modifies loan terms for various reasons.  These reasons may include as a retention strategy to compete in the current interest rate environment, and to re-amortize or extend a loan term to better match the loan's payment stream with the borrower's cash flows.  A modified loan is considered to be a troubled debt restructure ("TDR") when the Bank has determined that the borrower is troubled (i.e. experiencing financial difficulties). The Bank evaluates the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without modification. To make this determination, the Bank performs a global financial review of the borrower and loan guarantors to assess their current ability to meet their financial obligations.

 

When the Bank restructures a loan to a troubled borrower, the loan terms (i.e. interest rate, payment, amortization period, maturity date) are modified in such a way to enable the borrower to cover the modified debt service payments based on current financials and cash flow adequacy.  If a borrower's hardship is thought to be temporary, then modified terms are only offered for that time period. Where possible, the Bank obtains additional collateral and/or secondary payment sources at the time of the restructure in order to put the Bank in the best possible position if the borrower is not able to meet the modified terms. To date, the Bank has not forgiven any principal as a restructuring concession. The Bank will not offer modified terms if it believes that modifying the loan terms will only delay an inevitable permanent default.

 

All loans designated as TDRs are considered impaired loans and may be in either accruing or non-accruing status.  The Corporation's policy for recognizing interest income on impaired loans does not differ from its overall policy for interest recognition.  Accordingly, the accrual of interest is discontinued when principal or interest is delinquent for 90 days or more unless the loan is well-secured and in the process of collection.  If the loan was accruing at the time of the modification, then it continues to be in accruing status subsequent to the modification. Non-accrual TDRs may return to accruing status when there has been sufficient payment performance for a period of at least six months.  Loans may be removed from TDR status in the calendar year following the modification if the interest rate at the time of modification was consistent with the interest rate for a loan with comparable credit risk and the loan has performed according to its modified terms for at least six months.

 

The volume and type of TDR activity is considered in the assessment of the local economic trends qualitative factor used in the determination of the ALL for loans that are evaluated collectively for impairment.

 

The following table presents the volume and recorded investment at the time of modification of TDRs by class and type of modification that occurred during the periods indicated:

 

 

 

Temporary Rate

Modification

 

 

Extension of Maturity

 

 

Modification of Payment

and Other Terms

 

 

(in thousands)

 

Number of

Contracts

 

 

Recorded

Investment

 

 

Number of

Contracts

 

 

Recorded

Investment

 

 

Number of

Contracts

 

 

Recorded

Investment

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

 

 

3

 

 

$

809

 

 

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

     All other CRE

 

 

1

 

 

 

3,233

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

2,491

 

     All other A&D

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

7

 

 

 

8,334

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Commercial and industrial

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage – term

 

 

2

 

 

 

234

 

 

 

2

 

 

 

513

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Consumer

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Total

 

 

3

 

 

$

3,467

 

 

 

12

 

 

$

9,656

 

 

 

1

 

 

$

2,491

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three months ended September 30, 2011

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commercial real estate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Non owner-occupied

 

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

 

 

2

 

 

$

290

 

 

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

     All other CRE

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Acquisition and development

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     1-4 family residential construction

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

2,491

 

     All other A&D

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

3

 

 

 

2,678

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

     Commercial and industrial

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Residential mortgage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

     Residential mortgage – term

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

1

 

 

 

295

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

     Residential mortgage – home equity

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Consumer

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

 

 

0

 

Total

 

 

0

 

 

$

0

 

 

 

6

 

 

$

3,263

 

 

 

1

 

 

$

2,491

 

 

There were no new TDRs with temporary rate modifications during the three months ended September 30, 2011 and three new TDRs with temporary rate modifications totaling $3.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2011, for which there was no impact to the recorded investment or to the ALL. There were six new TDRs with maturity extension modifications totaling $3.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2011, for which there was no impact to the recorded investment. There was a $.1 million reduction in the ALL relating to one $2.0 million A&D loan with a maturity extension resulting from the movement of the loan being evaluated collectively for impairment to being evaluated individually for impairment. There were six loans totaling $6.4 million with maturity extension modifications granted in the six months ended June 30, 2011, all of which were classified as TDRs at the time of the additional modifications, for which there was no impact on the recorded investment of the loans or the ALL. There was one new $2.5 million TDR with modified payment terms during the three- and nine-months ended September 30, 2011, for which there was no impact to the recorded investment or the ALL.  There were no loans that were modified as TDRs within the 12 months ended September 30, 2011 for which there was a payment default during the nine- and three-month periods ended September 30, 2011.