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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes

The Company’s tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of its annual effective rate, adjusted for discrete items, if any, in each period.
On March 27, 2020, the President of the United States signed the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act, a substantial tax-and-spending package intended to provide additional economic stimulus to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.  Significant impacts of the CARES Act include the ability to carry back a net operating loss for five years and an increase of the Internal Revenue Code Section 163(j) interest expense disallowance limitations from 30% to 50% of adjusted taxable income, which will allow the Company to deduct additional interest expense for the 2019 and 2020 tax years.  The Company is assessing the potential impact of global relief packages and the CARES Act, including the effect upon the Company’s 2019 income tax return to be filed later in 2020, as well as the 2020 tax provision. Management continues to evaluate various impacts of the CARES Act.
Income tax benefit for the three months ended June 30, 2020 was $9.6 million, representing an effective rate of 36.1%, compared to income tax expense of $4.2 million, or 34.3%, for the three months ended June 30, 2019. The rate in the 2020 period is higher than the U.S. statutory rate of 21% due primarily to a U.S. net operating loss carryback to a prior year under the CARES Act. The rate in the 2019 period is higher than the U.S. statutory rate due to the impact of the $6.0 million one-time, non-deductible payment related to the resignation of the Company's former President.
Income tax benefit for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $4.1 million, representing an effective rate of 20.7%, compared to income tax expense of $8.1 million, or 29.2%, for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The rate in the 2019 period includes the $6.0 million one-time, non-deductible payment mentioned above.