In the normal course of business, Citizens enters into a variety of derivative transactions to meet the financing and hedging needs of its customers and to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. These transactions include interest rate swap contracts, interest rate options, foreign exchange contracts, residential loan commitment rate locks, interest rate future contracts, swaptions, certain commodities, forward commitments to sell TBAs, forward sale contracts and purchase options. The Company does not use derivatives for speculative purposes.

The Company’s derivative instruments are recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets in derivative assets and derivative liabilities at fair value. Certain derivatives are cleared through central clearing houses. Cleared derivatives represent contracts executed bilaterally with counterparties in the OTC market that are novated to central clearing houses who then becomes our counterparty. OTC-cleared derivative instruments are typically settled in cash each day based on the prior day value. Information regarding the valuation methodology and inputs used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s derivative instruments is described in Note 20.

Derivative assets and liabilities are netted by counterparty on the Consolidated Balance Sheets if a “right of setoff” has been established in a master netting agreement between the Company and the counterparty. This netted derivative asset or liability position is also netted against the fair value of any cash collateral that has been pledged or received in accordance with a master netting agreement.


	December 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
(in millions)	Notional Amount	Derivative Assets	Derivative Liabilities	Notional Amount	Derivative Assets	Derivative Liabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate contracts	$42,250	$16	$53	$23,450	$12	$2
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate contracts	174,384	331	1,579	142,987	680	174
Foreign exchange contracts	29,475	527	519	21,336	263	231
Commodities contracts	1,103	953	942	514	508	505
TBA contracts	2,370	7	14	7,776	8	8
Other contracts	913	5	4	3,555	38	2
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments		1,823	3,058		1,497	920
Gross derivative fair values		1,839	3,111		1,509	922
Less: Gross amounts offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets(1)		(623)	(623)		(235)	(235)
Less: Cash collateral applied(1)		(374)	(579)		(58)	(490)
Total net derivative fair values presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets		$842	$1,909		$1,216	$197

The Company’s derivative transactions are internally divided into three sub-groups: institutional, customer and residential loan. Certain derivative transactions within these sub-groups are designated as fair value or cash flow hedges, as described below:

The Company’s institutional derivatives qualify for hedge accounting treatment. The net interest accruals on interest rate swaps designated in a fair value or cash flow hedge relationship are treated as an adjustment to interest income or interest expense of the item being hedged. The Company formally documents all hedging relationships at inception, as well as risk management objectives and strategies for undertaking various accounting hedges. Additionally, the Company monitors the effectiveness of its hedge relationships during the duration of the hedge period. The methods utilized to assess hedge effectiveness vary based on the hedge relationship and the Company monitors each relationship to ensure that management’s initial intent continues to be satisfied. The Company discontinues hedge accounting treatment when it is determined that a derivative is not expected to be, or has ceased to be, effective as a hedge and subsequently reflects changes in the fair value of the derivative in earnings after termination of the hedge relationship.

In a fair value hedge, changes in the fair value of both the derivative instrument and the hedged asset or liability attributable to the risk being hedged are recognized in the same income statement line item in the Consolidated Statements of Operations when the changes in fair value occur.

The following table presents the change in fair value of interest rate contracts designated as fair value hedges, as well as the change in fair value of the related hedged items attributable to the risk being hedged, included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations:


	Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)		2022	2021	2020	Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Operations
Interest rate swaps hedging borrowed funds		($69)	($72)	$65	Interest expense - long-term borrowed funds
Hedged long-term borrowed funds attributable to the risk being hedged		68	71	(63)	Interest expense - long-term borrowed funds
Interest rate swaps hedging loans held for sale		13	—	17	Interest and fees on other loans held for sale
Hedged loans held for sale attributable to the risk being hedged		(13)	—	(17)	Interest and fees on other loans held for sale
Interest rate swaps hedging debt securities available for sale		29	68	(104)	Interest income - investment securities
Hedged debt securities available for sale attributable to risk being hedged		(29)	(68)	104	Interest income - investment securities


	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
(in millions)	Debt securities available for sale	Long-term borrowed funds		Debt securities available for sale(1)	Long-term borrowed funds
Carrying amount of hedged assets	$—	$—		$6,042	$—
Carrying amount of hedged liabilities	—	972		—	2,239
Cumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustments included in the carrying amount of the hedged items	—	(27)		29	42

(1) The Company designated $2.0 billion as the hedged amount (from a closed portfolio of prepayable financial assets with an amortized cost basis of $6.0 billion as of December 31, 2021) in a last-of-layer hedging relationship, which commenced in the third quarter of 2019 and was terminated in the first quarter of 2022.

In a cash flow hedge the entire change in the fair value of the interest rate swap included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness is initially recorded in OCI and is subsequently reclassified from AOCI to current period earnings (net interest income) in the same period that the hedged item affects earnings.

During the year ended December 31, 2022 the Company entered into zero-cost collar instruments with a notional amount of $1.5 billion comprised of purchasing an interest rate floor and selling an interest rate cap. These instruments expose Citizens to the variability in cash flows within the option strike rates and were structured so that the premium paid on the floor is equal and offsetting to the premium received on the cap. These amounts are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and will be amortized over the life of the instruments.

The following table presents the pre-tax net gains (losses) recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income related to derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges:


	Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)	2022	2021	2020
Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) recognized in OCI	($1,806)	($66)	$130
Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into interest income	(111)	183	184
Amount of pre-tax net gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into interest expense	(4)	(48)	(35)

Using the interest rate curve at December 31, 2022 with respect to cash flow hedge strategies, the Company estimates that approximately $704 million in pre-tax net losses will be reclassified from AOCI to net interest income over the next 12 months. This amount could differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations and the addition of other hedges subsequent to December 31, 2022.

The Company’s economic hedges include those related to offsetting customer derivatives, residential mortgage loan derivatives (including interest rate lock commitments and forward sales commitments) and derivatives to hedge its residential MSRs. Customer derivatives include interest rate, foreign exchange and commodity derivative contracts designed to meet the hedging and financing needs of the Company’s customers, and are economically hedged by the Company to offset its market exposure. Interest rate lock commitments on residential mortgage loans that will be held for sale are considered derivative instruments, and are economically hedged by entering into forward sale commitments to manage changes in fair value due to interest rate risk. Residential MSR derivatives are entered to hedge the risk of changes in the fair value of the Company’s MSRs.


	Amounts Recognized in Noninterest Income for the Year Ended December 31,			Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in millions)	2022	2021	2020
Economic hedge type:
Customer interest rate contracts	($2,027)	($374)	$1,234	Foreign exchange and derivative products
Derivatives hedging interest rate risk	2,090	401	(1,188)	Foreign exchange and derivative products
Customer foreign exchange contracts	(180)	(207)	216	Foreign exchange and derivative products
Derivatives hedging foreign exchange risk	313	305	(263)	Foreign exchange and derivative products
Customer commodity contracts	1,121	779	(9)	Foreign exchange and derivative products
Derivatives hedging commodity price risk	(1,097)	(770)	13	Foreign exchange and derivative products
Residential loan commitments	(284)	(208)	179	Mortgage banking fees
Derivatives hedging residential loan commitments and mortgage loans held for sale, at fair value	489	152	(50)	Mortgage banking fees
Derivative contracts used to hedge residential MSRs	(313)	(150)	311	Mortgage banking fees
Total	$112	($72)	$443