EX-99.1 2 a10-24327_6ex99d1.htm EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

Technical Report

 

Pascua-Lama Project

 

Region III, Chile

 

San Juan Province, Argentina

 

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

 

Dated as of March 31, 2011

 



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

1.0

SUMMARY

8

 

 

 

1.1.

PROPERTY LOCATION

8

1.2.

OWNERSHIP

8

1.3.

GEOLOGY AND MINERALIZATION

9

1.4.

EXPLORATION CONCEPT

11

1.5.

STATUS OF DEVELOPMENT

12

1.6.

STATUS OF OPERATIONS

13

 

 

 

2.0

INTRODUCTION AND TERMS OF REFERENCE

15

 

 

 

2.1.

INTRODUCTION

15

2.2.

TERMS OF REFERENCE

15

2.3.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

16

 

 

 

3.0

RELIANCE ON OTHER EXPERTS

17

 

 

 

4.0

PROPERTY DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION

18

 

 

 

4.1.

LOCATION

18

4.2.

AREA OF THE PROPERTY IN HECTARES

19

4.3.

TYPE OF MINERAL TENURE

19

4.4.

TITLE

20

4.5.

HOW PROPERTY BOUNDARIES WERE LOCATED

20

4.6.

LOCATION OF KNOWN MINERALIZED ZONES

23

4.7.

ROYALTIES, AGREEMENTS AND ENCUMBRANCES

23

4.8.

ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITIES AND PERMITTING

25

 

 

 

5.0                ACCESSIBILITY, CLIMATE, LOCAL RESOURCES, INFRASTRUCTURE AND PHYSIOGRAPHY

33

 

 

 

5.1.

TOPOGRAPHY, ELEVATION AND VEGETATION

33

5.2.

PHYSIOGRAPHY, CLIMATE AND LENGTH OF OPERATING SEASON

33

5.3.

SURFACE RIGHTS

34

5.4.

LOCAL RESOURCES AND INFRASTRUCTURE

34

 

 

 

6.0

HISTORY

38

 

 

 

6.1.

HISTORIC EXPLORATION SUMMARY

38

6.2.

PASCUA-LAMA HISTORICAL RESERVES AND RESOURCES

42

6.3.

HISTORIC PRODUCTION

42

 

 

 

7.0

GEOLOGIC SETTING

43

 

 

 

7.1.

REGIONAL GEOLOGY

43

7.2.

DEPOSIT GEOLOGY

44

 

 

 

8.0

DEPOSIT TYPE

52

 

 

 

9.0

MINERALIZATION

53

 

 

 

9.1.

OCCURRENCE

53

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

9.2.

PRECIOUS METALS

53

9.3.

SULFIDE MINERALIZATION

54

9.4.

OXIDE AND SULFATE MINERALIZATION

55

9.5.

ALTERATION

56

9.6.

MINERALIZATION AND ALTERATION PARAGENESIS

58

 

 

 

10.0

EXPLORATION

63

 

 

 

10.1.

BARRICK EXPLORATION

63

 

 

 

11.0

DRILLING

65

 

 

 

11.1.

DRILLING METHODS

65

11.2.

LOGGING PROCEDURES

65

 

 

 

12.0

SAMPLING METHOD AND APPROACH

67

 

 

 

12.1.

SURFACE OUTCROP/TRENCH SAMPLING

67

12.2.

UNDERGROUND CHANNEL SAMPLING

67

12.3.

RC DRILL SAMPLING

67

12.4.

DIAMOND DRILL CORE SAMPLING

68

12.5.

MATERIAL DENSITY

68

 

 

 

13.0

SAMPLE PREPARATION, ANALYSIS, SECURITY

69

 

 

 

13.1.

SAMPLE PREPARATION

69

13.2.

SAMPLE ANALYSIS

71

13.3.

SAMPLE SECURITY

72

 

 

 

14.0

DATA VERIFICATION

73

 

 

 

14.1.

QUALITY CONTROL MEASURES AND PROCEDURES

73

 

 

 

15.0

ADJACENT PROPERTIES

76

 

 

 

16.0

MINERAL PROCESSING AND METALLURGICAL TESTING

77

 

 

 

16.1.

METALLURGICAL TESTING

77

16.2.

METALLURGICAL SAMPLING

81

16.3.

ORE CLASSIFICATION

84

16.4.

MINERALOGY

85

16.5.

COMMINUTION PARAMETERS

86

16.6.

RECOVERIES

87

16.7.

PROCESSING

88

16.8.

PROCESS DESCRIPTION

91

 

 

 

17.0

MINERAL RESOURCE AND MINERAL RESERVE ESTIMATES

96

 

 

 

17.1.

INTRODUCTION

96

17.2.

SAMPLE DATABASE

96

17.3.

GEOLOGIC MODEL

105

17.4.

MINERAL RESOURCE ESTIMATION

107

17.5.

BLOCK REGULARIZATION

111

17.6.

DENSITY

111

17.7.

RESOURCE CLASSIFICATION

111

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

17.8.

METALLURGICAL MODEL

112

17.9.

MINERAL RESOURCE AND MINERAL RESERVE STATEMENTS

114

17.10.

OTHER RELEVANT DATA AND INFORMATION

116

17.11.

REFERENCES

116

 

 

 

18.0             REQUIREMENTS FOR TECHNICAL REPORTS ON PRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT PROPERTIES

117

 

 

 

18.1.

METAL AND COMMODITY PRICE ASSUMPTIONS

117

18.2.

MINING OPERATIONS

118

18.3.

SMU ASSUMPTIONS, BENCH HEIGHT, DILUTION AND LOSSES

122

18.4.

PIT LIMIT ANALYSIS RESULTS

122

18.5.

PIT DESIGNS

123

18.6.

MINEABLE RESERVES

124

18.7.

PHASE DESIGN

124

18.8.

MINE PRODUCTION SCHEDULE

126

18.9.

WASTE DUMP DESIGN AND SCHEDULE

127

18.10.

PRE-PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES

130

18.11.

EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS

130

18.12.

CAPITAL AND OPERATING COSTS

132

 

 

 

19.0

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

134

 

 

 

19.1.

METHOD OF EVALUATION

134

19.2.

CAPITAL EXPENDITURES

135

19.3.

PRODUCTION SCHEDULE

135

 

 

 

20.0

DATE AND SIGNATURE PAGE

137

 

 

 

21.0

QUALIFIED PERSONS’ CERTIFICATES

138

 

 

 

APPENDIX A

141

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

List of Figures

 

FIGURE 4-1: PASCUA –LAMA LOCATION MAP

18

FIGURE 4-2: PASCUA-LAMA PROTOCOL AREA

19

FIGURE 4-3: GENERAL LOCATION OF THE MINING CONCESSION IN CHILE AND ARGENTINA

20

FIGURE 4-4: ROYALTY AREAS

24

FIGURE 5-1: PASCUA – LAMA PHYSIOGRAPHY

33

FIGURE 7-1: PASCUA –LAMA REGIONAL GEOLOGY

44

FIGURE 7-2: PASCUA – LAMA SURFACE GEOLOGY

47

FIGURE 7-3 PASCUA – LAMA GEOLOGIC CROSS SECTION

48

FIGURE 9-1: GOLD GRAINS (YELLOW) INCLUDED IN PYRITE II GRAIN

55

FIGURE 9-2 PASCUA-LAMA SURFACE ALTERATION

57

FIGURE 14-1: FIELD DUPLICATE GOLD ASSAY COMPARISONS 1993-1996

74

FIGURE 14-2: FIELD DUPLICATE GOLD ASSAY COMPARISONS 1997-1999

75

FIGURE 16-1: PRE-2006 METALLURGICAL ORE CLASSIFICATION HIERARCHY

84

FIGURE 16-2: SCHEMATIC PROCESS FLOW SHEET

90

FIGURE 17-1: GOLD DISTRIBUTION COMPARISON: CORE VS. RC - 1M COMPOSITES

99

FIGURE 17-2: GOLD GRADE VS. CORE RECOVERY - 1M COMPOSITES

100

FIGURE 17-3: GOLD DISTRIBUTION COMPARISON: ROTARY VS. CORE - 1M COMPOSITES 

100

FIGURE 17-4: GOLD DISTRIBUTION COMPARISON: ROTARY VS. CORE - 1M COMPOSITES 

101

FIGURE 17-5: GOLD DISTRIBUTION COMPARISON: UG CHIP CHANNELS VS. CORE - 1M COMPOSITES

102

FIGURE 17-6: GOLD DISTRIBUTION COMPARISON: UG CHANNELS VS. UG MUCKS - 3M COMPOSITES

102

FIGURE 17-7: REVERSE CIRCULATION DRILL LOCATIONS

103

FIGURE 17-8: SURFACE DIAMOND CORE DRILL LOCATIONS

103

FIGURE 17-9: UNDERGROUND DIAMOND CORE DRILL LOCATIONS

104

FIGURE 17-10: SURFACE CHIP CHANNEL LOCATIONS

104

FIGURE 17-11: UNDERGROUND SAMPLE LOCATIONS

105

FIGURE 17-12: 0.4 G/T GOLD ENVELOPE – 4690 ELEVATION

106

FIGURE 17-13: 0.4 G/T GOLD ENVELOPE DIRECTIONAL ASSIGNMENTS– 4690 ELEVATION

107

FIGURE 17-14: 4X4X4M BLOCK GOLD GRADES– 4690 ELEVATION

108

FIGURE 18-1: PASCUA-LAMA INTER-RAMP SLOPE ANGLES

119

FIGURE 18-2: ROYALTY AREAS

121

FIGURE 18-3: PIT LIMIT SENSITIVITY

123

FIGURE 18-4: PASCUA FINAL PIT AND DUMP CONFIGURATION

124

FIGURE 18-5: PASCUA PIT PHASES – 4892 LEVEL

126

FIGURE 18-6: PASCUA PIT PHASES – 4796 LEVEL

126

FIGURE 18-7: PROJECT LAYOUT

130

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

List of Tables

 

TABLE 4-1: PASCUA LAMA ROYALTIES

23

TABLE 4-2: APPROVALS AND PERMITTING ACRONYMS

26

TABLE 4-3: ENVIRONMENTAL APPROVALS AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2010

26

TABLE 4-4: ENVIRONMENTAL APPROVAL CONDITIONS STATUS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2010

31

TABLE 4-5: SECTORAL PERMIT STATUS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2010

32

TABLE 6-1: PASCUA–LAMA HISTORICAL GOLD RESERVES AND RESOURCES

42

TABLE 9-1: PASCUA ALTERATION TYPES AND CHRONOLOGY

58

TABLE 9-2: ALTERATION, VEINING, AND MINERALIZATION PARAGENESIS

59

TABLE 9-3: APE STAGE PARAGENESIS

62

TABLE 12-1: DENSITY VALUES BASE ON ALTERATION TYPE

69

TABLE 16-1: METALLURGICAL REPORTS ON PASCUA-LAMA AND ESPERANZA ORES SINCE 1994

80

TABLE 16-2: METALLURGICAL SAMPLING COMPARED TO RESOURCE DRILLING AND MINE PLAN

83

TABLE 16-3: COMMINUTION PARAMETERS FOR PASCUA-LAMA GRINDING CIRCUITS

87

TABLE 16-4: PASCUA-LAMA METALLURGICAL RECOVERIES

89

TABLE 17-1: PASCUA-LAMA ASSAY DATABASE SUMMARY

97

TABLE 17-2: GOLD ESTIMATION PARAMETERS

109

TABLE 17-3: DIRECTIONAL FILL PARAMETERS – GOLD

110

TABLE 17-4: WASTE GOLD GRADE ESTIMATION PARAMETERS

110

TABLE 17-5: SILVER GRADE ESTIMATION PARAMETERS

110

TABLE 17-6 DENSITY VALUES

111

TABLE 17-7 RESOURCE CLASSIFICATION PARAMETERS

112

TABLE 17-8: METALLURGICAL INDICATOR CUTOFFS

113

TABLE 17-9: METALLURGICAL ESTIMATION PARAMETERS

113

TABLE 17-10: COPPER GRADE ESTIMATION PARAMETERS

113

TABLE 17-11: PASCUA-LAMA MINERAL RESERVES

115

TABLE 17-12: PASCUA-LAMA MINERAL RESOURCES EXCLUSIVE OF RESERVES

115

TABLE 18-1: PASCUA-LAMA 2010 METAL AND COMMODITY PRICES

117

TABLE 18-2: PASCUA-LAMA MAJOR COST DRIVERS

117

TABLE 18-3: PASCUA-LAMA MINING COST BREAKDOWN

119

TABLE 18-4: PASCUA-LAMA METALLURGICAL RECOVERIES

120

TABLE 18-5: PASCUA-LAMA PROCESSING COSTS AND PLANT PARAMETERS

120

TABLE 18-6: PASCUA-LAMA TOTAL OPERATING COST BREAKDOWN

121

TABLE 18-7: PASCUA-LAMA ROYALTY CALCULATIONS

121

TABLE 18-8: PASCUA-LAMA WHITTLE PIT SENSITIVITY TO GOLD PRICES

122

TABLE 18-9: MINEABLE RESERVES AT VARYING REVENUE CUTOFFS

125

TABLE 18-10: MINE PRODUCTION SCHEDULE

128

TABLE 18-11: MINE PRODUCTION SCHEDULE (CONT)

129

TABLE 18-12: PASCUA-LAMA PRIMARY FLEET REQUIREMENT

132

TABLE 18-13: PASCUA-LAMA SUPPORT EQUIPMENT SUMMARY

132

TABLE 19-1 : PASCUA-LAMA ECONOMIC SUMMARY

134

TABLE 19-2 : RECLAMATION COST (US$ MILLIONS)

135

TABLE 19-3 : METAL PRODUCTION BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN

136

TABLE 19-4 : METAL PRODUCTION BY PRODUCT

136

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

1.0                     Summary

 

The Pascua-Lama project is being developed as a large-scale open pit operation with processing facilities having a designed throughput capacity of 45,000 tonnes per day.  Non-refractory ore produced by the mine will be subject to cyanide leaching, while refractory ore will be subjected to flotation prior to cyanide leaching.  The development of the processing facilities has been staged to reflect the expected composition of the ore over the mine life.  As of the date of this Technical Report, pre-production capital for the project is expected to be $3.3-$3.6 billion.  First production is expected in the first half of 2013 and average annual gold production from Pascua-Lama is expected to be 750-800,000 ounces in the first full five years of operation at total cash costs of $20-$50 per ounce (based on gold, silver and oil price assumptions of $1,100 per ounce, $16 per ounce and $85 per barrel, respectively, and assuming a Chilean peso f/x rate of 500:1).

 

1.1.                      Property Location

 

The Pascua deposit is situated on the international frontier in both Chile and Argentina. The project is about at 29020’south latitude and 78000’ west longitude (Williams et al., 2001) at an elevation ranging from about 4,000 to 5,260 meters. Most of the mineralization occurs between the elevations of 4,420 to 4,960 meters. Elevations of the infrastructure and open pit, located in both countries, will range from near 4,000 meters to over 5,260 meters.

 

In Chile, the project is accessed by about 147 kilometers of paved, gravel and dirt roads from the municipality of Vallenar, the capitol of the Huasco Province third region in Chile, and through  Alto del Carmen and several small communities.   The project scope includes upgrading 70 km of an existing public road from Punta Colorada and construction of 48 km of new road, all through unpopulated areas to join the road from Alto del Carmen on Barrick property. In Argentina, the property is accessed by about 363 kilometers of the same type of roads from the city of San Juan, the capitol of San Juan province in Argentina. The driving times are about four and eight hours, respectively.

 

1.2.                      Ownership

 

The Pascua-Lama property consists of various mineral and exploration concessions granted by the Republic of Chile to Compañía Minera Nevada (CMN), Barrick’s wholly owned Chilean subsidiary and by the Republic of Argentina to Barrick Exploraciones Argentina S.A. (BEASA), Barrick’s wholly owned Argentinean subsidiary. The topography on the property is steep and rugged, and is characterized by high sierras and deep valleys with natural slopes of 20 to 40 degrees.  Elevations on the property range from approximately 4300 m to 5250 m above sea level.

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

1.3.                      Geology and Mineralization

 

Regional Geology

 

The Pascua-Lama deposit is situated at the crest of the high cordillera of Region III, on the northern edge of a major mineralized trend known as the El Indio belt.  This trend, along which a number of major precious metal deposits are located (including the nearby Veladero deposit), stretches 47 kilometers south of Pascua-Lama to the world-renowned El Indio deposit and adjacent Tambo deposit.

 

The geology in the region is dominated by extrusive volcanic rocks that are locally intruded by hypabyssal stocks of varying size and numerous dikes and sills, while the regional structure in and around the gold deposits and prospects in the El Indio belt is dominated by northerly-trending high angle reverse faults, normal faults and fold belts oriented parallel to the major structural grain.  Pascua-Lama is positioned near the center of a northerly trending graben that contains nearly the entire Tertiary volcanic sequence that is distributed along the spine of the cordillera in Chile and Argentina.

 

Deposit Geology

 

Locally, the Pascua-Lama area has been the center of repeated intrusive and volcanic activity, beginning with a sequence of dacite and rhyolite ignimbrite ash flows deposited in the early Permian.  The flows were then intruded during Late-Permian/Triassic time by a granite batholith, which comprises the Pascua-Lama granite intrusive complex and occupies the central and eastern portions of the district, the dominant host lithology for the deposit.  After a long hiatus that extended into the Oligocene, numerous small diorite stocks and dikes were intruded into the granite complex and volcanics.  Dike emplacement continued into the Miocene, followed by deposition of Upper Middle Miocene dacite ash flows.  This Miocene intrusive activity was the precursor to the magmatism and associated hydrothermal activity around 8.78-8.79 My that produced the Pascua deposit.  In the waning stages of mineralization the emplacement of rhyodacite porphyry dikes (7.84 My) concluded the magmatic activity at Pascua-Lama.

 

Numerous breccia bodies are also present in the Pascua-Lama area. In surface outcrop, these breccias vary in dimension from centimeters up to hundreds of meters in diameter. Typically the breccias show a strong correlation to zones of intersection of two or more major structural zones, as described in the following section.  Brecha Central in the Quebrada de Pascua area is a good example of a matrix-supported breccia pipe that formed as a result of an explosive hydrothermal event related to the emplacement of the main portion of the Pascua deposit.

 

Deposit Type

 

The gold, silver, and copper mineralization and alteration assemblages at Pascua-Lama are associated with a structurally controlled acid sulfate

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

hydrothermal system hosted by intrusive and volcanic rock sequences of Upper Paleozoic and Middle Tertiary age.  Alteration and mineralization is of the high-sulfidation, epithermal type. Throughout the Pascua-Lama district, the alteration and mineralization appear to have been strongly controlled by structure. This control is most evident along the Esperanza, Pedro and Quebrada de Pascua fault systems.  As is typical with high-sulfidation epithermal deposits, the principal metal commodities at Pascua-Lama are gold and silver – the copper content is usually sub-economic.

 

Occurrence

 

The emplacement of mineralization and breccias which host mineralization at Pascua was controlled by high angle faults.  Six high angle fault sets have been identified, striking west-northwest, north-northeast, north-south, northwest, northeast and east-west.  The breccias, which host much of the gold-silver mineralization, occur at the intersections of three or more fault sets.  In total, at least 14 major centers of mineralization and a number of smaller centers have been recognized, of which Brecha Central is the most significant.

 

Precious Metals

 

Gold occurs primarily as native metal at Pascua-Lama, but it also is found in very minor amounts in gold telluride inclusions within enargite.  Silver mineralization grossly mimics the distribution of gold but over a much broader lateral area.  In any particular zone, silver typically occurs across widths that are two to three times those of gold.  Other than gold and silver, copper is the only metal in the Pascua-Lama deposit that occurs in significant quantities, primarily as enargite and copper sulfates.  Although local zones of higher grade copper can be found that are up to one meter wide and run as high as 10 percent copper, most copper values range between 0.1% and 0.4%.

 

Sulfides

 

The principal sulfide gangue minerals in the Pascua-Lama deposit include four stages of pyrite and enargite, with very minor amounts of galena and sphalerite (which are found mostly as constituents in quartz veinlets), covelite and chalcocite.  Pyrite comprises approximately 88% to 92% of all sulfides, with enargite accounting for the remaining 8 to 12%.

 

Oxides and Sulfates

 

Oxide minerals found across the Pascua-Lama deposit as products of weathering or hydrothermal alteration and include limonite, hematite, jarosite, kaolinite, and dickite.  Sulfates are also present in the Pascua-Lama deposit and include the insoluble sulfates barite, gypsum, and anglesite, and an abundant suite of soluble iron sulfates that include szomolnokite, voltaite, rhomboclase, and coquimbite.

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

Alteration

 

Alteration is intimately associated with precious metal mineralization at Pascua-Lama.  An early advanced argillic alteration stage consists of quartz-alunite-pyrite haloes that are most intense around mineralizing centers.  Superimposed on the advanced argillic assemblage is a steam heated alteration stage, which on the surface consists of an east-west elongated zone centered on Brecha Central, extending eastward to the cliffs that form the surface expression of the Lama Fault zone in Argentina.

 

A silica cap that ranges from 100 m to 325 m thick occupies a position beneath the main body of steam heat alteration.  The cap is divided into three zones – an upper silica-gold zone, a middle pyrite-silica zone, and a lower pyrite-szomolnokite zone, which is the most prominent of the three and is where gold contents in the cap are the highest.  The blanket of silver enrichment mentioned previously in this section crosscuts all three zones.  The cap is generally thickest on the margins of the deposit.

 

The alteration and mineralization types found in most of the mineralized centers of the Pascua-Lama deposit are similar, but the orientation of the fracture sets that provide the plumbing for the mineralizing fluids at each center can be different.  Almost 98% of all structural data collected from the deposit is related to veinlets, and very few structures lack some form of hydrothermal filling.

 

1.4.                      Exploration Concept

 

Structural preparation is the most important criteria for the development of mineral deposits. Mineralization and breccias at Pascua are controlled by high angle faults, particularly the intersections of three or more sets of faults. A significant low angle set is also present. Intersections of two to three structural sets are required to produce mineralization centers and mineralized breccia pipes. In mineralized areas, low angle fractures normally contain significant gold-copper ±silver mineralization.

 

Repetitive intrusive activity is an extremely positive sign for the presence of large mineral deposits.  A minimum of seven, and perhaps as many as ten, periods of intrusion have affected the Pascua area from the Permian to the upper Miocene.

 

Gold, tellurium and bismuth related to the enargite and pyrite in the deposit produce talus fines anomalies above mineralization. In addition, silver and mercury from the silver blanket produce erratic talus fines anomalies above mineralization on the surface. These five elements are the best pathfinders to Pascua mineralization and are definitely superior to most geophysical methods in this regard. The only geophysical exception is the intermediate level margin of the SP anomaly that overlies all of the named mineralization centers except for the two high level centers at Esperanza. Readily leached elements like copper are absent on the surface where arsenic and lead tend to be peripheral to mineralized zones. The combination of surface mapping, SP and selected

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

elements of the talus fines geochemical survey would have formed a powerful tool for locating most of the mineralization centers at Pascua.

 

1.5.                      Status of Development

 

Barrick acquired the assets of Lac Minerals Corporation in September 1994, including exploration properties on the Chile/Argentina border. Initially, laboratory test work, alternative mine plans and metallurgical processes were evaluated focusing principally on the non-refractory ore. In 1995 reserves estimated by Barrick were increased and further studies were initiated that focused on higher production rates in addition to the treatment of a refractory ore type.

 

In 1996, a development plan was completed based on processing 18,000 t/d of non-refractory ore. The refractory ore type was not considered part of the development plan pending completion of metallurgical test work.

 

The plan was not economically attractive and, as a result, for the period 1996 to 2000 more effort was placed on developing a suitable metallurgical process to handle both the refractory component of the orebody as well as the non-refractory. In 2000 the project was submitted for environmental approval in Chile, which it obtained in 2001, but the project was then suspended due to the severe drop in metals prices.

 

In Chile, an environmental impact study (Estudio de Impacto Ambiental, EIA) was approved by resolution with conditions in April 2001. A supplementary submittal was presented in December 2004 EIA. In 2005, three addendums were submitted in response to questions and concerns raised by the communities and authorities. Barrick received approval of the EIA from Chilean environmental regulatory authorities in February 2006.

 

The Argentine Environmental Impact Report (Informe de Impacto Ambiental, IIA) was submitted to the government authorities in August 2000. It was followed by four addendums in response to requests for further information. In 2001, following the decision to defer construction of Pascua-Lama, Barrick requested that the regulatory review process be put on hold in favor of the Veladero review. Argentine authorities subsequently requested that BEASA compile and submit an updated IIA to include an analysis of the cumulative effects of Veladero and Pascua-Lama. This document was submitted to the government authorities in November 2004 and was followed by one Addendum in response to requests for further information in October 2005. Additionally, one document called the Texto Ordenado combining all the information of the IIA 2004 and Addendum 2005 was submitted to the government authorities on August1, 2006. The IIA approval was received with conditions in December 2006.  The first bi-annual update of the IIA was approved in December 2009 and the second bi-annual update of the IIA was submitted to the governmental authorities in May 2010.

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

During 2005 to 2007 additional geological sampling, mine planning, and metallurgical test work was completed to confirm the ability to mine and process both refractory and non-refractory ores simultaneously and to grind the ore in an autogeneous wet grinding operation prior to the Merrill-Crowe leach process. The results were positive and the facilities have been revised.

 

The Pascua-Lama process facilities will have the capacity to treat 45,000 tpd of ore. Initially in Phase 1 the plant will treat 45,000 tpd of non-refractory ore through cyanide leaching.  Upon the commencement of Phase 2, one third (15,000 tpd) of the plant will be converted to the treatment of refractory ore and the operation of a 15,000 tpd flotation circuit will begin.

 

Basic Engineering for the process plant was started in early 2006 and completed in April 2007.  Basic engineering for the process plant and infrastructure was performed by Fluor-Techint.  In 2007 basic engineering of the water management system and the tailings dam was completed by Golder and Vector, respectively.  ARA Worley Parsons have engineered the truck shop; CMN in-house engineering has completed basic engineering for the access roads to the site, as well as camp facilities.  Pre-production capital is expected to be $3.3-$3.6 billion.

 

1.6.                      Status of Operations

 

Approximately 90% of the Pascua Lama Project detailed engineering is complete. Completion of detailed engineering is scheduled for first half of 2011. The plan to develop the construction and start up phase is summarized as follows:

 

Mine

 

Pioneering started with the massive earth movement in October 2009.

 

Pre-stripping will be done using part of the mine production fleet. The fleet assembly is progressing with 10 of the planned 30 trucks already assembled and almost all of the auxiliary equipment ready to work. Shovel assembly is scheduled to begin in February 2011. The schedule for pre-stripping shows 85M tonnes mined in 18 months before start up of first process line. Start date for pre-stripping is planned in May 2011.

 

Mine production starts with start up of first process line and supply of the complement of the mine production fleet.

 

Plant

 

Crushing and Overland Conveying. In detail engineering, start up is planned for Q4 2012.

 

Grinding and Washing. In detail engineering, start up of first grinding circuit is planned for Q4 2012.

 

 

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Leaching and Merrill Crowe. In detail engineering, start up is planned for Q3 2012. First production is expected in the first half of 2013.

 

Flotation. In detail engineering, start up is planned for 3rd Q 2015.

 

Tailing Dam. In detail design, approach is starter and 10 lift stages for the rock wall and pond lining.

 

Infrastructure

 

Logistic

 

Access roads construction on the Chilean side started together with the massive earth movement. Construction on the Argentine side started with the massive excavation of the Process Plant. Stores, lay down areas and logistics centers have been built. Water. Water for process and services, catchments and pumping to storage ponds  have detail design complete both for Chilean and Argentine sides. Construction will start once massive earth movement is finished.

 

Potable Water

 

Designs in detail engineering, first installations will be done together with Barriales and Los Amarillos Camps. ARD Water, El Estrecho Basin, design in detailing engineering. Rio Turbio Basin is postponed eventually once El Morro Dump starts.

 

Power & Energy

 

System detail design is complete. A power purchase agreement has been signed and construction of the main 220Kv power line has started.

 

 

Communications

 

Permanent system is based on FO cable; cable is part of the power line system also. All communications (voice, data, and signals) will flow through FO cable. Provisional system is through microwave system available from Veladero Mine, in the future will be backup. Emergency system is through VHF radio communications and satellite.

 

Camps

 

Both Barriales and Los Amarillos Camps are designed for construction and operation stages, construction is on-going.

 

 

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2.0     Introduction and Terms of Reference

 

2.1.                      Introduction

 

The Pascua-Lama project, South American Region, and Reserves group staff of Barrick have prepared this Technical Report to support the public disclosure of Mineral Reserve and Mineral Resource estimates as of December 31st, 2010, as required under section 4.2(1)6 of National Instrument 43-101, Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects of the Canadian Securities Administrators. The format and content of this report are intended to conform to Form 43-101F1, Technical Report.  Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, information contained in this Technical Report is as at December 31, 2010.  As noted throughout this Technical Report, subsequent to the date of preparation of certain information contained herein, Barrick announced that it expected pre-production capital for the project to be $3.3-$3.6 billion.  Barrick also announced that first production is expected in the first half of 2013 and that average annual gold production from Pascua-Lama is expected to be 750-800,000 ounces in the first full five years of operation at total cash costs of $20-$50 per ounce (based on gold, silver and oil price assumption of $1,100 per ounce, $16 per ounce and $85 per barrel, respectively, and assuming a Chilean peso f/x rate of 500:1).  To the extent there is any inconsistency between the above information and information contained elsewhere in this Technical Report, please refer to the above as the current information.

 

2.2.                      Terms of Reference

 

Unless stated otherwise, all quantities are in metric units and currencies are expressed in constant 2010 US dollars. The mineral resource and mineral reserve summaries are reported in both imperial and metric units. The following metal prices and currency exchange rates were used as a basis for this report:

 

Table 2-1

Pascua-Lama Metal Prices and Exchange Rates

 

Metal Prices for Reporting (US$)

 

 

Gold

 

1000.00

Silver

 

16.00

Copper

 

2.00

 

 

 

Exchange Rates (per US$)

 

 

Chile Peso

 

525.00

Argentina Peso

 

3.75

 

 

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2.3.                      Sources of Information

 

This report summarizes, and refers to, work conducted by Barrick geologists, engineers, and metallurgists along with third party consultants who have been engaged in the definition of the project.  These external consultants include; Pincock Allen & Holt (reserves), Resource Evaluation Inc (geology and resource audit), Resource Modeling Inc. (geology and resource models), Scott Wilson Mining Group (Geology, Resources and Reserves audit), Smee and Associates Consulting Ltd (QA/QC), NCL (Mine Plan and reserves), Lakefield Canada (Metallurgy, pilot test and assaying), John Goode and Associates (Metallurgy), SNC-Lavalin Engineers & Constructors (Process design and capital), Arcadis Geotecnica  (Environmental Permit-Chile), Knight Piesold (Environmental Permits- Argentina), Fluor Techint (Feasibility  Study Report Update 2007) and other consultants and sub-contracted consultants.

 

 

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3.0     Reliance on Other Experts

 

This report was prepared by the authors using reports prepared under the direction of employees of Barrick Gold Corporation and its retained consultants. While reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this technical report, the authors cannot guarantee the completeness or accuracy of supporting studies not prepared under their direct supervision. While the authors did not supervise the preparation of reports and data prepared by the previous owners, they have examined the information available and have concluded that the conclusions and recommendations were reasonable.

 

 

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4.0       Property Description and Location

 

4.1.                      Location

 

The Pascua-Lama property straddles the Chilean-Argentine border in the “Cordillera de Los Andes” (Figure 4-1).  The property is located at approximately 29° 19.0’S and 70° 01.0’ W.  The Pascua portion of the deposit, which contains the majority of the gold/silver mineralization (Over 80% of the mineralization), is situated on the Chilean side of the border in Region III, approximately 150 km southeast of the town of Vallenar. The Lama portion of the property is located within the Province of San Juan, Argentina, 300km northeast of the provincial capital city of San Juan. The entire project is encompassed by a defined “Protocol Area” that allows free passage of persons involved with the project across the border between the two countries (Figure 4-2).  The Treaty on Mining Integration and Complementation, and the related Specific Additional Protocol, between the Republic of Chile and the Republic of Argentina permits Barrick to control entry into the Protocol Area.

 

Figure 4-1: Pascua –Lama Location Map.

 

 

 

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Figure 4-2: Pascua-Lama protocol area.

 

GRAPHIC

 

4.2.                      Area of the Property in Hectares

 

The Pascua-Lama property consists of various mineral and exploration concessions granted by the Republic of Chile to Compañía Minera Nevada (CMN), Barrick’s wholly owned Chilean subsidiary and by the Republic of Argentina to Barrick Exploraciones Argentina S.A. (BEASA), Barrick’s wholly owned Argentinean subsidiary (Figure 4-3).

 

The CMN mining properties in the Chile area, are 119.262 hectares and the BEASA mining properties in Argentina area, are 6.888 hectares.

 

4.3.                      Type of  Mineral Tenure

 

Exploitation and Exploration Mining Concession in both countries are shown in Figure 4-3. The current status of the Chilean mining concessions is shown in Appendix A. Compañía Minera Nevada (CMN) have two types of exploitation concessions.  The first includes all concessions inside the protocol area and the second includes all concession outside the protocol area.  Appendix A also shows all exploitation concessions in and outside the protocol area (concessions along the greater part of the route of the power line that forms part of the Project).  CMN has fully constituted mining rights in all of these exploitation concessions.

 

 

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Figure 4-3: General Location of the Mining Concession in Chile and Argentina

 

GRAPHIC

 

4.4.                      Title

 

Barrick, through its wholly owned subsidiary Compañía Minera Nevada (CMN), owns the surface property and the legal concessions for mineral exploration and exploitation of the “Protocol Area” of the Pascua Lama project in Chile.  The mineral concessions have been independently reviewed and verified.

 

Barrick, through its wholly owned subsidiary Barrick Exploraciones Argentina S.A. (BEASA), owns 90% of the surface property and the legal concessions for mineral exploration and exploitation of the “Protocol Area” of the Pascua Lama project in Argentina.  The Land Title and registration of mines and minerals has been detailed in a report by Argentine counsel.

 

The remaining 10% of the surface property is owned in two equal shares by descendents of a local landowner.

 

4.5.                      How Property Boundaries Were Located

 

The Pascua-Lama Project is to be constructed on the international boundary between Chile and Argentina with operational activities occurring in both

 

 

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jurisdictions. The mining property is subject to different legislation in both countries.

 

In Chile, the government is vested with the absolute, exclusive and inalienable right to minerals. Private persons may obtain the right to explore for and exploit minerals through mining concessions, which are granted in a judicial proceeding. An exploration concession, subject to the payment of annual fees, is valid for two years, renewable for an additional two years with respect to half the area of the original concession. An exploitation concession is valid indefinitely, subject to the payment of annual fees. There are no work commitments.

 

CMN has fully constituted mining rights in and around the Pascua-Lama project area.

 

CMN has obtained exploration concessions along the greater part of the route of the power line that forms part of the Project.

 

In Chile, ownership of a mining concession does not include ownership of the surface estate. However, mining rights are dominant to surface rights and the Mining Code grants the owner of the mineral estate liberal rights to use the surface subject to the payment of reasonable compensation to the surface owner.

 

CMN owns all the surface property in and around the Pascua-Lama project. This property was purchased for locating mine facilities and to purchase water rights.

 

In Chile, mining rights are dominant to the surface estate. The Mining Code provides the mining concession owner with broad rights to establish easements for stockpiles, waste dumps, tailings, process facilities, power lines, roads, pipelines, etc., subject to the payment of reasonable compensation to the surface owner.

 

Easements are granted either by private agreement or judicial resolution once the amount of indemnification to the surface owner is determined. Easements are established for a particular purpose and terminate once the activities for which the easements were obtained have ceased.

 

Owners of mining easements are obligated to permit other mining property owners to benefit from their easements to the extent that it does not prejudice their own exploitation.

 

CMN has obtained certain rights-of-way for the construction of the projected power line and is in the process of obtaining any remaining necessary rights of way. CMN expects to obtain these rights-of-way in the normal course of business.

 

In Argentina, the mining rights, consisting of a number of 22 mines (or mining concessions) for the Pascua-Lama project, are owned by BEASA and Exploraciones Mineras Argentinas S.A. (“EMASA”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Barrick.. Appendix A, shows the identification data for each of the mines, their

 

 

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area (in hectares) and the corresponding registration with the Mining Department for the Province of San Juan. The protection of mines is provided for in the Argentina Republic Mining Code through three conditions that must be complied with. These conditions are fixed capital investments, canon payments and mine activity and are described as follows:

 

The Investment Plan which was submitted has been complied with in relation to all the mines that make up the Pascua-Lama Project. The capital investment, in accordance with the provisions of the Mining Code and based on the declarations made in each of the administrative files, in relation to the properties that make up the Pascua-Lama project on the Argentine side amounts to $ 20.993.970,81 Argentine Pesos.

 

Canon payments are paid annually in the amount of $ 53.600 and $ 5.360 Argentine pesos for the BEASA and EMA mines, respectively. All canon payments have been made to date.

 

Pursuant to Article 225 of the Mining Code, when a mine has been inactive for more than four years, the mining authority may call for the submittal of a project to either activate or reactivate this mine. The decision to activate or reactivate the mine must be given within six months of the mining authority’s request. A mine is considered to be inactive if no regular exploration, preparation or production works have been conducted in at least a 4-year period referred to in Article 225.

 

The Pascua-Lama mineral reserve area is entirely within the Campo de las Taguas boundaries. BEASA is the owner of an undivided 90% interest in the Campo de las Taguas, with the remaining 10% interest in two equal shares owned by descendents of a local landowner. This ownership structure is not expected to adversely affect development or operation of the Pascua-Lama project.

 

In Argentina, the Mining Code grants the mining concession owner broad rights to establish easements for stockpiles, waste dumps, tailings, process facilities, power lines, roads, pipe lines, etc., subject to payment of reasonable compensation to the surface owner.

 

Easements are granted through private agreements or administrative resolutions once the amount of indemnification to the surface owner has been determined. Easements are established for particular purposes and are accessory to the mining right to which they refer; therefore, they terminate with such mining right.

 

Owners of mining easements are obligated to permit other mining property owners to benefit from their easement to the extent that it does not prejudice their own exploitation, and they participate in the easement maintenance costs.

 

BEASA has the right to obtain rights-of-way to facilitate development of the mining rights. The Argentine mining law includes a provision for the compensation to the surface rights holder for damages caused to the holder’s property through

 

 

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development of the right-of-way required to develop mining activities. Accordingly, either by virtue of BEASA’s ownership of the Campo de las Taguas, or under the rights granted by the Mining Law, BEASA expects to obtain in the normal course any additional rights-of-way or easements to use the surface property required to develop the Pascua-Lama project.

 

4.6.                      Location Of Known Mineralized Zones

 

The Pascua-Lama deposit is situated in the major mineralized trend known as the El Indio belt in the high cordillera of Region III, along the international border between Chile and Argentina. Along this trend many gold prospects and gold mines occur. To the south of the Pascua Lama area, 47 km approximately are the El Indio and Tambo Mine (closed), between them appear some prospects like El Carmen and Sancarron that have small mineralized zones. To the SE, 10 km approximately, is the Veladero Gold Mine, in this moment in production and to the North, 50 Km approximately are some smalls gold prospects like El Encierro and Valeriano that haven’t a good mineralization

 

4.7.                      Royalties, Agreements and Encumbrances

 

Royalties applied to the revenue calculation according to the origin of the ore are described in the following table:

 

Table 4-1: Pascua Lama Royalties

 

Royalty

 

Pay Basis

 

Percentage

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Argentina

 

total net revenue

 

3.00%

 

 

 

 

 

Chile

 

gold revenue
after smelting and refining deducts

 

9.804%

 

 

 

 

 

Chile

 

copper revenue
after smelting and refining deducts

 

1.9608%

 

 

 

 

 

Comsur

 

gold revenue

 

5.00%

 

 

 

 

 

Comsur

 

copper revenue
after smelting and refining deducts

 

0.50%

 

The geographical distribution of the different royalty areas is shown in the Figure 4-4:

 

 

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Figure 4-4: Royalty Areas

 

 

 

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4.8.                      Environmental Liabilities and Permitting

 

Required Permits and Status

 

The work and operations for this Project will be completed both in Chile (Region III-Atacama) and in Argentina (Province of San Juan).  The entire project is encompassed by a defined “Protocol Area” that allows free passage of persons involved with the project across the border between the two countries.  The Treaty on Mining Integration and Complementation, and the related Specific Additional Protocol, between the Republic of Chile and the Republic of Argentina, permits Barrick to control entry into the Protocol Area.  Among other matters, this protocol defines the Project operations area within which the transportation of people and equipment will be allowed with no requirement for customs and international police regulatory formalities to be carried out on each occasion the border is crossed.

 

In Chile, the Project will be undertaken by CMN, whereas in Argentina the Project will be developed by BEASA.

 

A summary of the key environmental milestones that have now been achieved by the project are outlined below:

 

The ecological, geographical and social resources and features of the region have been documented and considered in the design of the proposed facilities.  Residual and cumulative impacts from the project have been assessed.

 

Environmental impact assessment documentation has been prepared and submitted to Argentine and Chilean authorities, and environmental approvals have been received from both.

 

All significant pre-construction permits have either been obtained or are in advanced stages of approval, including the water concessions and permits to construct the tailings facility in Argentina; course-of-construction permits are being processed commensurate with the progress of engineering to meet construction priorities.

 

Monitoring programs have been approved for both countries, and monitoring against the baseline, including social monitoring, is ongoing.

 

A process of broad public consultation was included during the environmental impact evaluation, and an effective community consultation program is ongoing.

 

Table 4.2 lists the major acronyms that are used in both Chile and Argentina with respect to the project approvals processes.  Note that one acronym (DIA) is used in both countries but with different meanings.

 

 

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Table 4-2: Approvals and Permitting Acronyms

 

Where used

 

Abbreviation

 

Meaning in Spanish

 

Meaning in English

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chile

 

SEIA

 

Sistema de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental

 

Environmental Impact Evaluation System

 

EIA

 

Estudio de Impacto Ambiental

 

Environmental Impact Study

 

DIA

 

Declaración de Impacto Ambiental

 

Environmental Impact Declaration

 

ICSARA

 

Informe Consolidado de Aclaraciones, Rectificaciones y/o Ampliaciones

 

Regulators’ request to proponent for clarifications, corrections and/or additional information

 

Adenda

 

Adenda (al EIA)

 

Addendum (to EIA)

 

RCA

 

Resolución de Calificación Ambiental

 

Approval (with conditions) of EIA/DIA

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

Argentina

 

IIA

 

Informe de Impacto Ambiental

 

Environmental Impact Report

 

TO

 

Texto Ordenado

 

Consolidated version of IIA, addenda and other responses to regulatory requests

 

Adenda

 

Adenda (al IIA)

 

Addendum (to IIA)

 

DIA

 

Declaración de Impacto Ambiental

 

Approval (with conditions) of IIA

 

Actualización

 

Actualización al IIA

 

IIA biannual update

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Environmental Approvals

 

The project has been subject to lengthy and rigorous environmental review processes in both Chile and Argentina.  The environmental approvals held by the project are listed in Table 4-3, and described below.

 

Table 4-3: Environmental approvals as at December 31, 2010

 

Country

 

Document

 

Submittal
date

 

Approval
date

 

Resolution

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Argentina

 

5th update to Lama exploration IIA

 

14-Oct-04

 

28-Dec-05

 

RES-282-SEM-05

Argentina

 

Pascua-Lama project, exploitation phase IIA (TO)

 

1-Aug-06

 

5-Dec-06

 

RES-121-SEM-06

Argentina

 

Tudcum logistics center IIA

 

29-Aug-06

 

13-Dec-06

 

Acta No. 7

Argentina

 

1st update to Pascua-Lama IIA

 

22-Apr-09

 

16-Dec-09

 

RES-230-SEM-2009

Argentina

 

2nd update to Pascua-Lama IIA

 

6-May-10

 

Pending

 

 

Argentina

 

Powerline IIA (to ENRE)

 

21-May-09

 

Pending

 

 

Chile

 

Punta Colorada road EIA

 

19-Mar-96

 

11-Apr-96

 

011/1996

Chile

 

Pascua-Lama project EIA

 

30-Aug-00

 

25-Apr-01

 

039/2001

 

 

approval modification…

 

 

 

03-Jul-01

 

059/2001

Chile

 

Pascua-Lama project modifications EIA

 

6-Dec-04

 

15-Feb-06

 

024/2006

Chile

 

Power generation DIA

 

20-Mar-07

 

20-Jun-07

 

111/2007

Chile

 

Powerline DIA

 

14-Jun-07

 

11-Sep-07

 

2859/2007

Chile

 

Potrerillos lime & limestone facility DIA

 

13-Nov-08

 

27-Apr-09

 

090/2009

Chile

 

Potrerillos Haul Road

 

18-May-2010

 

15-Oct-2010

 

232/2010

Chile

 

Wind Farm DIA

 

1-Jul-07

 

30-Oct-07

 

186/2007

Chile

 

Wind Farm Enlargement and Modifications DIA

 

1-Jul-07

 

24-Sep-08

 

303/2009

Chile

 

Vallenar Logistic Center DIA

 

11-Apr-06

 

17-Aug-06

 

138/2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Approvals Process in Argentina

 

In Argentina, environmental management is regulated by National Law Nº 25675 (National Environmental Policy, 2002) which was passed based on the provisions of Article 41 of the Constitution. This law, which is of a general nature, establishes the minimum requirements for environmental organization and the application and interpretation of environmental norms.  The environmental legislation of the provinces and municipalities must be in line with the general norms.  Prior to this law, in the year 1995, the Province of San Juan enacted Provincial Law Nº 6634, the General Environmental Law, which defines as being of “Provincial Interest” all the actions and activities destined to reconcile environmental conservation and preservation with cultural, scientific and technological development. Also in force at that time was Provincial Law Nº 6571, on Environmental Impact Evaluation (1995), which established that all projects capable of modifying the provincial environment, whether directly or indirectly, must obtain an Environmental Impact Declaration (Declaración de Impacto Ambiental, DIA) from the Environmental Policy Under-Secretariat.  This law was modified by Provincial Law Nº 6800 (1997), which introduced important modifications including the exemption of mining activities from the scope of application of Law Nº 6571.  The modification established that the environmental evaluation process for mining projects must meet the provisions contained in the Mining Code.

 

Environmental norms were introduced into the Mining Code by means of Law Nº 24585 (1995). In accordance with Article 251 of the Mining Code, the holder of a mining right is obliged to assess the environmental impact produced by the proposed mining activity, and must therefore submit an Environmental Impact Report (Informe de Impacto Ambiental, IIA) to the enforcement authority.  By means of Provincial Decree Nº 589 of 1996, and later through Provincial Law Nº 6800 of 1997 (which modifies Provincial Law Nº 6571), the Province of San Juan designated the Mining Department, within the Mining Under-Secretariat, as the enforcement authority, with the participation of the Environmental Policy Under-Secretariat.

 

The Pascua-Lama project has twice been subjected to the environmental evaluation process for mining projects in San Juan province.  The first time was in 2000, when Barrick submitted an IIA.  During that first process the authorities of the Province, with the coordination of the Mining Department, requested complementary information on four occasions.  Barrick replied to such requirements by submitting reports (addenda) including additional data, with the last of such reports submitted in October 2001.  Barrick concurrently conducted presentations of the project in the neighboring areas of Jáchal and Iglesia, providing information to the communities in relation to the project’s characteristics, its environmental implications and environmental management measures.

 

 

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However, before receiving approval of the IIA, Barrick withdrew the Pascua- Lama project from the evaluation process in Argentina and announced the suspension of the project due to unfavorable economic circumstances and expressed the company’s plan to review the project’s design for its optimization.  In the meantime and following the merger with Homestake in 2001, Barrick submitted an IIA for the Veladero project, located a short distance from Pascua-Lama, and obtained approval from the Provincial authorities in November 2003.  A year later, after a revision period of the Pascua-Lama project, Barrick submitted the project once again to the evaluation process in San Juan, after having modified and upgraded its design.

 

In the 2004 IIA, the Veladero project was considered to be part of the baseline for Pascua-Lama, and the impacts of the two projects were assessed cumulatively.  The review process led to a request for complementary information on two occasions (with the requests responded by Barrick through Addenda) and to the planning and execution of numerous workshops in which the project was reviewed with the authorities and the community as part of a broad citizen participation program in the departments of Jáchal and Iglesia, reaching the towns of Rodeo, Las Flores, Iglesia, Tudcum, Angualasto, San José de Jáchal, Niquivil and Villa Mercedes.

 

The second IIA review process reached an unprecedented level of technical detail and citizen participation, and represented a landmark in environmental evaluation in Argentina; it was the first time a Provincial and National interdisciplinary commission—an entity formed through a special Decree which established the creation of the so-called Interdisciplinary Commission for Mining Environmental Evaluation (Comisión Interdisciplinaria de Evaluación Ambiental Minera, CIEAM)—participated in the evaluation of a project.  During the review process Barrick compiled all of the information from the 2004 IIA and its addenda, as well as other information related to the project’s environmental review, into a single document referred to as the Texto Ordenado (TO).  After two years of evaluation, the project was approved by means of Resolution Nº121-SEM-06 (the DIA), on 5 December 2006.  After receiving the approval Barrick sought the necessary sectoral permits and other authorizations to facilitate construction and operation of the project.  In addition Barrick has developed management plans and other responses to the conditions of the environmental approval.

 

Under Argentine law the IIA is to be updated at least every two years following approval.  Table 18 above lists the fifth update to the Exploration IIA under which exploration and ancillary activities were covered prior to submittal of the 2004 IIA, as well as the first bi-annual update to the TO.

 

At the time of writing there is also an IIA under regulatory review, for the powerline connecting the substation at the process plant with the Chilean

 

 

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border.  This document is being reviewed by federal government authorities, provincial authorities (which were informed of the development in the first required bi-annual project IIA Update submitted in April 2009, and is also currently under review).  A second IIA update was submitted as listed in Table 18 to document the limestone transportation system from the international border to the process plant, which was submitted on May 6, 2010 and is under review.

 

Approvals Process in Chile

 

The environmental impact review system has been in place in Chile since 1997.  This system was created under Law Nº 19300 on the General Bases of the Environment and it is regulated by Supreme Decree Nº 30/97 from the Ministry General Secretariat of the Presidency (modified by Supreme Decree N°95/01).  The law was amended on January 26, 2010 by Law 20,214.   Projects entering the system may undergo review via an Environmental Impact Declaration (Declaración de Impacto Ambiental, DIA) or an Environmental Impact Study (Estudio de Impacto Ambiental, EIA), depending on the nature and magnitude of anticipated environmental impacts.  The environmental impact assessment system (SEIA) contemplates the participation of the community during the EIA evaluation process, enabling it to make observations on the project and on the EIA, which must be taken into account by the authorities in their evaluation.  Various types of technical agencies having environmental jurisdiction participate in the review and evaluation of a project, covering matters such as health, air, water, flora, fauna, cultural heritage, transport, community, among others.  During the process, regulatory agencies can make inquiries to the company and require further data to carry out the evaluation, in the form of an ICSARA, in which case the title holder or the company must submit an Addendum with the information requested.  Prior to the recent amendments, projects received environmental approval through an Environmental Qualification Resolution (Resolución de Calificación Ambiental, RCA) issued by the Environmental Regional Commission (Comisión Regional de Medio Ambiente, COREMA), which was made up of the highest authorities in the Region where the project is located.  With the recent amendments to the law, RCAs will now be issued by the Evaluation Committee of the newly created Environmental Evaluation Agency (SEA). The SEA is an agency of the newly created Ministry of the Environment which replaced the National Environmental Commission (CONAMA).

 

The Pascua-Lama project was subjected to the SEIA on two occasions: the first time was in 2000, which resulted in Barrick obtaining environmental approval in 2001 to carry out the project in line with its original design (RCA N°39/01 modified by RCA N°59/01 from COREMA Atacama Region).  In November 2004, Barrick once again submitted the project to the SEIA to obtain environmental approval of certain modifications introduced as a result

 

 

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of a process for the revision and upgrading of Project design.  This second evaluation ended in February 2006 with approval issued by COREMA Atacama Region through RCA N°24/06.

 

The first environmental evaluation process for the Pascua-Lama project in Chile was a relatively normal process, which extended over a period of ten months.  During this period there was citizen participation through presentations of the project in various towns of the valley.  On that occasion, the authorities issued two ICSARAs which were addressed by Barrick by means of EIA Addenda.  By the end of this process—and for the first time in SEIA since 1997—concerns were raised in relation to the movement of three glacierets (today known as Toro 1, Toro 2 and Esperanza) that would result from the development of the open pit mine.  The project proposed removing some ice from parts of these ice bodies and transferring them to an adjacent sector.  The COREMA accepted this and, as a condition of project approval, required Barrick to submit a Glacier Management Plan before proceeding with the ice removal.

 

The second environmental review process started in December 2004, and was initially centered on specific modifications that Barrick had introduced to the Project’s design.  As had happened in the previous case, a citizen participation process was conducted in the valley; but on this occasion it was complemented with a door-to-door campaign by Barrick in the Tránsito and Carmen valleys.  However, the review process became contentious, with most of the controversy focused on potential impacts to the quality and quantity of water available to agricultural users in the Huasco valley, including potential impacts to glaciers and other ice masses in the vicinity of the project site.  Regulatory authorities redirected the environmental evaluation process approvals process to cover not only the project modifications described in the EIA but also the entire project.  The process generated three ICSARAs.  On the basis of the second ICSARA, Barrick opened up the analysis of the mitigation and compensation measures to the communities, in particular to the Huasco River’s Stewardship Board (Junta de Vigilancia, JdVRH), inviting the participation of professionals and advisors reporting to the JdV.  The goal was to provide reassurance to water users through the incorporation of jointly agreed upon mitigation and control measures, which would serve to provide a guarantee regarding the quality and the quantity of the basin’s water.  The result of this work is the current design of the system for the management and treatment of drainage from the Nevada Norte mined rock dump.  The current monitoring program for the waters of the basin, which includes more than 48 control points, as well as an on-line information system, is also the result of such work.

 

An issue that could not be resolved was the intervention of Toro 1, Toro 2 and Esperanza glaciers.  In the second SEIA process, after a long and extended debate on the matter which involved the participation of numerous authorities,

 

 

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academic institutions and non-governmental organizations, the authority decided to reject the removal and transfer of the ice, and established in the RCA that the open pit must be developed without affecting the ice masses.  Barrick revised the Project’s mine plan in accordance with this condition of approval.

 

The environmental review process ended with resolution N°24/06 (the RCA) which approves the current configuration of the Pascua-Lama project in Chile.  The conditions of the RCA are compliance requirements and form a partial basis for development of the project’s environmental management plan.

In addition to the main 2006 environmental approval, the Project holds several other environmental approvals related to ancillary facilities and project modifications that are listed in Table 4-4 below.

 

Status of Environmental Approval Conditions

 

Barrick has identified a total of 450 conditions of environmental approval contained within the RCAs (Chile) and DIAs (Argentina) listed in Table 4-4.  Compliance with these approval conditions is a legal requirement and is managed through the project’s compliance management system.  Table 4.4 also summarizes the status of the approval conditions.

 

Table 4-4: Environmental approval conditions status as of December 31, 2010

 

 

 

Approved

 

Submitted,
pending approval

 

In prep or ready
to submit

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chile

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pre-construction

 

61

 

4

 

17

 

82

 

Construction

 

130

 

45

 

135

 

310

 

Operation

 

12

 

0

 

32

 

44

 

Closure

 

0

 

0

 

12

 

12

 

Totals (Chile)

 

203

 

49

 

196

 

448

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Argentina

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pre-construction

 

13

 

5

 

4

 

22

 

Construction

 

219

 

49

 

60

 

328

 

Operation

 

45

 

17

 

52

 

114

 

Closure

 

0

 

0

 

13

 

13

 

Totals (Argentina)

 

277

 

71

 

129

 

477

 

 

Sectoral Permits and Authorizations

 

Barrick has identified a total of 925 sectoral permits and authorizations that are required to construct and operate the Pascua-Lama Project.  The process of obtaining, renewing and assuring compliance with these permits is managed through the Project’s compliance management system.  Table 4-5 summarizes the current permits status.  All significant permits required for construction have either been obtained or are in advanced stages of approval.

 

 

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Table 4-5: Sectoral permit status as of December 31, 2010

 

 

 

 

 

Submitted,

 

In prep or ready

 

 

 

 

 

Approved

 

pending approval

 

to submit

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chile

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pre-construction

 

155

 

22

 

89

 

266

 

Construction

 

123

 

29

 

184

 

336

 

Operation

 

6

 

0

 

39

 

45

 

Total Chile

 

284

 

51

 

312

 

647

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Argentina

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pre-construction

 

33

 

0

 

0

 

33

 

Construction

 

30

 

29

 

57

 

116

 

Operation

 

9

 

18

 

116

 

143

 

Total Argentina

 

72

 

47

 

173

 

292

 

 

Barrick has received substantially all of the necessary environmental approvals in both Chile and Argentina for development of Pascua-Lama, and is on schedule for submitting the remaining environmental documentation during the first quarter of 2011.  This includes the tails, waste rock and plant facilities.  Barrick has implemented plans to comply with the conditions of the environmental approvals and has obtained the key permits and authorizations for project construction.  Monitoring against the environmental baseline, public consultation and the development and implementation of environmental management plans are ongoing as project construction activities ramp up.

 

 

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5.0    Accessibility, Climate, Local Resources, Infrastructure and Physiography

 

5.1.                      Topography, Elevation and Vegetation

 

The topography on the property is steep and rugged, and is characterized by high sierras and deep valleys with natural slopes of 20 to 40 degrees.  Elevations on the property range from approximately 4300 m to 5250 m above sea level. Superficicial material consists of rock outcrops, talus, screw and colluviums (primarily gravel, sand, silt and clay).  Vegetation is sparse.

 

5.2.                      Physiography, Climate and Length of Operating Season

 

The area has high mountain semiarid weather, typical of this region with dry and temperate summers and cold and humid winters.  The temperature extremes range from -25°C in winter to +25°C in summer.  (Figure 4-1).

 

Figure 5-1: Pascua – Lama physiography

 

 

 

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5.3.                      Surface Rights

 

The Pascua-Lama Mineral Reserve area is entirely within the Campo de las Taguas boundaries.  BEASA is the owner of an undivided 90% interest in the Campo de las Taguas, with the remaining 10% interest in two equal shares owned by descendents of Esteban Villanueva.  To date, an agreement has not been reached with these two owners to acquire their remaining 10% interest in Campo de las Taguas.  BEASA could initiate a partition action to terminate the common ownership and to transfer a part of the Campo de las Taguas to these owners.  Given the size of the Campo de las Taguas and the relative ownership interest of the parties, it is considered unlikely that the partition of the Campo de las Taguas would terminate in a manner that would adversely affect development or operation of the Project.

 

In Chile, mining rights are dominant to the surface estate.  The Mining Code provides the mining concession owner with broad rights to establish easements for stockpiles, waste dumps, tailings, process facilities, power lines, roads, pipelines, etc., subject to the payment of reasonable compensation to the surface owner.

 

CMN owns all the surface property in and around the Project.  This property was purchased for locating mine facilities and to purchase water rights.

 

5.4.                      Local Resources and Infrastructure

 

Access Roads and Transportation

 

The existing infrastructure at the Project consists of the construction camp with sufficient services to accommodate 1500 people.  The Tres Quebradas airstrip is approximately 5km from the property and is sufficient for a Twin Otter.  (Figure 4-1).  This existing infrastructure is located within Chile.

 

Argentinean Access Road

 

The principal access into the Project site from the Argentinean side is via a 363km combination of paved, gravel and dirt roads from the city of San Juan, the capitol of San Juan province in Argentina.  A portion of these roads (176km, two-lane, gravel road) is shared access from Tudcúm to the Veladero plant site.  This road was constructed in 2003/2004 and is planned to be extended from the Protocol Area in the northeast quadrant of the Veladero mine site to connect with the in-plant south access road to the Pascua-Lama process plant.

 

At high altitude, road closures due to severe winter weather are estimated to be about 44 days without the installation of control systems and 24 days with control systems.  During a normal winter, this may reduce to 14 days and six days, respectively.

 

Figure 3-1 shows the access roads in Argentina and Chile.

 

 

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Chilean Access Roads - Alto Del Carmen Road

 

Route C-495, also known as the Alto Del Carmen road runs from Vallenar to the Potrerillo River then continues through the Potrerillo valley to the Tres Quebradas valley, for a total distance of 146km.  The road is paved from Vallenar to El Corral for a distance of approximately 100km with the remainder being constructed with a gravel surface.  This road passes through Alto Del Carmen, San Felix, Las Breas and El Berraco.  Road improvements and pedestrian safety zones have been constructed in each village.  A future by-pass around Alto Del Carmen has been designed and will be constructed in the next phase of the Project.  Other than minor snow clearing delays, no winter closures are expected on this portion of the road

 

Power Supply

 

It is planned to provide permanent power to the site by the end of 2011, by means of a new 220kV aerial transmission line, approximately 170km long, connecting to the Chilean grid at Punta Colorada, approximately 90km north of La Serena.  Detailed engineering for the 220kV transmission line and substations is complete.  Prior to connection to the grid, the Project will use diesel generators.

 

The first process line is scheduled to commence commissioning in the fourth quarter of 2012, at which time the operational power demand will start.  The second process line will be brought into production early in 2013 and the third will commence treating Non-Refractory (“NR”) ore late in 2014, transferring to the treatment of Refractory (“RF”) ore in mid-2015.  The estimated average demand for electrical energy during the early stages of operation increases from 68MW during the fourth quarter of 2012 to 94MW in the third quarter of 2014.  Peak demand during this period is estimated at 113MW.  By the fourth quarter of 2015, the Project will essentially reach steady-state conditions, with an average demand of 111MW and a peak of 121MW for a total annual consumption of 980GWh.

 

Given the Project’s location in close proximity to the Chilean grid, Barrick considered a number of available options with respect to securing a reliable source of power supply for the Project. In April 2010, CMN signed a power purchase agreement with a third party power generator for the supply of electricity for Pascua Lama.

 

Water Supply

 

Water for process and services, catchments and pumping to storage ponds are in the detailed design phase both for the Chilean and Argentine sides.  Construction will start once massive earth movement has been completed.  The potable water arrangement is in the detailed engineering phase and first installations will be completed together with the Barriales and Los Amarillos Camps.  ARD Water and the El Estrecho Basin arrangements are in the construction phase with

 

 

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completion expected Q2 2011.  The Rio Turbio Basin will commence following the establishment of the El Morro Dump (if required).

 

Buildings and Ancillary Facilities

 

Ancillary buildings will include service buildings, buildings for the storage of reagents, a laboratory, water intake and pumping facilities in remote areas, and fuel storage.

 

Primary Crusher, Ore Storage Bins, Cavern and Conveyor Tunnel

 

The primary crusher facilities will be located in the Pascua area at 4,750masl.  These facilities include the primary crusher building, the access shaft to the overland conveyor tunnel, storage bins in rock, and overland conveyor feeder facilities.

 

Two coarse ore storage bins, each with a capacity of approximately 6000t, will be excavated in rock, beneath the crushers.  From these bins, ore will be fed to the overland conveyor by feeders and a sacrificial conveyor, located in a concrete-lined underground room.  The room will also house the drive system for the overland conveyor, a 45/5t crane and

 

Coarse Ore Conveyor

 

The 1.07m-wide overland conveyor operating at 6m/s, will take the ore from the primary crusher at Pascua to the stockpile at Lama via a tunnel which is approximately 3.95km long.  This conveyor will be supported with a steel structure suspended from the back of the conveyor tunnel.

 

The conveyor tunnel will be excavated from the primary crusher room to approximately 600m before the stockpile.  From that point, the conveyor will be covered by a corrugated steel enclosure approximately 475m long.  The tunnel has a service road on one side of the conveyor and the entire tunnel will be out of the surface avalanche path.  Services, such as power and control systems, from Lama to Pascua, will also run through the tunnel.  Refuge chambers for personnel are included in the design.

 

Camp Site

 

Project personnel will work on a rotational basis.  Provision has been made for fully-appointed camp accommodations for both construction and operations personnel.

 

The existing Barriales camp in Pascua is situated at 3,720masl.  The camp has been upgraded to accommodate 1,500 beds and the new kitchen and dining facilities has been completed. Additional infrastructure upgrades, including a new polyclinic, offices and recreation facilities are under construction.  The camp will initially be used for construction of the El Estrecho Valley water management

 

 

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installations, primary crusher facilities, mine pioneering, pre-stripping, construction of the truck shop, and mine maintenance facilities.  Once construction is complete the camp will be reduced to approximately 1,000 permanent beds for operations.

 

For initial construction activities in the Lama Valley, a portion of the Veladero construction camp will be refurbished to provide approximately 290 beds.  The initial construction activities include the Protocol Area access gate, internal roads, start of mass earthwork, and Los Amarillos camp facilities.  Once the Los Amarillos camp, located at an elevation of 3,900masl, has adequate capacity to accommodate the construction personnel, they will be relocated from Veladero.  The ultimate capacity of Los Amarillos will be approximately 3,660 people; 3,000 for construction and 660 permanent quarters for operations.

 

Tailings Storage Facility Area

 

The Tailings Storage Facility (“TSF”) is located east of the processing plant in the Rio Turbio valley, at an elevation of 3,900masl.  Reclaim water is returned to the plant process water system.

 

Management of the TSF is described in more detail in Section 18.6.2

 

Waste Disposal Area

 

The Nevada Norte Waste Rock Facility (“WRF”), located at the head of the Rio del Estrecho Valley, and immediately north of the Pascua-Lama pit, is designated as the primary waste rock disposal area throughout the life of the mine.  The primary dump platform will be at 4,750masl with the development of a second level at 4,655masl to be commenced in Year 5.  The WRF has a design capacity of 1,200Mt and when completed will be approximately 600m high.

 

Management of the WRF is described in more detail in Section 18.6.1.

 

Communications

 

The permanent communication system is based on Fiber Optic (“FO”) cable which is part of the power line system.  All communications (voice, data, and signals) will be routed through the FO cable.  A provisional system will utilize the system currently available from Veladero Mine.  This will ultimately become the backup when the permanent system is established.  The emergency system is through VHF radio communications and satellite.

 

Manpower

 

In keeping with its social obligations, Barrick gives priority to the hiring of local people.  As such, it has implemented an extensive program on both sides of the border to train community members in various trades of interest to the Project.  The program is designed to provide skills that would help community members not only qualify for jobs at Pascua-Lama, but also for other projects and industries

 

 

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in the area.  This program is directed at establishing a pool of qualified people in certain specific trades so that when construction and operations begin, community members will be in a position to apply for these jobs.

 

Close to 10,000 people have participated in these courses to date, which will provide the Project with a suitable baseline of skilled tradespersons.

 

A scholarship program has been established for students of industrial schools within the Project zone who are pursuing careers related to mining.  The project has already hired a significant number of new graduates in order to start developing a qualified labor force that will be ready at the time of mine operation commencement.

 

 

6.0       History

 

6.1.      Historic Exploration Summary

 

To date no significant mining activity has taken place in the general vicinity of the Pascua-Lama project area.  Following discovery of the El Indio deposit 45 km to the south in the mid-1970’s, exploration efforts by St. Joe Minerals’ Compañia Minera San Jose (CMSA) and other companies to locate similar high grade gold vein systems intensified in the surrounding region.  This increased activity resulted in the discovery in 1977 of anomalous levels of gold mineralization in what was at that time identified as the Nevada Sector (synonymous with the Pascua project area) by surface geochemical sampling.  Soon after the discovery that same year, CMSA acquired the Nevada property and increased the level of geological, geochemical, and geophysical exploration activities.

 

On the Argentina side, St. Joe Minerals conducted exploration in the Lama sector through its subsidiary, Compañia Minera Aguilar S.A.   Early activity on the Lama side of the deposit generally lagged behind work on the Pascua portion by several years.  Exploration work at Lama remained fairly low key through the tenures of Bond Gold International of Australia (after its acquisition of St. Joe Minerals) and LAC Minerals of Canada, which subsequently acquired Bond Gold International.  Serious exploration in the Lama area did not take place until Barrick’s entry into the area through its merger with LAC Minerals in August 1994.  Barrick’s exploration activities on the Nevada project (both Pascua and Lama sectors) are discussed in Section 10.0 (Exploration).

 

A timeline of historical events for the Project are as follows:

 

Discovered in 1977 by St. Joe and CMSA;

 

1982 JV between CMSA, Anglo American and Compañia Minera Mantos Blancos;

 

1984 Anglo withdrew;

 

 

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1987 Bond Gold International acquires St. Joe;

 

1989 LAC acquired Bond and its holdings in Chile and Argentina;

 

1994 Barrick acquires LAC;

 

March 2009 Updated Feasibility Study completed; and

 

May 7, 2009 Barrick announces Protocol Tax Agreement between Argentina and Chile and subsequent Board approval to commence development of the Project. 5.1.1  Surveys and Investigations

 

The history of the exploration work completed on the Pascua and Lama sectors following the discovery of gold, but prior to Barrick’s acquisition of the Project, is summarized in the sub-sections below.  Because exploration work in the high Andes region typically extends from September to April (corresponding to summer in the southern hemisphere), each annual exploration field season bridges the end of one calendar year and the beginning of the next.

 

1977

 

Discovery by St. Joe and CMSA.

 

1978-1979

 

The first full exploration season included preliminary geologic mapping and geochemical sampling which revealed a strongly silicified zone containing anomalous gold, silver, and arsenic.  Follow-up surface rock chip sampling in a 6,000m2 area of Quebrada Pedro produced values as high as 5.0g/t gold, 10.3g/t silver, and 1.19% copper.

 

1979-1980

 

Geologic mapping and fracture analysis developed two major structural trends through the area and revealed anomalous gold, silver, and arsenic mineralization in the area around Brecha Central.  Construction of an access road from Conay to the Project area also was completed.

 

1980-1981

 

The geochemical sampling programs initiated in 1978 were completed and the results compiled on a base map, and 886 outcrop samples were collected.  Approximately 4.5km of roads were constructed in the Project area, which allowed access for the drilling of five diamond drill holes by Geotec (holes N-1, N-2, N-3, N-5, and N-6) and Continental Drilling (N-4) totalling 606m of NQ and BQ-diameter core.  Based on the drilling results and surface outcrop sampling, “Mineral Reserves” (non-NI 43-101 compliant) were estimated by CMSA that totalled 50Mt containing 5g/t to 6g/t gold, 75g/t to 100g/t silver, and 0.5% to 1.0%

 

 

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copper.  Given the very small number of drill holes, it is not likely that this estimate was made in a manner that is in accordance with current categories set forth in Sections 1.2 and 1.3 of Canadian NI 43-101.

 

1981-1982

 

Underground development of three tunnels (Esperanza, Frontera, and Maria) totalled approximately 818m.

 

1982-1983

 

Prior to the 1982-1983 field season, CMSA formed a joint venture with Anglo American and Compañia Minera Mantos Blancos to focus exploration on high-grade vein-hosted gold mineralization that could be mined by underground methods.  Work included sampling of 56 surface outcrops, with the highest grades encountered in Quebrada Negra (29g/t gold, 93.5g/t silver, 19.94% copper), and 1,103m of underground drifting along veins in the Nevada, Frontera, and Maria tunnels.

 

1983-1984

 

St. Joe formed CMN, and with Anglo American’s continued participation, developed the Alan Tunnel for a distance of 866m on the 4,360masl elevation.  Work also included the drilling of 20 horizontal small-diameter (AW) diamond core holes totalling 2,583m from underground stations in the Alan tunnel.  On the Lama side of the deposit, St. Joe’s subsidiary, CMA completed 18 surface diamond core holes.

 

1984-1987

 

After the 1983-1984 field season, Anglo American withdrew from participation in exploration of the Nevada (Pascua) project, and no further work took place during the three field seasons between late 1984 and early 1987.  In late 1987, Bond acquired St. Joe.

 

1987-1988

 

After Bond acquired CMN through its merger with St. Joe, exploration drilling resumed on the Nevada project with the completion of seven BW-diameter core holes from the Nevada tunnel.  During this field season, Compañia Minera del Pacifico S.A. performed a geologic evaluation of the Project for the purpose of a possible joint venture with CMN, but no agreement was reached.

 

1988-1989

 

Nevada project exploration focused on the Esperanza area in an effort to delineate sufficient mineable low-grade material to justify continued work on the Project.  Drilling from the surface included 28 conventional circulation 115mm

 

 

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diameter rotary holes (2,816m), nine 108mm diameter reverse circulation (“RC”) holes (553m), and 14BW-diameter diamond core holes (1,159m) drilled from the Esperanza tunnel workings.  In addition, 142m of drifting were completed in the Esperanza tunnel.

 

1989-1990

 

In late 1989, LAC acquired Bond and its holdings in Chile (CMN) and Argentina (CMA).  Drilling at Pascua was limited to one NW-diameter surface diamond core hole in the Esperanza Norte area (DDH-47: 82m) and eight RC holes (802m), all in the Esperanza Norte area.

 

1990-1991

 

Eighteen RC drill holes totalling 2,901m were completed in the Esperanza area.  The deepest of these holes reached 200m.

 

1991-1992

 

RC and diamond drilling was halted to allow for completion of 662m of roads to provide access to the higher elevations in the Esperanza area, and to begin a geochemical soil sampling program designed to better define the geologic model.

 

1992-1993

 

Based on the new geochemical data and revisions to the geologic model, it became apparent that the Nevada area was host to a major epithermal precious metal system.  RC drilling resumed in the Esperanza area, with 31 holes completed totalling 6,296m, several of which were drilled to depths between 250m and 300m.

 

1993-1994

 

During this last field season of LAC’s tenure, RC drilling increased substantially, with 109 holes completed totalling 27,036m.  Except for four holes that were drilled in relatively gentle terrain north of what is now defined as the Frontera zone, all holes were drilled in the Esperanza area.

 

 

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6.2.      Pascua-Lama Historical Reserves and Resources

 

The historical published reserve and resource estimates for Pascua Lama are summarized by year as follows:

 

Table 6-1: Pascua–Lama historical gold reserves and resources

 

 

 

Proven and Probable

 

Measured and Indicated

 

Inferred

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tonnage

 

Au

 

Au

 

Tonnage

 

Au

 

Au

 

Tonnage

 

Au

 

Au

 

 

(k-tonnes)

 

(g/tonne)

 

(k-ounces)

 

(k-tonnes)

 

(g/tonne)

 

(k-ounces)

 

(k-tonnes)

 

(g/tonne)

 

(k-ounces)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1993

 

0

 

0.000

 

0

 

0

 

0.000

 

0

 

0

 

0.000

 

0

1994

 

25,216

 

2.431

 

1,971

 

0

 

0.000

 

0

 

3,813

 

2.431

 

298

1995

 

25,796

 

2.342

 

1,942

 

0

 

0.000

 

0

 

18,284

 

2.507

 

1,474

1996

 

172,047

 

1.820

 

10,069

 

132,953

 

1.568

 

6,702

 

0

 

0.000

 

0

1997

 

176,391

 

1.977

 

11,210

 

158,425

 

1.171

 

5,965

 

0

 

0.000

 

0

1998

 

241,981

 

1.801

 

14,008

 

200,221

 

1.034

 

6,659

 

0

 

0.000

 

0

1999

 

289,456

 

1.841

 

17,136

 

195,478

 

1.051

 

6,606

 

0

 

0.000

 

0

2000

 

286,845

 

1.896

 

17,481

 

115,391

 

1.170

 

4,341

 

52,587

 

0.314

 

531

2001

 

296,411

 

1.769

 

16,862

 

115,845

 

0.936

 

3,487

 

126,841

 

0.852

 

3,475

2002

 

268,903

 

1.950

 

16,862

 

105,094

 

1.032

 

3,487

 

115,069

 

0.939

 

3,475

2003

 

268,903

 

1.950

 

16,862

 

105,094

 

1.032

 

3,487

 

115,069

 

0.939

 

3,475

2004

 

327,278

 

1.674

 

17,615

 

39,434

 

2.206

 

2,797

 

33,320

 

1.506

 

1,613

2005

 

360,555

 

1.583

 

18,349

 

55,712

 

1.286

 

2,304

 

18,507

 

1.686

 

1,003

2006

 

354,700

 

1.490

 

16,988

 

68,791

 

1.401

 

3,099

 

11,747

 

1.358

 

513

2007

 

403,347

 

1.386

 

17,978

 

89,955

 

1.300

 

3,760

 

13,814

 

1.279

 

568

2008

 

399,371

 

1.387

 

17,806

 

119,290

 

1.222

 

4,687

 

14,899

 

1.238

 

593

2009

 

384,522

 

1.443

 

17,839

 

139,137

 

1.078

 

4,821

 

22,043

 

1.421

 

1,007

2010

 

384,588

 

1.443

 

17,845

 

210,097

 

0.927

 

6,260

 

29,294

 

1.251

 

1,178

 

 

6.3.      Historic Production

 

The Pascua Lama project is not yet in production and there has been no previous production from the property.

 

 

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7.0     Geologic Setting

 

7.1.      Regional Geology

 

The Pascua-Lama deposit is situated at the crest of the high cordillera of Region III, along the international border between Chile and Argentina and on the northern edge of a major mineralized trend known as the El Indio belt.  This trend, along which a number of major precious metal deposits are located (including the nearby Veladero deposit), stretches 47 kilometers south of Pascua-Lama to the world-renowned El Indio deposit and adjacent Tambo deposit.

 

The geology in the region is dominated by extrusive volcanic rocks that are locally intruded by hypabyssal stocks of varying size and numerous dikes and sills (see Figure 7-1).  Volcanic activity began with deposition of the Permian Guanaco/Sonso felsic ash flows from a caldera 15 km east of Pascua-Lama and subsequent intrusion of the Permian-Triassic Chollay crystalline felsic rocks along the extent of the El Indio belt.  These events were followed by intrusion of the Triassic Pascua-Lama granite complex in the immediate vicinity of the project.    Deposition of extrusive volcanic rocks and continued intrusive activity resumed in the Oligocene with the Bocatoma diorite stocks (33-36 Ma), the Tilito dacite ash flows (27.2-17.5 Ma) the Escabroso mafic andesite and andesitic flows (21.0-17.5 Ma), and the Cerro de Las Tortolas I andesites (16.0 ± 0.2 -14.9 ± 0.7 Ma), after which volcanic activity decreased markedly in the vicinity of the El Indio belt.  Subsequent activity was confined to the Vacas Heladas intermediate dacitic domes, lava flows and felsic tuffs (12.8-11.0 Ma), and the Late Miocene rhyodacite dikes at Pascua.  The most recent activity in the region included deposition of the post mineralization silicic Vallecito rhyolites south of Pascua-Lama in the vicinity of Cerro de Las Tortolas, and the Upper Pliocene Cerro de Vidrio rhyolite.  All ages are from Bissig et al., (2000a & 2001) and Martin et al., (1995).

 

Regional structure in and around the gold deposits and prospects in the El Indio belt is dominated by northerly-trending high angle reverse faults, normal faults and fold belts oriented parallel to the major structural grain of this portion of the Andean Cordillera.  Pascua-Lama is positioned near the center of a northerly trending graben that contains nearly the entire Tertiary volcanic sequence that is distributed along the spine of the cordillera in Chile and Argentina.  This graben is bounded by two high angle reverse fault zones, the Baños del Toro/Chollay located 10 km west of the deposit and the El Indio zone situated 16 km to the east. The graben is cut at Pascua and El Indio by strong, west-northwest fracture zones, which form loci for mineralization.  Large elliptical fracture zones are also present immediately to the east and/or northeast of both El Indio/Tambo and the Pascua-Lama/Veladero deposit areas (see Figure 7-1), and these zones may have contributed to host rock permeability.

 

 

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Figure 7-1:  Pascua-Lama Regional Geology

 

 

7.2.      Deposit Geology

 

Lithology

 

Since the late Paleozoic, the Pascua-Lama area has been the center of repeated intrusive and volcanic activity, beginning with a sequence of dacite and rhyolite ignimbrite ash flows deposited in the early Permian.  These units include a sequence of crystal lithic tuff, crystal tuff, quartz-eye tuff and a lithic quartz-eye tuff that is exposed in the central to southwest portions of the Pascua-Lama district.  The flows were then intruded during Late-Permian/Triassic time by a granite batholith, which comprises the Pascua-Lama granite intrusive complex and

 

 

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occupies the central and eastern portions of the district.  This intrusive complex is the dominant host lithology for the deposit, and it consists of an upper fine-grained, weakly porphyritic aplite overlying a porphyritic granite/granite porphyry, that in turn overlies a coarse-grained granite aplite.  Locally, coarse-grained equigranular granite occurs at greater depth.

 

After a long hiatus that extended into the Oligocene, numerous small diorite stocks and dikes were intruded into the granite complex and volcanics.  One of these diorite stocks has an exposure approximately 800 meters in diameter, and this stock will likely occupy a portion of the southern high wall of the eventual Pascua-Lama open pit.  Dike emplacement continued into the Miocene, followed by deposition of Upper Middle Miocene dacite ash flows.  This Miocene intrusive activity was the precursor to the magmatism and associated hydrothermal activity around 8.78-8.79 Ma that produced the Pascua deposit.  In the waning stages of mineralization the emplacement of rhyodacite porphyry dikes concluded the magmatic activity at Pascua-Lama.

 

Numerous breccia bodies are also present in the Pascua-Lama area. In surface outcrop, these breccias vary in dimension from centimeters up to hundreds of meters in diameter. Typically the breccias show a strong correlation to zones of intersection of two or more major structural zones, as described in the following section.  The textures of these breccias vary from clast-supported to matrix-supported fragments.  The clast-supported breccias frequently contain fragments of only a single rock type, but some of the younger breccias are polymictic. The matrix-supported breccias contain fragments of all lithologies that the breccias cut, and matrices typically consist of quartz, alunite, and clays.

 

Brecha Central in the Quebrada de Pascua area is a good example of a matrix-supported breccia pipe that formed as a result of an explosive hydrothermal event related to the emplacement of the main portion of the Pascua deposit.  In surface outcrop, Brecha Central is about 650 meters long and up to 250 meters in width, with the long axis of the body oriented along an azimuth of ±295°.  Between 200 and 400 meters below the surface the pipe narrows to approximately 550 meters in length and up to 130 meters in width.  Brecha Central is known to extend at depth to at least 700 meters below the surface.

 

Other breccias in the Pascua-Lama deposit include Brecha Oeste and Breccia Sur.  Brecha Oeste is a post-mineral body that is oriented north-south along the Brecha Oeste fault zone.  It measures up to 500 meters in length by as much as 150 meters wide, and extends at least 300 meters below surface.  Brecha Sur is also post-mineral.  It encompasses two distinct bedded breccia bodies found near the head of Quebrada de Pedro that are elongated in a northeasterly direction and which plunge slightly to the northeast.

 

Figure 7-2, shows the lithologies exposed on the surface of the Pascua-Lama deposit.  Figure 7-3 is a north-northeast cross section showing the relationship of these lithologies at depth in

the central portion of the deposit.

 

 

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Figure 7-2: Pascua – Lama Surface Geology

 

 

 

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Figure 7-3 Pascua –Lama Geologic Cross Section

 

GRAPHIC

 

 

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Structure

 

Most faults in the Pascua-Lama deposit are wider in surface outcrop and contain more gouge and breccia than in the subsurface where the same structures are intersected by underground workings.  Individual faults tend to be narrower in width when hosted by silicified rock as opposed to argillized rock.  There is also a tendency for the faults to bifurcate into multiple splays close to and within mineralizing centers, whereas single structures are more the norm peripheral to and outside of these centers.

 

The structural framework of the Pascua-Lama deposit has been divided into six principal sets, each of which is characterized by a range of common azimuths.  All of these generalized sets contain numerous individually named zones or single faults.  For example, the major north-south Central fault zone is part of the generalized north-south Pedro fault set.  Also, some fault zones consist of multiple strands with similar names, such as Pedro, Pedro Este and Pedro Este 1, among others.

 

The principal structure sets (with azimuth ranges shown in parentheses) are summarized as follows:

 

Pedro (345°-010°)

 

The Pedro and Esperanza structure sets are the two most abundant and pervasive fracture sets identified at Pascua-Lama.  Movement for the Pedro structure set was sinstral, with no dextral offsets recorded.  Most of these structures are joints, sheeted joints, veinlets and veins that are typically 1 to 5 mm wide, although thicker structures in the 10 to 50 mm range are not uncommon, and wider (0.3 m to 1.2 m) individual structures have been mapped.   As a general rule, fracture frequency ranges from 1 to 4 per meter, but frequencies can be up to 5 to 20 per meter in the Esperanza portion of the deposit where some of the wider fractures occur. Pre-mineralization monomictic and polymictic breccias (such as Brecha Central) are locally focused in areas where Pedro structures are intersected by other fracture sets. Thin tectonic breccias have also been observed to be controlled by Pedro structures.  Dikes of varying composition (felsic, rhyolitic, andesitic and rhyodacitic) are also found at numerous locations in this fracture system.

 

Esperanza (010°-030°)

 

Esperanza structures display either sinistral or no movement.  Most are joints or sheeted joints, veinlets, and veins that normally range in thickness from 1 to 5 mm, although like the Pedro system, wider structures with more pronounced widths ranging from 50 to 500 mm occasionally occur, along with large individuals up to 4 to 5 meters.  Generally the fracture frequency of Esperanza structures is on the order of one per meter, but in the Brecha Sur portion of the deposit frequencies up to 3 per meter occur around some of the wider fractures.  Pre-

 

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mineralization monomictic and polymictic breccias with fluidized matrices occur in this set where intersected by north-south structures.  Narrow tectonic breccias are also common in this system, along with felsic, andesitic and rhyodacitic dikes.

 

Pascua (280°-315°)

 

Structures in the Pascua set (along with Escondite, Raúl and José structures) are among the four less abundant pervasive structural sets. Pascua structures (which display no evidence of movement) typically consist of joints, zones of sheeted joints, veinlets or veins, breccia zones and dikes.  The walls of joints and veinlets are normally 1-3 mm apart, but where veins, breccia zones and dikes occur, widths can be up to 10 to 100 mm, with sparse two-meter wide structures occurring locally.  As a rule, the joint frequency is 2 per meter, but near Brecha Central structure frequency increases to as much as 6 per meter in and around the wider structures.  Pre-mineralization monomictic and polymictic breccia dikes, as well as andesite, diorite, dacite, rhyodacite and silicified fine-grained dikes all occur in the Pascua structural set

 

José (315° -345°)

 

Like Pascua, Raul, and Escondite structures, the José structures fall within one of the four least abundant but pervasive structural sets. Most of the José structures are joints or sheeted joints, veinlets, and veins with widths that typically fall within a broad range (1 to 50 mm wide), with more robust fractures in the range of 100-350 mm and less common exceptional structures as wide as three meters.  As a rule, the fracture frequency is around 2 per meter, but this can increase to as high as 4 per meter east of Brecha Central, where the thickest fractures occur.  Pre-mineralization monomictic and polymictic breccias like Brecha Central are locally focused at intersections between Jose structures and other sets.  Andesite and various silicified fine-grained dikes also occur in this set. The amount of displacement and direction of movement along Jose structures have not been determined.

 

Raúl (030°-065°)

 

The less abundant Raúl structures consist of joints, sheeted joints, veinlets and veins that are normally 1 to 5 mm wide, with wider fractures from 15 to 50 mm and less common exceptional structures from 0.5-1.5 m in width.  Generally the fracture frequency ranges from 1 to 5 per meter.  Locally, polymictic and monomictic breccias up to 4 to 5 meters in width occur in this structure set.  These breccias contain sub-angular to sub-rounded fragments of granite and dike material.   A few andesite dikes also occupy structures in this set.  Both sinstral and dextral movements have been recorded on the Raul structures, although sinistral movement is more common.

 

 

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Escondite (065°-100°)

 

The Escondite structure set consists of joints, sheeted joints, veinlets and veins that are typically 1 to 5 mm in width, although more prominent structures can range from 10 to 30mm wide and exceptional ones can reach up to 20 cm wide.  Generally, the fracture frequency ranges from 1 to 2 per meter.  Locally, polymictic and monomictic breccias as wide as 2 to 4 meters occur in Escondite structures, as well as andesite dikes.  No movement has been recorded for Escondite structures.

 

Flats (0°-30°)

 

The seventh structural set is a compilation of low angle structures that include south dipping Escondite, east dipping Pedro and west-northwest dipping Esperanza structures.   Flats usually strike parallel to the previously described six sets of fractures, and most consist of weakly developed systems of joints, veinlets and veins that are normally 1 to 5 mm thick but which can reach up to 2 to 10 cm.  Generally, the frequency of the flat structures averages about one per meter.  Locally, this set controls polymictic and monomictic breccias, but no dikes are known to occupy structures in this set.  A maximum low angle reverse movement of 1 to 5 cm has been recorded for these structures, with the hanging wall usually displaced toward Brecha Central.

 

 

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8.0     Deposit Type

 

The gold, silver, and copper mineralization and alteration assemblages at Pascua-Lama are associated with a structurally controlled acid sulfate hydrothermal system hosted by intrusive and volcanic rock sequences of Upper Paleozoic and Middle Tertiary age.  Alteration and mineralization is of the high-sulfidation, epithermal type. Throughout the Pascua-Lama district, the alteration and mineralization appear to have been strongly controlled by structure. This control is most evident along the Esperanza, Pedro and Quebrada de Pascua fault systems.

 

The presence of hypabyssal intrusive host rocks that are not related to mineralization is unusual for high sulfidation deposits, making Pascua-Lama (along with Barrick’s Alto Chicama deposit in Peru, which is hosted by meta-sedimentary rocks) somewhat unique among deposits of this type.

 

 

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9.0     Mineralization

 

9.1.                      Occurrence

 

The emplacement of mineralization (as well as development of the breccias which host mineralization) at Pascua was controlled by high angle faults.  Six high angle fault sets have been identified, striking west-northwest, north-northeast, north-south, northwest, northeast and east-west.  The breccias, which host much of the gold-silver mineralization, occur at the intersections of three or more fault sets.  Here, mineralization is found mainly in veinlets that are hosted by fractures of the intersecting high angle fracture zone sets, although minor mineralization also occurs in the selvage around veinlets.  Low angle fractures within the breccias often contain significant gold-copper±silver mineralization, and mineralization occurring within the matrix of breccia bodies is also important.  Crosscutting relationships and age dating constrain the bulk of gold and silver mineralization between about 12 and 7.8 Ma, with most of the mineralization likely taking place approximately eight Ma ago.

 

In total, at least 14 major centers of mineralization and a number of smaller centers have been recognized, of which Brecha Central is the most significant.  Other major centers (in order of decreasing importance) include Brecha Pedro and Frontera, which are located approximately 410 meters and 350 meters to the west-northwest and northeast, respectively, of Brecha Central, and Esperanza Norte, Seis Esquinas, Brecha Rosada, Brecha Sur, Central Norte, Esperanza Sur, Morro Oeste, Huerfano, Escondite, Penelope Este, and Penelope Oeste (see Plate 14 in RL report).

 

9.2.                      Precious Metals

 

Gold occurs primarily as native metal at Pascua-Lama, but it also is found in very minor amounts in gold telluride inclusions within enargite.  These gold tellurides include calaverite (AuTe2), muthmannite [(Ag,Au)Te], and goldfieldite [Cu12(Te,Sb)4S13].  Economic gold mineralization is centered on the area immediately surrounding and extending slightly south of Brecha Central, and around the smaller Brecha Pedro and Frontera zones.  To the west of Brecha Central, gold mineralization extends to the Esperanza structural zone and then runs southward in that zone.  To the east of Brecha Central gold mineralization extends to the Lama structural zone, then northward along that zone.  Gold tends to occupy a zone of elevation between 4550 and 4850 meters, but eastward in the Frontera area it extends up to as high as 4930 meters, while in the Brecha Central area it can extend down to 4400 meters along strong structural zones.

 

Silver mineralization grossly mimics the distribution of gold but over a much broader lateral area.  In any particular zone, silver typically occurs across widths that are two to three times those of gold. Generally, silver also occupies an elevation range that overprints the vertical extent of gold between 4600 and 4880

 

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meters, with local zones along structures extending upwards to 4950-5000 meters. The upper 150 meters of the silver zone tends to average between 50-200 g/mt silver while grades in the lower portion of the zone tend to average between 20 to 40 g/mt.  The higher grade silver content of the upper 150 meters reflects the presence of an enriched blanket of secondary silver mineralization related to a paleo water table, while the lower grade zone beneath the blanket is primary silver mineralization associated with pyrite and enargite. Within the secondary blanket, the silver occurs predominantly as chlorargyrite (AgCl) and lesser amounts of idoargyrite (AgI) and minor amounts of native silver, acanthite (Ag2S), and muthmannite [(Ag,Au)Te].  The silver blanket cross cuts all other alteration and mineralization zones and is continuous across the top of the gold-silver-copper mineralized centers.  , In general, silver correlates with mercury (which occurs as calomel in the silver blanket) in the Pascua-Lama deposit, but it does not correlate with gold.

 

9.3.                      Sulfide Mineralization

 

Other than gold and silver, copper is the only metal in the Pascua-Lama deposit that occurs in significant quantities, primarily as enargite and copper sulfates.  Although local zones of higher grade copper can be found that are up to one meter wide and run as high as 10 percent copper, most copper values range between 0.1% and 0.4%.  Enargite occurs as irregular grains to massive aggregates, commonly with solid inclusions of cassiterite (SnO2) and locally containing inclusions of native gold, calaverite (AuTe2), pyrite II, stibnite (Sb2S3), muthmannite [(Ag,Au)Te], and goldfieldite [Cu12(Te,Sb)4S13].

 

The principal sulfide gangue minerals in the Pascua-Lama deposit include four stages (I-IV) of pyrite (FeS2) and enargite (Cu3AsS4), with very minor amounts of galena (PbS) and sphalerite (ZnS) (which are found mostly as constituents in quartz veinlets), covelite (CuS) and chalcocite (Cu2S).  Pyrite comprises approximately 88% to 92% of all sulfides, with enargite accounting for the remaining 8 to 12%.  Pyrite I, the earliest stage, is characterized by fine grained euhedral to subhedral crystal habits and is texturally homogeneous except for minor solid inclusions, which are most commonly rutile (TiO2).  Pyrite I is most prevalent on the margins of the deposit and is seldom found within the main mineralized zones, as the later pyrite types usually replace it.  Pyrite II can be fine to coarse grained with a generally irregular habit, dull to medium in luster and ranging in color from brown-green to the normal pyrite yellow.  Pyrite II (an oscillatory-zoned arsenian variety) often contains gold (see Figure 9-1) in amounts much greater than those found in the other pyrite types, with gold contents tending to increase with increasing elevation in the deposit.  Pyrite III is a brassy, sterile, medium to coarse-grained pyrite that occurs with enargite, but with a distribution that is more widespread.  Pyrite IV consists of green to brown greigite (Fe2S3) that has a fine grained irregular habit and a dull luster.  It typically occurs in botryoidal forms in veins, and it is believed to account for less than 1.0-1.5% of total sulfides in the deposit.

 

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Figure 9-1:  Gold Grains (Yellow) included in Pyrite II Grain

 

 

9.4.                      Oxide and Sulfate Mineralization

 

Oxide minerals found across the Pascua-Lama deposit as products of weathering or hydrothermal alteration include limonite, hematite, jarosite [K2Fe6(OH)12(SO4)4], kaolinite [Al2Si2O5(OH)4], dickite [Al2Si2O5(OH)4], diaspore [AlO(OH)], zunyite [Al13O4(Si5O16)(OH,F)18Cl], pyrophyllite [Al2Si4O10(OH)2], illite [K(H3O)Al2(Si3AlO10)(OH)2, smectite (Na,Ca).33(Al,Mg)2Si4)O10(OH)2·nH2O), chlorite, and scordite (FeAsO4·2H2O).

 

A wide variety of sulfates are present in the Pascua-Lama deposit.  These include the insoluble sulfates barite (BaSO4), gypsum ((CaSO4·2H2O), and anglesite (PbSO4), and an abundant suite of soluble sulfates that include szomolnokite (Fe+2SO4·H2O), voltaite [K2Fe5+2Fe4+3(SO4)12·18H2O], rhomboclase [HFe+3(SO4)2·H2O], coquimbite [Fe3+2(SO4)·9H2O], chalcanthite [CuSO4·5H2O], roemerite [Fe+2Fe2+3(SO4)4·14H2O],   paracoquimbite [Fe2+3(SO4)3·9H2O], alunogen [Al2(SO4)3·17H2O], copiapite [Fe+2Fe4+3(SO4)6(OH)2·20H2O], ferricopiapite [Fe+3Fe4+3(SO4)6O(OH)·20H2O], and halotrichite [Fe+2Al2(SO4)4·22H2O].   Pascua is relatively unique among mineral deposits for its abundance and variety of soluble sulfates.  In areas of strong silicification the sulfates predominantly occur within fractures.  Where silicification is less intense, sulfates are found both in veinlets and also as disseminated replacements of some combination of sulfide minerals, alunite, illite and orthoclase.  Where large volumes of weakly to moderately silicified rock contain soluble sulfate minerals, the sulfate content can be inversely proportional to the amount of silica present.

 

The occurrence of the poorly crystalline sulfates that contain high amounts of water (copiapite, alunogen, and rare halotrichite) appears to be a result of exploration activities (water migrating into the rocks from drilling, exposure of rocks on the tunnel ribs and backs to humid air ventilating the workings, the

 

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relocation of rock samples to a more humid, near-sea level environment which adversely and sometimes rapidly affects earlier more massive crystalline sulfate species, etc.).  In the sulfate assemblage present at Pascua-Lama, soluble sulfates can be divided into low, medium and high categories based on the relative solubility of each mineral.  Szomolnokite and voltaite fall into the slow solubility category. The intermediate solubility group consists of coquimbite, chalcanthite and romerite, while the high solubility group contains the varieties that dissolve almost immediately in water (copiapite, alunogen and halotrichite).  Because the high levels of soluble sulfates in the deposit have direct implications on metallurgical recoveries (and perhaps also on waste dump stabilities), Barrick project geologists have attempted to document sulfate mineral occurrences and contents during logging of the drill core and reverse circulation cuttings.

 

9.5.                      Alteration

 

Alteration is intimately associated with precious metal mineralization at Pascua-Lama.  An early advanced argillic alteration stage (AA I) consists of quartz-alunite-pyrite (QAP) haloes that are most intense around mineralizing centers.  These zones coalesce to form a large zone that surrounds all of the mineralizing centers. This early advanced argillic alteration is followed by brecciation and a second stage (AA II) of advanced argillic alteration/mineralization comprised of alunite-pyrite-enargite (APE) that forms a zone nearly coincident with the earlier zone.  Moving outwards from an individual mineralizing center, alteration ranges from a central quartz zone through quartz-alunite, quartz-alunite-dickite, quartz-alunite-kaolinite, quartz-illite, illite-smectite zones, and into a propylitic zone in local peripheral diorite bodies.  Pyrophyllite is the dominant clay mineral below a depth of 4500-4550 meters, where gold mineralization is rare.  It also occurs in narrow tabular structure zones up to an elevation of around 4900 meters.

 

Superimposed on the advanced argillic assemblage is a steam heated alteration stage, which on the surface consists of an east-west elongated zone centered on Brecha Central and extending eastward to the cliffs that form the surface expression of the Lama fault zone in Argentina (see Figure 9-2).  Beneath the surface it persists broadly down to the 4850 m elevation, reaching greater depths along strong structural zones.  A second steam-heated zone occurs in an arcuate pattern around  the east and north margins of the large silicified zone in the Penelope deposit.  This zone, which is up to 90 meters wide, flares out along southwest-trending faults on its southern end.  An opaline silica (thought to represent the elevation of the hydrothermal water table in the waning stage of supergene alteration) is found at the lower margin of the steam heat alteration zone, extending to a depth of 4750 m.

 

A silica cap that ranges from 100 m to 325 m thick occupies a position beneath the main body of steam heat alteration.  The cap is divided into three zones — an upper silica-gold zone, a middle pyrite-silica zone, and a lower pyrite-szomolnokite zone, which is the most prominent of the three and is where gold contents in the cap are the highest.  The blanket of silver enrichment mentioned

 

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Figure 9-2 Pascua-Lama Surface Alteration

 

 

 

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previously in this section crosscuts all three zones.  The cap is generally thickest on the margins of the deposit.

 

At the interface between the top of the APE sulfide zone and the overlying silica cap, deposition alternated between sulfides and sulfates due to fluctuating conditions, resulting in precipitation of alternating bands of colloform zoned pyrite and szomolnokite.

 

Table 9-1 summarizes the chronology and the relationships between the various alteration and mineralization stages at Pascua-Lama.  The assemblages shown in the table progress from older events at the bottom to younger events at the top, except for steam heated alteration, which developed throughout emplacement of the deposit.  The areas of the table with a blue background denote pre-mineral alteration, while the yellow background depicts those stages that emplaced mineralization.  The letter groups (AKF, QAJ, etc.) indicate codes used by Barrick project geologists for mapping and logging of alteration and mineralization.

 

Table 9-1: Pascua Alteration Types and Chronology

 

Chronology

 

Alteration type

 

Includes assoc. mineralized facies

Post mineralization

 

Steam heated (AKF, M)

 

strong, med alunite-kaolinite

 

 

Alunite-jarosite (QAJ)

 

Alunite-jarosite±scorodite

Syn-mineralization
(post Brecha
Central)

 

Silicic II

 

1 - Massive (SM). Texture-destructive.
2 - SiO
2 1-5. Not texture-destructive

 

 

 

 

1 - Silica-gold
2 – Pyrite

All during AA II

 

 

 

Pyrite-szomolnokite (PS)

 

 

Vuggy silica II

 

 

 

 

Advanced argillic II (AA II)

 

Alunite-pyrite-enargite (APE). Occurs in stockworks, veins & disseminated in
Brecha Central & around the deposit.

Uncertain timing

 

Silicification

 

Appears as silica-gold on maps. Lower
levels of deposit.

Pre-mineralization (pre Brecha Central)

 

Silicic I

 

1 - Massive (SM). Texture destructive.
2 – SiO
2 1-5. Not texture destructive

 

 

Vuggy silica I

 

 

Early

 

Advanced argillic I (AA I)

 

Quartz-alunite-pyrite (QAP), early

 

9.6.                      Mineralization and Alteration Paragenesis

 

The alteration and mineralization types found in most of the mineralized centers of the Pascua-Lama deposit are similar, but the orientation of the fracture sets that provide the plumbing for the mineralizing fluids at each center can be different.  Almost 98% of all structural data collected from the deposit is related to veinlets, and very few structures lack some form of hydrothermal filling.  Within

 

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each center, veinlets are found representing one or more of the seven structural sets described in the text following Table 9-2.

 

Table 9-2 (excerpted from Leonardson, et al, 2003) outlines the types, age relations, and the paragenetic sequence for the alteration, veining, and mineralization in the Pascua-Lama deposit.   Advanced argillic alteration veinlets are shown in blue (early alteration, AA I) and yellow (late alteration and mineralization, AA II).  Advanced argillic veinlets do not have alteration halos except where overprinted by cooler, younger silica veinlets with silica halos.  The various veinlet types summarized in Table 9-2 are described below, from oldest to youngest:

 

Table 9-2: Alteration, Veining, and Mineralization Paragenesis

 

 

Gray silica veinlets (barren)

 

Gray silica veinlets are the earliest of the fracture fillings, typically occurring as stockworks barren of sulfides.  These are found predominantly in granite A, in and around the Esperanza tunnel (4,764 m elevation), and also sparingly in outcrops of granites B and C at the international border to about 450-500 meters below the surface.  These veinlets range up to 2 to 5 mm in width, and local veinlet densities can exceed 25 per meter across zones up to 150 meters wide.

 

White silica veinlets

 

These veinlets, which occur principally in the western parts of the deposit in association with illite-smectite alteration, contain milky white quartz surrounded by

 

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irregular haloes of white silica and rare pyrite.  Widths typically range from 1 to 5 mm, although locally veinlets up to 15 mm wide can be found.  Veinlet frequencies generally range between 1 and 4 per meter, with local occurrences up to 9 per meter.

 

Gray silica veinlets with minor pyrite

 

This second type of gray silica veinlet, which occurs throughout the deposit in association with quartz-illite alteration, contains minor fine-grained pyrite surrounded by irregular haloes of gray silica.  Veinlet widths typically range from 3 to 5 mm, but on rare occasions widths can reach 10 mm.  Veinlet densities usually range between 1 and 4 per meter, but can be found as high as 6 per meter.

 

Quartz-pyrite and dark pyrite veinlets

 

These structurally similar veinlets appear to have formed contemporaneously with the quartz-alunite-pyrite (QAP) early advanced argillic alteration.  The dark veinlets owe their color to the presence of fine-grained pyrite.  Veinlet widths typically range from 1 to 3 mm, with local occurrences up to 30 to 55 mm.  Veinlet frequencies usually range from 1 to 4 per meter, but frequencies up to 11 per meter can be found.

 

Alunite and alunite-silica veinlets

 

The alunite in these veinlets is generally milky white in color.  Widths range from 1 to 3 mm, with rare veinlets as wide as 10 mm.  The frequency usually ranges between 1 to 5 veinlets per meter.

 

Pyrite-alunite veinlets

 

Pyrite-alunite veinlets (which sometimes contain silica) appear to correlate with the second stage of advanced argillic alteration and mineralization, and are the most abundant and widely distributed veinlets in the Pascua-Lama deposit. These veinlets lack halos, and where the host rock is oxidized they are altered to alunite-jarosite veinlets.  Pyrite-alunite veinlets are variable in width, typically ranging from 3 to 10 mm wide, but occasionally reaching 20 to 30 mm, with the largest recorded at 80 mm.  Veinlet densities usually range between 1 and 10 per meter, but frequencies can run as high as 21 per meter.

 

Alunite-pyrite-enargite veinlets

 

These veinlets, which are part of the mineralizing episode responsible for copper deposition, occupy both steep and flat structures, combining to produce the open enargite stockwork around Brecha Central.  Occasionally containing silica and often displaying banded textures indicative of repetitive episodes of emplacement, individual widths for this veinlet group usually fall in the 1 to 5 mm range.  However, in places these veinlets widen to 10 to 30 mm, and on rare

 

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occasions they can reach 500 to 600 mm in width.  Veinlet frequencies range from 1 to 7 per meter.

 

Enargite-brassy pyrite veinlets

 

Crosscutting relationships between veinlets containing enargite and brassy pyrite and alunite-pyrite-enargite veinlets are not sufficiently clear to establish whether these two sets are contemporaneous or the enargite-brassy pyrite veinlets supercede the other set.  Veinlet widths average 3 to 5 mm, with a few falling in the range of 10 to 40 mm wide.  The frequency of occurrence of these veinlets usually ranges between 1 and 4 veinlets per meter.

 

Brassy pyrite-alunite veinlets

 

These copper-depleted veinlets, a small portion of which contain silica, complete the suite that comprises the zoned pyrite-enargite-brassy pyrite phase of the alunite-pyrite-enargite (APE) mineralizing period.  Brassy pyrite-alunite veinlets range between 1 and 7 mm in width, with veinlet densities of 1 to 5 per meter.

 

Pyrite-alunite-silver sulfide/silver halide veinlets

 

These veinlets cut mineralized structures belonging to the earlier APE phase, and are likely crosscut by jarosite veinlets, although this relationship is not clear.  Pyrite-alunite-silver sulfide/silver halide veinlets range from 2 to 4 mm in width, with densities running between 1 and 2 veinlets per meter.

 

Jarosite and jarosite-alunite veinlets

 

Jarosite and banded jarosite-alunite veinlets generally occupy larger structures (particularly in the Esperanza center), cutting all previously described veinlets.  Jarosite-alunite veinlets that lack banded textures are likely oxidized equivalents of earlier pyrite-alunite veinlets.  Average widths for this suite fall between 10 and 30 mm, with individual widths occasionally reaching 50 mm to 250 mm.

 

Stable isotope studies indicate that alunite at Pascua formed from a magmatic hydrothermal fluid.  All samples of jarosite analyzed to date indicate that jarosite is supergene and almost always younger than associated alunite.  Jarosite and soluble sulfates do not normally occur together.  While jarosite formed in peripheral supergene environments, soluble sulfates were forming at the expense of sulfides and earlier-formed sulfates in the sulfide-bearing zones.

 

Table 9-3 provides a more detailed summary of individual mineral paragenesis for the alunite-pyrite-enargite (APE) phase at Pascua-Lama.

 

 

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Table 9-3:  APE Stage Paragenesis

 

 

 

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10.0   Exploration

 

10.1.             Barrick Exploration

 

After Barrick’s acquisition of LAC Minerals in August 1994, CMN’s exploration activities in the Pascua and Lama sectors of the Nevada project increased significantly.  During the 1994-1995 field season, an intensified drilling program commenced to focus on definition of the mineralization in the Esperanza area.  A total of 30 surface diamond drill core holes (4,848m) and all but nine of 167 RC holes (31,219m) were drilled into Esperanza.  The nine other holes were drilled to the east of Esperanza, and several of these began to test the area along the west and south margins of Brecha Central.

 

Drilling accelerated in 1995-1996, with the completion 42,690m in 163 RC holes and 2,331m in 18 surface diamond core holes.  A total of 126 RC holes and 12 of the diamond core holes were drilled into the Quebrada Pascua area, testing the mineralization in and around Brecha Central, Brecha Sur, and Brecha Pedro.  Just before the end of the field season in April 1996, the portal for the Alex tunnel was installed at the 4680m elevation.  On the Lama side, Barrick acquired an option to the western portion of the Lama sector in October 1995 from Sociedad Arballo-Pinto, and exercised that option in March 1996.  Drilling during this period included two holes (DDH-96-L1 and DDH-96-L2), which together totaled 368m.

 

The amount of diamond core drilling in the Pascua sector increased substantially during the 1996-1997 field season to approximately 15,500m in 25 holes, which included seven holes drilled for geotechnical purposes.   RC drilling totaled 26,800m in 93 holes.  While work again focused on the Brecha Central/Brecha Pedro/Brecha Sur areas, some drilling also extended west of Brecha Central to the border with Argentina.  No drilling was done in the Lama sector, but plans were formulated for an initial pass of RC drilling totaling 13,000m.  Barrick’s published proven and probable ore reserves for the Pascua project as of December 31, 1996 were 172,047,000 short tons at an average grade of 0.059 opt gold (10.069 million ounces).   Work intensified to define the resources in the Pascua sector in the fall of 1997 and continued through 2000.  Surface RC and diamond drilling continued to push east towards the Lama sector and the border with Argentina.  The workings on the Alex tunnel level were extended from the portal eastward in a system of drifts and crosscuts for a distance of approximately four kilometers, providing underground exposures of the various mineralized fracture systems, breccia and intrusive bodies, and other mineralized lithologies intersected by surface drilling.   Channel sampling and geologic mapping of the underground workings provided data and information for the updating of the geologic interpretations and computer block models used for resource estimation.  Drifting in the Alex tunnel resumed in late 1998 from the international border, eventually breaking through on July 7, 1999.

 

 

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In the Lama sector, surface drilling during the 1997-1998 field season commenced in the portion of the Lama deposit that was controlled by Barrick.  In total, 10 surface RC holes totaling 4,124m were completed in what is now known as the Frontera zone.  Further to the east, on ground controlled by Empresa Minera Comsur (Comsur), under the terms of an option agreement Barrick drilled an additional 9,540m in 30 surface RC holes.  Comsur independently drilled a single hole (DDH-19) in early 1997 to a depth of 63m.  The following field season saw drilling activity on both the Barrick and Comsur portions of the Lama sector increase significantly.  A total of 23,289m of RC drilling and 6,830m of H- and N-diameter core drilling were completed in the Barrick-controlled portion, with the main focus on the Frontera zone.  In the Comsur-controlled area, drilling totaled 23,146m of RC drilling and 4,000m of surface H- and N-diameter core drilling, mostly a kilometer east of Frontera in the Morro Oeste area, and the Penelope area approximately 5 to 6km southeast of Frontera.

 

Drilling activity in 1999 and 2000 again increased significantly on the project.  The driving of the Alex tunnel in 1999 provided year-round underground access and opened up a significant portion of the Pascua-Lama deposit for exploration and delineation by underground diamond drilling.  A total of 50,097m of core drilling in 162 holes was completed, with all but 30 holes drilled from underground stations.  Fifty-one RC holes totaling 16,619m also were drilled, along with five geotechnical holes totaling 229m.  In addition to drilling, underground work included geologic mapping, channel sampling for mineralization characterization, and also channel sampling and bulk sampling for metallurgical testing.

 

Surface exploration activity in the Lama sector remained high through the 1999-2000 field season with the completion of 40,107m of RC drilling and 25,340m of diamond coring.  Zones or targets drilled included Morro Oeste and Norte, Morro Comsur, Frontera and Lower Frontera, the Pascua Fault extension (controlled by Comsur), and the Penelope Este and Penelope Oeste zones.  The following year, activity was reduced significantly, with a total of 6,246m of RC drilling and 8,351m of diamond core drilling completed.

 

In the season 2005-2006, the drilling activities were initiated to define some condemnation areas and characterize the rocks for geotechnical conditions in the future mine infrastructure location.

 

 

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11.0   Drilling

 

11.1.             Drilling Methods

 

Drilling at Pascua-Lama has been conducted by four separate companies since the  discovery of mineralization in 1987.  These include St. Joe Minerals (St. Joe) under its Compañia Minera San Jose (CMSA), Compañia Minera Nevada S.A. (CMN) and Compañia Minera Aguilar S.A. subsidiaries, Bond Gold International under its acquired CMN subsidiary, LAC Minerals under its acquired CMN subsidiary, and Barrick Gold Corporation under its Barrick Chile and CMN subsidiaries.  Drilling methods used for exploration include conventional down-the-hole (DTH) drilling, conventional rotary drilling, reverse circulation (RC) drilling and surface and underground diamond core drilling.  The breakdown of these methods, by company, is as follows:

 

St. Joe Surface diamond drilling (NQ- and BQ-diameter core), and underground diamond drilling. (AW-diameter core)

 

Bond  Underground  diamond drilling (BW-diameter core); Conventional Failing DTH drilling (4.5-inch diameter);  RC drilling (4.25-inch diameter)

 

LAC Surface diamond drilling (NW-diameter core); RC drilling.

 

BarrickSurface and underground diamond drilling (HQ- and NQ-diameter core); RC drilling.

 

Much of the upper 300m in the deposit has been drilled from the surface by vertical DDH and RC holes or clusters of angle holes that fan outwards from individual drill sites.  This has resulted in more tightly-spaced data just below the drill sites near the surface which grade rapidly into sparser data concentrations in the areas between drill sites.  With depth, data spacing becomes more uniform due to the geometry of the overall drill hole pattern.  According to Barrick geologists, many holes were lost at or near the 4600m elevation, and this difficulty in sampling the lower portion of the deposit contributed significantly to the decision to drive the Alex tunnel at the 4680m elevation.   The flatter holes drilled from the Alex tunnel have provided essential definition of the high-angle structures in the deposit, and has greatly improved the interpretation of the geology of the deposit in the third dimension.

 

11.2.             Logging Procedures

 

The logging procedures and logging quality have evolved and improved over the life of the Pascua-Lama project.  Since acquiring the project, Barrick has made a concerted effort to improve logging quality.  During the period of intense exploration activity in 1999-2000, the Barrick exploration staff in charge of conducting the underground drilling from the Alex tunnel standardized the recording of geologic data between the Pascua and Lama portions of the deposit.

 

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The logs contain standard descriptions of lithology, structure, alteration, and mineralization, and qualitative estimations of alteration/silicification intensity and sulfide, oxide, and sulfate mineralization content by type.  A PIMA infrared spectrometer was used to aid in the identification of alteration mineralogy.  Detailed structural logging and geotechnical data collection was done by Barrick technicians and Golder Associates.   Barrick also photographed all core prior to geologic and geotechnical logging.

 

Recently, was incorporated a new methodology logging using GVMapper software, tacking the all Pascua Lama standard description and lithology codes.

 

 

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12.0          Sampling Method and Approach

 

12.1.             Surface Outcrop/Trench Sampling

 

Sampling of surface rock outcrops and trenches excavated to expose bedrock was performed manually.  No written sampling protocol existed for this sampling, which mainly took place during the early years of exploration prior to Barrick’s acquisition of the project.  The typical sample size (weight) is also unknown.  Information in the database used for resource modeling indicates that the sample lengths typically ranged from less than 1.0m to less than 6.0m, and averaged 1.84m.    Similarly, because of the early nature of these samples, the procedures for handling, preparation, and analysis of these samples is uncertain.

 

12.2.             Underground Channel Sampling

 

Channel sampling and/or chip sampling was done for nearly all-underground workings driven on the Pascua-Lama project.  Little is known about the protocols observed during sampling of the earliest tunnels (Esperanza, Frontera, Maria, Nevada and Alan).  The majority of the channel sample data that contribute to the estimation of Pascua-Lama mineral resources comes from the Alex tunnel on the 4860 elevation, which was driven between late 1996 and 1998 after Barrick’s acquisition of the project.  In addition to providing assay data for estimation of mineral resources, the Alex tunnel channel sampling was critical to the characterization of material types for metallurgical testing.   Channel samples also contributed heavily to the make-up of metallurgical composites.

 

Channel sampling in the Alex tunnel reportedly closely followed advance of the individual headings.  Sampling was performed by two-man sampling crews using a pneumatic chipping hammer, with 20cm-high by 10cm-deep channels cut horizontally in both ribs and working faces approximately halfway between the sills and backs of the workings.  The resulting samples were approximately 15kg in average weight.  During the site visit, access by REI to the Alex tunnel and other underground workings was denied by Barrick project management because of safety concerns.  Subsequently, SNC Lavalin personnel were permitted access to the Alex tunnel during their later February 2003 site visit, and were able to confirm the presence of the sample channels.   In REI’s opinion, the methods and approach used for sampling of the Alex tunnel are in accordance with North American and Australasian mining industry practices, and are acceptable for use in the modeling of mineral resources.

 

12.3.             RC Drill Sampling

 

The first RC drilling on the Pascua-Lama project was under the direction of LAC Minerals (LAC), and consisted of relatively small-diameter (4.25-inch) holes.  The sampling of RC drill cuttings for assay reportedly followed generally accepted industry practices, where samples were taken every 1.0m during drilling, and

 

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collected and bagged at the drill rigs after being reduced using either rotary splitters or conventional riffle splitters.

 

Certain favorable conditions were present during the drilling of most exploration RC holes at Pascua-Lama.  Foremost is the fact that drilling of nearly all RC holes was dry, with little groundwater encountered to the depths penetrated by the RC holes.  The presence of gold in fines in oxide material at Pascua was noted during crushing of metallurgical sample NRLI (see Section 7.7).  It is possible that some (particularly higher grade) gold assays from RC samples could be conservative (biased low), rather than contaminated (biased high).  Checking for sampling bias in RC drilling is typically done by drilling diamond drill/RC twin holes and comparing assays interval by interval.  Three pairs of RC/DDH twins were drilled at Pascua-Lama, and these are discussed in a later section.

 

12.4.             Diamond Drill Core Sampling

 

Diamond drilling has been an integral part of the sampling of the Pascua-Lama deposit since its discovery in the late 1970’s.  Up until 1988, only diamond drilling was done, with surface holes recovering NW or NQ-diameter core, and underground drilling from tunnels recovering smaller diameter core (AW, BW, or BQ).  The use of AW-diameter core (drilled only during the 1983-1984 field season by CMN) was abandoned thereafter due to unacceptable core recoveries.  Since 1988, most diamond core holes drilled have been HQ or NQ when drilled from the surface and NW or NQ when drilled from underground stations.

 

Core samples were collected on 1.0m down-hole lengths except where geologic contacts or visual breaks in mineralization type were noted, in which case sample lengths could be less than 1.0m or between 1.0m and 2.0m.    Initially, drill core was split longitudinally for assay using diamond saws.  However, this practice was stopped after it was discovered that the cuttings generated while sawing well-mineralized core contained significant amounts of sulfides, and thus possibly also gold, particularly where alunite-pyrite-enargite (APE) veins were present.  Additional concerns centered on the loss of water-soluble sulfate mineralization.  After hole DDH-182, conventional hydraulic or manual core splitters were used in order to help avoid the possible loss of gold during the core splitting process.

 

12.5.             Material Density

 

More than 4,000 individual density determinations were done using the water immersion method on wax-covered samples, the majority of which were taken from diamond drill core.  Density determinations that are based on the standard waxed core/water immersion method and which were performed on material that does not have a wide range of sulfide content form a solid basis for the assignment of material density values in resource block modeling.

 

 

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Barrick’s most current resource modeling efforts have assigned density values to each sample interval based on the alteration type code for the interval, as follows (Table 12-1):

 

Table 12-1: Density values base on alteration type.

 

Alteration Type

Alteration Code

Density (g/cm3)

Unaltered

1

2.50

Propylitic

2

2.50

Sericite

3

2.50

Illite

4

2.57

Illite-Smectite

5

2.57

Kaolinite

6

2.58

Dickite

7

2.58

Pyrophyllite

8

2.58

Alunite

9

2.55

Jarosite

10

2.53

Silica

11

2.47

Opaline Silica

12

2.47

Steam Heated

13

2.29

Ak-Overprint

14

2.29

Others

N/A

2.52

 

13.0          Sample Preparation, Analysis, Security

 

13.1.             Sample Preparation

 

The Pascua-Lama deposit is transected by the Chile/Argentina border that runs along the crest of the Andes.  Thus, for logistical and political purposes, exploration drilling, sampling, sample preparation, analyses, and sample security activities were separate and distinct for the Pascua and Lama portions of the deposit until the 2001-2002 field season.  Sample preparation and analyses for the Pascua side were managed out of La Serena, Chile, while similar activities for the Lama portion of the deposit were conducted out of San Juan, Argentina.

 

On the Pascua side, sample preparation initially was done by Geoanalytica in La Serena.  The sample preparation procedures used by St. Joe/CMSA and CMN prior to LAC’s acquisition of the project are unknown, although all St. Joe/CMSA samples reportedly were prepared at St. Joe’s in-house laboratory facility in La Serena, Chile.

 

During LAC’s tenure as owner of CMN and the Pascua project, sample preparation was moved to the exploration camp at the project site.  The sample preparation protocols in place at the on-site facility are as follows:

 

RC Samples

 

 

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Samples from drill rigs (~32kg) were dried and split to ~8kg, ~24kg coarse reject retained:

 

~8kg roll crushed to 95% minus-16 mesh, then quartered by passing through ½” riffle splitter to ~500g

 

250g split from ~500g, dried at 105º, then pulverized to minus-150 mesh for assay

 

Surface/Underground Channel and Diamond Drill Core Samples

 

Split core and/or 6 to 8kg channel sample (6’ maximum size) jaw crushed to 95% minus-½”, then roll crushed to 95% minus-16 mesh

 

~8kg roll crushed to 95% minus-16 mesh, then quartered by passing through ½” riffle splitter to ~500g

 

250g split from ~500g, dried at 105º, then pulverized to minus-150 mesh for assay

 

As part of its 1994 review (“Nevada Project, Review of Geological Model and Exploration Targets”), MRDI recommended that CMN revise its sample preparation protocol in response to duplicate sample analysis results that indicated possible problems with the procedures used up to that time, specifically the relatively small amount of material pulverized (250g).   CMN subsequently made revisions, resulting in the following protocols:

 

RC Samples

 

Samples from drill rigs (~32kg) were dried at 60ºC, homogenized, and split once to ~16kg, with ~16kg duplicate retained every 20th sample for duplicate analysis;

 

~16kg primary sample was homogenized and split, retaining one sample (minimum 8kg) for further preparation; Reject was combined with 16kg reject from initial splitting and stored at exploration camp site as ~24g reject ;

 

8kg primary sample was dried at 60ºC and crushed to 95% minus-10 mesh (Rhino-type 5”X7” jaw crusher, cleaned between each sample with compressed air); Crushed sample was then homogenized and split in 4 passes through Jones-type riffle splitter to 1kg; Reject material (~7kg) was retained and stored at exploration camp site;

 

1kg primary sample was pulverized (LM-2 type unit) to 95% minus-150 mesh (pulverizer cleaned between each sample with sterile quartz sand and compressed air); One 250g split was sent for assay and a 750g pulp reject retained.

 

 

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Surface/Underground Channel and Diamond Core Drill Samples

 

Channel sample/split core dried at 60ºC for 3 hours, then entire sample was crushed to 95% minus-10 mesh (Rhino-type 5”X7” jaw crusher, cleaned between each sample with compressed air); Crushed sample was then homogenized and  split to produce 1kg (minimum) primary sample; Reject material was retained and stored at project camp site

 

1kg primary sample was pulverized (LM-2 type unit) to 95% minus-150 mesh (pulverizer cleaned between each sample with sterile quartz sand and compressed air); One 250g split was sent for assay and a 750g pulp reject retained.

 

In 1998, the Pascua project geology staff became concerned with possible volatilization of mercury due to the high temperatures used to dry the samples in the on-site drying ovens.  This concern caused the transfer of the preparation of Pascua samples back to Geoanalytica’s laboratory in La Serena, where the drying temperatures were lowered to 50ºC.  This change reportedly affected all holes drilled after DDH-182.

 

During Barrick’s first exploration field season at Lama (1997-1998), RC samples were initially sent to Geoanalytica’s laboratory facility in La Serena, Chile, where they reportedly were subjected to the same procedures used to prepare samples from the Pascua project.  Midway through the season, the primary laboratory was changed from CIMM to Acme Laboratories due to poor turnaround times at CIMM.  For the remainder of the season, samples were shipped to Acme’s facility in Santiago, Chile, for preparation and assay.  Then beginning the following field season, a portion of the preparation procedures for Lama samples was shifted to a project site facility run by Acme.  Under this arrangement, RC drill samples were first split to 5kg by Barrick employees, then the samples were delivered to the Acme on-site preparation facility, crushed to 95% minus-2mm, and a 1kg split was sent to Acme’s facility in Santiago for final preparation, observing the same protocols in place at Pascua.

 

13.2.             Sample Analysis

 

No documentation is available regarding the sample analysis procedures used during the tenure of St. Joe/CMSA/Bond Gold International on the Pascua project.  During LAC’s tenure, all primary analyses were done at CIMM’s Santiago laboratory facility, using a combination of aqua regia digestion with MIBK organic back extraction and atomic absorption (AA) finish, and conventional fire assay with gravimetric finish.  In some cases where initial aqua regia analysis indicated gold contents in excess of 1.0 g/mt, follow-up fire assays were run.  As reported by MRDI during its 1994 review of the Pascua project, approximately 50 percent of the more than 50,000 gold analyses in the Pascua database were fire

 

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assay data.  After Barrick acquired the Pascua project, all samples were analyzed by fire assay.

 

On the Lama side, because the exploration activities were run out of the Barrick office in San Juan, Argentina by different personnel, samples were sent to the laboratory operated by Bondar Clegg (BC) in Santiago for gold, silver, and copper determinations.  The procedures used by BC for all analytical work are described as follows:

 

All initial gold determinations for all samples submitted were by fire assay, using a 50g charge and an atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) finish.  For samples that assayed 5.0 g/mt gold or greater, the samples were rerun by fire assay using a gravimetric finish.  Samples falling in the >3.0 g/mt gold <5.0 g/mt gold range were rerun using the initial method.

 

Copper and initial silver analyses were by four-acid digestion followed by AAS finish.  For silver analyses returning values >50 g/mt, the analyses were repeated using fire assay with a gravimetric finish.

 

13.3.             Sample Security

 

All samples remain in the possession of CMN employees during transport from the drill rigs and/or sample sites (surface trenches and underground workings) to the on-site and third party preparation facilities.  Transfer of pulps from the sample preparation facilities to the CIMM laboratory in Santiago was by either common carrier in sealed containers or by CMN, Geoanalytica, or Acme employees.

 

 

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14.0          Data Verification

 

14.1.             Quality Control Measures and Procedures

 

No documentation is available to verify the existence of a standard quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program at Pascua prior to LAC’s tenure on the project.  The earliest record of a program is found in a report issued by Mine Resources and Development Inc. (MRDI) in November 1994, as part of its review of the Pascua project.  The program in place at the time consisted of insertion of three blind standards developed from Pascua drill hole rejects every 20 to 30 samples that were submitted to CIMM for assay.  No mention is made in the MRDI report of the existence or submission of barren pulp standards or other form of “blank” sample.

 

The QA/QC program put in place after Barrick’s acquisition of the Pascua-Lama deposit included the submission of pulp duplicates every 20th sample to CIMM in Santiago and Bondar Clegg in La Serena for Lama samples, and to Acme and Bondar Clegg for Pascua samples.  Pascua coarse reject duplicates were sent to Geoanalytica for analysis and Lama duplicate coarse rejects were sent to CIMM in Santiago.  In REI’s opinion, except for the lack of submission of blank samples to the sample preparation facility and blank pulps to the primary assay lab, this QA/QC program was in accordance with accepted North American practices.

 

On the Lama side field duplicates were collected every 20th sample for blind submission to the sample preparation facility, the insertion of a field blank every 40th sample, and submission of pulp duplicates to three independent laboratories.  The latter procedure, in conjunction with laboratory internal duplicate analyses, was used as a substitute for the submission of standard samples, as no standards were available

 

QA/QC was reviewed on an ongoing basis by Barry Smee during the period 1998-2001. Adjustments to protocols made where necessary as recommended by Mr. Smee.  Comparisons of filed duplicate gold assay pairs are shown in Figures 14-1 and 14-2.

 

Verification of all drill hole data was carried out in 2003 and is described in a separate internal Barrick memorandum titled “Informe Validación Base Datos Control de Calidad”.  The work done during this validation process involved locating all historical assay certificates and consolidating them in one location. The assay data was then spot- checked (10 percent) for validity and any errors reported in the report referenced above. The report concluded that the current assay data were of sufficient quality to be used for resource and reserve purposes.

 

 

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Figure 14-1:  Field Duplicate Gold Assay Comparisons 1993-1996

 

 

 

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Figure 14-2:  Field Duplicate Gold Assay Comparisons 1997-1999

 

 

 

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15.0          Adjacent Properties

 

The most important property adjacent to the Pascua-Lama is Veladero, located in 10 kilometers to the Southeast in Argentina.  Veladero is wholly owned by Barrick and is currently in development.

 

 

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16.0   Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing

 

The Pascua ores are very complex ranging from highly oxidized ore where the gold and silver can be recovered by direct cyanide leaching, to highly refractory ore where the precious metal recovery is low using direct cyanide leaching.

 

16.1.    Metallurgical Testing

 

A history of the metallurgical testing follows:

 

1994

 

Barrick takeover of LAC; gold resource in oxide material investigated both heap leach and conventional mill processing; drill holes and bulk samples used.

 

1996

 

Additional oxide and Refractory mineralization in the Quebrada de Pascua area identified; comprehensive test program developed to investigate the Refractory material.  Three bulk composites: CHAL (chalcanthite), HSFE (High Soluble Iron), and ENAR (Enargite) based mainly on copper head grades and distinguishing between oxide and sulphide materials, were prepared from rejects from individual sample intervals situated within 350m of the surface in 23 RC (RDH) holes.

 

1997

 

Alex Tunnel development provided access for metallurgical sampling in the deposit’s deeper and more refractory portions.  Forty-seven sulphide samples and 23 oxide samples were collected from the ribs of the Alex Tunnel to identify zones from which bulk samples could be collected for pilot plant test work.

 

1998

 

Comprehensive characterization program based on approximately 800 drill hole sample pulps by bottle roll analysis and approximately 25,000 individual exploration RC sample pulps by test tube shake test analyses for gold and silver recovery and multi-element testing.  Iron contamination suspected in some samples due to poor castings in sample pulverizers used for preparation for pulps for gold and silver assays.  To confirm and quantify the suspected contamination and to check that gold and silver assays were not affected, coarse rejects corresponding to pulps believed to be contaminated were retested.  These confirmed iron contamination and concluded gold and silver assays were not affected.  Additional drill hole samples (approximately 2000) were analyzed for mercury, bringing the total close to 27,000.

 

 

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Pilot plant testing at Lakefield Research in Canada on bulk samples of 90t to 100t taken from additional channel cuts in the ribs of the Alex Tunnel workings: two sulphide samples (PP1 2.6g/t Au, 22g/t Ag and PP2 3.0g/t Au, 24g/t Ag), one sample of Non Refractory oxide with low iron (PP3 1.7g/t Au, 18g/t Ag).  A bulk sample of oxide material from the surface in the Esperanza area (3.3g/t Au, 52g/t Ag) was used for two pilot plant runs (PP4 and PP5). Portions of these pilot plant bulk samples were sent to Fuller Company for grinding test work. Three bulk samples were collected from sulphide stock work mineralization in the eastern portion of the Alex Tunnel workings (grade range 1.2g/t Au to 2.5g/t Au and 4g/t Au to12g/t Ag).

 

1999

 

Supplementary samples to provide extended metallurgical coverage across the deposit were collected from drill holes from the Lama, Moro Este, Moro Oeste, Frontera, Lower Frontera, and Penelope areas.  Two sulphide composites from channel sampling in the Alex tunnel were collected for conducting ore washing tests prior to milling.  Twenty-three channel samples from the Alex Tunnel ribs were used to select additional Non-Refractory material for vertical roller mill (VRM) testing at vendor facilities: Krupp Polysius, FFE Minerals, and Loesche.  Sixty samples were collected for SPI and Bond Work Index test work: four of these samples were from the Esperanza area and fifty-six from the Alex Tunnel.

 

2000/01

 

Channel sampling of the ribs of the 4,810m level tunnel was completed for characterization of gold, silver and copper.

 

2001/03

 

Twenty one-tonne samples (“DB” series) obtained from the 4,680m level in Alex Tunnel and two additional oxide bulk samples collected from the surface, were placed in drums and sent to Lakefield Chile in Santiago for testing.

 

2005

 

Channel samples from the Alex Tunnel and Esperanza Surface area were taken for wet autogenous grinding pilot test work, additional flotation and soluble copper recovery testing.

 

2007

 

Six samples of 0.5t to 1.5t each were obtained from locations in the Alex Tunnel to represent predominant mineral types and lithologies for flotation testing to generate potential plant products for rheological characterization.

 

2009-2010

 

 

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Regression equations were developed for refractory and non-refractory ore based on soluble iron, soluble copper, total iron, and total copper. These were verified against pilot plant results. Recovery splits for concentrate and doré were also evaluated and updated.

 

A list of the principal test work and specialist consultant reports on this deposit since 1994 are summarized in Table 16.1.

 

 

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Table 16-1: Metallurgical Reports on Pascua-Lama and Esperanza Ores Since 1994

 

Author

Date

Objective

Comments

Hazen Research; Amtel

1994 to 1995

Investigations for oxide ore treatment

McPherson abrasion and work index, gravity, leach kinetics.

CIMM, Lakefield Chile

1994 to 1995

Pilot testing (Non-Refractory) ores

Grinding and carbon-in-leach.

Lakefield Research, Canada

July 1998

Characterisation work by cyanide soluble gold, silver, copper and iron; acid soluble copper and iron; total gold, silver, copper, iron and sulphur.

27,000 sample ore characterisation program for metallurgical and mineralogical responses; determines classification criteria for process options.

Lakefield Research, Canada

October 1998

Bench-scale testing ore characterisation; pilot plant testing (sulphide and oxide ores).  

Pascua and Esperanza bulk composites for pilot testing.  Investigations of dry grinding prior to hydrometallurgical processing.

Lakefield Research, Canada

June 2002

Review of the metallurgy of the Pascua-Lama deposit

Assess mineralogy, grinding flow sheets, including wet grinding, CCD wash configurations, flotation, cyanidation, gravity.

JR Goode and Associates

July 2002

Tertiary crush – wet grind process option

Metallurgical and physical testing and comparative cost assessment of various flow sheets

SGS Lakefield Research, Chile

February 2003

Flow sheet development particularly wet grinding configurations and determine corresponding gold, silver and copper recovery characteristics.

Grinding and washing control tests with various unit process step change; assess ball wear rates in grinding slurries; flotation and cyanidation responses.

CIMM

September 2005

Pilot testing program of wet milling circuits including autogenous mill and ball mill

Configuration considered for the Project.

SGS Lakefield Research Chile S.A.

October, 2005

Grinding hardness characterisation

Oxide and sulphide samples: JK Drop Weight, SMC Drop Weight Index tests, SPI tests, Bond abrasion, rod and ball work indices. 

 

AMMTEC

 

November 2005

Autogenous media competency testing

Pascua oxide ore samples

Oreway Mineral Consultants (OMC)

November 2005

ABC circuit design and mill sizing

Using piloting data and ore characterisation reports

Steve Morrell Comminution Consulting (SMCC) Pty Ltd, and Addendum

November, 2006

Sizing of the Pascua-Lama Grinding Circuit

Review of pilot test program results; recommendation mill sizes for the communition circuit; assess circuit performance for oxide (Non-Refractory) and sulphide (Refractory) ore types. 

CyPlus GmbH,

November, 2005.

Evaluate treatment options to reduce weak acid dissociable (WAD) cyanide to meet compliance requirement and operating targets. 

Use of SO2/air and peroxygen-based technologies for treatment of Pascua-Lama final tailings slurry. 

Jenicke and Johanson Chile,

September 2006 to January 2007

Crushed ore flow characterisation and material handling configurations.

Review and recommendations for primary crusher ore silos and coarse ore stockpile for crushed Pascua ore.

SGS Lakefield Research Canada

January 2007

Mineralogical investigations on oxide ore

Mineralogy, particularly to identify acid consuming phases.

SGS Lakefield Research Canada

May 2007

Recovery characterisation of gold, silver and copper from Pascua-Lama ores

Further investigations to optimise grind/wash conditions and influence on downstream cyanidation and flotation processes; assess alternative flotation circuits compared to base case for design; investigate conditions that improve Refractory ore metal recoveries. 

SGS Lakefield Research Canada

February 2008

Removal of iron and copper from ground ore washed solutions

Investigate process options for possible recovery of soluble copper contained grind / wash solutions.

JR Goode and Associates

 

Gordon Wilson (Barrick)

May – July 2009

 

August 2010

Review and update of metallurgical recovery based on soluble iron, soluble copper, total iron and total copper

Regression equations developed for refractory and non-refractory ore and verified against pilot plant results. Recovery splits for concentrate and doré also update.

 

 

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16.2.    Metallurgical Sampling

 

At the time of the Barrick/LAC merger in 1994, the mineralization that had been identified and partially delineated was situated in the Esperanza area, and consisted of approximately 1.2 million ounces of gold in oxide material.  Test work completed in 1994 by LAC used samples from drill holes and bulk samples collected from surface road cuts to investigate both heap leach and mill processing alternatives.

 

Barrick continued with sampling and testing in the Esperanza area in 1995, using samples from drill holes and surface road cut bulk samples.  Testing was geared towards heap leach processing of oxide material and conventional milling with wet grinding at a possible plant site in the Estrecho valley.

 

With the discovery of additional oxide and refractory mineralization in the Quebrada de Pascua area, metallurgical sampling and testing requirements became more complex.  Work in 1996 continued on oxide material, while preliminary testing on refractory mineralization began to reveal additional complexities, such as higher reagent consumptions (particularly cyanide), lower gold and silver recoveries, and material with very high soluble sulfate content.  A comprehensive test program was developed to investigate the refractory material, with copper head grades utilized to help distinguish oxide and sulfide materials.  For this program, three bulk composite samples were assembled – CHAL (chalcanthite), HSFE (High Soluble Iron), and ENAR (Enargite).  These samples were comprised of rejects from individual sample intervals situated within 350m of the surface in 23 RDH holes.  The head grades for these samples were high, ranging from 2.41 g/mt to 4.97 g/mt Au.

 

In 1997, as the Alex tunnel advanced into the heart of the deposit and provided access for metallurgical sampling in the deposit’s deeper and more refractory portions, additional processing issues such as iron and copper soluble salts and total sulfide contents became apparent.  As a result of these issues, potential processing options and concerns became more numerous, with the focus shifting to a proposed plant with refractory and “non-refractory” circuits to be located in the Rio Toro valley.  Forty-seven sulfide samples and 23 oxide samples were collected from the ribs of the Alex tunnel in order to identify zones from which bulk samples could be collected for pilot plant test work.  The investigation of heap leaching continued, with the collection of additional oxide samples from the Alex tunnel and road cuts in the Esperanza area.

 

The growing understanding of the complexity of the mineralization in the deposit indicated the need to identify and characterize ore types to help guide process test work.  As a first pass to address this, approximately 800 drill hole sample pulps were submitted for bottle roll analysis to a laboratory in Chile.  These were followed by the submission of approximately 25 000 individual exploration RC

 

 

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(RDH) sample pulps for test tube shake test analyses for gold and silver recovery and multi-element testing (including antimony, arsenic, acid soluble copper, soluble iron, and sulfate sulfur).  Based on the results of these analyses, seven ore types for the deposit were defined at that time.

 

In 1998 it was discovered that some of the approximately 25 000 pulps analyzed for ore characterization apparently had been contaminated by iron as a result of poor castings in certain sample pulverizers during preparation of the original pulps used for gold and silver assay.  In an attempt to confirm and possibly quantify the suspected contamination and to check that gold and silver assays were not affected, 41 coarse rejects corresponding to pulps believed to be contaminated were run at Lakefield Research in Canada.  Averages of iron analyses for these checks did confirm iron contamination (2.27% total Fe in the original pulps versus 0.67% total Fe in the check rejects), but gold and silver assays from the coarse rejects confirmed the pulp assays (see “Progress Report No. 1, Lakefield Project No. LR5244, March 16, 1999).  Approximately 2 000 additional drill hole samples were analyzed for mercury, bringing the total close to 27 000.

 

Also in 1998, four bulk samples totaling between 90 and 100 tonnes were taken from additional channel cuts in the ribs of the Alex tunnel workings.  These consisted of two sulfide samples, PP1 and PP2 (2.59 g/mt Au, 21.8 g/mt Ag and 2.99 g/mt Au, 24.2 g/mt Ag, respectively), and sample NRLI of non-refractory oxide material with low iron content  (1.66 g/mt Au, 18.2 g/mt Ag).  A bulk sample of oxide material was also collected from the surface in the Esperanza area (3.29 g/mt Au, 51.6 g/mt Ag), which was used for two pilot plant runs (PP-4 and PP-5).  All pilot plant test work was done at Lakefield Research in Canada.  Portions of these pilot plant bulk samples were also sent to Fuller Company for grinding test work.  In addition, three bulk samples were collected from sulfide stock work mineralization in the eastern portion of the Alex tunnel workings (XC518SE and XC920S).  These samples ranged in grade from 1.24 g/mt to 2.46 g/mt gold and 4.4 g/mt to 11.8 g/mt silver.

 

In order to broaden the metallurgical sample coverage across the deposit, supplemental samples from drill holes were collected for metallurgical testing from the Lama, Moro Este, Moro Oeste, Frontera, Lower Frontera, and Penelope areas in late 1998 and continuing into 1999.  Two sulfide composites (6469 and 6469A) were developed from channel sampling in the Alex tunnel for the purpose of conducting ore washing tests prior to milling.

 

Other sampling in 1999 included an additional 23 channel samples (OA, OB, OC, and OD-series) taken from the Alex tunnel ribs that were used as a guide for selecting additional non-refractory oxide material for vertical roller mill (VRM) testing at Krupp Polysius, FFE Minerals, and Loesche.  MinnovEX addressed ore hardness with the collection of 60 samples for SPI and Bond Work Index test work.  Four of these samples were collected from the Esperanza area and 56 from various locations in the Alex tunnel.  The Alex tunnel samples used for the hardness test work were broadly distributed throughout the workings in the

 

 

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Chilean portion of the deposit.  Four of the 56 samples were collected from the Alex tunnel workings on the Argentine side of the deposit.

 

Channel sampling of the ribs of the 4810 tunnel (referred to as the “metallurgical tunnel” by the Pascua technical staff) was completed in 2001 for the characterization of material prior to the collection of bulk samples.  The bulk samples consisted of one-tonne samples that were collected after the ribs of the tunnel were slashed.  As part of this sampling effort, two additional oxide bulk samples were also collected from the surface.  The one-tonne bulk samples were placed in drums and sent to Lakefield Chile in Santiago for testing.  Grab samples corresponding to each one-tonne samples were also taken and are stored at the project site.

 

In 2005, additional composited channel samples were taken from the Alex Tunnel and Esperanza Surface area for wet autogenous grinding pilot test work. Additional flotation and soluble copper recovery testing was performed on this sample.

 

The most recent sampling campaign was completed in 2007 to provide fresh sulfide sample for flotation testing to generate potential plant products for rheological characterization. These 6 samples of 0.5 to 1.5 tonnes each were extracted by bulk point sampling from locations in the Alex Tunnel selected to represent predominant mineral types and lithologies

 

Total metres of drill and channel metallurgical samples taken accounts for 22% of the corresponding Non-Refractory metres for the overall drilling program and 37% of the Refractory metres as shown in Table 15.2.1.  Although the proportion of Refractory ore in drilling is about one third of the total, the higher proportion of Refractory drill core and channel samples selected for metallurgical testing (about a half) reflects the complexity in the metallurgical and physical characteristics of this ore type and the increased difficulty in determining an effective processing strategy.

 

Table 16-2: Metallurgical Sampling Compared to Resource Drilling and Mine Plan

 

 

 

Drill and Channel

 

Total
Samples

 

Metallurgical

 

Mine Model
end Y2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ore type

 

Metres

 

Au
g/t

 

Ag
g/t

 

Metres

 

Au g/t

 

Ag g/t

 

Au
g/t

 

Ag
g/t

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-Refractory

 

47,000

 

2.2

 

77

 

10,400

 

1.5

 

41

 

1.3

 

56

 

Refractory

 

26,900

 

3.6

 

67

 

10,000

 

3.4

 

37

 

1.9

 

51

 

Total

 

73,900

 

2.7

 

73

 

20,400

 

2.4

 

40

 

1.5

 

54

 

 

 

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The average gold grade from the metallurgical samples for Non-Refractory ore (1.5g/t Au) is close to the LoM gold grade from the mine plan (1.3g/t Au).  The average gold grade in the Refractory metallurgical samples (3.4g/t Au) is significantly higher than the LoM grade (1.9g/t Au) and is about 10% higher than the maximum annual grade of 3.1g/t Au in the mine plan. Sufficient samples, however, from the body of test work with head grades approximately 2g/t Au were tested to assess metallurgical responses over the range of head grades expected.

 

16.3.             Ore Classification

 

An ore classification system was developed, based on the mineralogy and ore processing requirements. It has undergone several revisions as the understanding of the Pascua orebody grew.  The pre-2006 block model classification system, operated on the following criteria:

 

is the ore non-refractory or refractory?

 

does the ore contain appreciable amounts of soluble minerals?

 

does the ore contain significant amounts of sulfide copper?

 

Based on this information, any sample can be classified finally into one of four categories, as shown in Figure 16-1.

 

Figure 16-1:  Pre-2006 Metallurgical Ore Classification Hierarchy

 

 

The classifications can be described as follows:

 

 

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NR – Non Refractory

 

This classification describes oxide ore (<3%S=), which contains only small amounts of soluble minerals (< 0.75% Fe(sol) and <0.03% Cu(sol)).  Washing is not required to achieve acceptable metallurgical results, however it is demonstrated to be beneficial (reduced CN consumption) in the majority of tests performed.

 

NRW – Non Refractory Wash

 

This classification describes oxide ore (<3% S=), which contains significant amounts of soluble minerals (>0.75% Fe(sol) and/or > 0.03% Cu(sol)).  Washing is required to remove the soluble components prior to cyanidation in order to achieve acceptable metallurgical results.

 

RSE – Refractory Sulfide Enargite

 

This classification describes sulfide ore (>3% S=), which contains significant enargite, the primary copper sulfide mineral of the Pascua deposit (Cu-Cu(sol)>0.03%).  It is termed refractory because gold and silver are associated with the sulfide minerals and the metallurgical response to direct cyanidation is poor, in respect both to low precious metal recovery and high cyanide consumption.  Soluble sulfate minerals are also associated with this classification. This ore type requires washing and flotation of a copper concentrate to achieve acceptable metallurgical results.

 

RSP – Refractory Sulfide Pyrite

 

This classification describes sulfide ore (>3% S=), which contains only small amounts of copper sulfide minerals (Cu-Cu(sol) <0.03%). Pyrite is the major sulfide mineral and gold and silver are associated with it.  Because a significant portion of the gold is locked up in the pyrite and refractory (low cyanidation recovery), this ore type also requires washing and flotation in its processing.  Although the concentrate produced has low Cu values, the gold-silver-pyrite concentrate would be blended with copper concentrate from RSE ore for sale.

 

Post 2006, the process plant design considers that all material is washed and therefore, for processing purposes, segregation in only two ore types is required: Non-Refractory (NR) and Refractory (R) Ore.

 

Washed Non-refractory ore is subjected to cyanide leach, while the washed refractory ore is subjected to flotation to produce a low grade copper concentrate.  The flotation tailings are then subjected to a cyanide leach for further precious metals recovery.

 

16.4.             Mineralogy

 

Gold at Pascua occurs in three major mineralized facies:

 

 

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Alunite –Pyrite – Enargite (APE)

 

Native Gold and calaverite (AuTe2) Most abundant gold minerals. Most gold and silver occur as sub-microscopic inclusions in pyrite and enargite

 

Pyrite – Szomolnokite (PS)

 

Post Breccia Central and silification. Occurs above and surrounding area dominated by alunite-pyrite-enargite mineralization.  Gold and silver occur as sub-microscopic inclusions in pyrite and enargite

 

Oxidized rocks (OR)

 

In the oxidized zone, gold is mostly free or attached to quartz.. The most abundant silver-bearing minerals in the oxidized and supergene enrichment zone are Chlorargyrite (AgCl) and Idodargyrite (AgI). Silver also occurs in jarosite/plumbojarosite. Pyrite is the most common sulfide phase.   Enargite is the most common sulpho-salt in Pascua.

 

16.5.             Comminution Parameters

 

The design of the comminution circuit is based on extensive variability and characterization testing of (harder, more competent) oxide samples and sulphide samples and pilot plant testing on bulk oxide and sulphide samples from the Alex Tunnel.

 

Since 2002-03, emphasis has been on wet grinding based circuits.  As well as internal reviews, independent assessment of the test results and recommendations for circuit configuration and design, sizing and selection of were carried out by Orway Mineral Consultants Pty Ltd (“OMC”) and Steve Morrell (SMCC, 2006).  Scale-up from the pilot plant data and development of comminution circuit parameters included corrections for feed size, mill speed, mill aspect ratio, closing screen and drive train configuration.

 

The data indicate limited variability in ore hardness and competency characteristics for each ore type when comparing specific energies from the two pilot runs (oxide and sulphide) with results from accompanying (ten) rock characterization tests.  A considerable body of similar, earlier (pre-2002) test work also indicates limited variability of results and has values consistent with those from the latter testing programs.  The ore competency values, determined from drop weight testing, and the hardness values, from Bond methodology are summarized in the comminution parameters Table 16-3.

 

Oxide (Non-Refractory) ore is considered to exhibit moderately to high competency (in the 55-65th percentile range in the database from the independent technical consultants) and sulphide (Refractory) ore exhibits medium competency (approximately 50th percentile).  Sulphide ores are considered

 

 

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Table 16-3: Comminution Parameters for Pascua-Lama Grinding Circuits

 

Parameter

 

Units/Parameter

 

Oxide

 

(Non-Refractory)

 

Sulphide

 

(Refractory)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

JK drop weight parameter

 

A

 

72.8

 

60.6

JK drop weight parameter

 

b

 

0.65

 

1.07

Specific gravity

 

SG

 

2.55

 

2.47

Drop weight index

 

DWI

 

5.4

 

4.0

Rod mill work index

 

kWh/t

 

14.3

 

13.4

Ball mill work index

 

kWh/t

 

19.4

 

18.3

 

 

slightly more variable in competency and hardness characteristics, as these are likely to be influenced by the degree of brecciation and sulphate content, whereas the oxide ores are more uniform in physical characteristics due to the mineralization hosted in the dominant altered granites.

 

The pilot plant testing showed that there was sufficient grinding media, mainly a granite that is found throughout the ore body, to autogenously grind the ore.  Provision is made in the circuit design for a dedicated coarse ore grinding media stockpile.  In the event that supplementary grinding media is required, as a short-term or longer-term basis, options that may be considered include possible supply of similar, highly competent ore from the nearby Barrick-owned Veladero mine, or use of large diameter, chrome-steel ball grinding media, in small charge volumes, in the primary mill circuit.

 

The consultants (SMCC, 2006 and OMC, 2005) also recommend use of a pebble crusher in the autogenous mill circuit to increase overall grinding efficiency and to control critical size fractions in the ground charge.  The likely pebble production rate has been estimated from modeling and a suitable allowance provided in the design to accommodate for recycle pebble rates up to 45% of new feed.

 

16.6.             Recoveries

 

Current metallurgical recoveries are based on the large body of metallurgical investigations described above. The pilot testing, open circuit and locked cycle bench test work were reviewed by SGS Lakefield Research in 2002 (SGS Lakefield, 2002) to consolidate the activities and results.  This was followed by studies by SNC-Lavalin in 2003 (SNC-Lavalin, 2003) which assessed processing options and developed recovery estimates.  Further work was carried out by J.R. Goode and Associates in 2004 (Goode, 2004a & 2004b)

 

 

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In 2009 John Goode reviewed the historical test work and the all metallurgical data to develop recovery relationships based on head grade, total iron, soluble iron, total copper, and soluble copper. This review used the following approaches:

 

A review of data from a 2002/2003 series of 132 tests examining the metallurgical effects of comminution options on a series of Pascua Lama samples.

 

Linear multiple regression analysis of a database of all Pascua Lama metallurgical test results.

 

A comparison between the results of open circuit batch flotation tests followed by a tailings leach and locked cycle or pilot plant flotation tests followed by tailings leach.

 

The various tests applied in this study indicated significant improvements in metal extraction due to the use of wet grinding rather than dry grinding when applied to either refractory or non-refractory ore.  This was an important finding since prior estimates of metal recovery had been based on data from pilot plant studies on dry-ground ore.

 

For refractory ore, the differences between dry and wet grinding tests, particularly fully autogenous grinding (FAG) tests, included an improvement in gold extraction by between 2% and 6%, increased silver extraction by about 7%, and improved copper extraction by between 8% and 15%.  Cyanide consumption following wet grinding was about 0.2 kg/t ore lower than that following dry grinding.

 

A summary of the process recoveries developed in 2009-2010 are shown in table 16-4.

 

16.7.             Processing

 

The Pascua Lama Process Plant is designed from the 1st Quarter of year 1, to treat 30 000 t/d of ore (Phase 1) and, in the fourth Quarter of year 2, will increase to 45 000 t/d of non-refractory ore (Phase 1a).  The principal processing stages for this circuit are: primary crushing, autogenous (AG)/ball milling (wet grinding), counter current decant (CCD) washing, pre-aeration and oxygen enhanced cyanide leaching, CCD thickening for pregnant solution recovery, cyanide destruction, Merrill Crowe zinc precipitation, mercury retorting, and smelting.  The wet grinding will be done in three parallel circuits of 15 000 t/d each.

 

The mine plan shows that in the third Quarter of year 3 refractory ore production will start (Phase 2). From there on the process plant will treat 30 000 t/d of non-refractory ore and 15 000 t/d of refractory ore.  Additional process stages for Refractory ore treatment are: roughing/cleaner/scavenger flotation with regrinding of rougher concentrate, final copper concentrate thickening, filtering and bagging. The refractory ore is floated, with a differential flotation scheme. A high Cu-As concentrate is produced, dewatered and filtered. Followed by Pyrite concentrate

 

 

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Table 16-4: Pascua-Lama Metallurgical Recoveries

 

 

Gold

 

Silver

 

Non
Refractory

 

Refractory

 

Non
Refractory

 

Refractory

Overall Recovery Pascua Lama

90%1

 

80.99%2

(average)

 

80%1

 

84.54%3

(average)

Overall Recovery Esperanza

92.5%1

 

78.40%2

(average)

 

61.30%1

 

83.17%3

(average)

Recovery to Concentrate

 

 

44.07%4

(average)

 

 

 

61.76%5

(average)

Payable

99.90%

 

99.90%

 

99.85%

 

99.85%

Payable on concentrate

 

 

96.50%

 

 

 

95.00%

1. Non refractory recoveries set to constants by Gordon Wilson (2009).  J Goode(2009) test work indicated 92% for both gold and silver

2. Refractory gold recovery from tails equation from Goode (2009):

        Autail g/t = -0.324-Cu*0.467+Cusol*0.450+Fe*0.157-Fesol*0.224+Au*0.204-Ag*0.003+py/en*0.00035+Cucon*0.018

        gold recoveries capped at 20-85%

3. Refractory silver recovery from tails equation from Goode (2009):

        Agtail = -1.4+Fe*0.9-Fesol*0.94+Ag*0.067+Cucon*0.115

        silver recoveries capped at 50-90%

4. Gold fraction to concentrate from Goode(2009)

        Con FractionAu=0.0579+Cu*0.0733+Cusol*0.159-Fesol*0.0783+RecoveryCu Sulphide*0.00851-Cucon*0.0059

5. Silver fraction to concentrate from Goode(2009)

        Con FractionAg =0.387+Cu*0.0609+Cusol*0.342-Fesol*0.0746+RecoveryCu Sulphide*0.00537-Cucon*0.00214

    Pyrite:Enargite ratio

                py/en = (Fe-Fesol)/(Cu-Cusol)                 

    Copper grade of flotation concentrate

                Cucon = 12%     

    Overall Copper Flotation Recovery

                RecoveryCu Sulphide = (Cucon*(Cu – Cusol - Cutail))/( Cucon - Cuflotation tail)) * 100

    Overall copper tailings %

                Cuflotation tail = 0.00463+ Cusulphide *0.0792+Cusol*0.0388+ Cucon *0.00049                     

 

 

with Au & Ag metal content. The flotation tailings, is leached in the CN leach circuit.

 

The process plant is located in the Arroyo Turbio Valley, at approximately 4 000 meters elevation. The plant is designed to operate 24 hours per day, 365 days per year with an operating availability of 90%.

 

Both the Non-Refractory and Refractory ore types are ground and washed, with the Non-Refractory ore subject to direct cyanidation only.  The washed Refractory ore is subjected to flotation with float tails then proceeding to cyanidation.  The final products from the process, available for export, are silver-rich doré bullion and a gold-silver rich (low grade) copper concentrate.  The schematic process flow sheet is shown in Figure 16-2.  The principal process stages are described in the following sections.

 

 

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Figure 16-2:  Schematic Process Flow Sheet

 

 

 

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16.8.             Process Description

 

Primary Crushing and Overland Conveying

 

Run-of-mine ore is dumped by 290 mt capacity haul trucks into one of  two gyratory primary crushers of 1370 mm x 1 880 mm, each for a 45 000 t/d processing capacity 1 installed in Phase 1, the 2nd in Phase 2). The crushed product will be stored in ore silos (bin), under each crusher with 5 000 mt live capacity, 10 m diameter and 50 m high.

 

The overland conveyor is feed from either of the two bins in Pascua - Chile, and discharged at the coarse ore stockpile in Lama - Argentina. The overland conveyor design is for 3 000 mtph of -10” crushed material based on an operating availability of 85%. The conveyor system is composed of: belt feeders under each silo, feeding a 100 m long conveyor which discharges to a 4 930 m long regenerative downhill overland conveyor. The overland conveyor feeds a tripper, in the stock pile building at the Lama Plant site in Argentina. Approximately 3 600 m of the downhill conveyor will be underground, in a tunnel, and the remaining    1 300 m in an ARMCO steel tube.

 

The stockpile building consists of three storage sections. The first for NR ore, with a capacity of 32 500 live tonnes. The second for R ore, with a capacity of 16 500 live tones (equipment installed for Phase 1a), and a dedicated sector for grinding media, with a capacity of 13 300 live tonnes. Grinding media is produced as required by a grizzly screen which separates coarse material from the primary crushed ore feed to the stockpile. The total capacity of the building is 270 000 tonnes, the dead ore store can be handled with bulldozers, if needed.

 

Crushed Ore is removed from the stockpile by belt feeders and is conveyed to the grinding system.

 

Wet Grinding and Cyclone Washing

 

The wet grinding area is configured in three separate grinding lines. Each of the three mill lines is designed for 15 000 t/d. Two of them are used for NR ore (installed Phase 1) and the third normally for R ore (installed Phase 1a). The pebbles generated in the AG mills are crushed in dedicated pebble crushing circuits and fed back to the AG mills.

 

Feed to each mill line discharges to a 9.1m dia., 12.8m long (30ft x 42ft), 14 000 kW AG mill. Each AG mill discharges to a screen, the oversize is sent to the pebble crushing circuit and the undersize material is pumped to first stage cyclones. Underflow from first stage is washed in a second stage cyclone, overflow is sent to CCD Wash Circuit. Second stage cyclone overflow recirculates back to first stage cyclone feed pump box while cyclone underflow feeds the Ball  Mill. Each Ball Mill is 7.3 m dia., 10.2 m long (24 ft x 33.5 ft) with 10 500 kW drives.

 

 

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In Ball mill grinding stage lime (Phase 1 & 1a) or limestone (Phase 2) is added to raise the pH from natural pH to about pH 5. Ball mill grinding is done in a typical closed circuit loop with cyclones. Cyclone overflow reports to CCD Wash Circuit.

 

Wash CCD Thickening and Neutralization

 

Slurry from the grinding circuit is washed to remove acidic Fe & Cu soluble sulfates from the ore in one of two, three-stage CCD circuits (1 installed for Phase 1, the 2nd for phase 1A).  The wash solids from the third thickener underflow of each CCD circuit are pumped to the leach (Phase 1a) or flotation circuit (Phase 2), depending on the ore type.

 

The solution from the wash circuit contains the soluble metals and is pumped to the neutralization circuit, where the metals and acid are precipitated with lime or limestone into a hydroxide/gypsum sludge. The sludge is discharged to the tailings while the neutralized solution is returned to wash circuit.

 

Copper Flotation

 

Flotation is required to treat Refractory ore, in which gold and silver values are recovered with the copper sulphides and pyrite to a low copper grade, high-value precious metal content concentrate.  As enargite (Cu3AsS4) is the main copper mineral, the final concentrate contains appreciable concentrations of arsenic.

 

The flotation plant configuration has conventional rougher-scavenger stages which produce a high-recovery, bulk rougher concentrate.  This is ground to 80% passing 25µm in a closed, regrind mill circuit.  The reground rougher concentrate is cleaned in three stages to produce a final Cu-As-Au-Ag concentrate.  The first cleaner tails flow to a cleaner scavenger bank from which the concentrate is returned to the concentrate regrind circuit.  Tailings from the second and third cleaner stages are return to the previous cleaner stage.  The cleaner scavenger tails, together with the rougher-scavenger tails are thickened and the underflow pumped to a dedicated cyanide leaching circuit.

 

The final flotation concentrate is thickened and filtered to remove excess water, then put into bags and stored ready for transport to a smelter.  The copper grade targeted in the final concentrate is 12% Cu.  Marketing assessment considers this to be a complex precious metals concentrate with significant copper credits and with penalty elements (such as arsenic and mercury) that attract a charge, rather than a standard copper concentrate.  Suitable specialty smelters that can handle this combination of metals and penalty elements have been identified.

 

Leaching and Solution Recovery

 

The washed ore and flotation tailings are pre-aerated at pH 10.5 for four hours and then leached with cyanide for a total of 24 hours. The agitated leach tanks are 17.7 m diameter x 18.6 m high tanks (4350 m3 each) Three parallel leach lines, each with 6 tanks per line are included (2 lines installed in Phase 1, the 3rd

 

 

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line installed in Phase 1a).  Lime is added at the head of the circuit to assist pre-aeration and to provide protective alkalinity (pH 10.5) ahead of leaching.  Cyanide is added at the first leach tank, with downstream top-up points provided.

 

Discharge from leaching flows to a five stage CCD circuit for recovery of Au & Ag metals contained in the pregnant solution.  Pregnant solution in overflow from the first (upstream) CCD thickener contains soluble gold and silver recovered from the leach slurry; this reports to the Merrill Crowe circuit.  The solids in underflow from the final (downstream) CCD thickener are discharged to the cyanide destruction circuit.  Barren solution from the zinc precipitate filter in the Merrill Crowe circuit recycles to provide wash solution for the CCD circuit.

 

Merrill-Crowe Circuit

 

Pregnant solution from the CCD circuit is clarified and the overflow further treated in pressure leaf polishing filters to remove as much of the fine suspended solids as possible.  The filters operate in batch mode and are pre-coated with diatomaceous earth at the start of each cycle to assist the filter duty.

 

The polished pregnant solution is de-aerated in packed-bed, vacuum towers to remove dissolved oxygen, typically to less than 2mg/L.  Zinc, as fine powder in an emulsion and lead nitrate in soluble form, are added to the de-aerated pregnant solution.  In this cementation process, gold and silver are precipitated by a reduction reaction involving zinc.  The resultant precipitate is collected in filter presses.  Periodically, the filters are taken off line, air is blown through the cake to remove excess moisture, and the cake discharged onto a conveyor under the filter.  The conveyor discharges to pans and these are delivered to the mercury retort area by a motorized roller conveyor.  A fume collection and scrubber system is installed over this system to capture and collect any mercury in vapour.

 

Barren solution from the precipitate filter presses is returned to the final thickener in the CCD circuit as wash solution to that circuit.

 

Refinery Circuit

 

The pans of zinc precipitate are loaded into retorts which are heated to nominally 650°C to vaporize mercury from the precipitate.  This vapour is in contained within a secure system and condensed to liquid metal form.  This is collected into flasks which are stored then transported off site periodically for shipment to market.

 

Pans of dry, calcined precipitate are loaded into a storage bin.  On a batch basis, precipitate is fed to a flux mixer by a screw conveyor.  Flux is added in pre-set amounts and then the mix is transferred, in batches, into induction furnaces by a screw feeder.  Induction furnaces melt the fluxed precipitate.  The slag is poured off first and molten silver and gold are then poured into 7,000oz ingots, known as doré bars.  These cleaned, sampled, weighed, registered and stored in vaults prior to transport to specialist refiners of silver and gold.  An agreement with a

 

 

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refiner has been put in place which sets out the conditions upon which Refiner receives and refines the doré bars. Slag is discharged into a slag granulation launder from which the granulated slag is screened.  Gold/silver prills in the oversize and concentrate from centrifugal gravity concentration are periodically returned to the induction furnaces for re-smelting.  Gravity tailings are transported to the coarse ore stockpile as part of the feed to grinding.

 

Off-gases from the furnaces are passed through a bag house for dust collection..

 

Cyanide Destruct and Tailings Disposal

 

CCD final thickener underflow contains residual cyanide from the process.  This stream is treated by the well-proven and conventional air/SO2 process.  Sulphur dioxide is generated by a sulphur burner.  Lime is added to control the reaction pH to around 8.  The slurry from the cyanide destruction tanks is thickened before discharging to the TSF.  Oxygen is supplied by sparging into the reaction vessels.  Copper ion used as a catalyst for the oxidation reaction to cyanate is supplied as a copper sulphate solution.  Given the background copper levels in this process, the top-up amounts are expected to be minor.

 

The purpose of the air/SO2 reactor is to manage and control cyanide levels in the final tailing in accordance with International Cyanide Management Code guidelines which limit concentrations of weak acid dissociable (WAD) cyanide into a TSF to less than 50mg/L.  This is measured as a daily average concentration in the discharge, calculated on a rolling 24-hour average.  A further objective is to maintain an average annual WAD cyanide concentration in the TSF to less than 25mg/L, calculated on a rolling 12-month average.

 

The environmental objectives for the overall containment and management of the cyanide bearing waters and the protection of wildlife that could access these facilities are set up to be consistent with Barrick corporate standards for responsible environment management.

 

Reagents

 

Reagents used in the process are: lime, limestone, sodium cyanide, flocculent, antiscalant, flotation collector, flotation frother, diatomaceous earth, zinc powder, lead nitrate, sulphur, copper sulphate, sodium metabisulphite and (various) fluxes.

 

Water

 

Water services include: fresh water, cooling water, potable water, gland water and fire water supply and distribution systems.

 

Ancillary Facilities

 

 

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The Project is supported by ancillary facilities including, at the plant site, the following: offices, chemical laboratory, metallurgical laboratory, environmental laboratory, warehouse, services and maintenance shop.  The mine area has separate facilities including the following: maintenance facilities for mine trucks and mine production and mobile service equipment, explosives compound, offices, refuge, fuel tank farm, and warehouses.

 

Tailings and Reclaim Facilities

 

The TSF is located east of the processing plant in the Rio Turbio valley, at an elevation of 3,900masl.  Reclaim water is returned to the plant process water system.  Further discussion of the TSF is provided in Section 18.6.2.

 

Power Supply

 

The Project will purchase power from a public utility in Chile.  A 220kV transmission line will be constructed from a new substation to be installed on the Chilean side and interconnected to principal substations at Lama and Pascua sites.

 

 

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17.0          Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve Estimates

 

17.1.             Introduction

 

The mineral resource and reserve estimates for the Pascua-Lama project are a joint effort of the CMN and BEASA geology staffs, Barrick South American Region Technical Services Group, Barrick Project Development Group, and the Barrick Reserves and Resources Group. Resource and reserve estimates are developed using commercially available VULCAN® software. Whittle 4X software and Gemcom are used in various capacities to assist in the design and optimization of pits.

 

The Pascua-Lama resource model, which includes the spatially related Pascua, Esperanza, Morro Oeste, and Penelope deposits, has evolved from the feasibility study model created in 2000. In 2003, the resource estimation was updated using new estimation parameters to improve local estimates. From 2006, resource and reserve estimation was done by NCL Consulting together with Technical Services Pascua Lama Group using the resources model update in 2003. The coordinate systems used for the Pascua-Lama model ties to the UTM coordinate system (PSAD56 – 19°S).

 

17.2.             Sample Database

 

The database used for generating the 2003 Pascua-Lama resource model was transferred from Access to Vulcan via comma-delimited text files (CSV files). The files were as follows:

 

nevamet0303_met_header.csv

sample collar locations

 

 

nevamet0303_met_survey.csv

sample collar and downhole surveys

 

 

nevamet0303_met_assays.csv

sample gold, silver, and copper assays

 

 

nevamet0303_met_densit.csv

sample density measurements

 

 

nevamet0303_met_litho.csv

sample lithologies

 

 

nevamet0303_met_alter.csv

sample alteration

 

The sample data was imported into a Vulcan Isis database for subsequent resource modeling work.  Data validation and statistical review was done using the CSV files directly. Historical and statistical summaries of the various sample types and sample campaigns contained in the database are shown in Table 17.1. The table shows the long history and the variety of sampling that has been done on the project.  The various sample types and campaigns were compared against one another to determine if any grade bias existed between the sample types. Comparisons were restricted based on the separation distance between the two

 

 

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Table 17-1: Pascua-Lama assay database summary

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gold

 

Silver

 

Copper

 

 

Year

 

Prefix

 

Company

 

Sample
Type

 

Sample
Description

 

number

 

number

 

total

 

length of

 

mean

 

min

 

max

 

length of

 

mean

 

min

 

max

 

length of

 

mean

 

min

 

max

 

of

 

of

 

length

 

assays

 

 

assays

 

 

assays

 

 

“drill holes”

 

samples

 

(meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t)

 

(meters)

 

(%)

 

(%)

 

(%)

 

 

 

 

TS

 

 

 

chip
channel

 

surface outcrop
samples

 

194

 

1,754

 

3,550

 

3,527

 

0.90

 

0.05

 

25.60

 

3,523

 

23.05

 

0.50

 

430.0

 

3,485

 

0.01

 

0.01

 

2.08

 

 

1978

 

DDHA

 

St. Joe

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Argentina

 

6

 

1,382

 

1,534

 

1,478

 

3.18

 

0.00

 

476.00

 

1,478

 

32.03

 

0.00

 

400.0

 

1,462

 

0.00

 

0.00

 

0.00

 

 

 

 

DDHF

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Argentina

 

3

 

523

 

580

 

521

 

2.40

 

0.00

 

217.00

 

521

 

8.56

 

0.00

 

400.0

 

521

 

0.00

 

0.00

 

0.00

 

 

 

 

CS

 

 

 

chip
channel

 

road cut samples

 

383

 

6,839

 

12,704

 

12,466

 

0.87

 

0.05

 

92.40

 

12,399

 

24.32

 

0.50

 

1104.0

 

12,430

 

0.01

 

0.01

 

0.91

 

 

1981

 

DDH

 

St. Joe

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

5

 

485

 

979

 

976

 

0.35

 

0.05

 

9.69

 

874

 

5.28

 

2.00

 

179.0

 

901

 

0.04

 

0.00

 

2.88

 

 

 

 

T675

 

 

 

undeground
chip channel

 

rib and face samples
4675 level - Frontera Tunnel

 

119

 

2,069

 

2,036

 

1,998

 

0.58

 

0.00

 

27.80

 

1,998

 

12.93

 

0.00

 

530.0

 

1,998

 

0.13

 

0.00

 

10.30

 

 

1984

 

DDH-007 to
DDH-026

 

St. Joe -
Anglo JV

 

underground
diamond core

 

drilling from 4360 level
Alan Tunnel

 

19

 

2,266

 

2,478

 

2,478

 

0.42

 

0.10

 

25.00

 

2,478

 

5.44

 

0.50

 

353.0

 

2,478

 

0.02

 

0.01

 

0.47

 

 

1988

 

DDH

 

Bond

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

11

 

1,111

 

1,099

 

1,098

 

0.50

 

0.05

 

22.40

 

1,098

 

6.36

 

0.50

 

90.0

 

1,098

 

0.02

 

0.01

 

0.89

 

 

 

RDH

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

8

 

539

 

540

 

538

 

0.47

 

0.05

 

29.00

 

538

 

7.09

 

0.50

 

155.0

 

538

 

0.02

 

0.01

 

0.56

 

 

 

 

DDH

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

10

 

717

 

728

 

721

 

0.71

 

0.05

 

9.70

 

721

 

13.61

 

0.00

 

347.0

 

721

 

0.01

 

0.00

 

0.28

 

 

1989

 

DTH

 

Bond / Lac

 

rotary

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

28

 

2,778

 

2,786

 

2,773

 

0.77

 

0.05

 

147.60

 

2,773

 

8.02

 

0.50

 

605.0

 

2,773

 

0.02

 

0.01

 

2.11

 

 

 

SB

 

 

 

underground
diamond core

 

drilling from 4675 level
Esperanza

 

48

 

476

 

469

 

468

 

1.40

 

0.00

 

80.40

 

468

 

22.39

 

1.00

 

549.0

 

468

 

0.01

 

0.00

 

0.03

 

 

 

 

RDH

 

Lac

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

21

 

2,954

 

2,976

 

2,931

 

1.12

 

0.05

 

64.00

 

2,931

 

31.76

 

0.50

 

521.0

 

2,919

 

0.02

 

0.01

 

5.59

 

 

1991

 

RDH

 

Lac

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

5

 

713

 

713

 

708

 

0.80

 

0.05

 

39.70

 

708

 

28.07

 

1.00

 

299.0

 

708

 

0.01

 

0.01

 

0.01

 

 

1992

 

RDH

 

Lac

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

4

 

838

 

840

 

836

 

1.55

 

0.05

 

26.39

 

836

 

27.90

 

0.50

 

431.0

 

836

 

0.03

 

0.01

 

1.86

 

 

1993

 

DDH

 

Lac

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

8

 

1,101

 

1,414

 

1,077

 

1.70

 

0.05

 

224.00

 

1,077

 

17.77

 

0.50

 

530.0

 

1,077

 

0.02

 

0.01

 

1.05

 

 

 

RDH

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

45

 

11,084

 

11,117

 

11,051

 

0.52

 

0.05

 

478.00

 

11,051

 

8.65

 

0.50

 

2226.0

 

11,051

 

0.02

 

0.00

 

11.10

 

 

1994

 

RDH

 

Lac

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

92

 

22,056

 

22,096

 

22,020

 

0.79

 

0.05

 

4170.00

 

22,020

 

10.48

 

0.50

 

1385.0

 

22,020

 

0.02

 

0.01

 

10.00

 

 

1995

 

DDH

 

Barrick

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

16

 

1,979

 

2,657

 

1,916

 

0.32

 

0.01

 

21.60

 

1,916

 

17.10

 

0.25

 

950.0

 

1,916

 

0.01

 

0.00

 

0.53

 

 

 

RDH

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

201

 

41,524

 

41,849

 

41,437

 

0.76

 

0.05

 

670.00

 

41,431

 

17.06

 

0.50

 

6369.0

 

41,431

 

0.02

 

0.01

 

6.74

 

 

 

 

DDH-96

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Argentina

 

2

 

339

 

368

 

333

 

0.31

 

0.00

 

16.00

 

333

 

13.44

 

0.00

 

1131.7

 

333

 

0.02

 

0.00

 

0.62

 

 

1996

 

DDH

 

Barrick

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

12

 

2,135

 

2,704

 

2,126

 

1.18

 

0.01

 

97.00

 

2,127

 

33.04

 

0.25

 

2126.0

 

2,127

 

0.13

 

0.00

 

39.00

 

 

 

DDH

 

 

diamond
core

 

drilling from 4680 level
Alex Tunnel

 

6

 

436

 

484

 

479

 

2.50

 

0.05

 

28.70

 

479

 

18.96

 

0.50

 

227.0

 

479

 

0.26

 

0.01

 

6.88

 

 

 

 

RDH

 

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

149

 

45,170

 

45,310

 

45,045

 

0.79

 

0.01

 

609.00

 

45,042

 

25.75

 

0.25

 

6936.0

 

45,043

 

0.05

 

0.01

 

31.90

 

 

 

 

DDH

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

7

 

1,263

 

2,207

 

1,202

 

0.51

 

0.01

 

157.00

 

1,204

 

29.26

 

0.25

 

14093.0

 

1,204

 

0.03

 

0.00

 

3.62

 

 

 

 

DDH

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

drilling from 4680 level
Alex Tunnel

 

19

 

4,106

 

4,112

 

4,050

 

1.14

 

0.01

 

214.60

 

4,050

 

9.13

 

0.25

 

538.0

 

4,050

 

0.11

 

0.01

 

16.50

 

 

1997

 

RDH

 

Barrick

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

148

 

53,966

 

54,183

 

53,844

 

0.51

 

0.01

 

216.40

 

53,845

 

20.68

 

0.25

 

10265.0

 

53,845

 

0.04

 

0.01

 

7.81

 

 

 

 

T680

 

 

 

undeground
chip channel

 

rib and face samples
4680 level - Alex Tunnel

 

845

 

7,697

 

7,715

 

7,684

 

1.75

 

0.01

 

117.10

 

7,632

 

21.75

 

0.25

 

2474.0

 

7,632

 

0.18

 

0.01

 

13.70

 

 

 

 

MAR

 

 

 

underground muck

 

muck samples
4810 level - Alex Tunnel

 

20

 

759

 

2,052

 

1,174

 

1.72

 

0.01

 

18.80

 

767

 

19.72

 

0.25

 

250.0

 

1,162

 

0.37

 

0.00

 

67.42

 

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

 

97

 

 

 



 

Technical Report — Pascua-Lama Project — Region III, Chile

 

 

Table 17 1: Pascua-Lama assay database summary (cont)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gold

 

Silver

 

Copper

 

 

Year

 

Prefix

 

Company

 

Sample
Type

 

 

Sample
Description

 

 

number

 

number

 

total

 

length of

 

mean

 

min

 

max

 

length of

 

mean

 

min

 

max

 

length of

 

mean

 

min

 

max

 

 

of

 

of

 

length

 

assays

 

 

assays

 

 

assays

 

 

 

“drill holes”

 

Samples

 

(meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t)

 

(meters)

 

(%)

 

(%)

 

(%)

 

 

 

 

DDH-98

 

 

 

diamond core

 

exploration holes in
Argentina

 

11

 

2,990

 

3,312

 

3,301

 

0.41

 

0.00

 

26.40

 

3,301

 

2.42

 

0.10

 

550.0

 

3,301

 

0.06

 

0.00

 

7.18

 

 

 

 

DDH-L

 

 

 

underground
diamond core

 

short test drilling from
4680 level Alex Tunnel

 

12

 

240

 

240

 

240

 

1.30

 

0.03

 

22.34

 

240

 

13.19

 

0.50

 

120.0

 

240

 

0.18

 

0.01

 

7.72

 

 

 

 

DDH

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

17

 

3,744

 

5,639

 

3,660

 

1.07

 

0.01

 

176.00

 

3,660

 

56.42

 

0.25

 

1912.0

 

3,660

 

0.07

 

0.00

 

22.90

 

 

1998

 

DDH

 

Barrick

 

diamond
core

 

drilling from 4680 level
Alex Tunnel

 

59

 

18,750

 

18,765

 

18,381

 

0.96

 

0.01

 

357.00

 

18,383

 

21.61

 

0.25

 

8546.0

 

18,383

 

0.10

 

0.00

 

16.30

 

 

RDH-98

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Argentina

 

101

 

34,932

 

34,932

 

34,929

 

0.21

 

0.00

 

56.98

 

34,929

 

4.37

 

0.00

 

1110.0

 

34,929

 

0.09

 

0.00

 

17.50

 

 

 

 

RDHP

 

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Argentina

 

10

 

4,004

 

4,010

 

3,993

 

0.48

 

0.05

 

232.00

 

3,992

 

35.41

 

0.50

 

2720.0

 

3,996

 

0.04

 

0.01

 

5.51

 

 

 

 

RDH

 

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

74

 

27,577

 

27,692

 

27,481

 

0.35

 

0.01

 

118.00

 

27,482

 

17.36

 

0.25

 

10028.0

 

27,482

 

0.03

 

0.00

 

5.08

 

 

 

 

T680

 

 

 

undeground chip
channel

 

rib and face samples
4680 level - Alex Tunnel

 

684

 

5,518

 

5,557

 

5,485

 

0.96

 

0.00

 

115.00

 

5,491

 

20.93

 

0.05

 

3595.0

 

5,491

 

0.09

 

0.00

 

12.40

 

 

 

 

DDH-99

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
collared in Argentina

 

68

 

17,555

 

21,188

 

20,205

 

0.31

 

0.00

 

310.33

 

20,205

 

10.71

 

0.00

 

2554.1

 

20,205

 

0.06

 

0.00

 

21.52

 

 

 

 

DDH

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

10

 

3,067

 

3,159

 

3,025

 

0.62

 

0.00

 

46.01

 

3,025

 

22.67

 

0.05

 

1977.0

 

3,025

 

0.04

 

0.00

 

9.03

 

 

1999

 

DDH

 

Barrick

 

diamond
core

 

drilling from 4680 level
Alex Tunnel

 

69

 

22,824

 

22,873

 

22,449

 

0.53

 

0.00

 

67.91

 

22,449

 

21.72

 

0.05

 

11511.0

 

22,447

 

0.06

 

0.00

 

12.52

 

 

 

 

RDH-99

 

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Argentina

 

138

 

36,423

 

36,432

 

36,415

 

0.29

 

0.00

 

921.80

 

36,415

 

8.22

 

0.00

 

4500.0

 

36,415

 

0.06

 

0.00

 

13.97

 

 

 

 

RDH

 

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

32

 

10,082

 

10,092

 

10,053

 

0.19

 

0.01

 

193.63

 

10,053

 

3.56

 

0.25

 

800.0

 

10,053

 

0.02

 

0.00

 

5.22

 

 

 

 

DDH-00

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
collared in Argentina

 

88

 

21,273

 

25,990

 

24,783

 

0.30

 

0.00

 

232.54

 

24,783

 

14.63

 

0.00

 

1192.1

 

24,783

 

0.06

 

0.00

 

11.90

 

 

 

 

DDH

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

14

 

4,683

 

4,626

 

4,543

 

0.31

 

0.00

 

34.81

 

4,540

 

7.88

 

0.25

 

559.0

 

4,540

 

0.01

 

0.00

 

4.17

 

 

 

 

DDH

 

 

 

diamond

core

 

drilling from 4680 level
Alex Tunnel

 

50

 

17,092

 

17,559

 

16,739

 

0.81

 

0.00

 

170.73

 

16,743

 

25.02

 

0.05

 

8807.0

 

16,743

 

0.08

 

0.00

 

16.38

 

 

2000

 

RDH-00

 

Barrick

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Argentina

 

99

 

20,369

 

20,394

 

20,360

 

0.06

 

0.00

 

49.90

 

20,360

 

2.87

 

0.00

 

1535.5

 

20,360

 

0.02

 

0.00

 

9.32

 

 

 

 

RDH-E

 

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

hydrology drilling

 

24

 

1,588

 

1,594

 

1,584

 

0.11

 

0.00

 

10.00

 

1,581

 

2.21

 

0.05

 

36.2

 

1,581

 

0.02

 

0.00

 

1.44

 

 

 

 

RDH

 

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

17

 

5,854

 

6,096

 

5,839

 

0.14

 

0.01

 

20.86

 

5,839

 

3.87

 

0.05

 

550.0

 

5,839

 

0.01

 

0.00

 

3.40

 

 

 

 

RDG

 

 

 

reverse
circulation

 

condemnation drilling
Rio Turbio valley

 

44

 

3,674

 

6,945

 

2,587

 

0.01

 

0.00

 

0.36

 

2,587

 

0.32

 

0.00

 

4.9

 

2,587

 

0.00

 

0.00

 

0.18

 

 

 

 

DDH-01

 

 

 

diamond
core

 

exploration holes
in Argentina

 

12

 

3,235

 

4,105

 

3,900

 

0.13

 

0.00

 

9.45

 

3,900

 

8.08

 

0.10

 

317.1

 

3,900

 

0.00

 

0.00

 

0.65

 

 

2001

 

RDH

 

Barrick

 

reverse
circulation

 

exploration holes
in Chile

 

10

 

3,153

 

3,160

 

3,150

 

0.10

 

0.00

 

7.37

 

3,150

 

2.21

 

0.10

 

109.2

 

3,150

 

0.01

 

0.00

 

0.44

 

 

 

 

T810

 

 

 

undeground
chip channel

 

rib and face samples
4810 level - Alex Tunnel

 

137

 

1,119

 

1,188

 

1,173

 

2.16

 

0.01

 

62.27

 

1,174

 

102.09

 

0.40

 

1686.0

 

1,174

 

0.03

 

0.00

 

1.21

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

chip channel

 

577

 

8,593

 

16,254

 

15,992

 

0.87

 

0.05

 

92.40

 

15,921

 

24.04

 

0.50

 

1104.0

 

15,915

 

0.01

 

0.01

 

2.08

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

diamond core

 

300

 

67,582

 

82,288

 

74,865

 

0.48

 

0.00

 

476.00

 

74,764

 

15.58

 

0.00

 

14093.0

 

74,774

 

0.05

 

0.00

 

39.00

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

reverse circulation

 

1,222

 

326,500

 

330,971

 

324,801

 

0.48

 

0.00

 

4170.00

 

324,790

 

14.30

 

0.00

 

10265.0

 

324,783

 

0.04

 

0.00

 

31.90

 

 

Totals

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

rotary

 

28

 

2,778

 

2,786

 

2,773

 

0.77

 

0.05

 

147.60

 

2,773

 

8.02

 

0.50

 

605.0

 

2,773

 

0.02

 

0.01

 

2.11

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

undeground chip channel

 

1,785

 

16,403

 

16,496

 

16,340

 

1.37

 

0.00

 

117.10

 

16,295

 

26.18

 

0.00

 

3595.0

 

16,295

 

0.13

 

0.00

 

13.70

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

underground diamond core

 

282

 

66,190

 

66,980

 

65,284

 

0.78

 

0.00

 

357.00

 

65,290

 

21.09

 

0.05

 

11511.0

 

65,288

 

0.08

 

0.00

 

16.50

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

underground muck

 

20

 

759

 

2,052

 

1,174

 

1.72

 

0.01

 

18.80

 

767

 

19.72

 

0.25

 

250.0

 

1,162

 

0.37

 

0.00

 

67.42

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

all sample types

 

4,214

 

488,805

 

517,827

 

501,230

 

0.57

 

0.00

 

4170.00

 

500,600

 

16.05

 

0.00

 

14093.0

 

500,990

 

0.05

 

0.00

 

67.42

 

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

 

98

 

 

 



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

samples being compared. The results are shown in Figures 17-1 through 17-8 and discussions of each comparison follow below.

 

Diamond Core vs. Reverse Circulation

 

Gold grades from diamond core samples were compared to reverse circulation (RC) samples after creating uniform length composites one meter in length. The samples were restricted to those samples with down-hole surveys. Initial comparisons showed a 10-15% bias between core and RC samples, the RC being higher grade (Figure 17-1).

 

Figure 17-1:  Gold distribution comparison: Core vs. RC - 1m composites

 

 

 

 

gold cutoff 0.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 0.20 g/t

 

gold cutoff 1.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 2.00 g/t

 

 

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

 

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

Core

 

4,259

 

0.70

 

2,966

 

1,907

 

1.49

 

2,840

 

645

 

3.50

 

2,259

 

343

 

5.34

 

1,831

 

RC

 

4,259

 

0.88

 

3,731

 

2,137

 

1.69

 

3,620

 

749

 

4.02

 

3,014

 

386

 

6.50

 

2,510

 

Difference

 

0.0%

 

25.8%

 

25.8%

 

12.1%

 

13.7%

 

27.5%

 

16.1%

 

14.9%

 

33.4%

 

12.5%

 

21.9%

 

37.1%

 

 

A similar relationship has been observed by Barrick in other deposits, Pierina, Veladero, and Lagunas Norte.  In addition to the core-RC grade bias, diamond core gold grades at these three deposits show a fairly consistent trend with respect to core recovery, namely that as the core recovery decreases the gold grade increases. The core gold grades at these three deposits have also been shown to be biased low relative to actual production data. The bias is likely caused by gold being washed out of the core samples during drilling. This washing effect increases in more fractured zones where core recovery is reduced.

 

Figure 17-2 summarizes core gold grades from Pascua at varying core recovery. The figure shows a strong tendency for gold grade to increase with decreasing core recovery. The bias between RC and core samples at Pascua is likely caused by gold being lost to the drilling fluids during core drilling. The material lost is likely even higher grade than the remaining material and represents an opportunity for actual grades to be higher than are predicted from the core.

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

99

 

 

 



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

Figure 17-2:  Gold grade vs. core recovery - 1m composites

 

 

Diamond Core vs. Rotary

 

Gold grades from diamond core samples were compared to rotary samples after creating uniform length composites one meter in length. Since the hole depths for the rotary holes were only 100 meters, the core was not restricted by down hole surveys. The comparison is shown in Figure 17-3 and shows a significant bias,

 

Figure 17-3:  Gold distribution comparison: Rotary vs. Core - 1m composites

 

 

 

 

gold cutoff 0.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 0.20 g/t

 

gold cutoff 1.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 2.00 g/t

 

 

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

 

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

Rotary

 

227

 

0.55

 

124

 

148

 

0.80

 

118

 

38

 

1.90

 

72

 

11

 

3.35

 

37

 

Core

 

227

 

0.86

 

196

 

186

 

1.03

 

192

 

59

 

2.29

 

135

 

21

 

4.07

 

86

 

Difference

 

0.0%

 

58.1%

 

58.1%

 

25.7%

 

29.2%

 

62.4%

 

55.3%

 

20.3%

 

86.7%

 

90.9%

 

21.4%

 

131.7%

 

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

100

 

 



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

With the rotary hole gold grades being 40-50 percent lower than the core. To provide additional grade data points the rotary holes were not removed. This likely produces resource grades that are low in the area of the rotary drilling.

 

Diamond Core vs. Surface Chip Channels

 

Gold grades from diamond core samples were compared to surface chip samples from road cuts and surface outcrops after creating uniform length composites two meters in length. The core was not restricted by down hole surveys. The comparison is shown in Figure 17-4 and shows no significant bias. The surface chip samples were therefore included for the resource model block grade estimates.

 

Figure 17-4:  Gold distribution comparison: Rotary vs. Core - 1m composites

 

 

 

 

gold cutoff 0.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 0.20 g/t

 

gold cutoff 1.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 2.00 g/t

 

 

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

 

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

Surface Chip Channels

 

240

 

0.88

 

211

 

146

 

1.40

 

204

 

48

 

3.24

 

155

 

34

 

4.00

 

136

 

Core

 

240

 

0.86

 

207

 

158

 

1.28

 

203

 

52

 

3.00

 

156

 

24

 

5.10

 

122

 

Difference

 

0.0%

 

-1.8%

 

-1.8%

 

8.3%

 

-8.4%

 

-0.8%

 

8.3%

 

-7.5%

 

0.2%

 

-29.4%

 

27.4%

 

-10.1%

 

 

Diamond Core vs. Underground Chip Channels

 

Gold grades from diamond core samples were compared to underground chip samples from the Alex, Maria, Frontera, and Met tunnels after creating uniform length composites one meter in length. The core was restricted to include only those composites that were located by down hole surveys. The comparison is shown in Figure 17-4 and shows a slight bias, the underground chip samples grades being about 5 percent higher than the core grades.  A similar low bias in the core samples relative to reverse circulation samples was already observed and was considered to be caused by gold loss in the core samples. A similar and smaller bias relative to the underground chip channels was reasonable. The

 

 

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underground chip channels were therefore included for the resource model block grade estimates.

 

Figure 17-5:  Gold distribution comparison: UG Chip Channels vs. Core -  1m composites

 

 

 

 

gold cutoff 0.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 0.20 g/t

 

gold cutoff 1.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 2.00 g/t

 

 

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

 

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

Underground Chip Channels

 

1,491

 

1.64

 

2,438

 

1,102

 

2.18

 

2,406

 

554

 

3.86

 

2,138

 

302

 

5.89

 

1,780

 

Core

 

1,491

 

1.56

 

2,322

 

1,009

 

2.27

 

2,286

 

468

 

4.32

 

2,023

 

275

 

6.34

 

1,743

 

Difference

 

0.0%

 

-4.8%

 

-4.8%

 

-8.4%

 

3.8%

 

-5.0%

 

-15.5%

 

12.0%

 

-5.4%

 

-8.9%

 

7.6%

 

-2.1%

 

 

Underground Chip Channels vs. Underground Muck Grabs

 

Gold grades from underground chip samples were compared to underground muck grap samples from the Alex tunnel after creating uniform length composites three meters in length. The comparison is shown in Figure 17-6 and shows no significant bias. The underground muck samples were included in the grade estimates.

 

Figure 17-6:  Gold distribution comparison: UG Channels vs. UG Mucks - 3m composites

 

 

 

 

gold cutoff 0.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 0.20 g/t

 

gold cutoff 1.00 g/t

 

gold cutoff 2.00 g/t

 

 

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

Total

 

Gold

 

 

 

(meters)

 

(gt)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(gt)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(gt)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

(meters)

 

(gt)

 

(g/t*meters)

 

Underground Chip Channels

 

684

 

1.68

 

1,146

 

546

 

2.08

 

1,133

 

288

 

3.54

 

1,020

 

198

 

4.41

 

872

 

Undergournd Muck Grabs

 

684

 

1.72

 

1,174

 

546

 

2.13

 

1,160

 

357

 

2.96

 

1,058

 

246

 

3.64

 

895

 

Difference

 

0.0%

 

2.4%

 

2.4%

 

0.0%

 

2.4%

 

2.4%

 

24.0%

 

-16.3%

 

3.7%

 

24.2%

 

-17.5%

 

2.5%

 

 

 

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Locations of the various sample sets used for the resource model block grade estimates are shown on Figures 17-7 through 17-11.

 

Figure 17-7:  Reverse Circulation Drill Locations

 

 

 

GRAPHIC

 

 

 

Figure 17-8:  Surface Diamond Core Drill Locations

 

 

 

GRAPHIC

 

 

 

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Figure 17-9:  Underground Diamond Core Drill Locations

 

 

 

GRAPHIC

 

 

 

Figure 17-10:  Surface Chip Channel Locations

 

 

 

GRAPHIC

 

 

 

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Figure 17-11:  Underground Sample Locations

 

 

 

GRAPHIC

 

 

 

17.3.             Geologic Model

 

To develop a geologic model of the Pascua area, raw sample data were plotted on vertical cross sections oriented east-west. Sections were constructed every 24 meters.  Combined with surface and underground mapping, the sectional samples information was used to develop three sets of boundaries, lithology, structure and alteration.

 

The raw data and sectional interpretations were than posted in plan every thirty meters and re-interpreted. The thirty-meter sectional interpretations were linked to create final solids and surfaces.

 

Gold, silver, and copper mineralization was also interpreted on section and plan by constructing grade envelopes as follows:

 

Gold > = 0.40 gram/tonne

 

Silver > = 30 gram/tonne

 

Copper > = 0.05 percent

 

Interpretation of the grade envelopes was strongly influenced by the structural and alteration boundaries. Figure 17-12 illustrates an example of a 0.40 g/t gold envelope drawn at the 4690 level.

 

 

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The lithology and alteration solids were loaded into a block model measuring 8m x 8m x 8m. Owing to the detail of the gold and silver grade envelopes, they were loaded into 4m x 4m x 4m blocks.

 

Figure 17-12:  0.4 g/t Gold Envelope – 4690 Elevation

 

 

 

 

 

Because of the complex geometry and distribution of gold and silver grades, internal waste zones within the gold envelopes were also modeled and extruded vertically to represent internal dilution. An iterative series of interpolation runs were performed in order to define the mineralized and waste blocks on 4-meter levels between the 30-meter levels and at a detail equivalent to that on the hand-interpreted levels. Using these interpolated envelopes, a full three-dimensional model of the gold and silver envelopes was created. Often referred to as the “pickup-sticks” model, the blocks within these envelopes were then used for gold and silver grade estimation.

 

A computer routine was developed to calculate directional gold grade continuity for each model block within the gold “pick-up sticks model” along each of eight major mineralized structural trends. These trends were used to create tight anisotropic search strategies for block grade estimation. In addition to defining the direction of preferential continuity, the routine determined if a block was at a structural intersection where cross-cutting relationships were used to determine the appropriate grade interpolation geometry.  The routine also identified areas containing complex stockwork or hydrothermal breccias. In these cases gold grade estimates were not tightly directionally controlled.  Directional assignments were made to each model block.  An example of the directional block assignments is shown in Figure 17-13.

 

 

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17.4.             Mineral Resource Estimation

 

Gold grades were estimated for each 4m x 4m x 4m block inside the grade envelopes, using multiple passes and respecting directional controls. Gold grades were estimated by the inverse distance cubed method using multiple passes with each run using progressively longer search ranges.  Once the gold grade for a block was estimated it was not over written by subsequent estimation runs.  The same composite selection criterion that was used in previous model estimates was also used for the October 2003 model.  Blocks inside of the gold zone were estimated with a maximum of three composites with the added constraint that only one composite was allowed from each drill hole.  Composites above a 0.40 g/t gold cutoff grade that were located outside of the gold zone shape were also eligible to be used to estimate gold grades for blocks that were located inside of the gold envelope.

 

Figure 17-13: 0.4 g/t Gold Envelope Directional Assignments– 4690 Elevation

 

 

 

 

 

Gold grades were estimated in a hierarchical manner starting with the milled core of Breccia Central working out towards the outer portions of the breccias body, then for blocks with well-defined directional continuity, then for blocks within blobs that also have a strong directional component.  A series of three runs were run for each grouping that used different search ranges.  The anisotropy ratio for the milled core and outer breccia ring units was set at 1:1:1.  For all of the other units that were estimated an anisotropy ratio of 1.00:0.50:0.75 for the major, minor, and vertical axes, respectively.  This gave more weight to samples along the trend and secondarily to samples up and down dip.

 

 

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Table 17-2 summarizes all of the gold estimation parameters. The use of distinct anisotropies resulted in a number of blocks that were not estimated because no composites could be found in the relatively narrow search ellipses.  BEASA filled these blocks with grades by widening the search.  This resulted in generating more inferred resource material than the June 2003 model.  Table 17-3 summarizes the parameters that were used for filling in block grades.

 

A series of nearest neighbor or polygonal estimation runs were then executed using the same parameters as those shown in Table 17-3 and Table 17-4 for the sole purpose of capturing the distance to the closest drill hole composite. Figure 17-14 shows block gold grades from the 4m x 4m x 4m model.

 

Figure 17-14: 4x4x4m Block Gold Grades– 4690 Elevation

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Table 17-2: Gold Estimation Parameters

 

Estimated Group

Search Ranges (m)

Major Axis

Orientation

Anisotropy Ratio

Blob

Code

ISDIR

Code

Major

Minor

Vertical

Major

Minor

Vertical

Breccia Cental Milled Core

4

4

4

295

1.00

1.00

1.00

3

0

50

30

50

295

1.00

1.00

1.00

3

0

100

60

100

295

1.00

1.00

1.00

3

0

Breccia Cental Outer Ring

4

4

4

295

1.00

1.00

1.00

2

0

50

30

50

295

1.00

1.00

1.00

2

0

100

60

100

295

1.00

1.00

1.00

2

0

Strong Anisotropy Breccia Cental Trend

4

4

4

0

1.00

1.00

1.00

0

1

50

30

50

0

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

1

100

60

100

0

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

1

Strong Anisotropy Frontera Trend

4

4

4

15

1.00

1.00

1.00

0

2

50

30

50

15

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

2

100

60

100

15

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

2

Strong Anisotropy Esperanza Trend

4

4

4

25

1.00

1.00

1.00

0

3

50

30

50

25

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

3

100

60

100

25

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

3

Strong Anisotropy Raul Trend

4

4

4

45

1.00

1.00

1.00

0

4

50

30

50

45

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

4

100

60

100

45

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

4

Strong Anisotropy Unnamed Trend

4

4

4

60

1.00

1.00

1.00

0

5

50

30

50

60

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

5

100

60

100

60

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

5

Strong Anisotropy Pascua Trend

4

4

4

115

1.00

1.00

1.00

0

6

50

30

50

115

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

6

100

60

100

115

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

6

Strong Anisotropy David Trend

4

4

4

135

1.00

1.00

1.00

0

7

50

30

50

135

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

7

100

60

100

135

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

7

Strong Anisotropy Pedro Trend

4

4

4

170

1.00

1.00

1.00

0

8

50

30

50

170

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

8

100

60

100

170

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

8

Inside Blob Breccia Central Trend

4

4

4

0

1.00

1.00

1.00

1

1

50

30

50

0

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

1

100

50

75

0

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

1

Inside Blob Frontera Trend

4

4

4

15

1.00

1.00

1.00

1

2

50

30

50

15

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

2

100

50

75

15

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

2

Inside Blob Esperanza Trend

4

4

4

25

1.00

1.00

1.00

1

3

50

30

50

25

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

3

100

50

75

25

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

3

Inside Blob Raul Trend

4

4

4

45

1.00

1.00

1.00

1

4

50

30

50

45

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

4

100

50

75

45

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

4

Inside Blob Unnamed Trend

4

4

4

60

1.00

1.00

1.00

1

5

50

30

50

60

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

5

100

50

75

60

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

5

Inside Blob Pascua Trend

4

4

4

115

1.00

1.00

1.00

1

6

50

30

50

115

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

6

100

50

75

115

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

6

Inside Blob David Trend

4

4

4

135

1.00

1.00

1.00

1

7

50

30

50

135

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

7

100

50

75

135

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

7

Inside Blob Pedro Trend

4

4

4

170

1.00

1.00

1.00

1

8

50

30

50

170

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

8

100

50

75

170

1.00

0.50

0.75

1

8

 

 

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Table 17-3: Directional Fill Parameters – Gold

 

Estimated Group

Search Ranges (m)

Major Axis

Orientation

Anisotropy Ratio

Blob

Code

ISDIR

Code

Major

Minor

Vertical

Major

Minor

Vertical

First Pass

Breccia Central

100

30

75

0

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

1

Frontera Trend

100

30

75

15

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

2

Esperanza Trend

100

30

75

25

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

3

Raul Trend

100

30

75

45

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

4

Unnamed Trend

100

30

75

60

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

5

Pascua Trend

100

30

75

115

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

6

David Trend

100

30

75

135

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

7

Pedro Trend

100

30

75

170

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

8

Second Pass

Breccia Central

200

30

150

0

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

1

Frontera Trend

200

30

150

15

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

2

Esperanza Trend

200

30

150

25

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

3

Raul Trend

200

30

150

45

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

4

Unnamed Trend

200

30

150

60

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

5

Pascua Trend

200

30

150

115

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

6

David Trend

200

30

150

135

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

7

Pedro Trend

200

30

150

170

1.00

0.50

0.75

0

8

 

The October 2003 model used the same method for estimating grades outside of the gold zone envelopes as the June 2003 model.  Waste gold grades were estimated for blocks with an “auzonef” code of 0 using composites that were back tagged with that same code.  A three-pass inverse distance cubed strategy that used successively longer search ranges was used.  The key parameters are outlined in Table 17-3.

 

Table 17-4: Waste Gold Grade Estimation Parameters

 

Estimation
Pass

Search Distance (m)

Number of Composites

Anisotropy Weighting

X

Y

Z

Min

Max

Max/Hole

X

Y

Z

1

4

4

4

1

8

8

1

1

1

2

50

25

50

1

3

1

1

2

1

3

100

100

100

1

5

2

1

1

1

 

Silver grades were estimated using a similar approach. A 4x4x4m block model of the 30 g/t silver grade envelope was created.  Directional controls were not so rigorously applied as described for the gold model. Table 17-4 summarizes the silver estimation parameters.

 

Table 17-5: Silver Grade Estimation Parameters

 

Estimation Group

Search Ranges

Search Orientation

Number of Composites

Anisotropy Weighting

Major

Minor

Vert.

Major

Minor

Vert.

Min.

Max

Max/dh

Major

Minor

Vert.

Inside Zone Pass 1

4

4

4

na

na

na

1

8

1

1

1

1

Inside Zone Pass 2

50

25

50

0,0

90,0

0,-90

1

3

1

1

0.5

1

Inside Zone Pass 3

100

100

100

na

na

na

1

3

1

1

1

1

Outside Zone Pass 1

100

100

100

na

na

na

1

5

2

1

1

1

 

 

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17.5.             Block Regularization

 

Dilution and ore loss studies were done starting with the 4m x 4m x 4m resource model as the underlying grade model.  Based on the trade off of mining cost savings/productivity versus dilution and ore loss, a final selective mining unit (SMU) of 16m x 16m x 16m was chosen.

 

Gold and silver grades from sixty-four 4m x 4m x 4m blocks were averaged into a single 16m x 16m x 16m block.  In addition to gold and silver grades, the distance to the closest composite used to estimate each 4-meter block was also regularized.  Indicator flags (0’s and 1’s) were also set in the 4-meter blocks so that the percentage of regularized block above certain cutoff grades would be known.

 

17.6.             Density

 

Insitu density values were assigned to the model blocks based on alteration type.  Table 17-6 summarizes the density values that were used.

 

Table 17-6 Density Values

 

Alteration Type

Model
Code

SG

% of
Total

Default

0

2.52

33.1%

Unaltered

1

2.50

3.5%

Propylitic

2

2.50

8.3%

Illite

4

2.57

19.7%

Illite-Smectite

5

2.57

5.0%

Kaolinite

6

2.58

1.7%

Dickite

7

2.58

3.5%

Pyrophyllite

8

2.58

2.9%

Alunite

9

2.55

11.0%

Jarosite

10

2.53

5.1%

Silica

11

2.47

3.8%

Opaline Silica

12

2.47

0.0%

Steam Heated

13

2.29

1.4%

AK Overprint

14

2.29

1.0%

 

17.7.             Resource Classification

 

The resource model blocks were classified based on the distance to the nearest sample data.  In addition to distance to data, resource classification was also based on a net revenue function where four basic cases were evaluated:

 

·                  Gold and silver revenue were each greater than mining + processing costs

 

·                  Only gold generated positive net revenue

 

·                  Only silver generated positive net revenue

 

·                  Both gold and silver were required to generate positive net revenue

 

 

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The metal or metals that were required to generate positive net revenue determined what sample data distances were checked to determine final block classification. In cases where both gold and silver grades were required to generate a positive net revenue, the distances to both gold and silver data were checked and the “worst” category was assigned to the block. If either metal alone generated positive net revenue, both distances were also checked and the “best” category was assigned.

 

Table 17-7 summarizes the distances that were used for defining each resource category.

 

Table 17-7 Resource Classification Parameters

 

 

Resource
Category

 

Model
Code

 

Blocks Inside Au & Ag Zones

 

Ag Blocks Outside of Silver Zone

 

 

Distance to Data (m)

 

Distance to Data (m)

 

 

Min

 

Max

 

Min

 

Max

Measured

 

1

 

0

 

8

 

n/a

 

n/a

Indicated

 

2

 

8

 

60

 

0

 

30 2

Inferred

 

3

 

60

 

200 1

 

30

 

200 1

Undefined 3

 

0

 

0

 

200 1

 

0

 

200 1

 

1  Blocks located inside of the Au or Ag shape and were not classifided as measured or indicated were estimated with long ranges to fill the shape and were then classifed as inferred resources.

2  High-grade silver blocks that were located outside of the silver zone that generated positive reveune that were within 30 meters of data were classified as indicated resources. This was only done for silver, not gold.

 

3  Reserved for unestimated blocks and/or uneconomic blocks

 

17.8.             Metallurgical Model

 

The metallurgical model was constructed using a block size of 8m x 8m x 8m.  Because the metallurgical ore types are based on the cutoff grades of five elements or solubility components, an indicator approach was chosen to define populations above and below the cutoff grades that were used for making metallurgical ore type assignments. Table 17-8 shows the indicator cutoff grades that were used to define the two populations for each element (i.e. populations below and above the indicator cutoff).

 

 

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Table 17-8: Metallurgical Indicator Cutoffs

 

 

Metallurgical Parameter

 

 

 

Indicator Cutoff Grade

Sulfide Sulfur

 

3.000%

Soluble Iron

 

0.750%

Total Copper

 

0.040%

Acid Soluble Copper

 

0.030%

Cyanide Soluble Copper

 

0.030%

Arsenic

 

0.019%

Mercury

 

4.7 ppm

 

Metallurgical grades were estimated using an indicator approach that defined two populations based on a cutoff grade.    The 0/1 indicators were set in the composite file for each constituent based on the metallurgical thresholds as shown in Table 17-9.  Indicator fields were interpolated using a two-pass inverse distance squared estimation strategy.  For all values except copper, an isotropic search strategy was used for selecting eligible composites for each interpolation.  Table 17-9 summarizes the search and composite selection criteria that were used for estimating the indicators.

 

Table 17-9: Metallurgical Estimation Parameters

 

Estimation

Pass

 

Range (m)

 

Composite Selection

 

Min

 

Max

 

Max/hole

First

 

75

 

2

 

5

 

2

Second

 

150

 

3

 

8

 

3

 

After the indicators were estimated, the blocks were flagged into two populations depending upon whether the indicator value was less than or greater or equal to 0.50.  The metallurgical composites were then back tagged with the flag code.  Metallurgical grades were then estimated for each of the flagged populations using a two-pass inverse distance squared strategy.  The same isotropic search distances and composite selection criteria that were used for estimating the indicators were also used for estimating metallurgical grades as shown in Table 17-9.

 

Copper grades were estimated using a multiple pass estimation strategy as shown below (Table 17-10):

 

Table 17-10: Copper Grade Estimation Parameters

 

Estimation Group

Search Ranges

Search Orientation

Number of Composites

Anisotropy Weighting

Major

Minor

Vert.

Major

Minor

Vert.

Min.

Max

Max/dh

Major

Minor

Vert.

Inside Zone Pass 1

30

15

15

120,0

30,0

30,-90

1

3

1

1

1

1

Inside Zone Pass 2

60

30

30

120,0

30,0

30,-90

2

3

1

1

1

1

Inside Zone Pass 3

120

60

60

120,0

30,0

30,-90

2

3

1

1

1

1

Inside Zone Pass 4

200

100

100

120,0

30,0

30,-90

2

3

1

1

1

1

Inside Zone Pass 5

200

200

200

120,0

30,0

30,-90

1

3

1

1

1

1

Outside Zone Pass 1

100

100

100

120,0

30,0

30,-90

1

3

1

1

1

1

Outside Zone Pass 2

100

100

100

120,0

30,0

30,-90

2

3

1

1

1

1

Outside Zone Pass 3

100

100

100

120,0

30,0

30,-90

2

3

1

1

1

1

 

 

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Acid soluble and cyanide soluble copper were particularly important in defining the various metallurgical ore types. Soluble copper data were available only in a supplemental data set consisting of about 27,000 samples.  All samples were assayed for total copper.  Total and acid soluble copper grades were estimated into 8m x 8m x 8m blocks using the supplemental assay data.  Then the ratio of soluble copper over total copper was calculated and stored in the model blocks.  Acid soluble grades were set equal to total copper grades for those blocks in which the estimated acid soluble grade exceeded the total copper grade.  This insured that the acid soluble ratio was never greater than 100%.  Then total copper was estimated into the same blocks using the exhaustive total copper data set.  A final acid soluble grade was calculated by multiplying the aforementioned ratio by the exhaustive total copper grade.  The cyanide soluble grade was then calculated by subtracting the final acid soluble grade from the exhaustive total copper grade.  This method assured that the copper grades were normalized relative to an original total copper head grade.  Finally, the blocks model were classified into the four metallurgical types including; Non Refractory, Non Refractory-Wash, Refractory Sulphide-Enargite and Refractory Sulphide-Pyrite. About 71% of the measured and indicated resources inside the pit are Non-Refractory.

 

17.9.             Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve Statements

 

Pascua Lama mineral reserves and resources were established using gold price of US$ 1,000/oz and US$1,200/oz respectively. Reserves cutoff grade was calculated at 0.00 $/t net profit. The Mineral Resources were also reported at 0.0 $/t net profit.  The Mineral Reserves were estimated based on Mine Plan, generated with ice field restriction (Toro 1, Toro 2 and Esperanza). Mineral Reserves and Resources are stated in metric units. The Mineral Resources were estimated based on a Whittle pit shell generated without ice field restriction. Ore deposits named The Morro, Lama and Penelope were included in the Mineral Resources Estimation. All mineral resources exclude mineral reserves.

 

As was mentioned in the introduction; approximately 54.4 Mtonnes of ore were sterilized due to the mine strategy which was used.

 

 

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Table 17-11: Pascua-Lama Mineral Reserves

 

 

 

Proven

Probable

Proven and Probable

 

Tonnes

X1000

Gold

Silver

Copper

Tonnes

X1000

Gold

Silver

Copper

Tonnes

X1000

Gold

Silver

Copper

 

(gm/t)

Ozs

(gm/t)

Ozs

(%)

Lbs

(gm/t)

Ozs

(gm/t)

Ozs

(%)

Lbs

(gm/t)

Ozs

Rcv%

(gm/t)

Ozs

Rcv %

(%)

Lbs

Rcv %

Esperanza

 NR

6,460

1.918

398

41.95

8,713

0.010

1,476

17,405

1.512

846

32.64

18,267

0.010

4,012

23,865

1.622

1,244

91.7%

35.16

26,980

63.2%

0.010

5,488

0%

Esperanza

REF

418

3.966

53

5.28

71

0.072

662

523

2.145

36

5.60

94

0.053

610

942

2.953

89

78.3%

5.46

165

87.1%

0.061

1,272

79.2%

Pascua

NR

20,537

1.342

886

66.66

44,012

0.032

14,632

222,534

1.188

8,502

57.32

410,127

0.027

133,660

243,071

1.201

9,388

89.5%

58.11

454,139

79.5%

0.028

148,292

0%

Pascua

REF

11,953

2.140

822

56.64

21,767

0.252

66,468

104,757

1.871

6,300

50.01

168,443

0.189

436,155

116,709

1.898

7,123

81.0%

50.69

190,209

89.1%

0.195

502,622

82.1%

Total

39,368

1.706

2,160

58.91

74,563

0.096

83,237

345,220

1.413

15,685

53.78

596,932

0.075

574,437

384,587

1.443

17,844

86.2%

54.31

671,495

81.6%

0.078

657,674

62.9%

 

Table 17-12: Pascua-Lama Mineral Resources Exclusive of Reserves

 

 

Measured

Indicated

Measured & Indicated

 

 

 

 

Tonnes
X1000

Gold

Silver

Copper

Tonnes

Gold

Silver

Copper

Tonnes

Gold

Silver

Copper

 

 

 

 

(gm/t)

Ozs

(gm/t)

Ozs

(%)

Lbs

X1000

(gm/t)

Ozs

(gm/t)

Ozs

(%)

Lbs

X1000

(gm/t)

Ozs

(gm/t)

Ozs

(%)

Lbs

 

 

 

Esperanza

 NR

12,076

1.037

402

23.03

8,940

0.018

4,841

121,231

0.753

2,934

24.20

94,317

0.021

55,936

133,307

0.778

3,337

24.09

103,257

0.021

60,776

 

 

 

Esperanza

REF

5,433

1.207

211

33.37

5,828

0.181

21,720

63,564

1.059

2,165

26.85

54,878

0.127

178,145

68,996

1.071

2,375

27.37

60,706

0.131

199,866

 

 

 

Pascua

NR

539

2.821

49

5.24

91

0.012

142

6,511

2.143

449

6.48

1,357

0.014

1,952

7,050

2.195

497

6.39

1,447

0.013

2,094

 

 

 

Pascua

REF

58

2.235

4

3.13

6

0.165

209

686

2.131

47

7.59

167

0.115

1,738

744

2.139

51

7.24

173

0.119

1,947

 

 

 

Total

18,104

1.145

666

25.54

14,865

0.067

26,912

191,993

0.906

5,594

24.42

150,720

0.056

237,771

210,097

0.927

6,261

24.51

165,585

0.057

264,684

 

 

 

 

 

Inferred

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tonnes
X1000

Gold

Silver

Copper

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(gm/t)

Ozs

(gm/t)

Ozs

(%)

Lbs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Esperanza

 NR

20,244

1.127

733

14.11

9,187

0.029

12,789

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Esperanza

REF

8,996

1.524

441

18.96

5,484

0.086

17,149

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pascua

NR

54

2.354

4

3.15

5

0.015

18

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pascua

REF

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

29,294

1.251

1,178

15.58

14,676

0.046

29,955

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

17.10.    Other Relevant Data and Information

 

The current environmental permit for the Tailings Dam capacity includes 313 Mt with a potential expansion to 350 Mt and with a feasible maximum physical topographic expansion to 420 Mt. A capacity of 400 Mt was considered in the Year End 2010 Reserves and Resources Estimation.

 

The mine Plan (E8 Rev04) was performed considered tailing dam capacity of 420 Mt.

 

The current environmental permit in Chile has a restriction: not to move the Toro1, 2 and Esperanza ice fields.

 

El Morro, Pascua Extension (Lama) and Penelope orebodies were not included in EY2008 Reserves estimation. They were only considered in the Resources Estimation.

 

17.11.    References

 

Geology, Alteration, Mineralization, and Geochemistry of the Pascua Acid Sulfate Au-Ag-Cu Deposit, Chile and Argentina; Robert W. Leonardson, Annick Chouinard, Carlos Tellez C., Pedro Silva T., Javier Vega R., and Fernando Rojas C.

 

CMNL and BEASA, Compania Minera Nevada Ltda. And Barrick Exploraciones Argentina S.A., Pascua Lama Investment Proposal Study Report, September 2004; SNC Lavalin Engineers and Constructors

 

Pascua Lama Gold Project, Mine Feasibility Study, Cia. Minera Nevada Ltda., June 2004, NCL Ingenieria y Construction S.A.

 

Review of Pascua Lama Project Region III, Chile, April 2004, Resource Evaluation Inc.

 

Pincock, Allen, and Holt, “Mineable Reserve Audit, Pascua gold project, Region III, Chile; April 23, 1999.

 

J.R. Goode and Associates, Memo on Pascua Lama non-refractory recovery curves

 

Gilberto Traslaviña C., Informe Validación Base Datos Control de Calidad, August, 2003.

 

Pascua Lama Gold Project, Mine Feasibility Study, Cia. Minera Nevada Ltda., March 2007, NCL Ingenieria y Construction S.A.

 

Pascua Lama Project Reserves and Resources End Year 2010. Internal Report, Technical Services PL, December 2010.

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

18.0  Requirements for Technical Reports on Production and Development Properties

 

18.1.             Metal and Commodity Price Assumptions

 

Commodity prices and major cost drivers are shown in Table 18-1, according to Corporate Guidelines. The applicable commodity prices for Pascua Lama Project are presented in Table 18-2.

 

Table 18-1:  Pascua-Lama 2010 Metal and Commodity Prices

 

Metal Prices for Reporting

 

Reserves

 

Resources

Gold

 

$US/oz 1,000

 

$US/oz 1,200

Silver

 

$US/oz 16.00

 

$US/oz 19.00

Copper

 

$US/lb 2.00

 

$US/lb 2.50

Fuel Prices

 

 

 

 

WTI (US$/barrel)

 

80

 

90

Exchange rates – Based USD

 

 

 

 

Euro Dollar

 

1.40

 

1.40

Chile Peso

 

525

 

525

Argentina Peso

 

3.75

 

3.75

Metal Prices for Optimum Mining Limit

 

 

 

 

Gold

 

$US/oz 1,000

 

$US/oz 1,200

Silver

 

$US/oz 16.00

 

$US/oz 19.00

Copper

 

$US/lb 2.00

 

$US/lb 2.50

 

 

 

Table 18-2:  Pascua-Lama Major Cost Drivers

 

Item

 

Unit

 

Reserves

 

Resources

Diesel

 

liter

 

0.727

 

0.805

Power (electricity)

 

kwh

 

0.1

 

0.1

Cyanide

 

t

 

2,237

 

2,237

Lime

 

t

 

110

 

110

Limestone

 

t

 

16.17

 

16.17

Flocculant

 

t

 

2,600

 

2,600

Grinding balls (3”)

 

t

 

1,195

 

1,195

Explosives

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ammonium Nitrate

 

kg

 

0.446

 

0.446

Matrix Emulsion

 

kg

 

0.454

 

0.454

Drill consumables

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bit 10 5/8”

 

un

 

3,996

 

3,996

Drill Pipes (32´)

 

un

 

17,018

 

17,018

Bit 9”

 

un

 

3,663

 

3,663

Drill Pipes (32´)

 

un

 

17,150

 

17,150

Tires – Trucks 320 st

 

un

 

41,917

 

41,917

 

 

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18.2.             Mining Operations

 

Mine Design Parameters

 

The Pascua Lama Project is an Acid Sulfate Gold, Silver and Copper Deposit. The deposit comprises the Pascua, Esperanza, El Morro, Pascua Extension (Lama) and Penelope ore bodies. Only the Pascua and Esperanza ore bodies were included as part of the Mineral Reserve estimate and the Penelope, El Morro and Lama Ore bodies were considered as part of Mineral Resources.. Mine planning is based on a single resource model that includes 16x16x16m blocks for Pascua Lama and 8x8x8m Esperanza and El Morro.

 

The open pit slope designs are supported by several technical programs that span the period from 1997 to 2006, including core drilling, geophysical surveys, engineering field investigations, interpretive geological assessments, laboratory soil and rock testing and geotechnical analysis to develop appropriate slope and waste rock facility design parameters at the feasibility level.

 

Geotechnical considerations and relevant design criteria, including perception of risk tolerance, have been significantly influenced by changes made to the geology model since feasibility level stability assessments for the open pit and the waste rock dumps were completed by Golder Associates (1999 and 2000).  The main sources of information directing the current geotechnical reassessments are the “2002 Geology Model” developed from work completed by the CMN Exploration Team in 2001 and by the comprehensive geological report prepared by Bob Leonardson (October 2003).

 

The pit design reflects geotechnical pit slope recommendations from Golder Associates of Santiago Chile together with design reviews by Golder and Barrick geotechnical staff during the planning studies. Inter-ramp slope angles vary between 40º and 53º depending on the wall orientation (as shown below), except for altered rock (steam heated) that was designed with 38º and walls intercepting high Sulphate zones where 38º to 42.5º were used. Batter angle is 70º in rock and 60 to 65º in Sulphate-altered material.

 

Global slope angles used in pit limit analysis were based on these angles with provision for the inclusion of final pit ramps based on earlier studies. Main ramps and roads were designed with 38 meters width and 8% of grade, with the exception of the last three lower benches that were 25 meters width with 10% of grade. (Figure 18-1)

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

Figure 18-1:  Pascua-Lama Inter-Ramp Slope Angles

 

GRAPHIC

 

Mining cost for pit limit analysis (same used for reserves estimation) is detailed in Table 18-1.

 

 

Table 18-3: Pascua-Lama Mining Cost Breakdown

 

 

 

 

 

Reserves

 

Resources

Drilling

 

US$/t mined

 

0.14

 

0.14

Blasting

 

US$/t mined

 

0.13

 

0.13

Loading

 

US$/t mined

 

0.31

 

0.32

Hauling

 

US$/t mined

 

0.72

 

0.74

Auxiliary & Support

 

US$/t mined

 

0.44

 

0.44

Sub-Total (Mined)

 

US$/t mined

 

1.74

 

1.78

Sub-Total (Processed)

 

US$/t milled

 

6.38

 

6.52

 

 

Process Design Parameters

 

Metallurgical recoveries for pit limit analysis are summarized in Table 18-4. Variable recoveries were applied for Refractory ore. The variable recoveries applied result in average recoveries within the resulting mine plan of Au 80.99% and Ag 84.54% for Pascua Lama and Au 78.40% and Ag 61.30% for Esperanza.

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

Table 18-4:  Pascua-Lama Metallurgical Recoveries

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gold

 

Silver

 

 

Non
Refractory

 

Refractory

 

Non
Refractory

 

Refractory

Overall Recovery Pascua Lama

 

90%1

 

80.99%2 
(average)

 

80%1

 

84.54%3 
(average)

Overall Recovery Esperanza

 

92.5%1

 

78.40%2 
(average)

 

61.30%1

 

83.17%3 
(average)

Recovery to Concentrate

 

 

 

44.07%4 
(average)

 

 

 

61.76%5 
(average)

Payable

 

99.90%

 

99.90%

 

99.85%

 

99.85%

Payable on concentrate

 

 

 

96.50%

 

 

 

95.00%

 

1. Non refractory recoveries set to constants by Gordon Wilson (2009).  J Goode(2009) test work indicated 92% for both gold and silver

 

2. Refractory gold recovery from tails equation from Goode (2009):

Autail g/t = -0.324-Cu*0.467+Cusol*0.450+Fe*0.157-Fesol*0.224+Au*0.204-Ag*0.003+py/en*0.00035+Cucon*0.018

gold recoveries capped at 20-85%

 

3. Refractory silver recovery from tails equation from Goode (2009):

Agtail = -1.4+Fe*0.9-Fesol*0.94+Ag*0.067+Cucon*0.115

silver recoveries capped at 50-90%

 

4. Gold fraction to concentrate from Goode(2009)

Con FractionAu=0.0579+Cu*0.0733+Cusol*0.159-Fesol*0.0783+RecoveryCu Sulphide*0.00851-Cucon*0.0059

 

5. Silver fraction to concentrate from Goode(2009)

Con FractionAg =0.387+Cu*0.0609+Cusol*0.342-Fesol*0.0746+RecoveryCu Sulphide*0.00537-Cucon*0.00214

 

Pyrite:Enargite ratio

py/en = (Fe-Fesol)/(Cu-Cusol)

Copper grade of flotation concentrate

Cucon = 12%

Overall Copper Flotation Recovery

RecoveryCu Sulphide = (Cucon*(Cu – Cusol - Cutail))/( Cucon - Cuflotation tail)) * 100

Overall copper tailings %

Cuflotation tail = 0.00463+ Cusulphide *0.0792+Cusol*0.0388+ Cucon *0.00049

 

 

 

Processing costs, selling costs and other plant parameters are listed in Error! Reference source not found.:

 

Table 18-5: Pascua-Lama Processing Costs and Plant Parameters

 

 

 

 

 

Reserves

 

Resources

Crushing

 

US$/t milled

 

0.15

 

0.15

Conveying

 

US$/t milled

 

0.14

 

0.14

Grinding

 

US$/t milled

 

7.07

 

7.07

Wash CCD

 

US$/t milled

 

0.37

 

0.37

Neutralization

 

US$/t milled

 

1.43

 

1.43

Flotation

 

US$/t milled

 

0.54

 

0.54

Cyanidation & MC CCD

 

US$/t milled

 

2.47

 

2.47

Gold/Silver Recovery

 

US$/t milled

 

0.93

 

0.93

Tailing Thickening

 

US$/t milled

 

0.63

 

0.63

Sub-Total (Processed)

 

US$/t milled

 

13.72

 

13.72

 

Mining,  processing, and general and administrative costs are combined to reflect total operating cost in Table 18-5.

 

 

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Table 18-6:  Pascua-Lama Total Operating Cost Breakdown

 

 

 

 

 

Reserves

 

Resources

Mining (waste)

 

US$/t mined

 

1.74

 

1.78

Mining (ore)

 

US$/t milled

 

6.38

 

6.52

Processing

 

US$/t milled

 

13.72

 

13.72

G & A

 

US$/t milled

 

3.16

 

3.16

Tailing Dam Expansion

 

US$/t milled

 

0.65

 

0.65

Total (ore)

 

US$/t milled

 

23.91

 

24.05

 

Royalties

 

Royalties applied to the revenue calculation according to the origin of the ore are described in the Table 18-76.

 

Table 18-7: Pascua-Lama Royalty Calculations

 

Royalty 

 

Pay Basis

 

Percentage

 

 

 

 

 

Argentina

 

total net revenue

 

3.00%

 

 

 

 

 

Chile

 

gold revenue

after smelting and refining deducts

 

9.804%

 

 

 

 

 

Chile

 

copper revenue

after smelting and refining deducts

 

1.9608%

 

 

 

 

 

Comsur

 

gold revenue

 

5.00%

 

 

 

 

 

Comsur

 

copper revenue

after smelting and refining deducts

 

0.50%

 

The geographical distribution of the different royalty areas is shown in the Figure 18-2:

 

Figure 18-2: Royalty Areas

 

 

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18.3.             SMU Assumptions, Bench Height, Dilution and Losses

 

As part of the resource modeling process, a series of regularized models (8 x 8 x 8m through 16 x 16 x 16m) were developed and compared to a SMU model constructed with Barrick proprietary SMUman program.

 

The SMUman program attempts to classify regular 8 x 8 x 16m blocks in contiguous ore zones in a similar manner to the ore control process of a mining operation.

 

In this way internal dilution and contact dilution are applied on a logical basis relative to the overall ore pod rather than on a mathematical basis as incurred through regularization. On a similar manner ore losses are incurred when an isolated ore block cannot be grouped with other blocks to form a contiguous mineable shape.

 

Within the process, pertinent economic parameters and “ore mixing” rules were applied considering acceptable mining shapes representing approximately 2 – 3 blasthole widths as being mineable.

 

The resultant SMUman model was reconciled against 8 x 8 x 16, 12 x 12 x 16 and 16 x 16 x 16m models and the 16 x 16 x 16m model was selected as having the best representation of the SMUman model.

 

A bench height of 16m was selected which is adequate for the scale of operation and the size of the loading equipment. No dilution factor was applied to the grades in the mine plan as this model is concluded to adequately consider dilution and losses.

 

The Esperanza and Morro areas were planned with 8m benches.

 

18.4.             Pit Limit Analysis Results

 

In addition for 2010 End-Year Resource and Reserve Estimation, the sensitivity of pit whittle to gold price was performed values of 825, 1,000 and 1,200 US$/oz respectively maintaining the silver and copper prices constant. Results are summarized below.

 

Table 18-8: Pascua-Lama Whittle Pit Sensitivity to Gold Prices

 

 

 

 

 

$US825

 

$US1000

 

$US1200

 

 

 

 

Tonnes

 

Grade

 

Ounces

 

Tonnes

 

Grade

 

Ounces

 

Tonnes

 

Grade

 

Ounces

 

 

 

 

(x 1000)

 

(g/mt)

 

(x 1000)

 

(x 1000)

 

(g/mt)

 

(x 1000)

 

(x 1000)

 

(g/mt)

 

(x 1000)

Non

 

Pascua

 

261,228

 

1.123

 

9,435

 

278,579

 

1.092

 

9,779

 

299,926

 

1.058

 

10,204

Refractory

 

Esperanza

 

27,156

 

1.566

 

1,367

 

30,330

 

1.468

 

1,431

 

33,775

 

1.385

 

1,504

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Refractory

 

Pascua

 

132,741

 

1.773

 

7,567

 

142,319

 

1.709

 

7,820

 

154,355

 

1.645

 

8,163

 

Esperanza

 

1,021

 

2.955

 

97

 

1,219

 

2.622

 

103

 

1,608

 

2.204

 

114

 

 

Total

 

422,146

 

1.361

 

18,465

 

452,447

 

1.315

 

19,133

 

489,664

 

1.269

 

19,985

 

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122



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

Figure 18-3: Pit Limit Sensitivity

 

 

18.5.             Pit Designs

 

The pit envelope corresponding to the base case metal prices was used for the design of the operational final pit, eliminating the bottom benches smaller than the minimum area required for the operation of the equipment and developing the ramp layout.

 

The ramp layout was applied mainly within the boundaries of the final optimal pit.

 

An optimal pit (pit 81 of the Whittle series) was used at Pascua as a guide to the operational design. The selection of this design was also confirmed with NPV Scheduler and also approximates well to the $1000/oz limit.

 

The final pit and dump configuration is illustrated in Figure 18-4.

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

123



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

Figure 18-4:  Pascua Final Pit and Dump Configuration

 

 

18.6.             Mineable Reserves

 

Mineable reserves for different cut-offs, within the final pit design under Reserve conditions, are shown in Table 18-9. Total rock within the Pascua 1,492 Mt.

 

18.7.             Phase Design

 

For scheduling purposes, the pit has been split into 9 logical mining phases following the sequence determined by the optimization runs, 7 in the Pascua orebody and  2 in Esperanza.

 

The sequence follows the highest revenue and lowest stripping ore. This high revenue is associated with high gold grades but also to high silver content. This results in creating a long term ROM stockpile within the production sequence.

 

The phases have been designed with a minimum width of 116m in Pascua and 90m in Esperanza (including ramps), an average of 150m and considering that 78m is the minimum width required for a rope shovel loading on both sides.

 

 

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124



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

Table 18-9:  Mineable Reserves at varying revenue cutoffs

 

 

Revenue Cutoff

 

 

0.001

 

0.2

 

0.5

 

1

 

2

 

2.5

 

3

 

4

 

5

Total rock - kt

 

1,492,026

 

1,492,026

 

1,492,026

 

1,492,026

 

1,492,026

 

1,492,026

 

1,492,026

 

1,492,026

 

1,492,026

Waste - kt

 

1,053,063

 

1,055,050

 

1,057,909

 

1,062,436

 

1,072,461

 

1,077,199

 

1,082,302

 

1,092,130

 

1,102,638

 

PROVEN RESERVES

 

NO REFRACTORY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tonnes Kt

 

29,113

 

28,994

 

28,880

 

28,692

 

28,190

 

28,014

 

27,731

 

27,206

 

26,474

Au gr/t

 

1.400

 

1.404

 

1.407

 

1.413

 

1.428

 

1.434

 

1.443

 

1.461

 

1.485

Ag gr/t

 

58.472

 

58.660

 

58.852

 

59.213

 

60.056

 

60.327

 

60.813

 

61.617

 

62.947

Au Recovered gr/t

 

1.263

 

1.266

 

1.269

 

1.274

 

1.288

 

1.293

 

1.301

 

1.318

 

1.339

Ag Recovered gr/t

 

44.930

 

45.074

 

45.220

 

45.499

 

46.145

 

46.353

 

46.725

 

47.341

 

48.367

Cut %

 

0.026

 

0.026

 

0.026

 

0.026

 

0.027

 

0.027

 

0.027

 

0.027

 

0.027

Cus %

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.020

 

0.020

 

0.020

 

0.020

 

0.020

kOz Au Contained

 

1,310

 

1,309

 

1,307

 

1,303

 

1,295

 

1,292

 

1,287

 

1,278

 

1,264

kOz Au Recovered

 

1,182

 

1,180

 

1,179

 

1,175

 

1,168

 

1,165

 

1,160

 

1,153

 

1,140

kOz Ag Contained

 

54,730

 

54,682

 

54,645

 

54,622

 

54,430

 

54,335

 

54,220

 

53,895

 

53,577

kOz Ag Recovered

 

42,054

 

42,017

 

41,988

 

41,971

 

41,822

 

41,749

 

41,659

 

41,408

 

41,167

REFRACTORY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tonnes Kt

 

13,782

 

13,734

 

13,702

 

13,553

 

13,404

 

13,312

 

13,213

 

13,042

 

12,876

Au gr/t

 

2.047

 

2.052

 

2.055

 

2.070

 

2.084

 

2.092

 

2.102

 

2.119

 

2.135

Ag gr/t

 

52.410

 

52.566

 

52.689

 

53.146

 

53.628

 

53.934

 

54.325

 

54.905

 

55.548

Au Recovered gr/t

 

1.653

 

1.657

 

1.660

 

1.672

 

1.684

 

1.692

 

1.699

 

1.714

 

1.726

Ag Recovered gr/t

 

46.638

 

46.778

 

46.887

 

47.294

 

47.728

 

48.007

 

48.357

 

48.875

 

49.448

Cut %

 

0.232

 

0.233

 

0.233

 

0.235

 

0.236

 

0.236

 

0.238

 

0.240

 

0.241

Cus %

 

0.075

 

0.076

 

0.076

 

0.076

 

0.076

 

0.077

 

0.077

 

0.078

 

0.079

kOz Au Contained

 

907

 

906

 

905

 

902

 

898

 

896

 

893

 

889

 

884

kOz Au Recovered

 

733

 

732

 

731

 

729

 

726

 

724

 

722

 

718

 

715

kOz Ag Contained

 

23,224

 

23,212

 

23,211

 

23,159

 

23,110

 

23,083

 

23,078

 

23,022

 

22,995

kOz Ag Recovered

 

20,666

 

20,656

 

20,656

 

20,608

 

20,568

 

20,547

 

20,542

 

20,493

 

20,470

 

PROBABLE RESERVES

 

NO REFRACTORY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tonnes Kt

 

272,152

 

270,985

 

268,956

 

265,987

 

259,088

 

255,846

 

252,383

 

245,882

 

238,877

Au gr/t

 

1.105

 

1.108

 

1.113

 

1.120

 

1.137

 

1.145

 

1.154

 

1.170

 

1.189

Ag gr/t

 

53.205

 

53.388

 

53.705

 

54.175

 

55.192

 

55.706

 

56.225

 

57.257

 

58.358

Au Recovered gr/t

 

0.991

 

0.994

 

0.998

 

1.004

 

1.019

 

1.026

 

1.035

 

1.049

 

1.066

Ag Recovered gr/t

 

41.943

 

42.088

 

42.338

 

42.709

 

43.512

 

43.918

 

44.328

 

45.143

 

46.012

Cut %

 

0.025

 

0.025

 

0.025

 

0.025

 

0.025

 

0.025

 

0.025

 

0.026

 

0.026

Cus %

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.019

 

0.020

kOz Au Contained

 

9,673

 

9,654

 

9,622

 

9,574

 

9,470

 

9,416

 

9,362

 

9,251

 

9,132

kOz Au Recovered

 

8,673

 

8,657

 

8,628

 

8,585

 

8,491

 

8,443

 

8,394

 

8,295

 

8,189

kOz Ag Contained

 

465,536

 

465,138

 

464,397

 

463,288

 

459,743

 

458,214

 

456,229

 

452,636

 

448,197

kOz Ag Recovered

 

366,993

 

366,684

 

366,103

 

365,236

 

362,451

 

361,252

 

359,692

 

356,866

 

353,373

REFRACTORY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tonnes Kt

 

123,916

 

123,263

 

122,579

 

121,357

 

118,884

 

117,656

 

116,397

 

113,767

 

111,162

Au gr/t

 

1.689

 

1.694

 

1.700

 

1.710

 

1.730

 

1.741

 

1.752

 

1.774

 

1.797

Ag gr/t

 

47.244

 

47.444

 

47.661

 

48.032

 

48.815

 

49.195

 

49.591

 

50.430

 

51.313

Au Recovered gr/t

 

1.364

 

1.368

 

1.373

 

1.382

 

1.399

 

1.408

 

1.417

 

1.436

 

1.455

Ag Recovered gr/t

 

42.052

 

42.232

 

42.426

 

42.761

 

43.468

 

43.810

 

44.167

 

44.923

 

45.720

Cut %

 

0.175

 

0.176

 

0.176

 

0.177

 

0.179

 

0.179

 

0.180

 

0.182

 

0.184

Cus %

 

0.061

 

0.061

 

0.061

 

0.061

 

0.062

 

0.062

 

0.063

 

0.063

 

0.064

kOz Au Contained

 

6,729

 

6,714

 

6,699

 

6,671

 

6,613

 

6,584

 

6,555

 

6,491

 

6,422

kOz Au Recovered

 

5,434

 

5,423

 

5,411

 

5,391

 

5,347

 

5,325

 

5,303

 

5,254

 

5,201

kOz Ag Contained

 

188,221

 

188,019

 

187,830

 

187,409

 

186,579

 

186,089

 

185,582

 

184,459

 

183,391

kOz Ag Recovered

 

167,536

 

167,364

 

167,202

 

166,843

 

166,142

 

165,721

 

165,284

 

164,315

 

163,400

 

TOTAL  RESERVES

 

Tonnes Kt

 

438,963

 

436,976

 

434,117

 

429,590

 

419,565

 

414,827

 

409,724

 

399,896

 

389,388

Au gr/t

 

1.319

 

1.323

 

1.328

 

1.336

 

1.355

 

1.364

 

1.374

 

1.393

 

1.414

Ag gr/t

 

51.847

 

52.035

 

52.309

 

52.744

 

53.662

 

54.114

 

54.590

 

55.535

 

56.566

Au Recovered gr/t

 

1.135

 

1.138

 

1.143

 

1.150

 

1.166

 

1.174

 

1.183

 

1.199

 

1.218

Ag Recovered gr/t

 

42.319

 

42.474

 

42.698

 

43.055

 

43.811

 

44.183

 

44.575

 

45.352

 

46.202

Cut %

 

0.074

 

0.074

 

0.074

 

0.075

 

0.075

 

0.076

 

0.076

 

0.077

 

0.078

Cus %

 

0.032

 

0.032

 

0.033

 

0.033

 

0.033

 

0.033

 

0.033

 

0.034

 

0.034

kOz Au Contained

 

18,619

 

18,583

 

18,533

 

18,451

 

18,276

 

18,188

 

18,096

 

17,908

 

17,701

kOz Au Recovered

 

16,021

 

15,992

 

15,949

 

15,880

 

15,732

 

15,658

 

15,579

 

15,420

 

15,244

kOz Ag Contained

 

731,711

 

731,051

 

730,083

 

728,477

 

723,862

 

721,721

 

719,108

 

714,011

 

708,160

kOz Ag Recovered

 

597,249

 

596,720

 

595,948

 

594,659

 

590,983

 

589,269

 

587,177

 

583,083

 

578,410

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

125



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

The general phase sequence is presented in the Figure 18-5 and Figure 18-6  for benches 4,892 and 4,796 respectively.

 

Figure 18-5:  Pascua Pit Phases – 4892 Level

 

 

Figure 18-6:  Pascua Pit Phases – 4796 Level

 

 

18.8.             Mine Production Schedule

 

Mine schedule presented corresponds to that developed with the Mid of Year Reserves and has been elaborated over 21 production years followed by four years of only stockpile reclaim. A value of 3.5 US$/t was used as cut-off revenues in this schedule. Pre-stripping (PP) totals 85 Mt of waste and is mined in 21 months.  The mine production schedule on the EOY Reserves 2010 is in progress.  First production is expected in the first half of 2013 with average annual gold production expected to be 750,000 – 800,000 ounces in the first full five years of production. (Table 18-11 and Table 18-11)

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

126



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

Peak mine capacity is 121 Mt/a. In addition, a total of 129.8 Mt of ore is sent to a long-term stockpile and part of that amounting 50.1 Mt is treated at the end of the mine life.

 

A nominal plant capacity of 45,000 tpd of ore, to be reached in year 3, starting with a 30,000 tpd rate in the initial years. A ramp up of plant treatment rate to reach full production in twenty four months.

 

A total amount of 343 operation days per year was estimated, considering a total of 22 days losses for bad weather conditions.(snow and wind)

 

18.9.             Waste Dump Design and Schedule

 

A total of 1,107 Mt of waste rock will be produced during the life of the mine. Of this, 145 Mt correspond to steam heated material and 962 Mt of other rock types.  Material is dumped in the Nevada Norte dump (with a maximum capacity of 1,200 Mt) to the north-west of the Pascua pit. In the event that additional capacity is required due to increased ore reserves, the El Morro WRF will be developed in Argentina with an estimated capacity of 270 Mt. Waste dump designs consider dumping with trucks with top-down construction. The steam heated material that is mainly produced in the initial years of the mine could be problematic.  This will require long dump crests to minimize crest advance rates.  Stability of the Nevada Norte waste rock facility has been identified as a major mining risk to the project.  The overall dump height, specifically in the early years, will mean that continuous dump settlement will occur and specific attention will be required in dump management and control. Risk is identified with the operation of this dump.

 

The Nevada Norte waste dump operation has to deal with unfavorable stability conditions, wind and snow, potentially incompetent material and increasing dumping heights which will produce severe operation conditions. Apart from these, a significant long term stockpile has to be located on top the dump. All these considerations indicate that waste dumping has to be carefully planned and controlled.

 

The Project Layout is illustrated in Figure 18-7.

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

127



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

Table 18-10: Mine Production Schedule

 

 

MINING PRODUCTION

 

 

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Ore Mined - Chile

tx1000

578

17,497

18,409

21,289

30,934

20,527

16,886

9,107

12,991

11,628

14,389

11,005

12,633

10,830

Ore Mined - Argentina

tx1000

0

0

0

0

187

0

109

3,036

10,727

8,869

9,374

8,851

10,782

7,221

Total Ore Mined

tx1000

578

17,497

18,409

21,289

31,121

20,527

16,995

12,143

23,718

20,497

23,763

19,856

23,416

18,050

Waste Mined - Chile

tx1000

16,826

86,701

81,232

88,029

77,230

75,327

62,070

48,684

42,575

23,305

20,031

13,543

14,948

14,960

Waste Mined - Argentina

tx1000

1,664

3,278

11,766

6,506

9,788

11,415

28,932

46,768

31,063

11,618

13,299

7,201

3,477

6,657

Total  Waste Mined

tx1000

18,490

89,979

92,998

94,535

87,018

86,743

91,002

95,453

73,637

34,923

33,329

20,744

18,424

21,617

Ore+Waste Mined - Chile

tx1000

17,404

104,197

99,641

109,318

108,165

95,854

78,956

57,791

55,565

34,933

34,420

24,548

27,581

25,790

Ore+Waste Mined - Argentina

tx1000

1,664

3,278

11,766

6,506

9,975

11,415

29,040

49,804

41,790

20,487

22,673

16,052

14,259

13,877

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Material Mined

tx1000

19,068

107,476

111,407

115,823

118,140

107,269

107,996

107,595

97,355

55,420

57,093

40,600

41,840

39,667

Chile Ore Rehandle

tx1000

26

1,141

2,122

1,852

990

4,161

6,096

7,168

854

3,250

584

521

522

1,439

Argentina Ore Rehandle

tx1000

0

0

0

0

0

20

41

73

136

481

406

469

468

1,503

Total Ore Rehandle

tx1000

26

1,141

2,122

1,852

990

4,181

6,138

7,241

990

3,731

990

990

990

2,941

 

MILL FEED NON-REFRACTORY

 

 

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Total Tons to Mill

tx1000

0

12,454

16,425

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

Overall Grade - Gold

g/t

0.00

1.43

1.48

1.63

1.90

1.59

1.51

1.17

0.96

1.19

1.18

1.09

1.30

1.38

Recovery - Gold

%

0.0

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

Overall Grade - Silver

g/t

0.0

95.5

76.6

95.4

129.3

51.5

29.2

31.6

86.7

86.7

97.6

88.3

73.5

63.6

Recovery - Silver

%

0

79

75

79

80

78

78

79

79

79

79

79

79

79

Neutralization CaO kg/t

kg/t

0.0

9.0

12.6

15.8

40.3

26.5

16.7

17.0

26.8

31.4

23.6

23.6

26.6

22.9

Tons to Mill - Chile

tx1000

0

12,454

16,425

10,950

10,921

10,930

10,870

9,164

4,196

5,236

5,829

5,517

5,336

6,532

Grams / Ton - Gold - Chile

g/t

0.00

1.43

1.48

1.63

1.89

1.59

1.51

1.20

1.27

1.46

1.49

1.30

1.55

1.61

Gold Recovery - Chile, %

%

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

Oz of Gold Recovered - Chile

1000 oz

0

513

698

513

595

501

472

316

153

220

250

207

238

302

Grams / Ton - Silver - Chile

g/t

0.00

95.50

76.64

95.43

129.57

51.45

29.21

23.73

63.01

60.78

67.88

57.20

43.19

44.96

Silver Recovery - Chile, %

%

78.4

78.5

75.5

79.3

79.5

78.4

77.9

78.5

78.7

77.2

78.2

79.0

79.3

79.4

Oz of Silver Recovered - Chile

oz

0

30,021

30,548

26,658

36,173

14,180

7,953

5,488

6,686

7,894

9,951

8,018

5,878

7,493

Tons to Mill - Argentina

tx1000

0

0

0

0

29

20

80

1,786

6,754

5,714

5,121

5,433

5,614

4,417

Grams / Ton - Gold - Argentina

g/t

0.00

0.00

0.00

2.44

3.25

1.08

1.25

1.02

0.77

0.95

0.82

0.88

1.05

1.05

Gold Recovery - Argentina, %

%

0.0

0.0

0.0

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

Oz of Gold Recovered

oz

0

0

0

0

3

1

3

52

149

155

121

137

170

133

Grams / Ton - Silver - Argentina

g/t

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.72

15.33

53.91

34.76

72.01

101.46

110.39

131.43

119.84

102.37

91.11

Silver Recovery - Argentina, %

%

0.0

0.0

0.0

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

Oz of Silver Recovered

oz

0

0

0

0

11

28

71

3,288

17,521

16,126

17,208

16,646

14,693

10,290

Comsur portion of Au Recovered

%

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Gold Oz for Comsur Royalty

oz

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 

MILL FEED REFRACTORY

 

 

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Tons to Mill - In ‘000 Tonnes

tx1000

0

0

0

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

Overall Grade - Gold

g/t

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.96

2.46

3.15

2.21

2.59

2.66

1.59

1.38

1.63

1.68

1.52

Recovery Gold - Dore process

%

0.0

0.0

0.0

42.4

45.4

41.9

37.5

36.2

33.7

39.8

40.2

39.1

38.1

36.8

Recovery Gold - Concentrate

%

0.0

0.0

0.0

41.2

37.4

39.7

43.8

44.3

45.6

41.1

42.1

44.0

44.4

43.6

Total Recovery Gold - Refractory feed

%

0.0

0.0

0.0

83.5

82.7

81.6

81.4

80.5

79.3

80.9

82.2

83.1

82.4

80.4

Overall Grade - Silver

g/t

0.00

0.00

0.00

95.04

122.01

74.66

28.40

26.99

30.05

52.03

87.91

96.80

72.80

67.07

Recovery Silver - Dore process

%

0.0

0.0

0.0

25.0

27.7

25.5

21.4

21.6

17.3

23.4

23.8

23.1

22.1

21.4

Recovery Silver - Concentrate

%

0.0

0.0

0.0

59.9

57.1

59.3

62.8

62.6

66.1

61.2

61.0

61.8

62.7

63.3

Total Recovery Silver - Refractory feed

%

0.0

0.0

0.0

84.8

84.8

84.7

84.2

84.1

83.4

84.6

84.9

84.9

84.8

84.7

Overall % Copper CuCN

%

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.08

0.11

0.16

0.11

0.14

0.20

0.10

0.10

0.16

0.17

0.12

Recovery - Copper

%

0.0

0.0

0.0

77.1

72.8

82.4

82.4

83.7

83.2

83.4

81.8

83.8

83.7

82.1

Neutralization CaO kg/t

kg/t

0.00

0.00

0.00

50.74

71.73

70.10

41.10

40.29

33.65

42.49

51.07

58.11

51.36

40.34

Tons to Mill - Chile (In ‘000 Tonnes)

tx1000

0

0

0

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,464

5,258

5,050

4,792

3,900

3,570

3,357

2,882

Grams / Ton - Gold - Chile

g/t

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.96

2.46

3.15

2.21

2.63

2.81

1.63

1.52

1.85

1.95

1.81

Oz of Gold to Dore

ozx1000

0

0

0

146

197

233

146

161

154

100

78

84

80

62

Oz of Gold to Concentrate

ozx1000

0

0

0

142

162

220

170

197

208

104

81

94

94

73

Oz of Gold Recovered

ozx1000

0

0

0

288

359

453

316

358

362

204

159

178

174

134

Grams / Ton - Silver - Chile

g/t

0.00

0.00

0.00

95.04

122.01

74.66

28.45

27.81

22.59

45.77

68.70

75.55

39.79

37.20

Oz of Silver to Dore

ozx1000

0

0

0

4,174

5,957

3,348

1,069

1,014

630

1,650

2,053

2,003

947

737

Oz of Silver to Concentrate

ozx1000

0

0

0

10,016

12,258

7,787

3,140

2,943

2,405

4,310

5,255

5,354

2,687

2,175

Oz of Silver Recovered

ozx1000

0

0

0

14,190

18,215

11,136

4,209

3,956

3,035

5,960

7,307

7,357

3,634

2,913

% of Copper CN - Chile

%

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.076

0.106

0.159

0.115

0.140

0.212

0.109

0.126

0.209

0.233

0.186

Tons of Copper Produced

t

0

0

0

3,201

4,220

7,167

5,165

6,147

8,919

4,343

4,027

6,250

6,556

4,408

Tons to Mill - Argentina (In ‘000 Tonnes)

tx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

11

217

425

684

1,575

1,905

2,118

2,593

Grams / Ton - Gold - Argentina

g/t

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

2.81

1.70

0.95

1.28

1.02

1.21

1.26

1.19

Oz of Gold to Dore

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

5

4

11

18

28

33

37

Oz of Gold to Concentrate

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

5

6

12

22

33

38

43

Oz of Gold Recovered

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

10

10

22

40

61

71

80

Grams / Ton - Silver - Argentina

g/t

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

1.15

7.13

118.77

95.95

135.47

136.63

125.09

100.26

Oz of Silver to Dore

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

11

313

501

1,640

1,935

1,898

1,814

Oz of Silver to Concentrate

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

31

1,063

1,289

4,185

5,168

5,331

5,277

Oz of Silver Recovered

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

42

1,377

1,790

5,824

7,103

7,229

7,091

% of Copper CN - Argentina

%

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.030

0.090

0.033

0.029

0.032

0.060

0.060

0.037

Tons of Copper Produced

t

0

0

0

0

0

0

3

163

118

164

413

965

1,056

798

Comsur portion of Au Recovered

%

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Gold Oz for Comsur Royalty

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 

MILLING PRODUCTION

 

 

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Tons to Mill

tx1000

0

12,454

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

Oz of Gold to Dore

ozx1000

0

513

698

660

794

734

621

534

460

487

466

455

521

534

Oz of Gold to Concentrate

ozx1000

0

0

0

142

162

220

171

202

214

115

103

127

132

116

Oz of Gold Recovered

ozx1000

0

513

698

802

956

955

791

736

674

602

569

581

653

650

Oz of Silver to Dore

ozx1000

0

30,021

30,548

30,832

42,142

17,556

9,093

9,801

25,151

26,171

30,852

28,602

23,415

20,335

Oz of Silver to Concentrate

ozx1000

0

0

0

10,016

12,258

7,787

3,140

2,974

3,468

5,600

9,439

10,522

8,019

7,452

Oz of Silver Recovered

ozx1000

0

30,021

30,548

40,847

54,399

25,343

12,233

12,774

28,619

31,770

40,291

39,125

31,434

27,787

Tons of Copper Produced

t

0

0

0

3,201

4,220

7,167

5,168

6,309

9,036

4,507

4,439

7,215

7,612

5,206

Gold Oz for Comsur Royalty

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

128



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

Table 18-11: Mine Production Schedule (Cont)

 

 

MINING PRODUCTION

 

 

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030

2031

2032

2033

2034

2035

2036

Ore Mined - Chile

tx1000

13,792

11,148

9,190

15,864

9,348

6,125

7,136

11,052

0

0

0

Ore Mined - Argentina

tx1000

5,822

6,099

6,318

3,552

6,099

3,298

1,662

0

0

0

0

Total Ore Mined

tx1000

19,614

17,247

15,508

19,416

15,447

9,424

8,798

11,052

0

0

0

Waste Mined - Chile

tx1000

18,719

16,609

10,072

10,324

11,353

17,297

21,913

10,981

0

0

0

Waste Mined - Argentina

tx1000

5,667

10,144

6,920

3,242

8,200

8,280

4,289

0

0

0

0

Total  Waste Mined

tx1000

24,386

26,753

16,992

13,567

19,553

25,576

26,202

10,981

0

0

0

Ore+Waste Mined - Chile

tx1000

32,511

27,757

19,261

26,189

20,701

23,422

29,049

22,033

0

0

0

Ore+Waste Mined - Argentina

tx1000

11,489

16,243

13,239

6,794

14,299

11,578

5,951

0

0

0

0

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Material Mined

tx1000

44,000

44,000

32,500

32,983

35,000

35,000

35,000

22,033

0

0

0

Chile Ore Rehandle

tx1000

775

1,036

1,943

1,077

2,481

5,516

6,081

4,210

11,937

13,204

6,110

Argentina Ore Rehandle

tx1000

806

1,063

1,075

440

930

2,154

2,315

1,637

4,488

3,221

1,913

Total Ore Rehandle

tx1000

1,581

2,099

3,018

1,517

3,411

7,670

8,396

5,847

16,425

16,425

8,023

 

MILL FEED NON-REFRACTORY

 

 

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030

2031

2032

2033

2034

2035

2036

Total Tons to Mill

tx1000

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

10,950

7,868

Overall Grade - Gold

g/t

1.41

1.31

1.22

1.40

1.25

1.14

0.99

1.18

0.53

0.53

0.53

Recovery - Gold

%

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

Overall Grade - Silver

g/t

39.5

38.5

33.3

18.0

21.4

16.9

19.9

14.2

34.5

34.5

34.5

Recovery - Silver

%

79

79

79

79

79

78

79

79

79

79

79

Neutralization CaO kg/t

kg/t

16.2

17.1

18.3

12.8

17.5

15.6

13.7

9.2

16.7

16.7

16.7

Tons to Mill - Chile

tx1000

7,869

6,329

6,380

8,837

6,930

7,569

8,765

10,097

8,164

8,164

6,512

Grams / Ton - Gold - Chile

g/t

1.44

1.38

1.30

1.43

1.22

1.07

1.03

1.26

0.61

0.61

0.61

Gold Recovery - Chile, %

%

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

Oz of Gold Recovered - Chile

1000 oz

326

251

239

362

242

233

259

365

142

142

113

Grams / Ton - Silver - Chile

g/t

29.91

22.06

18.36

13.47

18.75

15.15

15.76

11.01

36.00

36.00

36.00

Silver Recovery - Chile, %

%

79.4

79.3

78.6

79.0

78.3

77.4

78.7

78.9

78.6

78.6

78.6

Oz of Silver Recovered - Chile

oz

6,011

3,559

2,962

3,024

3,272

2,853

3,496

2,821

7,430

7,430

5,927

Tons to Mill - Argentina

tx1000

3,081

4,621

4,570

2,113

4,020

3,381

2,185

853

2,786

2,786

1,356

Grams / Ton - Gold - Argentina

g/t

1.32

1.21

1.10

1.31

1.32

1.31

0.85

0.27

0.27

0.27

0.27

Gold Recovery - Argentina, %

%

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

89.5

Oz of Gold Recovered

oz

117

161

144

80

152

127

53

7

22

22

11

Grams / Ton - Silver - Argentina

g/t

63.93

60.97

54.21

36.79

25.94

20.84

36.28

51.45

51.45

51.45

51.45

Silver Recovery - Argentina, %

%

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

79.5

Oz of Silver Recovered

oz

5,035

7,204

6,334

1,988

2,666

1,801

2,026

1,122

3,664

3,664

1,784

Comsur portion of Au Recovered

%

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Gold Oz for Comsur Royalty

oz

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 

MILL FEED REFRACTORY

 

 

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030

2031

2032

2033

2034

2035

2036

Tons to Mill - In ‘000 Tonnes

tx1000

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

5,475

2,692

Overall Grade - Gold

g/t

1.60

1.87

1.68

1.85

1.64

2.04

2.02

2.17

1.72

1.27

0.92

Recovery Gold - Dore process

%

35.7

33.7

33.8

34.5

34.6

33.2

33.6

34.9

34.9

39.6

35.8

Recovery Gold - Concentrate

%

44.8

46.7

46.6

46.0

45.4

46.4

46.6

45.4

45.6

41.0

41.9

Total Recovery Gold - Refractory feed

%

80.6

80.3

80.4

80.5

80.0

79.6

80.2

80.2

80.5

80.6

77.7

Overall Grade - Silver

g/t

43.82

36.72

44.40

26.67

24.10

21.76

23.04

23.05

39.43

35.00

13.91

Recovery Silver - Dore process

%

19.7

18.1

17.6

18.2

18.8

17.1

17.4

17.6

19.0

23.4

19.7

Recovery Silver - Concentrate

%

64.9

66.2

66.8

65.8

65.1

66.4

66.5

66.1

65.4

61.1

63.7

Total Recovery Silver - Refractory feed

%

84.6

84.4

84.4

84.0

84.0

83.6

83.9

83.7

84.4

84.5

83.4

Overall % Copper CuCN

%

0.11

0.13

0.13

0.13

0.11

0.15

0.14

0.14

0.12

0.08

0.09

Recovery - Copper

%

82.0

82.5

82.6

82.6

81.3

83.0

83.1

84.1

82.4

80.2

80.4

Neutralization CaO kg/t

kg/t

32.03

23.61

29.29

23.19

30.65

25.43

22.52

17.53

29.38

35.39

21.75

Tons to Mill - Chile (In ‘000 Tonnes)

tx1000

3,512

3,917

3,403

4,455

3,456

3,507

3,794

4,691

3,773

5,039

2,136

Grams / Ton - Gold - Chile

g/t

1.72

2.06

1.99

2.02

1.76

2.02

1.97

2.32

1.93

1.28

0.99

Oz of Gold to Dore

ozx1000

70

88

73

100

68

77

81

122

82

82

25

Oz of Gold to Concentrate

ozx1000

88

122

101

134

90

108

112

159

107

85

29

Oz of Gold Recovered

ozx1000

158

209

175

234

158

185

193

281

189

167

53

Grams / Ton - Silver - Chile

g/t

22.62

19.27

16.74

15.36

11.57

12.87

13.64

13.06

19.88

31.52

10.23

Oz of Silver to Dore

ozx1000

501

436

318

397

240

248

287

342

455

1,193

138

Oz of Silver to Concentrate

ozx1000

1,649

1,597

1,205

1,433

831

962

1,098

1,284

1,565

3,119

445

Oz of Silver Recovered

ozx1000

2,150

2,033

1,522

1,830

1,071

1,211

1,385

1,626

2,020

4,312

582

% of Copper CN - Chile

%

0.158

0.160

0.165

0.152

0.146

0.184

0.151

0.158

0.160

0.084

0.103

Tons of Copper Produced

t

4,548

5,173

4,650

5,581

4,105

5,370

4,758

6,232

4,989

3,392

1,769

Tons to Mill - Argentina (In ‘000 Tonnes)

tx1000

1,963

1,558

2,072

1,020

2,019

1,968

1,681

784

1,702

436

557

Grams / Ton - Gold - Argentina

g/t

1.39

1.39

1.17

1.10

1.42

2.06

2.13

1.27

1.27

1.19

0.67

Oz of Gold to Dore

ozx1000

29

22

27

12

31

39

37

11

24

6

3

Oz of Gold to Concentrate

ozx1000

40

33

36

17

42

61

54

15

32

7

5

Oz of Gold Recovered

ozx1000

69

55

63

28

73

100

91

26

55

13

9

Grams / Ton - Silver - Argentina

g/t

81.75

80.57

89.85

76.09

45.55

37.62

44.27

82.77

82.77

75.28

28.04

Oz of Silver to Dore

ozx1000

1,044

763

1,135

489

580

413

440

408

897

250

105

Oz of Silver to Concentrate

ozx1000

3,330

2,655

3,938

1,625

1,911

1,579

1,579

1,361

2,941

644

317

Oz of Silver Recovered

ozx1000

4,374

3,419

5,073

2,114

2,491

1,992

2,019

1,769

3,839

894

422

% of Copper CN - Argentina

%

0.028

0.047

0.071

0.047

0.048

0.101

0.104

0.046

0.046

0.044

0.032

Tons of Copper Produced

t

450

610

1,215

399

787

1,649

1,455

302

642

153

142

Comsur portion of Au Recovered

%

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Gold Oz for Comsur Royalty

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 

MILLING PRODUCTION

 

 

2026

2027

2028

2029

2030

2031

2032

2033

2034

2035

2036

Tons to Mill

tx1000

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

16,425

10,561

Oz of Gold to Dore

ozx1000

542

522

483

554

494

476

431

505

269

252

152

Oz of Gold to Concentrate

ozx1000

128

155

137

150

132

169

166

173

139

92

34

Oz of Gold Recovered

ozx1000

670

676

621

704

625

645

597

678

408

344

186

Oz of Silver to Dore

ozx1000

12,591

11,963

10,749

5,898

6,759

5,314

6,250

4,693

12,446

12,536

7,952

Oz of Silver to Concentrate

ozx1000

4,978

4,252

5,143

3,057

2,742

2,541

2,676

2,645

4,507

3,763

762

Oz of Silver Recovered

ozx1000

17,570

16,215

15,892

8,956

9,500

7,856

8,926

7,338

16,953

16,299

8,714

Tons of Copper Produced

t

4,998

5,783

5,865

5,980

4,892

7,019

6,214

6,534

5,631

3,546

1,911

Gold Oz for Comsur Royalty

ozx1000

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

Figure 18-7: Project Layout

 

 

18.10.    Pre-production activities

 

The contracted pre-production development only for roads and mine platforms includes a total of 4.2 million m3 of cut and 1.0 million m3 fill, plus a total of 11.6 km of roads.

 

The schedule of these activities has an estimated time of 15 months, including 4 months for winter conditions and according to budgetary quotations received from contractors.

 

Pre stripping (PP) totals 85 Mt of waste and is mined in 18 months including Phase 1 at Pascua and Phase 1 of Esperanza.

 

This activity will be performed with owner equipment and considers working with hydraulic shovels and front end loaders during the first quarter.

 

18.11.    Equipment Requirements

 

The drilling equipment will consist of 4 electric units with 270 mm diameter for Pascua and two 229 mm for Esperanza. Pre-splitting will be applied in the final pit walls and will be drilled with 165 mm diameter holes.

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

Blasting design assumes the use of heavy ANFO as the primary blasting agent with 100% use of emulsion in areas requiring higher strength or water resistance. Powder factors have been estimated at 185 to 327 g/t for Pascua and 198 to 264 g/t for Esperanza.

 

A trade-off study was performed comparing loading with diesel powered hydraulic excavators versus electric powered rope shovels. While hydraulic excavators offer the opportunity to eliminate the requirement for an electrical reticulation system within the pit, rope shovels offer the lowest unit operating costs and life of machine cost together with good reliability. The study considers primarily the use of trailing cables for power distribution due to the severe wind conditions at site; also additional support equipment, including cable handlers and a mobile motor-generator set, is included. The hydraulic option was strongly affected by the impact of a weak dollar and high fuel costs applicable at the time of the study. The preferred option is a fleet of electric rope shovels for the majority of loading requirements supported by hydraulic excavators and front-end loaders for ore loading and secondary requirements.

 

There will be two 54m3 electric rope shovels assigned to waste loading, plus three 42m3 diesel hydraulic shovels and three 17m3 front end loaders assigned to ore and stock re-handling. Performance for a 54m3 shovel in waste is estimated at 70,000 tpd while the 42m3 shovels performance is estimated at 65,000 tpd. According to the current construction plan, electric energy will be available at the mine only at the second quarter of the prestripping, so this first stage of exploitation has to be done only with the hydraulic shovels and front-end loaders. The electric supply has to consider topographic and weather conditions (winds, snow) and avoid exposed aerial lines in problematic areas and will depend primarily on trailing cable.

 

The truck fleet consists of 30, 290 t capacity units. Calculation of the number of trucks is based upon the detailed estimate of hauling distances for every type of material per phase and period. A trade-off with larger truck units was performed and this indicated no advantage from >300t trucks primarily as a result of the limited up-hill haulage requirement.

 

Truck speeds were determined upon the basis of typical values, affected by correction factors to allow for slower velocities at the benches and at the dumps, altitude and weather conditions.  Typical values have been gathered from other mine sites. Truck hours were calculated per period, type of material and loading unit dividing the tonnage that has to be transported by the hourly productivity of each combination.

 

The ancillary equipment includes bulldozers (D375A and D475A type), wheel-dozers (WD600 and WD900 type), graders (GD825A type) and water trucks (90m3).

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

The equipment fleet was calculated per period of the plan. A summary of this fleet is shown in the Table 18-11 and Table 18-12.

 

Table 18-12: Pascua-Lama Primary Fleet Requirement

 

Mine Equipment

 

Specification

 

Capex

 

Sust.
Capital

 

Total

Electric drills

 

BE -49 HR (10 5/8” Φ)

 

3

 

1

 

4

Diesel drill

 

Sand. –D90 KS (10 5/8”Φ)

 

1

 

-

 

1

Diesel drill

 

Sand. -DR460 (9”Φ)

 

1

 

-

 

1

Rope shovels

 

BE -495 HR2 (79 CY)

 

2

 

-

 

2

Front end loader

 

Kom. -WA1200-3 HL (22 CY)

 

3

 

-

 

3

Hydraulic shovels

 

Kom. -PC8000-6 (55 CY)

 

2

 

1

 

3

Trucks

 

Kom. -930E-4 (320 ST)

 

30

 

-

 

30

Trackdozers

 

Kom. -D375A-5

 

5

 

-

 

5

Trackdozers

 

Kom. -D475A-5

 

7

 

-

 

7

Wheeldozers

 

Kom. -WD600-3

 

3

 

-

 

3

Wheeldozers

 

Kom. -WD900-3

 

1

 

1

 

2

Motorgraders

 

Kom. -GD825A-2

 

6

 

-

 

6

Water truck

 

Kom. -HD785-7 WT

 

3

 

-

 

3

 

 

Table 18-13: Pascua-Lama Support Equipment Summary

 

Item

 

Total

Secondary diesel drill (6 1/2”)

 

2

Motivator

 

1

Cable Reeler and Front End Loader

 

4

Transformers for Shovels

 

2

Backhoe (5-8 yd3)

 

2

Backhoe (0,5-1,0 yd3)

 

4

Lube Truck (site star)

 

2

Service and Welding Truck (12t & 18t)

 

2

Mobile Crane (80 t)

 

1

Mobile Crane (150 t)

 

1

Low bed Truck (100 t)

 

1

Tire Handler (Commander IV)

 

1

Variable Work Table

 

2

Forklifts (7 t)

 

8

Boom Truck (12 t)

 

2

Snow Cat (Bully 300 mine edition)

 

2

Front end Loader (WA-470 o Similar)

 

3

Compactor (15 t)

 

3

Man Lift (JLG, modelo 600 o 1200)

 

4

 

18.12.    Capital and Operating Costs

 

The pre-production capital expenditure for the project is expected to be MUS$ 3,300 – 3,600, this investment considers prestripping, pioneering, equipment for

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

mine operation and the rest of initial capital for the project. The sustaining capital for mine was estimated at MUS$ 392. The average total mine operating cost is 1.74 US$/t mined after the initial pre-production period. The average cost per ton of ore is 13.72 US$/t treated.

 

Pioneering was estimated based on data from contractors plus an estimate of owner costs during the pioneering period with a total of 39 MUS$.

 

Prestripping is estimated at 157.6 MUS$, this figure includes all the materials movement before the first tonnage of ore is sent to the process plant (not included pioneering activities cost).

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

19.0   Economic Analysis

 

19.1.             Method of Evaluation

 

The overall economic viability of the Pascua Lama Project has been evaluated by conventional discounted cash flow techniques.

 

Discounted cash flow analysis requires that reasoned estimates be prepared for all of the individual elements of cash revenue and cash expenditures that will be associated with initial development and construction of the Project, as well as with its ongoing operation up to the end of the projected life. The relevant estimates of production, revenue and cost, including royalties and taxes are summarized in Table 19-1 (all information contained in Table 19-1 are as at December 31, 2010 and do not reflect current expected pre-production capital, first production timing and cash costs).

 

Table 19-1 : Pascua-Lama Economic Summary

 

 

Ore

 

Waste

 

W/O

 

Au

 

Ag

 

Cu

(M tonnes)

 

(M tonnes)

 

ratio

 

(g/t)

 

(g/t)

 

(%)

384,365

 

1,022,901

 

2.66

 

1.44

 

53.89

 

0.127

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Metal Balance

 

Contained

 

Recovery

 

Recovered

 

Payable %

 

Payable

Gold (ounces)

 

17,833,633

 

86.0%

 

15,336,280

 

99.20%

 

15,212,879

Silver (ounces)

 

665,959,812

 

81.0%

 

539,409,741

 

98.79%

 

532,890,186

Copper (pounds)

 

 

328,425,981

 

82.2%

 

269,960,310

 

91.67%

 

247,463,617

LOM Mine Life

 

 

 

Mining = 21 years

 

 

 

Processing = 23 years

Average Annual Production

 

1st 5 yrs

 

1st 10 yrs

 

LOM

 

LOM Total

Gold Recovered (oz x1000)

 

780.8

 

728.5

 

648.7

 

15,336.3

Silver Recovered (oz x 1000)

 

 

36,126

 

30,601

 

22,815

 

539,410

Capital Costs  (US$ x 1000)

 

 

 

 

Metal Prices

 

 

FX

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

No variance

 

Initial

 

3,000,005

 

 

 

 

Long Term

 

 

Argentina

No Escalation

 

Expansion

 

Incl

 

 

Gold  $/oz

 

1300

 

 

4.39

No Start-Up

 

Sustaining

 

473,914

 

 

Silver  $/oz

 

21.42

 

 

Chile

 

 

Total

 

 

3,473,918

 

 

Copper  $/lb

 

3.50

 

 

468.39

Operating Costs

 

$/t Mined

 

 

 

$/t Ore

 

$/oz Au

 

LOM (US$1000)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mining Pre-IFRS

 

$1.81

 

 

 

$6.63

 

$167.49

 

2,547,976

IFRS Adjustment

 

-$0.30

 

 

 

-$1.11

 

-$28.05

 

-426,761

 

 

Processing

 

$13.62

 

$344.22

 

5,236,630

 

 

G&A Pre-IFRS

 

$3.25

 

$81.99

 

1,247,338

 

 

G&A IFRS Adjustment

 

-$0.18

 

-$4.52

 

-68,702

 

 

Total (Includes IFRS Adjustment)

 

 

$22.21

 

$561.14

 

8,536,480

Cash Costs ($/Oz Gold)

 

 

 

1st 5 yrs

 

1st 10 yrs

 

LOM

 

 

(ex Silver Wheaton)

 

 

 

 

-$342.17

 

-$229.14

 

-$60.96

 

IFRS

Economic Metrics

 

 

 

 

 

Silver Wheaton Included

 

 

 

Payback

After Tax, %100% Project

 

Cash Flow

 

NPV 5.0%

 

NPV 8.0%

 

IRR

 

 

From Start-Up

 

 

US$1000

 

US$1000

 

US$1000

 

%

 

 

3.5 years

From Jan 2009+2008

 

12,914,652

 

5,682,224

 

3,490,672

 

21.6%

 

 

 

From Jan 2011

 

13,996,510

 

7,355,462

 

5,167,700

 

35.5%

 

 

 

 

[Asset Model:  PL-45j-6b1 Stock+Inv rev + Nov29 prices + $175M Capex + Boca Mina fix + FX 500 all Opex (2).xlsx]

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

The evaluation summarized in Table 19-1 is done on an after-tax basis.  The cash flow calculations include income taxes, mining taxes, mining royalties payable to governments, and mining royalties payable to third parties (Argentina: Income Tax, Domestic Bank Transaction Tax, Personal Asset Tax, Cross Border Tax, Boca Mina Royalty, Export Duties, Withholding tax on interest, Value Added Tax; Chile: Income tax (Tier 1), Specific Mining Tax, Withholding tax on interest, Value Added Tax, 3rd Party Royalties on Gold, 3rd Party Royalties on Copper).

 

The operational phase of the Project is scheduled as follows:

 

·                Three lines at 15,000 t/d per line and therefore 45,000 t/d

 

·                For years 1 and 2, treating exclusively non-refractory ore.

 

·                First production is expected in the first half of 2013.The flotation circuit will be ready to treat refractory ore starting in 2015. The plant will continue to treat ore until 2036.

 

All cash flow projections in Table 19-1 have been based on the assumption that Pascua Lama Project will be financed entirely by equity. No provision is made for debt financing in the basic economic analysis.

 

19.2.             Capital Expenditures

 

As of the date of this Technical Report, pre-production capital has been estimated at $3.3 - $3.6 billion.

 

Reclamation costs of $113.4 million have been projected with spending assumed to occur during the last two years of operation. Estimated reclamation cost ($ millions are shows in Table 19-2:

 

Table 19-2 : Reclamation Cost (US$ millions)

 

Year

 

US$

2036

 

56.7

2037

 

56.7

Total

 

113.4

 

 

19.3.             Production Schedule

 

First production from the Pascua Lama Project is expected in the first half of 2013 with average annual gold production expected to be 750,000 – 800,000 ounces in the first full five years of production.  The Project will generate the majority of its economic value from gold and silver leached or floated from the ore. In gross terms overall average recoveries for gold and silver will average 86% and 82%

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

respectively though recoveries for specific ore types will deviate substantially. Leach solutions will be recovered on site and processed to produce dore bars with further refining occurring at an off-site refinery. Flotation concentrate will also be produced on site and sold to a smelter for ultimate recovery of the contained metal.

 

 

 

Table 19-3 : Metal Production by Country of Origin

 

 

 

Argentina

 

Chile

 

Total

 

Argentina
%

 

Chile
%

Contained Gold (k oz)

 

3,138

 

14,703

 

17,841

 

18%

 

82%

Contained Silver (k oz)

 

236,934

 

434,226

 

671,160

 

35%

 

65%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recovered Gold (k oz)

 

2,697

 

12,639

 

15,336

 

18%

 

82%

Recovered Silver (k oz)

 

192,029

 

347,380

 

539,410

 

36%

 

64%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Overall Recovery Gold (%)

 

 

 

 

 

86%

 

 

 

 

Overall Recovery Silver (%)

 

 

 

 

 

81%

 

 

 

 

 

Table 19-4 : Metal Production by Product

 

 

 

Dore

 

Concentrate

 

Total

 

Dore
%

 

Concentrate
%

Recovered Gold (k oz)

 

12,158

 

3,178

 

15,336

 

79%

 

21%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recovered Silver (k oz)

 

421,669

 

117,741

 

539,410

 

78%

 

22%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Recovered Copper (kt)

 

 

 

122.4

 

122.4

 

0%

 

100%

 

 

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

20.0          Date and Signature Page

 

Signed and sealed by:

 

(signed) Sergio Peñailillo Burgos

 

 

Sergio Peñailillo Burgos, Mining Eng., AUSIMMN # 227312

Mine Manager, Pascua-Lama Project, Barrick Gold Corporation (South America)

On 31 March 2011

Effective date of report 31 March 2011

 

 

Signed and sealed by:

 

(signed) Benjamin Sanfurgo

 

 

Benjamin Sanfurgo, Ausimm Member # 227322

Superintendent Resources and Reserves, Barrick Gold Corporation

On 31 March 2011

Effective date of report 31 March 2011

 

 

Signed and sealed by:

 

(signed) Ray Walton

 

 

Ray Walton, B.Tech (Hons.), P.Eng.

Senior Director, Process Design, Barrick Gold Corporation

On 31 March 2011

Effective date of report 31 March 2011

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

21.0  Qualified Persons’ Certificates

 

Sergio Peñailillo Burgos

 

I, Sergio Peñailillo Burgos, Mining Eng., AUSIMMN # 227312, as an author of this report entitled “Pascua-Lama Gold Project, Technical Report,” dated 31 March, 2011, prepared for Barrick Gold Corporation, do hereby certify that:

 

1.

I am the Mine Manager of the Pascua-Lama Project of Barrick Gold Corporation with offices located at Avenida Ricardo Lyon 222, Piso 8, Santiago, Chile.

2.

This certificate applies to the technical report “Pascua Lama Project, Technical Report”, dated 31 March, 2011 (the “Technical Report”).

3.

I have a Bachelors Degree from University of Santiago in Santiago, Chile.  I am a member of AusImm # 227312 of the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy.  I have 27 years of experience in the Chilean mining industry covering operations in South America.

4.

I am familiar with National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) and by reason of education, experience and professional registration I fulfill the requirements of a “qualified person” as defined in NI 43-101.

5.

I have visited the Pascua-Lama project frequently during the past year.  Most recently, I visited the project in February 2011 for one day and again March 2001 for 1 day.

6.

I am responsible for preparing Sections 1.0 to 6.0, 18.0 and 19.0, as well as the Executive Summary, of the Technical Report.

7.

I have read NI 43-101 and the Technical Report has been prepared in compliance with NI 43-101.

8.

As of the date of this certificate, to the best of my knowledge, information and belief, the Technical Report contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the Technical Report not misleading.

 

Dated this 31st day of March 2011.

 

            (signed) Sergio Peñailillo Burgos

Sergio Peñailillo Burgos, Mining Eng., AUSIMMN # 227312

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

138



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

Benjamin Sanfurgo Cid

 

I, Benjamin Sanfurgo, Ausimm Member # 227322, as an author of this report entitled “Pascua-Lama Gold Project, Technical Report,” dated 31 March, 2011, prepared for Barrick Gold Corporation, do hereby certify that:

 

1.

I am Superintendent Resources and Reserves of Barrick Gold Corporation with offices located at Avenida Lyon 222, Piso 8, Santiago, Chile.

 

 

2.

This certificate applies to the technical report “Pascua Lama Project, Technical Report”, dated 31 March, 2011 (the “Technical Report”).

 

 

3.

I am an AusImm member # 227322  and Personas Competentes en Recursos y Reservas Mineras # 68 (Comisión Minera, Chile).  I have recently participated in the review of the quality assurance/quality control procedures, geological model and resource estimation for each of the following mines and projects of Barrick Gold Corporation: Lagunas Norte, Pierina, Veladero, Zaldivar and Cerro Casale.

 

 

4.

I am familiar with National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) and by reason of education, experience and professional registration I fulfill the requirements of a “qualified person” as defined in NI 43-101.

 

 

5.

I visited the Pascua-Lama offices on January 26, 2011 for 1 day.

 

 

6.

I am responsible for preparing Sections 7.0 Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing through Section 17.0 Additional Requirements for Technical Reports on Developments Properties and Production Properties, excluding Section 16.0 Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing, of the Technical Report.

 

 

7.

I have read NI 43-101 and the Technical Report has been prepared in compliance with NI 43-101.

 

 

8.

As of the date of this certificate, to the best of my knowledge, information and belief, the Technical Report contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the Technical Report not misleading.

 

Dated this 31st day of March 2011.

 

            (signed) Benjamin Sanfurgo

Benjamin Sanfurgo, Ausimm # 227322

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

139



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

 

Raymond Henry Walton

 

I, Ray Walton, B.Tech.,(Hons.) P.Eng., as an author of this report entitled “Technical Report, Pascua-Lama Project” dated 31 March, 2011, prepared for Barrick Gold Corporation, do hereby certify that:

 

1.

I am Senior Director, Process Design of Barrick Gold Corporation located at Brookfield Place, TD Canada Trust Tower, Suite 3700, 161 Bay Street, Toronto, ON, M5J 2S1, Canada.

 

 

2.

This certificate applies to the technical report “Technical Report, Pascua-Lama Project”, dated 31 March, 2011 (the “Technical Report”).

 

 

3.

I have a Bachelors Degree from Brunel University in Middlesex England, and am registered as a professional Engineer in the province of Ontario.  I am also a member of the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum.  I have 34 years experience in the Mining and Metallurgical field covering operations in South Africa, and design and development in North and South America, Africa and Europe.

 

 

4.

I am familiar with National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects (“NI 43-101”) and by reason of education, experience and professional registration I fulfill the requirements of a “qualified person” as defined in NI 43-101.

 

 

5.

I visited the Pascua-Lama Project on a number of occasions.  Most recently, I visited the project in November 2009 for 1 day and January 2011 for 1 day.

 

 

6.

I am responsible for preparing Section 16.0 Mineral Processing and Metallurgical Testing of this report.

 

 

7.

I have had ongoing involvement with the Pascua project.  While with SNC-Lavalin, I completed a review of the metallurgical process in 1998.  Later I was seconded to Hatch  for design of the dry grinding plant option in 2001/2002.  Since joining Barrick in 2007 I have had a corporate oversight role.

 

 

8.

I have read NI 43-101 and the Technical Report has been prepared in compliance with NI 43-101.

 

 

9.

As of the date of this certificate, to the best of my knowledge, information and belief, the Technical Report contains all scientific and technical information that is required to be disclosed to make the Technical Report not misleading.

 

Dated this 31st day of March 2011.

 

            (signed) Ray Walton

Ray Walton B.Tech (Hons.), P.Eng.,

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

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Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

Appendix A

 

Pascua- Lama Mining Concession

 

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

141



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

A                                   Chile

 

A.1.                    Exploitation

 

Table A-1: Exploitation CMNL Mining Concession – Chile Site inside the protocol area.

 

 

 

Name

 

 

Mining
Rol

 

 

Registration
Date

 

 

Staking
Date

 

 

Surface
m
2

 

 

Inscription
Number

 

 

Status

1

 

 

ESTRECHO 45 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0478-7

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

12-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 120 Vta. No. 24

 

 

Enacted

2

 

 

ESTRECHO 44 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0477-9

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

11-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 113 Vta. No. 23

 

 

Enacted

3

 

 

ESTRECHO 43 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0476-0

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

10-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 106 No. 22

 

 

Enacted

4

 

 

ESTRECHO 42 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0475-2

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

09-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 99 No. 21

 

 

Enacted

5

 

 

ESTRECHO 41 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0474-4

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

08-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 92 No. 20

 

 

Enacted

6

 

 

ESTRECHO 40 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0473-6

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

06-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 426 No. 78

 

 

Enacted

7

 

 

ESTRECHO 39 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0472-8

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

05-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 229 Vta. No. 41

 

 

Enacted

8

 

 

ESTRECHO 38 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0471-K

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

05-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 441 Vta. No. 81

 

 

Enacted

9

 

 

ESTRECHO 37 1 AL 15

 

 

03304-0470-1

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

04-03-1999

 

 

150,00

 

 

Fs. 437 No. 80

 

 

Enacted

10

 

 

ESTRECHO 35 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0468-K

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

03-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 191 No. 34

 

 

Enacted

11

 

 

ESTRECHO 34 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0467-1

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

03-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 431 Vta. No. 79

 

 

Enacted

12

 

 

ESTRECHO 33 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0466-3

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

02-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 420 Vta. No. 77

 

 

Enacted

13

 

 

ESTRECHO 32 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0465-5

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

02-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 413 Vta. No. 76

 

 

Enacted

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

142



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

14

 

 

ESTRECHO 31 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0464-7

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

01-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 447 No. 81-A

 

 

Enacted

15

 

 

ESTRECHO 30 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0463-9

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

08-03-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 390 Vta. No. 72

 

 

Enacted

16

 

 

CLARIN XXXIV 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0344-6

 

 

12-01-1995

 

 

23-01-1996

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 432 Vta. No. 104

 

 

Enacted

17

 

 

ESTRECHO 13 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0447-7

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

07-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 149 No. 26

 

 

Enacted

18

 

 

ESTRECHO 12 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0446-9

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

07-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 125 No. 22

 

 

Enacted

19

 

 

ESTRECHO 11 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0445-0

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

07-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 119 No. 21

 

 

Enacted

20

 

 

ESTRECHO 10 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0444-2

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

07-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 113 No. 20

 

 

Enacted

21

 

 

ESTRECHO 9 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0443-4

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

07-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 107 No. 19

 

 

Enacted

22

 

 

ESTRECHO 8 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0442-6

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

07-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 101 No. 18

 

 

Enacted

23

 

 

ESTRECHO 7 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0441-8

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

09-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 218 Vta. No. 39

 

 

Enacted

24

 

 

ESTRECHO 25 1 AL 10

 

 

03304-0458-2

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

12-04-1999

 

 

100,00

 

 

Fs. 176 No. 31

 

 

Enacted

25

 

 

CLARIN XXV 1 AL 20

 

 

03304-0343-8

 

 

12-01-1995

 

 

23-01-1996

 

 

200,00

 

 

Fs. 445 No. 106

 

 

Enacted

26

 

 

ESTRECHO 29 1 AL 20

 

 

03304-0462-0

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

12-04-1999

 

 

200,00

 

 

Fs. 186 No. 33

 

 

Enacted

27

 

 

ESTRECHO 28 1 AL 20

 

 

03304-0461-2

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

12-04-1999

 

 

200,00

 

 

Fs. 143 No. 25

 

 

Enacted

28

 

 

ESTRECHO 27 1 AL 20

 

 

03304-0460-4

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

12-04-1999

 

 

200,00

 

 

Fs. 137 No. 24

 

 

Enacted

29

 

 

ESTRECHO 26 1 AL 20

 

 

03304-0459-0

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

01-04-1999

 

 

200,00

 

 

Fs. 181 No. 32

 

 

Enacted

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

143



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

30

 

 

AGUA 1 AL 20

 

 

03304-0479-5

 

 

22-05-1998

 

 

07-04-1999

 

 

200,00

 

 

Fs. 91 No. 16

 

 

Enacted

31

 

 

FALDA 1 AL 20

 

 

03304-0480-9

 

 

22-05-1998

 

 

09-04-1999

 

 

200,00

 

 

Fs. 235 No. 42

 

 

Enacted

32

 

 

ESTRECHO 19 1 AL 20

 

 

03304-0452-3

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

09-04-1999

 

 

200,00

 

 

Fs. 171 No. 30

 

 

Enacted

33

 

 

ESTRECHO 24 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0457-4

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

09-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 86 Vta. No. 19

 

 

Enacted

34

 

 

ESTRECHO 23 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0456-6

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

01-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 81 No. 18

 

 

Enacted

35

 

 

ESTRECHO 22 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0455-8

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

01-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 76 No. 17

 

 

Enacted

36

 

 

ESTRECHO 21 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0454-K

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

01-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 71 No. 16

 

 

Enacted

37

 

 

ESTRECHO 20 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0453-1

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

09-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 66 No. 15

 

 

Enacted

38

 

 

ESTRECHO 17 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0451-5

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

09-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 165 Vta. No. 29

 

 

Enacted

39

 

 

ESTRECHO 16 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0450-7

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

09-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 160 No. 28

 

 

Enacted

40

 

 

ESTRECHO 15 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0449-3

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

12-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 154 Vta. No. 27

 

 

Enacted

41

 

 

ESTRECHO 14 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0448-5

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

01-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 131 No. 23

 

 

Enacted

42

 

 

ESTRECHO 5 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0440-K

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

05-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 95 Vta. No. 17

 

 

Enacted

43

 

 

ESTRECHO 4 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0439-6

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

05-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 213 No. 38

 

 

Enacted

44

 

 

ESTRECHO 3 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0438-8

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

05-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 207 Vta. No. 37

 

 

Enacted

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

144



 

Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

45

 

 

ESTRECHO 2 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0437-K

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

05-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 202 No. 36

 

 

Enacted

46

 

 

ESTRECHO 1 1 AL 30

 

 

03304-0436-1

 

 

14-05-1998

 

 

05-04-1999

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 196 Vta. No. 35

 

 

Enacted

47

 

 

CHOLLAY 16 1 AL 50

 

 

03304-0419-1

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

27-03-1998

 

 

250,00

 

 

Fs. 591 Vta. No. 103

 

 

Enacted

48

 

 

CHOLLAY 14 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0417-5

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

27-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 515 No. 114

 

 

Enacted

49

 

 

CHOLLAY 13 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0416-7

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

17-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 578 No. 101

 

 

Enacted

50

 

 

CHOLLAY 10 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0413-2

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

25-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 498 Vta. No. 111

 

 

Enacted

51

 

 

CHOLLAY 9 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0412-4

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

25-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 493 No. 110

 

 

Enacted

52

 

 

CHOLLAY 8 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0411-6

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

15-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 571 Vta. No. 100

 

 

Enacted

53

 

 

CHOLLAY 7 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0410-8

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

15-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 565 No. 99

 

 

Enacted

54

 

 

CHOLLAY 6 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0409-4

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

15-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 487 Vta. No. 109

 

 

Enacted

55

 

 

CHOLLAY 5 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0408-6

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

05-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 482 No. 108

 

 

Enacted

56

 

 

CHOLLAY 4 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0407-8

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

08-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 476 Vta. No. 107

 

 

Enacted

57

 

 

CHOLLAY 3 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0406-K

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

05-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 471 No. 106

 

 

Enacted

58

 

 

CHOLLAY 2 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0405-1

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

05-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 465 Vta. No. 105

 

 

Enacted

59

 

 

CHOLLAY 1 1 AL 60

 

 

03304-0404-3

 

 

04-04-1997

 

 

05-03-1998

 

 

300,00

 

 

Fs. 459 Vta. No. 104

 

 

Enacted

 

Barrick Gold Corporation

145



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

60

CHOLLAY 12 1 AL 60

03304-0415-9

04-04-1997

25-03-1998

300,00

Fs. 509 Vta. No. 113

Enacted

61

CHOLLAY 11 1 AL 60

03304-0414-0

04-04-1997

17-03-1998

300,00

Fs. 504 No. 112

Enacted

62

TURBIO 67 AL 77

03304-0091-0

10-03-1988

12-05-1989

35,00

Fs. 94 Vta. No. 65

Enacted

63

TURBIO 47 AL 56

03304-0090-0

10-03-1988

11-05-1989

30,00

Fs. 225 No. 103

Enacted

64

TURBIO 31 AL 39

03304-0089-0

10-03-1988

10-05-1989

31,00

Fs. 75 Vta. No. 61

Enacted

65

TURBIO 1 AL 17

03304-0087-0

10-03-1988

29-05-1989

80,00

Fs. 85 No. 63

Enacted

66

TREBOL 1

03304-0017-K

23-02-1982

01-12-1982

4,00

Fs. 37 Vta. No. 15

Enacted

67

REAL 1 AL 21

03304-0217-2

21-03-1990

18-04-1991

150,00

Fs. 44 Vta. No. 20

Enacted

68

PICTON 1 AL 10

03304-0215-6

21-03-1990

19-04-1991

100,00

Fs. 103 Vta. No. 30

Enacted

69

LUCER0 1

03304-0123-0

16-03-1989

20-02-1990

1,00

Fs. 39 No. 13

Enacted

70

LOS AMARILLOS 1 AL 3000

03301-1153-4

18-12-1975

24-01-1977

3690,00

Fs. 343 No. 12

Enacted

71

LOA 1 AL 2

03304-0124-9

14-03-1989

21-02-1990

2,00

Fs. 46 No. 15

Enacted

72

LIMA 1 AL 2

03304-0125-7

14-03-1989

22-02-1990

7,00

Fs. 42 No. 14

Enacted

73

IRIS 1

03304-0257-1

17-09-1991

17-07-1992

1,00

Fs. 388 No. 142

Enacted

74

DIAMANTE 1 AL 2

03304-0015-3

23-02-1982

01-12-1982

10,00

Fs. 43 Vta. No. 16

Enacted

75

DALILA 1 AL 8

03304-0131-1

18-05-1989

05-04-1990

22,00

Fs. 61 No. 23

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

146

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

76

CORAZON 1

03304-0016-1

23-02-1982

01-12-1982

4,00

Fs. 57 No. 19

Enacted

77

CONAY 1 AL 181

03301-1628-5

21-03-1979

28-01-1980

840,00

Fs. 95 Vta. No. 22

Enacted

78

BLANCA 1 AL 10

03301-1685-4

25-06-1979

16-07-1980

50,00

Fs. 90 Vta. No. 17

Enacted

79

CHOLLAY PRIMERA 1 A CHOLLAY PRIMERA 40

03304-0508-2

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

200,00

Fs. 22 Vta. No. 8

Enacted

80

CHOLLAY SEGUNDA 1 A CHOLLAY SEGUNDA 60

03304-0509-0

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

300,00

Fs. 28 Vta. No. 09

Enacted

81

CHOLLAY TERCERA 1 A CHOLLAY TERCERA 60

03304-0510-4

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

300,00

Fs. 35 Vta. No. 10

Enacted

82

CHOLLAY CUARTA 1 CHOLLAY CUARTA 40

03304-0511-2

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

200,00

Fs. 42 No. 11

Enacted

83

CHOLLAY QUINTA 1 A CHOLLAY QUINTA 40

03304-0512-0

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

200,00

Fs. 48 No. 12

Enacted

84

CHOLLAY SEXTA 1 A CHOLLAY SEXTA 40

03304-0513-9

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

200,00

Fs. 54 No. 13

Enacted

85

CHOLLAY SEPTIMA 1 A CHOLLAY SEPTIMA 60

03304-0514-7

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

300,00

 

In Process

86

CHOLLAY OCTAVO 1 A CHOLLAY OCTAVO 40

03304-0515-5

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

200,00

 

In Process

87

CHOLLAY NOVENO 1 A CHOLLAY NOVENO 40

03304-0516-3

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

200,00

Fs. 60 No. 14

Enacted

88

CHOLLAY UNDECIMO 1 A CHOLLAY UNDECIMO 20

03304-0518-K

15-10-1998

20-12-1999

100,00

Fs. 515 No. 117

Enacted

89

TORITO TRES 1 AL 30

03304-0422-1

30-05-1997

25-03-1998

300,00

Fs. 22 Vta. No. 6

Enacted

90

TORITO DOS 1 AL 30

03304-0426-4

02-07-1997

27-03-1998

300,00

Fs. 322 Vta. No. 60

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

147

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

91

TORITO UNO 1 AL 30

03304-0425-6

02-07-1997

27-03-1998

300,00

Fs. 316 No. 58

Enacted

92

TORITO CUATRO 1 AL 30

03304-0423-K

30-05-1997

25-03-1998

300,00

Fs. 557 Vta. No. 98

Enacted

93

TORITO CINCO 1 AL 30

03304-0424-8

30-05-1997

25-03-1998

300,00

Fs. 28 Vta. No. 7

Enacted

94

TORO 1 AL 24

03304-0341-1

12-01-1995

23-01-1996

240,00

Fs. 451 No. 107

Enacted

95

TORO 25 AL 48

03304-0342-K

12-01-1995

23-01-1996

240,00

Fs. 456 Vta. No. 108

Enacted

96

TORITO SEIS 1 AL 60

03304-0428-0

14-08-1997

03-05-1998

300,00

Fs. 654 Vta. No. 114

Enacted

97

TORITO SIETE 1 AL 60

03304-0429-9

14-08-1997

04-05-1998

300,00

Fs. 625 No. 109

Enacted

98

TORITO OCHO 1 AL 40

03304-0430-2

14-08-1997

05-05-1998

200,00

Fs. 666 Vta. No. 116

Enacted

99

CLARIN DIECISIETE 1 AL 12

03304-0335-7

11-11-1994

30-11-1995

105,00

Fs. 438 Vta. No. 105

Enacted

100

CLARIN QUINCE 1 AL 25

03304-0333-0

11-11-1994

19-11-1995

240,00

Fs. 374 No. 90

Enacted

101

CAMPAMENTO TRES 1 AL 30

03304-0336-5

11-11-1994

14-11-1995

259,00

Fs. 508 Vta. No. 129

Enacted

102

CAMPAMENTO CUATRO 1 AL 28

03304-0337-3

11-11-1994

15-11-1995

231,00

Fs. 492 Vta. No. 127

Enacted

103

PIA 1 AL 3

03304-0358-6

13-04-1996

14-03-1997

12,00

Fs. 147 No. 38

Enacted

104

MARCELA 1 AL 4

03304-0356-K

13-04-1996

14-03-1997

17,00

Fs. 142 No. 37

Enacted

105

CLAUDIA 1 AL 2

03304-0357-8

13-04-1996

14-03-1997

8,00

Fs. 137 Vta. No. 36

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

148

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

106

GUARDIA DOS 1 AL 30

03304-0498-1

30-10-1998

17-12-1999

300,00

Fs. 483 Vta. No. 94

Enacted

107

GUARDIA TRES 1 AL 30

03304-0499-K

30-10-1998

17-12-1999

300,00

Fs. 490 Vta. No. 95

Enacted

108

TESORO TRES 1 AL 30

03304-0534-1

06-08-1999

02-05-2000

300,00

Fs. 346 No. 74

Enacted

109

TESORO CUATRO 1 AL 30

03304-0535-K

06-08-1999

03-05-2000

300,00

Fs. 153 No. 38

Enacted

110

TESORO SEIS 1 AL 20

03304-0537-6

06-08-1999

05-05-2000

200,00

Fs. 351 Vta. No. 75

Enacted

111

TESORO DIEZ 1 AL 20

03304-0541-4

06-08-1999

10-05-2000

200,00

Fs. 178 Vta. No. 43

Enacted

112

TESORO ONCE 1 AL 20

03304-0542-2

06-08-1999

11-05-2000

200,00

Fs. 183 Vta. No. 44

Enacted

113

CABRA XXV 1 AL 20

03304-0544-9

22-09-1999

20-07-2000

200,00

Fs. 197 No. 47

Enacted

114

CABRA XXVI 1 AL 20

03304-0545-7

22-09-1999

20-07-2000

200,00

Fs. 202 Vta. No. 48

Enacted

115

ANSELMO UNO 1 AL 30

03304-0549-K

14-10-1999

19-12-2000

300,00

Fs. 397 Vta. No. 85

Enacted

116

ANSELMO DOS 1 AL 20

03304-0550-3

14-10-1999

19-12-2000

200,00

Fs. 402 Vta. No. 86

Enacted

117

ANSELMO TRES 1 AL 20

03304-0551-1

14-10-1999

20-12-2000

200,00

Fs. 407 Vta. No. 87

Enacted

118

ANSELMO CUATRO 1 AL 30

03304-0552-K

14-10-1999

20-12-2000

300,00

Fs. 413 No. 88

Enacted

119

ANSELMO CINCO 1 AL 30

03304-0553-8

14-10-1999

21-12-2000

300,00

Fs. 418 Vta. No. 89

Enacted

120

ANSELMO SEIS 1 AL 30

03304-0554-6

14-10-1999

21-12-2000

300,00

Fs. 424 No. 90

Enacted

121

ANSELMO SIETE 1 AL 30

03304-0555-4

14-10-1999

22-12-2000

300,00

Fs. 429 Vta. No. 91

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

149

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

122

ANSELMO OCHO 1 AL 30

03304-0556-2

14-10-1999

22-12-2000

300,00

Fs. 435 No. 92

Enacted

123

ANSELMO NUEVE 1 AL 30

03304-0557-0

14-10-1999

23-12-2000

300,00

Fs. 441 No. 93

Enacted

124

ANSELMO DIEZ 1 AL 30

03304-0558-9

14-10-1999

23-12-2000

300,00

Fs. 446 Vta. No. 94

Enacted

125

CABRA XXVII 1 AL 30

03304-0559-K

09-12-1999

15-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 534 Vta. No. 108

Enacted

126

CABRA XXVIII 1 AL 30

03304-0560-0

09-12-1999

17-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 529 Vta. No. 107

Enacted

127

CABRA XXIX 1 AL 20

03304-0561-9

09-12-1999

19-01-2001

200,00

Fs. 524 Vta. No. 106

Enacted

128

GONZALO DIECISEIS 1 AL 30

03304-0585-6

16-02-2000

25-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 258 No. 61

Enacted

129

GONZALO QUINCE 1 AL 30

03304-0584-8

16-02-2000

24-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 252 Vta. No. 60

Enacted

130

GONZALO CATORCE 1 AL 30

03304-0583-K

16-02-2000

23-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 247 No. 59

Enacted

131

GONZALO DIEZ 1 AL 30

03304-0578-3

16-02-2000

22-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 221 Vta. No. 54

Enacted

132

GONZALO NUEVE 1 AL 30

03304-0577-5

16-02-2000

21-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 216 No. 53

Enacted

133

GONZALO OCHO 1 AL 30

03304-0576-7

16-02-2000

20-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 211 No. 52

Enacted

134

GONZALO SIETE 1 AL 30

03304-0575-9

16-02-2000

19-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 205 Vta. No. 51

Enacted

135

GONZALO SEIS 1 AL 30

03304-0574-0

16-02-2000

18-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 200 No. 50

Enacted

136

GONZALO CINCO 1 AL 30

03304-0573-2

16-02-2000

17-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 195 No. 49

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

150

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

137

GONZALO CUATRO 1 AL 30

03304-0572-4

16-02-2000

16-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 190 No. 48

Enacted

138

GONZALO DOS 1 AL 30

03304-0570-8

16-02-2000

15-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 185 No. 47

Enacted

139

GONZALO VEINTISEIS 1 AL 20

03304-0595-3

16-02-2000

27-01-2001

200,00

Fs. 295 Vta. No. 68

Enacted

140

GONZALO ONCE 1 AL 25

03304-0579-1

16-02-2000

15-01-2001

250,00

Fs. 226 Vta. No. 55

Enacted

141

GONZALO VEINTIDOS 1 AL 20

03304-0591-0

16-02-2000

04-02-2001

200,00

Fs. 274 No. 64

Enacted

142

GONZALO VEINTICINCO 1 AL 20

03304-0594-5

16-02-2000

26-01-2001

200,00

Fs. 290 No. 67

Enacted

143

GONZALO VEINTICUATRO 1 AL 20

03304-0593-7

16-02-2000

25-01-2001

200,00

Fs. 284 Vta. No. 66

Enacted

144

GONZALO VEINTITRES 1 AL 20

03304-0592-9

16-02-2000

05-02-2001

200,00

Fs. 279 No. 65

Enacted

145

GONZALO VEINTIUNO 1 AL 20

03304-0590-2

16-02-2000

03-02-2001

200,00

Fs. 268 Vta. No. 63

Enacted

146

GONZALO VEINTE 1 AL 20

03304-0589-9

16-02-2000

02-02-2001

200,00

Fs. 263 Vta. No. 62

Enacted

147

GONZALO UNO 1 AL 30

03304-0569-4

16-02-2000

01-02-2001

300,00

Fs. 315 Vta. No. 84

Enacted

148

GONZALO DIECINUEVE 1 AL 3

03304-0588-0

16-02-2000

31-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 103 Vta. No. 38

Enacted

149

GONZALO DIECIOCHO 1 AL 30

03304-0587-2

16-02-2000

29-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 97 Vta. No. 37

Enacted

150

GONZALO DIECISIETE 1 AL 3

03304-0586-4

16-02-2000

26-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 91 Vta. No. 36

Enacted

151

GONZALO TRES 1 AL 30

03304-0571-6

16-02-2000

24-01-2001

300,00

Fs. 85 Vta. No. 35

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

151

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

152

POTRERILLO OCHO 1 AL 20

03304-0432-9

22-10-1997

08-01-1999

200,00

Fs. 955 No. 176

Enacted

153

POTRERILLO SIETE 1 AL 20

03304-0431-0

22-10-1997

07-01-1999

200,00

Fs. 950 No. 175

Enacted

154

PEPE 1 AL 22

03304-0390-K

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

42,00

Fs. 608 No. 106

Enacted

155

SERGIO 1 AL 13

03304-0392-6

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

23,00

Fs. 619 Vta. No. 108

Enacted

156

OSCAR 1 AL 11

03304-0393-4

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

11,00

Fs. 649 Vta. No. 113

Enacted

157

RAUL 1 AL 17

03304-0394-2

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

29,00

Fs. 529 No. 93

Enacted

158

JAVIER 1 AL 11

03304-0396-9

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

21,00

Fs. 673 No. 117

Enacted

159

FERMIN 1 AL 19

03304-0395-0

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

19,00

Fs. 35 No. 8

Enacted

160

CANARIO 10 1 AL 10

03304-0381-0

23-09-1996

09-12-1997

10,00

Fs. 597 Vta. No. 104

Enacted

161

GASTON 131 AL 136

03304-0402-7

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

6,00

Fs. 631 Vta. No. 110

Enacted

162

ROJAS 1 AL 22

03304-0397-7

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

41,00

Fs. 535 No. 94

Enacted

163

CARLOS 1 AL 18

03304-0398-5

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

33,00

Fs. 661 No. 115

Enacted

164

CHOLLAY 15 1 AL 60

03304-0418-3

04-04-1997

05-03-1998

286,00

Fs. 584 Vta. No. 102

Enacted

165

CHOLLAY 17 1 AL 30

03304-0420-5

04-04-1997

05-03-1998

114,00

Fs. 520 Vta. No. 115

Enacted

166

MARIO 1 AL 36

03304-0391-8

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

67,00

Fs. 613 Vta. No. 107

Enacted

167

GASTON 1 AL 21

03304-0400-0

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

37,00

Fs. 636 Vta. No. 111

Enacted

 

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152

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

168

GASTON 51 AL 56

03304-0401-9

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

6,00

Fs. 603 No. 105

Enacted

169

JOSE 1 AL 53

03304-0399-3

11-03-1997

14-01-1998

100,00

Fs. 642 Vta. No. 112

Enacted

170

NENITA 1 AL 12

03304-0421-3

02-05-1997

05-03-1998

20,00

Fs. 454 Vta. No. 103

Enacted

171

TAGUA TRES 1 AL 25

03304-0496-5

07-08-1998

15-04-1999

94,00

Fs. 456 Vta. No. 83

Enacted

172

TAGUA UNO 1 AL 37

03304-0494-9

07-08-1998

16-04-1999

134,00

Fs. 384 No. 71

Enacted

173

TAGUA DOS 1 AL 44

03304-0495-7

07-08-1998

17-04-1999

162,00

Fs. 451 Vta. No. 82

Enacted

174

BARRIALES UNO 1 AL 20

03304-0525-2

02-06-1999

24-04-2000

60,00

Fs. 479 Vta. No. 101

Enacted

175

CLARIN DIECISEIS 1 AL 15

03304-0334-9

11-11-1994

17-11-1995

144,00

Fs. 242 No. 63

Enacted

176

GUARDIA CINCO 1 AL 15

03304-0500-7

30-10-1998

17-12-1999

150,00

Fs. 497 Vta. No. 96

Enacted

177

GUARDIA SEIS 1 AL 40

03304-0501-5

30-10-1998

17-12-1999

171,00

Fs. 504 No. 97

Enacted

178

GUARDIA SIETE 1 AL 15

03304-0502-3

30-10-1998

17-12-1999

58,00

Fs. 512 No. 98

Enacted

179

GONZALO DOCE 1 AL 10

03304-0580-5

16-02-2000

31-01-2001

100,00

Fs. 232 No. 56

Enacted

180

GONZALO TRECE 1 AL 10

03304-0581-3

16-02-2000

29-01-2001

100,00

Fs. 237 No. 57

Enacted

181

CAMILA 1 AL 40

03304-0596-1

03-03-2000

02-02-2001

144,00

Fs. 99 No. 32

Enacted

182

BARRIALES TRES 1 AL 18

03304-0526-0

02-06-1999

25-04-2000

58,00

Fs. 474 No. 100

Enacted

 

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153

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

183

BARRIALES CINCO 1 AL 18

03304-0527-9

02-06-1999

26-04-2000

48,00

Fs. 468 No. 99

Enacted

184

BARRIALES NUEVE 1 AL 46

03304-0529-5

02-06-1999

27-04-2000

135,00

Fs. 517 Vta. No. 105

Enacted

185

TESORO UNO 1 AL 30

03304-0532-5

06-08-1999

28-04-2000

166,00

Fs. 173 Vta. No. 42

Enacted

186

TESORO DOS 1 AL 12

03304-0533-3

06-08-1999

29-04-2000

90,00

Fs. 148 No. 37

Enacted

187

TESORO CINCO 1 AL 25

03304-0536-8

06-08-1999

04-05-2000

250,00

Fs. 158 No. 39

Enacted

188

TESORO SIETE 1 AL 25

03304-0538-4

06-08-1999

06-05-2000

220,00

Fs. 163 Vta. No. 40

Enacted

189

TESORO OCHO 1 AL 12

03304-0539-2

06-08-1999

08-05-2000

100,00

Fs. 168 Vta. No. 41

Enacted

190

TESORO NUEVE 1 AL 12

03304-0540-6

06-08-1999

09-05-2000

100,00

Fs. 173 Vta. No. 42

Enacted

191

TESORO DOCE 1 AL 5

03304-0543-0

06-08-1999

12-05-2000

50,00

Fs. 188 Vta. No. 45

Enacted

192

HUGO 1 AL 13

03304-0568-6

11-02-2000

21-11-2000

41,00

Fs. 214 Vta. No. 63

Enacted

193

MICHEL OCTAVA 1 A MICHEL

03304-0366-7

30-05-1996

15-08-1997

200,00

Fs. 346 Vta. No. 65

Enacted

194

MICHEL SEPTIMA 1 A MICHEL

03304-0365-9

30-05-1996

15-08-1997

300,00

Fs. 339 Vta. No. 64

Enacted

195

AZUL 1 AL 44

03304-0656-9

07-05-2002

17-03-2003

81,00

Fs. 178 No. 36

Enacted

196

AZUL 271 AL 282

03304-0659-3

07-05-2002

22-03-2003

270,00

Fs. 185 No. 37

Enacted

197

AZUL 73 AL 79

03304-0657-7

07-05-2002

19-03-2003

10,00

Fs. 221 No. 60

Enacted

 

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154

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

198

AZUL 191 AL 200

03304-0658-5

07-05-2002

21-03-2003

23,00

Fs. 199 No. 54

Enacted

199

AZUL 321 AL 332

03304-0660-7

07-05-2002

25-03-2003

24,00

Fs. 228 No. 61

Enacted

200

LAURA 3

03304-0774-3

06-12-2005

17-02-2007

2,00

 

In Process

201

LAURA 2

03304-0773-5

06-12-2005

16-02-2007

2,00

 

In Process

202

LAURA 1

03304-0772-7

06-12-2005

15-02-2007

2,00

 

In Process

203

LAURA 4 AL 6

03304-0775-1

06-12-2005

14-02-2007

8,00

 

In Process

204

ESTRECHO 36 1 AL 30

03304-0469-8

14-05-1998

04-03-1999

300,00

Fs. 224 No. 40

Enacted

205

GONZALO TRECE 11 AL 20

03304-0582-1

16-02-2000

30-01-2001

50,00

Fs. 242 No. 58

Enacted

 

Table A-2: Exploitation CMNL Mining Concession – Chile Site outside the protocol area.

 

Name

Mining
Rol

Registration
Date

Staking
Date

Surface
m2

Inscription
number

ESTADO

1

CHUPALLA TRES 1 AL 30

03304-0219-9

17-09-1987

09-05-1991

300,00

Fs. 91 No. 28

Enacted

2

CHUPALLA SIETE 1 AL 30

03304-0223-7

17-09-1987

14-05-1991

300,00

Fs. 108 Vta. No. 31

Enacted

3

CHUPALLA SEIS 1 AL 30

03304-0222-9

17-09-1987

13-05-1991

300,00

Fs. 119 No. 33

Enacted

4

CHUPALLA ONCE 1 AL 30

03304-0227-K

17-09-1987

04-05-1991

281,00

Fs. 67 No. 24

Enacted

5

CHUPALLA OCHO 1 AL 30

03304-0224-5

17-09-1987

11-05-1991

300,00

Fs. 130 Vta. No. 35

Enacted

6

CHUPALLA NUEVE 1 AL 30

03304-0225-3

17-09-1987

10-05-1991

300,00

Fs. 125 No. 34

Enacted

7

CHUPALLA DOS 1 AL 30

03304-0218-0

17-09-1987

12-05-1991

300,00

Fs. 51 Vta. No. 21

Enacted

8

CHUPALLA DIEZ 1 AL 29

03304-0226-1

17-09-1987

03-05-1991

276,00

Fs. 61 No. 23

Enacted

9

CHUPALLA CUATRO 1 AL 30

03304-0220-2

17-09-1987

08-05-1991

300,00

Fs. 39 No. 19

Enacted

 

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  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

10

CHUPALLA CINCO 1 AL 29

03304-0221-0

17-09-1987

05-05-1991

279,00

Fs. 114 No. 32

Enacted

11

CHIVATO 1 AL 18

03304-0216-4

21-03-1990

02-05-1991

62,00

Fs. 97 No. 29

Enacted

12

AZUL 386 AL 394

03304-0661-5

07-05-2002

27-03-2003

200,00

Fs. 235 No. 62

Enacted

13

AZUL 431 AL 437

03304-0662-3

07-05-2002

29-03-2003

19,00

Fs. 206 No. 55

Enacted

14

POTRERO 53 1 AL 30

 

25-07-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

15

SAPITO UNO 1 AL 20

 

05-09-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

16

SAPITO DOS 1 AL 20

 

05-09-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

17

SAPITO TRES 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

18

SAPITO CUATRO 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

19

SAPITO CINCO 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

20

SAPITO SEIS 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

21

SAPITO SIETE 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

22

SAPITO OCHO 1 AL 20

 

05-09-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

23

SAPITO NUEVE 1 AL 20

 

05-09-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

24

POTRERO 54 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

25

POTRERO 55 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

26

AVALOS UNO 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

 

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  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

27

AVALOS DOS 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

28

AVALOS TRES 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

29

RIO 44 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

30

RIO 45 1 AL 30

 

05-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

31

RIO 46 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

32

RIO 47 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

33

RIO 48 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

34

RIO 40 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

35

RIO 50 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

36

RIO 51 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

37

RIO 52 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

38

RIO 53 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

39

RIO 54 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

40

RIO 55 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

41

RIO 56 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

 

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  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

42

RIO 57 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

43

RIO 58 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

44

RIO 59 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

45

RIO 60 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

46

RIO 61 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

47

RIO 62 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

48

RIO 63 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

49

RIO 64 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

50

RIO 65 1 AL 30

 

11-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

51

RIO 66 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

52

RIO 67 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

53

RIO 68 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

54

RIO 69 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

55

RIO 70 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

56

POTRERILLO 5 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

 

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158

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

57

POTRERILLO 11 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

58

POTRERILLO 12 1 AL 20

 

21-09-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

59

POTRERILLO 13 1 AL 20

 

21-09-2007

 

100,00

 

In Process

60

RIO 71 1 AL 20

 

21-09-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

61

RIO 72 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

62

RIO 73 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

63

RIO 74 1 AL 20

 

21-09-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

64

RIO 75 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

65

SAPITO DIEZ 1 AL 20

 

05-09-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

66

POTRERILLO 62 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

67

POTRERILLO 56 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

68

POTRERILLO 57 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

69

POTRERILLO 58 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

70

POTRERILLO 59 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

71

POTRERILLO 60 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

72

POTRERILLO 61 1 AL 30

 

21-09-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

159

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

73

CONEJA 1 AL 30

 

02-10-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

74

CONEJA 31 AL 50

 

02-10-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

75

CONEJA 51 AL 80

 

02-10-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

76

CONEJA 81 AL 110

 

02-10-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

77

CONEJA 111 AL 140

 

02-10-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

78

CONEJA 141 AL 170

 

02-10-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

79

CONEJA 171 AL 190

 

02-10-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

80

CONEJA 191 AL 220

 

02-10-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

81

APOLO 1 AL 30

 

02-10-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

82

APOLO 31 50

 

02-10-2007

 

200,00

 

In Process

83

APOLO 51 AL 80

 

02-10-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

84

APOLO 81 AL 110

 

02-10-2007

 

300,00

 

In Process

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

160

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

A.2.                     Exploration

 

Table A-3: Exploration CMNL Mining Concession – Chile Site inside the protocol area.

 

Name

Mining rol

Registration
date

Surface
m2

Inscription
number

Status

1

CORRAL XXII

 

20-07-2007

200

 

In Progress

2

CORRAL XXIII

 

20-07-2007

200

 

In Progress

3

CORRAL XXIV

 

20-07-2007

300

 

In Progress

4

SOBERADO 1

03304-3401-5

09-11-2005

300

Fs. 1229 No. 956

Enacted

5

SOBERADO 2

03304-3400-7

09-11-2005

200

Fs. 1231 No. 957

Enacted

6

SOBERADO 3

03304-3402-3

09-11-2005

200

Fs. 1233 No. 958

Enacted

7

SOBERADO 4

03304-3403-1

09-11-2005

100

Fs. 1235 No. 959

Enacted

8

SOBERADO 5

03304-3475-9

31-03-2006

200

Fs. 1963 No. 1569

Enacted

9

SOBERADO 6

03304-3476-7

31-03-2006

200

Fs. 1965 No. 1570

Enacted

10

SOBERADO 7

03304-3477-5

31-03-2006

200

Fs. 1967 No. 1571

Enacted

11

SOBERADO 8

03304-3478-3

31-03-2006

200

Fs. 1969 No. 1572

Enacted

12

SOBERADO 9

03304-3479-1

31-03-2006

200

Fs. 1971 No. 1573

Enacted

13

SOBERADO 10

03304-3480-5

31-03-2006

200

Fs. 1973 No. 1574

Enacted

14

SOBERADO 11

03304-3481-3

31-03-2006

200

Fs. 1975 No. 1575

Enacted

15

SOBERADO 12

03304-3482-1

31-03-2006

200

Fs. 1977 No. 1576

Enacted

16

SOBERADO 13

03304-3483-K

31-03-2006

200

Fs. 1979 No. 1577

Enacted

17

SOBERADO 15

03304-3485-6

31-03-2006

100

Fs. 1983 No. 1579

Enacted

18

SOBERADO 16

03304-3486-4

31-03-2006

100

Fs. 1985 No. 1580

Enacted

19

SOBERADO 17

03304-3487-2

31-03-2006

100

Fs. 1987 No. 1581

Enacted

20

SOBERADO 18

03304-3488-0

31-03-2006

100

Fs. 1989 No. 1582

Enacted

21

SOBERADO 19

03304-3489-9

31-03-2006

100

Fs. 1991 No. 1583

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

161

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

22

SOBERADO 20

03304-3490-2

31-03-2006

100

Fs. 1993 No. 1584

Enacted

23

SOBERADO 21

03304-3491-0

31-03-2006

100

Fs. 1995 No. 1585

Enacted

24

SOBERADO 22

03304-3492-9

31-03-2006

300

Fs. 1997 No. 1586

Enacted

25

GUANACO 1

03304-3635-2

24-11-2006

200

 

Enacted

26

GUANACO 2

03304-3636-0

24-11-2006

200

 

Enacted

27

GUANACO 3

03304-3637-9

24-11-2006

200

 

Enacted

28

GUANACO 4

03304-3638-7

24-11-2006

200

 

Enacted

29

CORRAL 25

03304-3399-K

25-11-2001

200

Fs. 1170 Vta. No. 892

Enacted

 

Table A-4: Exploration CMNL Mining Concession – Chile Site outside the protocol area.

 

Name

Mining rol

Registration
date

Surface
m2

Inscription
number

Status

1

PINTE 1

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

2

PINTE 2

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

3

PINTE 3

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

4

PINTE 4

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

5

PINTE 5

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

6

PINTE 6

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

7

PINTE 7

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

8

PINTE 8

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

9

PINTE 9

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

10

PINTE 10

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

11

PINTE 11

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

12

PINTE 12

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

162

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

13

PINTE 13

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

14

PINTE 14

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

15

TATUL 23

03304-3307-8

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 771 No. 571

Enacted

16

TATUL 24

03304-3308-6

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 773 No. 572

Enacted

17

TATUL 25

03304-3309-4

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 775 No. 573

Enacted

18

TATUL 26

03304-3310-8

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 777 No. 574

Enacted

19

TATUL 27

03304-3311-6

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 779 No. 575

Enacted

20

TATUL 28

03304-3312-4

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 781 No. 576

Enacted

21

TATUL 29

03304-3313-2

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 783 No. 577

Enacted

22

TATUL 30

03304-3314-0

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 785 No. 578

Enacted

23

TATUL 31

03304-3315-9

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 787 No. 579

Enacted

24

TATUL 32

03304-3316-7

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 789 No. 580

Enacted

25

TATUL 33

03304-3317-5

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 791 No. 581

Enacted

26

TATUL 34

03304-3318-3

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 793 No. 582

Enacted

27

TATUL 35

03304-3319-1

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 795 No. 583

Enacted

28

TATUL 36

03304-3320-5

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 797 No. 584

Enacted

29

PINTE 15

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

30

PINTE 16

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

31

PINTE 17

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

32

PINTE 18

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

33

PINTE 19

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

34

PINTE 20

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

35

PINTE 21

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

163

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

36

PINTE 22

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

37

TATUL 37

03304-3321-3

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 799 No. 585

Enacted

38

TATUL 38

03304-3322-1

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 801 No. 586

Enacted

39

TATUL 39

03304-3323-K

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 803 No. 587

Enacted

40

TATUL 40

03304-3324-8

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 805 No. 588

Enacted

41

TATUL 41

03304-3325-6

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 807 No. 589

Enacted

42

TATUL 42

03304-3326-4

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 809 No. 590

Enacted

43

TATUL 43

03304-3327-2

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 811 No. 591

Enacted

44

TATUL 44

03304-3328-0

04-08-2005

300

Fs. 813 No. 592

Enacted

45

PALAS 1

03304-3532-1

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

46

PALAS 2

03304-3533-K

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

47

PALAS 3

03304-3541-0

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

48

PALAS 4

03304-3534-8

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

49

PALAS 5

03304-3542-9

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

50

PALAS 6

03304-3535-6

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

51

PALAS 7

03304-3550-K

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

52

PALAS 8

03304-3536-4

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

53

PALAS 9

03304-3551-8

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

54

PALAS 10

03304-3537-2

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

55

PALAS 11

03304-3552-6

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

56

PALAS 12

03304-3538-0

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

57

PALAS 17

03304-3555-0

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

58

PALAS 13

03304-3553-4

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

164

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

59

PALAS 14

03304-3539-9

20-09-2006

300

 

Enacted

60

PALAS 15

03304-3554-2

20-09-2006

200

 

Enacted

61

PALAS 16

03304-3540-2

20-09-2006

200

 

Enacted

62

PALAS 18

03304-3639-5

24-11-2006

300

 

Enacted

63

PALAS 19

03304-3640-9

24-11-2006

300

 

Enacted

64

PALAS 20

03304-3641-7

24-11-2006

300

 

Enacted

65

PALAS 21

03304-3642-5

24-11-2006

300

 

Enacted

66

PALAS 22

03304-3643-3

24-11-2006

300

 

Enacted

67

PALAS 23

03304-3644-1

24-11-2006

300

 

Enacted

68

PALAS 24

03304-3645-K

24-11-2006

300

 

Enacted

69

PALAS 25

03304-3648-4

24-11-2006

300

 

Enacted

70

PALAS 26

03304-3646-8

24-11-2006

300

 

Enacted

71

PALAS 27

03304-3647-6

24-11-2006

200

 

Enacted

72

RIOCAR 1

 

28-12-2007

100

 

In Progress

73

RIOCAR 2

 

28-12-2007

100

 

In Progress

74

RIOCAR 3

 

28-12-2007

100

 

In Progress

75

RIOCAR 4

 

28-12-2007

200

 

In Progress

76

RIOCAR 6

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

77

RIOCAR 7

 

28-12-2007

200

 

In Progress

78

RIOCAR 8

 

28-12-2007

100

 

In Progress

79

RIOCAR 9

 

28-12-2007

200

 

In Progress

80

RIOCAR 10

 

28-12-2007

200

 

In Progress

81

RIOCAR 11

 

28-12-2007

200

 

In Progress

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

165

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

82

RIOCAR 12

 

28-12-2007

200

 

In Progress

83

RIOCAR 13

 

28-12-2007

300

 

In Progress

84

RIOCAR 14

 

28-12-2007

200

 

In Progress

85

RIOCAR 5

 

28-12-2007

100

 

In Progress

86

COLO 1

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

87

COLO 2

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

88

COLO 3

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

89

COLO 4

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

90

COLO 5

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

91

COLO 6

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

92

COLO 7

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

93

COLO 8

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

94

COLO 9

 

09-11-2007

200

 

In Progress

95

COLO 10

 

09-11-2007

200

 

In Progress

96

COLO 11

 

09-11-2007

200

 

In Progress

97

COLO 12

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

98

COLO 13

 

09-11-2007

200

 

In Progress

99

COLO 14

 

09-11-2007

200

 

In Progress

100

COLO 15

 

09-11-2007

200

 

In Progress

101

COLO 16

 

09-11-2007

200

 

In Progress

102

COLO 17

 

09-11-2007

200

 

In Progress

103

COLO 18

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

104

COLO 19

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

166

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

105

COLO 20

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

106

COLO 21

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

107

COLO 22

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

108

COLO 23

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

109

COLO 24

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

110

COLO 25

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

111

COLO 26

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

112

COLO 27

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

113

COLO 28

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

114

COLO 29

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

115

COLO 30

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

116

COLO 31

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

117

COLO 32

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

118

COLO 33

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

119

COLO 34

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

120

COLO 35

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

121

COLO 36

 

09-11-2007

200

 

In Progress

122

COLO 37

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

123

COLO 38

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

124

COLO 39

 

09-11-2007

300

 

In Progress

125

COLO 40

 

09-11-2007

100

 

In Progress

126

LA HIGUERA 1

 

04-10-2007

200

 

In Progress

127

LA HIGUERA 2

 

04-10-2007

200

 

In Progress

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

167

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

128

LA HIGUERA 3

 

04-10-2007

100

 

In Progress

129

LA HIGUERA 4

 

04-10-2007

300

 

In Progress

130

LA HIGUERA 5

 

04-10-2007

100

 

In Progress

131

LA HIGUERA 6

 

04-10-2007

100

 

In Progress

132

LA HIGUERA 7

 

04-10-2007

100

 

In Progress

133

CALDERA 1

04102-1480-6

24-08-2005

300

Fs. 127 Vta. No. 109

Enacted

134

CALDERA 2

04102-1481-4

24-08-2005

200

Fs. 129 Vta. No. 110

Enacted

135

CALDERA 3

04102-1482-2

24-08-2005

200

Fs. 131 Vta. No. 111

Enacted

136

CALDERA 4

04102-1483-0

24-08-2005

200

Fs. 133 Vta. No. 112

Enacted

137

CALDERA 5

04102-1484-9

24-08-2005

300

Fs. 135 Vta. No. 113

Enacted

138

CALDERA 6

04102-1485-7

24-08-2005

100

Fs. 137 Vta. No. 114

Enacted

139

CALDERA 7

04102-1486-5

24-08-2005

100

Fs. 139 Vta. No. 115

Enacted

140

CALDERA 8

04102-1487-3

24-08-2005

100

Fs. 141 Vta. No. 116

Enacted

141

CALDERA 9

04105-3673-0

23-08-2005

200

Fs. 309 No. 207

Enacted

142

CALDERA 10

04105-3674-9

23-08-2005

100

Fs. 311 No. 208

Enacted

143

CALDERA 11

04105-3675-7

23-08-2005

100

Fs. 313 No. 209

Enacted

144

CALDERA 12

04105-3676-5

23-08-2005

200

Fs. 315 No. 210

Enacted

145

CALDERA 13

04105-3677-3

23-08-2005

200

Fs. 317 No. 211

Enacted

146

CALDERA 14

04105-3678-1

23-08-2005

200

Fs. 319 No. 212

Enacted

147

SALTO 1

03304-3378-7

29-08-2005

200

Fs. 1148 Vta. No. 881

Enacted

148

SALTO 2

03304-3379-5

29-08-2005

300

Fs. 1150 Vta. No. 882

Enacted

149

SALTO 3

03304-3380-9

29-08-2005

300

Fs. 1152 Vta. No. 883

Enacted

150

SALTO 4

03304-3381-7

29-08-2005

300

Fs. 1154 Vta. No. 884

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

168

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

151

SALTO 5

03304-3382-5

29-08-2005

300

Fs. 1156 Vta. No. 885

Enacted

152

SALTO 6

03304-3383-3

29-08-2005

300

Fs. 1158 Vta. No. 886

Enacted

153

SALTO 7

03304-3384-1

29-08-2005

300

Fs. 1160 Vta. No. 887

Enacted

154

SALTO 8

03304-3385-K

29-08-2005

200

Fs. 1162 Vta. No. 888

Enacted

155

SALTO 9

03304-3386-8

29-08-2005

300

Fs. 1164 Vta. No. 889

Enacted

156

SALTO 10

03304-3387-6

29-08-2005

300

Fs. 1166 Vta. No. 890

Enacted

157

SALTO 11

03304-3388-4

29-08-2005

300

Fs. 1168 Vta. No. 891

Enacted

158

CALVARIO 1

04105-3894-6

30-05-2006

300

Fs. 113 No. 85

Enacted

159

CALVARIO 2

04105-3895-4

30-05-2006

200

Fs. 115 No. 86

Enacted

160

CALVARIO 3

04105-3896-2

30-05-2006

200

Fs. 117 No. 87

Enacted

161

CALVARIO 4

04105-3897-0

30-05-2006

200

Fs. 119 No. 88

Enacted

162

CALVARIO 5

04105-3898-9

30-05-2006

300

Fs. 121 No. 89

Enacted

163

CASABLANCA 1

03304-3499-6

26-05-2003

200

Fs. 446 No. 423

Enacted

164

CASABLANCA 2

03304-3500-3

26-05-2003

200

Fs. 448 No. 424

Enacted

165

CASABLANCA 3

03304-3501-1

26-05-2003

100

Fs. 450 No. 425

Enacted

166

CASABLANCA 4

03304-3502-K

26-05-2003

200

Fs. 452 No. 426

Enacted

167

CASABLANCA 5

03304-3503-8

26-05-2003

100

Fs. 454 No. 427

Enacted

168

CASABLANCA 6

03304-3504-6

26-05-2003

200

Fs. 456 No. 428

Enacted

169

CASABLANCA 7

03304-3505-4

26-05-2003

200

Fs. 458 No. 429

Enacted

170

CASABLANCA 8

03304-3524-0

26-05-2003

100

Fs. 460 No. 430

Enacted

171

CASABLANCA 9

03304-3506-2

26-05-2003

100

Fs. 462 Vta. No. 431

Enacted

172

CASABLANCA 10

03304-3507-0

26-05-2003

200

Fs. 464 Vta. No. 432

Enacted

173

CASABLANCA 11

03304-3508-9

26-05-2003

300

Fs. 466 Vta. No. 433

Enacted

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

169

 

 



 

  Technical Report – Pascua-Lama Project – Region III, Chile

 

174

CASABLANCA 12

03304-3509-7

26-05-2003

100

Fs. 468 Vta. No. 434

Enacted

 

 B                              Argentina

 

Table B-1: Exploration BEASA & EMASA Mining Concession – Argentine Site.

 

Name

Mining Rol

Registration Date

Status

Hectare

1

URSULINA II

520-0060-B-97

31-01-1997

Enacted

699,29276

2

LAMA 1

157056-C-79

05-11-1979

Enacted

63,00000

3

LAMA 18

156610-C-80

10-07-1980

Constituted

54,00000

4

LAMA 2

157057-C-79

05-11-1979

Enacted

54,00000

5

LAMA 19

156611-C-80

10-07-1980

Enacted

54,00000

6

LAMA 3

157058-C-79

05-11-1979

Enacted

54,00000

7

LAMA 4

157059-C-79

05-11-1979

Enacted

54,00000

8

LAMA 22

195114-C-81

16-12-1981

Enacted

54,00000

9

LAMA 26

195267-C-83

27-12-1983

Enacted

54,00000

10

LAMA 23

194170-C-82

25-02-1982

Enacted

54,00000

11

LAMA 25

194308-C-82

14-04-1982

Enacted

54,00000

12

Camila

1176-B-96

05-12-1996

Enacted

1457,99640

13

URSULINA I

520-0062-B-97

31-01-1997

Enacted

437,37156

14

LUIS V

338336-A-93

19-04-1993

Enacted

192,00000

15

LUIS VI

338335-A-93

19-04-1993

Enacted

585,00000

16

LAMA 17

156612-C-80

10-07-1980

Enacted

54,00000

17

LUIS II

338333-A-93

19-04-1993

Enacted

597,44560

18

LUIS IV

338337-A-93

19-04-1993

Enacted

306,00000

19

LUIS III

338338-A-93

19-04-1993

Enacted

484,00000

20

LUIS I

338334-A-93

19-04-1993

Enacted

90,00000

21

Antigua

425201-B-02

21-11-2000

Constituted

930,00000

22

URSULINA III

520-0061-B-97

31-01-1997

Enacted

506,37104

 

  Barrick Gold Corporation

170