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Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements include the accounts of GCI, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. They should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on March 9, 2012, as part of our annual report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for an entire year or any other period.

 

(1)       Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Principles

In the following discussion, GCI, Inc. and its direct and indirect subsidiaries are referred to as “we,” “us” and “our.”

 

Basis of Presentation

We were incorporated in Alaska in 1997 to affect the issuance of Senior Notes. As a wholly owned subsidiary of General Communication, Inc. ("GCI"), we received through our initial capitalization all ownership interests in subsidiaries previously held by GCI. The GCI and GCI, Inc. interim consolidated financial statements include substantially the same account activity.

 

(a)       Business

We offer the following services primarily in Alaska:

 

  • Postpaid and prepaid wireless telephone services and sale of wireless telephone handsets and accessories,
  • Video services throughout Alaska,
  • Internet access services,
  • Wireless roaming for certain wireless carriers and origination and termination of wireline traffic in Alaska for certain common carriers,
  • Competitive and incumbent local access services throughout Alaska,
  • Long-distance telephone service,
  • Data network services,
  • Broadband services, including our SchoolAccess® offering to rural school districts, our ConnectMD® offering to rural hospitals and health clinics, and managed video conferencing,
  • Managed services to certain commercial customers,
  • Sales and service of dedicated communications systems and related equipment, and
  • Lease, service arrangements and maintenance of capacity on our fiber optic cable systems used in the transmission of voice and data services within Alaska and between Alaska and the remaining United States and foreign countries.

 

(b)       Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the consolidated accounts of GCI, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries, as well as a variable interest entity (“VIE”) in which we were the primary beneficiary, when on August 30, 2011, we provided certain loans and guarantees to Terra GCI Investment Fund, LLC (“TIF”).  We also include in our consolidated financial statements non-controlling interests in consolidated subsidiaries for which our ownership is less than 100 percent.  All significant intercompany transactions between non-regulated affiliates of our company are eliminated.   Intercompany transactions generated between regulated and non-regulated affiliates of our company are not eliminated in consolidation.

 

(c)       Non-controlling Interest

Non-controlling interests represent the equity ownership interests in consolidated subsidiaries not owned by us.  Non-controlling interest is adjusted for contributions, distributions, and earnings (loss) attributable to the non-controlling interest partners of the consolidated entities.  Income and loss is allocated to the non-controlling interest based on the respective partnership agreements.

 

(d)       Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2011-08, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350)”   allows an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under these amendments, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The amendments include a number of events and circumstances for an entity to consider in conducting the qualitative assessment.   The adoption of ASU 2011-08 on January 1, 2012 did not have a material impact on our income statements, financial position or cash flows.

 

ASU 2011-04 “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”)” amended current guidance to achieve common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in GAAP and IFRS.  The amendments generally represent clarification of FASB ASC Topic 820, but also include instances where a particular principle or requirement for measuring fair value or disclosing information about fair value measurements has changed.   The adoption of ASU 2011-04 on January 1, 2012 did not have a material impact on our income statements, financial position or cash flows.

 

(e)       Regulatory Accounting

We account for our regulated operations in accordance with the accounting principles for regulated enterprises. This accounting recognizes the economic effects of rate regulation by recording cost and a return on investment as such amounts are recovered through rates authorized by regulatory authorities. Accordingly, plant and equipment is depreciated over lives approved by regulators and certain costs and obligations are deferred based upon approvals received from regulators to permit recovery of such amounts in future years. Our cost studies and depreciation rates for our regulated operations are subject to periodic audits that could result in a change to recorded revenues.

 

(f)       Earnings per Common Share

We are a wholly owned subsidiary of GCI and, accordingly, are not required to present earnings per share. Our common stock is not publicly traded.

(g)       Revenue Recognition

As an Eligible Telecommunications Carrier ("ETC"), we receive support from the Universal Service Fund ("USF") to support the provision of wireline local access and wireless service in high cost areas. On November 29, 2011, the FCC published a final rule to reform the methodology for distributing USF high cost support for voice and broadband services, as well as to the access charge regime for terminating traffic between carriers (“High Cost Order”). The High Cost Order defined the division of support to Alaska between Urban and Remote areas. The High Cost Order was a significant program change that required a reassessment of our high cost support revenue recognition.

 

Prior to the High Cost Order program changes we accrued Remote and Urban estimated program revenue quarterly based on current line counts, the most current rates paid to us, our assessment of the impact of current FCC regulations, and our assessment of the potential outcome of FCC proceedings. Our estimated accrued revenue is subject to our judgment regarding the outcome of many variables and is subject to upward or downward adjustments in subsequent periods. Our ability to collect our accrued USF support is contingent upon continuation of the USF program and upon our eligibility to participate in that program, which is subject to change by future regulatory, legislative or judicial actions. We adjust revenue and the account receivable in the period the FCC makes a program change or we assess the likelihood that such a change has increased or decreased revenue.

 

Remote High Cost Support

The High Cost Order mandated that as of January 1, 2012, Remote high cost support is based upon the total 2011 support disbursed to all subject Competitive Eligible Telecommunications Carrier (“CETCs”) (“Statewide Support Cap”). On January 1, 2012, the rates paid in the Remote areas were mandated and frozen by the USF and cannot exceed $250 per line per month on a study area basis. Line count growth that causes the Statewide Support Cap to be exceeded triggers a pro rata support payment reduction to all subject Alaska CETCs until the support is reduced down to the Statewide Support Cap amount.

 

The High Cost Order further mandated that on January 1, 2014, a freeze of Remote support will begin and subject CETC's support payments will be frozen at the monthly average of 2013 annual support. If a successor funding mechanism is operational on July 1, 2014, a 20% annual phase down will commence decreasing support 20% each annual period until no support is paid starting July 1, 2018. If a successor funding mechanism is not operational on July 1, 2014, the phase down will not begin and the subject CETCs will continue to receive the monthly average of 2013 annual support until a successor funding mechanism is operational. A subject CETC may not receive phase down support and support from a successor funding mechanism; one program or the other must be selected. At this time we cannot predict the likelihood of a successor funding mechanism being operational on July 1, 2014 nor can we predict whether we can or will participate in a successor funding mechanism.

 

As a result of the High Cost Order program changes for the areas designated Remote by the USF, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2011 we accrue estimated program revenue based on current line counts and the rates mandated and frozen by the USF, reduced as needed by our estimate of the impact of the Statewide Support Cap. The Statewide Support Cap is the amount of total high cost support all CETCs in the Remote areas of Alaska may receive. When determining the estimated program revenue accrual we also consider our assessment of the impact of current FCC regulations and of the potential outcome of FCC proceedings. Our estimated accrued revenue is subject to our judgment regarding the outcome of many variables and is subject to upward or downward adjustment in subsequent periods.

 

Urban High Cost Support

The High Cost Order mandated that as of January 1, 2012, Urban high cost support payments are frozen at the monthly average of the subject CETC's 2011 annual support. A 20% annual phase down will commence July 1, 2012, decreasing support 20% each annual period until no support is paid starting July 1, 2016. If a successor funding mechanism is not operational on July 1, 2014, the phase down will stop at 60% and the subject CETCs will continue to receive annual support payments at the 60% level until a successor funding mechanism is operational. Urban high cost support is no longer dependent upon line counts and line count filings are no longer required.

 

As a result of the High Cost Order program changes for the areas considered to be Urban by the USF we apply the proportional performance revenue recognition method to account for the impact of the declining payments while our level of service provided and associated costs remain constant. Included in the calculation are the scheduled Urban high cost support payments from October 2011 through June 2014 net of our Urban accounts receivable balance at September 30, 2011. An equal amount of this result is recognized as Urban support revenue each period. At this time we cannot predict the likelihood of a successor funding mechanism being operational on July 1, 2014; therefore we have not included projected support payments beyond June 2014.

 

For both Remote and Urban high cost support revenue our ability to collect our accrued USF support is contingent upon continuation of the USF program and upon our eligibility to participate in that program, which is subject to change by future regulatory, legislative or judicial actions. We adjust revenue and the account receivable in the period the FCC makes a program change or we assess the likelihood that such a change has increased or decreased revenue. We do not recognize revenue until our ETC status has been approved by the Regulatory Commission of Alaska.

 

We recorded high cost support revenue under the USF program of $11.5 million and $12.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. At March 31, 2012, we have $31.8 million and $7.0 million in Remote and Urban high cost accounts receivable, respectively.

 

(h)       Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant items subject to estimates and assumptions include the allowance for doubtful receivables, unbilled revenues, accrual of the USF high cost Remote area program support, share-based compensation, inventory at lower of cost or market, reserve for future customer credits, valuation allowances for deferred income tax assets, depreciable and amortizable lives of assets, the carrying value of long-lived assets including goodwill, cable certificates and wireless licenses, our effective tax rate, purchase price allocations, deferred lease expense, asset retirement obligations, the accrual of Cost of Goods Sold, depreciation and the accrual of contingencies and litigation. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

The accounting estimates related to revenues from the USF high cost Remote area program are dependent on various inputs including our estimate of the Statewide Support Cap, our assessment of the impact of new FCC regulations, and the potential outcome of FCC proceedings.  These inputs are subjective and based on our judgment regarding the outcome of certain variables and are subject to upward or downward adjustment in subsequent periods.  Effective in the fourth quarter of 2011, we changed our high cost support revenue recognition methodology due to the High Cost Order. See Note 1(q) “Revenue Recognition,” included in Item 8 “Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in our December 31, 2011 annual report Form 10-K for information.

 

(i)       Income Taxes

GCI, Inc., as a wholly owned subsidiary and member of the GCI controlled group of corporations, files its income tax returns as part of the consolidated group of corporations under GCI. Accordingly, all discussions regarding income taxes reflect the consolidated group's activity. Our income tax expense and deferred income tax assets and liabilities are presented herein using the separate-entity method.

 

(j)       Classification of Taxes Collected from Customers

We report sales, use, excise, and value added taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are directly imposed on a revenue-producing transaction between us and a customer on a net basis in our Income Statements. We report a certain surcharge on a gross basis in our Consolidated Income Statements of $1.5 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

(k)       Immaterial Error Correction

During the three months ended March 31, 2012, we identified an error in the depreciable life of one fixed asset. The error resulted in a $146,000 quarterly or $585,000 annual understatement of depreciation expense in 2007 through 2010 and a corresponding overstatement of net property and equipment in service for the same periods. In the first and second quarters of 2011 the error resulted in a $146,000 quarterly understatement of depreciation expense and a corresponding overstatement of net property and equipment in service for the same periods. In the third and fourth quarters of 2011 the error resulted in a $49,000 quarterly overstatement of depreciation expense and a corresponding understatement of net property and equipment in service for the same periods. The net annual misstatement to 2011 was a $195,000 understatement to depreciation expense and a corresponding overstatement of net property and equipment in service for the same period. In order to assess materiality of this error we considered Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 99, “Materiality” and SAB 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements,” and determined that the impact of this error on prior period consolidated financial statements was immaterial. Although the error was and continues to be immaterial to prior periods, because of the significance of the out-of-period correction in the first quarter of 2012, we revised our prior period financial statements. The impact of the immaterial error correction adjustment for the period presented are as follows (amounts in thousands):

 Consolidated Balance Sheet as of  As Previously Reported Adjustment As Revised 
  December 31, 2011:       
 Property and equipment in service, net of depreciation$ 851,705  (2,584)  849,121 
 Net property and equipment  894,623  (2,584)  892,039 
 Total assets  1,447,247  (2,584)  1,444,663 
 Deferred income taxes  115,296  (1,062)  114,234 
 Total liabilities  1,273,735  (1,062)  1,272,673 
 Retained deficit  (111,259)  (1,522)  (112,781) 
 Total GCI stockholders' equity  157,204  (1,522)  155,682 
 Total stockholders' equity  173,512  (1,522)  171,990 
 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity  1,447,247  (2,584)  1,444,663 
          
 Consolidated Income Statement for the Three        
  Months Ended March 31, 2011:       
 Depreciation and amortization expense  31,720  146  31,866 
 Operating income  20,408  (146)  20,262 
 Income before income tax expense or benefit  2,936  (146)  2,790 
 Income tax expense  1,451  (60)  1,391 
 Net income  1,485  (86)  1,399 
          
 Consolidated Statement of Stockholder's Equity       
 for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2011:       
 Retained deficit, balance at January 1, 2011$ (61,983)  (1,407)  (63,390) 
 Net income  1,485  (86)  1,399 
 Retained deficit, balance at March 31, 2011  (67,706)  (1,493)  (69,199) 
 Total stockholders' equity, balance at January 1, 2011  199,213  (1,407)  197,806 
 Total stockholders' equity, balance at March 31, 2011  195,034  (1,493)  193,541 
          
 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the Three        
  Months Ended March 31, 2011:       
 Net income  1,485  (86)  1,399 
 Depreciation and amortization expense  31,720  146  31,866 
 Deferred income tax expense (benefit)  1,451  (60)  1,391