Employee Stock Plans

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Employee Stock Plans

Omnibus Plan

The company maintains the Arrow Electronics, Inc. 2004 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “Omnibus Plan”), which provides an array of equity alternatives available to the company when designing compensation incentives. The Omnibus Plan permits the grant of cash-based awards, non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options (“ISOs”), stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units, covered employee annual incentive awards, and other stock-based awards. The Compensation Committee of the company's Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”) determines the vesting requirements, termination provision, and the terms of the award for any awards under the Omnibus Plan when such awards are issued. The company did not grant non-qualified stock options or ISOs in 2021 and does not intend to grant them in the future.

Under the terms of the Omnibus Plan, a maximum of 24,000,000 shares of common stock may be awarded. There were 6,209,974 and 6,777,309 shares available for grant under the Omnibus Plan as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Generally, shares are counted against the authorization only to the extent that they are issued. Restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, and performance units count against the authorization at a rate of 1.69 to 1.

The company recorded, as a component of “Selling, general, and administrative expenses,” amortization of stock-based compensation of $36,117, $35,288, and $41,070 in 2021, 2020, and 2019, respectively. The actual tax benefit realized from share-based payment awards during 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $8,635, $5,308, and $7,308, respectively.

Stock Options

Under the Omnibus Plan, the company may grant both ISOs and non-qualified stock options. ISOs may only be granted to employees of the company, its subsidiaries, and its affiliates. The exercise price for options cannot be less than the fair market value of Arrow's common stock on the date of grant. Options generally vest in equal installments over a four-year period. Options currently outstanding have contractual terms of ten years.

The following information relates to the stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 2021:


	Shares	Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2020	1,520,917	$	73.68

Exercised	(669,180)		70.21
Forfeited	(24,692)		68.37
Outstanding at December 31, 2021	827,045		76.66	77	months	$	47,893
Exercisable at December 31, 2021	390,815	$	72.00	63	months	$	22,337

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the company's closing stock price on the last trading day of 2021 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2021. This amount changes based on the market value of the company's stock.

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $26,614, $8,211, and $9,346, respectively.

Cash received from option exercises during 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $46,982, $21,037, and $16,911, respectively, and is included within the financing activities section in the company's consolidated statements of cash flows.

The fair value of stock options was estimated using the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following weighted-average assumptions for the years ended December 31:


	2020	2019
Volatility (percent) (a)	24	24
Expected term (in years) (b)	5.6	5.6
Risk-free interest rate (percent) (c)	1.4	2.5

(a) Volatility is measured using historical daily price changes of the company's common stock over the expected term of the option.

(b) The expected term represents the weighted-average period the option is expected to be outstanding and is based primarily on the historical exercise behavior of employees.

(c) The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield with a maturity that approximates the expected term of the option.

There is no expected dividend yield.

No stock options were granted in 2021. The weighted-average fair value per option granted was $20.59 and $22.68 during 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Performance Awards

The Compensation Committee, subject to the terms and conditions of the Omnibus Plan, may grant performance share and/or performance unit awards (collectively “performance awards”). The fair value of a performance award is the fair market value of the company's common stock on the date of grant. Such awards will be earned only if performance goals over performance periods established by or under the direction of the Compensation Committee are met. The performance goals and periods may vary from participant-to-participant, group-to-group, and time-to-time. The performance awards will be delivered in common stock at the end of the service period based on the company's actual performance compared to the target metric and may be from 0% to 185% of the initial award. Compensation expense is recognized using the graded vesting method over the three-year service period and is adjusted each period based on the current estimate of performance compared to the target metric.

Restricted Stock

Subject to the terms and conditions of the Omnibus Plan, the Compensation Committee may grant shares of restricted stock and/or restricted stock units. Restricted stock units are similar to restricted stock except that no shares are actually awarded to the participant on the date of grant. Shares of restricted stock and/or restricted stock units awarded under the Omnibus Plan may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned, or otherwise alienated or hypothecated until the end of the applicable period of restriction established by the Compensation Committee and specified in the award agreement (and in the case of restricted stock units until the date of delivery or other payment). Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis as shares become free of forfeiture restrictions (i.e. vest) generally over a four-year period.

Non-Employee Director Awards

The company's Board shall set the amounts and types of equity awards that shall be granted to all non-employee directors on a periodic, nondiscriminatory basis pursuant to the Omnibus Plan, as well as any additional amounts, if any, to be awarded, also on a periodic, nondiscriminatory basis, based on each of the following: the number of committees of the Board on which a non-employee director serves, service of a non-employee director as the chair of a Committee of the Board, service of a non-employee director as Chairman of the Board or Lead Director, or the first selection or appointment of an individual to the Board as a non-employee director. Non-employee directors currently receive annual awards of fully-vested restricted stock units valued at $175. All restricted stock units are settled in common stock following the director's separation from the Board.

Unless a non-employee director gives notice setting forth a different percentage, 50% of each director's annual retainer fee is deferred and converted into units based on the fair market value of the company's stock as of the date it was payable. A non-employee director can choose between one-year cliff vesting or keep the deferral until separation from the Board. After separation from the Board, the deferral will be converted into a share of company stock and distributed to the non-employee director as soon as practicable following such date.

Summary of Non-Vested Shares

The following information summarizes the changes in non-vested performance shares, performance units, restricted stock, and restricted stock units for 2021:


	Shares	Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested shares at December 31, 2020	954,301	$	79.07
Granted	386,362		106.24
Vested	(354,737)		82.25
Forfeited	(36,051)		79.18
Non-vested shares at December 31, 2021	949,875	$	88.93

The total fair value of shares vested during 2021, 2020, and 2019 was $37,323, $31,851, and $46,676, respectively.

As of December 31, 2021, there was $26,460 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested shares and stock options which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.1 years.