<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0609</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2026-06-05</periodOfReport>

    <notSubjectToSection16>0</notSubjectToSection16>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0000751978</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>VICOR CORP</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>vicr</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0000901484</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>VINCIARELLI PATRIZIO</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerNonUSAddressFlag>false</rptOwnerNonUSAddressFlag>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>C/O VICOR CORPORATION</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>25 FRONTAGE ROAD</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>ANDOVER</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>MA</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>01810</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>1</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>1</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle>Chairman and CEO</officerTitle>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <aff10b5One>1</aff10b5One>

    <nonDerivativeTable>
        <nonDerivativeHolding>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>167125</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>I</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
                <natureOfOwnership>
                    <value>See footnote</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F1"/>
                </natureOfOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeHolding>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2026-06-05</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>S</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
                <footnoteId id="F2"/>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>1000</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>266.282</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F3"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>8727090</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2026-06-05</value>
            </transactionDate>
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                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>S</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
                <footnoteId id="F2"/>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>800</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>267.3775</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F4"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>8726290</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
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                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
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            </transactionDate>
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            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
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                <transactionShares>
                    <value>900</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
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                    <footnoteId id="F5"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
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        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
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                <value>Common Stock</value>
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            </transactionDate>
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                <transactionCode>S</transactionCode>
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                <footnoteId id="F2"/>
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            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
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                    <value>800</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
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                    <footnoteId id="F6"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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            </transactionDate>
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            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
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                <transactionShares>
                    <value>1416</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
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                    <footnoteId id="F7"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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            <postTransactionAmounts>
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                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
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                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
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        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
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            </transactionDate>
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            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
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                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>271.443</value>
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                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
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                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
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                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
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        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2026-06-05</value>
            </transactionDate>
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            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
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                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
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                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
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                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
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                </transactionPricePerShare>
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                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
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            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
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            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>S</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
                <footnoteId id="F2"/>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>83</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>287.6182</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F22"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>8708096</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2026-06-05</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>S</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
                <footnoteId id="F2"/>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness>
                <value></value>
            </transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>6</value>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>288.5067</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F23"/>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>8708090</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
    </nonDerivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">These shares are held by the reporting person as Trustee of the Patrizio Vinciarelli Irrevocable Trust U/A Dated 12/21/2012, established for the benefit of the child of the reporting person.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">This sale was effected pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan adopted by the reporting person on February 26, 2026.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F3">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $265.8900 to $266.7000. The reporting person undertakes to provide to Vicor Corporation, any security holder of Vicor Corporation, or the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission, upon request, full information regarding the number of shares sold at each separate price within the ranges set forth in footnotes (3) through (23) to this Form 4.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F4">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $266.9800 to $267.7200.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F5">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $268.0000 to $268.9900.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F6">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $269.0100 to $270.0000.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F7">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $270.0400 to $271.0300.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F8">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $271.0500 to $271.8300.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F9">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $272.2500 to $273.2100.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F10">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $273.6900 to $274.6700.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F11">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $274.7500 to $275.2900.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F12">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $276.0000 to $276.8800.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F13">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $277.0100 to $278.0000.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F14">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $278.1900 to $279.1700.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F15">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $279.9700 to $280.9300.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F16">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $280.9900 to $281.6800.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F17">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $282.0600 to $282.9100.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F18">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $283.1600 to $284.0000.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F19">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $284.2000 to $285.1600.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F20">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $285.2000 to $286.1200.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F21">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $286.3800 to $287.3700.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F22">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $287.4200 to $288.0000.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F23">The price reported in Column 4 is a weighted average price. These shares were sold in multiple transactions at prices ranging from $288.5000 to $288.5100.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>/s/Kemble D. Morrison  Attorney in fact for Patrizio Vinciarelli</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2026-06-08</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
