Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (determined on a first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value and includes material, labor and factory overhead. The Company maintains valuation allowances for estimated slow-moving and obsolete inventory to reflect the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated net realizable value. Valuation allowances for slow-moving and obsolete inventory are determined through a physical inspection of the product in connection with a physical inventory, a review of slow-moving product and consideration of active marketing programs. The market for education furniture is traditionally driven by value, not style, and the Company has not typically incurred significant obsolescence expenses. If market conditions are less favorable than those anticipated by management, additional valuation allowances may be required. Due to reductions in sales volume in the past years, the Company’s manufacturing facilities are operating at reduced levels of capacity. The Company records the cost of excess capacity as a period expense, not as a component of capitalized inventory valuation.

The following table presents breakdown of the Company’s inventories as of October 31, 2019, January 31, 2019 and October 31, 2018:



	10/31/2019		1/31/2019		10/31/2018
	(in thousands)

Finished goods	$	15,380	$	15,908	$	14,552
WIP	15,567		18,820		16,633
Raw materials	11,960		12,561		11,485
Inventories	$	42,907	$	47,289	$	42,670

Management continually monitors production costs, material costs and inventory levels to determine that inventories are fairly stated.