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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes
The Company recognizes deferred income taxes under the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC No. 740, Accounting for Income Taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities at enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, the Company considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income or reversal of deferred tax liabilities during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible.  The Company maintains a partial valuation allowance against certain state deferred tax assets that the Company does not believe it is more-likely-than-not to realize.

The Company's tax provision for interim periods is determined using an estimate of its annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items. The Company's income tax expense for the three months ended July 31, 2017 was $2.8 million on pre-tax income of $7.9 million or an effective tax rate of 36.2 percent. The Company's income tax expense for the six months ended July 31, 2017 was $1.5 million on pre-tax income of $4.3 million or an effective tax rate of 34.7 percent. For the three months ended July 31, 2016, the Company's income tax expense was $140,000 on pre-tax income of $7.0 million. The Company's income tax expense for the six months ended July 31, 2016 was $170,000 on pre-tax income of $3.9 million. The effective tax rate was substantially lower in the three and six months ended July 31, 2016 principally due to a valuation allowance recorded against the majority of the net deferred tax assets at July 31, 2016.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-09 related to stock compensation in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. Upon adoption the balance of the unrecognized excess tax benefits of approximately $172,000 was recognized with the impact recorded to retained earnings.
See "Note 3. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards" in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for more information regarding the implementation of ASU No. 2016-09.

In 2016, the Company closed its IRS examination for its tax return for the year ended January 31, 2013 with no changes. The January 31, 2014 and subsequent years remain open for examination by the IRS and state tax authorities. The Company is not currently under any state examination. Subsequent to the quarter ended July 31, 2017, the Company received a notice from the IRS indicating that the agency will conduct an examination for its fiscal year ended January 31, 2016 Federal tax return.

The specific timing of when the resolution of each tax position will be reached is uncertain.  As of July 31, 2017, it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by $9,000 within the next 12 months due to the expiration of the statute of limitations.