Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]

Loans, Net of Unearned Income

	June 30,		December 31,
($ in thousands)	2025		2024
Commercial non-real estate	$	9,760,733	$	9,876,592
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		3,136,182		3,011,955
Total commercial and industrial		12,896,915		12,888,547
Commercial real estate - income producing		3,940,309		3,798,612
Construction and land development		1,219,514		1,281,115
Residential mortgages		4,057,307		3,961,328
Consumer		1,347,705		1,369,845
Total loans	$	23,461,750	$	23,299,447

Allowance for Credit Losses by Portfolio Class

The following tables present activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio class for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, as well as the allowance for credit loss by primary calculation method at the end of each period.

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
				Commercial			Total			Commercial
	Commercial			Real Estate-			Commercial			Real Estate-			Construction
	Non-Real			Owner			and			Income			and Land			Residential
($ in thousands)	Estate			Occupied			Industrial			Producing			Development			Mortgages			Consumer			Total
Allowance for credit losses
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	121,090		$	36,264		$	157,354		$	71,975		$	21,158		$	42,445		$	25,950		$	318,882
Charge-offs		(24,484	)		(2,741	)		(27,225	)		(34	)		(33	)		(429	)		(7,900	)		(35,621	)
Recoveries		5,042			363			5,405			—			123			453			1,607			7,588
Net provision for loan losses		20,953			3,827			24,780			(6,606	)		(3,563	)		1,148			6,581			22,340
Ending balance - allowance for loan losses	$	122,601		$	37,713		$	160,314		$	65,335		$	17,685		$	43,617		$	26,238		$	313,189
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments:
Beginning balance	$	6,441		$	309		$	6,750		$	642		$	14,639		$	4		$	2,018		$	24,053
Provision for losses on unfunded commitments		1,963			33			1,996			(152	)		1,483			(3	)		(277	)		3,047
Ending balance - reserve for unfunded lending commitments		8,404			342			8,746			490			16,122			1			1,741			27,100
Total allowance for credit losses	$	131,005		$	38,055		$	169,060		$	65,825		$	33,807		$	43,618		$	27,979		$	340,289
Allowance for credit losses:
Individually evaluated	$	9,626		$	41		$	9,667		$	—		$	—		$	753		$	198		$	10,618
Collectively evaluated	$	121,379		$	38,014		$	159,393		$	65,825		$	33,807		$	42,865		$	27,781		$	329,671

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
				Commercial			Total			Commercial
	Commercial			Real Estate-			Commercial			Real Estate-			Construction
	Non-Real			Owner			and			Income			and Land			Residential
($ in thousands)	Estate			Occupied			Industrial			Producing			Development			Mortgages			Consumer			Total
Allowance for credit losses
Allowance for loan losses:
Beginning balance	$	101,737		$	40,197		$	141,934		$	74,539		$	27,039		$	38,983		$	25,412		$	307,907
Charge-offs		(17,304	)		—			(17,304	)		(8,819	)		(225	)		(67	)		(8,902	)		(35,317	)
Recoveries		16,054			861			16,915			5			62			296			1,774			19,052
Net provision for loan losses		5,386			(2,493	)		2,893			11,918			395			2,481			6,819			24,506
Ending balance - allowance for loan losses	$	105,873		$	38,565		$	144,438		$	77,643		$	27,271		$	41,693		$	25,103		$	316,148
Reserve for unfunded lending commitments:
Beginning balance	$	5,507		$	327		$	5,834		$	1,344		$	20,019		$	30		$	1,667		$	28,894
Provision for losses on unfunded commitments		355			(19	)		336			(376	)		(2,693	)		(19	)		(63	)		(2,815	)
Ending balance - reserve for unfunded lending commitments		5,862			308			6,170			968			17,326			11			1,604			26,079
Total allowance for credit losses	$	111,735		$	38,873		$	150,608		$	78,611		$	44,597		$	41,704		$	26,707		$	342,227
Allowance for credit losses
Individually evaluated	$	474		$	56		$	530		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	530
Collectively evaluated	$	111,261		$	38,817		$	150,078		$	78,611		$	44,597		$	41,704		$	26,707		$	341,697

Composition of Nonaccrual Loans and Without an Allowance for Loan Loss by Portfolio Class

The following table shows the composition of nonaccrual loans and those without an allowance for loan loss, by portfolio class.

	June 30, 2025				December 31, 2024
($ in thousands)	Total Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual Without Allowance for Loan Loss		Total Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual Without Allowance for Loan Loss
Commercial non-real estate	$	31,906	$	4,599	$	33,418	$	4,855
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		3,589		522		2,727		1,198
Total commercial and industrial		35,495		5,121		36,145		6,053
Commercial real estate - income producing		5,935		4,519		356		—
Construction and land development		1,932		—		5,561		4,929
Residential mortgages		41,300		1,450		44,086		1,475
Consumer		10,260		171		11,187		500
Total loans	$	94,922	$	11,261	$	97,335	$	12,957

Provides Detail by Portfolio Class for Reportable MEFDs

The tables below provide detail by portfolio class for reportable MEFDs entered into during the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. Modified facilities are reported using the balance at the end of each period reported and are reflected only once in each table based on the type of modification or combination of modification.

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2025
	Term Extension					Significant Payment Delay					Term Extensions and Significant Payment Delay
($ in thousands)	Balance		Percentage of Portfolio			Balance		Percentage of Portfolio			Balance		Percentage of Portfolio
Commercial non-real estate	$	34,384		0.35	%	$	9,021		0.09	%	$	70		0.00	%
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		—		—			—		—			—		—
Total commercial and industrial		34,384		0.27	%		9,021		0.07	%		70		0.00	%
Commercial real estate - income producing		—		—			—		—			—		—
Construction and land development		—		—			—		—			—		—
Residential mortgages		1,106		0.03	%		—		—			—		—
Consumer		—		—			—		—			—		—
Total reportable modified loans	$	35,490		0.15	%	$	9,021		0.04	%	$	70		0.00	%

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
	Term Extension					Significant Payment Delay					Term Extensions and Significant Payment Delay
($ in thousands)	Balance		Percentage of Portfolio			Balance		Percentage of Portfolio			Balance		Percentage of Portfolio
Commercial non-real estate	$	43,015		0.44	%	$	9,217		0.09	%	$	70		0.00	%
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		352		0.01	%		—		—			—		—
Total commercial and industrial		43,367		0.34	%		9,217		0.07	%		70		0.00	%
Commercial real estate - income producing		—		—			—		—			—		—
Construction and land development		—		—			—		—			—		—
Residential mortgages		14,207		0.35	%		414		0.01	%		—		—
Consumer		—		—			—		—			—		—
Total reportable modified loans	$	57,574		0.25	%	$	9,631		0.04	%	$	70		0.00	%

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Term Extension					Significant Payment Delay				Term Extensions and Significant Payment Delay
($ in thousands)	Balance		Percentage of Portfolio			Balance		Percentage of Portfolio		Balance		Percentage of Portfolio
Commercial non-real estate	$	28,040		0.28	%	$	—		—	$	—		—
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		—		—			—		—		—		—
Total commercial and industrial		28,040		0.22	%		—		—		—		—
Commercial real estate - income producing		1,870		0.05	%		—		—		—		—
Construction and land development		—		—			—		—		—		—
Residential mortgages		753		0.02	%		—		—		—		—
Consumer		49		0.00	%		—		—		—		—
Total reportable modified loans	$	30,712		0.13	%	$	—		—	$	—		—

	Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	Term Extension					Significant Payment Delay					Term Extensions and Significant Payment Delay
($ in thousands)	Balance		Percentage of Portfolio			Balance		Percentage of Portfolio			Balance		Percentage of Portfolio
Commercial non-real estate	$	44,156		0.45	%	$	—		—		$	5,275		0.05	%
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		—		—			—		—			—		—
Total commercial and industrial		44,156		0.34	%		—		—			5,275		0.04	%
Commercial real estate - income producing		1,870		0.05	%		1,613		0.04	%		—		—
Construction and land development		—		—			—		—			—		—
Residential mortgages		2,641		0.07	%		—		—			—		—
Consumer		155		0.01	%		—		—			—		—
Total reportable modified loans	$	48,822		0.20	%	$	1,613		0.01	%	$	5,275		0.02	%

Aging Analysis of Reportable Modifications To Borrowers Experiencing Financial Difficulty by Portfolio Class

The tables that follow present the aging analysis of reportable modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty by portfolio class at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

	June 30, 2025
(in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater than 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Reportable Modified Loans
Commercial non-real estate	$	498	$	3,270	$	4,297	$	8,065	$	48,768	$	56,833
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		—		—		—		—		352		352
Total commercial and industrial		498		3,270		4,297		8,065		49,120		57,185
Commercial real estate - income producing		—		—		841		841		1,846		2,687
Construction and land development		—		—		—		—		—		—
Residential mortgages		—		823		—		823		14,620		15,443
Consumer		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total reportable modified loans	$	498	$	4,093	$	5,138	$	9,729	$	65,586	$	75,315

	December 31, 2024
(in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater than 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Reportable Modified Loans
Commercial non-real estate	$	1,975	$	—	$	12,548	$	14,523	$	78,934	$	93,457
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total commercial and industrial		1,975		—		12,548		14,523		78,934		93,457
Commercial real estate - income producing		—		826		—		826		1,915		2,741
Construction and land development		—		—		—		—		—		—
Residential mortgages		179		249		501		929		2,241		3,170
Consumer		—		—		—		—		131		131
Total reportable modified loans	$	2,154	$	1,075	$	13,049	$	16,278	$	83,221	$	99,499

Aging Analysis of Past Due Loans by Portfolio Class

The tables below present the aging analysis of past due loans by portfolio class at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

	June 30, 2025
($ in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater than 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans		Recorded Investment > 90 Days and Still Accruing
Commercial non-real estate	$	9,487	$	10,377	$	33,171	$	53,035	$	9,707,698	$	9,760,733	$	10,822
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		4,981		2,133		45,144		52,258		3,083,924		3,136,182		42,080
Total commercial and industrial		14,468		12,510		78,315		105,293		12,791,622		12,896,915		52,902
Commercial real estate - income producing		664		152		8,483		9,299		3,931,010		3,940,309		3,122
Construction and land development		1,662		461		1,622		3,745		1,215,769		1,219,514		121
Residential mortgages		11,292		16,429		31,738		59,459		3,997,848		4,057,307		165
Consumer		8,567		5,860		8,407		22,834		1,324,871		1,347,705		2,392
Total loans	$	36,653	$	35,412	$	128,565	$	200,630	$	23,261,120	$	23,461,750	$	58,702

	December 31, 2024
($ in thousands)	30-59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Greater than 90 Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans		Recorded Investment > 90 Days and Still Accruing
Commercial non-real estate	$	19,326	$	5,264	$	27,756	$	52,346	$	9,824,246	$	9,876,592	$	14,557
Commercial real estate - owner occupied		1,113		38		3,747		4,898		3,007,057		3,011,955		1,097
Total commercial and industrial		20,439		5,302		31,503		57,244		12,831,303		12,888,547		15,654
Commercial real estate - income producing		220		5,417		464		6,101		3,792,511		3,798,612		150
Construction and land development		1,066		3,773		5,314		10,153		1,270,962		1,281,115		3,563
Residential mortgages		42,211		25,050		34,113		101,374		3,859,954		3,961,328		27
Consumer		10,770		5,381		8,504		24,655		1,345,190		1,369,845		2,458
Total loans	$	74,706	$	44,923	$	79,898	$	199,527	$	23,099,920	$	23,299,447	$	21,852

Credit Quality Indicators by Segment and Portfolio Class

The following tables present credit quality disclosures of amortized cost by class and vintage for term loans and by revolving and revolving converted to amortizing at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The Company defines vintage as the later of origination, renewal or modification date. The gross charge-offs presented in the tables that follow are for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024.

	June 30, 2025
	Term Loans														Revolving Loans
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving		Converted to
($ in thousands)	2025		2024		2023		2022		2021		Prior		Loans		Term Loans		Total
Commercial Non-Real Estate:
Pass	$	971,091	$	1,479,084	$	882,755	$	930,552	$	680,886	$	1,046,331	$	2,917,041	$	178,736	$	9,086,476
Pass-Watch		3,109		27,692		39,345		53,498		14,683		22,648		44,815		12,497		218,287
Special Mention		243		777		31,707		58,437		13,157		10,838		69,875		720		185,754
Substandard		15,109		7,984		64,864		83,140		11,966		15,022		64,112		8,019		270,216
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	989,552	$	1,515,537	$	1,018,671	$	1,125,627	$	720,692	$	1,094,839	$	3,095,843	$	199,972	$	9,760,733
Gross Charge-offs	$	1,019	$	2,036	$	13,878	$	384	$	63	$	424	$	1,627	$	5,053	$	24,484
Commercial Real Estate - Owner Occupied:
Pass	$	250,090	$	413,878	$	310,860	$	503,912	$	493,835	$	863,816	$	64,528	$	48,684	$	2,949,603
Pass-Watch		1,157		17,241		11,647		54,835		5,034		46,620		2,050		—		138,584
Special Mention		1,428		4,799		400		13,044		5,271		—		1,075		—		26,017
Substandard		755		—		1,506		3,576		1,842		14,246		53		—		21,978
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	253,430	$	435,918	$	324,413	$	575,367	$	505,982	$	924,682	$	67,706	$	48,684	$	3,136,182
Gross Charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,741	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,741
Commercial Real Estate - Income Producing:
Pass	$	398,056	$	396,880	$	530,341	$	958,054	$	637,741	$	818,352	$	34,199	$	849	$	3,774,472
Pass-Watch		162		14,878		3,454		24,594		32,046		28,563		810		—		104,507
Special Mention		7,817		506		302		1,961		—		—		—		—		10,586
Substandard		218		841		5,584		21,800		2,205		19,924		172		—		50,744
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	406,253	$	413,105	$	539,681	$	1,006,409	$	671,992	$	866,839	$	35,181	$	849	$	3,940,309
Gross Charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	34	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	34
Construction and Land Development:
Pass	$	100,834	$	323,805	$	294,360	$	187,265	$	80,256	$	18,894	$	119,354	$	2,107	$	1,126,875
Pass-Watch		333		350		548		64,318		22,786		254		—		—		88,589
Special Mention		63		—		—		—		117		—		—		142		322
Substandard		—		115		1,930		1,334		135		159		—		55		3,728
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	101,230	$	324,270	$	296,838	$	252,917	$	103,294	$	19,307	$	119,354	$	2,304	$	1,219,514
Gross Charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	25	$	—	$	8	$	—	$	—	$	33
Residential Mortgage:
Performing	$	245,833	$	135,610	$	418,128	$	1,053,271	$	856,748	$	1,303,556	$	2,861	$	—	$	4,016,007
Nonperforming		—		667		7,686		9,512		5,087		18,348		—		—		41,300
Total	$	245,833	$	136,277	$	425,814	$	1,062,783	$	861,835	$	1,321,904	$	2,861	$	—	$	4,057,307
Gross Charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	233	$	179	$	—	$	17	$	—	$	—	$	429
Consumer Loans:
Performing	$	38,737	$	32,650	$	31,054	$	26,800	$	13,891	$	61,058	$	1,114,987	$	18,268	$	1,337,445
Nonperforming		57		60		440		1,196		701		5,459		319		2,028		10,260
Total	$	38,794	$	32,710	$	31,494	$	27,996	$	14,592	$	66,517	$	1,115,306	$	20,296	$	1,347,705
Gross Charge-offs	$	3	$	492	$	604	$	655	$	321	$	531	$	4,304	$	990	$	7,900

	December 31, 2024
	Term Loans														Revolving Loans
	Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving		Converted to
($ in thousands)	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior		Loans		Term Loans		Total
Commercial Non-Real Estate:
Pass	$	1,794,904	$	1,069,637	$	1,154,669	$	819,520	$	339,594	$	925,046	$	2,946,499	$	107,363	$	9,157,232
Pass-Watch		8,466		46,681		43,379		29,193		12,768		9,851		61,076		8,561		219,975
Special Mention		412		21,337		52,375		6,044		6,234		41		62,934		328		149,705
Substandard		19,839		91,192		117,545		15,225		8,200		2,898		65,138		29,643		349,680
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,823,621	$	1,228,847	$	1,367,968	$	869,982	$	366,796	$	937,836	$	3,135,647	$	145,895	$	9,876,592
Gross Charge-offs	$	705	$	7,575	$	7,494	$	11,090	$	213	$	1,837	$	5,952	$	10,622	$	45,488
Commercial Real Estate - Owner Occupied:
Pass	$	365,158	$	319,684	$	537,069	$	524,572	$	433,844	$	554,293	$	97,999	$	609	$	2,833,228
Pass-Watch		18,937		8,575		66,286		5,547		2,695		29,078		3,727		721		135,566
Special Mention		4,417		410		6,759		3,756		—		2,559		—		—		17,901
Substandard		1,322		2,630		5,574		1,563		1,248		12,923		—		—		25,260
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	389,834	$	331,299	$	615,688	$	535,438	$	437,787	$	598,853	$	101,726	$	1,330	$	3,011,955
Gross Charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	131	$	—	$	—	$	12	$	—	$	—	$	143
Commercial Real Estate - Income Producing:
Pass	$	416,947	$	453,428	$	975,075	$	750,907	$	494,925	$	501,389	$	31,673	$	1,637	$	3,625,981
Pass-Watch		2,586		7,005		43,221		9,399		20,694		16,354		220		159		99,638
Special Mention		20,292		—		1,986		—		—		—		—		—		22,278
Substandard		1,818		18,189		8,604		2,210		19,731		163		—		—		50,715
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	441,643	$	478,622	$	1,028,886	$	762,516	$	535,350	$	517,906	$	31,893	$	1,796	$	3,798,612
Gross Charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	8,819	$	—	$	—	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	8,822
Construction and Land Development:
Pass	$	237,136	$	418,002	$	296,286	$	103,259	$	33,519	$	14,477	$	102,694	$	2,031	$	1,207,404
Pass-Watch		624		2,279		62,415		391		30		323		159		—		66,221
Special Mention		1,014		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,014
Substandard		324		796		1,576		3,554		26		200		—		—		6,476
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	239,098	$	421,077	$	360,277	$	107,204	$	33,575	$	15,000	$	102,853	$	2,031	$	1,281,115
Gross Charge-offs	$	—	$	113	$	94	$	30	$	—	$	20	$	—	$	7	$	264
Residential Mortgage:
Performing	$	161,019	$	422,269	$	1,068,191	$	882,918	$	447,690	$	932,182	$	2,772	$	201	$	3,917,242
Nonperforming		327		7,724		10,974		6,687		1,199		17,175		—		—		44,086
Total	$	161,346	$	429,993	$	1,079,165	$	889,605	$	448,889	$	949,357	$	2,772	$	201	$	3,961,328
Gross Charge-offs	$	—	$	57	$	189	$	2	$	—	$	132	$	—	$	—	$	380
Consumer Loans:
Performing	$	56,983	$	39,301	$	35,320	$	20,397	$	15,035	$	41,299	$	1,120,027	$	30,296	$	1,358,658
Nonperforming		51		46		320		639		767		3,442		535		5,387		11,187
Total	$	57,034	$	39,347	$	35,640	$	21,036	$	15,802	$	44,741	$	1,120,562	$	35,683	$	1,369,845
Gross Charge-offs	$	92	$	1,733	$	2,474	$	1,173	$	180	$	985	$	8,826	$	2,524	$	17,987

Total Commercial [Member]

Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]

Credit Quality Indicators by Segment and Portfolio Class

The following tables present the credit quality indicators by segment and portfolio class of loans at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. The Company routinely assesses the ratings of loans in its portfolio through an established and comprehensive portfolio management process.

	June 30, 2025
($ in thousands)	Commercial Non-Real Estate		Commercial Real Estate - Owner- Occupied		Total Commercial and Industrial		Commercial Real Estate - Income Producing		Construction and Land Development		Total Commercial
Grade:
Pass	$	9,086,476	$	2,949,603	$	12,036,079	$	3,774,472	$	1,126,875	$	16,937,426
Pass-Watch		218,287		138,584		356,871		104,507		88,589		549,967
Special Mention		185,754		26,017		211,771		10,586		322		222,679
Substandard		270,216		21,978		292,194		50,744		3,728		346,666
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	9,760,733	$	3,136,182	$	12,896,915	$	3,940,309	$	1,219,514	$	18,056,738

	December 31, 2024
($ in thousands)	Commercial Non-Real Estate		Commercial Real Estate - Owner- Occupied		Total Commercial and Industrial		Commercial Real Estate - Income Producing		Construction and Land Development		Total Commercial
Grade:
Pass	$	9,157,232	$	2,833,228	$	11,990,460	$	3,625,981	$	1,207,404	$	16,823,845
Pass-Watch		219,975		135,566		355,541		99,638		66,221		521,400
Special Mention		149,705		17,901		167,606		22,278		1,014		190,898
Substandard		349,680		25,260		374,940		50,715		6,476		432,131
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	9,876,592	$	3,011,955	$	12,888,547	$	3,798,612	$	1,281,115	$	17,968,274

Residential Mortgage and Consumer [Member]

Accounts Notes And Loans Receivable [Line Items]

Credit Quality Indicators by Segment and Portfolio Class

	June 30, 2025						December 31, 2024
($ in thousands)	Residential Mortgage		Consumer		Total		Residential Mortgage		Consumer		Total
Performing	$	4,016,007	$	1,337,445	$	5,353,452	$	3,917,242	$	1,358,658	$	5,275,900
Nonperforming		41,300		10,260		51,560		44,086		11,187		55,273
Total	$	4,057,307	$	1,347,705	$	5,405,012	$	3,961,328	$	1,369,845	$	5,331,173