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Loan and Allowance for Loan Losses
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
Loans And Leases Receivable Disclosure  
Loans and leases receivable disclosure [Text Block]

NOTE 5: LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

 

       March 31,  December 31,
(In thousands)  2013  2012
Commercial and industrial $55,736 $59,334
Construction and land development  41,104  37,631
Commercial real estate:      
 Owner occupied  64,849  64,368
 Other  114,144  119,243
  Total commercial real estate  178,993  183,611
Residential real estate:      
 Consumer mortgage  57,804  58,087
 Investment property  45,174  47,544
  Total residential real estate  102,978  105,631
Consumer installment  12,026  12,219
  Total loans  390,837  398,426
Less: unearned income  (267)  (233)
  Loans, net of unearned income $390,570 $398,193

Loans secured by real estate were approximately 82.7% of the Company's total loan portfolio at March 31, 2013. At March 31, 2013, the Company's geographic loan distribution was concentrated primarily in Lee County, Alabama and surrounding areas.

 

In accordance with ASC 310, a portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic method for determining its allowance for loan losses. As part of the Company's quarterly assessment of the allowance, the loan portfolio is disaggregated into the following portfolio segments: commercial and industrial, construction and land development, commercial real estate, residential real estate and consumer installment. Where appropriate, the Company's loan portfolio segments are further disaggregated into classes. A class is generally determined based on the initial measurement attribute, risk characteristics of the loan, and an entity's method for monitoring and determining credit risk.

 

The following describe the risk characteristics relevant to each of the portfolio segments and classes.

 

Commercial and industrial (“C&I”) includes loans to finance business operations, equipment purchases, or other needs for small and medium-sized commercial customers. Also included in this category are loans to finance agricultural production. Generally the primary source of repayment is the cash flow from business operations and activities of the borrower.

 

Construction and land development (“C&D”) includes both loans and credit lines for the purpose of purchasing, carrying and developing land into commercial developments or residential subdivisions. Also included are loans and lines for construction of residential, multi-family and commercial buildings. Generally the primary source of repayment is dependent upon the sale or refinance of the real estate collateral.

 

Commercial real estate (“CRE”) — includes loans disaggregated into two classes: (1) owner occupied and (2) other.

 

  • Owner occupied – includes loans secured by business facilities to finance business operations, equipment and owner-occupied facilities primarily for small and medium-sized commercial customers. Generally the primary source of repayment is the cash flow from business operations and activities of the borrower, who owns the property.

     

  • Other – primarily includes loans to finance income-producing commercial and multi-family properties that are not owner occupied. Loans in this class include loans for neighborhood retail centers, hotels, medical and professional offices, single retail stores, industrial buildings, warehouses and apartments leased generally to local businesses and residents. Generally the primary source of repayment is dependent upon income generated from the real estate collateral. The underwriting of these loans takes into consideration the occupancy and rental rates, as well as the financial health of the borrower.

     

    Residential real estate (“RRE”) — includes loans disaggregated into two classes: (1) consumer mortgage and (2) investment property.

     

  • Consumer mortgage – primarily includes first or second lien mortgages and home equity lines of credit to consumers that are secured by a primary residence or second home. These loans are underwritten in accordance with the Bank's general loan policies and procedures which require, among other things, proper documentation of each borrower's financial condition, satisfactory credit history and property value.

     

  • Investment property – primarily includes loans to finance income-producing 1-4 family residential properties. Generally the primary source of repayment is dependent upon income generated from leasing the property securing the loan. The underwriting of these loans takes into consideration the rental rates and property value, as well as the financial health of the borrower.

 

Consumer installment — includes loans to individuals both secured by personal property and unsecured. Loans include personal lines of credit, automobile loans, and other retail loans. These loans are underwritten in accordance with the Bank's general loan policies and procedures which require, among other things, proper documentation of each borrower's financial condition, satisfactory credit history, and if applicable, property value.

 

The following is a summary of current, accruing past due and nonaccrual loans by portfolio segment and class as of March 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012.

         AccruingAccruingTotal    
         30-89 DaysGreater thanAccruingNon-  Total
(In thousands) CurrentPast Due90 daysLoansAccrual  Loans
March 31, 2013:          
Commercial and industrial $ 55,630 47 55,677 59 $ 55,736
Construction and land development   39,354 135 39,489 1,615   41,104
Commercial real estate:          
 Owner occupied   63,668 63,668 1,181   64,849
 Other   113,715 113,715 429   114,144
  Total commercial real estate   177,383 177,383 1,610   178,993
Residential real estate:          
 Consumer mortgage   56,557 190 56,747 1,057   57,804
 Investment property   44,559 213 44,772 402   45,174
  Total residential real estate   101,116 403 101,519 1,459   102,978
Consumer installment   11,985 36 12,021 5   12,026
  Total $ 385,468 621 386,089 4,748 $ 390,837

                
December 31, 2012:          
Commercial and industrial $ 59,101 173 59,274 60 $ 59,334
Construction and land development   35,917 8 35,925 1,706   37,631
Commercial real estate:          
 Owner occupied   63,323 63,323 1,045   64,368
 Other   113,344 230 113,574 5,669   119,243
  Total commercial real estate   176,667 230 176,897 6,714   183,611
Residential real estate:          
 Consumer mortgage   55,521 1,202 58 56,781 1,306   58,087
 Investment property   46,460 335 46,795 749   47,544
  Total residential real estate   101,981 1,537 58 103,576 2,055   105,631
Consumer installment   12,157 62 12,219   12,219
  Total $ 385,823 2,010 58 387,891 10,535 $ 398,426
                
                

Allowance for Loan Losses

 

The Company assesses the adequacy of its allowance for loan losses prior to the end of each calendar quarter. The level of the allowance is based upon management's evaluation of the loan portfolio, past loan loss experience, current asset quality trends, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect a borrower's ability to repay (including the timing of future payment), the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, economic conditions, industry and peer bank loan loss rates and other pertinent factors, including regulatory recommendations. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates including the amounts and timing of future cash flows expected to be received on impaired loans that may be susceptible to significant change. Loans are charged off, in whole or in part, when management believes that the full collectability of the loan is unlikely. A loan may be partially charged-off after a “confirming event” has occurred which serves to validate that full repayment pursuant to the terms of the loan is unlikely.

 

 The Company deems loans impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Collection of all amounts due according to the contractual terms means that both the interest and principal payments of a loan will be collected as scheduled in the loan agreement.

An impairment allowance is recognized if the fair value of the loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan. The impairment is recognized through the allowance. Loans that are impaired are recorded at the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, or if the loan is collateral dependent, impairment measurement is based on the fair value of the collateral, less estimated disposal costs.

The level of allowance maintained is believed by management to be adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in the portfolio at the balance sheet date. The allowance is increased by provisions charged to expense and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.

In assessing the adequacy of the allowance, the Company also considers the results of its ongoing internal and independent loan review processes. The Company's loan review process assists in determining whether there are loans in the portfolio whose credit quality has weakened over time and evaluating the risk characteristics of the entire loan portfolio. The Company's loan review process includes the judgment of management, the input from our independent loan reviewers, and reviews that may have been conducted by bank regulatory agencies as part of their examination process. The Company incorporates loan review results in the determination of whether or not it is probable that it will be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of a loan.

As part of the Company's quarterly assessment of the allowance, management divides the loan portfolio into five segments: commercial and industrial, construction and land development, commercial real estate, residential real estate, and consumer installment loans. The Company analyzes each segment and estimates an allowance allocation for each loan segment.

The allocation of the allowance for loan losses begins with a process of estimating the probable losses inherent for these types of loans. The estimates for these loans are established by category and based on the Company's internal system of credit risk ratings and historical loss data. The estimated loan loss allocation rate for the Company's internal system of credit risk grades is based on its experience with similarly graded loans. For loan segments where the Company believes it does not have sufficient historical loss data, the Company may make adjustments based, in part, on loss rates of peer bank groups. At March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012, and for the periods then ended, the Company adjusted its historical loss rates for the commercial real estate portfolio segment based, in part, on loss rates of peer bank groups.

The estimated loan loss allocation for all five loan portfolio segments is then adjusted for management's estimate of probable losses for several “qualitative and environmental” factors. The allocation for qualitative and environmental factors is particularly subjective and does not lend itself to exact mathematical calculation. This amount represents estimated probable inherent credit losses which exist, but have not yet been identified, as of the balance sheet date, and are based upon quarterly trend assessments in delinquent and nonaccrual loans, credit concentration changes, prevailing economic conditions, changes in lending personnel experience, changes in lending policies or procedures and other influencing factors. These qualitative and environmental factors are considered for each of the five loan segments and the allowance allocation, as determined by the processes noted above, is increased or decreased based on the incremental assessment of these factors.

The following table details the changes in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the respective periods.

   March 31, 2013
(In thousands)Commercial and industrial Construction and land development Commercial real estate Residential real estate Consumer installment   Total
Quarter ended:              
Beginning balance$812 1,545 3,137 1,126 103  $ 6,723
Charge-offs (68)  (39)  (266) (17)   (390)
Recoveries 12  5 13 6    36
 Net (charge-offs) recoveries (56) (39) 5 (253) (11)   (354)
Provision (187) 113 429 12 33   400
Ending balance$ 569  1,619  3,571  885  125  $ 6,769

   March 31, 2012
(In thousands)Commercial and industrial Construction and land development Commercial real estate Residential real estate Consumer installment   Total
Quarter ended:              
Beginning balance$948 1,470 3,009 1,363 129    6,919
Charge-offs    (33) (7)  $(40)
Recoveries 3   6 8  $17
 Net recoveries (charge-offs) 3   (27) 1   (23)
Provision (106) (31) 807 (4) (66)  $600
Ending balance$845 1,439 3,816 1,332 64  $ 7,496

The following table presents an analysis of the allowance for loan losses and recorded investment in loans by portfolio segment and impairment methodology as of March 31, 2013 and 2012.

 

 

       Collectively evaluated (1) Individually evaluated (2) Total
       AllowanceRecorded AllowanceRecorded AllowanceRecorded
       for loaninvestment for loaninvestment for loaninvestment
(In thousands) lossesin loans lossesin loans lossesin loans
March 31, 2013:         
Commercial and industrial$ 569 55,576  160  569 55,736
Construction and land development  1,498 39,489  121 1,615  1,619 41,104
Commercial real estate  3,327 176,492  244 2,501  3,571 178,993
Residential real estate  801 101,861  84 1,117  885 102,978
Consumer installment  125 12,026   125 12,026
  Total$ 6,320 385,444  449 5,393  6,769 390,837

March 31, 2012:         
Commercial and industrial$ 845 56,598  206  845 56,804
Construction and land development  1,118 29,960  321 4,390  1,439 34,350
Commercial real estate  2,509 169,051  1,307 4,214  3,816 173,265
Residential real estate  996 103,596  336 1,587  1,332 105,183
Consumer installment  64 10,953   64 10,953
  Total$ 5,532 370,158  1,964 10,397  7,496 380,555
               
(1)Represents loans collectively evaluated for impairment in accordance with ASC 450-20, Loss Contingencies (formerly FAS 5), and
 pursuant to amendments by ASU 2010-20 regarding allowance for unimpaired loans.
(2)Represents loans individually evaluated for impairment in accordance with ASC 310-30, Receivables (formerly FAS 114), and
 pursuant to amendments by ASU 2010-20 regarding allowance for impaired loans.

Credit Quality Indicators

The credit quality of the loan portfolio is summarized no less frequently than quarterly using categories similar to the standard asset classification system used by the federal banking agencies. The following table presents credit quality indicators for the loan portfolio segments and classes. These categories are utilized to develop the associated allowance for loan losses using historical losses adjusted for current economic conditions and are defined as follows:

  • Pass – loans which are well protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor (or guarantors, if any) or by the fair value, less cost to acquire and sell, of any underlying collateral.
  • Special Mention – loans with potential weakness that may, if not reversed or corrected, weaken the credit or inadequately protect the Company's position at some future date. These loans are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant an adverse classification.
  • Substandard Accruing – loans that exhibit a well-defined weakness which presently jeopardizes debt repayment, even though they are currently performing. These loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company may incur a loss in the future if these weaknesses are not corrected;
  • Nonaccrual – includes loans where management has determined that full payment of principal and interest is in doubt.

 

         March 31, 2013
(In thousands)  Pass  Special Mention Substandard Accruing Nonaccrual  Total loans
Commercial and industrial$ 54,954  168  555  59 $ 55,736
Construction and land development  37,992  209  1,288  1,615   41,104
Commercial real estate:           
 Owner occupied  61,393  767  1,508  1,181   64,849
 Other  111,875  505  1,335  429   114,144
  Total commercial real estate  173,268  1,272  2,843  1,610   178,993
Residential real estate:           
 Consumer mortgage  49,616  1,159  5,972  1,057   57,804
 Investment property  41,781  1,024  1,967  402   45,174
  Total residential real estate  91,397  2,183  7,939  1,459   102,978
Consumer installment  11,797  27  197  5   12,026
  Total$ 369,408  3,859  12,822  4,748 $ 390,837

         December 31, 2012
(In thousands)  Pass  Special Mention Substandard Accruing Nonaccrual  Total loans
Commercial and industrial$ 58,487  224  563  60 $ 59,334
Construction and land development  34,490  310  1,125  1,706   37,631
Commercial real estate:           
 Owner occupied  59,270  2,528  1,525  1,045   64,368
 Other  111,719  653  1,202  5,669   119,243
  Total commercial real estate  170,989  3,181  2,727  6,714   183,611
Residential real estate:           
 Consumer mortgage  49,462  1,544  5,775  1,306   58,087
 Investment property  43,559  1,033  2,203  749   47,544
  Total residential real estate  93,021  2,577  7,978  2,055   105,631
Consumer installment  11,850  155  214    12,219
  Total$ 368,837  6,447  12,607  10,535 $ 398,426

Impaired loans

 

The following tables present details related to the Company's impaired loans. Loans which have been fully charged-off do not appear in the following table. The related allowance generally represents the following components which correspond to impaired loans:

  • Individually evaluated impaired loans equal to or greater than $500,000 secured by real estate (nonaccrual construction and land development, commercial real estate, and residential real estate loans).
  • Individually evaluated impaired loans equal to or greater than $250,000 not secured by real estate (nonaccrual commercial and industrial and consumer installment loans).

 

The following tables set forth certain information regarding the Company's impaired loans that were individually evaluated for impairment at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

             
       March 31, 2013
(In thousands) Unpaid principal balance (1)Charge-offs and payments applied (2)Recorded investment (3)  Related allowance
With no allowance recorded:
Commercial and industrial$160160   
Construction and land development 2,879(1,682)1,197   
Commercial real estate:       
 Owner occupied 354(47)307   
 Other 513(84)429   
  Total commercial real estate 867(131)736   
Residential real estate:       
 Consumer mortgages 966(164)802   
 Investment property 211(25)186   
  Total residential real estate 1,177(189)988   
  Total $ 5,083 (2,002) 3,081 
With allowance recorded: 
Construction and land development$467(49)418 $121
Commercial real estate:       
 Owner occupied 1,7651,765  244
  Total commercial real estate 1,7651,765  244
Residential real estate:       
 Investment property 132(3)129  84
  Total residential real estate 132(3)129  84
  Total $ 2,364 (52) 2,312 $ 449
  Total impaired loans$ 7,447 (2,054) 5,393 $ 449
             
(1) Unpaid principal balance represents the contractual obligation due from the customer.
(2) Charge-offs and payments applied represents cumulative charge-offs taken, as well as interest payments that have been
 applied against the outstanding principal balance subsequent to the loans being placed on nonaccrual status.
(3) Recorded investment represents the unpaid principal balance less charge-offs and payments applied; it is shown before
  any related allowance for loan losses.

       December 31, 2012
(In thousands) Unpaid principal balance (1)Charge-offs and payments applied (2)Recorded investment (3)  Related allowance
With no allowance recorded:
Commercial and industrial$169169   
Construction and land development 2,879(1,682)1,197   
Commercial real estate:       
 Owner occupied 787(212)575   
 Other 7,914(1,862)6,052   
  Total commercial real estate 8,701(2,074)6,627   
Residential real estate:       
 Consumer mortgages 971(152)819   
 Investment property 508(110)398   
  Total residential real estate 1,479(262)1,217   
  Total $13,228(4,018)9,210 
With allowance recorded: 
Construction and land development$471(45)426 $129
Commercial real estate:       
 Owner occupied 899899  134
  Total commercial real estate 899899  134
Residential real estate:       
  Total $ 1,370 (45) 1,325 $ 263
  Total impaired loans$ 14,598 (4,063) 10,535 $ 263
             
(1) Unpaid principal balance represents the contractual obligation due from the customer.
(2) Charge-offs and payments applied represents cumulative charge-offs taken, as well as interest payments that have been
 applied against the outstanding principal balance subsequent to the loans being placed on nonaccrual status.
(3) Recorded investment represents the unpaid principal balance less charge-offs and payments applied; it is shown before
  any related allowance for loan losses.

The following table provides the average recorded investment in impaired loans and the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans after impairment by portfolio segment and class during the respective periods.

 

       Quarter ended March 31, 2013  Quarter ended March 31, 2012
        Average Total interest   Average Total interest
        recorded income   recorded income
(In thousands)  investment recognized   investment recognized
Impaired loans:       
Commercial and industrial $164 $3  $211 $4
Construction and land development  1,619     4,902  
Commercial real estate:             
 Owner occupied  2,044  14   2,570  17
 Other  3,004     1,691  
  Total commercial real estate  5,048  14   4,261  17
Residential real estate:             
 Consumer mortgages  811     894  
 Investment property  305     463  
  Total residential real estate  1,116     1,357  
  Total  $ 7,947 $ 17  $ 10,731 $ 21

Troubled Debt Restructurings

 

Impaired loans also include troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). In the normal course of business, management may grant concessions to borrowers that are experiencing financial difficulty. A concession may include, but is not limited to, reduction of the stated interest rate of the loan, reduction of accrued interest, extension of the maturity date or reduction of the face amount or maturity amount of the debt. A concession has been granted when, as a result of the restructuring, the Bank does not expect to collect all amounts due, including interest at the original stated rate. A concession may have also been granted if the debtor is not able to access funds elsewhere at a market rate for debt with similar risk characteristics as the restructured debt. The Company's determination of whether a loan modification is a TDR, the Company considers the individual facts and circumstances surrounding each modification. As part of the credit approval process, the restructured loans are evaluated for adequate collateral protection in determining the appropriate accrual status at the time of restructure.

 

Similar to other impaired loans, TDRs are measured for impairment based on the present value of expected payments using the loan's original effective interest rate as the discount rate, or the fair value of the collateral, less selling costs if the loan is collateral dependent. If the recorded investment in the loan exceeds the measure of fair value, impairment is recognized by establishing a valuation allowance as part of the allowance for loan losses or a charge-off to the allowance for loan losses. In periods subsequent to the modification, all TDRs are evaluated, including those that have payment defaults, for possible impairment.

 

The following is a summary of accruing and nonaccrual TDRs, which are included in impaired loan totals, and the related allowance for loan losses, by portfolio segment and class as of March 31, 2013, and December 31, 2012.

 

       TDRs
            Related
(In thousands) AccruingNonaccrualTotal  Allowance
March 31, 2013       
Commercial and industrial$160160 $
Construction and land development 1,6151,615  121
Commercial real estate:       
 Owner occupied 8913071,198  126
 Other 429429  
  Total commercial real estate 8917361,627  126
Residential real estate:       
 Consumer mortgages 802802  84
 Investment property 315315  
  Total residential real estate 1,1171,117  84
  Total $ 1,051 3,468 4,519 $ 331

December 31, 2012  
Commercial and industrial$169169 $
Construction and land development 1,6231,623  129
Commercial real estate:       
 Owner occupied 8991,0451,944  134
 Other 432432  
  Total commercial real estate 8991,4772,376  134
Residential real estate:       
 Consumer mortgages 819819  
 Investment property 188188  
  Total residential real estate 1,0071,007  
  Total $1,0684,1075,175 $263

At March 31, 2013, there were no significant outstanding commitments to advance additional funds to customers whose loans had been restructured.

 

The following table summarizes loans modified in a TDR during the respective periods both before and after their modification.

      Quarter ended March 31, 2013  Quarter ended March 31, 2012
         Pre- Post -     Pre- Post -
         modification modification     modification modification
      Number  outstanding outstanding  Number  outstanding outstanding
      of  recorded recorded  of  recorded recorded
(Dollars in thousands)contracts  investment investment  contracts  investment investment
TDRs:        
Construction and land development $   2 $2,842 1,753
Commercial real estate:              
 Owner occupied     1  818 818
 Other1  431 431  2  1,804 1,657
  Total commercial real estate1  431 431  3  2,622 2,475
Residential real estate:              
 Consumer mortgages1  131 131     
  Total residential real estate1  131 131     
  Total 2 $ 562  562   5 $ 5,464  4,228

The majority of the loans modified in a TDR during the quarters ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, included permitting delays in required payments of principal and/or interest or where the only concession granted by the Company was that the interest rate at renewal was considered to be less than a market rate.

 

For the quarter ended March 31, 2012, decreases in the post modification outstanding recorded investment were primarily due to principal payments made by borrowers at the date of modification for construction and land development loans.

 

The following table summarizes the recorded investment in loans modified in a TDR within the previous 12 months for which there was a payment default (defined as 90 days or more past due) during the respective periods.

      Quarter ended March 31, 2013  Quarter ended March 31, 2012
      Number of  Recorded   Number of  Recorded 
(Dollars in thousands)Contracts  investment(1)   Contracts  investment(1) 
TDRs:        
Construction and land development 1 $ 1,197    1 $ 2,386 
  Total 1 $ 1,197    1 $ 2,386 
                  
(1) Amount as of applicable month end during the respective period for which there was a payment default.