2. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

QNB adopted ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, effective January 1, 2018. This ASU was issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) on January 5, 2016 to enhance the reporting model for financial instruments to address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. The FASB issued ASU 2018-03 in February 2018 which provides technical corrections and improvements to ASU 2016-01. QNB adopted the applicable requirements under these ASUs as follows:

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Equity investments with readily determinable fair values are measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income.

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Equity investments without readily determinable fair values must be measured at either fair value or at cost adjusted for changes in observable prices minus impairment. Changes in value under either of these methods would be recognized in net income. The Company chose to continue to measure equity investments without readily determinable fair value at cost adjusted for changes in observable prices minus impairment. The Company will reassess at each reporting period whether these equity investments without readily determinable fair values qualify to be measured in accordance with the practical expedient to estimate fair value. The Company can subsequently elect to measure these equity investments, if they qualify, at the estimated fair value under the practical expedient; but the election would be irrevocable. Any gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value would be recognized in net income.

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Entities must assess whether a valuation allowance is required for deferred tax assets related to available-for-sale debt securities.

QNB used the modified retrospective method for transition in which the cumulative effect will be recognized at the date of adoption with no restatement of comparative periods presented. QNB reclassified a net loss of $254,000 from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings on January 1, 2018. Based on an evaluation of our deferred tax asset and considering the effect of the new guidance, management believes that deferred tax assets related to AFS debt securities are realizable and no valuation allowance would be required. Management believes the potential effect of using exit versus entry price is most relevant for fair value disclosures of loans, which considers the impact of credit risk on fair value.

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (2017 Tax Reform Act) was enacted into law. The 2017 Tax Reform Act made significant changes to U.S. corporate income tax laws including a decrease in the corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The Company recorded less tax expense for the three and nine months periods of 2018 than in the comparable periods of 2017, with effective tax rates of 19.3% in 2018 compared to 26.9% in 2017 for the three months and 17.4% in 2018 compared to 27.2% in 2017 for the nine months, primarily a result of the 2017 Tax Reform Act.

QNB adopted ASU 2018-02, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 202) during the first quarter of 2018. The amendments in this ASU, issued by the FASB on February 2, 2018, affect any entity that is required to apply the provisions of Topic 220, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income, and has items of other comprehensive income for which the related tax effects are presented in other comprehensive income as required by GAAP. The amendments in this ASU allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the 2017 Tax Reform Act and eliminates the stranded tax effects resulting from the 2017 Tax Reform Act. The Company chose to early adopt the amendments in this update as permitted. QNB reclassified $805,000 from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings in the consolidated statement of shareholders’ equity during the first quarter of 2018.

QNB adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (ASC 606), effective January 1, 2018. Under ASU 2014-09, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised services in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those services. In addition, the standard requires disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. QNB applied the five-step method outlined in ASU 2014-09 to all revenue streams scoped-in by the ASU and elected the modified retrospective implementation method. Substantially all of QNB’s interest income and non-interest income were not impacted by the adoption of this ASU because either the revenue from those contracts with customers is covered by other guidance in U.S. GAAP or the revenue recognition outcomes were similar to our current revenue recognition practices. We reviewed non-interest sources of income and related contracts to document the impact of the new standard on our service offerings that are in the scope of the ASU including: service charges on deposits; ATM and debit card income; retail brokerage and advisory fees; merchant income; credit card income; sale of checks to depositors; miscellaneous fees; and sale of OREOs. Upon our analysis we concluded that the adoption of ASC 606 did not change the timing and pattern of revenue recognition related to scoped in non-interest income sources and only required additional disclosures. In addition, we reviewed, and where necessary, enhanced our business processes, systems and controls to support recognition and disclosures under the new standard.

The implementation of the guidance had no material impact on the measurement or recognition of revenue of prior periods, however, additional disclosures have been added in accordance with the ASU which can be found in Note 12 – Revenue Recognition from Contracts with Customers.

On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This new standard on accounting for leases introduces a lessee model that brings most leases on the balance sheet but recognizes expenses in the income statement similar to how items are recorded today. The new standard eliminates the requirement in current U.S. GAAP for an entity to use bright-line tests in determining lease classification. The ASU also eliminates the current real estate-specific provisions and changes the guidance on sale-leaseback transactions, initial direct costs and lease executory costs for all entities. All entities will classify leases to determine how to recognize the related revenue and expense and this classification will affect amounts that lessors record on the balance sheet. The new guidance will be effective for public companies for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted. In 2018, the FASB added a transition option for all entities to help reduce the cost and complexity of implementation. Under this transition option, entities can opt to not apply the new guidance, including disclosure requirements, in the comparative periods they present in their financial statements in the year of adoption. QNB does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-02 to have a material impact on net income; however, as of January 1, 2019, QNB expects to record a right of use asset of approximately $1,960,000, a finance lease liability of approximately $1,940,000, an operating lease liability of approximately $300,000, and the reversal of a deferred rent liability of approximately $280,000.

On June 16, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326). The new guidance requires organizations to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

To that end, the new guidance:

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Eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold in current U.S. GAAP and, instead, reflects an organization’s current estimate of all expected credit losses over the contractual term of its financial assets

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Broadens the information an entity can consider when measuring credit losses to include forward-looking information

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Increases usefulness of the financial statements by requiring timely inclusion of forecasted information in forming expectations of credit losses

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Increases comparability of purchased financial assets with credit deterioration (PCD assets) with other purchased assets that do not have credit deterioration as well as originated assets because credit losses that are expected will be recorded through an allowance for credit losses for all assets

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Increases users’ understanding of underwriting standards and credit quality trends by requiring additional information about credit quality indicators by year of origination (vintage)

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For available-for-sale debt securities, aligns the income statement recognition of credit losses with the reporting period in which changes occur by recording credit losses (and subsequent changes in credit losses) through an allowance rather than a write down

The new guidance affects organizations that hold financial assets and net investments in leases that are not accounted for at fair value with changes in fair value reported in net income. The new guidance affects loans, debt securities, trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance-sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assets not excluded from the scope that have the contractual right to receive cash.

For public business entities that are U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filers, the new guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application will be permitted for all organizations for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. QNB is evaluating the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements.

On March 30, 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. This ASU is intended to enhance the accounting for the amortization of premiums for purchased callable debt securities and will require premiums to be amortized to the earliest call date. For public companies, the ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. QNB does not anticipate this new standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements as it already uses the earliest call date to amortize premiums on callable debt securities.

On August 28, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. This ASU changes the fair value measurement disclosure requirements of ASC 820. The amendments in this ASU are the result of a broader disclosure project called FASB Concepts Statement, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting — Chapter 8: Notes to Financial Statements, which the FASB finalized on August 28, 2018. The FASB used the guidance in the Concepts Statement to improve the effectiveness of ASC 820’s disclosure requirements. New disclosure requirements include: 1) Changes in unrealized gains or losses included in other comprehensive income (OCI) for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period; and 2) Explicit requirement to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. Disclosure eliminated include: 1) Amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2; 2) Valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements; and 3) Policy for timing of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy. The ASU is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods therein. Early adoption is permitted for any eliminated or modified disclosures upon issuance of this ASU.