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Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policiies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(1) Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

EPL Oil & Gas, Inc. (“we,” “our,” “us,” or “the Company”) was incorporated as a Delaware corporation on January 29, 1998. We are an independent oil and natural gas exploration and production company. Our current operations are concentrated in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico shelf focusing on state and federal waters offshore Louisiana.  Effective September 1, 2012, we changed our legal corporate name from “Energy Partners, Ltd.” to “EPL Oil & Gas, Inc.” through a short-form merger pursuant to Section 253 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

On October 31, 2012, we acquired from Hilcorp Energy GOM Holdings, LLC (“Hilcorp”) 100% of the membership interests of Hilcorp Energy GOM, LLC (“Hilcorp Acquisition”), which owned certain shallow water Gulf of Mexico shelf oil and natural gas interests (the “Hilcorp Properties”) for $550.0 million in cash, subject to customary adjustments to reflect an economic effective date of July 1, 2012.   The Hilcorp Acquisition was financed with cash on hand, the net proceeds from the sale of $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 8.25% senior notes due 2018 (the “2012 Senior Notes”) and borrowings under our expanded senior secured credit facility. Also on October 31, 2012, we obtained an increase in our senior credit facility from $250.0 million to $750.0 million.  On May 15, 2012, we acquired an asset package consisting of certain shallow-water Gulf of Mexico shelf oil and natural gas interests in our South Timbalier 41 field located in the Gulf of Mexico for $32.4 million in cash, subject to customary adjustments to reflect an economic effective date of April 1, 2012 (the “ST41 Acquisition”).  As a result of the ST41 Acquisition, we have become the sole working interest owner of the South Timbalier 41 field.  We funded the ST41 Acquisition with cash on hand.  See Note 2, “Acquisitions” for more information regarding these acquisitions and Note 7, “Indebtedness” for more information regarding the 2012 Senior Notes and our expanded credit facility.

On February 14, 2011, we acquired an asset package consisting of certain shallow-water Gulf of Mexico shelf oil and natural gas interests surrounding the Mississippi River delta and a related gathering system from Anglo-Suisse Offshore Partners, LLC (“ASOP”) for $200.7 million in cash, subject to customary adjustments to reflect an economic effective date of January 1, 2011 (the “ASOP Acquisition”). In connection with the ASOP Acquisition, on February 14, 2011, we issued $210.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 8.25% senior notes due 2018 (the “2011 Senior Notes”) and we entered into our senior credit facility. On November 17, 2011, we acquired additional interests in the Main Pass 296/311 complex that was included in the ASOP Acquisition along with other unit interests in the Main Pass complex and an interest in a Main Pass 295 primary term lease for $38.6 million in cash, subject to customary adjustments to reflect an economic effective date of November 1, 2011 (the “Main Pass Acquisition”). See Note 2, “Acquisitions” for more information regarding these acquisitions and Note 7, “Indebtedness” for more information regarding the 2011 Senior Notes.

A summary of significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements is set forth below.

(a) Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of EPL Oil & Gas, Inc. and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. Our interests in oil and natural gas exploration and production ventures and partnerships are proportionately consolidated. 

(b) Property and Equipment

We use the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and natural gas producing activities. Costs to acquire mineral interests in oil and natural gas properties, to drill and equip exploratory wells that find proved reserves, and to drill and equip development wells are capitalized. Exploratory drilling costs are initially capitalized, but charged to expense if and when the well is determined not to have found reserves in commercial quantities. We may capitalize exploratory well costs beyond one year if (a) we found a sufficient quantity of reserves to justify its completion as a producing well and (b) we are making sufficient progress assessing the reserves and the economic and operating viability of the project; otherwise, these costs are expensed. Geological and geophysical costs are charged to expense as incurred.

 Leasehold acquisition costs are capitalized. If proved reserves are found on an undeveloped property, leasehold costs are transferred to proved properties. For individual unevaluated properties with capitalized costs below a threshold amount, we allocate capitalized costs to earnings generally over the primary lease terms. Properties that are subject to amortization and those with capitalized costs greater than the threshold amount are assessed for impairment periodically. Capitalized costs of producing oil and natural gas properties are depreciated and depleted by the units-of-production method.

We evaluate our capitalized costs of proved oil and natural gas properties for potential impairment when circumstances indicate that the carrying values may not be recoverable. The need to test a property for impairment can be based on several factors, including a significant reduction in sales prices for oil and/or natural gas, unfavorable adjustments to reserve volumes, or other changes to contracts, environmental regulations or tax laws. The calculation is performed on a field-by-field basis, utilizing our current estimates of future revenues and operating expenses. In the event net undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying value, an impairment loss is recorded based on the present value of expected future net cash flows over the economic lives of the reserves.

On the sale or retirement of a complete unit of a proved property, the cost and related accumulated depletion, depreciation and amortization are eliminated from the property accounts, along with the related asset retirement obligations, unless retained by us, and the resulting gain or loss is recognized in earnings.

(c) Asset Retirement Obligations

We record our obligations associated with the retirement of tangible long-lived assets at their fair values in the period incurred. The fair value of the obligation is also recorded to the related asset’s carrying amount. Accretion of the liability is recognized as an operating expense and the capitalized cost is amortized using the units-of-production method. We revise our estimates of asset retirement obligations as information about material changes to the liability becomes known. Revisions are recorded as adjustments to existing liabilities and to the carrying amount of the related assets. Revisions occurring at or near the end of an asset’s useful life may materially impact earnings. Our asset retirement obligations relate primarily to the plugging and abandonment of our oil and natural gas wellbores and to decommissioning related pipelines, facilities and structures.

(d) Income Taxes

We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires that we recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis amounts. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. We recognize the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in the tax rates in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

We follow the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which apply to the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribe a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. These provisions also contain guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties. Interest, if any, is classified as a component of interest expense, and statutory penalties, if any, are classified as a component of general and administrative expense.

(e) Deferred Financing Costs

We defer costs incurred to obtain debt financing and then amortize such costs as additional interest expense over the maturity period of the related debt.

(f) Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. According to GAAP, we have determined that our unvested restricted share awards, which contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends, are participating securities and should be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the “two-class” method. The “two-class” method allocates undistributed earnings between common shares and participating securities. The diluted earnings per share calculation under the “two-class” method also includes the effect, if dilutive, of potential common shares associated with stock option awards outstanding during each period. The dilutive effect of stock options is determined using the treasury stock method.

 (g) Revenue Recognition

We record revenues from the sales of oil and natural gas when the product is delivered at a determinable price, title has transferred and collectability is reasonably assured. When we have an interest with other producers in properties from which natural gas is produced, we use the entitlement method for recording natural gas sales revenue. Under this method of accounting, revenue is recorded based on our net revenue interest in production. Deliveries of natural gas in excess of our revenue interest are recorded as liabilities and under-deliveries are recorded as receivables. We had natural gas imbalance liabilities of $1.7 million and $1.6 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We had natural gas imbalance receivables of $0.8 million and $1.0 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

(h) Cash and Cash Equivalents

We include in cash and cash equivalents our highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, cash and cash equivalents includes investments in overnight interest-bearing deposits of $2.3 million and $51.8 million, respectively. These amounts are reduced by overdraft balances on other operating accounts with legal right of offset in the same banking institution to arrive at the cash and cash equivalent balances reported in our consolidated balance sheets.

(i) Derivative Activities

Derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, are recorded at fair value and included as either assets or liabilities in the balance sheet. The accounting for changes in fair value depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting designation, which is established at the inception of the derivative. We do not elect to designate derivative instruments as hedges. Unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value of derivative instruments are recorded in other income (expense). Realized gains and losses related to contract settlements are also recorded in other income (expense).

(j) Share-Based Compensation

We recognize share-based compensation expense based on the estimated grant-date fair value of all share-based awards, net of an estimated forfeiture rate, over the requisite service period of the awards, which is generally equivalent to the vesting term. We record share-based compensation expense only for those awards expected to vest. We periodically revise our estimated forfeiture rate if actual forfeitures differ from our estimates.

We are required to report excess tax benefits from the exercise of stock options as financing cash flows. For the year ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, no excess tax benefits were reported in the statement of cash flows as we were in a net operating loss carryforward position. No stock options were exercised during 2010. See Note 12 for additional disclosures.

(k) Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

We routinely assess the recoverability of all material trade and other receivables to determine their collectability. Our crude oil and natural gas revenue receivables are typically collected within two months. We may have the ability to withhold future revenue disbursements to recover any non-payment of joint interest receivables on properties where we are the operator. When we believe collection of the full amount of our accounts receivable is in doubt, we record an allowance to reflect accounts receivable at the net realizable value, which may be reflected in earnings or as an increase to the net book value of our oil and natural gas properties depending on the nature of the transaction that created the receivable. The nature of the transaction resulting in the receivable balance determines whether the allowance, when recorded, impacts our earnings (ordinarily through LOE) or our property and equipment balances. As of December 31, 2012, our allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.7 million, $0.1 million of which was recorded as a recovery in earnings in 2012. As of December 31, 2011, our allowance for doubtful accounts was $1.7 million, $0.5 million of which was recorded as a recovery in earnings in 2011.

(l) Accrued Expenses

As of December 31, 2012, our accrued expenses included accrued exploration costs, development costs and lease operating expenses totaling approximately $84.9 million, other accrued expenses of $16.3 million and interest payable of approximately $16.2 million. As of December 31, 2011, our accrued expenses included accrued exploration costs, development costs and lease operating expenses totaling approximately $39.5 million, other accrued expenses of $12.5 million and interest payable of approximately $6.5 million.

(m) Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Certain accounting policies involve judgments and uncertainties to such an extent that there is reasonable likelihood that materially different amounts could have been reported under different conditions, or if different assumptions had been used. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on a regular basis. We use historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances to form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions used in preparation of our financial statements. Significant estimates with regard to these financial statements and related unaudited disclosures include the estimate of proved oil and natural gas reserve quantities and the related present value of estimated future net cash flows therefrom disclosed in Note 15.

(n) New Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-11, “Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities” (“ASU 2011-11”). ASU 2011-11 requires disclosure of information about offsetting and related arrangements to enable users of financial statements to understand the effect or potential effect of netting arrangements on an entity’s financial position, including the effect or potential effect of rights of setoff associated with certain financial instruments and derivative instruments. In January 2013, the FASB issued ASU No. 2013-01, “Balance Sheet (Topic 210): Clarifying the Scope of Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities,” to clarify that ASU 2011-11 applies to derivatives, repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions.  The required disclosures are effective for our annual report for the year ending December 31, 2013 and for interim periods within that year. We have not yet completed our review of the required disclosures; however, we expect to enhance our disclosures related to our derivative instruments in accordance with the requirements of ASU 2011-1