Restructuring and other

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2020

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring and other

Restructuring and other

Restructuring and other includes charges or expenses attributable to: (i) employee severance; (ii) management restructuring and related costs; (iii) restructuring and integration; (iv) cost savings initiatives; (v) major litigation; and (vi) acquisition costs and other unusual items. The following table summarizes pre-tax restructuring and other costs for the periods presented:

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Employee severance and related(1)	$	9	$	3	$	39	$	8
Contingent consideration adjustment	—		—		—		2
Restructuring, integration and other	11		8		19		14
Total	$	20	$	11	$	58	$	24
(1) The three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 includes $7 million and $31 million, respectively, in severance and other benefits granted to employees as a result of COVID-19 related austerity measures.