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Note 10 - Stockholders' Equity
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Notes to Financial Statements  
Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]
10.
STOCKHOLDERS
’ EQUITY
 
In
September 2015,
the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) a
$75
million shelf registration statement on Form S-
3
(the
2015
Shelf Registration Statement) (File
No.
333
-
206789
) that allows the Company to issue any combination of common stock, preferred stock or warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock.
  This shelf registration was declared effective on
September 25, 2015.
 
At the
2016
Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Company in
June 2016,
the Company
’s stockholders of the Company approved an increase in the number of the authorized shares of the Company’s common stock from
75,000,000
shares to
112,500,000
shares. The number of the authorized shares of preferred stock remains
100,000
shares. The aggregate number of shares of all classes of stock that the Company
may
issue, after giving effect to such amendment as approved by the stockholders, will be
112,600,000
shares.
 
Reverse Stock Split
 
 
On
May 26, 2017,
the Company effected a
14
-for-
1
reverse stock split of its common stock which was made effective for trading purposes as of the commencement of trading on
May 30, 2017.
As of that date, each
14
shares of issued and outstanding common stock and equivalents was consolidated into
one
share
of common stock. All shares have been restated to reflect the effects of the
14
-for-
1
reverse stock split. In addition, at the market open on
May 30, 2017,
the Company’s common stock started trading under a new CUSIP number
15117N503
although the Company’s ticker symbol, CLSN, remained unchanged.
 
The reverse stock split was previously approved by the Company
’s stockholders at the
2017
Annual Meeting held on
May 16, 2017,
and the Company subsequently filed a Certificate of Amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation to effect the stock consolidation. The primary reasons for the reverse stock split and the amendment are:
 
 
 
To increase the market price of the Company’s common stock making it more attractive to a broader range of institutional and other investors, and
 
To provide the Company with additional capital resources and flexibility sufficient to execute its business plans including the establishment of strategic relationships with other companies and to ensure its ability to raise additional capital as necessary. 
  
Immediately prior to the reverse stock split, the Company had
56,982,418
shares of c ommon stock outstanding which consolidated into
4,070,172
shares of the Company
’s common stock.
No
fractional shares were issued in connection with the reverse stock split. Holders of fractional shares have been paid out in cash for the fractional portion with the Company’s overall exposure for such payouts consisting of a nominal amount. The number of outstanding options and warrants were adjusted accordingly, with outstanding options being reduced from approximately
2.4
million to approximately
0.2
million and outstanding warrants being reduced from approximately
33.5
million to approximately
2.4
million. 
 
October 2017
Underwritten Offering
 
On
October 27, 2017,
the Company entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) with Oppenheimer & Co. Inc. (the “Underwriter”), relating to the issuance and sale (the “Offering”) of
2,640,000
shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock,
$0.01
par value per share (the “Common Stock”), and warrants to purchase an aggregate of
1,320,000
shares of Common Stock. Each share of Common Stock is being sold together with
0.5
warrants (the “Investor Warrants”), each whole Investor Warrant being exercisable for
one
share of Common Stock, at an offering price of
$2.50
per share and related Investor Warrants.
 
Pursuant to the terms of the Underwriting Agreement, the Underwriter
agreed to purchase the Shares and related Investor Warrants from the Company at a price of
$2.325
per share and related Investor Warrants. Each Investor Warrant is exercisable
six
months from the date of issuance. The Investor Warrants have an exercise price of
$3.00
per whole share, and expire
five
years from the date
first
exercisable.
 
The
Company received
$6.6
million of gross proceeds from the sale of the Shares and Investor Warrant. This Offering was made pursuant to the Company’s effective shelf registration statement on Form S-
3
(File
No.
333
-
206789
) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
September 4, 2015,
and declared effective on
September 25, 2015,
including the base prospectus dated
September 25, 2017
included therein and the related prospectus supplement. The Company also issued to the Underwriter warrants to purchase up to
66,000
shares of the Company’s common stock, such issuance being exempt from registration pursuant to Section
4
(a)(
2
) of the Securities Act.
Each Underwriter warrant is exercisable
six
months from the date of issuance, have an exercise price of
$2.87
per whole share, and expire
five
years from the date
first
exercisable
.
 
July 6, 2017
Common Stock Offering
 
On
July 6, 2017,
the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with several investors, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell, in a registered direct offering, an aggregate of
2,050,000
shares of common stock of the Company at an offering price of
$2.07
per share for gross proceeds of
$4,243,500
before the deduction of the placement agent fee and offering expenses. In addition, the Company sold Pre-Funded Series CCC Warrants to purchase
385,000
shares of common stock (and the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Series CCC Warrants), in lieu of shares of common stock to the extent that the purchase of common stock would cause the beneficial ownership of the Purchaser, together with its affiliates and certain related parties, to exceed
9.99%
of our common stock. The Pre-Funded Series CCC Warrants were sold at an offering price of
$2.06
per share for gross proceeds of
$793,100,
are immediately exercisable for
$0.01
per share of common stock and do
not
have an expiration date. In a concurrent private placement, the Company agreed to issue to each investor, for each share of common stock and pre-funded warrant purchased in the offering, a Series AAA Warrant and Series BBB Warrant, each to purchase
one
share of common stock. The Series AAA Warrants are initially exercisable
six
months following issuance, and terminate
five
and
one
-half years following issuance. The Series AAA Warrants have an exercise price of
$2.07
per share and are exercisable to purchase an aggregate of
2,435,000
shares of common stock. The Series BBB Warrants are immediately exercisable following issuance, and terminate
twelve
months following issuance. The Series BBB Warrants have an exercise price of
$4.75
per share and are exercisable to purchase an aggregate of
2,435,000
shares of common stock. Subject to limited exceptions, a holder of a Series AAA and Series BBB Warrant will
not
have the right to exercise any portion of its warrants if the holder, together with its affiliates, would beneficially own in excess of
9.99%
of the number of shares of common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such exercise.
During the
fourth
quarter of
2017,
all
385,000
of the Series CCC Pre-Funded warrants were exercised in full.
 
On
October 4, 2017,
the Company entered into letter agreements (the “Exercise Agreements”) with the holders of the Series AAA and Series BBB Warrants issued in the
July 6, 2017
Common Stock Offering (the “Exercising Holders”). The Exercise Agreements amended the Series AAA Warrants to permit their immediate exercise. Prior to the execution of the Exercise Agreements, the Series AAA Warrants were
not
exercisable until
January 11, 2018.
Pursuant to the Exercise Agreements, the Exercising Holders and the Company agreed that the Exercising Holders would exercise all of their Existing Warrants with respect to
4,665,000
shares of Common Stock underlying such Existing Warrants. The Series AAA Warrants and Series BBB Warrants were exercised at a price of
$2.07
per share and
$4.75
per share, respectively, which were their respective original exercise prices. The Company received approximately $
16.6
million in gross proceeds from the sale of these warrants.
 
 
The Exercise Agreements also provide for the issuance of
1,166,250
Series DDD Warrants, each to purchase
one
share of Common Stock (the “Series DDD Warrants”). The Series DDD Warrants
have an exercise price
$6.20,
are exercisable
one
year following issuance and terminate
six
months after they are initially exercisable. The Series DDD Warrants and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Series DDD Warrants were offered pursuant to the exemption provided in Section
4
(a)(
2
) under the Securities Act or Rule
506
(b) promulgated thereunder. Pursuant to the Exercise Agreements, the Series DDD Warrants shall be substantially in the form of the Existing Warrants and the Company will be required to register for resale the shares of Common Stock underlying the Series DDD Warrants.
 
 
February 14, 2017
Public Offering
 
On
February 14, 2017,
the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement whereby it sold, in a public offering (the
February 14, 2017
Public Offering), an aggregate of
1,384,704
shares of common stock of the Company at an offering price of
$3.22
per share. In addition, the Company sold Series AA Warrants (the Series AA Warrants) to purchase up to
1,177,790
shares of common stock and Pre-Funded Series BB Warrants (the Pre-Funded Series BB Warrants) to purchase up to
185,713
shares of common stock. The Series AA Warrants have an exercise price of
$3.22
per share, have a
five
-year life and are immediately exercisable. The Pre-Funded Series BB Warrants were offered at
$3.08
per share, were immediately exercisable for
$0.14
per share of common stock, do
not
have an expiration date and were issued in lieu of shares of common stock to the extent that the purchase of common stock would cause the beneficial ownership of the purchaser of such shares, together with its affiliates and certain related parties, to exceed
9.99%
of our common stock. The Company received approximately
$5.0
million in gross proceeds before the deduction of the placement agent fees and offering expenses (excluding any proceeds from the exercise of the warrants) in the
February 14, 2017
Public Offering.
 
In connection with the
February 14, 2017
Public Offering, the Company filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement on Form
 S-
1
(Registration
No.
 
333
-
215321
) on
December 23, 2016,
as amended by Pre-Effective Amendment
No.
1
filed with the Commission on
January 20, 2017,
as further amended by Pre-Effective Amendment
No.
2
filed with the Commission on
February 13, 2017,
as further amended by Pre-Effective Amendment
No.
3
filed with the Commission on
February 13, 2017
and as further amended by Pre-Effective Amendment
No.
4
filed with the Commission on
February 14, 2017
for the registration of the securities issued and sold under the Securities Act of
1933,
as amended.
 
As of
December 31
,
2017,
all
185,713
of the Series BB Pre-Funded warrants were exercised in full. During
2017,
we received approximately
$2.4
million from the exercise of Series AA Warrants to purchase
747,254
shares of common stock.
 
December 2016
Common Stock Offering
 
On
December 20, 2016,
the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors, pursuant to which the Company sold and issued on
December 23, 2016,
in a registered direct offering, an aggregate of
367,346
shares of the Company
’s common stock at an offering price of
$4.90
per share for gross proceeds of approximately
$1.8
million before the deduction of the placement agent fee and offering expenses (the
“December 2016
Offering”). In a concurrent private placement (the “Private Placement Transaction”), the Company agreed to issue to the investors certain warrants at an exercise price of
$6.44
per share (the
December 2016
Warrants). The
December 2016
Warrants are exercisable to purchase common stock for an aggregate of
367,343
shares of common stock. The warrants are initially exercisable
six
months following issuance and terminate
five
and
one
-half years following the date of issuance. The
December 2016
Warrants
may
be exercised from time to time beginning on
June 20, 2017
and expire on
June 20, 2022.
On
April 5, 2017,
the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-
1
for the resale of any share of common stock issued upon exercise of the
December 2016
Warrants on Form S-
1
(File
No.
333
-
217156
) which was declared effective by the SEC on
April 19, 2017.
As more fully discussed below, all the
December 2016
Warrants were exercised in
June 2017.
 
The private placement of the
December 2016
Warrants was structured to comply with the requirements of Section
4
(a)(
2
) under the Securities Act and Rule
506
(b) promulgated thereunder.
 
 
June 2016
Common Stock Offering
 
On
June 13, 2016,
the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with investors, pursuant to which the Company issued and sold, in a registered direct offering, an aggregate of
165,126
shares of common stock, par value
$0.01
per share, of the Company at an offering price of
$19.04
per share for gross proceeds of approximately
$6.0
million before the deduction of the placement agent fee and offering expenses. In a concurrent private placement, the Company issued to the investor Series A warrants (the
“June 2016
Series A Warrants”), each to purchase
0.5
share of the Company
’s common stock, Series C warrants (the
“June 2016
Series C Warrants”), each to purchase
one
share of the Company’s common stock, and Series D warrants (the
“June 2016
Series D Warrants”), each to purchase
0.5
share of the Company’s common stock (collectively, the
“June 2016
Warrants”). The
June 2016
Series A Warrants are initially exercisable
six
months following issuance and terminate
five
and
one
-half years following issuance. The
June 2016
Series C Warrants are initially exercisable
six
months following issuance and terminate
one
year following issuance. The
June 2016
Series D Warrants only become exercisable ratably upon the exercise of the
June 2016
Series C Warrants, are initially exercisable
six
months following issuance, and terminate
five
and
one
-half years following issuance. The
June 2016
Warrants have an exercise price of
$19.60
per share and are exercisable to purchase an aggregate of
630,252
shares of Common Stock. On
October 31, 2016,
the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-
1
for the resale of any share of common stock issued upon exercise of the warrants on Form S-
1
(File
No.
333
-
212353
) which was declared effective by the SEC on
November 16, 2016.
As more fully discussed below, all the
June 2016
Warrants were exercised in
June 2017.
 
 
The private placement of the
June 2016
Warrants was structured to comply with the requirements of Section
4
(a)(
2
) under the Securities Act and Rule
506
(b) promulgated thereunder.
 
Reduced Exercise Price of Warrants
 
On
February 22, 2013,
the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors pursuant to which the Company agreed, among other things, to issue warrants (the
“2013
Warrants”) to purchase up to
95,811
shares of our common stock at an exercise price of
$74.34
per share to such investors in a registered direct offering. On
January 15, 2014,
the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors pursuant to which the Company agreed, among other things, to issue warrants (the
“2014
Warrants”) to purchase up to
64,348
shares of our common stock at an exercise price of
$57.40
per share to such investors in a registered direct offering. On
June 9, 2017,
the Company entered into warrant exercise agreements (the “Exercise Agreements”) with certain holders of the
2013
Warrants, the
2014
Warrants and the
June 2016
Warrants (the “Exercising Holders”), which Exercising Holders own, in the aggregate, warrants exercisable for
790,410
shares of our common stock. Pursuant to the Exercise Agreements, the Exercising Holders and the Company agreed that the Exercising Holders would exercise their
2013
Warrants, the
2014
Warrants and the
June 2016
Warrants with respect to
790,410
shares of our common stock underlying such warrants for a reduced exercise price equal to
$2.70
per share. The Company received aggregate gross proceeds of approximately
$2.1
million from the exercise of the
2013
Warrants, the
2014
Warrants and the
June 2016
Warrants by the Exercising Holders.
 
The reduced exercise price of the
2013
Warrants, the
2014
Warrants and the
June 2016
Series C Warrants increased the fair value of the warrants by approximately
$0.2
million.
This increase in fair value is recorded as a deemed dividend in additional paid in capital due to the retained deficit and it increased the net loss available to common shareholders on the consolidate statement of operations.
 
On
May 27, 2015
entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors pursuant to which the Company agreed, among other things, to issue warrants (the
“2015
Warrants”) to purchase up to
139,284
shares of the Company
’s common stock at an exercise price of
$36.40
per share, to such investors in a registered direct offering. Between
June 22, 2017
through
June 26, 2017,
the Company and holders of the
2015
Warrants and the
December 2016
Warrants (the Exercising Investors) entered into agreements whereby the Company agreed that the Exercising investors would exercise their
2015
Warrants and the
June 2016
Warrants with respect to
506,627
shares of our common stock underlying such warrants for a reduced exercise price equal to
$1.65
per share. The Company received aggregate gross proceeds of approximately
$0.8
million from the exercise of the
2015
Warrants and the
June 2016
Warrants by the Exercising Investors.
 
The reduced exercise price of the
2015
Warrants increased the fair value of the warrants by approximately
$0.1
million. This increase in fair value is recorded as a deemed dividend in additional
paid in capital due to the retained deficit and it increased the net loss available to common shareholders on the consolidate statement of operations.
 
 
Controlled Equity Offering
 
On
February 1, 2013,
the Company entered into a Controlled Equity Offering SM Sales Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., as sales agent (“Cantor”), pursuant to which Celsion
may
offer and sell, from time to time, through Cantor, shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to
$25.0
million (the “ATM Shares”) pursuant to the Company
’s previously filed and effective Registration Statement on Form S-
3.
Under the ATM Agreement, Cantor
may
sell ATM Shares by any method deemed to be an “at-the-market” offering as defined in Rule
415
promulgated under the Securities Act of
1933,
as amended, including sales made directly on The NASDAQ Capital Market, on any other existing trading market for our common stock or to or through a market maker.  During
2017,
the Company sold and issued an aggregate of
1,221,648
under the ATM agreement, receiving approximately
$3.9
million. From
February 1, 2013
through
December 31, 2017,
the Company sold and issued an aggregate of
1,327,326
shares of common stock under the ATM Agreement, receiving approximately
$11.5
million in gross proceeds.
 
 
The Company is
not
obligated to sell any ATM Shares under the ATM Agreement.
  Subject to the terms and conditions of the ATM Agreement, Cantor will use commercially reasonable efforts, consistent with its normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal law, rules and regulations and the rules of The NASDAQ Capital Market, to sell ATM Shares from time to time based upon the Company’s instructions, including any price, time or size limits or other customary parameters or conditions the Company
may
impose. In addition, pursuant to the terms and conditions of the ATM Agreement and subject to the instructions of the Company, Cantor
may
sell ATM Shares by any other method permitted by law, including in privately negotiated transactions.
 
The ATM Agreement will terminate upon the earlier of (i) the sale of ATM Shares under the ATM Agreement having an aggregate offering price of
$25
million and (ii) the termination of the ATM Agreement by Cantor or the Company. The ATM Agreement
may
be terminated by Cantor or the Company at any time upon
10
days' notice to the other party, or by Cantor at any time in certain circumstances, including the occurrence of a material adverse change in the Company.
  The Company pays Cantor a commission of
3.0%
of the aggregate gross proceeds from each sale of ATM Shares and has agreed to provide Cantor with customary indemnification and contribution rights. The Company also reimbursed Cantor for legal fees and disbursements of
$50,000
in connection with entering into the ATM Agreement.
 
On
October 2, 2015
and again on
February 6, 2018,
we filed prospectus supplements to the base prospectus that forms a part of the
2015
Shelf Registration Statement, pursuant to which we
may
offer and sell up to
$17.5
million of shares collectively of common stock from time to time under the ATM Agreement. We had
$13.5
million available for sale under the ATM Agreement as of
December 31, 2017.