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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the two-year period ended December 31, 2020 (in thousands).
 ResearchConferencesConsultingTotal
Balance at December 31, 2018$2,638,418 $187,654 $97,064 $2,923,136 
Additions due to an acquisition (1)17,557 1,736 — 19,293 
Foreign currency translation impact(4,915)251 (39)(4,703)
Balance at December 31, 20192,651,060 189,641 97,025 2,937,726 
Foreign currency translation impact13,672 (5,550)(301)7,821 
Balance at December 31, 2020$2,664,732 $184,091 $96,724 $2,945,547 

(1)The 2019 additions are due to the acquisition of TOPO. See Note 2 — Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information.
Schedule of changes in finite-lived intangible assets
Finite-lived intangible assets. Changes in finite-lived intangible assets during the two-year period ended December 31, 2020 are presented in the tables below (in thousands).
December 31, 2020Customer
Relationships		SoftwareContentOther Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2019$1,145,109 $111,033 $14,140 $30,838 $1,301,120 
Intangible assets fully amortized(2,394)(787)(9,929)(20,152)(33,262)
Foreign currency translation impact11,495 351 (246)(72)11,528 
Gross cost1,154,210 110,597 3,965 10,614 1,279,386 
Accumulated amortization (2)(381,776)(83,320)(3,595)(3,697)(472,388)
Balance at December 31, 2020$772,434 $27,277 $370 $6,917 $806,998 
December 31, 2019Customer
Relationships		SoftwareContentOther Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2018$1,131,656 $110,701 $98,842 $51,662 $1,392,861 
Additions due to an acquisition (1)3,600 1,200 450 5,250 
Intangible assets fully amortized— — (85,900)(21,358)(107,258)
Foreign currency translation impact 9,853 332 (2)84 10,267 
Gross cost1,145,109 111,033 14,140 30,838 1,301,120 
Accumulated amortization (2)(283,369)(61,564)(11,225)(19,875)(376,033)
Balance at December 31, 2019$861,740 $49,469 $2,915 $10,963 $925,087 

(1)The 2019 additions are due to the acquisition of TOPO. See Note 2 — Acquisitions and Divestitures for additional information.
(2)Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—3 to 13 years; Software—2 to 7 years; Content—2 to 3 years; and Other —2 to 11 years.
Schedule of estimated future amortization expense The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).
2021$105,940 
202296,065 
202396,050 
202490,718 
202582,049 
2026 and thereafter336,176 
 $806,998