Segment Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Schedule of segment reporting information, by segment

The tables below present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands) (1).



Three Months Ended September 30, 2019	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	840,998	$	66,286	$	93,218	$	1,000,502
Gross contribution	582,502		27,465		26,538		636,505
Corporate and other expenses							(567,358		)
Operating income							$	69,147



Three Months Ended September 30, 2018	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Other		Consolidated
Revenues	$	774,188	$	57,141	$	78,752	$	11,593	$	921,674
Gross contribution	534,911		25,047		18,419		6,927		585,304
Corporate and other expenses									(532,580		)
Operating income									$	52,724



Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	2,492,427	$	259,392	$	290,009	$	3,041,828
Gross contribution	1,729,967		126,910		89,493		1,946,370
Corporate and other expenses							(1,712,422		)
Operating income							$	233,948



Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Other		Consolidated
Revenues	$	2,308,426	$	214,481	$	258,106	$	105,562	$	2,886,575
Gross contribution	1,599,277		104,698		76,236		65,075		1,845,286
Corporate and other expenses									(1,715,177		)
Operating income									$	130,109

(1) During 2018, the Company divested all of the non-core businesses that comprised its Other segment and moved a small residual product in the Other segment into the Research business and, as a result, no operating activity has been recorded in the Other segment in 2019.

Schedule of reconciliation of segment gross contribution to net income (loss)

The table below provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the periods indicated (in thousands).



	Three Months Ended					Nine Months Ended
	September 30,					September 30,
	2019		2018			2019			2018
Total segment gross contribution	$	636,505	$	585,304		$	1,946,370		$	1,845,286
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1)	1,059		(258		)	4,242			19,669
Selling, general and administrative	512,159		447,537			1,545,905			1,396,085
Depreciation and amortization	52,398		68,187			158,119			203,081
Acquisition and integration charges	1,742		17,114			4,156			96,342
Operating income	69,147		52,724			233,948			130,109
Interest expense and other, net	16,049		27,811			66,716			98,454
Gain (loss) from divested operations	—		13,040			(2,075		)	38,500
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	11,710		26,200			(432		)	31,719
Net income	$	41,388	$	11,753		$	165,589		$	38,436

(1)

The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and related fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company's policy is to only allocate bonus and related fringe charges to segments for up to 100% of the segment employee's target bonus. Amounts above 100% are absorbed by corporate.