Segment Information (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segment Reporting Information by Segment

The following tables present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Other		Consolidated
2018
Revenues	$	3,105,764	$	410,461	$	353,667	$	105,562	$	3,975,454
Gross contribution	2,144,097		207,260		102,541		65,075		2,518,973
Corporate and other expenses									(2,259,258		)
Operating income									$	259,715
	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Other		Consolidated
2017
Revenues	$	2,471,280	$	337,903	$	327,661	$	174,650	$	3,311,494
Gross contribution	1,653,014		163,480		93,643		90,249		2,000,386
Corporate and other expenses									(2,006,715		)
Operating loss									$	(6,329	)
	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Other		Consolidated
2016
Revenues	$	1,857,001	$	268,605	$	318,934	$	—	$	2,444,540
Gross contribution	1,285,611		136,655		89,734		—		1,512,000
Corporate and other expenses									(1,206,859		)
Operating income									$	305,141

Schedule of Reconciliation of Segment Gross Contribution to Net Income

The following table provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the years ended December 31 (in thousands):

	2018		2017			2016
Total segment gross contribution	$	2,518,973	$	2,000,386		$	1,512,000
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1)	12,319		9,090			13,108
Selling, general and administrative	1,884,141		1,599,004			1,089,184
Depreciation and amortization	255,601		240,171			61,969
Acquisition and integration charges	107,197		158,450			42,598
Operating income (loss)	259,715		(6,329		)	305,141
Interest expense and other, net	124,041		121,488			16,710
Gain from divested operations	45,447		—			—
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	58,665		(131,096		)	94,849
Net income	$	122,456	$	3,279		$	193,582

(1) The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and related fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development expense that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company's policy is to only allocate bonus and related fringe charges to segments for up to 100% of the segment employee's target bonus. Amounts above 100% are absorbed by corporate.

Schedule of Revenue from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets by Geographical Areas

Disaggregated revenue information by reportable segment for the three years ended December 31, 2018, including our Other segment, is presented in Note 1 – Business and Significant Accounting Policies. Long-lived asset information by geographic location as of December 31 is summarized in the table below (in thousands).

	2018		2017		2016
Long-lived assets: (1)
United States and Canada	$	305,928	$	288,735	$	143,921
Europe, Middle East and Africa	67,306		84,840		42,326
Other International	50,800		41,674		24,630
Total long-lived assets	$	424,034	$	415,249	$	210,877

(1) Excludes goodwill, intangible assets and held-for-sale assets.